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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-分析" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#分析"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>分析</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-分析-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-感抗" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#感抗"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>感抗</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-感抗-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-容抗" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#容抗"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>容抗</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-容抗-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考资料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考资料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>参考资料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考资料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">电抗</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。54种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">54种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaktansie" title="Reaktansie – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Reaktansie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A9_%D9%83%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مفاعلة كهربائية – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مفاعلة كهربائية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactancia" title="Reactancia – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Reactancia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Реактивно съпротивление – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Реактивно съпротивление" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/React%C3%A0ncia" title="Reactància – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Reactància" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaktance" title="Reaktance – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Reaktance" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaktans" title="Reaktans – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Reaktans" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blindwiderstand" title="Blindwiderstand – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Blindwiderstand" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B7_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Άεργη αντίσταση – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άεργη αντίσταση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_reactance" title="Electrical reactance – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Electrical reactance" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaktanco" title="Reaktanco – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Reaktanco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactancia" title="Reactancia – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reactancia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaktiivtakistus" title="Reaktiivtakistus – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Reaktiivtakistus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erreaktantzia_elektriko" title="Erreaktantzia elektriko – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erreaktantzia elektriko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="راکتانس الکتریکی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="راکتانس الکتریکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaktanssi" title="Reaktanssi – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Reaktanssi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9actance_(%C3%A9lectricit%C3%A9)" title="Réactance (électricité) – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Réactance (électricité)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freasaitheacht" title="Freasaitheacht – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Freasaitheacht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactancia" title="Reactancia – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Reactancia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%9B%D7%91%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%AA#היגב" title="עכבה חשמלית – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עכבה חשמלית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4" title="वैद्युत प्रतिघात – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वैद्युत प्रतिघात" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dna_reaktancija" title="Električna reaktancija – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Električna reaktancija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medd%C5%91_ellen%C3%A1ll%C3%A1s" title="Meddő ellenállás – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Meddő ellenállás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaktansi_listrik" title="Reaktansi listrik – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Reaktansi listrik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launvi%C3%B0n%C3%A1m" title="Launviðnám – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Launviðnám" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reattanza" title="Reattanza – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Reattanza" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9" title="リアクタンス – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リアクタンス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EC%9D%91%EC%A0%80%ED%95%AD" title="반응저항 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="반응저항" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaktyvioji_var%C5%BEa" title="Reaktyvioji varža – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Reaktyvioji varža" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reakt%C4%ABv%C4%81_pretest%C4%ABba" title="Reaktīvā pretestība – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Reaktīvā pretestība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Реактанса – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Реактанса" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="रियाक्ट्यान्स – 尼瓦尔语" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="रियाक्ट्यान्स" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactantie" title="Reactantie – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Reactantie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaktans" title="Reaktans – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Reaktans" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaktans" title="Reaktans – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Reaktans" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaktancja_(elektryczno%C5%9B%C4%87)" title="Reaktancja (elektryczność) – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Reaktancja (elektryczność)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reat%C3%A2ncia" title="Reatância – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Reatância" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactan%C8%9B%C4%83_electric%C4%83" title="Reactanță electrică – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Reactanță electrică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Реактивное сопротивление – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Реактивное сопротивление" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dna_reaktansa" title="Električna reaktansa – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Električna reaktansa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaktancia" title="Reaktancia – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Reaktancia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaktanca" title="Reaktanca – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Reaktanca" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dna_reaktansa" title="Električna reaktansa – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Električna reaktansa" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9aktansi" title="Réaktansi – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Réaktansi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaktans" title="Reaktans – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Reaktans" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="மின்மறுப்பு – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மின்மறுப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaktansiya" title="Reaktansiya – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Reaktansiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaktans" title="Reaktans – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Reaktans" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Реактив каршылык – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Реактив каршылык" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%80" title="Реактивний опір – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Реактивний опір" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90i%E1%BB%87n_kh%C3%A1ng" title="Điện kháng – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Điện kháng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%8A%97" title="电抗 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="电抗" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%C4%81n-kh%C3%B2ng" title="Tiān-khòng – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiān-khòng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%8A%97" title="電抗 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="電抗" data-language-autonym="粵語" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><p>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB" title="交流電">交流电路</a>（如<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B2%E8%81%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="串聯">串联</a><a href="/wiki/RLC%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="RLC电路">RLC电路</a>）中，<b>电抗</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Reactance</span>）是类似于<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB" title="直流電">直流电路</a>中<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E9%98%BB" title="电阻">电阻</a>对<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%B5%81" title="电流">电流</a>的阻碍作用，用於描述<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AE%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="电容">电容</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%84%9F" title="电感">电感</a>对电流的阻碍作用，其计量单位也是<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E5%A7%86" class="mw-redirect" title="欧姆">欧姆</a>。在交流电路分析中，电抗用 <i>X</i> 表示，是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8D%E6%95%B0_(%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6)" title="复数 (数学)">复数</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BB%E6%8A%97" title="阻抗">阻抗</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%9A%E6%95%B0" title="虚数">虚数</a>部分，用于表示电感及电容对电流的阻碍作用。电抗随着交流电路<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%BB%E7%8E%87_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8)" title="頻率 (物理學)">频率</a>而变化，并引起电路电流与电压的相位变化。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="分析"><span id=".E5.88.86.E6.9E.90"></span>分析</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E6%8A%97&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：分析"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>阻抗即电阻与电抗的总合，用数学形式表示为： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {Z} =\mathbf {R} +j\mathbf {X} ,}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">Z</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">R</mi> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">X</mi> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {Z} =\mathbf {R} +j\mathbf {X} ,}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/96059c1eb79aba97bc4b50d2383e397c0155d61e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:13.2ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {Z} =\mathbf {R} +j\mathbf {X} ,}"></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>Z</i> 即阻抗，单位为欧姆</dd> <dd><i>R</i> 为电阻，单位为欧姆</dd> <dd><i>X</i> 为电抗，单位为欧姆</dd> <dd><i>j</i> 是虚数单位</dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>当 <i>X</i> > 0 时，称为感性电抗</li> <li>当 <i>X</i> = 0 时，阻抗为纯电阻</li> <li>当 <i>X</i> < 0 时，称为容性电抗</li></ul> <p>一般应用中，只需知道阻抗的强度即可： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \left\|Z\right\|={\sqrt[{}]{R^{2}+X^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow> <mo symmetric="true">‖</mo> <mi>Z</mi> <mo symmetric="true">‖</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mroot> <mrow> <msup> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>X</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> </mrow> </mroot> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \left\|Z\right\|={\sqrt[{}]{R^{2}+X^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0b657bd26ad9000b9df0eeb6cea6ebe35c483211" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:18.137ex; height:3.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \left\|Z\right\|={\sqrt[{}]{R^{2}+X^{2}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>对电阻为0的理想纯<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E6%8A%97" class="mw-redirect" title="感抗">感抗</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%B9%E6%8A%97" class="mw-redirect" title="容抗">容抗</a>元件，阻抗强度就是电抗的大小。 </p><p>一般电路的总电抗等于： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X=X_{L}-X_{C}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>X</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>L</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X=X_{L}-X_{C}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b0f7f98fb86b78d3fc03ab31dffb18b11d04613c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:14.6ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X=X_{L}-X_{C}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>其中 <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X_{L}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>L</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{L}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/59f14ed86135c464841bbc6fba36cfb3997df2ab" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.276ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{L}}"></span> 为电路的感抗，<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X_{C}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{C}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bbe98111b842bc759e8ca808cfc6a23d3b2b0317" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.406ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{C}}"></span> 为电路的容抗。 </p><p>現實中，大部份負載都是電感性，例如：<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%8A%E5%A3%93%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="變壓器">變壓器</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8B%95%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="電動機">電動機</a>。定義感抗為正，容抗為負，可以避免負數出現，方便計算。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="感抗"><span id=".E6.84.9F.E6.8A.97"></span>感抗</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E6%8A%97&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：感抗"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>因为电路中存在电感电路（如<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%BF%E5%9C%88" class="mw-redirect" title="线圈">线圈</a>），由此产生的变化的<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E5%9C%BA" title="电磁场">电磁场</a>，会产生相应的阻碍电流变化的<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E7%94%9F%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="感生电动势">感生電動勢</a> 。这个作用称为<b>感抗</b> (<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X_{L}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>L</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{L}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/59f14ed86135c464841bbc6fba36cfb3997df2ab" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.276ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{L}}"></span>) 。电流变化越大，即电路<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%BB%E7%8E%87_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8)" title="頻率 (物理學)">频率</a>越大，感抗越大；当频率变为0，即成为直流电时，感抗也变为0。感抗会引起电流与电压之间的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E4%BD%8D%E5%B7%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="相位差">相位差</a>。感抗可由下面公式计算而来： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X_{L}=\omega L=2\pi fL}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>L</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>L</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>L</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{L}=\omega L=2\pi fL}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a01029033173e630d9e2795da17b2b6e79d5bf6e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:17.857ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{L}=\omega L=2\pi fL}"></span></dd></dl> <p>複數分析中： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X_{L}=j\omega L=j2\pi fL}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>L</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>L</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>L</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{L}=j\omega L=j2\pi fL}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/93796e5d36b5a679ed81dac65a6e189263b4f0ca" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:19.773ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{L}=j\omega L=j2\pi fL}"></span></dd></dl> <p>其中 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle j}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>j</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle j}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2f461e54f5c093e92a55547b9764291390f0b5d0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.027ex; width:0.985ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle j}"></span> 是复数单位</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X_{L}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>L</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{L}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/59f14ed86135c464841bbc6fba36cfb3997df2ab" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.276ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{L}}"></span> 就是感抗，单位为欧姆</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \omega }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ω</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \omega }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/48eff443f9de7a985bb94ca3bde20813ea737be8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.446ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \omega }"></span> 是<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="角速度">角速度</a>，单位为<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A7%E5%BA%A6" title="弧度">弧度</a>/秒</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>f</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/132e57acb643253e7810ee9702d9581f159a1c61" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.279ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f}"></span> 是频率，单位为<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%85%B9" title="赫兹">赫兹</a></dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle L}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>L</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle L}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/103168b86f781fe6e9a4a87b8ea1cebe0ad4ede8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.583ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle L}"></span> 是线圈电感，单位为<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9_(%E9%9B%BB%E6%84%9F)" class="mw-redirect" title="亨利 (電感)">亨利</a></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="容抗"><span id=".E5.AE.B9.E6.8A.97"></span>容抗</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E6%8A%97&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：容抗"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>容抗</b>的概念反映了<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E7%94%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="交流电">交流电</a>可以通过<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AE%B9%E5%99%A8" title="电容器">电容器</a>这一特性，交流电频率越高，容抗越小，即电容的阻碍作用越小。容抗同样会引起电流与电容两端<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="电压">电压</a>的相位差。當频率等於零，容抗無限大，即<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB" title="直流電">直流電</a>不能流過电容器。 </p><p>容抗可由下面公式计算而来： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X_{C}=-(\omega C)^{-1}=-{\frac {1}{\omega C}}=-{\frac {1}{2\pi fC}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>C</mi> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{C}=-(\omega C)^{-1}=-{\frac {1}{\omega C}}=-{\frac {1}{2\pi fC}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a829aa02b88c02517ac33e3b18d4951c95408847" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:35.903ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{C}=-(\omega C)^{-1}=-{\frac {1}{\omega C}}=-{\frac {1}{2\pi fC}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>在交流电的复数分析中，容抗表示为： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X_{C}=(j\omega C)^{-1}={\frac {1}{j\omega C}}=-{\frac {j}{\omega C}}=-{\frac {j}{2\pi fC}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>C</mi> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mi>j</mi> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>j</mi> <mrow> <mi>ω</mi> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>j</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{C}=(j\omega C)^{-1}={\frac {1}{j\omega C}}=-{\frac {j}{\omega C}}=-{\frac {j}{2\pi fC}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/081aa609dada45f23a8134b88dc8bd0b7757dd7a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:43.158ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{C}=(j\omega C)^{-1}={\frac {1}{j\omega C}}=-{\frac {j}{\omega C}}=-{\frac {j}{2\pi fC}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>其中 </p> <ul><li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle j}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>j</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle j}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2f461e54f5c093e92a55547b9764291390f0b5d0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.027ex; width:0.985ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle j}"></span> 是复数单位</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X_{C}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{C}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bbe98111b842bc759e8ca808cfc6a23d3b2b0317" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.406ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{C}}"></span> 是容抗，单位为欧姆</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \omega =2\pi f}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ω</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mi>f</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \omega =2\pi f}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7a1bf35d395c2d52391265e4bbda0aed14f52579" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:8.317ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \omega =2\pi f}"></span> 是角速度，单位为弧度/每秒</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>f</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/132e57acb643253e7810ee9702d9581f159a1c61" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.279ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f}"></span> 是频率，单位为赫兹</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle C}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>C</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle C}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4fc55753007cd3c18576f7933f6f089196732029" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.766ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle C}"></span> 是电容，单位为<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E6%8B%89" title="法拉">法拉</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考资料"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E8.B5.84.E6.96.99"></span>参考资料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E6%8A%97&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：参考资料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Pohl R. W. <i>Elektrizitätslehre.</i> – Berlin-Gottingen-Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 1960.</li> <li>Popov V. P. <i>The Principles of Theory of Circuits.</i> – M.: Higher School, 1985, 496 p. (In Russian).</li> <li>Küpfmüller K. <i>Einführung in die theoretische Elektrotechnik,</i> Springer-Verlag, 1959.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/%E5%8F%98%E5%8E%8B%E5%99%A8" title="变压器">变压器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94" title="電導體">導線</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%84%9F%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6" title="电感元件">電感器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%B5%81%E6%BA%90" title="电流源">电流源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AE%B9%E5%99%A8" title="电容器">电容器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%8B%E6%BA%90" title="电压源">电压源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E9%98%BB%E5%99%A8" title="電阻器">電阻器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E9%97%9C" title="開關">開關</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%90%E7%AE%97%E6%94%BE%E5%A4%A7%E5%99%A8" title="运算放大器">运算放大器</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%A6%E8%81%AF%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF" title="並聯電路">並聯電路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B2%E8%81%AF%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF" title="串聯電路">串聯電路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%9E%E8%A6%8F%E5%AE%9A" title="點規定">點規定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%85%E7%AB%8B%E5%8F%B6%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="傅立叶变换">傅立葉變換</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AF%80%E9%BB%9E%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90" title="節點分析">節點分析</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%99%AE%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2" title="拉普拉斯变换">拉普拉斯變換</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="網目分析" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mesh analysis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%B2%E7%9B%AE%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="網目分析（页面不存在）">網目分析</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesh_analysis" class="extiw" title="en:Mesh analysis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mesh analysis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y-%CE%94%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2" title="Y-Δ变换">星角變換</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="星网变换" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Star-mesh transform"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%9F%E7%BD%91%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="星网变换（页面不存在）">星网变换</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star-mesh_transform" class="extiw" title="en:Star-mesh transform"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Star-mesh transform</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">理論</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A0%E5%8A%A0%E5%AE%9A%E7%90%86_(%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90)" title="叠加定理 (电路分析)">重疊定理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E7%BB%B4%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%9A%E7%90%86" title="戴维南定理">戴维南定理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%88%BE%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="基爾霍夫電路定律">基爾霍夫電路定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%8B%92%E5%AE%9A%E7%90%86" title="密勒定理">密勒定理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E9%A0%93%E5%AE%9A%E7%90%86" title="諾頓定理">諾頓定理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E5%A7%86%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="欧姆定律">欧姆定律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%8B%92%E6%A0%B9%E5%AE%9A%E7%90%86" title="特勒根定理">特勒根定理</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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