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</li> <li id="toc-Chemistry_of_curing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chemistry_of_curing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Chemistry of curing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chemistry_of_curing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 38 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A" title="سوريمي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سوريمي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BC%CE%B9" title="Σουρίμι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σουρίμι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="سوریمی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سوریمی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EA%B8%B0%ED%92%80" title="고기풀 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고기풀" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%AB" title="Սուրիմի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սուրիմի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99" title="סורימי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סורימי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AD%9A%E8%82%89%E7%B7%B4%E3%82%8A%E8%A3%BD%E5%93%81" title="魚肉練り製品 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="魚肉練り製品" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Сурими – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сурими" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94" title="เนื้อปลาบด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เนื้อปลาบด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96" title="Сурімі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сурімі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surimi" title="Surimi – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Surimi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AD%9A%E6%BC%BF" title="魚漿 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="魚漿" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q815740#sitelinks-wikipedia" 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</div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Neuroticfish album, see <a href="/wiki/Surimi_(album)" title="Surimi (album)">Surimi (album)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hrecipe adr"><caption class="infobox-title fn"><span><i>Surimi</i></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:TubOfSurimi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/TubOfSurimi.jpg/300px-TubOfSurimi.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/TubOfSurimi.jpg/450px-TubOfSurimi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/TubOfSurimi.jpg/600px-TubOfSurimi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="902" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding-bottom:0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;">Surimi made of ground fish</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fish_paste" title="Fish paste">Fish paste</a></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data country-name"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Main ingredients</th><td class="infobox-data ingredient">Fish, meats</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:0.25em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Surimi" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Surimi">Media: <i>Surimi</i></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kanikama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Kanikama.jpg/250px-Kanikama.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Kanikama.jpg/330px-Kanikama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Kanikama.jpg/500px-Kanikama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Crab_stick" title="Crab stick">Crab sticks</a> – imitation crab meat made from surimi</figcaption></figure> <p><span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn"><b>Surimi</b></i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>: <span lang="ja">擂り身 / すり身</span>, '<a href="/wiki/Ground_meat" title="Ground meat">ground meat</a>')</span> is a paste made from <a href="/wiki/Fish_as_food" title="Fish as food">fish</a> or other <a href="/wiki/Meat" title="Meat">meat</a>. It can also be any of a number of <a href="/wiki/East_Asian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="East Asian cuisine">East Asian foods</a> that use that paste as their primary ingredient. It is available in many shapes, forms, and textures, and is often used to mimic the texture and color of the meat of <a href="/wiki/Lobster_meat" class="mw-redirect" title="Lobster meat">lobster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crab_meat" title="Crab meat">crab</a>, grilled <a href="/wiki/Japanese_eel" title="Japanese eel">Japanese eel</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Shellfish" title="Shellfish">shellfish</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surimi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Frozen_fish_tofu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Frozen_fish_tofu.jpg/220px-Frozen_fish_tofu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Frozen_fish_tofu.jpg/330px-Frozen_fish_tofu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Frozen_fish_tofu.jpg/440px-Frozen_fish_tofu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Chinese <a href="/wiki/Fish_tofu" title="Fish tofu">fish tofu</a>, made of ground fish</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Fish_paste" title="Fish paste">Fish pastes</a> have been a popular food in <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a>. In China, the food is used to make <a href="/wiki/Fish_ball" title="Fish ball">fish balls</a> (魚蛋/魚丸) and ingredients in a thick soup known as <i><a href="/wiki/Geng_(dish)" title="Geng (dish)">geng</a></i> (羹), common in <a href="/wiki/Fujian_cuisine" title="Fujian cuisine">Fujian cuisine</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, the earliest surimi production was in 1115 for making <i><a href="/wiki/Kamaboko" title="Kamaboko">kamaboko</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Alaska_pollock" title="Alaska pollock">Alaska pollock</a>, native to the seas around Japan, played an important role in the development of processed surimi due to its high protein biomass. <a href="/wiki/Satsumaage" class="mw-redirect" title="Satsumaage">Satsumaage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chikuwa" title="Chikuwa">chikuwa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hanpen" title="Hanpen">hanpen</a> were other major surimi foods prior to 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 4–5">: 4–5 </span></sup> </p><p>After World War II, machines were used to process surimi, but it was always sold fresh, since freezing had a negative effect on the finished product by denaturing the gel-forming capability of the surimi. Between 1945 and 1950, record catches of pollock in Hokkaido (primarily for harvesting the <a href="/wiki/Roe" title="Roe">roe</a>) resulted in large quantities of fish meat, so the Hokkaido Fisheries Research Station established a team to make better use of the excess. A team, led by K. Nishiya, discovered the addition of salt during the processing prevented the spongy texture that resulted after freezing, and also began using salted surimi in the manufacture of fish sausages. In 1969, Nishitani Yōsuke further discovered that the use of <a href="/wiki/Sucrose" title="Sucrose">sucrose</a>, or other carbohydrates such as <a href="/wiki/Sorbitol" title="Sorbitol">sorbitol</a>, acted as a cryoprotectant by stabilizing the <a href="/wiki/Actomyosin" class="mw-redirect" title="Actomyosin">actomyosin</a> in the surimi without denaturing the fish protein the way salt does.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 5–6">: 5–6 </span></sup> </p><p>Surimi industrial technology developed by Japan in the early 1960s promoted the growth of the surimi industry. In 1963, the government of Hokkaido applied for a patent on the surimi processing technology, and companies such as Nippon Suisan and Maruha-Nichiro implemented at-sea frozen fish processing in the mid-1960s. After a peak of surimi consumption in 1975, consumption in Japan began to decline as the preference for other meats (beef, pork) went up, and lower quality products on the market influenced consumer opinion of surimi overall. Although the quality standards for fish in Japanese surimi products were quite high, the consumer perception of surimi generally attributes it to by-catch and lower quality fish.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 6–7">: 6–7 </span></sup> </p><p>When the <a href="/wiki/Magnuson%E2%80%93Stevens_Fishery_Conservation_and_Management_Act" title="Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act">Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act</a> was enacted in 1976, the United States became involved in the surimi industry through joint ventures with Japanese fish processors. Imitation crab products were developed in Japan between 1973 and 1975, and although not as popular in Japan, opened the door to international surimi consumption. Further developments for using different types of fish were made since the 1980s. The first US surimi processing plant was built in 1984 on <a href="/wiki/Kodiak_Island" title="Kodiak Island">Kodiak Island</a>, and Canada in 1995, aided by Japanese technicians.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 6–9">: 6–9 </span></sup> </p><p>In the early 1990s and the late 2000s, the price of surimi skyrocketed. This impacted many small Japanese kamaboko companies, causing many to go bankrupt due to cost of materials as well as the diminishing habit of eating kamaboko daily by younger generations.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 8">: 8 </span></sup> As the price rose, surimi industry sought methods to minimize waste.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Decanter_centrifuge" title="Decanter centrifuge">decanter</a> technique, developed in the mid-1990s, further improved the recovery of fish meat during the washing process.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 6–9">: 6–9 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use_and_labelling">Use and labelling</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surimi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Use and labelling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Horikawa_kamaboko_red_80g.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Horikawa_kamaboko_red_80g.jpg/250px-Horikawa_kamaboko_red_80g.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Horikawa_kamaboko_red_80g.jpg/330px-Horikawa_kamaboko_red_80g.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Horikawa_kamaboko_red_80g.jpg/500px-Horikawa_kamaboko_red_80g.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2564" data-file-height="1923" /></a><figcaption>Japanese <a href="/wiki/Kamaboko" title="Kamaboko">kamaboko</a> is made of surimi</figcaption></figure> <p>Two to three million tons of fish from around the world, amounting to 2–3 percent of the world fisheries' supply, are used for the production of surimi and surimi-based products. The United States and Japan are major producers of surimi and surimi-based products. <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> has become an important producer. China's role as producer is increasing. Many newcomers to the surimi industry have emerged, including <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the United Kingdom, due to tightening advertising/labeling regulations, the surimi product previously sold as crab sticks is now sold as seafood sticks (since it contains no crab), though the older term is still recognized by most older people, and the red coloring to imitate the appearance of crabs is still applied. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chemistry">Chemistry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surimi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Chemistry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Composition">Composition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surimi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a> <a href="/wiki/USDA_National_Nutrient_Database" title="USDA National Nutrient Database">National Nutrient Database</a>, fish surimi contains about 76% water, 15% <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a>, 6.85% <a href="/wiki/Carbohydrate" title="Carbohydrate">carbohydrate</a>, and 0.9% <a href="/wiki/Fat" title="Fat">fat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chemistry_of_curing">Chemistry of curing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surimi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Chemistry of curing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Curing_(chemistry)" title="Curing (chemistry)">curing</a> of the fish paste is caused by the <a href="/wiki/Polymerization" title="Polymerization">polymerization</a> of <a href="/wiki/Myosin" title="Myosin">myosin</a> when heated. The species of fish is the most important factor that affects this curing process. Many <a href="/wiki/Pelagic_fish" title="Pelagic fish">pelagic fish</a> with higher fat contents lack the needed type of heat-curing myosin and are not used for surimi.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Borax" title="Borax">Borax</a> was once widely used in Asian fish balls to make the texture bouncier and to preserve the water content. It is now banned in multiple countries (including Taiwan), but clandestine use has continued (such as in 2008).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The legal replacement is <a href="/wiki/Polyphosphate" title="Polyphosphate">polyphosphate</a>, which provides a similar effect without the toxicity of borax.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surimi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Narutomaki_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Narutomaki"><img alt="Narutomaki" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Narutomaki_001.jpg/330px-Narutomaki_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Narutomaki_001.jpg/500px-Narutomaki_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Narutomaki_001.jpg/960px-Narutomaki_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3326" data-file-height="2495" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Narutomaki" title="Narutomaki">Narutomaki</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iwashidama,_in_Toyokawa,_Aichi_(2014.12.31).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Iwashidama (sardine surimi)"><img alt="Iwashidama (sardine surimi)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Iwashidama%2C_in_Toyokawa%2C_Aichi_%282014.12.31%29.jpg/320px-Iwashidama%2C_in_Toyokawa%2C_Aichi_%282014.12.31%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Iwashidama%2C_in_Toyokawa%2C_Aichi_%282014.12.31%29.jpg/480px-Iwashidama%2C_in_Toyokawa%2C_Aichi_%282014.12.31%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Iwashidama%2C_in_Toyokawa%2C_Aichi_%282014.12.31%29.jpg/640px-Iwashidama%2C_in_Toyokawa%2C_Aichi_%282014.12.31%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="3096" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Iwashidama</i> (<a href="/wiki/Sardine" title="Sardine">sardine</a> surimi)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glasaal_Surimi_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spanish gulas"><img alt="Spanish gulas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Glasaal_Surimi_02.jpg/330px-Glasaal_Surimi_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Glasaal_Surimi_02.jpg/500px-Glasaal_Surimi_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Glasaal_Surimi_02.jpg/960px-Glasaal_Surimi_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3412" data-file-height="2732" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Spanish <i>gulas</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oita_gyorokke.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Korokke made of fish surimi"><img alt="Korokke made of fish surimi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Oita_gyorokke.jpg/320px-Oita_gyorokke.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Oita_gyorokke.jpg/480px-Oita_gyorokke.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Oita_gyorokke.jpg/640px-Oita_gyorokke.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Korokke" title="Korokke">Korokke</a></i> made of fish surimi</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2016-02-06_Agekamaboko-%E6%8F%9A%E3%81%92%E3%81%8B%E3%81%BE%E3%81%BC%E3%81%93_%E5%A4%A7%E9%BB%92%E5%A4%A9%E7%89%A9%E7%94%A3_12%E5%80%8B_100%E5%86%86_DSCF8724.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Satsuma-age"><img alt="Satsuma-age" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/2016-02-06_Agekamaboko-%E6%8F%9A%E3%81%92%E3%81%8B%E3%81%BE%E3%81%BC%E3%81%93_%E5%A4%A7%E9%BB%92%E5%A4%A9%E7%89%A9%E7%94%A3_12%E5%80%8B_100%E5%86%86_DSCF8724.JPG/500px-2016-02-06_Agekamaboko-%E6%8F%9A%E3%81%92%E3%81%8B%E3%81%BE%E3%81%BC%E3%81%93_%E5%A4%A7%E9%BB%92%E5%A4%A9%E7%89%A9%E7%94%A3_12%E5%80%8B_100%E5%86%86_DSCF8724.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/2016-02-06_Agekamaboko-%E6%8F%9A%E3%81%92%E3%81%8B%E3%81%BE%E3%81%BC%E3%81%93_%E5%A4%A7%E9%BB%92%E5%A4%A9%E7%89%A9%E7%94%A3_12%E5%80%8B_100%E5%86%86_DSCF8724.JPG/960px-2016-02-06_Agekamaboko-%E6%8F%9A%E3%81%92%E3%81%8B%E3%81%BE%E3%81%BC%E3%81%93_%E5%A4%A7%E9%BB%92%E5%A4%A9%E7%89%A9%E7%94%A3_12%E5%80%8B_100%E5%86%86_DSCF8724.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Satsuma-age" title="Satsuma-age">Satsuma-age</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 108.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 106.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Surimi_salad1_(16714326780).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Surimi salad and bread"><img alt="Surimi salad and bread" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Surimi_salad1_%2816714326780%29.jpg/250px-Surimi_salad1_%2816714326780%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="107" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Surimi_salad1_%2816714326780%29.jpg/330px-Surimi_salad1_%2816714326780%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="590" data-file-height="883" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Surimi salad and bread</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jako-ten_udon_by_woinary_in_Matsuyama,_Ehime.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Udon with jakoten slices"><img alt="Udon with jakoten slices" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Jako-ten_udon_by_woinary_in_Matsuyama%2C_Ehime.jpg/500px-Jako-ten_udon_by_woinary_in_Matsuyama%2C_Ehime.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Jako-ten_udon_by_woinary_in_Matsuyama%2C_Ehime.jpg/960px-Jako-ten_udon_by_woinary_in_Matsuyama%2C_Ehime.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Udon" title="Udon">Udon</a> with <i><a href="/wiki/Jakoten" title="Jakoten">jakoten</a></i> slices</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 208.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 206.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tikutikutikuwa_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chikuwa made of surimi, on a shichirin grill"><img alt="Chikuwa made of surimi, on a shichirin grill" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Tikutikutikuwa_%28cropped%29.jpg/310px-Tikutikutikuwa_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="207" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Tikutikutikuwa_%28cropped%29.jpg/464px-Tikutikutikuwa_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Tikutikutikuwa_%28cropped%29.jpg/619px-Tikutikutikuwa_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="1898" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Chikuwa" title="Chikuwa">Chikuwa</a></i> made of surimi, on a <i><a href="/wiki/Shichirin" title="Shichirin">shichirin</a></i> grill</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surimi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/40px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/60px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/120px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_seafood_dishes" title="List of seafood dishes">List of seafood dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_dishes" title="List of Japanese dishes">List of Japanese dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisheries_management" title="Fisheries management">Fisheries management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_paste" title="Fish paste">Fish paste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishcake" title="Fishcake">Fishcakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_ball" title="Fish ball">Fish balls</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surimi&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPark2013" class="citation book cs1">Park, Jae W. (2013-11-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yWZmAQAAQBAJ&dq=surimi+and+surimi+seafood&pg=PA5"><i>Surimi and Surimi Seafood</i></a> (3 ed.). CRC Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4398-9857-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4398-9857-4"><bdi>978-1-4398-9857-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Surimi+and+Surimi+Seafood&rft.edition=3&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2013-11-12&rft.isbn=978-1-4398-9857-4&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Jae+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyWZmAQAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dsurimi%2Band%2Bsurimi%2Bseafood%26pg%3DPA5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASurimi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBoseGhoshYangMitra1991" class="citation book cs1">Bose, A. N.; Ghosh, S. N.; Yang, C. T.; Mitra, A. (1991-10-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=K-08AAAAIAAJ&dq=Japanese+fish+sausage&pg=PA309"><i>Coastal Aquaculture Engineering</i></a>. CUP Archive. p. 309. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-41767-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-41767-9"><bdi>978-0-521-41767-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Coastal+Aquaculture+Engineering&rft.pages=309&rft.pub=CUP+Archive&rft.date=1991-10-03&rft.isbn=978-0-521-41767-9&rft.aulast=Bose&rft.aufirst=A.+N.&rft.au=Ghosh%2C+S.+N.&rft.au=Yang%2C+C.+T.&rft.au=Mitra%2C+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DK-08AAAAIAAJ%26dq%3DJapanese%2Bfish%2Bsausage%26pg%3DPA309&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASurimi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"World Surimi Market", by Benoit Vidal-Giraud and Denis Chateau, Globefish Research Programme, Volume 89, April 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160820022425/https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/4591?fg=&man=&lfacet=&format=&count=&max=25&offset=&sort=&qlookup=surimi">"Nutrient data for 15109, Fish, surimi"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USDA_National_Nutrient_Database" title="USDA National Nutrient Database">National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference</a></i>. Release 25. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a>. 9 October 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/4591?fg=&man=&lfacet=&format=&count=&max=25&offset=&sort=&qlookup=surimi">the original</a> on August 20, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Nutrient+Database+for+Standard+Reference&rft.atitle=Nutrient+data+for+15109%2C+Fish%2C+surimi&rft.date=2012-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fndb.nal.usda.gov%2Fndb%2Ffoods%2Fshow%2F4591%3Ffg%3D%26man%3D%26lfacet%3D%26format%3D%26count%3D%26max%3D25%26offset%3D%26sort%3D%26qlookup%3Dsurimi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASurimi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050321102746/http://foodscience.engineering.dal.ca/surimi.html">"Thermally-induced interactions in fish muscle proteins (Why does surimi form a gel?)"</a>. December 12, 2000. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://foodscience.engineering.dal.ca/surimi.html">the original</a> on March 21, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thermally-induced+interactions+in+fish+muscle+proteins+%28Why+does+surimi+form+a+gel%3F%29&rft.date=2000-12-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffoodscience.engineering.dal.ca%2Fsurimi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASurimi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYiuSeeRajanBong2008" class="citation journal cs1">Yiu, Pang-Hung; See, Jian; Rajan, Amartalingam; Bong, Choon-Fah J. (February 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26527212">"Boric Acid Levels in Fresh Noodles and Fish Ball"</a>. <i>American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences</i>. <b>3</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">476–</span>481. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3844%2Fajabssp.2008.476.481">10.3844/ajabssp.2008.476.481</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 21,</span> 2023</span> – via researchgate.net.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Biological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Boric+Acid+Levels+in+Fresh+Noodles+and+Fish+Ball&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E476-%3C%2Fspan%3E481&rft.date=2008-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3844%2Fajabssp.2008.476.481&rft.aulast=Yiu&rft.aufirst=Pang-Hung&rft.au=See%2C+Jian&rft.au=Rajan%2C+Amartalingam&rft.au=Bong%2C+Choon-Fah+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F26527212&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASurimi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130729183344/http://www.chshb.gov.tw/news_detail.asp?news_type=3&sysno=3431"><i>使用硼砂替代品吃得更安心</i></a> [<i>Borax alternative makes for safer food</i>] (in Chinese (Taiwan)), 彰化縣衛生局 (Changhua County Health Bureau), 2008-09-04, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chshb.gov.tw/news_detail.asp?news_type=3&sysno=3431">the original</a> on 2013-07-29</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E7%A1%BC%E7%A0%82%E6%9B%BF%E4%BB%A3%E5%93%81%E5%90%83%E5%BE%97%E6%9B%B4%E5%AE%89%E5%BF%83&rft.pub=%E5%BD%B0%E5%8C%96%E7%B8%A3%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E5%B1%80+%28Changhua+County+Health+Bureau%29&rft.date=2008-09-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chshb.gov.tw%2Fnews_detail.asp%3Fnews_type%3D3%26sysno%3D3431&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASurimi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> 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seafoods</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Seafood" title="Category:Seafood">more...</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fish_processing" title="Fish processing">Processed<br />seafood</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caviar" title="Caviar">Caviar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dried_fish" title="Dried fish">Dried fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canned_fish" title="Canned fish">Canned fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cod_liver_oil" title="Cod liver oil">Cod liver oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cured_fish" title="Cured fish">Cured fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fermented_fish" title="Fermented fish">Fermented fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_fillet" title="Fish fillet">Fish fillet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_head" title="Fish head">Fish head</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_oil" title="Fish oil">Fish oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_sauce" title="Fish sauce">Fish sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_paste" title="Fish paste">Fish paste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_steak" title="Fish steak">Fish steak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_stock_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fish stock (food)">Fish stock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutefisk" title="Lutefisk">Lutefisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salted_fish" title="Salted fish">Salted fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salted_squid" title="Salted squid">Salted squid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shark_liver_oil" title="Shark liver oil">Shark liver oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_paste" title="Shrimp paste">Shrimp paste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoked_fish" title="Smoked fish">Smoked fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockfish" title="Stockfish">Stockfish</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Surimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roe" title="Roe">Roe</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Fish_processing" title="Category:Fish processing">more...</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Seafood_dishes" title="Seafood dishes">Seafood dishes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_seafood_dishes" title="List of seafood dishes">List of seafood dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_crab_dishes" title="List of crab dishes">List of crab dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fish_dishes" title="List of fish dishes">List of fish dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_raw_fish_dishes" title="List of raw fish dishes">List of raw fish dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tuna_dishes" title="List of tuna dishes">List of tuna dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisque_(food)" title="Bisque (food)">Bisque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chowder" title="Chowder">Chowder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_and_chips" title="Fish and chips">Fish and chips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_pie" title="Fish pie">Fish pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_soup" title="Fish soup">Fish soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fried_fish" title="Fried fish">Fried fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seafood_boil" title="Seafood boil">Seafood boil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shark_fin_soup" title="Shark fin soup">Shark fin soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi" title="Sushi">Sushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi_bake" title="Sushi bake">Sushi bake</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Seafood_dishes" title="Category:Seafood dishes">more...</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Health hazards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ciguatera" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciguatera">Ciguatera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_diseases_and_parasites" title="Fish diseases and parasites">Fish diseases and parasites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_in_fish" title="Mercury in fish">Mercury in fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metagonimiasis" title="Metagonimiasis">Metagonimiasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scombroid_food_poisoning" title="Scombroid food poisoning">Scombroid food poisoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shellfish_poisoning" title="Shellfish poisoning">Shellfish poisoning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Advisory services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seafood_mislabelling" title="Seafood mislabelling">Seafood mislabelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_seafood" title="Sustainable seafood">Sustainable seafood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_seafood_advisory_lists_and_certification" title="Sustainable seafood advisory lists and certification">Sustainable seafood advisory lists and certification</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Animal welfare</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Declawing_of_crabs" title="Declawing of crabs">Declawing of crabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eyestalk_ablation" title="Eyestalk ablation">Eyestalk ablation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eating_live_seafood" title="Eating live seafood">Eating live seafood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldfish_swallowing" title="Goldfish swallowing">Goldfish swallowing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_fish_trade" title="Live fish trade">Live fish trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_in_fish" title="Pain in fish">Pain in fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_in_crustaceans" title="Pain in crustaceans">Pain in crustaceans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shark_finning" title="Shark finning">Shark finning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fish_preservation" title="Fish preservation">Fish preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_processing" title="Fish processing">Fish processing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gathering_seafood_by_hand" class="mw-redirect" title="Gathering seafood by hand">Gathering seafood by hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_seafood" title="History of seafood">History of seafood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_sushi" title="History of sushi">History of sushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_seafood_companies" title="List of seafood companies">List of seafood companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pescetarianism" title="Pescetarianism">Pescetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raw_bar" title="Raw bar">Raw bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon_cannery" title="Salmon cannery">Salmon cannery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seafood_restaurant" title="Seafood restaurant">Seafood restaurant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/20px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/40px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Seafood" title="Category:Seafood">Category: Seafood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Japanese_food_and_drink486" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Japanese_food_and_drink" title="Template:Japanese food and drink"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Japanese_food_and_drink" title="Template talk:Japanese food and drink"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese_food_and_drink" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese food and drink"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Japanese_food_and_drink486" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cuisine" title="Japanese cuisine">Japanese food and drink</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shushoku</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_rice" title="Japanese rice">Rice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chahan_(dish)" title="Chahan (dish)">Chahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_curry" title="Japanese curry">Curry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katsu_curry" title="Katsu curry">Katsu curry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutinous_rice" title="Glutinous rice">Glutinous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germinated_brown_rice" title="Germinated brown rice">Hatsuga genmai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congee" title="Congee">Kayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donburi" title="Donburi">Donmono</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABkadon" title="Chūkadon">Chūkadon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C5%ABdon" title="Gyūdon">Gyūdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsudon" title="Katsudon">Katsudon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyakodon" title="Oyakodon">Oyakodon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tekkadon" title="Tekkadon">Tekkadon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenshindon" title="Tenshindon">Tenshindon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unadon" title="Unadon">Unadon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayashi_rice" title="Hayashi rice">Hayashi rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okowa" title="Okowa">Okowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onigiri" title="Onigiri">Onigiri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tenmusu" title="Tenmusu">Tenmusu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omurice" title="Omurice">Omurice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushi" title="Sushi">Sushi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_sushi" title="History of sushi">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_sushi" title="Sustainable sushi">Sustainable</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_bean_rice" title="Red bean rice">Sekihan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takikomi_gohan" title="Takikomi gohan">Takikomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zosui" title="Zosui">Zosui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_noodles" title="Japanese noodles">Noodles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cellophane_noodles#Japan" title="Cellophane noodles">Harusame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiyamugi" title="Hiyamugi">Hiyamugi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiyashi_ch%C5%ABka" title="Hiyashi chūka">Hiyashi chūka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramen" title="Ramen">Ramen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Champon" title="Champon">Champon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kagoshima_ramen" title="Kagoshima ramen">Kagoshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muroran_curry_ramen" title="Muroran curry ramen">Muroran curry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandan_noodles#Related_dishes" title="Dandan noodles">Tantan-men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonkotsu_ramen" title="Tonkotsu ramen">Tonkotsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsukemen" title="Tsukemen">Tsukemen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirataki_noodles" title="Shirataki noodles">Shirataki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soba" title="Soba">Soba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okinawa_soba" title="Okinawa soba">Okinawa soba</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soki" title="Soki">Soki</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dmen" title="Sōmen">Sōmen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dmen_salad" title="Sōmen salad">Salad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udon" title="Udon">Udon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yaki_udon" title="Yaki udon">Yakiudon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakisoba" title="Yakisoba">Yakisoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dt%C5%8D" title="Hōtō">Hōtō</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Konamono</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monjayaki" title="Monjayaki">Monjayaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okonomiyaki" title="Okonomiyaki">Okonomiyaki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hirayachi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hirayachi">Hirayachi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takoyaki" title="Takoyaki">Takoyaki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bread</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anpan" title="Anpan">Anpan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curry_bread" title="Curry bread">Curry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melonpan" title="Melonpan">Melonpan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_milk_bread" title="Japanese milk bread">Milk bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_roux" class="mw-redirect" title="Water roux">Yudane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Okazu" title="Okazu">Okazu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agedashi_d%C5%8Dfu" title="Agedashi dōfu">Agedashi dōfu</a></li> <li>Agemono <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Furai" title="Furai">Furai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karaage" title="Karaage">Karaage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korokke" title="Korokke">Korokke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushikatsu" title="Kushikatsu">Kushikatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satsuma-age" title="Satsuma-age">Satsuma-age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempura" title="Tempura">Tempura</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chawanmushi" title="Chawanmushi">Chawanmushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gari_(ginger)" title="Gari (ginger)">Gari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaozi#Gyōza" title="Jiaozi">Gyōza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakuni" title="Kakuni">Kakuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabemono" title="Nabemono">Nabemono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namasu_(Food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Namasu (Food)">Namasu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natt%C5%8D" title="Nattō">Nattō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikujaga" title="Nikujaga">Nikujaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oden" title="Oden">Oden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onsen_tamago" title="Onsen tamago">Onsen tamago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sashimi" title="Sashimi">Sashimi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fugu" title="Fugu">Fugusashi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabu-shabu" title="Shabu-shabu">Shabu-shabu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiokara" title="Shiokara">Shiokara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukiyaki" title="Sukiyaki">Sukiyaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamagoyaki" title="Tamagoyaki">Tamagoyaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokoroten" title="Tokoroten">Tokoroten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonkatsu" title="Tonkatsu">Tonkatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tororo_(food)" title="Tororo (food)">Tororo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsukemono" title="Tsukemono">Tsukemono</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nukazuke" title="Nukazuke">Nukazuke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takuan" title="Takuan">Takuan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsukudani" title="Tsukudani">Tsukudani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsukune" title="Tsukune">Tsukune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakiniku" title="Yakiniku">Yakiniku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakitori" title="Yakitori">Yakitori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soup<br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_soups_and_stews" title="List of Japanese soups and stews">Shirumono</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Butajiru" title="Butajiru">Butajiru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenchin-jiru" title="Kenchin-jiru">Kenchin-jiru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miso_soup" title="Miso soup">Miso soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suimono" class="mw-redirect" title="Suimono">Suimono</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%B8%E3%81%84%E7%89%A9" class="extiw" title="ja:吸い物">ja</a>]</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Set menu</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bento" title="Bento">Bento</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ekiben" title="Ekiben">Ekiben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyaraben" title="Kyaraben">Kyaraben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makunouchi" title="Makunouchi">Makunouchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wappameshi" title="Wappameshi">Wappameshi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honzen-ry%C5%8Dri" title="Honzen-ryōri">Honzen-ryōri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%ABbako" title="Jūbako">Jūbako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiseki" title="Kaiseki">Kaiseki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osechi" title="Osechi">Osechi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alcoholic beverage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sake" title="Sake">Sake</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazake" title="Amazake">Amazake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigori" title="Nigori">Nigori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toso" title="Toso">Toso</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dch%C5%AB" title="Shōchū">Shōchū</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awamori" title="Awamori">Awamori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habushu" title="Habushu">Habushu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umeshu" title="Umeshu">Umeshu</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tea</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Green_tea#Japan" title="Green tea">Green tea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_tea_in_Japan" title="History of tea in Japan">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bancha" title="Bancha">Bancha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyokuro" title="Gyokuro">Gyokuro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Djicha" title="Hōjicha">Hōjicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabuse_tea" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabuse tea">Kabuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kukicha" title="Kukicha">Kukicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matcha" title="Matcha">Matcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sencha" title="Sencha">Sencha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uji_tea" title="Uji tea">Uji</a></li></ul></li> <li>Herbal tea <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genmaicha" title="Genmaicha">Genmaicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckwheat_tea" title="Buckwheat tea">Sobacha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelp_tea" title="Kelp tea">Kombu-cha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barley_tea" title="Barley tea">Mugicha</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soft drinks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramune" title="Ramune">Ramune</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C.C._Lemon" title="C.C. Lemon">C.C. Lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calpis" title="Calpis">Calpis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canned_coffee" title="Canned coffee">Canned coffee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boss_Coffee" title="Boss Coffee">Boss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(coffee)" title="Georgia (coffee)">Georgia</a></li></ul></li> <li>Energy drink <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lipovitan" title="Lipovitan">Lipovitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oronamin_C" title="Oronamin C">Oronamin C</a></li></ul></li> <li>Sports drink <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquarius_(beverage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aquarius (beverage)">Aquarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocari_Sweat" title="Pocari Sweat">Pocari Sweat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakult" title="Yakult">Yakult</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_snacks" title="List of Japanese snacks">Snacks</a> /<br /> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_desserts_and_sweets" title="List of Japanese desserts and sweets">sweets</a>/<br /> <a href="/wiki/Wagashi" title="Wagashi">Wagashi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amanatt%C5%8D" title="Amanattō">Amanattō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botan_Rice_Candy" title="Botan Rice Candy">Botan Rice Candy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daifuku" title="Daifuku">Daifuku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dango" title="Dango">Dango</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chichi_dango" title="Chichi dango">Chichi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kibi_dango_(millet_dumpling)" title="Kibi dango (millet dumpling)">Kibi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorayaki" title="Dorayaki">Dorayaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karukan" title="Karukan">Karukan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konpeit%C5%8D" title="Konpeitō">Konpeitō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manj%C5%AB" title="Manjū">Manjū</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mochi" title="Mochi">Mochi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agemochi" title="Agemochi">Agemochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goheimochi" title="Goheimochi">Goheimochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kankoro_Mochi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kankoro Mochi">Kankoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzumochi" title="Kuzumochi">Kuzumochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zunda-mochi" title="Zunda-mochi">Zunda-mochi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senbei" title="Senbei">Senbei</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arare_(food)" title="Arare (food)">Arare</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiruko" title="Shiruko">Shiruko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiyaki" title="Taiyaki">Taiyaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uir%C5%8D" title="Uirō">Uirō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warabimochi" title="Warabimochi">Warabimochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dkan" title="Yōkan">Yōkan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fruits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Square_watermelon" title="Square watermelon">Square watermelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yubari_King" title="Yubari King">Yubari King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Roman" title="Ruby Roman">Ruby Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shine_Muscat" title="Shine Muscat">Shine Muscat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ingredients /<br /> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_condiments" title="List of Japanese condiments">Condiments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_bean_paste" title="Red bean paste">Anko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_laver" title="Green laver">Aonori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamboo_shoot" title="Bamboo shoot">Bamboo shoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beni_sh%C5%8Dga" title="Beni shōga">Beni shōga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctium_lappa#Uses" title="Arctium lappa">Burdock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daikon" title="Daikon">Daikon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sakurajima_radish" title="Sakurajima radish">Sakurajima</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dashi" title="Dashi">Dashi</a></li> <li>Fish <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kamaboko" title="Kamaboko">Kamaboko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollock_roe" title="Pollock roe">Mentaiko / tarako</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Surimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobiko" title="Tobiko">Tobiko</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hijiki" title="Hijiki">Hijiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanzuri" title="Kanzuri">Kanzuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karashi" title="Karashi">Karashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsuobushi" title="Katsuobushi">Katsuobushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kombu" title="Kombu">Kombu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konjac" class="mw-redirect" title="Konjac">Konnyaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuromitsu" title="Kuromitsu">Kuromitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kudzu_powder" title="Kudzu powder">Kuzuko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayonnaise#Japan" title="Mayonnaise">Mayonnaise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menma" title="Menma">Menma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirin" title="Mirin">Mirin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miso" title="Miso">Miso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monosodium_glutamate" title="Monosodium glutamate">MSG</a></li> <li>Mushrooms <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flammulina_filiformis" title="Flammulina filiformis">Enokitake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsutake" title="Matsutake">Matsutake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiitake" title="Shiitake">Shiitake</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myoga" title="Myoga">Myoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nori" title="Nori">Nori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sake_kasu" title="Sake kasu">Sake kasu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bread_crumbs#Panko" class="mw-redirect" title="Bread crumbs">Panko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanthoxylum_piperitum#Japanese_cuisine" title="Zanthoxylum piperitum">Sansyō</a></li> <li>Sauce <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ponzu" title="Ponzu">Ponzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soy_sauce" title="Soy sauce">Soy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tare_sauce" title="Tare sauce">Tare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonkatsu_sauce" title="Tonkatsu sauce">Tonkatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcestershire_sauce#Japan" title="Worcestershire sauce">Worcestershire</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesame_oil" title="Sesame oil">Sesame oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shichimi" title="Shichimi">Shichimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiso" title="Shiso">Shiso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenkasu" title="Tenkasu">Tenkasu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofu" title="Tofu">Tofu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umeboshi" title="Umeboshi">Umeboshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wasabi" title="Wasabi">Wasabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuzu" title="Yuzu">Yuzu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yuzu_kosh%C5%8D" title="Yuzu koshō">Yuzu koshō</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_cooking_utensils" title="List of Japanese cooking utensils">Utensils</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chawan" title="Chawan">Chawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopsticks" title="Chopsticks">Chopsticks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_kitchen_knife" title="Japanese kitchen knife">Kitchen knife</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deba_b%C5%8Dch%C5%8D" title="Deba bōchō">Deba bōchō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chef%27s_knife" title="Chef's knife">Gyuto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguro_b%C5%8Dch%C5%8D" title="Maguro bōchō">Maguro bōchō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakiri_b%C5%8Dch%C5%8D" title="Nakiri bōchō">Nakiri bōchō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santoku" title="Santoku">Santoku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sashimi_b%C5%8Dch%C5%8D" title="Sashimi bōchō">Sashimi bōchō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usuba_b%C5%8Dch%C5%8D" title="Usuba bōchō">Usuba bōchō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanagi_ba" title="Yanagi ba">Yanagi ba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_cooker" title="Rice cooker">Rice cooker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamoji" class="mw-redirect" title="Shamoji">Shamoji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suribachi" title="Suribachi">Suribachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaru" title="Zaru">Zaru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_dishes" title="List of Japanese dishes">Dishes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ramen_dishes" title="List of ramen dishes">Ramen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_soups_and_stews" title="List of Japanese soups and stews">Soups and stews</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sushi_and_sashimi_ingredients" title="List of sushi and sashimi ingredients">Sushi and sashimi ingredients</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinmi" title="Chinmi">Chinmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichij%C5%AB-sansai" title="Ichijū-sansai">Ichijū-sansai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omakase" title="Omakase">Omakase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teppanyaki" title="Teppanyaki">Teppanyaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusanhin" title="Tokusanhin">Tokusanhin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teriyaki" title="Teriyaki">Teriyaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umami" title="Umami">Umami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Customs_and_etiquette_in_Japanese_dining" title="Customs and etiquette in Japanese dining">Customs and etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okinawan_cuisine" title="Okinawan cuisine">Okinawan cuisine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Japanese_cuisine" title="Category:Japanese cuisine">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fish_sauces_and_pastes95" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fish_sauce" title="Template:Fish sauce"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fish_sauce" title="Template talk:Fish sauce"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fish_sauce" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fish sauce"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fish_sauces_and_pastes95" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fish_sauce" title="Fish sauce">Fish sauces</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fish_paste" title="Fish paste">pastes</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fish_sauce" title="Fish sauce">Fish sauce</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anchovy_essence" title="Anchovy essence">Anchovy essence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colatura_di_alici" title="Colatura di alici">Colatura di alici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budu_(sauce)" title="Budu (sauce)">Budu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincalok" title="Cincalok">Cincalok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garum" title="Garum">Garum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeotgal" title="Jeotgal">Jeotgal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahyawa" title="Mahyawa">Mahyawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patis_(sauce)" class="mw-redirect" title="Patis (sauce)">Patis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pla_ra" title="Pla ra">Pla ra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shottsuru" title="Shottsuru">Shottsuru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcestershire_sauce" title="Worcestershire sauce">Worcestershire sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XO_sauce" title="XO sauce">XO sauce</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:YosriBuduMempelam.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Budu sauce"><img alt="Budu sauce" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/YosriBuduMempelam.jpg/120px-YosriBuduMempelam.jpg" decoding="async" width="77" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/YosriBuduMempelam.jpg/250px-YosriBuduMempelam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paste_(food)" title="Paste (food)">Fish paste</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anchovy_paste" title="Anchovy paste">Anchovy paste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balao-balao" title="Balao-balao">Balao-balao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagoong" title="Bagoong">Bagoong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagoong_monamon" title="Bagoong monamon">Bagoong monamon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagoong_terong" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagoong terong">Bagoong terong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bekasang" title="Bekasang">Bekasang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burong_isda" title="Burong isda">Burong isda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayok" title="Dayok">Dayok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_paste" title="Fish paste">Fish paste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garum" title="Garum">Garum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentleman%27s_Relish" title="Gentleman's Relish">Gentleman's Relish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakoten" title="Jakoten">Jakoten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeotgal" title="Jeotgal">Jeotgal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamaboko" title="Kamaboko">Kamaboko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngachin" title="Ngachin">Ngachin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapi" title="Ngapi">Ngapi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padaek" title="Padaek">Padaek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pissalat" title="Pissalat">Pissalat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pla_ra" title="Pla ra">Pla ra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prahok" title="Prahok">Prahok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiokara" title="Shiokara">Shiokara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_paste" title="Shrimp paste">Shrimp paste</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Surimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taba_ng_talangka" title="Taba ng talangka">Taba ng talangka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomalley" title="Tomalley">Tomalley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" 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