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title="Historia universal de la infamia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Historia universal de la infamia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE%DA%86%D9%87_%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="تاریخچه جهانی رسوایی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تاریخچه جهانی رسوایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storia_universale_dell%27infamia" title="Storia universale dell'infamia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Storia universale dell'infamia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Short stories collection by Jorge Luis Borges</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%; font-style:italic; padding-bottom:0.2em;">A Universal History of Infamy <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Universal+History+of+Infamy&rft.author=%5B%5BJorge+Luis+Borges%5D%5D&rft.date=1935%2C+1954&rft.pub=Editorial+Tor+%281935%29%3Cbr%3EEmec%C3%A9+%281954%29&rft.place=Argentina&rft_id=info:oclcnum/541339"></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:HistoriaUniversalDeLaInfamia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/53/HistoriaUniversalDeLaInfamia.jpg/220px-HistoriaUniversalDeLaInfamia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="321" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/53/HistoriaUniversalDeLaInfamia.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="261" data-file-height="381" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">First edition (1935)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Author</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges" title="Jorge Luis Borges">Jorge Luis Borges</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Original title</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Historia universal de la infamia</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Translator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Norman_Thomas_di_Giovanni" title="Norman Thomas di Giovanni">Norman Thomas di Giovanni</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">Spanish</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publisher</th><td class="infobox-data">Editorial Tor (1935)<br />Emecé (1954)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Publication date</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1935, 1954</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publication place</th><td class="infobox-data">Argentina</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Published in English</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1972</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Media type</th><td class="infobox-data">Print</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-525-47546-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-525-47546-X">0-525-47546-X</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)"><abbr title="Online Computer Library Center number">OCLC</abbr></a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/541339">541339</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>A Universal History of Infamy</b></i>, or <i><b>A Universal History of Iniquity</b></i> (original Spanish title: <i>Historia universal de la infamia</i>), is a collection of <a href="/wiki/Short_stories" class="mw-redirect" title="Short stories">short stories</a> by <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentine</a> writer <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges" title="Jorge Luis Borges">Jorge Luis Borges</a>, first published in 1935, and revised by the author in 1954. Most were published individually in the newspaper <i>Crítica</i> between 1933 and 1934. Angel Flores, the first to use the term "<a href="/wiki/Magical_realism" title="Magical realism">magical realism</a>", set the beginning of the movement with this book.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The stories (except <i>Hombre de la esquina rosada</i>) are fictionalised accounts of real criminals. The sources are listed at the end of the book, but Borges makes many alterations in the retelling—arbitrary or otherwise—particularly to dates and names, so the accounts cannot be relied upon as historical. In particular, <i>The Disinterested Killer</i> diverges from its source material. </p><p>Two English translations exist, the first from 1972 and the second from 1999 (part of a collected edition, published as a separate book in 2004). The 1972 English edition (<i>A Universal History of Infamy</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-525-47546-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-525-47546-X">0-525-47546-X</a>) was translated by <a href="/wiki/Norman_Thomas_di_Giovanni" title="Norman Thomas di Giovanni">Norman Thomas di Giovanni</a>. The 2004 English edition (<i>A Universal History of Iniquity</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-243789-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-243789-1">0-14-243789-1</a>), translated by <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Hurley_(academic)" title="Andrew Hurley (academic)">Andrew Hurley</a>, was published by <a href="/wiki/The_Penguin_Classics_Library_Complete_Collection" class="mw-redirect" title="The Penguin Classics Library Complete Collection">Penguin Classics</a>, a division of British publisher <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Books" title="Penguin Books">Penguin Books</a>. </p><p>Borges was reluctant to authorise a translation. In his preface to the 1954 edition, Borges distanced himself somewhat from the book, which he gave as an example of the <i>baroque</i>, "when art flaunts and squanders its resources"; he wrote that the stories are "the irresponsible sport of a shy sort of man who could not bring himself to write short stories, and so amused himself by changing and distorting (sometimes without aesthetic justification) the stories of other men" and that "there is nothing beneath all the storm and the lightning." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contents">Contents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Universal_History_of_Infamy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Contents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Original Spanish title</th> <th>English (1972)</th> <th>English (2004)</th> <th>Central characters </th></tr> <tr> <td><i>El atroz redentor Lazarus Morell</i></td> <td><i>The Dread Redeemer Lazarus Morell</i></td> <td><i>The Cruel Redeemer Lazarus Morell</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Murrell_(bandit)" title="John Murrell (bandit)">John Murrell</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>El impostor inverosímil Tom Castro</i></td> <td><i>Tom Castro, the Implausible Imposter</i></td> <td><i>The Improbable Imposter Tom Castro</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Orton" title="Arthur Orton">Arthur Orton</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>La viuda Ching, pirata</i></td> <td><i>The Widow Ching, Lady Pirate</i></td> <td><i>The Widow Ching – Pirate</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ching_Shih" class="mw-redirect" title="Ching Shih">Ching Shih</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>El proveedor de iniquidades Monk Eastman</i></td> <td><i>Monk Eastman, Purveyor of Iniquities</i></td> <td><i>Monk Eastman, Purveyor of Iniquities</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monk_Eastman" title="Monk Eastman">Monk Eastman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>El asesino desinteresado Bill Harrigan</i></td> <td><i>The Disinterested Killer Bill Harrigan</i></td> <td><i>The Disinterested Killer Bill Harrigan</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Billy_the_Kid" title="Billy the Kid">Billy the Kid</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>El incivil maestro de ceremonias Kotsuké no Suké</i></td> <td><i>The Insulting Master of Etiquette Kôtsuké no Suké</i></td> <td><i>The Uncivil Teacher of Court Etiquette Kôtsuké no Suké</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kira_Yoshinaka" title="Kira Yoshinaka">Kira Yoshinaka</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>El tintorero enmascarado Hákim de Merv</i></td> <td><i>The Masked Dyer, Hakim of Merv</i></td> <td><i>Hakim, the Masked Dyer of Merv</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Al-Muqanna" title="Al-Muqanna">Al-Muqanna</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Hombre de la esquina rosada</i></td> <td><i>Streetcorner Man</i></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Man_on_Pink_Corner" title="Man on Pink Corner">Man on Pink Corner</a></i> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><i>Etcétera</i></td> <td><i>Et cetera</i></td> <td><i>Et cetera</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Un teólogo en la muerte</i></td> <td><i>A Theologian in Death</i></td> <td><i>A Theologian in Death</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Melanchthon" class="mw-redirect" title="Philipp Melanchthon">Philipp Melanchthon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>La cámara de las estatuas</i></td> <td><i>The Chamber of Statues</i></td> <td><i>The Chamber of Statues</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Historia de los dos que soñaron</i></td> <td><i>Tale of the Two Dreamers</i></td> <td><i>The Story of the Two Dreamers</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>El brujo postergado</i></td> <td><i>The Wizard Postponed</i></td> <td><i>The Wizard that was Made to Wait</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>El espejo de tinta</i></td> <td><i>The Mirror of Ink</i></td> <td><i>The Mirror of Ink</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Un doble de Mahoma</i> (added 1954)</td> <td><i>A Double for Mohammed</i></td> <td><i>Mahomed's Double</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>El enemigo generoso</i> (added 1954)</td> <td><i>The Generous Enemy</i></td> <td><i>The Generous Enemy</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Del rigor en la ciencia</i> (added 1954)</td> <td><i>On Exactitude in Science</i></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/On_Exactitude_in_Science" title="On Exactitude in Science">On Exactitude in Science</a></i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Universal_History_of_Infamy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Book_collection.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Book_collection.jpg/32px-Book_collection.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Book_collection.jpg/48px-Book_collection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Book_collection.jpg/64px-Book_collection.jpg 2x" data-file-width="299" data-file-height="238" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Novels" title="Portal:Novels">Novels portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Jorge_Luis_Borges" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliography of Jorge Luis Borges">Bibliography of Jorge Luis Borges</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Universal_History_of_Infamy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">On his conference "Magical Realism in Spanish American" (New York, MLA, 1954), published later in <i>Hispania</i>, 38 (2), 1955.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Jorge_Luis_Borges" title="Template:Jorge Luis Borges"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Jorge_Luis_Borges" title="Template talk:Jorge Luis Borges"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jorge_Luis_Borges" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Jorge Luis Borges"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Jorge_Luis_Borges" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges" title="Jorge Luis Borges">Jorge Luis Borges</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges_bibliography" title="Jorge Luis Borges bibliography">Bibliography</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Original<br />short story<br />collections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">A Universal History of Infamy</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Man_on_Pink_Corner" title="Man on Pink Corner">Man on Pink Corner</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/On_Exactitude_in_Science" title="On Exactitude in Science">On Exactitude in Science</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ficciones" title="Ficciones">Ficciones</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Tl%C3%B6n,_Uqbar,_Orbis_Tertius" title="Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius">Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Approach_to_Al-Mu%27tasim" title="The Approach to Al-Mu'tasim">The Approach to Al-Mu'tasim</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Pierre_Menard,_Author_of_the_Quixote" title="Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote">Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Circular_Ruins" title="The Circular Ruins">The Circular Ruins</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Lottery_in_Babylon" title="The Lottery in Babylon">The Lottery in Babylon</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/An_Examination_of_the_Work_of_Herbert_Quain" title="An Examination of the Work of Herbert Quain">An Examination of the Work of Herbert Quain</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Library_of_Babel" title="The Library of Babel">The Library of Babel</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Garden_of_Forking_Paths" title="The Garden of Forking Paths">The Garden of Forking Paths</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Funes_the_Memorious" title="Funes the Memorious">Funes the Memorious</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Form_of_the_Sword" title="The Form of the Sword">The Form of the Sword</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Theme_of_the_Traitor_and_the_Hero" title="Theme of the Traitor and the Hero">Theme of the Traitor and the Hero</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Death_and_the_Compass" title="Death and the Compass">Death and the Compass</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Secret_Miracle" title="The Secret Miracle">The Secret Miracle</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Three_Versions_of_Judas" title="Three Versions of Judas">Three Versions of Judas</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_End_(story)" title="The End (story)">The End</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Sect_of_the_Phoenix" title="The Sect of the Phoenix">The Sect of the Phoenix</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_South_(short_story)" title="The South (short story)">The South</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Aleph_(short_story_collection)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Aleph (short story collection)">The Aleph</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Immortal_(short_story)" title="The Immortal (short story)">The Immortal</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Dead_Man_(short_story)" title="The Dead Man (short story)">The Dead Man</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Theologians" title="The Theologians">The Theologians</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Story_of_the_Warrior_and_the_Captive" title="Story of the Warrior and the Captive">Story of the Warrior and the Captive</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Emma_Zunz" title="Emma Zunz">Emma Zunz</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_House_of_Asterion" title="The House of Asterion">The House of Asterion</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Deutsches_Requiem_(short_story)" title="Deutsches Requiem (short story)">Deutsches Requiem</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Averroes%27s_Search" title="Averroes's Search">Averroes's Search</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Zahir" title="The Zahir">The Zahir</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Writing_of_the_God" title="The Writing of the God">The Writing of the God</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Two_Kings_and_the_Two_Labyrinths" title="The Two Kings and the Two Labyrinths">The Two Kings and the Two Labyrinths</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Wait_(short_story)" title="The Wait (short story)">The Wait</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Man_on_the_Threshold" title="The Man on the Threshold">The Man on the Threshold</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Aleph_(short_story)" title="The Aleph (short story)">The Aleph</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Dreamtigers" title="Dreamtigers">Dreamtigers</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Borges_and_I" title="Borges and I">Borges and I</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Dr. Brodie's Report</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Encounter_(short_story)" title="The Encounter (short story)">The Encounter</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Gospel_According_to_Mark_(short_story)" title="The Gospel According to Mark (short story)">The Gospel According to Mark</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Sand_(short_story_collection)" title="The Book of Sand (short story collection)">The Book of Sand</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Other_(short_story)" title="The Other (short story)">The Other</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Ulrikke_(short_story)" title="Ulrikke (short story)">Ulrikke</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Congress_(short_story)" title="The Congress (short story)">The Congress</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/There_Are_More_Things" title="There Are More Things">There Are More Things</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Disk" title="The Disk">The Disk</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Sand" title="The Book of Sand">The Book of Sand</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_Memory_(short_story_collection)" title="Shakespeare's Memory (short story collection)">Shakespeare's Memory</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Blue_Tigers" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue Tigers">Blue Tigers</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_Memory" title="Shakespeare's Memory">Shakespeare's Memory</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Essays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Yo,_Jud%C3%ADo" title="Yo, Judío">Yo, Judío</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Infinite_monkey_theorem#Origins_and_"The_Total_Library"" title="Infinite monkey theorem">The Total Library</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Analytical_Language_of_John_Wilkins" title="The Analytical Language of John Wilkins">The Analytical Language of John Wilkins</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_New_Refutation_of_Time" title="A New Refutation of Time">A New Refutation of Time</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Historia_de_la_eternidad" title="Historia de la eternidad">Historia de la eternidad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Borges_on_Mart%C3%ADn_Fierro" title="Borges on Martín Fierro">Borges on Martín Fierro</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Imaginary_Beings" title="Book of Imaginary Beings">Book of Imaginary Beings</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Labyrinths_(short_story_collection)" title="Labyrinths (short story collection)">Labyrinths</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Adrogue,_con_ilustraciones_de_Norah_Borges" title="Adrogue, con ilustraciones de Norah Borges">Adrogue, con ilustraciones de Norah Borges</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/El_Golem" title="El Golem">El Golem</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonor_Acevedo_Su%C3%A1rez" title="Leonor Acevedo Suárez">Leonor Acevedo Suarez (mother)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Guillermo_Borges" title="Jorge Guillermo Borges">Jorge Guillermo Borges (father)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norah_Borges" title="Norah Borges">Norah Borges (sister)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Celestial_Emporium_of_Benevolent_Knowledge" title="Celestial Emporium of Benevolent Knowledge">Celestial Emporium of Benevolent Knowledge</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._Bustos_Domecq" title="H. Bustos Domecq">H. Bustos Domecq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margarita_Guerrero" title="Margarita Guerrero">Margarita Guerrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Mata_y_Dom%C3%ADnguez" title="Pedro Mata y Domínguez">Pedro Mata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges_and_mathematics" title="Jorge Luis Borges and mathematics">Borges and mathematics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196790#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196790#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196790#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/174185105">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/232061148">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Historia universal de la infamia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/7709246-6">Germany</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2004043074">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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