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leave</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: intent to leave"> <meta name="keywords" content="intent to leave"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="intent to leave"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 552</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: intent to leave</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">552</span> The Roles of Pay Satisfaction and Intent to Leave on Counterproductive Work Behavior among Non-Academic University Employees </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abiodun%20Musbau%20Lawal">Abiodun Musbau Lawal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunday%20Samson%20Babalola"> Sunday Samson Babalola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uzor%20Friday%20Ordu"> Uzor Friday Ordu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Issue of employees counterproductive work behavior in government owned organization in emerging economies has continued to be a major concern. This study investigated the factors of pay satisfaction, intent to leave and age as predictors of counterproductive work behavior among non-academic employee in a Nigerian federal government owned university. A sample of 200 non-academic employees completed questionnaires. Hierarchical multiple regression was conducted to determine the contribution of each of the predictor variables on the criterion variable on counterproductive work behavior. Results indicate that age of participants (β = -.18; p < .05) significantly independently predicted CWB by accounting for 3% of the explained variance. Addition of pay satisfaction (β = -.14; p < .05) significantly accounted for 5% of the explained variance, while intent to leave (β = -.17; p < .05) further resulted in 8% of the explained variance in counterproductive work behavior. The importance of these findings with regards to reduction in counterproductive work behavior is highlighted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=counterproductive" title="counterproductive">counterproductive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work%20behaviour" title=" work behaviour"> work behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pay%20satisfaction" title=" pay satisfaction"> pay satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intent%20to%20leave" title=" intent to leave"> intent to leave</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57766/the-roles-of-pay-satisfaction-and-intent-to-leave-on-counterproductive-work-behavior-among-non-academic-university-employees" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57766.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">551</span> Return on Investment Analysis (ROI) of “Sabbatical Leave” for Rajabhat Universities in Ratanagosin Group</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marndarath%20Suksanga">Marndarath Suksanga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purposes and policies applied to sabbatical leave, along with the cost of using sabbatical leave. The potential benefits of the use of sabbatical leave to enhance organizational commitment are then examined. The focuses on the role of the sabbatical leave in the development, satisfaction, and productivity of faculty in institutions. An examination of the origin, definition, purposes, and outcomes of sabbatical leaves reviewed in the literature clarifies the role and benefits of the sabbatical leave. The result of this review can be used to determine the need for further study of how sabbatical leave might be used in higher education in universities level to the benefit of the faculty, students and organizations. The result of this review can be used to determine the need for further study of how sabbatical leave might be used in professional-technical and community colleges to the benefit of the faculty, students and organizations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=return%20on%20investment" title="return on investment">return on investment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ROI" title=" ROI"> ROI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sabbatical%20leave" title=" sabbatical leave"> sabbatical leave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education" title=" higher education"> higher education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30196/return-on-investment-analysis-roi-of-sabbatical-leave-for-rajabhat-universities-in-ratanagosin-group" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30196.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">352</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">550</span> The Economic Impact of State Paid Family Leave and Medical Acts on Working Families with Old and Disabled Adults</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ngoc%20Dao">Ngoc Dao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> State Paid Leave Programs (PFL) complement the Federal Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) by offering workers time off to take care of their newborns or sick family members with supplemental income, and further job protection. Up to date, four states (California, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and New York) implemented paid leave policies. This study adds further understanding of how state PFL policies help working families with elder parents improve their work balance by examining the paid leave policies on labor outcomes. Early findings suggest State Paid Leave Policies reduced the likelihood to exit the labor market by 1.6 percentage points, with larger effects among paid leave policies with job protection feature. In addition, the results imply job protection in paid leave policies matters in helping employed caregivers attach to the labor market. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20paid%20leave" title="family paid leave">family paid leave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=working%20caregivers" title=" working caregivers"> working caregivers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employment" title=" employment"> employment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20welfare" title=" social welfare"> social welfare</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143334/the-economic-impact-of-state-paid-family-leave-and-medical-acts-on-working-families-with-old-and-disabled-adults" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143334.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">549</span> Looking Elsewhere for Job: Relationship between Procedural Justice and Survivors’ Turnover Intent in Consolidated Nigeria Banks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fasanmi%20Samuel%20Sunday">Fasanmi Samuel Sunday</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study examines the relationship between procedural justice and turnover intent among survivors in a consolidated Nigeria bank. Opinions of eight hundred and eighty five staff of First City Monumental Bank and Finbank who survived the consolidated process were conveniently sampled using battery of tests. Two hypotheses were tested for this study. Results revealed that procedural justice and demographic variables (sex, age, previous banking job experience, and year of work experience) were significantly, independently and jointly influence turnover intent among survivors in consolidated banks in Nigeria. Also, there was a significant relationship between procedural justice and turnover intent among survivors in a consolidated bank in Nigeria. It was recommended that if the workers perceived the process of downsizing to be fair, they tend to reason with their management and coast along with the process rather than increasing in their turnover intent which will eventually drastically reduce the profitability matrix which the banks desired so desperately. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bankers" title="bankers">bankers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=procedural%20justice" title=" procedural justice"> procedural justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sex" title=" sex"> sex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turnover%20intent" title=" turnover intent"> turnover intent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15576/looking-elsewhere-for-job-relationship-between-procedural-justice-and-survivors-turnover-intent-in-consolidated-nigeria-banks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15576.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">513</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">548</span> Assertion-Driven Test Repair Based on Priority Criteria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruilian%20Zhao">Ruilian Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shukai%20Zhang"> Shukai Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan%20Wang"> Yan Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weiwei%20Wang"> Weiwei Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Repairing broken test cases is an expensive and challenging task in evolving software systems. Although an automated repair technique with intent preservation has been proposed, but it does not take into account the association between test repairs and assertions, leading to a large number of irrelevant candidates and decreasing the repair capability. This paper proposes an assertion-driven test repair approach. Furthermore, an intent-oriented priority criterion is raised to guide the repair candidate generation, making the repairs closer to the intent of the test. In more detail, repair targets are determined through post-dominance relations between assertions and the methods that directly cause compilation errors. Then, test repairs are generated from the target in a bottom-up way, guided by the intent-oriented priority criteria. Finally, the generated repair candidates are prioritized to match the original test intent. The approach is implemented and evaluated on the benchmark of 4 open-source programs and 91 broken test cases. The result shows that the approach can fix 89% (81/91) of broken test cases, which is more effective than the existing intentpreserved test repair approach, and our intent-oriented priority criteria work well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20repair" title="test repair">test repair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20intent" title=" test intent"> test intent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20test" title=" software test"> software test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20case%20evolution" title=" test case evolution"> test case evolution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166462/assertion-driven-test-repair-based-on-priority-criteria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166462.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">547</span> An Integrative Model of Job Characteristics Key Attitudes and Intention to Leave Among Faculty in Higher Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bhavna%20Malik">Bhavna Malik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study is build on a theoretical framework that links characteristics of job, key attitudes and intention to leave, why faculty may be disengaging from institutional service. The literature indicates that job characteristics, key attitudes and intention to leave are very important for effective organizational functioning. In general, the literature showed that some job characteristics might be the antecedents of job satisfaction and the aggregate variable job scope was positively associated with organizational commitment, and these key attitudes predicted intention to leave negatively. The present study attempted to propose a new integrative model of the relationships among job characteristics, key attitudes, and intention to leave. The main purpose of the present study is to examine the effects of job characteristics on intention to leave. While examining the role of job characteristics, the mediating roles of key attitudes were taken into account in order to better understand how job characteristics affect the exhibition of intention to leave. The secondary purpose is to investigate the effects of job characteristics on key attitudes, and the effects of key attitudes on intention to leave. Job characteristics of remuneration, resource for professional activities, career opportunities were positively associated with the work attitude of job satisfaction. The aggregate job scope was positively associated with the work attitude of organizational commitment although no single job characteristic was significantly associated with organizational commitment. Commitment, however, did not significantly affect time spent on institutional service. Two job characteristics—time spent on research and time spent on teaching—were negatively associated with this behavior. In general, the literature showed that some job characteristics might be the antecedents of job satisfaction and the aggregate variable job scope was positively associated with organizational commitment, and these key attiudes predicted intention to leave negatively. In turn, job satisfaction and organizational commitment were negatively associated with the intention to leave. In addition to these, organizational commitment was negatively associated with the intention to leave. However, no significant direct association was found between job characteristics and intention to leave. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Job%20Characteristics%20Model" title="Job Characteristics Model">Job Characteristics Model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20satisfaction" title=" job satisfaction"> job satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20commitment" title=" organizational commitment"> organizational commitment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intention%20to%20leave" title=" intention to leave"> intention to leave</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23438/an-integrative-model-of-job-characteristics-key-attitudes-and-intention-to-leave-among-faculty-in-higher-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">546</span> The Impact of Maternity Leave Reforms: Evidence from Finland</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claudia%20Troccoli">Claudia Troccoli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Childbearing constitutes one of the key factors affecting labour market differences between men and women, accounting for almost a quarter of the gender wage gap. Family leave policies, such as maternity, paternity, and parental leave, represent potential key policy tools to address these inequalities, as they can promote mothers' job continuity and career progression. This paper analyses four major reforms implemented in Finland between the 1960s and the early 1980s. It studies the effects of these maternity and parental leave extensions on mothers' short- and long-run labour market outcomes. Eligibility to longer leave was determined on the basis of the child's date of birth. Therefore, estimation of the causal effects of the reforms is possible by exploiting random variation in children's birthdates and comparing the outcomes of mothers giving birth just before and just after the reform cutoff date. Overall, the three maternity leave reforms did not significantly improve mothers' earnings or employment rates. On the contrary, the estimates, although imprecise, seem to indicate negative effects on women's labour market outcomes. The extension of parental leave is, on the other hand, the only reform that improved mothers' short- and long-term labour market outcomes, both in terms of earnings and employment rate. At the same time, fathers appeared to be negatively affected by the reform. These results provide suggestive evidence that shareable parental leave might have more beneficial effects on mothers' job continuity, as it weakens the connotation of childcare as a task reserved for mothers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20policies" title="family policies">family policies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Finland" title=" Finland"> Finland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternal%20labour%20market%20outcomes" title=" maternal labour market outcomes"> maternal labour market outcomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternity%20leave" title=" maternity leave"> maternity leave</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138054/the-impact-of-maternity-leave-reforms-evidence-from-finland" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138054.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">545</span> The Impact of Level and Consequence of Service Co-Recovery on Post-Recovery Satisfaction and Repurchase Intent</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-Ching%20Tsai">Chia-Ching Tsai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In service delivery, interpersonal interaction is the key to customer satisfaction, and apparently, the factor of human is critical in service delivery. Besides, customers quite care about the consequences of co-recovery. Thus, this research focuses on service failure caused by other customers and uses a 2x2 factorial design to investigate the impact of consequence and level of service co-recovery on post-recovery satisfaction and repurchase intent. 150 undergraduates were recruited as participants, and assigned to one of the four cells randomly. Every participant was requested to read the scenario and then rated the post-recovery satisfaction and repurchase intent. The results show that under the condition of failed co-recovery, level of co-recovery has no effect on post-recovery satisfaction, while under the condition of successful co-recovery, high-level co-recovery causes significantly higher post-recovery satisfaction than low-level co-recovery. Moreover, post-recovery satisfaction has significantly positive impact on repurchase intent. In the system of service delivery, customers interact with other customers frequently. Therefore, comparing with the literature, this research focuses on the service failure caused by other customers. This research also supplies a better understanding of customers’ view on consequences of different levels of co-recovery, which is helpful for the practitioners to make use of co-recovery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20failure" title="service failure">service failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20co-recovery" title=" service co-recovery"> service co-recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consequence%20of%20co-recovery" title=" consequence of co-recovery"> consequence of co-recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level%20of%20co-recovery" title=" level of co-recovery"> level of co-recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-recovery%20satisfaction" title=" post-recovery satisfaction"> post-recovery satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=repurchase%20intent" title=" repurchase intent"> repurchase intent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78948/the-impact-of-level-and-consequence-of-service-co-recovery-on-post-recovery-satisfaction-and-repurchase-intent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78948.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">420</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">544</span> The Use and Safety of Leave from an Acute Inpatient Psychiatry Unit: A Retrospective Review of Pass Outcomes Over Four Years Abstract</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasilis%20C.%20Hristidis">Vasilis C. Hristidis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ricardo%20Caceda"> Ricardo Caceda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%20Soo%20Kim"> Ji Soo Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20Bronson"> Brian Bronson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emily%20A.%20Hill"> Emily A. Hill</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Leave passes to provide authorized leave for hospitalized patients from a psychiatric inpatient unit. Though providing day passes was once a relatively common practice, there is relatively little data describing their safety and efficacy. Methods: This descriptive study examines the use of leave passes in an adult inpatient unit at a university hospital between 2017 and 2021, with attention to reasons for granting the day pass, duration, and outcome of the pass. Results: During the study period, ten patients with primary psychotic or mood disorders received 12 passes for either housing coordination, COVID-19 vaccination, or major family events. There were no fatalities or elopements. One patient experienced severe agitation and engaged in non-suicidal self-injurious behavior. A second patient showed mild, redirectable psychomotor agitation upon return to the unit. The remaining 10 passes were uneventful. Conclusions: Our findings support the view that patients with diverse diagnoses can safely be provided leave from an inpatient setting with adequate planning and support, yielding a low incidence of adverse events. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passes" title="passes">passes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inpatient" title=" inpatient"> inpatient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychiatry" title=" psychiatry"> psychiatry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inpatient%20leave" title=" inpatient leave"> inpatient leave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=outcome" title=" outcome"> outcome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140250/the-use-and-safety-of-leave-from-an-acute-inpatient-psychiatry-unit-a-retrospective-review-of-pass-outcomes-over-four-years-abstract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140250.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">543</span> Socio Economic Deprivation, Institutional Outlay and the Intent of Mobile Snatching and Street Assaults in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asad%20Salahuddin">Asad Salahuddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Crime rates seem to be severely augmenting over the past several years in Pakistan which has perpetuated concerns as to what, when and how this upsurge will be eradicated. State institutions are posed to be in utmost perplexity, given the enormity of worsening law and order situation, compelling government on the flip side to expend more resources in strengthening institutions to confront crime, whereas, the economy has been confronted with massive energy crisis, mass unemployment and considerable inflation which has rendered most of the people into articulate apprehension as to how to satisfy basic necessities. A framework to investigate the variability in the rising street crimes, as affected by social and institutional outcomes, has been established using a cross-sectional study. Questionnaire, entailing 7 sections incorporating numerous patterns of behavior and history of involvement in different crimes for potential street criminals was observed as data collection instrument. In order to specifically explicate the intent of street crimes on micro level, various motivational and de-motivational factors that stimulate people to resort to street crimes were scrutinized. Intent of mobile snatching and intent of street assault as potential dependent variables were examined using numerous variables that influence the occurrence and intent of these crimes using ordered probit along with ordered logit and tobit as competing models. Model Estimates asserts that intent of mobile snatching has been significantly enhanced owing to perceived judicial inefficiency and lower ability of police reforms to operate effectively, which signifies the inefficiency of institutions that are entitled to deliver justice and maintaining law and order respectively. Whereas, intent of street assaults, as an outcome, affirms that people with lack of self-stability and severe childhood punishments were more tempted to be involved in violent acts. Hence, it is imperative for government to render better resources in form of training, equipment and improved salaries to police and judiciary in order to enhance their abilities and potential to curb inflating crime. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deprivation" title="deprivation">deprivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20assault" title=" street assault"> street assault</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20control" title=" self control"> self control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=police%20reform" title=" police reform"> police reform</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14796/socio-economic-deprivation-institutional-outlay-and-the-intent-of-mobile-snatching-and-street-assaults-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14796.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">427</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">542</span> The Effects of Expanding the Generosity of the Statutory Sick Leave Insurance: The Case of a French Reform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Ali%20Benhalima">Mohamed Ali Benhalima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nathon%20Elbaz"> Nathon Elbaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malik%20Koubi"> Malik Koubi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper evaluates an expansion of employer-mandated sick leave insurance in the French private sector. We use a difference-in-differences method in which control groups are defined according to the collective bargaining agreement (CBA) employees belong to. Indeed, thanks to complementary insurance provided by CBAs, employees were not affected the same way by the reform. We find significant effects of the reform on sick leave spells lasting at least 7 days, consistently with the reform target. The effects on spells’ duration and frequency are positive and more pronounced for women than for men, for whom the effect on frequency tends to be slightly negative. The effects are also more pronounced for executives and supervisors than less qualified categories. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sickness%20absence" title="sickness absence">sickness absence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collective%20agreements" title=" collective agreements"> collective agreements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=daily%20sickness%20benefits" title=" daily sickness benefits"> daily sickness benefits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labor%20economics" title=" labor economics"> labor economics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18050/the-effects-of-expanding-the-generosity-of-the-statutory-sick-leave-insurance-the-case-of-a-french-reform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18050.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">353</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">541</span> The Impact of Quality of Life on Satisfaction and Intent to Return for Distance Running</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chin-Huang%20Huang">Chin-Huang Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Chu%20Yeh"> Chun-Chu Yeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Physical activities have a positive impact on individuals’ health and well-being. They also play an important role in promoting quality of life (QoL). The distance running enhances participants’ life satisfaction and provides positive experiences in physical activity. This study aims to measure the perception of QoL and to find the effect on satisfaction and intent to return for distance runners. Exploratory factor analysis is carried out to extract four major factorial dimensions of QoL, including multiple functions, spiritual, physical and cognitive factors. The main factors of QoL will be introduced into the regression function on satisfaction and return intention. The results show that the QoL factors including multiple functions, spiritual, physical and cognitive factors have a positive and significant impact on satisfaction for participants. The multiple functions and physical factors are also significantly positively correlated to the intent of return for runners. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title="quality of life">quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20activity" title=" physical activity"> physical activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distance%20running" title=" distance running"> distance running</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satisfaction" title=" satisfaction"> satisfaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64300/the-impact-of-quality-of-life-on-satisfaction-and-intent-to-return-for-distance-running" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64300.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">465</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">540</span> Effect of Different Concentrations of Polluted Water on Growth and Physiological Parameters of Two Green Algae Scenedesmus obliquus and Cosmarium leave</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yahia%20Mosleh">Yahia Mosleh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Both Scenedesmus obliquus and Cosmarium leave were subjected to different concentrations (5, 10, 20, 50, and 80 %) of highly polluted water collected from Haddows drainage, which receives high amount of domestic sewage, and also the increasing agriculture run off and industrial effluent, then disbursed it in El-Salam fresh water canal. The water in that canal dramatically used as drinking water alongside using in irrigation. A total of 25 physicochemical parameters were determined within the drainage polluted water and also up-stream of El-Salam fresh water canal's water. The effect of five concentrations of the tested polluted water were determined on growth density, dry algal biomass, net photosynthetic oxygen production, catalase activity and ascorbic acid content on the two algae "Scenedesmus obliquus and Cosmarium leave". The result reveal that, low concentration support the growth and the physiological activities of both algae. However, the situation is different in the case of high concentrations, where it encourage the growth of Scenedesmus obliquus , meanwhile the same concentration were inhibited the growth and physiological activities of Cosmarium leave. Which indicated that, Scenedesmus obliquus tolerated high pollution better than Cosmarium leave. Finally it can be concluded that, different organisms, however, have different sensitivities to the same pollutants and the same organisms may be more or less damaged by different pollutant. Also, the inhibitory and stimulatory effects of different species varied with concentrations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalase%20activity" title="catalase activity">catalase activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ascorbic%20acid%20content" title=" ascorbic acid content"> ascorbic acid content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Scenedesmus" title=" Scenedesmus"> Scenedesmus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cosmarium" title=" Cosmarium"> Cosmarium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass" title=" biomass"> biomass</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58194/effect-of-different-concentrations-of-polluted-water-on-growth-and-physiological-parameters-of-two-green-algae-scenedesmus-obliquus-and-cosmarium-leave" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58194.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">539</span> The Effects of the Introduction of a One-day Waiting Period on Absences for Ordinary Illness of Public Employees</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Ali%20Ben%20Halima">Mohamed Ali Ben Halima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malik%20Koubi"> Malik Koubi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Lanfranchi"> Joseph Lanfranchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yohan%20Wloczysiak"> Yohan Wloczysiak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article assesses the consequences on the frequency and duration of ordinary sick leave of the January 2012 and 2018 reforms modifying the scope of sick leave reimbursement in the French civil service. These reforms introduce a one-day waiting period which removes the compensation for the first day of ordinary sick leave. In order to evaluate these reforms, we use an administrative database from the National Pension Fund for local public employees (FPT). The first important result of our data analysis is that the one-day waiting period was not introduced at the same time in the French Local Public Service establishments, or even never in some. This peculiarity allows for an identification strategy using a difference-in-differences method based on the definition at each date of groups of employees treated and not treated by the reform, since establishments that apply the one-day waiting period coexist with establishments that do not apply it. Two types of estimators are used for this evaluation: individual and time fixed effects estimators and DIDM estimators which correct for the biases of the Two Way Fixed Effects one. The results confirm that the change in the sick pay system decreases the probability of having at least one ordinary sick leave as well as the number and duration of these episodes. On the other hand, the estimates show that longer leave episodes are not less affected than shorter ones. Finally, the validity tests of the estimators support the results obtained for the second period of 2018-2019, but suggest estimation biases for the period 2012-2013. The extent to which the endogeneity of the choices of implementation of the reform at the local level impact these estimates needs to be further tested. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sick%20leave" title="sick leave">sick leave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=one-day%20waiting%20period" title=" one-day waiting period"> one-day waiting period</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=territorial%20civil%20service" title=" territorial civil service"> territorial civil service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20policy%20evaluation" title=" public policy evaluation"> public policy evaluation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165531/the-effects-of-the-introduction-of-a-one-day-waiting-period-on-absences-for-ordinary-illness-of-public-employees" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">538</span> Impact of Distributive in-Justice on Turnover Intention: An Exploratory Study on Turnover Intention among Line Staff Working in Textile Composite Units in Karachi Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Warraichi">Warraichi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Kanwal"> G. Kanwal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main purpose of the study was to explore relationship between distributive justice and intention to leave the organization by the line staff working in textile sector of Karachi Pakistan. Based on literature review it was hypothesized that perceived distributive justice is positively correlated with intention to leave the organization. A survey of 92 participants (12 female and 80 Male) of textile employee of Karachi was conducted. Two measures were used i.e. 3 item questionnaires on turn over intention developed by Mobley, Horner, & Hollingsworth (1978) and a 13 item and 6 point likert scale questionnaire is adopted from the validated questionnaire of Robert Moorman. Result supports the hypothesis that significant correlation was found between distributive justice and intention to leave the organization. Moreover the results also suggest that distributive justice effect on the intention to leave the organization by the textile line staff. Theoretical and methodological outcome are discussed including recommendations are provided which possibly contribute to the textile industry. Highlighted areas of further study are also provided to open research arena for other researchers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20justice" title="distributive justice">distributive justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turnover%20intention" title=" turnover intention"> turnover intention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textile%20industry" title=" textile industry"> textile industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karachi-Pakistan" title=" Karachi-Pakistan"> Karachi-Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15311/impact-of-distributive-in-justice-on-turnover-intention-an-exploratory-study-on-turnover-intention-among-line-staff-working-in-textile-composite-units-in-karachi-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">464</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">537</span> Consequences of Employees' Perception of Political Behavior in Kuwaiti Business Organizations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Muhammad">Ali Muhammad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of employees’ perception of political behavior on their behavior and attitudes. The model tested in this study suggests that employees’ perception of political behavior in their organizations leads to lower levels of job satisfaction, and organizational commitment, and higher levels of work-related stress, and intentions to leave the organization. A sample of 182 employees working in six Kuwaiti business organizations were surveyed using a questionnaire, and data was analyzed using correlation analysis, regression analysis, and non-parametric tests. Results reveal that employees’ perception of political behavior is negatively associated with job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and positively associated with work-related stress and employees’ intentions to leave the organization. The results of the current study are discussed and are compared to the results of previous studies in this area. Finally, the directions for future research are suggested. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceptions%20of%20political%20behavior" title="perceptions of political behavior">perceptions of political behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20commitment" title=" organizational commitment"> organizational commitment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20satisfaction" title=" job satisfaction"> job satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intention%20to%20leave" title=" intention to leave"> intention to leave</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63036/consequences-of-employees-perception-of-political-behavior-in-kuwaiti-business-organizations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">353</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">536</span> Mentorship and Feelings of Identify and Self-Efficacy in Women Returning to the Workforce after an Extended Child-Rearing Leave</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jacquelyn%20Irene%20%20Eidson">Jacquelyn Irene Eidson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Women who leave the workforce due to motherhood and wish to return are a valuable, untapped resource for organizations. Levinson’s theory of adult development defines life as a sequence of transitions requiring difficult decisions that prompt humans to question their identity and their self-efficacy. The experience of being a working mother and the experience of workplace mentorship have received extensive research attention. Merging the two experiences and focusing on feelings of identity and self-efficacy provides a unique and focused opportunity for learning. Through one-on-one interviews and focus group discussion with working mothers that had previously left the workforce for an extended leave due to child-rearing, a meaningful description of their experiences will be obtained. Data is currently being collected via a collaboration with state banking associations in the United States. Results from the study will enable organizations worldwide to more effectively provide mentorship opportunities built around a culture of understanding while more effectively recruiting, supporting, developing, and retaining this valuable talent pool. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity" title="identity">identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mentorship" title=" mentorship"> mentorship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-efficacy" title=" self-efficacy"> self-efficacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=working%20mother" title=" working mother"> working mother</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138269/mentorship-and-feelings-of-identify-and-self-efficacy-in-women-returning-to-the-workforce-after-an-extended-child-rearing-leave" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138269.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">535</span> 3rd Generation Modular Execution: A Global Breakthrough in Modular Facility Construction System </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sean%20Bryner%20S.%20Rey">Sean Bryner S. Rey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Tanjutco"> Eric Tanjutco</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modular execution strategies are performed to address the various challenges of any projects and are implemented on each project phase that covers Engineering, Procurement, Fabrication and Construction. It was until the recent years that the intent to surpass mechanical modularization approach were conceptualized to give solution to much greater demands of project components such as site location and adverse weather condition, material sourcing, construction schedule, safety risks and overall plot layout and allocation. The intent of this paper is to introduce the 3rd Generation Modular Execution with an overview of its advantages on project execution and will give emphasis on Engineering, Construction, Operation and Maintenance. Most importantly, the paper will present the key differentiator of 3rd Gen modular execution against other conventional project execution and the merits it bears for the industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3rd%20generation%20modular" title="3rd generation modular">3rd generation modular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20block" title=" process block"> process block</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction" title=" construction"> construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operation%20%26%20maintenance" title=" operation & maintenance"> operation & maintenance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43879/3rd-generation-modular-execution-a-global-breakthrough-in-modular-facility-construction-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43879.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">475</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">534</span> A Simple, Precise and Cost Effective PTFE Container Design Capable to Work in Domestic Microwave Oven</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehrdad%20Gholami">Mehrdad Gholami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shima%20Behkami"> Shima Behkami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharifuddin%20B.%20Md.%20Zain"> Sharifuddin B. Md. Zain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Firdaus%20A.%20B.%20Kamaruddin"> Firdaus A. B. Kamaruddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Starting from the first application of a microwave oven for sample preparation in 1975 for the purpose of wet ashing of biological samples using a domestic microwave oven, many microwave-assisted dissolution vessels have been developed. The advanced vessels are armed with special safety valve that release the excess of pressure while the vessels are in critical conditions due to applying high power of microwave. Nevertheless, this releasing of pressure may cause lose of volatile elements. In this study Teflon bottles are designed with relatively thicker wall compared to commercial ones and a silicone based polymer was used to prepare an O-ring which plays the role of safety valve. In this design, eight vessels are located in an ABS holder to keep them stable and safe. The advantage of these vessels is that they need only 2 mL of HNO3 and 1mL H2O2 to digest different environmental samples, namely, sludge, apple leave, peach leave, spinach leave and tomato leave. In order to investigate the performance of this design an ICP-MS instrument was applied for multi elemental analysis of 20 elements on the SRM of above environmental samples both using this design and a commercial microwave digestion design. Very comparable recoveries were obtained from this simple design with the commercial one. Considering the price of ultrapure chemicals and the amount of them which normally is about 8-10 mL, these simple vessels with the procedures that will be discussed in detail are very cost effective and very suitable for environmental studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inductively%20coupled%20plasma%20mass%20spectroscopy%20%28ICP-MS%29" title="inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS)">inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PTFE%20vessels" title=" PTFE vessels"> PTFE vessels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teflon%20bombs" title=" Teflon bombs"> Teflon bombs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20digestion" title=" microwave digestion"> microwave digestion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trace%20element" title=" trace element"> trace element</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10305/a-simple-precise-and-cost-effective-ptfe-container-design-capable-to-work-in-domestic-microwave-oven" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10305.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">533</span> Searching Linguistic Synonyms through Parts of Speech Tagging</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faiza%20Hussain">Faiza Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Usman%20Qamar"> Usman Qamar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Synonym-based searching is recognized to be a complicated problem as text mining from unstructured data of web is challenging. Finding useful information which matches user need from bulk of web pages is a cumbersome task. In this paper, a novel and practical synonym retrieval technique is proposed for addressing this problem. For replacement of semantics, user intent is taken into consideration to realize the technique. Parts-of-Speech tagging is applied for pattern generation of the query and a thesaurus for this experiment was formed and used. Comparison with Non-Context Based Searching, Context Based searching proved to be a more efficient approach while dealing with linguistic semantics. This approach is very beneficial in doing intent based searching. Finally, results and future dimensions are presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20language%20processing" title="natural language processing">natural language processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=text%20mining" title=" text mining"> text mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20retrieval" title=" information retrieval"> information retrieval</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parts-of-speech%20tagging" title=" parts-of-speech tagging"> parts-of-speech tagging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grammar" title=" grammar"> grammar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semantics" title=" semantics"> semantics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52077/searching-linguistic-synonyms-through-parts-of-speech-tagging" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52077.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">532</span> The Television as an Affordable and Effective Way to Promote Healthy Diet and Physical Activity to Prevent or Treat Obesity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Gil%20Del%20%C3%81lamo">P. Gil Del Álamo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Garc%C3%ADa%20Pereda"> J. García Pereda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Casta%C3%B1eda%20De%20La%20Paz"> A. Castañeda De La Paz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Arazola%20Lopez"> D. Arazola Lopez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20D.%20Cubiles%20De%20La%20Vega"> M. D. Cubiles De La Vega</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Engu%C3%ADx%20Gonz%C3%A1lez"> A. Enguíx González</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20M.%20Mu%C3%B1oz%20Pichardo"> J. M. Muñoz Pichardo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the last decades, obesity has more than doubled and is, with overweight, the second leading cause of preventable death. Despite multiple strategies against obesity, no country to date has reduced the number of obese people. To achieve World Health Organization’s target to reverse this tendency we need dramatic and different actions to engage the civil society in creating demand for a healthy style of life. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that a social media as the television can be used to convince the civil society that a healthy nutrition and physical activity are affordable, effective and necessary to prevent and to treat the obesity. Methodology: 61 individuals (34 women and 27 men) with obesity (mean BMI 45,51) were recruited to follow during 22 weeks an intensive lifestyle intervention in order to lose weight in a healthy manner. They were not isolated or moved from their usual environment. This program included endocrinological and nutritional assessment, promotion of physical activity and psychological support. BMI was measured every week. Time to leave obesity between men and women was analyzed with a survival analysis. Results: BMI decreased in all the cases. Analysing Time to leave obesity, around the week 30, 25% of men leave the obesity and around the week 39, 25% of women leave the obesity too. Conclusion: We demonstrate the audience that improving the quality of the diet and increasing the physical activity is a realistic way to lose weight. This evidence can encourage the people to act in their own self-interest changing their style of life in order to prevent or to reduce their overweight. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity%20epidemic" title="obesity epidemic">obesity epidemic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity%20prevention" title=" obesity prevention"> obesity prevention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity%20strategies" title=" obesity strategies"> obesity strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title=" social media"> social media</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62266/the-television-as-an-affordable-and-effective-way-to-promote-healthy-diet-and-physical-activity-to-prevent-or-treat-obesity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62266.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">531</span> Interactivity as a Predictor of Intent to Revisit Sports Apps</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Ik%20Suh">Young Ik Suh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tywan%20G.%20Martin"> Tywan G. Martin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sports apps in a smartphone provide up-to-date information and fast and convenient access to live games. The market of sports apps has emerged as the second fastest growing app category worldwide. Further, many sports fans use their smartphones to know the schedule of sporting events, players’ position and bios, videos and highlights. In recent years, a growing number of scholars and practitioners alike have emphasized the importance of interactivity with sports apps, hypothesizing that interactivity plays a significant role in enticing sports apps users and that it is a key component in measuring the success of sports apps. Interactivity in sports apps focuses primarily on two functions: (1) two-way communication and (2) active user control, neither of which have been applicable through traditional mass media and communication technologies. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine whether the interactivity function on sports apps leads to positive outcomes such as intent to revisit. More specifically, this study investigates how three major functions of interactivity (i.e., two-way communication, active user control, and real-time information) influence the attitude of sports apps users and their intent to revisit the sports apps. The following hypothesis is proposed; interactivity functions will be positively associated with both attitudes toward sports apps and intent to revisit sports apps. The survey questionnaire includes four parts: (1) an interactivity scale, (2) an attitude scale, (3) a behavioral intention scale, and (4) demographic questions. Data are to be collected from ESPN apps users. To examine the relationships among the observed and latent variables and determine the reliability and validity of constructs, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is conducted. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is utilized to test hypothesized relationships among constructs. Additionally, this study compares the proposed interactivity model with a rival model to identify the role of attitude as a mediating factor. The findings of the current sports apps study provide several theoretical and practical contributions and implications by extending the research and literature associated with the important role of interactivity functions in sports apps and sports media consumption behavior. Specifically, this study may improve the theoretical understandings of whether the interactivity functions influence user attitudes and intent to revisit sports apps. Additionally, this study identifies which dimensions of interactivity are most important to sports apps users. From practitioners’ perspectives, this findings of this study provide significant implications. More entrepreneurs and investors in the sport industry need to recognize that high-resolution photos, live streams, and up-to-date stats are in the sports app, right at sports fans fingertips. The result will imply that sport practitioners may need to develop sports mobile apps that offer greater interactivity functions to attract sport fans. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interactivity" title="interactivity">interactivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-way%20communication" title=" two-way communication"> two-way communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20user%20control" title=" active user control"> active user control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20time%20information" title=" real time information"> real time information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20apps" title=" sports apps"> sports apps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitude" title=" attitude"> attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intent%20to%20revisit" title=" intent to revisit"> intent to revisit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98918/interactivity-as-a-predictor-of-intent-to-revisit-sports-apps" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98918.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">530</span> Changes in Knowledge and Awareness for a Community-Based Cancer Screening Educational Program</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shenghui%20Wu">Shenghui Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20Chalela"> Patricia Chalela</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amelie%20G.%20Ramirez"> Amelie G. Ramirez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Cervical cancer (CC), colorectal cancer (CRC), and breast cancer (BC) are diseases that can be prevented/detected through early test. Through educational programs, individuals can become better informed about these cancers and understand the importance of screening and early detection. A community-based educational program was developed to improve knowledge and awareness toward the screening of the three cancer types in a South Texas underserved population. Methods: Residents living in Laredo, Texas were invited to participate in the present study. From January 2020 to April 2021, participants were recruited using social media and flyer distributions in general community. Participants received a free live web cancer education presentation delivered by bilingual community health educators, and online pre- and post-education surveys for CC, CRC, and BC separately. Pre-post changes in knowledge for individual items were compared using McNemar’s chi-squared tests. Results: Overall, participants demonstrated increases in CC (n=237), CRC (n=59), and BC (n=56) screening knowledge and awareness after receiving the cancer screening education (Ps<0.05). After receiving the cancer screening education, 85-97% of participants had an intent to talk to a healthcare provider about CC/CRC/BC screening, 88-97% had an intent to get a CC/CRC/BC screening test in the next 12 months or at the next routine appointment, and 90-97% had an intent to talk about CC/CRC/BC with their family members or friends. Conclusion: A community-based educational program can help increase knowledge and awareness about cervical, colorectal, and breast cancer screening, promote positive changes in population's knowledge and awareness about the benefits of cancer screening. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cervical%20cancer" title="cervical cancer">cervical cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colorectal%20cancer" title=" colorectal cancer"> colorectal cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20cancer" title=" breast cancer"> breast cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20program" title=" educational program"> educational program</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20knowledge" title=" health knowledge"> health knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=awareness" title=" awareness"> awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hispanics" title=" Hispanics"> Hispanics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=screening" title=" screening"> screening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20education" title=" health education"> health education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158066/changes-in-knowledge-and-awareness-for-a-community-based-cancer-screening-educational-program" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158066.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">529</span> Low Back Pain-Related Absenteeism among Healthcare Workers in Kibuli Muslim Hospital, Kampala Uganda</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aremu%20Abdulmujeeb%20Babatunde">Aremu Abdulmujeeb Babatunde</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Low back pain was not only considered to be the most common reason for functional disability worldwide, but also estimated to have affected 90% of the universal population. This study aimed at determining the prevalence, consequences and socio-demographic factors associated with low back pain. Methods; A cross-sectional survey was employed and a total number of 150 self-structured questionnaire was distributed among healthcare workers and this was used to determine the prevalence of low back pain and work related absenteeism. Data was entered using Epi info soft-ware and analyzed using SPSS. Results; An overall response rate of 84% (n = 140) was achieved. The study established that majority (37%) of the respondents were in the age bracket of 20-39 years, 57% female (n=59) and 64% of them were married. the pint prevalence was 84%, 31% of the respondents took leave from work as a result of low back pain. There was high prevalence of sick leave among nursing staff 45.2%, Chi-square test shows that there was a statistically significant association between the respondents occupations and daily time spent during their work (P value 0.011 and 0.042) respectively. Socio-demographic factors like age, marital status and gender were not statistically significant at P<0.05. Conclusions; The medical and socio-professional consequences of low back pain among healthcare workers was as a result of their occupation designations and the daily time spent in carry out this occupations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20back%20pain" title="low back pain">low back pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20workers" title=" healthcare workers"> healthcare workers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevalence" title=" prevalence"> prevalence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sick%20leave" title=" sick leave"> sick leave</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45483/low-back-pain-related-absenteeism-among-healthcare-workers-in-kibuli-muslim-hospital-kampala-uganda" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45483.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">528</span> Structure Elucidation of Isolated Active Compounds from Nigella sativa and Calotropis procera and Their Efficacy for Treatment of Asthma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Intisar%20S.%20A.%20Elzein">Intisar S. A. Elzein</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Saudi Arabia parts of Nigella sativa, and Calotropis procera are commonly used in folk medicine for the treatment of asthma, bronchitis, cough, eczema and other diseases. The purpose of the study is to identify chemical constituents of Nigella sativa seed and Calotropis procera leave isolated by the bioassay guided fractionation process and find out their relevance to the alleged efficacy of the plant in treating asthma. The medicinal properties of both plants for asthma treatment referred to the rich abundance of thymoquinone and phytol compounds isolated from the essential oil of their seed and leave extracts, which they can form a part of molecules of vitamin K. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asthma" title="asthma">asthma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Calotropis%20procera" title=" Calotropis procera"> Calotropis procera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20constituents" title=" chemical constituents"> chemical constituents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigella%20sativa" title=" Nigella sativa"> Nigella sativa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20K" title=" vitamin K"> vitamin K</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75562/structure-elucidation-of-isolated-active-compounds-from-nigella-sativa-and-calotropis-procera-and-their-efficacy-for-treatment-of-asthma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75562.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">527</span> An Assessment into the Drift in Direction of International Migration of Labor: Changing Aspirations for Religiosity and Cultural Assimilation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Toqueer%20Akhter">Syed Toqueer Akhter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20Zulfiqar"> Rabia Zulfiqar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper attempts to trace the determining factor- as far as individual preferences and expectations are concerned- of what causes the direction of international migration to drift in certain ways owing to factors such as Religiosity and Cultural Assimilation. The narrative on migration has graduated from the age long ‘push/pull’ debate to that of complex factors that may vary across each individual. We explore the longstanding factor of religiosity widely acknowledged in mentioned literature as a key variable in the assessment of migration, wherein the impact of religiosity in the form of a drift into the intent of migration has been analyzed. A more conventional factor cultural assimilation is used in a contemporary way to estimate how it plays a role in affecting the drift in direction. In particular what our research aims at achieving is to isolate the effect our key variables: Cultural Assimilation and Religiosity have on direction of migration, and to explore how they interplay as a composite unit- and how we may be able to justify the change in behavior displayed by these key variables. In order to establish a true sense of what drives individual choices we employ the method of survey research and use a questionnaire to conduct primary research. The questionnaire was divided into six sections covering subjects including household characteristics, perceptions and inclinations of the respondents relevant to our study. Religiosity was quantified using a proxy of Migration Network that utilized secondary data to estimate religious hubs in recipient countries. To estimate the relationship between Intent of Migration and its variants three competing econometric models namely: the Ordered Probit Model, the Ordered Logit Model and the Tobit Model were employed. For every model that included our key variables, a highly significant relationship with the intent of migration was estimated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20migration" title="international migration">international migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drift%20in%20direction" title=" drift in direction"> drift in direction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20assimilation" title=" cultural assimilation"> cultural assimilation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religiosity" title=" religiosity"> religiosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ordered%20probit%20model" title=" ordered probit model"> ordered probit model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32297/an-assessment-into-the-drift-in-direction-of-international-migration-of-labor-changing-aspirations-for-religiosity-and-cultural-assimilation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32297.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">526</span> Working Women and Leave in India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ankita%20Verma">Ankita Verma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Women transform the group of people into a family and a house into a home. When a woman embraces motherhood, she undergoes several stresses – both physical and mental. Therefore, to be supportive of women during this critical stage is a societal responsibility. India is in the league of many developed nations in formulating women-friendly policies. One such initiative is the Maternity Benefits Act; first passed in 1961 and later amended from time to time with the latest amended Act of 2017. This review paper critically analyzes provisions of the Act, its implementation, and the legal issues arising out of implementation of the Act. The review suggests that the Act has made a positive impact and the judiciary also has played its role in streamlining the process of implementation of the Act. However, at the same time, it is also felt that employers often hesitate in hiring a mother or an expectant mother. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternity%20benefits" title="maternity benefits">maternity benefits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternity%20benefits%20act%201961%20%26%202017" title=" maternity benefits act 1961 & 2017"> maternity benefits act 1961 & 2017</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motherhood" title=" motherhood"> motherhood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternity%20and%20paternity%20leave" title=" maternity and paternity leave"> maternity and paternity leave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20bonus" title=" medical bonus"> medical bonus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work%20environment" title=" work environment"> work environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143096/working-women-and-leave-in-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143096.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">525</span> The 'Currency' of Dolus Eventualis Considered during Sentencing for Murder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reuben%20Govender">Reuben Govender</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Culpability is an essential element for an accused to be held liable for a crime. The mental element or mens rea determines blameworthiness of an accused on a charge of killing a person. The mens rea required for a conviction of murder is intent while culpable homicide requires negligence. Central to blameworthiness in mens rea is individual freedom and voluntariness. The test for intent is subjective and objective for negligence. This paper presents a review of dolus eventualis in the context of murder trials and from a South African perspective. This paper poses a central questions namely, is dolus eventualis a ‘weaker currency’ during sentencing for murder? This paper attempts to answer this question by reviewing the concept of dolus eventualis, the test in judicial application, a review of decided South African cases in its application, its incorrect application and finally, considerations for its correct application. Lastly, the ‘weight’ of a dolus eventualis conviction in terms of sentencing will be reviewed to support the central question which is answered in the negative. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dolus%20eventualis" title="dolus eventualis">dolus eventualis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dolus%20indeterminatus" title=" dolus indeterminatus"> dolus indeterminatus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dolus%20generalis" title=" dolus generalis"> dolus generalis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mens%20rea" title=" mens rea"> mens rea</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67734/the-currency-of-dolus-eventualis-considered-during-sentencing-for-murder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67734.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">234</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">524</span> The Effect of Organizational Justice on Management by Values Perception and Intention to Leave: A Study among Nurses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arzu%20K.%20Harmanci%20Seren">Arzu K. Harmanci Seren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burcu%20Alacam"> Burcu Alacam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serap%20Altuntas"> Serap Altuntas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ulku%20Baykal"> Ulku Baykal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organizational justice has been evaluated as a concept related to rules developed with regards to distributing gains and making decisions of distribution such as duty, goods, service, reward, punishment, fee, organizational position, opportunity or role among those working in that organization, and to social norms on which these rules are based. Studies of organizational justice are crucial for analyzing the organizational life. It is considered that organization justice will be positively influential upon organizational behaviours such as employees’ level of work satisfaction, their performance, and behaviours of organization citizenship, management by values perception, tendency towards cooperation, and towards quitting their jobs. However, when the literature related to health and nurse management is examined, authors could not reach enough findings related to the influence of nurses’ perception of organizational justice upon the perception of management and the intention of quitting in accordance with the values. For that reason, this study has been carried out with the purpose of determining the influence of nurses’ perception of organizational justice upon the perception of management and the intention of quitting in accordance with the values. The study has been carried out with 176 nurses working in a university hospital in Istanbul and a private hospital who accepted to take part in the study, and it is definitive and relation-seeking. Before the data has been collected, ethics committee approval and institutional permissions have been taken, Organizational Justice Scale, Management by Values, Intention to Leave Scale with a questionnaire including 8 questions that aims at defining the personal and professional characteristics of the nurses have been used as a means of data collection. The data collected between 1 May and 20 June 2016 have been evaluated by the researchers in a computer via definitive, relation-seeking and psychometric statistic. As a result of the study, it has been determined that most of the nurses are working in a university hospital (70.5%), that they are 30 and over (49.4%), women (91.5%), single (52.8%) and have a Bachelor’s Degree (48.3%), working in a surgery unit (17.6), have 5 year or less institutional experience (44.9%), 11 year or more professional experience. Cronbach alpha values of the scales used in this study are .94, .95 and .56. Nurses’ average scores of Organizational Justice Scale is M= 3.35±.96, Management by Values Scale is M=3.30±.74, Intention to Leave Scale is M=8.36±3.14. As a result of the analysis carried out in order to determine the influence of nurses’ perception of organizational justice upon the perception of management and the intention of quitting in accordance with the values, it has been pointed out that the Perception of Organizational Justice influenced the perception of Management by Values positively, Intention to Leave negatively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intention%20to%20leave" title="intention to leave">intention to leave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20by%20values" title=" management by values"> management by values</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nursing" title=" nursing"> nursing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20justice" title=" organizational justice"> organizational justice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61788/the-effect-of-organizational-justice-on-management-by-values-perception-and-intention-to-leave-a-study-among-nurses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61788.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">523</span> Unseen Classes: The Paradigm Shift in Machine Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vani%20Singhal">Vani Singhal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jitendra%20Parmar"> Jitendra Parmar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satyendra%20Singh%20Chouhan"> Satyendra Singh Chouhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Unseen class discovery has now become an important part of a machine-learning algorithm to judge new classes. Unseen classes are the classes on which the machine learning model is not trained on. With the advancement in technology and AI replacing humans, the amount of data has increased to the next level. So while implementing a model on real-world examples, we come across unseen new classes. Our aim is to find the number of unseen classes by using a hierarchical-based active learning algorithm. The algorithm is based on hierarchical clustering as well as active sampling. The number of clusters that we will get in the end will give the number of unseen classes. The total clusters will also contain some clusters that have unseen classes. Instead of first discovering unseen classes and then finding their number, we directly calculated the number by applying the algorithm. The dataset used is for intent classification. The target data is the intent of the corresponding query. We conclude that when the machine learning model will encounter real-world data, it will automatically find the number of unseen classes. In the future, our next work would be to label these unseen classes correctly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20sampling" title="active sampling">active sampling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchical%20clustering" title=" hierarchical clustering"> hierarchical clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20world%20learning" title=" open world learning"> open world learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unseen%20class%20discovery" title=" unseen class discovery"> unseen class discovery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137110/unseen-classes-the-paradigm-shift-in-machine-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intent%20to%20leave&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intent%20to%20leave&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intent%20to%20leave&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intent%20to%20leave&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intent%20to%20leave&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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