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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>2 Kings 23:13 The king also desecrated the high places east of Jerusalem, to the south of the Mount of Corruption, which King Solomon of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians, for Chemosh the abomination of the Moabites, and for Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/2_kings/23-13.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/10/12_2Ki_23_13.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="2 Kings 23:13 - Josiah Destroys Idolatry" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="The king also desecrated the high places east of Jerusalem, to the south of the Mount of Corruption, which King Solomon of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians, for Chemosh the abomination of the Moabites, and for Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; 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and for Chemosh, the detestable god of the Moabites; and for Molech, the vile god of the Ammonites. <a href="/esv/2_kings/23.htm">English Standard Version</a> And the king defiled the high places that were east of Jerusalem, to the south of the mount of corruption, which Solomon the king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of Moab, and for Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites. <a href="/bsb/2_kings/23.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> The king also desecrated the high places east of Jerusalem, to the south of the Mount of Corruption, which King Solomon of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians, for Chemosh the abomination of the Moabites, and for Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites. <a href="/kjv/2_kings/23.htm">King James Bible</a> And the high places that were before Jerusalem, which were on the right hand of the mount of corruption, which Solomon the king of Israel had builded for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Zidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of the Moabites, and for Milcom the abomination of the children of Ammon, did the king defile. <a href="/nkjv/2_kings/23.htm">New King James Version</a> Then the king defiled the high places that were east of Jerusalem, which were on the south of the Mount of Corruption, which Solomon king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians, for Chemosh the abomination of the Moabites, and for Milcom the abomination of the people of Ammon. <a href="/nasb_/2_kings/23.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> And the king defiled the high places that were opposite Jerusalem, which were on the right of the mount of destruction which Solomon the king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians, for Chemosh the abomination of Moab, and for Milcom the abomination of the sons of Ammon. <a href="/nasb/2_kings/23.htm">NASB 1995</a> The high places which were before Jerusalem, which were on the right of the mount of destruction which Solomon the king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of Moab, and for Milcom the abomination of the sons of Ammon, the king defiled. <a href="/nasb77/2_kings/23.htm">NASB 1977 </a> And the high places which were before Jerusalem, which were on the right of the mount of destruction which Solomon the king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of Moab, and for Milcom the abomination of the sons of Ammon, the king defiled. <a href="/lsb/2_kings/23.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> And the high places which were before Jerusalem, which were on the right of the mount of destruction which Solomon the king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the detestable idol of the Sidonians, and for Chemosh the detestable idol of Moab, and for Milcom the abomination of the sons of Ammon, the king defiled. <a href="/amp/2_kings/23.htm">Amplified Bible</a> The king desecrated the high places which were opposite [east of] Jerusalem, which were on the right (south) of the mount of corruption which Solomon the king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the repulsiveness of the Sidonians, for Chemosh the repulsiveness of Moab, and for Milcom the repulsiveness of the sons (descendants) of Ammon. <a href="/csb/2_kings/23.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> The king also defiled the high places that were across from Jerusalem, to the south of the Mount of Destruction, which King Solomon of Israel had built for Ashtoreth, the abhorrent idol of the Sidonians; for Chemosh, the abhorrent idol of Moab; and for Milcom, the detestable idol of the Ammonites. <a href="/hcsb/2_kings/23.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> The king also defiled the high places that were across from Jerusalem, to the south of the Mount of Destruction, which King Solomon of Israel had built for Ashtoreth, the detestable idol of the Sidonians; for Chemosh, the detestable idol of Moab; and for Milcom, the abomination of the Ammonites. <a href="/asv/2_kings/23.htm">American Standard Version</a> And the high places that were before Jerusalem, which were on the right hand of the mount of corruption, which Solomon the king of Israel had builded for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of Moab, and for Milcom the abomination of the children of Ammon, did the king defile. <a href="/cev/2_kings/23.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> After that, he closed down the shrines that Solomon had built east of Jerusalem and south of Spoil Hill to honor Astarte the disgusting goddess of Sidon, Chemosh the disgusting god of Moab, and Milcom the disgusting god of Ammon. <a href="/erv/2_kings/23.htm">English Revised Version</a> And the high places that were before Jerusalem, which were on the right hand of the mount of corruption, which Solomon the king of Israel had builded for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Zidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of Moab, and for Milcom the abomination of the children of Ammon, did the king defile. <a href="/gwt/2_kings/23.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> The king made the illegal places of worship east of Jerusalem unclean. They were on the southern part of the Hill of Destruction. King Solomon of Israel had built them for Astarte (the disgusting goddess of the Sidonians), Chemosh (the disgusting god of Moab), and Milcom (the disgusting god of the Ammonites). <a href="/gnt/2_kings/23.htm">Good News Translation</a> Josiah desecrated the altars that King Solomon had built east of Jerusalem, south of the Mount of Olives, for the worship of disgusting idols--Astarte the goddess of Sidon, Chemosh the god of Moab, and Molech the god of Ammon. <a href="/isv/2_kings/23.htm">International Standard Version</a> The king defiled the high places which faced Jerusalem on the south side of Corruption Mountain, which King Solomon of Israel had constructed for Ashtoreth, the Sidonian abomination, for Chemosh, the Moabite abomination, and for Milcom, the Ammonite abomination. <a href="/msb/2_kings/23.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> The king also desecrated the high places east of Jerusalem, to the south of the Mount of Corruption, which King Solomon of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians, for Chemosh the abomination of the Moabites, and for Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites. <a href="/net/2_kings/23.htm">NET Bible</a> The king ruined the high places east of Jerusalem, south of the Mount of Destruction, that King Solomon of Israel had built for the detestable Sidonian goddess Astarte, the detestable Moabite god Chemosh, and the horrible Ammonite god Milcom. <a href="/nheb/2_kings/23.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> The king defiled the high places that were before Jerusalem, which were on the right hand of the mountain of corruption, which Solomon the king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of Moab, and for Milcom the abomination of the people of Ammon. <a href="/wbt/2_kings/23.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> And the high places that were before Jerusalem, which were on the right hand of the mount of corruption, which Solomon the king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Zidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of the Moabites, and for Milcom the abomination of the children of Ammon, did the king defile. <a href="/web/2_kings/23.htm">World English Bible</a> The king defiled the high places that were before Jerusalem, which were on the right hand of the mountain of corruption, which Solomon the king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of Moab, and for Milcom the abomination of the children of Ammon. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/2_kings/23.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> And the high places that [are] on the front of Jerusalem, that [are] on the right of the Mount of Corruption, that Solomon king of Israel had built to Ashtoreth, abomination of the Zidonians, and Chemosh, abomination of Moab, and to Milcom, abomination of the sons of Ammon, the king has defiled. <a href="/ylt/2_kings/23.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> And the high places that are on the front of Jerusalem, that are on the right of the mount of corruption, that Solomon king of Israel had built to Ashtoreth abomination of the Zidonians, and Chemosh abomination of Moab, and to Milcom abomination of the sons of Ammon, hath the king defiled. <a href="/slt/2_kings/23.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And the heights which were before Jerusalem which were from the right to the mount of destruction which Solomon king of Israel built to Ashtaroth the abomination of the Sidonians, and to Chemosh the abomination of Moab, and to Milcom the abomination of the sons of Ammon the king defiled.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/2_kings/23.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> The high places also that were at Jerusalem on the right side of the Mount of Offence, which Solomon king of Israel had built to Astaroth the idol of the Sidonians, and to Chamos the scandal of Moab, and to Melchom the abomination of the children of Ammon, the king defiled. <a href="/cpdv/2_kings/23.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> Also, the high places which were in Jerusalem, to the right side of the Mount of Offense, which Solomon, the king of Israel, had built to Ashtoreth, the idol of the Sidonians, and to Chemosh, the offense of Moab, and to Milcom, the abomination of the sons of Ammon, the king defiled. <a href="/nabre/2_kings/23.htm">New American Bible</a> The king defiled the high places east of Jerusalem, south of the Mount of the Destroyer, which Solomon, king of Israel, had built in honor of Astarte, the Sidonian horror, of Chemosh, the Moabite horror, and of Milcom, the Ammonites’ abomination. <a href="/nrsvce/2_kings/23.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> The king defiled the high places that were east of Jerusalem, to the south of the Mount of Destruction, which King Solomon of Israel had built for Astarte the abomination of the Sidonians, for Chemosh the abomination of Moab, and for Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/2_kings/23.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> And the high places that were before Jerusalem, which were on the right hand of the mount of Corruption, which Solomon the king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth, the goddess of the Zidonians, and for Chemosh, the idol of Moab, and for Malcom, the idol of the children of Ammon, did King Josiah destroy. <a href="/hpbt/2_kings/23.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> And the high places that were before Jerusalem that were at the right hand of the Destroying Mountain that Solomon King of Israel had built for Astruth, godess of the Tsidonians, and for Kemush the dreaded one of Moab, and for Malcum the dreaded one of the children of Amon, King Yoshiah broke down.<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/2_kings/23.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> And the high places that were before Jerusalem, which were on the right hand of the mount of corruption, which Solomon the king of Israel had builded for Ashtoreth the detestation of the Zidonians, and for Chemosh the detestation of Moab, and for Milcom the abomination of the children of Ammon, did the king defile. <a href="/sep/2_kings/23.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> And the king defiled the house that was before Jerusalem, on the right hand of the mount of Mosthath, which Solomon king of Israel built to Astarte the abomination of the Sidonians, and to Chamos the abomination of Moab, and to Moloch the abomination of the children of Ammon. <a href="/parallel/2_kings/23-13.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/FiLs3w_mMFQ?start=8034" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/2_kings/23.htm">Josiah Destroys Idolatry</a> …12He pulled down the altars that the kings of Judah had set up on the roof near the upper chamber of Ahaz, and the altars that Manasseh had set up in the two courtyards of the house of the LORD. The king pulverized them there and threw their dust into the Kidron Valley. 13<a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: wə·’eṯ- (Conj-w:: DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: ham·me·leḵ (Art:: N-ms) -- King. From malak; a king.">The king</a> <a href="/hebrew/2930.htm" title="2930: ṭim·mê (V-Piel-Perf-3ms) -- To be or become unclean. A primitive root; to be foul, especially in a ceremial or moral sense.">also desecrated</a> <a href="/hebrew/1116.htm" title="1116: hab·bā·mō·wṯ (Art:: N-fp) -- A high place. From an unused root; an elevation.">the high places</a> <a href="/hebrew/834.htm" title="834: ’ă·šer (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that. A primitive relative pronoun; who, which, what, that; also when, where, how, because, in order that, etc."></a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: ‘al- (Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">east</a> <a href="/hebrew/6440.htm" title="6440: pə·nê (N-cpc) -- Face, faces. Plural of an unused noun; the face; used in a great variety of applications; also as a preposition.">of</a> <a href="/hebrew/3389.htm" title="3389: yə·rū·šā·lim (N-proper-fs) -- Probably foundation of peace, capital city of all Isr. ">Jerusalem,</a> <a href="/hebrew/834.htm" title="834: ’ă·šer (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that. A primitive relative pronoun; who, which, what, that; also when, where, how, because, in order that, etc."></a> <a href="/hebrew/3225.htm" title="3225: mî·mîn (Prep-m:: N-fsc) -- Right hand. From yaman; the right hand or side of a person or other object; locally, the south.">to the south</a> <a href="/hebrew/2022.htm" title="2022: lə·har- (Prep-l:: N-msc) -- Mountain, hill, hill country. A shortened form of harar; a mountain or range of hills.">of the Mount</a> <a href="/hebrew/4889.htm" title="4889: ham·maš·ḥîṯ (Art:: N-ms) -- Ruin, destruction. From shachath; destructive, i.e. destruction, literally or figuratively.">of Corruption,</a> <a href="/hebrew/834.htm" title="834: ’ă·šer (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that. A primitive relative pronoun; who, which, what, that; also when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.">which</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: me·leḵ- (N-msc) -- King. From malak; a king.">King</a> <a href="/hebrew/8010.htm" title="8010: šə·lō·mōh (N-proper-ms) -- David's son and successor to his throne. From shalowm; peaceful; Shelomah, David's successor.">Solomon</a> <a href="/hebrew/3478.htm" title="3478: yiś·rā·’êl (N-proper-ms) -- From sarah and 'el; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also of his posterity.">of Israel</a> <a href="/hebrew/1129.htm" title="1129: bā·nāh (V-Qal-Perf-3ms) -- To build. A primitive root; to build.">had built</a> <a href="/hebrew/6253.htm" title="6253: lə·‘aš·tō·reṯ (Prep-l:: N-proper-fs) -- Ashtoreth. Probably for ashtrah; Ashtoreth, the Phoenician goddess of love.">for Ashtoreth</a> <a href="/hebrew/8251.htm" title="8251: šiq·quṣ (N-msc) -- Detested thing. Or shiqquts; from shaqats; disgusting, i.e. Filthy; especially idolatrous or an idol.">the abomination</a> <a href="/hebrew/6722.htm" title="6722: ṣî·ḏō·nîm (N-proper-mp) -- An inhab. of Sidon. Patrial from Tsiydown; a Tsidonian or inhabitant of Tsidon.">of the Sidonians,</a> <a href="/hebrew/3645.htm" title="3645: wə·liḵ·mō·wōš (Conj-w, Prep-l:: N-proper-ms) -- A god of the Moabites. Or Kmiysh; from an unused root meaning to subdue; the powerful; Kemosh, the god of the Moabites.">for Chemosh</a> <a href="/hebrew/8251.htm" title="8251: šiq·quṣ (N-msc) -- Detested thing. Or shiqquts; from shaqats; disgusting, i.e. Filthy; especially idolatrous or an idol.">the abomination</a> <a href="/hebrew/4124.htm" title="4124: mō·w·’āḇ (N-proper-fs) -- A son of Lot, also his desc. and the territory where they settled. ">of the Moabites,</a> <a href="/hebrew/4445.htm" title="4445: ū·lə·mil·kōm (Conj-w, Prep-l:: N-proper-ms) -- Malcham -- a Benjamite. Or Milkowm; from melek for Molek; Malcam or Milcom, the national idol of the Ammonites.">and for Milcom</a> <a href="/hebrew/8441.htm" title="8441: tō·w·‘ă·ḇaṯ (N-fsc) -- Or tonebah; feminine active participle of ta'ab; properly, something disgusting, i.e. an abhorrence; especially idolatry or an idol.">the abomination</a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: bə·nê- (N-mpc) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">of the Ammonites.</a> <a href="/hebrew/5983.htm" title="5983: ‘am·mō·wn (N-proper-ms) -- A people living E. of the Jordan. From am; tribal, i.e. Inbred; Ammon, a son of Lot; also his posterity and their country."></a> 14He smashed the sacred pillars to pieces, cut down the Asherah poles, and covered the sites with human bones.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/1_kings/11-7.htm">1 Kings 11:7</a> At that time on a hill east of Jerusalem, Solomon built a high place for Chemosh the abomination of Moab and for Molech the abomination of the Ammonites. <a href="/2_chronicles/34-4.htm">2 Chronicles 34:4-7</a> Then in his presence the altars of the Baals were torn down, and he cut to pieces the incense altars that were above them. He shattered the Asherah poles, the carved idols, and the cast images, crushed them to dust, and scattered them over the graves of those who had sacrificed to them. / Then he burned the bones of the priests on their altars. So he cleansed Judah and Jerusalem. / Josiah did the same in the cities of Manasseh, Ephraim, and Simeon, as far as Naphtali, and in the ruins around them. ... <a href="/jeremiah/7-31.htm">Jeremiah 7:31</a> They have built the high places of Topheth in the Valley of Ben-hinnom so they could burn their sons and daughters in the fire—something I never commanded, nor did it even enter My mind. <a href="/ezekiel/20-28.htm">Ezekiel 20:28-29</a> When I brought them into the land that I swore to give them and they saw any high hill or leafy tree, there they offered their sacrifices, presented offerings that provoked Me, sent up their fragrant incense, and poured out their drink offerings. / So I asked them: ‘What is this high place to which you go?’ (And to this day it is called Bamah.) <a href="/1_kings/14-23.htm">1 Kings 14:23</a> They also built for themselves high places, sacred pillars, and Asherah poles on every high hill and under every green tree. <a href="/2_kings/21-3.htm">2 Kings 21:3</a> For he rebuilt the high places that his father Hezekiah had destroyed, and he raised up altars for Baal. He made an Asherah pole, as King Ahab of Israel had done, and he worshiped and served all the host of heaven. <a href="/2_kings/21-7.htm">2 Kings 21:7</a> Manasseh even took the carved Asherah pole he had made and set it up in the temple, of which the LORD had said to David and his son Solomon, “In this temple and in Jerusalem, which I have chosen out of all the tribes of Israel, I will establish My Name forever. <a href="/deuteronomy/12-2.htm">Deuteronomy 12:2-3</a> Destroy completely all the places where the nations you are dispossessing have served their gods—atop the high mountains, on the hills, and under every green tree. / Tear down their altars, smash their sacred pillars, burn up their Asherah poles, cut down the idols of their gods, and wipe out their names from every place. <a href="/isaiah/57-5.htm">Isaiah 57:5-7</a> who burn with lust among the oaks, under every luxuriant tree, who slaughter your children in the valleys, under the clefts of the rocks? / Your portion is among the smooth stones of the valley; indeed, they are your lot. Even to them you have poured out a drink offering and offered a grain offering. Should I relent because of these? / On a high and lofty hill you have made your bed, and there you went up to offer sacrifices. <a href="/jeremiah/19-5.htm">Jeremiah 19:5</a> They have built high places to Baal on which to burn their children in the fire as offerings to Baal—something I never commanded or mentioned, nor did it even enter My mind. <a href="/leviticus/18-21.htm">Leviticus 18:21</a> You must not give any of your children to be sacrificed to Molech, for you must not profane the name of your God. I am the LORD. <a href="/2_chronicles/33-3.htm">2 Chronicles 33:3</a> For he rebuilt the high places that his father Hezekiah had torn down, and he raised up altars for the Baals and made Asherah poles. And he worshiped and served all the host of heaven. <a href="/2_chronicles/33-7.htm">2 Chronicles 33:7</a> Manasseh even took the carved image he had made and set it up in the house of God, of which God had said to David and his son Solomon, “In this temple and in Jerusalem, which I have chosen out of all the tribes of Israel, I will establish My Name forever. <a href="/acts/7-43.htm">Acts 7:43</a> You have taken along the tabernacle of Molech and the star of your god Rephan, the idols you made to worship. Therefore I will send you into exile beyond Babylon.’ <a href="/romans/1-25.htm">Romans 1:25</a> They exchanged the truth of God for a lie, and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is forever worthy of praise! Amen.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>And the high places that were before Jerusalem, which were on the right hand of the mount of corruption, which Solomon the king of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Zidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of the Moabites, and for Milcom the abomination of the children of Ammon, did the king defile.the mount of corruption.Solomon.<a href="/1_kings/11-7.htm">1 Kings 11:7</a> Then did Solomon build an high place for Chemosh, the abomination of Moab, in the hill that is before Jerusalem, and for Molech, the abomination of the children of Ammon.<a href="/nehemiah/13-26.htm">Nehemiah 13:26</a> Did not Solomon king of Israel sin by these things? yet among many nations was there no king like him, who was beloved of his God, and God made him king over all Israel: nevertheless even him did outlandish women cause to sin.Ashtoreth.<a href="/judges/2-13.htm">Judges 2:13</a> And they forsook the LORD, and served Baal and Ashtaroth.<a href="/judges/10-6.htm">Judges 10:6</a> And the children of Israel did evil again in the sight of the LORD, and served Baalim, and Ashtaroth, and the gods of Syria, and the gods of Zidon, and the gods of Moab, and the gods of the children of Ammon, and the gods of the Philistines, and forsook the LORD, and served not him.<a href="/1_samuel/7-4.htm">1 Samuel 7:4</a> Then the children of Israel did put away Baalim and Ashtaroth, and served the LORD only.Chemosh.<a href="/numbers/21-29.htm">Numbers 21:29</a> Woe to thee, Moab! thou art undone, O people of Chemosh: he hath given his sons that escaped, and his daughters, into captivity unto Sihon king of the Amorites.<a href="/judges/11-24.htm">Judges 11:24</a> Wilt not thou possess that which Chemosh thy god giveth thee to possess? So whomsoever the LORD our God shall drive out from before us, them will we possess.<a href="/jeremiah/48-7.htm">Jeremiah 48:7,13,16</a> For because thou hast trusted in thy works and in thy treasures, thou shalt also be taken: and Chemosh shall go forth into captivity with his priests and his princes together… Milcom.<a href="/zephaniah/1-5.htm">Zephaniah 1:5</a> And them that worship the host of heaven upon the housetops; and them that worship and that swear by the LORD, and that swear by Malcham;Malcham.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/1_kings/11-7.htm">Abomination</a> <a href="/1_kings/11-33.htm">Ammon</a> <a href="/1_kings/11-33.htm">Ashtoreth</a> <a href="/1_kings/15-22.htm">Builded</a> <a href="/2_kings/21-5.htm">Built</a> <a href="/1_kings/11-33.htm">Chemosh</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-10.htm">Children</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/32-5.htm">Corruption</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/21-23.htm">Defile</a> <a href="/1_kings/11-7.htm">Detestation</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-8.htm">Hand</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-9.htm">High</a> <a href="/2_kings/22-18.htm">Israel</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-9.htm">Jerusalem</a> <a href="/1_kings/11-33.htm">Milcom</a> <a href="/2_kings/13-20.htm">Moab</a> <a href="/2_kings/13-20.htm">Moabites</a> <a href="/2_kings/19-31.htm">Mount</a> <a href="/2_kings/6-17.htm">Mountain</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-9.htm">Places</a> <a href="/2_kings/22-2.htm">Right</a> <a href="/1_kings/16-31.htm">Sidonians</a> <a href="/2_kings/21-7.htm">Solomon</a> <a href="/1_kings/16-31.htm">Zidonians</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/psalms/88-8.htm">Abomination</a> <a href="/2_kings/24-2.htm">Ammon</a> <a href="/1_kings/11-5.htm">Ashtoreth</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/22-5.htm">Builded</a> <a href="/2_kings/25-1.htm">Built</a> <a href="/jeremiah/48-7.htm">Chemosh</a> <a href="/2_kings/24-2.htm">Children</a> <a href="/job/9-31.htm">Corruption</a> <a href="/songs/5-3.htm">Defile</a> <a href="/leviticus/11-11.htm">Detestation</a> <a href="/2_kings/24-2.htm">Hand</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-15.htm">High</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-15.htm">Israel</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-20.htm">Jerusalem</a> <a href="/jeremiah/49-1.htm">Milcom</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/1-46.htm">Moab</a> <a href="/2_kings/24-2.htm">Moabites</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-16.htm">Mount</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-16.htm">Mountain</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-14.htm">Places</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/6-39.htm">Right</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/22-4.htm">Sidonians</a> <a href="/2_kings/24-13.htm">Solomon</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/22-4.htm">Zidonians</a><div class="vheading2">2 Kings 23</div>1. <a href="/2_kings/23-1.htm">Josiah causes the book to be read in a solemn assembly.</a> 3. <a href="/2_kings/23-3.htm">He renews the covenant of the Lord.</a> 4. <a href="/2_kings/23-4.htm">He destroys idolatry.</a> 15. <a href="/2_kings/23-15.htm">He burns dead men's bones upon the altar of Bethel, as was prophesied.</a> 21. <a href="/2_kings/23-21.htm">He keeps a most solemn Passover.</a> 24. <a href="/2_kings/23-24.htm">He puts away witches and all abomination.</a> 26. <a href="/2_kings/23-26.htm">God's final wrath against Judah.</a> 29. <a href="/2_kings/23-29.htm">Josiah, provoking Pharaoh Neco, is slain at Megiddo.</a> 31. <a href="/2_kings/23-31.htm">Jehoahaz, succeeding him,</a> 33. <a href="/2_kings/23-33.htm">is imprisoned by Pharaoh Neco, who makes Jehoiakim king.</a> 36. <a href="/2_kings/23-36.htm">Jehoiakim's wicked reign.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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The high places were sites of worship located on elevated ground, often used for idolatrous practices. Josiah's actions were part of his efforts to centralize worship in Jerusalem and eliminate idolatry, in accordance with <a href="/deuteronomy/12-2.htm">Deuteronomy 12:2-3</a>, which commands the destruction of pagan worship sites.to the south of the Mount of Corruption The Mount of Corruption, also known as the Mount of Olives, was so named because of the idolatrous practices that took place there. This location was significant as it was close to Jerusalem, highlighting the extent of idolatry that had infiltrated the heart of Judah. The term "corruption" underscores the spiritual decay that Josiah sought to rectify.which King Solomon of Israel had built for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Sidonians King Solomon, despite his wisdom, fell into idolatry later in his reign, influenced by his foreign wives (<a href="/1_kings/11-4.htm">1 Kings 11:4-8</a>). Ashtoreth was a goddess worshiped by the Sidonians, associated with fertility and war. Her worship involved immoral practices, which were considered abominable by the standards of the Mosaic Law.for Chemosh the abomination of the Moabites Chemosh was the national deity of the Moabites, often associated with child sacrifice and other detestable practices. The Moabites were descendants of Lot (<a href="/genesis/19-37.htm">Genesis 19:37</a>), and their worship of Chemosh was a significant point of conflict with Israel. Josiah's destruction of these sites was a fulfillment of the command to eradicate idolatry from the land.and for Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites Milcom, also known as Molech, was the god of the Ammonites, another nation descended from Lot (<a href="/genesis/19-38.htm">Genesis 19:38</a>). Worship of Milcom often involved child sacrifice, which was strictly forbidden in Israel (<a href="/leviticus/18-21.htm">Leviticus 18:21</a>). Josiah's actions were a return to covenant faithfulness, removing the influence of these foreign gods from Judah.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/k/king_josiah.htm">King Josiah</a> The king of Judah who initiated religious reforms to restore the worship of Yahweh and eliminate idolatry. 2. <a href="/topical/h/high_places.htm">High Places</a> Elevated sites where idolatrous worship was conducted, often involving altars and shrines. 3. <a href="/topical/m/mount_of_corruption.htm">Mount of Corruption</a> A location near Jerusalem associated with idolatrous practices, also known as the Mount of Olives. 4. <a href="/topical/k/king_solomon.htm">King Solomon</a> The son of David, who initially built these high places for his foreign wives, leading Israel into idolatry. 5. <a href="/topical/a/ashtoreth,_chemosh,_milcom.htm">Ashtoreth, Chemosh, Milcom</a> Pagan deities worshiped by the Sidonians, Moabites, and Ammonites, respectively, representing the abominations Josiah sought to eradicate.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_purity_in_worship.htm">The Importance of Purity in Worship</a> Josiah's actions remind us that true worship requires the removal of anything that competes with or corrupts our devotion to God. <a href="/topical/t/the_consequences_of_compromise.htm">The Consequences of Compromise</a> Solomon's initial compromise in building high places for his wives' gods led to long-term spiritual decay, illustrating the dangers of allowing sin to take root. <a href="/topical/l/leadership_and_reform.htm">Leadership and Reform</a> Josiah's leadership demonstrates the impact one person can have in leading others back to God, encouraging us to be agents of change in our communities. <a href="/topical/t/the_legacy_of_idolatry.htm">The Legacy of Idolatry</a> The persistence of high places shows how sin can linger across generations, urging us to address and eliminate sin decisively. <a href="/topical/g/god's_call_to_obedience.htm">God's Call to Obedience</a> Josiah's reforms align with God's commands in the Law, highlighting the importance of aligning our lives with Scripture.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_2_kings_23.htm">Top 10 Lessons from 2 Kings 23</a> <a href="/q/what's_hebron's_role_in_the_bible.htm">What were fertility cults in the Bible?</a> <a href="/q/evidence_of_solomon's_pagan_altars.htm">1 Kings 11:7 – Is there any archaeological evidence of the pagan altars and high places that Solomon supposedly built? </a> <a href="/q/who_was_the_deity_chemosh.htm">Who was the deity Chemosh?</a> <a href="/q/why_punish_dual_worship_like_false_worship.htm">In Zephaniah 1:4-5, why would God punish those who worship both Him and other gods in the same exact way as those who purely worship false gods?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/2_kings/23.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(13) The high places that were before the city . . .--See <a href="/context/1_kings/11-5.htm" title="For Solomon went after Ashtoreth the goddess of the Zidonians, and after Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites.">1Kings 11:5-8</a>. "Before" means "to the east of," because, to determine the cardinal points, one faced the sunrise. The right hand was then the south, the left hand the north, and the back the west.The mount of corruption.--The southern summit of the Mount of Olives was so-called, because of the idolatry there practised. It still bears the name of the "Hill of Offence," derived from the Vulg. "mons offensionis." (The word rendered "corruption," mashhith, may originally have meant "anointing," from m?shah "to anoint," and have simply referred to the olive oil there produced. The name would thus be equivalent to the German Oelberg. In later times the term was so modified as to express detestation of idol-worship.)Did the king defile.--As it is not said that they were pulled down, these high places may have been merely sacred sites on the mountain, consisting of a levelled surface of rock, with holes scooped in them for receiving libations, &c. Such sites have been found in Palestine; and it is hardly conceivable that chapels erected by Solomon for the worship of Ashtoreth, Chemosh, and Milcom, would have been spared by such a king as Hezekiah, who even did away with the high places dedicated to Jehovah (<a href="/2_kings/18-3.htm" title="And he did that which was right in the sight of the LORD, according to all that David his father did.">2Kings 18:3</a>).<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/2_kings/23.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 13. - And the high places that were before Jerusalem. The high places which Solomon established in the neighborhood of Jerusalem for the use of his wives, and in the worship at which he became himself entangled in his old age, appear to have been situated on the ridge of the mountain which lies over against Jerusalem to the east, a part of which is Olivet. The southern summit, the traditional roans offensionis, was probably the high place of Moloch (Milcom), while the most northern summit (now called Karem-es-Seyad) has some claim to be regarded as the high place of Chemosh. (So Broeardus in A.D. .) The site of the high place of Ashtoreth is doubtful. Which were on the right hand of the mount of corruption. The name "mount of corruption" seems to have been given after Solomon's time to the entire ridge of hills which lies over against Jerusalem to the east, on account of the rites which he had allowed to be established on it. The "right hand" of the mountain would, according to Jewish notions, be the more southern part. Which Solomon the King of Israel - rather, King of Israel, since there is no article - had builded for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Zidonians (see <a href="/1_kings/11-7.htm">1 Kings 11:7</a>). Though Ashtoreth, or Astarte, or Ishtar, or the Dea Syra, was worshipped generally throughout Phoenicia, and perhaps even more widely, yet she was in a peculiar way "the abomination of the Zidonians," being the deity to whom the city of Sidon was especially dedicated (see the inscription on the tomb of Eshmunazar, published in the 'Records of the Past,' vol. 9. pp. 113, 114). And for Chemosh the abomination of the Moabites. Chemosh appears as the special god of the Moabites on the famous Moabite Stone in eleven places. The stone itself was dedicated to Chemosh (line 3). The Moabites are spoken of as "the people of Chemosh" (lines 5, 6). Success in war comes from him, and defeat is the result of his anger. One of his designations is "Ashtar-Chemosh" (line 17), or "Chemosh, who is also Ashtar," Ashtar being the male principle corresponding to the female Astarte or Ashtoreth. And for Milcom. Moloch was called by the Jews "Milcom," or "Malcam" - "their king" i.e. the king of the Ammonite people, since he was the sole god whom they acknowledged (see <a href="/1_kings/11-5.htm">1 Kings 11:5</a>; <a href="/jeremiah/49-3.htm">Jeremiah 49:3</a> compared with <a href="/jeremiah/48-7.htm">Jeremiah 48:7</a>; <a href="/amos/1-15.htm">Amos 1:15</a>; <a href="/zephaniah/1-5.htm">Zephaniah 1:5</a>). The abomination of the children of Ammon (see <a href="/1_kings/11-5.htm">1 Kings 11:5, 7</a>; and compare the comment on 1 Kings in the 'Pulpit Commentary,' p. 222). Did the king defile. The manner of the defilement is stated in the next verse. <a href="/commentaries/2_kings/23-13.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>The king מֶֽלֶךְ־ (me·leḵ-) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> A king also desecrated טִמֵּ֖א (ṭim·mê) Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2930.htm">Strong's 2930: </a> To be or become unclean the high places הַבָּמ֞וֹת (hab·bā·mō·wṯ) Article | Noun - feminine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1116.htm">Strong's 1116: </a> An elevation east עַל־ (‘al-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> Above, over, upon, against of פְּנֵ֣י (pə·nê) Noun - common plural construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6440.htm">Strong's 6440: </a> The face Jerusalem, יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם (yə·rū·šā·lim) Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3389.htm">Strong's 3389: </a> Jerusalem -- probably 'foundation of peace', capital city of all Israel to the south מִימִ֣ין (mî·mîn) Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3225.htm">Strong's 3225: </a> The right hand, side, the south of the Mount לְהַר־ (lə·har-) Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2022.htm">Strong's 2022: </a> Mountain, hill, hill country of Corruption, הַמַּשְׁחִית֒ (ham·maš·ḥîṯ) Article | Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4889.htm">Strong's 4889: </a> Destructive, destruction which אֲשֶׁר֮ (’ă·šer) Pronoun - relative <a href="/hebrew/strongs_834.htm">Strong's 834: </a> Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that King הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ (ham·me·leḵ) Article | Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> A king Solomon שְׁלֹמֹ֨ה (šə·lō·mōh) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8010.htm">Strong's 8010: </a> Solomon -- David's son and successor to his throne of Israel יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל (yiś·rā·’êl) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3478.htm">Strong's 3478: </a> Israel -- 'God strives', another name of Jacob and his desc had built בָּ֠נָה (bā·nāh) Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1129.htm">Strong's 1129: </a> To build for Ashtoreth לְעַשְׁתֹּ֣רֶת ׀ (lə·‘aš·tō·reṯ) Preposition-l | Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6253.htm">Strong's 6253: </a> Ashtoreth the abomination שִׁקֻּ֣ץ (šiq·quṣ) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8251.htm">Strong's 8251: </a> Disgusting, filthy, idolatrous, an idol of the Sidonians, צִידֹנִ֗ים (ṣî·ḏō·nîm) Noun - proper - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6722.htm">Strong's 6722: </a> Sidonians -- an inhabitant of Sidon for Chemosh וְלִכְמוֹשׁ֙ (wə·liḵ·mō·wōš) Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3645.htm">Strong's 3645: </a> Chemosh -- a god of the Moabites the abomination שִׁקֻּ֣ץ (šiq·quṣ) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8251.htm">Strong's 8251: </a> Disgusting, filthy, idolatrous, an idol of the Moabites, מוֹאָ֔ב (mō·w·’āḇ) Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4124.htm">Strong's 4124: </a> Moab -- a son of Lot,also his descendants and the territory where they settled and for Molech וּלְמִלְכֹּ֖ם (ū·lə·mil·kōm) Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4445.htm">Strong's 4445: </a> Malcham -- a Benjamite the abomination תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת (tō·w·‘ă·ḇaṯ) Noun - feminine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8441.htm">Strong's 8441: </a> Something disgusting, an abhorrence, idolatry, an idol of the Ammonites. בְּנֵֽי־ (bə·nê-) Noun - masculine plural construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> A son <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/2_kings/23-13.htm">2 Kings 23:13 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/2_kings/23-13.htm">2 Kings 23:13 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/2_kings/23-13.htm">2 Kings 23:13 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/2_kings/23-13.htm">2 Kings 23:13 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/2_kings/23-13.htm">2 Kings 23:13 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/2_kings/23-13.htm">2 Kings 23:13 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/2_kings/23-13.htm">2 Kings 23:13 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/2_kings/23-13.htm">2 Kings 23:13 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/2_kings/23-13.htm">2 Kings 23:13 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/2_kings/23-13.htm">2 Kings 23:13 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-13.htm">OT History: 2 Kings 23:13 The high places that were before Jerusalem (2Ki iiKi ii ki 2 kg 2kg) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/2_kings/23-12.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="2 Kings 23:12"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="2 Kings 23:12" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/2_kings/23-14.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="2 Kings 23:14"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="2 Kings 23:14" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>