CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="description" content="Research, Development & Innovation" /> <meta name="keywords" content="space research" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_en" /> <meta http-equiv="content-language" content="en" /> <meta property="og:determiner" content="auto" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Defence Industry and Space" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_en" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Research, Development and Innovation" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Research, Development & Innovation" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Research, Development & Innovation" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Research, Development and Innovation" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_en" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/profiles/contrib/ewcms/modules/ewcms_seo/assets/images/ec-socialmedia-fallback.png" /> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="Defence Industry and Space" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/profiles/contrib/ewcms/modules/ewcms_seo/assets/images/ec-socialmedia-fallback.png" /> <meta name="twitter:image:alt" content="Defence Industry and Space" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <script type="application/json">{"service":"etrans","renderAs":false,"user":"Defence Industry and Space","exclude":".ecl-site-header__language-item,.ecl-site-header__language-selector,.toolbar","languages":{"source":"en","available":["en"]},"config":{"live":false,"mode":"lc2023","targets":{"receiver":"#webtools-etrans"}}}</script> <script type="application/json">{"service":"preview","position":"before"}</script> <link rel="icon" href="/profiles/contrib/ewcms/themes/ewcms_theme/images/favicons/ec/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_en" /> <link rel="icon" href="/profiles/contrib/ewcms/themes/ewcms_theme/images/favicons/ec/favicon.svg" type="image/svg+xml" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/profiles/contrib/ewcms/themes/ewcms_theme/images/favicons/ec/favicon.png" /> <title>Research, Development and Innovation - European Commission</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_PrDHNlFN17JuBuLXaaJ2A3Sn3bhSRookoVAdnDvmsAQ.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=ewcms_theme&include=eJxtTm0OwiAMvRAZRyIddK4RaFPKlNtLdIsx8d_L-2YMtmNBH7kIV6wWMq0KOgJG10YzLH6Fho4vpyhVc_iIpZ3MRphTwKehVsiBItcf_cRD-KYg-_gjzojNgj7jmeq9OQGFt7v5pF0gL19m6VX6mqntmFzBRBDgEFaD7C8QDkrIy8ZawOaxz-Z1hTkbyQv7y2UU" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_Pttmcv7xhpW0ETqUi7Qomhq34I2ifHaYdReuQqNND2o.css?delta=1&language=en&theme=ewcms_theme&include=eJxtTm0OwiAMvRAZRyIddK4RaFPKlNtLdIsx8d_L-2YMtmNBH7kIV6wWMq0KOgJG10YzLH6Fho4vpyhVc_iIpZ3MRphTwKehVsiBItcf_cRD-KYg-_gjzojNgj7jmeq9OQGFt7v5pF0gL19m6VX6mqntmFzBRBDgEFaD7C8QDkrIy8ZawOaxz-Z1hTkbyQv7y2UU" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_7QcAxhotFVFN9W9dGmlG7zE3pZXCET5FSJOPFMXwlBw.css?delta=2&language=en&theme=ewcms_theme&include=eJxtTm0OwiAMvRAZRyIddK4RaFPKlNtLdIsx8d_L-2YMtmNBH7kIV6wWMq0KOgJG10YzLH6Fho4vpyhVc_iIpZ3MRphTwKehVsiBItcf_cRD-KYg-_gjzojNgj7jmeq9OQGFt7v5pF0gL19m6VX6mqntmFzBRBDgEFaD7C8QDkrIy8ZawOaxz-Z1hTkbyQv7y2UU" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_Zg7Jky3bMf-PHxkMmZ0GyLWZMaTDEZjXYWREE3s48ug.css?delta=3&language=en&theme=ewcms_theme&include=eJxtTm0OwiAMvRAZRyIddK4RaFPKlNtLdIsx8d_L-2YMtmNBH7kIV6wWMq0KOgJG10YzLH6Fho4vpyhVc_iIpZ3MRphTwKehVsiBItcf_cRD-KYg-_gjzojNgj7jmeq9OQGFt7v5pF0gL19m6VX6mqntmFzBRBDgEFaD7C8QDkrIy8ZawOaxz-Z1hTkbyQv7y2UU" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_2KTBRf4DlX7r76jm2fP67ZvMnp_0NL2o1ogQvckJ4e0.css?delta=4&language=en&theme=ewcms_theme&include=eJxtTm0OwiAMvRAZRyIddK4RaFPKlNtLdIsx8d_L-2YMtmNBH7kIV6wWMq0KOgJG10YzLH6Fho4vpyhVc_iIpZ3MRphTwKehVsiBItcf_cRD-KYg-_gjzojNgj7jmeq9OQGFt7v5pF0gL19m6VX6mqntmFzBRBDgEFaD7C8QDkrIy8ZawOaxz-Z1hTkbyQv7y2UU" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_gPNbsJmRfLRMGuae8N94c04DpvNwpWlXiBDNtwYaUVU.css?delta=5&language=en&theme=ewcms_theme&include=eJxtTm0OwiAMvRAZRyIddK4RaFPKlNtLdIsx8d_L-2YMtmNBH7kIV6wWMq0KOgJG10YzLH6Fho4vpyhVc_iIpZ3MRphTwKehVsiBItcf_cRD-KYg-_gjzojNgj7jmeq9OQGFt7v5pF0gL19m6VX6mqntmFzBRBDgEFaD7C8QDkrIy8ZawOaxz-Z1hTkbyQv7y2UU" /> </head> <body class="language-en ecl-typography path-node page-node-type-landing-page"> <a href="#main-content" class="ecl-link ecl-link--primary ecl-skip-link" id="skip-id" >Skip to main content</a> <div id="cck_here"></div> <script type="application/json">{"utility":"globan","theme":"light","logo":true,"link":true,"mode":false}</script> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <header class="ecl-site-header ecl-site-header--has-menu" data-ecl-auto-init="SiteHeader" > <div class="ecl-site-header__header"> <div class="ecl-site-header__background"> <div class="ecl-site-header__header"> <div class="ecl-site-header__container ecl-container"> <div class="ecl-site-header__top" data-ecl-site-header-top> <a class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__logo-link" href="https://commission.europa.eu/index_en" aria-label="Home - European Commission" data-aria-label-en="Home - European Commission" > <picture class="ecl-picture ecl-site-header__picture" title="European Commission" ><source srcset="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/logo/positive/logo-ec--en.svg" media="(min-width: 996px)" ><img class="ecl-site-header__logo-image" src="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/logo/logo-ec--mute.svg" alt="European Commission logo" ></picture> </a> <div class="ecl-site-header__action"> <div class="ecl-site-header__language"><a class="ecl-button ecl-button--tertiary ecl-site-header__language-selector" href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_en" data-ecl-language-selector role="button" aria-label="Change language, current language is English - en" aria-controls="language-list-overlay" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-icon"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-site-header__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="false" role="img"><title >en</title><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#global"></use></svg></span>en</a><div class="ecl-site-header__language-container" id="language-list-overlay" hidden data-ecl-language-list-overlay aria-labelledby="ecl-site-header__language-title" role="dialog"><div class="ecl-site-header__language-header"><div class="ecl-site-header__language-title" id="ecl-site-header__language-title" >Select your language</div><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--tertiary ecl-site-header__language-close ecl-button--icon-only" type="submit" data-ecl-language-list-close ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Close</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--m ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#close"></use></svg></span></button></div><div class="ecl-site-header__language-content" data-ecl-language-list-content ><div class="ecl-site-header__language-category" data-ecl-language-list-eu><ul class="ecl-site-header__language-list"><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_bg" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="bg" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">bg</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="bg">български</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_es" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="es" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">es</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="es">español</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_cs" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="cs" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">cs</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="cs">čeština</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_da" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="da" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">da</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="da">dansk</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_de" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="de" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">de</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="de">Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_et" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="et" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">et</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="et">eesti</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_el" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="el" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">el</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="el">ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link ecl-site-header__language-link--active" hreflang="en" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">en</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="en">English</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_fr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="fr" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">fr</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="fr">français</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_ga" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="ga" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">ga</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="ga">Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_hr" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="hr" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">hr</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="hr">hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_it" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="it" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">it</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="it">italiano</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_lv" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="lv" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">lv</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="lv">latviešu</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_lt" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="lt" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">lt</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="lt">lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_hu" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="hu" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">hu</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="hu">magyar</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_mt" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="mt" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">mt</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="mt">Malti</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_nl" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="nl" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">nl</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="nl">Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_pl" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="pl" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">pl</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="pl">polski</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_pt" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="pt" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">pt</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="pt">português</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_ro" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="ro" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">ro</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="ro">română</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_sk" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="sk" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">sk</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="sk">slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_sl" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="sl" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">sl</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="sl">slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_fi" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="fi" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">fi</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="fi">suomi</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_sv" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-header__language-link" hreflang="sv" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">sv</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label" lang="sv">svenska</span></a></li></ul></div></div></div></div> <div class="ecl-site-header__search-container" role="search"> <a class="ecl-button ecl-button--tertiary ecl-site-header__search-toggle" href="" data-ecl-search-toggle="true" aria-controls="oe-search-search-form" aria-expanded="false" ><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-site-header__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" role="img"><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#search"></use></svg>Search </a> <form class="ecl-search-form ecl-site-header__search" role="search" action="/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_en" method="post" id="oe-search-search-form" accept-charset="UTF-8" data-ecl-search-form ><div class="ecl-form-group"><label for="edit-keys" id="edit-keys-label" class="ecl-form-label ecl-search-form__label" >Search</label><input id="edit-keys" class="ecl-text-input ecl-text-input--m ecl-search-form__text-input form-search ecl-search-form__text-input" name="keys" type="search" ></div><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-search-form__button ecl-search-form__button" type="submit" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#search"></use></svg><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Search</span></span></button><input data-drupal-selector="form-xv4bpqdkqqalgdrgrcmoj75n3pgt9af7jug9pdzmdrm" type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-xv4BpqdkqQALgdrgRCmoj75N3pgT9aF7jUG9PdzmdrM" /><input data-drupal-selector="edit-oe-search-search-form" type="hidden" name="form_id" value="oe_search_search_form" /></form> <script type="application/json">{"service":"search","results":"in","form":".ecl-search-form","lang":"en","key":"europa_default"}</script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ecl-site-header__banner"> <div class="ecl-container"> <div class="ecl-site-header__site-name">Defence Industry and Space</div> </div> </div> <div id="block-ewcms-theme-horizontal-menu"> <nav class="ecl-menu" data-ecl-menu data-ecl-menu-max-lines="2" data-ecl-auto-init="Menu" data-ecl-menu-label-open="Menu" data-ecl-menu-label-close="Close" aria-expanded="false" role="navigation" aria-label="Site navigation" ><div class="ecl-menu__overlay"></div><div class="ecl-container ecl-menu__container"><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--tertiary ecl-menu__open ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-menu-open aria-expanded="false" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--m ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#hamburger"></use></svg><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--m ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#close"></use></svg><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Menu</span></span></button><section class="ecl-menu__inner" data-ecl-menu-inner aria-label="Menu"><header class="ecl-menu__inner-header"><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__close ecl-button--icon-only" type="submit" data-ecl-menu-close ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Close</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--m ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#close"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__title">Menu</div><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__back" type="submit" data-ecl-menu-back ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-270 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Back</span></span></button></header><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__items-previous ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-menu-items-previous tabindex="-1" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-icon--rotate-270 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Previous items</span></span></button><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__items-next ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-menu-items-next tabindex="-1" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Next items</span></span></button><ul class="ecl-menu__list" data-ecl-menu-list><li class="ecl-menu__item" data-ecl-menu-item id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-0"><a href="/index_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__link" data-untranslated-label="Home" data-ecl-menu-link id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-0-link" >Home</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-1"><a href="/about_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__link" data-untranslated-label="About " data-ecl-menu-link id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-1-link" >About </a><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__button-caret ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-menu-caret aria-label="Access item's children" aria-describedby="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-1-link" aria-expanded="false" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__mega" data-ecl-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/about/who-are-we_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Who are we? " >Who are we? </a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/about/supporting-eu-priorities_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Supporting EU Priorities " >Supporting EU Priorities </a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem ecl-menu__see-all"><a href="/about_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-menu__sublink" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-2"><a href="/newsroom_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__link" data-untranslated-label="Newsroom" data-ecl-menu-link id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-2-link" >Newsroom</a><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__button-caret ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-menu-caret aria-label="Access item's children" aria-describedby="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-2-link" aria-expanded="false" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__mega" data-ecl-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/newsroom/latest-news_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Latest news" >Latest news</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/newsroom/press-inquiries_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Press Inquiries " >Press Inquiries </a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/newsroom/events_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Events" >Events</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/newsroom/media-gallery_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Media Gallery " >Media Gallery </a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/newsroom/consultations_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Consultations" >Consultations</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem ecl-menu__see-all"><a href="/newsroom_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-menu__sublink" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__item--current ecl-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-3"><a href="/eu-space_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__link ecl-menu__link--current" data-untranslated-label="EU Space " data-ecl-menu-link id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-3-link" >EU Space </a><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__button-caret ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-menu-caret aria-label="Access item's children" aria-describedby="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-3-link" aria-expanded="false" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__mega" data-ecl-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-space/copernicus-earth-observation_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Copernicus | Earth Observation " >Copernicus | Earth Observation </a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-space/galileo-satellite-navigation_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Galileo | Satellite Navigation " >Galileo | Satellite Navigation </a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-space/egnos-satellite-navigation_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="EGNOS | Satellite Navigation" >EGNOS | Satellite Navigation</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-space/iris2-secure-connectivity_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="IRIS² | Secure Connectivity " >IRIS² | Secure Connectivity </a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-space/ssa-europes-eyes-space_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="SSA | Europe's Eyes on Space " >SSA | Europe's Eyes on Space </a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-space/entrepreneurship_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Entrepreneurship " >Entrepreneurship </a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem ecl-menu__subitem--current" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-space/research-development-and-innovation_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink ecl-menu__sublink--current" data-untranslated-label="Research, Development and Innovation" aria-current="page" >Research, Development and Innovation</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-space/eu-observatory-critical-technologies_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="The EU Observatory of Critical Technologies " >The EU Observatory of Critical Technologies </a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-space/govsatcom-satellite-communications_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="GOVSATCOM | Satellite Communications" >GOVSATCOM | Satellite Communications</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem ecl-menu__see-all"><a href="/eu-space_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-menu__sublink" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-4"><a href="/eu-defence-industry_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__link" data-untranslated-label="EU Defence Industry" data-ecl-menu-link id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-4-link" >EU Defence Industry</a><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__button-caret ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-menu-caret aria-label="Access item's children" aria-describedby="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-4-link" aria-expanded="false" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__mega" data-ecl-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-defence-industry/asap-boosting-defence-production_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="ASAP | Boosting defence production" >ASAP | Boosting defence production</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-defence-industry/edirpa-addressing-capability-gaps_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="EDIRPA | Addressing Capability Gaps" >EDIRPA | Addressing Capability Gaps</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-defence-industry/edis-our-common-defence-industrial-strategy_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="EDIS | Our common defence industrial strategy " >EDIS | Our common defence industrial strategy </a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-defence-industry/edip-future-defence_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="EDIP | The Future of Defence" >EDIP | The Future of Defence</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-defence-industry/european-defence-fund-edf-official-webpage-european-commission_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="EDF | Developing tomorrow's defence capabilities" >EDF | Developing tomorrow's defence capabilities</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-defence-industry/useful-resources_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Useful Resources " >Useful Resources </a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem ecl-menu__see-all"><a href="/eu-defence-industry_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-menu__sublink" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-5"><a href="/eu-aeronautics-industry_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__link" data-untranslated-label="EU Aeronautics Industry" data-ecl-menu-link id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-5-link" >EU Aeronautics Industry</a><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__button-caret ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-menu-caret aria-label="Access item's children" aria-describedby="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-5-link" aria-expanded="false" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__mega" data-ecl-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-aeronautics-industry/alliance-zero-emission-aviation_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Alliance for Zero-Emission Aviation" >Alliance for Zero-Emission Aviation</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/eu-aeronautics-industry/unmanned-aircraft_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Unmanned aircraft" >Unmanned aircraft</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem ecl-menu__see-all"><a href="/eu-aeronautics-industry_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-menu__sublink" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup aria-expanded="false" id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-6"><a href="/funding-opportunities-0_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__link" data-untranslated-label="Funding opportunities" data-ecl-menu-link id="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-6-link" >Funding opportunities</a><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__button-caret ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-menu-caret aria-label="Access item's children" aria-describedby="ecl-menu-item-ecl-menu-584917045-6-link" aria-expanded="false" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__mega" data-ecl-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/funding-opportunities-0/public-procurement_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Public Procurement" >Public Procurement</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/funding-opportunities-0/space-and-defence-related-funding_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Space and Defence related funding" >Space and Defence related funding</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/funding-opportunities-0/strategic-technologies-europe-platform-step-boost-investments-critical-technologies_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Strategic Technologies for Europe Platform (STEP) to boost investments in critical technologies" >Strategic Technologies for Europe Platform (STEP) to boost investments in critical technologies</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/funding-opportunities-0/calls-proposals_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__sublink" data-untranslated-label="Calls for proposals" >Calls for proposals</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem ecl-menu__see-all"><a href="/funding-opportunities-0_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-menu__sublink" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See all</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#arrow-left"></use></svg></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></section></div></nav> </div> </header> <div class="featured-page-header" id="block-ewcms-theme-page-header"> <div class="ecl-page-header" ><div class="ecl-container"><nav class="ecl-breadcrumb ecl-page-header__breadcrumb" aria-label="You are here:" aria-label="" data-ecl-breadcrumb="true" ><ol class="ecl-breadcrumb__container"><li class="ecl-breadcrumb__segment" data-ecl-breadcrumb-item="static"><a href="/index_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-breadcrumb__link" >Home</a><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--fluid ecl-breadcrumb__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></li><li class="ecl-breadcrumb__segment" data-ecl-breadcrumb-item="static"><a href="/eu-space_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-breadcrumb__link" >EU Space </a><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--fluid ecl-breadcrumb__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></li><li class="ecl-breadcrumb__segment ecl-breadcrumb__current-page" data-ecl-breadcrumb-item="static" aria-current="page">Research, Development and Innovation</li></ol></nav><div class="ecl-page-header__info--no-margin"><h1 class="ecl-page-header__title ecl-u-sr-only"><span>Research, Development and Innovation</span></h1></div></div></div> </div> <main class="ecl-u-pb-xl" id="main-content" data-inpage-navigation-source-area="h2.ecl-u-type-heading-2, div.ecl-featured-item__heading"> <div class="ecl-container"> <div class="ecl-row"> <div class="ecl-col-s-12 ewcms-top-sidebar"> <div> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div><div id="block-news-ticker-non-homepage" class="ecl-u-mb-l"> <div class="ecl-news-ticker" data-ecl-news-ticker="true" data-ecl-auto-init="NewsTicker" data-original-link-title-1="Joint Task Force – JTF Evolution: powering strategic autonomy in space" data-original-link-title-2="Pact for Skills: Launch of large-scale Skills Partnership in the space sector" ><div class="ecl-news-ticker__container"><div class="ecl-news-ticker__content"><ul class="ecl-news-ticker__slides" id="node-33-content"><li class="ecl-news-ticker__slide"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--l ecl-news-ticker__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#information"></use></svg><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/joint-task-force-jtf-evolution-powering-strategic-autonomy-space-2023-05-10_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-news-ticker__slide-text" >Joint Task Force – JTF Evolution: powering strategic autonomy in space</a></li><li class="ecl-news-ticker__slide"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--l ecl-news-ticker__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#information"></use></svg><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/pact-skills-launch-large-scale-skills-partnership-space-sector-2023-04-25_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-news-ticker__slide-text" >Pact for Skills: Launch of large-scale Skills Partnership in the space sector</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="ecl-news-ticker__controls"><div class="ecl-news-ticker__actions"><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--tertiary ecl-news-ticker__prev ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-news-ticker-prev ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Previous news item</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--l ecl-icon--rotate-270 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--tertiary ecl-news-ticker__play ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-news-ticker-play ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Play news ticker</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--l ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#play-outline"></use></svg></span></button><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--tertiary ecl-news-ticker__pause ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-news-ticker-pause ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Pause news ticker</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--l ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#pause-outline"></use></svg></span></button><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--tertiary ecl-news-ticker__next ecl-button--icon-only" type="button" data-ecl-news-ticker-next ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Next news item</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--l ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-button__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button></div><div class="ecl-news-ticker__counter"><span class="ecl-news-ticker__counter--current">1</span> of <span class="ecl-news-ticker__counter--max">2</span></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ecl-row"> <div class="ecl-col-s-12"> <div id="block-ewcms-theme-main-page-content" data-inpage-navigation-source-area="h2, div.ecl-featured-item__heading" class="ecl-u-mb-l"> <article dir="ltr"> <div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_772"></a> <div> <section class="ecl-banner ecl-banner--m ecl-banner--font-m ecl-banner--box-bg-dark ecl-banner--color-light ecl-banner--h-left ecl-banner--v-center ecl-banner--full-width" data-ecl-banner data-ecl-auto-init="Banner" ><figure class="ecl-banner__picture-container"><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-banner__picture" data-ecl-banner-image ><source srcset="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_4_1_banner/public/2022-09/EU%20Space%20Research%20Banner_0.PNG.webp?itok=IgxWn2qR" media="(max-width: 480px)" ><source srcset="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_medium_4_1_banner/public/2022-09/EU%20Space%20Research%20Banner_0.PNG.webp?itok=-s7KSbZG" media="(max-width: 768px)" ><source srcset="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_large_4_1_banner/public/2022-09/EU%20Space%20Research%20Banner_0.PNG.webp?itok=LAp8ngrW" media="(max-width: 996px)" ><source srcset="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_extra_large_4_1_banner/public/2022-09/EU%20Space%20Research%20Banner_0.PNG.webp?itok=dvn9qCVx" media="(max-width: 1140px)" ><source srcset="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_full_width_banner_4_1/public/2022-09/EU%20Space%20Research%20Banner_0.PNG.webp?itok=QP5ALwd-" media="(min-width: 1140px)" ><img class="ecl-banner__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_full_width_banner_4_1/public/2022-09/EU%20Space%20Research%20Banner_0.PNG.webp?itok=QP5ALwd-" alt="Banner no text" ></picture></figure><div class="ecl-container ecl-banner__info"><div class="ecl-banner__container" data-ecl-banner-container ><div class="ecl-banner__content"><div class="ecl-banner__title"><span class="ecl-banner__title-text">Research, Development & Innovation</span></div><p class="ecl-banner__description"><span class="ecl-banner__description-text">For an Innovative and Autonomous European Space Ecosystem</span></p></div></div></div></section> </div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_793"></a> <h2 class='ecl-u-type-heading-2'>Horizon Europe Space-related calls for proposals are now released!</h2> <article class="ecl-featured-item ecl-featured-item--highlight" ><div class="ecl-featured-item__container"><div class="ecl-featured-item__item"><div class="ecl-featured-item__title"><span class="ecl-featured-item__title-content">Results available for 2022-2023, as part of Horizon Europe Cluster 4 "Digital, Industry and Space"</span></div><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/results-horizon-europe-space-related-calls-2022-2023_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--cta ecl-link--icon ecl-featured-item__link" ><span class="ecl-link__label">See the results </span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-icon--primary ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></a></div></div></article> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_648"></a> <h2 class='ecl-u-type-heading-2'>EU Space Research Funding</h2> <article class="ecl-featured-item" ><div class="ecl-featured-item__container ecl-featured-item__container--right"><div class="ecl-featured-item__item"><div class="ecl-featured-item__description"><div class="ecl"><p>EU space research is supported through framework programmes. The support of these programmes is critical to the ongoing development of the space sector. In particular:</p><ul><li>It encourages the research community and the private sector to intensify their efforts in the space sector and boost investment;</li><li>It helps to sustain a competitive space industry including manufacturers, service providers, and operators;</li><li>It provides the services and infrastructure necessary for the development and exploitation of new technologies.</li></ul></div></div></div><div class="ecl-featured-item__item"><div class="ecl-media-container ecl-featured-item__media_container" data-ecl-media-container="true" data-ecl-auto-init="MediaContainer" ><figure class="ecl-media-container__figure"><div class="ecl-media-container__media ecl-media-container__media--ratio-16-9"><iframe id="videoplayerI-234842" src="https://ec.europa.eu/avservices/play.cfm?ref=I-234842&lg=EN&sublg=none&autoplay=true&tin=10&tout=59" frameborder="0" allowtransparency allowfullscreen webkitallowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen width="576" height="324" class="media-avportal-content"></iframe></div></figure></div></div></div></article> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_649"></a> <h2 class='ecl-u-type-heading-2'>Horizon Europe</h2> <article class="ecl-featured-item" ><div class="ecl-featured-item__container ecl-featured-item__container--right"><div class="ecl-featured-item__item"><div class="ecl-featured-item__description"><div class="ecl"><p>The regulation establishing Horizon Europe, the new framework programme for research and innovation for 2021-2027, was adopted in April 2021 with a total budget of €86,1 billion in current prices<a href="#_ftn1">[1]</a>. In addition, the NextGenerationEU programme, which was set up as a temporary recovery instrument following the COVID-19 crisis, will contribute an additional €5,4 billion.</p><p>The programme is structured in three pillars: open science, global challenges and Industrial and Open Innovation. Space is under the second pillar in a joint Cluster' Digital, industry and space' with a proposed envelope of €13,5 billion and an additional €1,35 billion from NextGenerationEU.</p><p>For the first two years of Horizon Europe, Space Research and Innovation is structured as shown in Figure below:</p><p><a href="#_ftnref1">[1]</a><a href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2021/695/oj">Regulation EU 2021/695</a></p></div></div></div><div class="ecl-featured-item__item"><div class="ecl-media-container ecl-featured-item__media_container" ><figure class="ecl-media-container__figure"><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-media-container__picture" ><img class="ecl-media-container__media" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_medium_no_crop/public/2022-03/Horizon-Europe%20by.png?itok=QCX9c7EX" alt="Horizon-Europe by.png" ></picture></figure></div></div></div></article> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_1363"></a> <article class="ecl-featured-item" ><div class="ecl-featured-item__container ecl-featured-item__container--right"><div class="ecl-featured-item__item"><div class="ecl-featured-item__description"><div class="ecl"><p>In order to stay ahead in a dynamically changing domain marked by growing competition and major technology advances, the EU space sector requires continued, smart and coordinated investments in cutting-edge technologies, innovation, applications and skills. The <strong>Horizon Europe programme </strong>is a major leverage to boost space innovation across the EU with close to <strong>€1.6 billion</strong> earmarked over the programming period 2021-2027 .</p><p>Funded R&I projects foster competitiveness and technological non-dependency of the EU space sector while consolidating EU flagship programmes and developing new downstream applications and evolution schemes for the existing services of the European Union Space Programme. EU-funded space R&I projects also emphasise European access to space as well as future technologies such as quantum technologies, space weather and space science.</p></div></div></div><div class="ecl-featured-item__item"><div class="ecl-media-container ecl-featured-item__media_container" data-ecl-media-container="true" data-ecl-auto-init="MediaContainer" ><figure class="ecl-media-container__figure"><div class="ecl-media-container__media ecl-media-container__media--ratio-16-9"><iframe width="852" height="480" src="https://webtools.europa.eu/crs/iframe/?oriurl=https%3A//audiovisual.ec.europa.eu/corporateplayer/index.html%3Fvideo%3DI-234842%26language%3DEN&lang=en" title="EU Space Funded R & I" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" allowfullscreen></iframe></div></figure></div></div></div></article> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_650"></a> <article class="ecl-featured-item" ><div class="ecl-featured-item__container ecl-featured-item__container--right"><div class="ecl-featured-item__item"><div class="ecl-featured-item__description"><div class="ecl"><p>The research under:</p><ul><li>foster the competitiveness of the EU space sector</li><li>reinforce the EU capacity to access and use space</li></ul><p>is guided by a Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda (SRIA)2 for EU-funded space research supporting competitiveness has been developed with the stakeholder's community and will constitute an important input for R&I programming under Horizon Europe.</p><p>Horizon Europe also funds R&I for the new Space Programme of the Union<strong>, </strong>which regroups in a single programme the four components EGNSS, Copernicus, Space Situational Awareness (SSA) and secured governmental communications (GOVSATCOM). In addition, three horizontal activities support access to space, start-ups and security.</p><p>It is foreseen that R&I for the Space Programme will:</p><ul><li>Continue to support the evolution of space and ground infrastructures for the two EU flagship constellations Galileo and Copernicus,</li><li>Foster the evolution of EGNSS and Copernicus services,</li><li>Contribute to the development of innovative downstream applications, including by combining EGNSS and Copernicus services with other services,</li><li>Develop innovative space capabilities for SSA, GOVSATCOM and pave the way for quantum technologies in EU space infrastructure (the last is not part of the Space Programme).</li></ul><p>Furthermore, actions will be undertaken to:</p><ul><li>Develop a space entrepreneurship ecosystem called Cassini</li><li>Support activities of interest and cutting-across all the above activity lines such as critical technologies for non-dependence, In-orbit validation ("IOV") and in-orbit demonstration ("IOD") services, contribute to space science and missions, outreach and education activities and international cooperation.</li></ul></div></div></div><div class="ecl-featured-item__item"><div class="ecl-media-container ecl-featured-item__media_container" ><figure class="ecl-media-container__figure"><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-media-container__picture" ><img class="ecl-media-container__media" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_medium_no_crop/public/2022-03/diagram%202%20h2020.png?itok=Rm57r4T4" alt="diagram 2 h2020.png" ></picture></figure></div></div></div></article> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_680"></a> <h2 class="ecl-u-type-heading-2">Governance and Implementation of Horizon Europe</h2> <div class="ecl"><p>The Horizon Europe programme is governed by the Directorate-General in charge of Research and Innovation. More information about the overall programme, which does not only cover Space, can be found <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en" class="ecl-link">here</a>. </p> <p>For the Space component of Horizon Europe, the implementation of the programme is managed by the <a href="https://hadea.ec.europa.eu/programmes/horizon-europe/space/about_en" class="ecl-link">Executive Agency HaDEA</a> and, for some areas such as EGNSS and Copernicus downstream applications as well as the Galileo PRS service’s applications, by <a href="https://www.euspa.europa.eu/opportunities/horizon-europe" class="ecl-link">EUSPA</a>, the EU Agency for the Space Programme.</p> <p>Horizon Europe also supports actions which are delegated to specific entities, mostly <a href="https://www.esa.int/" class="ecl-link ecl-link--icon ecl-link--icon-after ecl-link"><span class="ecl-link__label">ESA</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#external" /></svg></a>, the European Space Agency, for example related to the evolution of the EGNSS programmes.</p> <p>In addition, the European Commission has contracted a consortium to manage the stakeholders consultation process for certain areas of EU space research: <a href="https://starseu.net/" class="ecl-link ecl-link--icon ecl-link--icon-after ecl-link"><span class="ecl-link__label">StarsEU</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#external" /></svg></a></p></div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_653"></a> <div id="block-spaceresearchandinnovation" class="ecl-u-mt-l"> <h2 class="ecl-u-type-heading-2">Space Research and Innovation</h2> <div class="ecl-content-item-block"><div class="ecl-row"><div class="ecl-content-item-block__item contextual-region ecl-u-mb-l ecl-col-12 ecl-col-l-4 "><article class="ecl-card" ><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-picture--zoom ecl-card__picture" data-ecl-picture-link ><img class="ecl-card__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/public/2022-03/cassini%20pc.jpeg?itok=XQ6DqFyT" alt="cassini pc.jpeg " ></picture><div class="ecl-card__body"><div class="ecl-content-block ecl-card__content-block" data-ecl-auto-init="ContentBlock" data-ecl-content-block ><div class="ecl-content-block__title"data-ecl-title-link><a href="https://ec.europa.eu/defence-industry-space/eu-space-policy/space-research-and-innovation/cassini-space-entrepreneurship-initiative_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone" >Cassini</a></div><div class="ecl-content-block__description">More on CASSINI - Space Entrepreneurship Initiative </div></div></div></article></div><div class="ecl-content-item-block__item contextual-region ecl-u-mb-l ecl-col-12 ecl-col-l-4 "><article class="ecl-card" ><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-picture--zoom ecl-card__picture" data-ecl-picture-link ><img class="ecl-card__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/public/2022-03/iod%20iov%20web.png?itok=Tk4YbVHG" alt="iod iov web.png " ></picture><div class="ecl-card__body"><div class="ecl-content-block ecl-card__content-block" data-ecl-auto-init="ContentBlock" data-ecl-content-block ><div class="ecl-content-block__title"data-ecl-title-link><a href="https://ec.europa.eu/defence-industry-space/eu-space-policy/space-research-and-innovation/orbit-demonstration-and-validation-iodiov_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone" >In-Orbit Demonstration and Validation (IOD/IOV)</a></div><div class="ecl-content-block__description">More on In-Orbit Demonstration and Validation (IOD/IOV) </div></div></div></article></div><div class="ecl-content-item-block__item contextual-region ecl-u-mb-l ecl-col-12 ecl-col-l-4 "><article class="ecl-card" ><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-picture--zoom ecl-card__picture" data-ecl-picture-link ><img class="ecl-card__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/public/2022-03/quantum%20shatertock.jpg?itok=x_I9uySm" alt="quantum shatertock.jpg" ></picture><div class="ecl-card__body"><div class="ecl-content-block ecl-card__content-block" data-ecl-auto-init="ContentBlock" data-ecl-content-block ><div class="ecl-content-block__title"data-ecl-title-link><a href="https://ec.europa.eu/defence-industry-space/eu-space-policy/space-research-and-innovation/quantum-technologies_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone" >Quantum Technologies</a></div><div class="ecl-content-block__description">More on Quantum Technologies </div></div></div></article></div><div class="ecl-content-item-block__item contextual-region ecl-u-mb-l ecl-col-12 ecl-col-l-4 last-item-column"><article class="ecl-card" ><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-picture--zoom ecl-card__picture" data-ecl-picture-link ><img class="ecl-card__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/public/2022-02/Secure%20Connectivity.png?itok=OR6HX4Md" alt="Sec. Connn banner1" ></picture><div class="ecl-card__body"><div class="ecl-content-block ecl-card__content-block" data-ecl-auto-init="ContentBlock" data-ecl-content-block ><div class="ecl-content-block__title"data-ecl-title-link><a href="https://ec.europa.eu/defence-industry-space/eu-space-policy/space-research-and-innovation/eu-funded-space-ri-previous-eu-framework-programmes-research-and-innovation_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone" >EU-funded space R&I in previous EU Framework programmes for Research and Innovation</a></div><div class="ecl-content-block__description">More on EU-Funded space R&I</div></div></div></article></div><div class="ecl-content-item-block__item contextual-region ecl-u-mb-l ecl-col-12 ecl-col-l-4 last-item-column"><article class="ecl-card" ><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-picture--zoom ecl-card__picture" data-ecl-picture-link ><img class="ecl-card__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/public/2023-06/FSE%20image%201.jpg?itok=rsKmE4Xh" alt="Future space ecosytem image 1" ></picture><div class="ecl-card__body"><div class="ecl-content-block ecl-card__content-block" data-ecl-auto-init="ContentBlock" data-ecl-content-block ><div class="ecl-content-block__title"data-ecl-title-link><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/eu-future-space-ecosystem_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone" >EU future space ecosystem </a></div><div class="ecl-content-block__description">An enabler for industrialisation and new services in space.</div></div></div></article></div><div class="ecl-content-item-block__item contextual-region ecl-u-mb-l ecl-col-12 ecl-col-l-4 last-item-column last-item"><article class="ecl-card" ><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-picture--zoom ecl-card__picture" data-ecl-picture-link ><img class="ecl-card__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_ratio_3_2_medium/public/2023-05/DEFIS_B2_Technology_GaN%20technology%20for%20space%20applications%20.jpg?itok=A-E9hfbr" alt="GaN " ></picture><div class="ecl-card__body"><div class="ecl-content-block ecl-card__content-block" data-ecl-auto-init="ContentBlock" data-ecl-content-block ><div class="ecl-content-block__title"data-ecl-title-link><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/technological-non-dependence_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone" >Technological non-dependence</a></div><div class="ecl-content-block__description">Powering strategic autonomy in space.</div></div></div></article></div></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_1049"></a> <div class="ecl-accordion" data-ecl-auto-init="Accordion" data-ecl-accordion ><div class="ecl-accordion__item"><h3 class="ecl-accordion__title" id="paragraph-1049-0-title"><button type="button" class="ecl-accordion__toggle" data-ecl-accordion-toggle aria-controls="paragraph-1049-0-content" ><span class="ecl-accordion__toggle-flex"><span class="ecl-accordion__toggle-title">Discover the main opportunities for funding, finding partners and receiving coaching</span><span class="ecl-accordion__toggle-indicator"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-accordion__toggle-icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-accordion-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#plus"></use></svg><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-accordion__toggle-icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-accordion-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#minus"></use></svg></span></span></button></h3><div class="ecl-accordion__content" hidden id="paragraph-1049-0-content" role="region" aria-labelledby="paragraph-1049-0-title" ><div class="ecl"><div class="ecl-file ecl-file--thumbnail" data-ecl-file=""><div class="ecl-file__container"><div class="ecl-file__detail ecl-u-border-width-0 ecl-u-mv-none ecl-u-pv-none"><div class="ecl-file__detail-info"><div class="ecl-file__detail-meta"><span class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">General publications</span><span class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">20 December 2023</span></div><a href="/document/download/c4a37ffb-1b1d-41f4-8f82-40ade0dbb7e2_en?filename=D2.1.3%20STARS%20EU%20existing%20opportunities_web_v0.1.pdf"><div class="ecl-file__title">Take your ideas to the next level</div></a></div></div></div></div><p> </p></div></div></div></div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_771"></a> <div class="ecl-accordion" data-ecl-auto-init="Accordion" data-ecl-accordion ><div class="ecl-accordion__item"><h3 class="ecl-accordion__title" id="paragraph-771-0-title"><button type="button" class="ecl-accordion__toggle" data-ecl-accordion-toggle aria-controls="paragraph-771-0-content" ><span class="ecl-accordion__toggle-flex"><span class="ecl-accordion__toggle-title">Discover the key topics of EU Space Research</span><span class="ecl-accordion__toggle-indicator"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-accordion__toggle-icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-accordion-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#plus"></use></svg><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-accordion__toggle-icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-accordion-icon><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#minus"></use></svg></span></span></button></h3><div class="ecl-accordion__content" hidden id="paragraph-771-0-content" role="region" aria-labelledby="paragraph-771-0-title" ><div class="ecl"><div xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" class="ecl-file ecl-file--thumbnail" data-ecl-file="" id="ecl-file-1874674802"><div class="ecl-file__container"><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-file__picture"><img class="ecl-file__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_no_crop/public/media-icons/generic/generic.png?itok=X7eRraWI" alt=""></picture><div class="ecl-file__info"><ul class="ecl-file__detail-meta"><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">General publications</li><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">25 November 2024</li></ul><div class="ecl-file__title" id="ecl-file-1874674802-title">Brochure - EU Funded Space R&I</div></div></div><div class="ecl-file__footer"><div class="ecl-file__language" id="ecl-file-1874674802-lang">English</div><div class="ecl-file__meta">(19.13 MB - PDF)</div><div class="ecl-file__action"><a href="/document/download/099d1115-3318-49a6-90ec-c38105b27d81_en?filename=DEFIS_B2_CommsKit_brochure_v2.pdf" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-file__download" data-wt-preview="pdf" id="ecl-file-1874674802-link" aria-labelledby="ecl-file-1874674802-link-label ecl-file-1874674802-title ecl-file-1874674802-lang"><span class="ecl-link__label">Download</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--fluid ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#download"></use></svg></a></div></div></div><div xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" class="ecl-file ecl-file--thumbnail" data-ecl-file="" id="ecl-file-1387393815"><div class="ecl-file__container"><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-file__picture"><img class="ecl-file__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_no_crop/public/media-icons/generic/generic.png?itok=X7eRraWI" alt=""></picture><div class="ecl-file__info"><ul class="ecl-file__detail-meta"><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">General publications</li><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">10 July 2024</li></ul><div class="ecl-file__title" id="ecl-file-1387393815-title">In-Space Operation and Services </div></div></div><div class="ecl-file__footer"><div class="ecl-file__language" id="ecl-file-1387393815-lang">English</div><div class="ecl-file__meta">(1.02 MB - PDF)</div><div class="ecl-file__action"><a href="/document/download/7474f84d-154d-4bb4-adf3-586be01dad10_en?filename=Factsheet_05_11_ActInSpaceISOS.pdf" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-file__download" data-wt-preview="pdf" id="ecl-file-1387393815-link" aria-labelledby="ecl-file-1387393815-link-label ecl-file-1387393815-title ecl-file-1387393815-lang"><span class="ecl-link__label">Download</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--fluid ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#download"></use></svg></a></div></div></div><div xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" class="ecl-file ecl-file--thumbnail" data-ecl-file="" id="ecl-file-946804101"><div class="ecl-file__container"><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-file__picture"><img class="ecl-file__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_no_crop/public/media-icons/generic/generic.png?itok=X7eRraWI" alt=""></picture><div class="ecl-file__info"><ul class="ecl-file__detail-meta"><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">General publications</li><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">12 July 2024</li></ul><div class="ecl-file__title" id="ecl-file-946804101-title">Access to Space</div></div></div><div class="ecl-file__footer"><div class="ecl-file__language" id="ecl-file-946804101-lang">English</div><div class="ecl-file__meta">(1.01 MB - PDF)</div><div class="ecl-file__action"><a href="/document/download/97659429-64b3-4fe2-a04b-b3aa855e0572_en?filename=DEFIS_B2_Comms_kit_factsheet_Access%20to%20space_web.pdf" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-file__download" data-wt-preview="pdf" id="ecl-file-946804101-link" aria-labelledby="ecl-file-946804101-link-label ecl-file-946804101-title ecl-file-946804101-lang"><span class="ecl-link__label">Download</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--fluid ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#download"></use></svg></a></div></div></div><div xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" class="ecl-file ecl-file--thumbnail" data-ecl-file="" id="ecl-file-2042814563"><div class="ecl-file__container"><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-file__picture"><img class="ecl-file__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_no_crop/public/media-icons/generic/generic.png?itok=X7eRraWI" alt=""></picture><div class="ecl-file__info"><ul class="ecl-file__detail-meta"><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">General publications</li><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">12 July 2024</li></ul><div class="ecl-file__title" id="ecl-file-2042814563-title">Entrepreneurship Factsheet</div></div></div><div class="ecl-file__footer"><div class="ecl-file__language" id="ecl-file-2042814563-lang">English</div><div class="ecl-file__meta">(1.58 MB - PDF)</div><div class="ecl-file__action"><a href="/document/download/67de942b-cda7-447b-9c1b-dd6b0ea31fed_en?filename=DEFIS_B2_Comms_kit_factsheet_Entrepreneurship_web.pdf" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-file__download" data-wt-preview="pdf" id="ecl-file-2042814563-link" aria-labelledby="ecl-file-2042814563-link-label ecl-file-2042814563-title ecl-file-2042814563-lang"><span class="ecl-link__label">Download</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--fluid ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#download"></use></svg></a></div></div></div><div xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" class="ecl-file ecl-file--thumbnail" data-ecl-file="" id="ecl-file-1179964407"><div class="ecl-file__container"><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-file__picture"><img class="ecl-file__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_no_crop/public/media-icons/generic/generic.png?itok=X7eRraWI" alt=""></picture><div class="ecl-file__info"><ul class="ecl-file__detail-meta"><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">General publications</li><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">12 July 2024</li></ul><div class="ecl-file__title" id="ecl-file-1179964407-title">In Orbit Demonstration / In Orbit Validation</div></div></div><div class="ecl-file__footer"><div class="ecl-file__language" id="ecl-file-1179964407-lang">English</div><div class="ecl-file__meta">(878.39 KB - PDF)</div><div class="ecl-file__action"><a href="/document/download/1befaaa6-5cca-42b1-823e-7b031aa55e1d_en?filename=DEFIS_B2_Comms_kit_factsheet_IOD_IOV_web.pdf" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-file__download" data-wt-preview="pdf" id="ecl-file-1179964407-link" aria-labelledby="ecl-file-1179964407-link-label ecl-file-1179964407-title ecl-file-1179964407-lang"><span class="ecl-link__label">Download</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--fluid ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#download"></use></svg></a></div></div></div><div xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" class="ecl-file ecl-file--thumbnail" data-ecl-file="" id="ecl-file-1352031244"><div class="ecl-file__container"><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-file__picture"><img class="ecl-file__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_no_crop/public/media-icons/generic/generic.png?itok=X7eRraWI" alt=""></picture><div class="ecl-file__info"><ul class="ecl-file__detail-meta"><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">General publications</li><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">12 July 2024</li></ul><div class="ecl-file__title" id="ecl-file-1352031244-title">Non-Dependency</div></div></div><div class="ecl-file__footer"><div class="ecl-file__language" id="ecl-file-1352031244-lang">English</div><div class="ecl-file__meta">(1.36 MB - PDF)</div><div class="ecl-file__action"><a href="/document/download/d39ae578-04ed-4a34-8c8d-0a23adf31357_en?filename=DEFIS_B2_Comms_kit_factsheet_non-dependency_web.pdf" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-file__download" data-wt-preview="pdf" id="ecl-file-1352031244-link" aria-labelledby="ecl-file-1352031244-link-label ecl-file-1352031244-title ecl-file-1352031244-lang"><span class="ecl-link__label">Download</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--fluid ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#download"></use></svg></a></div></div></div><div xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" class="ecl-file ecl-file--thumbnail" data-ecl-file="" id="ecl-file-1867299292"><div class="ecl-file__container"><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-file__picture"><img class="ecl-file__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_no_crop/public/media-icons/generic/generic.png?itok=X7eRraWI" alt=""></picture><div class="ecl-file__info"><ul class="ecl-file__detail-meta"><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">General publications</li><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">12 July 2024</li></ul><div class="ecl-file__title" id="ecl-file-1867299292-title">Quantum</div></div></div><div class="ecl-file__footer"><div class="ecl-file__language" id="ecl-file-1867299292-lang">English</div><div class="ecl-file__meta">(859.88 KB - PDF)</div><div class="ecl-file__action"><a href="/document/download/974f97bc-c867-4e14-9b31-2ef589f31f20_en?filename=DEFIS_B2_Comms_kit_factsheet_Quantum_technologies_web.pdf" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-file__download" data-wt-preview="pdf" id="ecl-file-1867299292-link" aria-labelledby="ecl-file-1867299292-link-label ecl-file-1867299292-title ecl-file-1867299292-lang"><span class="ecl-link__label">Download</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--fluid ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#download"></use></svg></a></div></div></div><div xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" class="ecl-file ecl-file--thumbnail" data-ecl-file="" id="ecl-file-879268261"><div class="ecl-file__container"><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-file__picture"><img class="ecl-file__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_no_crop/public/media-icons/generic/generic.png?itok=X7eRraWI" alt=""></picture><div class="ecl-file__info"><ul class="ecl-file__detail-meta"><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">General publications</li><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">12 July 2024</li></ul><div class="ecl-file__title" id="ecl-file-879268261-title">Earth Observation</div></div></div><div class="ecl-file__footer"><div class="ecl-file__language" id="ecl-file-879268261-lang">English</div><div class="ecl-file__meta">(863.54 KB - PDF)</div><div class="ecl-file__action"><a href="/document/download/464c025a-b85e-4867-980e-11379e2a996c_en?filename=DEFIS_B2_Comms_kit_factsheet_Copernicus_EO_web.pdf" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-file__download" data-wt-preview="pdf" id="ecl-file-879268261-link" aria-labelledby="ecl-file-879268261-link-label ecl-file-879268261-title ecl-file-879268261-lang"><span class="ecl-link__label">Download</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--fluid ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#download"></use></svg></a></div></div></div><div xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" class="ecl-file ecl-file--thumbnail" data-ecl-file="" id="ecl-file-1151362052"><div class="ecl-file__container"><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-file__picture"><img class="ecl-file__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_no_crop/public/media-icons/generic/generic.png?itok=X7eRraWI" alt=""></picture><div class="ecl-file__info"><ul class="ecl-file__detail-meta"><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">General publications</li><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">12 July 2024</li></ul><div class="ecl-file__title" id="ecl-file-1151362052-title">EGNSS Upstream</div></div></div><div class="ecl-file__footer"><div class="ecl-file__language" id="ecl-file-1151362052-lang">English</div><div class="ecl-file__meta">(1.03 MB - PDF)</div><div class="ecl-file__action"><a href="/document/download/0c612c5c-2e4a-4543-82bd-3736538f1b7c_en?filename=DEFIS_B2_Comms_kit_factsheet_EGNSS%20infrastructure_web.pdf" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-file__download" data-wt-preview="pdf" id="ecl-file-1151362052-link" aria-labelledby="ecl-file-1151362052-link-label ecl-file-1151362052-title ecl-file-1151362052-lang"><span class="ecl-link__label">Download</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--fluid ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#download"></use></svg></a></div></div></div><div xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" class="ecl-file ecl-file--thumbnail" data-ecl-file="" id="ecl-file-1273682649"><div class="ecl-file__container"><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-file__picture"><img class="ecl-file__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_no_crop/public/media-icons/generic/generic.png?itok=X7eRraWI" alt=""></picture><div class="ecl-file__info"><ul class="ecl-file__detail-meta"><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">General publications</li><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">12 July 2024</li></ul><div class="ecl-file__title" id="ecl-file-1273682649-title">EGNSS & Copernicus applications</div></div></div><div class="ecl-file__footer"><div class="ecl-file__language" id="ecl-file-1273682649-lang">English</div><div class="ecl-file__meta">(1.11 MB - PDF)</div><div class="ecl-file__action"><a href="/document/download/992f1779-4c36-436b-89c8-281787c510d6_en?filename=DEFIS_B2_Comms_kit_factsheet_downstream%20appl_web.pdf" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-file__download" data-wt-preview="pdf" id="ecl-file-1273682649-link" aria-labelledby="ecl-file-1273682649-link-label ecl-file-1273682649-title ecl-file-1273682649-lang"><span class="ecl-link__label">Download</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--fluid ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#download"></use></svg></a></div></div></div><div xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" class="ecl-file ecl-file--thumbnail" data-ecl-file="" id="ecl-file-1185842502"><div class="ecl-file__container"><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-file__picture"><img class="ecl-file__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_no_crop/public/media-icons/generic/generic.png?itok=X7eRraWI" alt=""></picture><div class="ecl-file__info"><ul class="ecl-file__detail-meta"><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">General publications</li><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">14 December 2022</li></ul><div class="ecl-file__title" id="ecl-file-1185842502-title">Financing of space research</div></div></div><div class="ecl-file__footer"><div class="ecl-file__language" id="ecl-file-1185842502-lang">English</div><div class="ecl-file__meta">(3.18 MB - PDF)</div><div class="ecl-file__action"><a href="/document/download/90ec8ec1-723b-467a-af36-5df6b89472cd_en?filename=DEFIS_B2_Comms_kit_factsheet_Financing_web_vf.pdf" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-file__download" data-wt-preview="pdf" id="ecl-file-1185842502-link" aria-labelledby="ecl-file-1185842502-link-label ecl-file-1185842502-title ecl-file-1185842502-lang"><span class="ecl-link__label">Download</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--fluid ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#download"></use></svg></a></div></div></div><div xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" class="ecl-file ecl-file--thumbnail" data-ecl-file="" id="ecl-file-1742255768"><div class="ecl-file__container"><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-file__picture"><img class="ecl-file__image" src="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/styles/oe_theme_small_no_crop/public/media-icons/generic/generic.png?itok=X7eRraWI" alt=""></picture><div class="ecl-file__info"><ul class="ecl-file__detail-meta"><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">General publications</li><li class="ecl-file__detail-meta-item">12 August 2024</li></ul><div class="ecl-file__title" id="ecl-file-1742255768-title">Space Situational Awareness </div></div></div><div class="ecl-file__footer"><div class="ecl-file__language" id="ecl-file-1742255768-lang">English</div><div class="ecl-file__meta">(1.1 MB - PDF)</div><div class="ecl-file__action"><a href="/document/download/f64db123-880c-4871-ae75-0c74ae63473c_en?filename=Factsheet_11_SSA_WEB.pdf" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--icon ecl-file__download" data-wt-preview="pdf" id="ecl-file-1742255768-link" aria-labelledby="ecl-file-1742255768-link-label ecl-file-1742255768-title ecl-file-1742255768-lang"><span class="ecl-link__label">Download</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--fluid ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#download"></use></svg></a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl"> <a id="paragraph_128"></a> <div class="ecl"><h3><strong>Useful links:</strong></h3> <ul> <li><a href="https://ec.europa.eu/transparency/documents-register/detail?ref=COM(2016)705&lang=en" class="ecl-link">Space strategy</a></li> <li><a href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en" class="ecl-link">Horizon Europe</a></li> <li><a href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/docs/2021-2027/horizon/wp-call/2023-2024/wp-7-digital-industry-and-space_horizon-2023-2024_en.pdf" class="ecl-link">Horizon Europe Working programme 2023/24</a></li> <li><a href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/docs/2021-2027/horizon/wp-call/2021-2022/wp-7-digital-industry-and-space_horizon-2021-2022_en.pdf" class="ecl-link">Horizon Europe Working programme 2021/22</a></li> <li><a href="https://hadea.ec.europa.eu/programmes/horizon-europe/space/about_en" class="ecl-link"><u>HaDEA, </u><u>European Health and Digital Executive Agency</u> </a></li> <li><a href="https://www.euspa.europa.eu/opportunities/horizon-europe" class="ecl-link"><u>EUSPA, European Union Agency for the Space Programme</u></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.esa.int/" class="ecl-link ecl-link--icon ecl-link--icon-after ecl-link"><span class="ecl-link__label">ESA, European Space Agency</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#external" /></svg></a>  </li> <li><a href="https://starseu.net/" class="ecl-link ecl-link--icon ecl-link--icon-after ecl-link"><span class="ecl-link__label">StarsEU for stakeholders consultation</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#external" /></svg></a>  </li> </ul> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p>*Copyright of images Shuterstock and pexels</p></div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ecl-row"> <div class="ecl-col-s-12"> <div> <div id="block-ewcms-theme-socialshare"> <div class="ecl-social-media-share"> <p class="ecl-social-media-share__description"> Share this page </p> <script type="application/json">{"service":"share","version":"2.0","networks":["twitter","facebook","linkedin","email","more"],"display":"icons","stats":true,"selection":true}</script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer class="ecl-site-footer" data-logo-area-label-en="Home - European Commission" ><div class="ecl-container ecl-site-footer__container"><div class="ecl-site-footer__row"><div class="ecl-site-footer__column"><div class="ecl-site-footer__section ecl-site-footer__section--site-info"><div class="ecl-site-footer__title"><a href="https://defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu/index_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-footer__title-link" >Defence Industry and Space</a></div></div></div><div class="ecl-site-footer__column"><div class="ecl-site-footer__section"><div class="ecl-site-footer__title">About us</div><ul class="ecl-site-footer__list"><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/about-european-commission/departments-and-executive-agencies/defence-industry-and-space_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="About us" data-footer-link-label="About Us" >About Us</a></li></ul></div><div class="ecl-site-footer__section"><div class="ecl-site-footer__title">Follow us</div><ul class="ecl-site-footer__list ecl-site-footer__list--inline"><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/defis_eu" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-link--icon ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="Follow us" data-footer-link-label="@defis_eu" ><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--m ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons-social-media/sprites/icons-social-media.svg#twitter-negative"></use></svg><span class="ecl-link__label">@defis_eu</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/ThierryBreton" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-link--icon ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="Follow us" data-footer-link-label="Commissioner Breton " ><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--m ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons-social-media/sprites/icons-social-media.svg#twitter-negative"></use></svg><span class="ecl-link__label">Commissioner Breton </span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/TimoPesonen1" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-link--icon ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="Follow us" data-footer-link-label="Director General " ><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--m ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons-social-media/sprites/icons-social-media.svg#twitter-negative"></use></svg><span class="ecl-link__label">Director General </span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/CopernicusEU" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-link--icon ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="Follow us" data-footer-link-label="Copernicus " ><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--m ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons-social-media/sprites/icons-social-media.svg#twitter-negative"></use></svg><span class="ecl-link__label">Copernicus </span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/EU4Space" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-link--icon ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="Follow us" data-footer-link-label="@EU4Space" ><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--m ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons-social-media/sprites/icons-social-media.svg#twitter-negative"></use></svg><span class="ecl-link__label">@EU4Space</span></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="ecl-site-footer__column"><div class="ecl-site-footer__section"><div class="ecl-site-footer__title">Related sites</div><ul class="ecl-site-footer__list"><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://www.copernicus.eu" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-link--icon ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="Related sites" data-footer-link-label="More on Copernicus" ><span class="ecl-link__label">More on Copernicus</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#external"></use></svg></a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://www.gsa.europa.eu/european-gnss/galileo/galileo-european-global-satellite-based-navigation-system" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="Related sites" data-footer-link-label="More on Galileo " >More on Galileo </a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://www.gsa.europa.eu/egnos/what-egnos" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="Related sites" data-footer-link-label="More on EGNOS" >More on EGNOS</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="ecl-site-footer__row"><div class="ecl-site-footer__column"><div class="ecl-site-footer__section"><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/index_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-footer__logo-link" ><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-site-footer__picture" title="European Commission" ><source srcset="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/logo/negative/logo-ec--en.svg" media="(min-width: 996px)" ><img class="ecl-site-footer__logo-image" src="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/logo/negative/logo-ec--en.svg" alt="European Commission logo" ></picture></a></div></div><div class="ecl-site-footer__column"><div class="ecl-site-footer__section"><ul class="ecl-site-footer__list"><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/about-european-commission/contact_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="service_navigation" data-footer-link-label="Contact the European Commission" >Contact the European Commission</a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/contact-eu/social-media-channels_en#/search?page=0&institutions=european_commission" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="service_navigation" data-footer-link-label="Follow the European Commission on social media" >Follow the European Commission on social media</a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/resources-partners_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="service_navigation" data-footer-link-label="Resources for partners" >Resources for partners</a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/legal-notice/vulnerability-disclosure-policy_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="service_navigation" data-footer-link-label="Report an IT vulnerability" >Report an IT vulnerability</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="ecl-site-footer__column"><div class="ecl-site-footer__section"><ul class="ecl-site-footer__list"><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/languages-our-websites_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="legal_navigation" data-footer-link-label="Languages on our websites" >Languages on our websites</a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/cookies_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="legal_navigation" data-footer-link-label="Cookies" >Cookies</a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/privacy-policy_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="legal_navigation" data-footer-link-label="Privacy policy" >Privacy policy</a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://commission.europa.eu/legal-notice_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--inverted ecl-site-footer__link" data-section-label-untranslated="legal_navigation" data-footer-link-label="Legal notice" >Legal notice</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></footer> </div> <script type="application/json">{"utility":"piwik","siteID":"6b57d237-10a8-4017-acbb-29b1750634ea","sitePath":["defence-industry-space.ec.europa.eu"],"instance":"ec","dimensions":[{"id":3,"value":"Landing Page"},{"id":4,"value":"space-research"},{"id":5,"value":"Directorate-General-for-Defence-Industry-and-Space"},{"id":6,"value":"Research, Development and Innovation"},{"id":7,"value":"51d4c562-d3c0-433d-84e4-d8563b3249d7"},{"id":8,"value":"EC - STANDARDISED"},{"id":9,"value":"research scientific-research space-research"}]}</script> <script type="application/json">{"utility":"cck"}</script> <script type="application/json">{"service":"laco","include":"#block-ewcms-theme-main-page-content .ecl","coverage":{"document":"any","page":"any"},"icon":"all","exclude":".nolaco, .ecl-file, .ecl-content-item__title","ignore":["filename=([A-Za-z0-9\\-\\_]+)_([A-Za-z]{2}).pdf"]}</script> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/33","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en","urlSuffixes":["bg","cs","da","de","et","el","en","es","fr","ga","hr","it","lv","lt","hu","mt","nl","pl","pt","ro","sk","sl","fi","sv","tr","ar","ca","is","no","uk","ru","zh","lb","sw","he","ja"]},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"ajaxTrustedUrl":{"form_action_p_pvdeGsVG5zNF_XLGPTvYSKCf43t8qZYSwcfZl2uzM":true},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"f75e286dedc4b21555bc1f9574ba48cd1e096898cf0a0485387aac576f9284dd"}}</script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_U61M798p9RpQ-N-TglP-jzXmcVumN_fSD2PfkLwbWpc.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=ewcms_theme&include=eJxVjeEKg0AMg1_IzUcqtXZ60Gul7el8-x1DGfsRSPhCYgwHT2kmMc7eNpTnnR9R0VMMZ_bBGHLlyiNZ3UxZE6RMjn4C04_yO9kVBWJfBj6oxg2-Hjs6s1BcrDbJIkWXhnJVKtJatO85aghmMQW1frbz_yBBNN_5HGLD2qWjTa8WhMkfpghVbQ"></script> <script src="https://webtools.europa.eu/load.js" defer></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_Nt1GQb0_rHkysL4gfXr2-8ScLDUio4lCgq29qcTtURU.js?scope=footer&delta=2&language=en&theme=ewcms_theme&include=eJxVjeEKg0AMg1_IzUcqtXZ60Gul7el8-x1DGfsRSPhCYgwHT2kmMc7eNpTnnR9R0VMMZ_bBGHLlyiNZ3UxZE6RMjn4C04_yO9kVBWJfBj6oxg2-Hjs6s1BcrDbJIkWXhnJVKtJatO85aghmMQW1frbz_yBBNN_5HGLD2qWjTa8WhMkfpghVbQ"></script> <script src="https://ec.europa.eu/wel/surveys/wr_survey01/wr_survey.js" defer></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_W7WWvmCfsY07xjZh47ULnMmSogY2pIYf4EpPD9tNrVY.js?scope=footer&delta=4&language=en&theme=ewcms_theme&include=eJxVjeEKg0AMg1_IzUcqtXZ60Gul7el8-x1DGfsRSPhCYgwHT2kmMc7eNpTnnR9R0VMMZ_bBGHLlyiNZ3UxZE6RMjn4C04_yO9kVBWJfBj6oxg2-Hjs6s1BcrDbJIkWXhnJVKtJatO85aghmMQW1frbz_yBBNN_5HGLD2qWjTa8WhMkfpghVbQ"></script> </body> </html>