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among children</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: diarrhoea among children"> <meta name="keywords" content="diarrhoea among children"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="diarrhoea among children"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3248</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: diarrhoea among children</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3248</span> Diarrheal Management Practices in Children Under Five Years and Its Associated Factors Attending Health Clinic in Kalimantan Timur Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tri%20Murti">Tri Murti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Hanafiah%20Juni"> Muhammad Hanafiah Juni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hejar%20Abdul%20Rahman">Hejar Abdul Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salmiah%20Binti%20Said">Salmiah Binti Said</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The diarrhoeal disease continues to be a leading cause of childhood mortality in countries such as Indonesia, where it is estimated to be responsible for 300,000 deaths annually in children under the age of years. Morbidity survey the Ministry of Health of Indonesia from 2000 to 2010 showed incidence diarrhoea remains a leading cause of infant mortality. Causes of death from diarrhoea is related to poor governance both at home and in health facilities. Despite the improvement of health facilities and government effort to reduce the occurrence of diarrhoea among children and death from diarrhoea, the incidence of diarrhoea among children area still high. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20diarrheal%20disease" title="management diarrheal disease">management diarrheal disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practices%20mother" title=" practices mother"> practices mother</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment" title=" treatment"> treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diarrhoea%20among%20children" title=" diarrhoea among children"> diarrhoea among children</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22883/diarrheal-management-practices-in-children-under-five-years-and-its-associated-factors-attending-health-clinic-in-kalimantan-timur-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22883.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3247</span> Diagnosis of Rotavirus Infection among Egyptian Children by Using Different Laboratory Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20A.%20Alhammad">Mohamed A. Alhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadia%20A.%20Abou-Donia"> Hadia A. Abou-Donia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20H.%20Hashish"> Mona H. Hashish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20N.%20Massoud"> Mohamed N. Massoud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Rotavirus is the leading etiologic agent of severe diarrheal disease in infants and young children worldwide. The present study was aimed 1) to detect rotavirus infection as a cause of diarrhoea among children under 5 years of age using the two serological methods (ELISA and LA) and the PCR technique (2) to evaluate the three methodologies used for human RV detection in stool samples. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on 247 children less than 5 years old, diagnosed clinically as acute gastroenteritis and attending Alexandria University Children Hospital at EL-Shatby. Rotavirus antigen was screened by ELISA and LA tests in all stool samples, whereas only 100 samples were subjected to RT-PCR method for detection of rotavirus RNA. Results: Out of the 247 studied cases with diarrhoea, rotavirus antigen was detected in 83 (33.6%) by ELISA and 73 (29.6%) by LA, while the 100 cases tested by RT-PCR showed that 44% of them had rotavirus RNA. Rotavirus diarrhoea was significantly presented with a marked seasonal peak during autumn and winter (61.4%). Conclusion: The present study confirms the huge burden of rotavirus as a major cause of acute diarrhoea in Egyptian infants and young children. It was concluded that; LA is equal in sensitivity to ELISA, ELISA is more specific than LA, and RT-PCR is more specific than ELISA and LA in diagnosis of rotavirus infection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotavirus" title="rotavirus">rotavirus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diarrhea" title=" diarrhea"> diarrhea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunoenzyme%20techniques" title=" immunoenzyme techniques"> immunoenzyme techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latex%20fixation%20tests" title=" latex fixation tests"> latex fixation tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RT-PCR" title=" RT-PCR"> RT-PCR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21006/diagnosis-of-rotavirus-infection-among-egyptian-children-by-using-different-laboratory-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3246</span> Determinants of Diarrhoea Prevalence Variations in Mountainous Informal Settlements of Kigali City, Rwanda</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dieudonne%20Uwizeye">Dieudonne Uwizeye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Diarrhoea is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among communities living in urban informal settlements of developing countries. It is assumed that mountainous environment introduces variations of the burden among residents of the same settlements. Design and Objective: A cross-sectional study was done in Kigali to explore the effect of mountainous informal settlements on diarrhoea risk variations. Data were collected among 1,152 households through household survey and transect walk to observe the status of sanitation. The outcome variable was the incidence of diarrhoea among household members of any age. The study used the most knowledgeable person in the household as the main respondent. Mostly this was the woman of the house as she was more likely to know the health status of every household member as she plays various roles: mother, wife, and head of the household among others. The analysis used cross tabulation and logistic regression analysis. Results: Results suggest that risks for diarrhoea vary depending on home location in the settlements. Diarrhoea risk increased as the distance from the road increased. The results of the logistic regression analysis indicate the adjusted odds ratio of 2.97 with 95% confidence interval being 1.35-6.55 and 3.50 adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval being 1.61-7.60 in level two and three respectively compared with level one. The status of sanitation within and around homes was also significantly associated with the increase of diarrhoea. Equally, it is indicated that stable households were less likely to have diarrhoea. The logistic regression analysis indicated the adjusted odds ratio of 0.45 with 95% confidence interval being 0.25-0.81. However, the study did not find evidence for a significant association between diarrhoea risks and household socioeconomic status in the multivariable model. It is assumed that environmental factors in mountainous settings prevailed. Households using the available public water sources were more likely to have diarrhoea in their households. Recommendation: The study recommends the provision and extension of infrastructure for improved water, drainage, sanitation and wastes management facilities. Equally, studies should be done to identify the level of contamination and potential origin of contaminants for water sources in the valleys to adequately control the risks for diarrhoea in mountainous urban settings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanisation" title="urbanisation">urbanisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diarrhoea%20risk" title=" diarrhoea risk"> diarrhoea risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mountainous%20environment" title=" mountainous environment"> mountainous environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20informal%20settlements%20in%20Rwanda" title=" urban informal settlements in Rwanda"> urban informal settlements in Rwanda</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94301/determinants-of-diarrhoea-prevalence-variations-in-mountainous-informal-settlements-of-kigali-city-rwanda" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3245</span> The Sensitization Profile of Children Allergic to IgE-mediated Cow's Milk Proteins</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gadiri%20Sabiha">Gadiri Sabiha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction : IgE-dependent cow's milk protein allergy (APLV) is one of the most common allergies in children and is one of the three most common allergies observed in children under 6 years of age. Its natural evolution is most often towards healing. The objective is to determine the sensitization profile of patients allergic to cow's milk (VL). Material and method :A retrospective study carried out on a pediatric population (age < 12 years) over a period of four years (2018-2021) in the context of a suspected food allergy to cow's milk proteins carried out on 121 children aged between 8 months -12 years The search for specific IgE was carried out by immunodot (EUROLINE Pediatric; EUROIMMUN) test which allows a semi-quantitative determination of specific IgE. Results 36 patients (29.7%) had a cow's milk protein allergy (ALPV) with a slight female predominance (58.33% girls vs 41.66% boys) The main clinical signs were: acute diarrhoea; vomiting; Intense abdominal pain, and cutaneous signs (pruritus/urticaria) with respective frequencies of 72%; 58%; 44% and 19%. The 3 major and specific VL allergens identified were beta-lactoglobulin 59% caseins 51% and alpha-lactalbumin 29.7%, The profile of sensitization to LV varies according to age, in infants before 1 year of anti-casein, IgE are predominant 83.3%, followed by beta-lactoglobulin 66.66% and alpha-lactolbumin 50% Conclusion CMPA is a frequent pathology which ranks among the three most common food allergies in children. This is the first to appear, most often starting in infants under 6 months old. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20Ige" title="specific Ige">specific Ige</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20allergy" title=" food allergy"> food allergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cow%20%27s%20milk" title=" cow 's milk"> cow 's milk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child" title=" child"> child</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171775/the-sensitization-profile-of-children-allergic-to-ige-mediated-cows-milk-proteins" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171775.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3244</span> Inhibition of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. By Traditional Phytomedicines That Are Commonly Used to Treat Gastroenteritis in Zimbabwe</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Constance%20Chivengwa">Constance Chivengwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tinashe%20Mandimutsira"> Tinashe Mandimutsira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jephris%20Gere"> Jephris Gere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charles%20Magogo"> Charles Magogo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irene%20Chikanza"> Irene Chikanza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jerneja%20Vidmar"> Jerneja Vidmar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Walter%20Chingwaru"> Walter Chingwaru</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of traditional methods in the management of diarrhoea has remained a common practice among the indigenous African tribes of Southern Africa. Despite the widespread use of traditional medicines in Zimbabwe, very little research validating the activities of phytomedicines against diarrhoea, as claimed by the Shona people of Zimbabwe, has been reported. This study sought to determine the efficacies of the plants that are frequently used to treat stomach complaints, namely Dicoma anomala, Cassia abbreviata, Lannea edulis and Peltophorum africanum against Escherichia coli (an indicator of faecal contamination of water, and whose strains such as EHEC (O157), ETEC and EPEC, are responsible for a number of outbreaks of diarrhoea) and Salmonella spp. Ethanol and aqueous extracts from these plants were obtained, evaporated, dried and stored. The dried extracts were reconstituted and diluted 10-fold in nutrient broth (from 100 to 0.1 microgram/mL) and tested for inhibition against the bacteria. L. edulis exhibited the best antimicrobial effect (minimum inhibition concentration = 10 microgram/mL for both extracts and microorganisms). Runners up to L. edulis were C. abbreviata (20 microgram/mL for both microorganisms) and P. africanum (20 and 30 microgram/mL respectively). Interestingly, D. anomala, which is widely considered panacea in African medicinal practices, showed low antimicrobial activity (60 and 100 microgram/mL respectively). The high antimicrobial activity of L. edulis can be explained by its content of flavonoids, tannins, alkylphenols (cardonol 7 and cardonol 13) and dihydroalkylhexenones. The antimicrobial activities of C. abbreviata can be linked to its content of anthraquinones and triterpenoids. P. africanum is known to contain benzenoids, flavanols, flavonols, terpenes, xanthone and coumarins. This study therefore demonstrated that, among the plants that are used against diarrhoea in African traditional medicine, L. edulis is a clear winner against E. coli and Salmonella spp. Activity guided extraction is encouraged to establish the complement of compounds that have antimicrobial activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diarrhoea" title="diarrhoea">diarrhoea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Escherichia%20coli" title=" Escherichia coli"> Escherichia coli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salmonella" title=" Salmonella"> Salmonella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytomedicine" title=" phytomedicine"> phytomedicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MIC" title=" MIC"> MIC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zimbabwe" title=" Zimbabwe"> Zimbabwe</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52095/inhibition-of-escherichia-coli-and-salmonella-spp-by-traditional-phytomedicines-that-are-commonly-used-to-treat-gastroenteritis-in-zimbabwe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52095.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3243</span> Tempo-Spatial Pattern of Progress and Disparity in Child Health in Uttar Pradesh, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gudakesh%20Yadav">Gudakesh Yadav</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Uttar Pradesh is one of the poorest performing states of India in terms of child health. Using data from the three round of NFHS and two rounds of DLHS, this paper attempts to examine tempo-spatial change in child health and care practices in Uttar Pradesh and its regions. Rate-ratio, CI, multivariate, and decomposition analysis has been used for the study. Findings demonstrate that child health care practices have improved over the time in all regions of the state. However; western and southern region registered the lowest progress in child immunization. Nevertheless, there is no decline in prevalence of diarrhea and ARI over the period, and it remains critically high in the western and southern region. These regions also poorly performed in giving ORS, diarrhoea and ARI treatment. Public health services are least preferred for diarrhoea and ARI treatment. Results from decomposition analysis reveal that rural area, mother’s illiteracy and wealth contributed highest to the low utilization of the child health care practices consistently over the period of time. The study calls for targeted intervention for vulnerable children to accelerate child health care service utilization. Poor performing regions should be targeted and routinely monitored on poor child health indicators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Acute%20Respiratory%20Infection%20%28ARI%29" title="Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI)">Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decomposition" title=" decomposition"> decomposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diarrhea" title=" diarrhea"> diarrhea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inequality" title=" inequality"> inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunization" title=" immunization"> immunization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40706/tempo-spatial-pattern-of-progress-and-disparity-in-child-health-in-uttar-pradesh-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40706.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3242</span> Learning Difficulties of Children with Disabilities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chalise%20Kiran">Chalise Kiran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The learning difficulties of children with disabilities are always a matter of concern when we talk about educational needs and quality education of children with disabilities. This paper is the outcome of the review of the literatures based on the literatures on the educational needs and learning difficulties of children with disabilities. For the paper, different studies written on children with disabilities and their education were collected through search engines. The literature put together was analyzed from the angle of learning difficulties faced by children with disabilities and the same were used as a precursor to arrive at the findings on the learning of the children. The analysis showed that children with disabilities face learning difficulties. The reasons for these difficulties could be attributed to factors in terms of authority, structure, school environment, and behaviors of teachers and parents, and the society as a whole. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children%20with%20disabilities" title="children with disabilities">children with disabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20difficulties" title=" learning difficulties"> learning difficulties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disabled%20children" title=" disabled children"> disabled children</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148186/learning-difficulties-of-children-with-disabilities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148186.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3241</span> Resilience in Children: A Comparative Analysis between Children with and without Parental Supervision Bandar Abbas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Taghinejad">N. Taghinejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Dortaj"> F. Dortaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Khodabandeh"> N. Khodabandeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aimed at comparing resilience among male and female children with and without parental supervision in Bandar Abbas. The sample consists of 200 subjects selected through cluster sampling. The research method was comparative causal and Conner and Davidson’s questionnaire form resilience was used for data collection. Results indicated that there is no difference between children with and without parental supervision regarding their resilience capacity. These findings may be challenging and useful for psychologists, officials of children’s affairs and legislators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resilience" title="resilience">resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children "> children </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children%20with%20parental%20supervision" title="children with parental supervision">children with parental supervision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children%20without%20parental%20supervision" title=" children without parental supervision"> children without parental supervision</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44988/resilience-in-children-a-comparative-analysis-between-children-with-and-without-parental-supervision-bandar-abbas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44988.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3240</span> A Dream to Bicycle: A Curriculum Practice of Thematic Teaching Constructed by Scaffolding Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gu%20Chun-Mei">Gu Chun-Mei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kung%20Mei-Juan"> Kung Mei-Juan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this research is to examine (1) how a kindergarten teacher followed the scaffolding theory to inspire children’s interest in bicycling and (2) how these children had learned the skill of bicycling. Results revealed that: first of all, the teacher (1) used questions during the teaching process to stimulate the levels of children’s abilities; (2) provided follow-up thematic clues and hints which are based on children’s abilities (e.g., would not provide instructions and demonstrations except children continued failing to solve the current problems); (3) assisted only when children needed it. Furthermore, when children continued failing the task and being frustrated, instead of providing more concrete guidance, the teacher would utilize the following strategies: (1) postulating children’s thoughts; (2) encouraging children to feel the difficulties; (3) giving children opportunities to reflect on how to solve the problems. In sum, by raising questions, allowing children to implement by themselves for the first attempt, then inducing children to correct their actions, the teacher built a scaffold with thematic teaching to develop children’s potential on bicycling. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thematic%20teaching" title="thematic teaching">thematic teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaffold" title=" scaffold"> scaffold</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zone%20of%20proximal%20development" title=" zone of proximal development"> zone of proximal development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129248/a-dream-to-bicycle-a-curriculum-practice-of-thematic-teaching-constructed-by-scaffolding-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129248.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3239</span> A Comparative Research on the Development Level of Left-Behind and Non-Left-Behind Children in Rural Areas of Henan Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuying%20Zhu">Yuying Zhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Left-behind children in rural areas are vulnerable groups with the course of our country’s urbanization. Left-behind young children in rural area separate from their parents in their early childhood, vicegerent guardian’s care are less sensitive and careful than children’s parents; they give less concern to children’s verbal development, this makes the verbal problem of the left-behind children to be ubiquitous problem. This study chooses four kindergartens from the east the middle and the west of the Henan Province, explore the verbal development differences between the left-behind young children and the non-left-behind young rural children through the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities (MSCA) and self-made questionnaires. The study shows that there is no significant difference between the left-behind young children and the non-left-behind young rural children in the verbal development, though the marks in primary class and middle class the non-left-behind young rural children is higher, but, the top class in the kindergarten is not. What’s more, the emergent reading and the economy have significant influence on young children’s verbal ability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=left-behind%20children" title="left-behind children">left-behind children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-left-behind%20children" title=" non-left-behind children"> non-left-behind children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20difference" title=" regional difference"> regional difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=verbal%20development" title=" verbal development"> verbal development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93053/a-comparative-research-on-the-development-level-of-left-behind-and-non-left-behind-children-in-rural-areas-of-henan-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93053.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3238</span> Educating Children with the Child-Friendly Smartphone Operation System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wildan%20Maulana%20Wildan">Wildan Maulana Wildan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Annisa%20Rahmayani%20Icha"> Siti Annisa Rahmayani Icha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays advances in information technology are needed by all the inhabitants of the earth for the sake of ease all their work, but it is worth to introduced the technological advances in the world of children. Before the technology is growing rapidly, children busy with various of traditional games and have high socialization. Moreover, after it presence, almost all of children spend more their time for playing gadget, It can affect the education of children and will change the character and personality children. However, children also can not be separated with the technology. Because the technology insight knowledge of children will be more extensive. Because the world can not be separated with advances in technology as well as with children, there should be developed a smartphone operating system that is child-friendly. The operating system is able to filter contents that do not deserve children, even in this system there is a reminder of a time study, prayer time and play time for children and there are interactive contents that will help the development of education and children's character. Children need technology, and there are some ways to introduce it to children. We must look at the characteristics of children in different environments. Thus advances in technology can be beneficial to the world children and their parents, and educators do not have to worry about advances in technology. We should be able to take advantage of advances in technology best possible. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20technology" title="information technology">information technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smartphone%20operating%20system" title=" smartphone operating system"> smartphone operating system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=character" title=" character"> character</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54719/educating-children-with-the-child-friendly-smartphone-operation-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54719.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">512</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3237</span> Evaluating and Examining Pictures of Children of Five Years Old</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emine%20Y%C4%B1lmaz%20Bolat">Emine Yılmaz Bolat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Early childhood is a very important period in terms of identifying and developing early skills and abilities. It is likely that the child's development will be in the same direction in the future. This study was conducted with 26 children for the purpose of examining pictures of children of five years old. In the survey, children were asked to draw a picture with pastel dyes. The drawings were collected and evaluated by the researcher. At the end of the research, it was found that the children used the yellow color (N = 17, 16,34%) and the least gray color (N = 1, 0,96%). When the features of children's pictures are examined, the children's paintings have been found to have hierarchy, transparency, completion, the use of vivid colors, and the presence of vertical and horizontal painting lines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=early%20childhood" title="early childhood">early childhood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kindergarten" title=" kindergarten"> kindergarten</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pictures%20of%20children" title=" pictures of children"> pictures of children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=features%20of%20pictures" title=" features of pictures"> features of pictures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68252/evaluating-and-examining-pictures-of-children-of-five-years-old" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68252.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3236</span> A General Overview on Izadis Children's Right Situation in Iraqi Kurdistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shabnam%20Dadparvar">Shabnam Dadparvar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laijin%20Shen"> Laijin Shen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Undoubtedly, children are one of the biggest assets of any society and it is the duty of all officials to have a systematic plan to educate the next generation and make a better life for children so that they can progress and be effective for their communities. In an effort, Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) has adopted standards to improve the condition for Izadis children; however, there are challenges that remain; such as: Izadis child abuse, Izadis child labor, Izadis children right’s law, orphans, Izadis street children and etc. In this paper, by a descriptive-analytical method the authors try to discuss the general situation of Izadis children in today s Iraqi Kurdistan and the issues such as drug abuse, Izadis child labor, orphans and Izadis street children. The questions are: How is the situation of Izadis children in Iraqi Kurdistan and what are their challenges? Also, what is the KRG’s strategy and through which ways, they can make a better life for minority children and change their current status? The authors believe that nowadays, the KRG is trying to crack down on problems against Izadis children; however, their effort is not adequate and some other activities should be performed; one of which is passing the Izadis children s law against violence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children%20right" title="children right">children right</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iraqi%20Kurdistan" title=" Iraqi Kurdistan"> Iraqi Kurdistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izadis%20children" title=" Izadis children"> Izadis children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kurdistan%20Regional%20Government" title=" Kurdistan Regional Government"> Kurdistan Regional Government</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50885/a-general-overview-on-izadis-childrens-right-situation-in-iraqi-kurdistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50885.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3235</span> Young Children’s Use of Representations in Problem Solving </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamariah%20Abu%20Bakar">Kamariah Abu Bakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jennifer%20Way"> Jennifer Way</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigated how young children (six years old) constructed and used representations in mathematics classroom; particularly in problem solving. The purpose of this study is to explore the ways children used representations in solving addition problems and to determine whether their representations can play a supportive role in understanding the problem situation and solving them correctly. Data collection includes observations, children’s artifact, photographs and conversation with children during task completion. The results revealed that children were able to construct and use various representations in solving problems. However, they have certain preferences in generating representations to support their problem solving. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=young%20children" title="young children">young children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=representations" title=" representations"> representations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=addition" title=" addition"> addition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=problem%20solving" title=" problem solving"> problem solving</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40756/young-childrens-use-of-representations-in-problem-solving" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40756.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3234</span> Barriers and Strategies for Effective Communication between Parents and Children in the Family</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadhana%20Ghnayiem">Sadhana Ghnayiem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article deals with the issue of effective communication between parents and children and its impact on the family in general and on the child in particular. The aim of this article is to provide information to parents, students, anyone interested in family communication between parents and children, and to provide them with tools to deal with barriers to communication in the family unit. The article presented a literature review of the importance of effective communication in the family, the definition of the concept of communication, and was a reference to factors and barriers in communication between parents and children leading to conflict destructive to the extent that barriers to effective communication in the family unit. At the end of the article, strategies were introduced to motivate children to behave appropriately, and to equip parents best to foster the healthy development of their children when they can create an atmosphere of effective communication. From the literature review, it's found that effective communication between parents and children prevents problematic behavior and helps children understand how to communicate effectively with others. Communication between parents and children is the cornerstone of a happy family life and is the basis for positive interactions between parents and children and increases self-esteem in children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title="children">children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflict" title=" conflict"> conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family" title=" family"> family</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92072/barriers-and-strategies-for-effective-communication-between-parents-and-children-in-the-family" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92072.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3233</span> Ethical Issues around Online Marketing to Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chris%20Preston">Chris Preston</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As we devise ever more sophisticated methods of on-line marketing, devising systems that are able to reach into the everyday lives of consumers, we are confronted by a generation of children who face unprecedented intervention by commercial organisations into young minds, via electronic devices, and whether by computer, tablet or phone, such children have been somehow reduced to the status of their devices, with little regard for their well being as individuals. This discussion paper seeks to draw attention to such practice and questions the ethics of digital marketing methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20marketing%20to%20children" title="online marketing to children">online marketing to children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20research%20of%20children" title=" online research of children"> online research of children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20targeting%20of%20children" title=" online targeting of children"> online targeting of children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20rights" title=" consumer rights"> consumer rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethics" title=" ethics"> ethics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32753/ethical-issues-around-online-marketing-to-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32753.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3232</span> Translanguaging In Preschools: New Evidence from Polish-English Bilingual Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Judyta%20Pawliszko">Judyta Pawliszko</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study draws on the theoretical framework of translanguaging. It investigates translanguaging patterns and how meaning-making processes among bilingual children in preschool are affected by using two different languages, 8 months of observation and 200 hours of vocal recordings of children (3-6 years old) provide data on bilingual children’s linguistic repertoire why children translanguage, and how they achieve understanding with the strategic use of the two languages. The data gathered point to translanguaging as a practice that maximizes meaning-making processes among preschool bilingual children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translanguaging" title="translanguaging">translanguaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilingualism" title=" bilingualism"> bilingualism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preschool" title=" preschool"> preschool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polish-english%20bilingual%20children" title=" polish-english bilingual children"> polish-english bilingual children</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159703/translanguaging-in-preschools-new-evidence-from-polish-english-bilingual-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159703.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3231</span> A Study on Children's Literature for Multiracial Asian American Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaori%20Mori%20Want">Kaori Mori Want</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> American society is a racially diverse society and there are children books that tell the importance of respecting racial differences. Through reading books, children understand the world around them little by little along with their direct interaction with the world in reality. They find role models in books, strive to be like role models, and grow confidence in who they are. Books thus nurture the mind of children. On the other hand, because of their small presence, children books for multiracial Asian American children are scarce. Multiracial Asian American population is increasing but they are still minority in number. The lack of children’s books for these children may deprive the opportunities of them to embrace their multiraciality positively because they cannot find someone like them in any books. Children books for multiracial Asian American are still not that many, but a few have been being published recently. This paper introduces children books for multiracial Asian American children, and examines how they address issues pertaining to these children, and how they could nurture their self-esteem. Many states of the US used to ban interracial marriages and interracial families and their children once were discriminated against in American society. There was even a theory called the hybrid degeneracy theory which claimed that mixed race children were inferior mentally and physically. In this negative social environment, some multiracial Asian American people report that they had trouble embracing their multiracial identity positively. Yet, children books for these children are full of positive messages. This paper will argue the importance of children books for the mental growth of multiracial Asian American children, and how these books can contribute to the development of multiculturalism in the US in general. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20mixed%20race%20studies%20in%20the%20US" title="critical mixed race studies in the US">critical mixed race studies in the US</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hapa%20children%20literature" title=" hapa children literature"> hapa children literature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interracial%20marriage" title=" interracial marriage"> interracial marriage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiraciality" title=" multiraciality"> multiraciality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50767/a-study-on-childrens-literature-for-multiracial-asian-american-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50767.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3230</span> Intervention Programs for Children of Divorced Parents: Presentation of the Children’s Support Group Developed in Belgium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Therese%20Scali">Therese Scali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Couple separations and divorces seem to be commonplace events. However, their frequency does not reduce their impact. Indeed, the adverse effects of parental divorce on children have been well documented. Thus, supporting the children from divorced families is a key concern. Several preventive interventions have been developed for children of divorced parents, such as Children’s Support Group. The present paper aims at presenting the program that has been created in Liege (Belgium). The setting and the tools will be presented. This Children’s Support Group is based on psychoeducational and systemic principles, art-therapy, and aims at acquiring coping skills and seeking social support. Also, the effectiveness of the program will be discussed. Results show that after parental divorce, a group intervention for children can be efficacious in promoting children’s well-being and parent-child communication. This paper contributes to enrich the understanding of children’s needs and to highlight the existence and efficacy of a program that helps them overcome the difficulties of divorce. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=art-therapy" title="art-therapy">art-therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children%E2%80%99s%20support%20group" title=" children’s support group"> children’s support group</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=divorce" title=" divorce"> divorce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficacy" title=" efficacy"> efficacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=separation" title=" separation"> separation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103715/intervention-programs-for-children-of-divorced-parents-presentation-of-the-childrens-support-group-developed-in-belgium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3229</span> Deceptive Behaviors of Young Children in a Guessing Game</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Desiderio%20S.%20Camitan%20IV">Desiderio S. Camitan IV</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The standard view of lay people in the Philippine society is that young children do not lie and that if they do, their lies are easily detectable. The present study investigated the deceptive behaviors of 373 children aged 2-8 using the temptation resistance paradigm. Children were instructed that they will participate in a game where they are to guess the color of a candy placed inside a downward facing cup. After the instruction was given to them, they are left alone in a room with the cup on top of a table for 15 minutes. The researcher observed the number of children who peeked at the card as well as number of those who confessed to the said act. Age, gender, IQ, and having autism seem to influence the frequency of peeking and confession of the participants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cheating" title="cheating">cheating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lying" title=" lying"> lying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dishonesty" title=" dishonesty"> dishonesty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=young%20children" title=" young children"> young children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guessing%20game" title=" guessing game"> guessing game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism" title=" autism"> autism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80619/deceptive-behaviors-of-young-children-in-a-guessing-game" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80619.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">556</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3228</span> Animated Movies and Violence: A Participant Observatory Research on Nigerian Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uchenna%20Bella%20Onu">Uchenna Bella Onu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Violence has become a deadly plague in Nigeria and is spreading at an alarming rate. There is every indication that in a normal person, violence is not inborn but learned. Animated movies, which are designed to amuse and entertain children may contain a level of violence. These violent animated movies may affect the susceptible minds of children. This paper examines the effect of selected animated movies on Nigerian children. Sample is on Nigerian children aged seven and below. Method explored is participant observation with visual arts and visual technologies in a natural and familiar environment. Visual arts are used to draw out the innermost feelings of the young children. Findings show that animated movies have strong effect on Nigerian children. Whether the effect will be negative or positive depends largely on the content of the animated movies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animated%20movies" title="animated movies">animated movies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drawings" title=" drawings"> drawings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigerian%20children" title=" Nigerian children"> Nigerian children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=videos" title=" videos"> videos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=violence" title=" violence"> violence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43706/animated-movies-and-violence-a-participant-observatory-research-on-nigerian-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43706.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3227</span> Appraisal of Parents' Views and Supervision of Their Children's Use of Information Communication Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olabisi%20Adedigba">Olabisi Adedigba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is a fundamental truth that Information Communication Technology (ICT) lies at the very heart of our today’s society and determines its development. The use of ICT has given a boost to the educational and mental development of an average pupil of this age far above their counterparts who lived centuries ago. Nevertheless, the present age children stand the risk of the scourge of this technology if proactive measures are not taken urgently to arrest the damages of its negative use on them. One of the measures that can be taken is supervision of children’s use of ICT. This research therefore investigated parents’ views and supervision of their children’s use of Information Communication Technology. Descriptive design was adopted for this study. 300 parents were randomly selected. “Parents’ Views and Supervision of Children’s Use of ICT” was used to collect data for the study. Data collected were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation and t-test. The result revealed that parents’ view of their children’s use of ICT is negative while supervision of their children’s use of ICT is low. Recommendations were thus offered that schools and other stakeholders should educate parents on children’s proper utilization of ICT and parents are urged to maintain adequate supervision on their children use of ICT. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=appraisal%20of%20parents%E2%80%99%20views%20and%20supervision" title="appraisal of parents’ views and supervision">appraisal of parents’ views and supervision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children%E2%80%99s%20use" title=" children’s use"> children’s use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20communication%20technology" title=" information communication technology"> information communication technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=t-test" title=" t-test"> t-test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23859/appraisal-of-parents-views-and-supervision-of-their-childrens-use-of-information-communication-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23859.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">510</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3226</span> Visual Improvement with Low Vision Aids in Children with Stargardt’s Disease</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anum%20Akhter">Anum Akhter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumaira%20Altaf"> Sumaira Altaf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: To study the effect of low vision devices i.e. telescope and magnifying glasses on distance visual acuity and near visual acuity of children with Stargardt’s disease. Setting: Low vision department, Alshifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Methods: 52 children having Stargardt’s disease were included in the study. All children were diagnosed by pediatrics ophthalmologists. Comprehensive low vision assessment was done by me in Low vision clinic. Visual acuity was measured using ETDRS chart. Refraction and other supplementary tests were performed. Children with Stargardt’s disease were provided with different telescopes and magnifying glasses for improving far vision and near vision. Results: Out of 52 children, 17 children were males and 35 children were females. Distance visual acuity and near visual acuity improved significantly with low vision aid trial. All children showed visual acuity better than 6/19 with a telescope of higher magnification. Improvement in near visual acuity was also significant with magnifying glasses trial. Conclusions: Low vision aids are useful for improvement in visual acuity in children. Children with Stargardt’s disease who are having a problem in education and daily life activities can get help from low vision aids. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stargardt" title="Stargardt">Stargardt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=s%20disease" title="s disease">s disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20vision%20aids" title=" low vision aids"> low vision aids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=telescope" title=" telescope"> telescope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnifiers" title=" magnifiers"> magnifiers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24382/visual-improvement-with-low-vision-aids-in-children-with-stargardts-disease" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24382.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">538</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3225</span> Health Status and Psychology Wellbeing of Street Children in Kuala Lumpur</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabri%20Sulaiman">Sabri Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Hajar%20Abu%20Bakar%20Ah"> Siti Hajar Abu Bakar Ah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haris%20Abd%20Wahab"> Haris Abd Wahab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Street children is a global phenomenon and declared as a social problem by social researcher and scholars across the world. The insecure street environment exposes street children into various risk factors. One of them is the health and psychological problem. The objective of this study is to assess the health problem and psychological wellbeing of street children in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The cross-sectional study involved 303 street children in Chow Kit, Kuala Lumpur. The study confirmed that the majority (95.7%) of street children who participated in the study have a health problem. The findings also demonstrated that the majority of them have issues related to their psychological wellbeing. The inputs from this study are instrumental for the suggestion of specific intervention to improve the health and psychology wellbeing of street children in Malaysia. Agencies which are responsible for the street children well-being can utilise the inputs to framing and improving the social care programmes for the children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20children" title="street children">street children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20status" title=" health status"> health status</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychology%20wellbeing" title=" psychology wellbeing"> psychology wellbeing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homeless" title=" homeless"> homeless</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107193/health-status-and-psychology-wellbeing-of-street-children-in-kuala-lumpur" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107193.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3224</span> Evaluating Imitation Behavior of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Humanoid Robot NAO</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masud%20Karim">Masud Karim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Solaiman%20Mia"> Md. Solaiman Mia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saifuddin%20Md.%20Tareeq"> Saifuddin Md. Tareeq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Hasanuzzaman"> Md. Hasanuzzaman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopment disorder. Such disorder is found in childhood life. Children with ASD have less capabilities in communication and social skills. Therapies are used to develop communication and social skills. Recently researchers have been trying to use robots in such therapies. In this paper, we have presented social skill learning test cases for children with ASD. Autism conditions are measured in 30 children in a special school. Among them, twelve children are selected who have equal ASD conditions. Then six children participated in training with humans, and another six children participated in training with robots. The learning session continued for one week and three hours each day. We have taken an assessment test before the learning sessions. After completing the learning sessions, we have taken another assessment test. We have found better performances from children who have participated in robotic sessions rather than the children who have participated in human sessions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children%20with%20ASD" title="children with ASD">children with ASD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NAO%20robot" title=" NAO robot"> NAO robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human-robot%20interaction" title=" human-robot interaction"> human-robot interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20skills" title=" social skills"> social skills</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163452/evaluating-imitation-behavior-of-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorder-using-humanoid-robot-nao" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163452.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3223</span> Rural-Urban Education Gap and Left-Behind Children Education in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiawei%20Liang">Jiawei Liang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Against the backdrop of China's burgeoning migration from rural to urban areas, a demographic group has emerged in China, which is called left-behind children. Due to many reasons, including the issue of the rural-urban education gap, the education of left-behind children has been below the national education average. In this situation, the issue has attracted the attention of researchers and policymakers. In order to gain a comprehensive understanding of this issue, this paper adopts an analytical approach to studying the rural-urban education gap and left-behind children in rural China. The paper first introduces the current situation of migration, the education gap, and left-behind children within China. Then, it further explores the causes of these two questions and barriers as well as the consequences for left-behind children. Finally, the study offers some suggestions to alleviate the urban-rural gap and the current situation of education for left-behind children in rural areas, which will hopefully shed light on the issue of left-behind children in China and the urban-rural education gap. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=left-behind%20children" title="left-behind children">left-behind children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20China" title=" rural China"> rural China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20improvement" title=" education improvement"> education improvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hukou%20policy" title=" Hukou policy"> Hukou policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural-urban%20education%20gap" title=" rural-urban education gap"> rural-urban education gap</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157983/rural-urban-education-gap-and-left-behind-children-education-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">104</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3222</span> Eating Habits of Children Aged 10-15 Years in Reference to Nutrition Status </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hetma%C5%84czyk">M. Hetmańczyk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Polaniak"> R. Polaniak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Bruka%C5%82o"> K. Brukało</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Grochowska-Niedworok"> E. Grochowska-Niedworok</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Eating behaviours of people are determined by knowledge gained at different stages of life. Children’s diet is especially important. They have to eat meals regularly. Meals should consist of protein, carbohydrates and fat, and drinking the right amount of water. Mistakes in children’s diets affect their health and may lead to health issues such as diabetes, overweight, obesity or malnutrition. The aim of the study was to assess the eating habits among 10-15-year-old children. To achieve this aim, the study included children aged 10-15 years living in Silesia Province, Poland; the participants consisted of 52.08% girls and 47.92% boys. Authorial questionnaire contains 28 questions about eating habits. The results of 192 students were subjected to analysis. The results show that half of the surveyed students participated in physical activity every day. Most children ate 4-5 meals every day, but the breaks between them were too long (four and more hours). Children generally ate cooked meals. Most children ate first breakfast every day, but only one third of studied children ate a second breakfast daily, while 93.75% ate vegetables at least once a day, 94.79% ate fruit at least once a day, and 79.17% drink a daily glass of milk or more. The study found that the eating behaviours of the surveyed children were unsatisfying. While the children did not participate in physical activity often enough, girls took part slightly more often. Children eat second breakfast not often enough. Younger children (10-12 years old) are doing it more often than the older children (13-15 years old). Gender is not a determinant of the frequency of second breakfast consumption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eating%20habits" title="eating habits">eating habits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diet" title=" diet"> diet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrition%20status" title=" nutrition status"> nutrition status</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106981/eating-habits-of-children-aged-10-15-years-in-reference-to-nutrition-status" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106981.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">174</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3221</span> Usability Testing with Children: BatiKids Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hestiasari%20Rante">Hestiasari Rante</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leonardo%20De%20Ara%C3%BAjo"> Leonardo De Araújo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heidi%20Schelhowe"> Heidi Schelhowe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Usability testing with children is similar in many aspects to usability testing with adults. However, there are a few differences that one needs to be aware of in order to get the most out of the sessions, and to ensure that children are comfortable and enjoying the process. This paper presents the need to acquire methodological knowledge for involving children as test users in usability testing, with consideration on Piaget’s theory of cognitive growth. As a case study, we use BatiKids, an application developed to evoke children’s enthusiasm to be involved in culture heritage preservation. The usability test was applied to 24 children from 9 to 10 years old. The children were divided into two groups; one interacted with the application through a graphic tablet with pen, and the other through touch screen. Both of the groups had to accomplish the same amount of tasks. In the end, children were asked to give feedback. The results suggested that children who interacted using the graphic tablet with pen had more difficulties rather than children who interacted through touch screen. However, the difficulty brought by the graphic tablet with pen is an important learning objective in order to understand the difficulties of using <em>canting</em>, which is an important part of batik. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=batikids" title="batikids">batikids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child-computer%20interaction" title=" child-computer interaction"> child-computer interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability%20test" title=" usability test"> usability test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53176/usability-testing-with-children-batikids-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53176.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3220</span> Cannabis for the Treatment of Drug Resistant Epilepsy in Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20E.%20Casey">Sarah E. Casey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder in children and approximately one-third of children with epilepsy have seizures that are uncontrolled on anticonvulsants alone. Cannabidiol is shown to be an effective treatment at reducing the amount of breakthrough seizures experienced by children with drug resistant epilepsy. Improvements in quality of life and overall condition were noted during cannabidiol treatment. Adverse side effects were experienced and were generally mild to moderate in nature. Additional double-blind, controlled studies with a more diverse sample population and standardized dosing are needed to ensure the efficacy and safety of cannabidiol use in children with drug resistant epilepsy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cannabis" title="cannabis">cannabis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20resistant%20epilepsy" title=" drug resistant epilepsy"> drug resistant epilepsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epilepsy" title=" epilepsy"> epilepsy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140303/cannabis-for-the-treatment-of-drug-resistant-epilepsy-in-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140303.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3219</span> Child-Friendly Cities: A Child's Participation in the Local Government to Improve the Status of Rights of the Child </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Khalid">Asma Khalid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Children’s drawings are unique as children are. Children manifest their happiness, sadness, future dreams, likes, dislikes through drawings. Research with children aged 8-12 was conducted in 2017 in which it was asked to them ‘what they think about child-friendly cities?’ The focus was to get ideas from children about the cities in which they live and what they want in their cities. The research was conducted in different private schools. Children were accessed through teachers and principals of the schools (the gatekeepers). Consent forms were developed for children which contained information about the research project and their consent was taken on paper. It was ensured that children are not forced to take part in the research and they can leave the research whenever they want, without informing anyone. The qualitative participatory approach was taken where children were given papers and colors to draw their ideas. During the research, it was found that children are interested in showing their emotions and liking through drawing as this medium seems easy and comfortable to them as compared to have the individual face to face interviews or participate in surveys. However, the clarity of the ideas presented in the drawings was discussed at length with children in their school’s premises. Results of the research show that children like to live in clean, green places which are also safe for them. Furthermore, they want to live with their families and want to have recreational activities including parks in their nearby vicinity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualitative%20participative%20research%20clean" title="qualitative participative research clean">qualitative participative research clean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drawing" title=" drawing"> drawing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clean" title=" clean"> clean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20and%20protected%20place" title=" green and protected place"> green and protected place</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family" title=" family"> family</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88220/child-friendly-cities-a-childs-participation-in-the-local-government-to-improve-the-status-of-rights-of-the-child" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88220.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">195</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diarrhoea%20among%20children&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diarrhoea%20among%20children&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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