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complication</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: complication"> <meta name="keywords" content="complication"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="complication"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 289</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: complication</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">79</span> Role of von Willebrand Factor Antigen as Non-Invasive Biomarker for the Prediction of Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20El%20Horri">Mohamed El Horri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amine%20Mouden"> Amine Mouden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reda%20Messaoudi"> Reda Messaoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Chekkal"> Mohamed Chekkal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Driss%20Benlaldj"> Driss Benlaldj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malika%20Baghdadi"> Malika Baghdadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lahcene%20Benmahdi"> Lahcene Benmahdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatima%20Seghier"> Fatima Seghier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background/aim: Recently, the Von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF-Ag)has been identified as a new marker of portal hypertension (PH) and its complications. Few studies talked about its role in the prediction of esophageal varices. VWF-Ag is considered a non-invasive approach, In order to avoid the endoscopic burden, cost, drawbacks, unpleasant and repeated examinations to the patients. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the ability of this marker in the prediction of another complication of portal hypertension, which is portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG), the one that is diagnosed also by endoscopic tools. Patients and methods: It is about a prospective study, which include 124 cirrhotic patients with no history of bleeding who underwent screening endoscopy for PH-related complications like esophageal varices (EVs) and PHG. Routine biological tests were performed as well as the VWF-Ag testing by both ELFA and Immunoturbidimetric techniques. The diagnostic performance of our marker was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy, and receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: 124 patients were enrolled in this study, with a mean age of 58 years [CI: 55 – 60 years] and a sex ratio of 1.17. Viral etiologies were found in 50% of patients. Screening endoscopy revealed the presence of PHG in 20.2% of cases, while for EVsthey were found in 83.1% of cases. VWF-Ag levels, were significantly increased in patients with PHG compared to those who have not: 441% [CI: 375 – 506], versus 279% [CI: 253 – 304], respectively (p <0.0001). Using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), vWF-Ag was a good predictor for the presence of PHG. With a value higher than 320% and an AUC of 0.824, VWF-Ag had an 84% sensitivity, 74% specificity, 44.7% positive predictive value, 94.8% negative predictive value, and 75.8% diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: VWF-Ag is a good non-invasive low coast marker for excluding the presence of PHG in patients with liver cirrhosis. Using this marker as part of a selective screening strategy might reduce the need for endoscopic screening and the coast of the management of these kinds of patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=von%20willebrand%20factor" title="von willebrand factor">von willebrand factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=portal%20hypertensive%20gastropathy" title=" portal hypertensive gastropathy"> portal hypertensive gastropathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prediction" title=" prediction"> prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liver%20cirrhosis" title=" liver cirrhosis"> liver cirrhosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143425/role-of-von-willebrand-factor-antigen-as-non-invasive-biomarker-for-the-prediction-of-portal-hypertensive-gastropathy-in-patients-with-liver-cirrhosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143425.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">78</span> Maternal Perception of Using Epidural Anesthesia and the Childbirth Outcomes </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiyoung%20Kim">Jiyoung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chae%20Weon%20Chung"> Chae Weon Chung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Labor pain is one of the most common concerns of pregnant women, thus women are in need of possible options they could take to control the pain. So, this study aimed to explore maternal perception of epidural anesthesia and to compare the childbirth outcomes according to the use of epidural anesthesia. For this descriptive study, women who were over 36 weeks of pregnancy were recruited from an out-patient obstetric clinic in a public hospital in Seoul. Women were included in the study if agreed to participate, were pregnant singleton, without pregnancy complication, and expecting a natural birth. Data collection was done twice, the first one at the prenatal care visit and the second one at an in-patient ward on 2nd day postpartum. The instrument of the beliefs about epidural anesthesia, one item of asking intention to use epidural anesthesia, demographics, and obstetrical characteristics were incorporated into a questionnaire. One nurse researcher performed data collection with the structured questionnaire after the approval of the institutional review board. At the initial data collection 133 women were included, while 117 were retained at the second point after excluded 13 women due to the occurrence of complications. Analyses were done by chi-square, t-test, and ANOVA using the SPSS program. Women were aged 32.5 years old, 22.2% were over 35 years old. The average gestational age was 38.5 weeks, and 67.5% were nulliparous. Out of 38 multiparous women, 20 women (52.6%) had received epidural anesthesia in the previous delivery. At the initial interview, 62.6% (n=73) of women wanted to receive epidural anesthesia while 22.4% answered not decided and 15.4% did not want to take the procedure. However, there were changes in proportions between women’s intention to take it and actual procedures done, particularly, two-thirds of women (n=26) who had been undecided were found to receive epidural anesthesia during labor. There was a significant difference in the perception of epidural anesthesia measured before delivery between women who received and not received it (t=3.68, p < .001). Delivery outcomes were statistically different between the two groups in delivery mode (chi-square=8.64, p=.01), O₂ supply during labor (chi-square =5.01, p=.03), duration of 2nd stage of labor (t=3.70, p < .001), and arterial cord blood pH (t=2.64, p=.01). Interestingly, there was no difference in labor pain perceived between women with and without epidural anesthesia. Considering the preference and use of epidural anesthesia, health professionals need to assess coping ability of women undergoing delivery and to provide accurate information about pain control to support their decision making and eventually to enhance delivery outcomes for mothers and neonates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidural%20anesthesia" title="epidural anesthesia">epidural anesthesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delivery%20outcomes" title=" delivery outcomes"> delivery outcomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labor%20pain" title=" labor pain"> labor pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception" title=" perception"> perception</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95424/maternal-perception-of-using-epidural-anesthesia-and-the-childbirth-outcomes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95424.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">77</span> Photobiomodulation Activates WNT/β-catenin Signaling for Wound Healing in an in Vitro Diabetic Wound Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimakatso%20B.%20Gumede">Dimakatso B. Gumede</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicolette%20N.%20Houreld"> Nicolette N. Houreld</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), a metabolic disease caused by insulin resistance or insufficiency, resulting in hyperglycaemia and low-grade chronic inflammation. Current therapies for treating DFUs include wound debridement, glycaemic control, and wound dressing. However, these therapies are moderately effective as there is a recurrence of these ulcers and an increased risk of lower limb amputations. Photobiomodulation (PBM), which is the application of non-invasive low-level light for wound healing at the spectrum of 660-1000 nm, has shown great promise in accelerating the healing of chronic wounds. However, its underlying mechanisms are not clearly defined. Studies have indicated that PBM induces wound healing via the activation of signaling pathways that are involved in tissue repair, such as the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). However, other signaling pathways, such as the WNT/β-catenin pathway, which is also critical for wound repair, have not been investigated. This study aimed to elucidate if PBM at 660 nm and a fluence of 5 J/cm² activates the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway for wound healing in a diabetic cellular model. Human dermal fibroblasts (WS1) were continuously cultured high-glucose (26.5 mM D-glucose) environment to create a diabetic cellular model. A central scratch was created in the diabetic model to ‘wound’ the cells. The diabetic wounded (DW) cells were thereafter irradiated at 660 nm and a fluence of 5 J/cm². Cell migration, gene expression and protein assays were conducted at 24- and 48-h post-PBM. The results showed that PBM at 660 nm and a fluence of 5 J/cm² significantly increased cell migration in diabetic wounded cells at 24-h post-PBM. The expression of CTNNB1, ACTA2, COL1A1 and COL3A1 genes was also increased in DW cells post-PBM. Furthermore, there was increased cytoplasmic accumulation and nuclear localization of β-catenin at 24 h post-PBM. The findings in this study demonstrate that PBM activates the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway by inducing the accumulation of β-catenin in diabetic wounded cells, leading to increased cell migration and expression of wound repair markers. These results thus indicate that PBM has the potential to improve wound healing in diabetic ulcers via activation of the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wound%20healing" title="wound healing">wound healing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetic%20ulcers" title=" diabetic ulcers"> diabetic ulcers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photobiomodulation" title=" photobiomodulation"> photobiomodulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WNT%2F%CE%B2-catenin" title=" WNT/β-catenin"> WNT/β-catenin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signalling%20pathway" title=" signalling pathway"> signalling pathway</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188444/photobiomodulation-activates-wntv-catenin-signaling-for-wound-healing-in-an-in-vitro-diabetic-wound-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188444.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">40</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">76</span> Lessons Learned in Implementing Programs to Delay Diabetic Nephropathy Management in Primary Health Care: Case Study in Sakon Nakhon Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sasiwan%20Tassana-iem">Sasiwan Tassana-iem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumattana%20Glangkarn"> Sumattana Glangkarn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diabetic nephropathy is a major complication in diabetic patients whom as the glomerular filtration rate falls. The affects their quality of life and results in loss of money for kidney replacement therapy costs. There is an existing intervention, but the prevalence remains high, thus this research aims to study lessons learned in implementing programs to delay diabetic nephropathy management in primary health care. Method: The target settings are, 24 sub-district health promoting hospital in Sakon Nakhon province. Participants included the health care professionals, head of the sub-district health promoting hospital and the person responsible for managing diabetic nephropathy in each hospital (n= 50). There are 400 patients with diabetes mellitus in an area. Data were collected using questionnaires, patient records data, interviews and focus groups and analyzed by statistics and content analysis. Result: Reflection of participants that the interventions to delay diabetic nephropathy management in each area, the Ministry of Public Health has a policy to screen and manage this disease. The implementing programs aimed to provide health education, innovative teaching media used in communication to educate. Patients and caregivers had misunderstanding about the actual causes and prevention of this disease and how to apply knowledge suitable for daily life. Conclusion: The obstacles to the success of the implementing programs to delay diabetic nephropathy management in primary health care were most importantly, the patient needs self-care and should be evaluated for health literacy. This is crucial to promote health literacy; to access and understand health information as well to decide their health-related choices based on health information which will promote and maintain a good health. This preliminary research confirms that situation of diabetic nephropathy still exists. The results of this study will lead to the development of delay in diabetic nephropathy implementation among patients in the province studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetic%20nephropathy" title="diabetic nephropathy">diabetic nephropathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20kidney%20disease" title=" chronic kidney disease"> chronic kidney disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20health%20care" title=" primary health care"> primary health care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implementation" title=" implementation"> implementation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79458/lessons-learned-in-implementing-programs-to-delay-diabetic-nephropathy-management-in-primary-health-care-case-study-in-sakon-nakhon-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79458.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">200</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">75</span> Experience of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis in Remote Area of Southeast Bangladesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafiqul%20Hasan">Rafiqul Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20S.%20M.%20Tanim%20Anwar"> A. S. M. Tanim Anwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Azizul%20Hakim"> Mohammad Azizul Hakim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem that continues to increase in prevalence globally. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease is increasing day by day in low to middle income countries (LMICs). People living in LMICs have the highest need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) despite they have lowest access to various modalities of treatment. As continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) does not require advanced technologies, very much infrastructure, dialysis staff support, it should be an ideal form of RRT in LMICs, particularly for those living in remote areas. To authors knowledge there was scarcity of data regarding CAPD performance in remote area of Bangladesh. This study was aimed to report the characteristics and outcomes of CAPD in ESRD patients lived in least developed area of Bangladesh. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in Cox’sbazar Medical College Hospital, Cox’sbazar and Parkview hospital Ltd, Chattogram, Bangladesh. Data were collected by questionnaire from the patients of any age with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who underwent CAPD in 2018–2021. The baseline characteristics, PD-related complication as well as patient and technique survivals were analyzed. Results: Out of 31 patients who underwent CAPD, 18 (58%) were male on the age range of 15–79 years. The mean follow-up duration was 18 months. Mortality was inversely related with the EF of echocardiography. The peritonitis rate was 0.48 episodes per patient per year. The 1, 3 and 4-year patient survival rates were 64.34% (95% CI = 52.5–81.5), 23.79% (95% CI = 17.9 – 57.4) and 3.22% (95% CI = 31.2–77.5) respectively. Conclusions: In this study, CAPD performance was poorer than usual reference. Cardiac compromised patient and inappropriate dwell might be the main contributing factors behind this scenario. The peritonitis rate was nearly similar to that of developed countries. CAPD was cost effective than HD in remote area. Some accessible measures may be taken to make CAPD a more acceptable RRT modality with improved outcomes in poor socioeconomic backgrounds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dialysis%20cost" title="dialysis cost">dialysis cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peritoneal%20dialysis" title=" peritoneal dialysis"> peritoneal dialysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peritonitis" title=" peritonitis"> peritonitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAPD" title=" CAPD"> CAPD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=least%20developed%20area" title=" least developed area"> least developed area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20area" title=" remote area"> remote area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bangladesh" title=" Bangladesh"> Bangladesh</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182207/experience-of-continuous-ambulatory-peritoneal-dialysis-in-remote-area-of-southeast-bangladesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182207.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">74</span> Predictors of Clinical Failure After Endoscopic Lumbar Spine Surgery During the Initial Learning Curve</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Scherman">Daniel Scherman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Madani"> Daniel Madani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanu%20Gambhir"> Shanu Gambhir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcus%20Ling%20Zhixing"> Marcus Ling Zhixing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yingda%20Li"> Yingda Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: This study aims to identify clinical factors that may predict failed endoscopic lumbar spine surgery to guide surgeons with patient selection during the initial learning curve. Methods: This is an Australasian prospective analysis of the first 105 patients to undergo lumbar endoscopic spine decompression by 3 surgeons. Modified MacNab outcomes, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Visual Analogue Score (VAS) scores were utilized to evaluate clinical outcomes at 6 months postoperatively. Descriptive statistics and Anova t-tests were performed to measure statistically significant (p<0.05) associations between variables using GraphPad Prism v10. Results: Patients undergoing endoscopic lumbar surgery via an interlaminar or transforaminal approach have overall good/excellent modified MacNab outcomes and a significant reduction in post-operative VAS and ODI scores. Regardless of the anatomical location of disc herniations, good/excellent modified MacNab outcomes and significant reductions in VAS and ODI were reported post-operatively; however, not in patients with calcified disc herniations. Patients with central and foraminal stenosis overall reported poor/fair modified MacNab outcomes. However, there were significant reductions in VAS and ODI scores post-operatively. Patients with subarticular stenosis or an associated spondylolisthesis reported good/excellent modified MacNab outcomes and significant reductions in VAS and ODI scores post-operatively. Patients with disc herniation and concurrent degenerative stenosis had generally poor/fair modified MacNab outcomes. Conclusion: The outcomes of endoscopic spine surgery are encouraging, with a low complication and reoperation rate. However, patients with calcified disc herniations, central canal stenosis or a disc herniation with concurrent degenerative stenosis present challenges during the initial learning curve and may benefit from traditional open or other minimally invasive techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complications" title="complications">complications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lumbar%20disc%20herniation" title=" lumbar disc herniation"> lumbar disc herniation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lumbar%20endoscopic%20spine%20surgery" title=" lumbar endoscopic spine surgery"> lumbar endoscopic spine surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictors%20of%20failed%20endoscopic%20spine%20surgery" title=" predictors of failed endoscopic spine surgery"> predictors of failed endoscopic spine surgery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181406/predictors-of-clinical-failure-after-endoscopic-lumbar-spine-surgery-during-the-initial-learning-curve" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181406.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">73</span> Study on Effectiveness of Strategies to Re-Establish Landscape Connectivity of Expressways with Reference to Southern Expressway Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20G.%20I.%20Aroshana">N. G. I. Aroshana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Edirisooriya"> S. Edirisooriya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Construction of highway is the most emerging development tendency in Sri Lanka. With these development activities, there are a lot of environmental and social issues started. Landscape fragmentation is one of the main issues that highly effect to the environment by the construction of expressways. Sri Lankan expressway system getting effort to treat fragmented landscape by using highway crossing structures. This paper designates, a highway post construction landscape study on the effectiveness of the landscape connectivity structures to restore connectivity. Geographic Information Systems (GIS), least cost path tool has been used in the selected two plots; 25km alone the expressway to identify animal crossing paths. Animal accident data use as measure for determining the most contributed plot for landscape connectivity. Number of patches, Mean patch size, Class area use as a parameter to determine the most effective land use class to reestablish the landscape connectivity. The findings of the research express scrub, grass and marsh were the most positively affected land use typologies for increase the landscape connectivity. It represents the growth increased by 8% within the 12 years of time. From the least cost analysis within the plot one, 28.5% of total animal crossing structures are within the high resistance land use classes. Southern expressway used reinforced compressed earth technologies for construction. It has been controlled the growth of the climax community. According to all findings, it could assume that involvement of the landscape crossing structures contributes to re-establish connectivity, but it is not enough to restore the majority of disturbance performed by the expressway. Connectivity measures used within the study can use as a tool for re-evaluate future involvement of highway crossing structures. Proper placement of the highway crossing structures leads to increase the rate of connectivity. The study recommends that monitoring the all stages (preconstruction, construction and post construction) of the project and preliminary design, and the involvement of the research applied connectivity assessment strategies helps to overcome the complication regarding the re-establishment of landscape connectivity using the highway crossing structures that facilitate the growth of flora and fauna. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landscape%20fragmentation" title="landscape fragmentation">landscape fragmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=least%20cost%20path" title=" least cost path"> least cost path</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20use%20analysis" title=" land use analysis"> land use analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landscape%20connectivity%20structures" title=" landscape connectivity structures"> landscape connectivity structures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82592/study-on-effectiveness-of-strategies-to-re-establish-landscape-connectivity-of-expressways-with-reference-to-southern-expressway-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82592.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">72</span> Surgical Treatment of Glaucoma – Literature and Video Review of Blebs, Tubes, and Micro-Invasive Glaucoma Surgeries (MIGS)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Miguel">Ana Miguel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: Glaucoma is the second cause of worldwide blindness and the first cause of irreversible blindness. Trabeculectomy, the standard glaucoma surgery, has a success rate between 36.0% and 98.0% at three years and a high complication rate, leading to the development of different surgeries, micro-invasive glaucoma surgeries (MIGS). MIGS devices are diverse and have various indications, risks, and effectiveness. We intended to review MIGS’ surgical techniques, indications, contra-indications, and IOP effect. Methods: We performed a literature review of MIGS to differentiate the devices and their reported effectiveness compared to traditional surgery (tubes and blebs). We also conducted a video review of the last 1000 glaucoma surgeries of the author (including MIGS, but also trabeculectomy, deep sclerectomy, and tubes of Ahmed and Baerveldt) performed at glaucoma and advanced anterior segment fellowship in Canada and France, to describe preferred surgical techniques for each. Results: We present the videos with surgical techniques and pearls for each surgery. Glaucoma surgeries included: 1- bleb surgery (namely trabeculectomy, with releasable sutures or with slip knots, deep sclerectomy, Ahmed valve, Baerveldt tube), 2- MIGS with bleb, also known as MIBS (including XEN 45, XEN 63, and Preserflo), 3- MIGS increasing supra-choroidal flow (iStar), 4-MIGS increasing trabecular flow (iStent, gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy - GATT, goniotomy, excimer laser trabeculostomy -ELT), and 5-MIGS decreasing aqueous humor production (endocyclophotocoagulation, ECP). There was also needling (ab interno and ab externo) performed at the operating room and irido-zonulo-hyaloïdectomy (IZHV). Each technique had different indications and contra-indications. Conclusion: MIGS are valuable in glaucoma surgery, such as traditional surgery with trabeculectomy and tubes. All glaucoma surgery can be combined with phacoemulsification (there may be a synergistic effect on MIGS + cataract surgery). In addition, some MIGS may be combined for further intraocular pressure lowering effect (for example, iStents with goniotomy and ECP). A good surgical technique and postoperative management are fundamental to increasing success and good practice in all glaucoma surgery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glaucoma" title="glaucoma">glaucoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migs" title=" migs"> migs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgery" title=" surgery"> surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=video" title=" video"> video</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=review" title=" review"> review</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162837/surgical-treatment-of-glaucoma-literature-and-video-review-of-blebs-tubes-and-micro-invasive-glaucoma-surgeries-migs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162837.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">71</span> The Confounding Role of Graft-versus-Host Disease in Animal Models of Cancer Immunotherapy: A Systematic Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hami%20Ashraf">Hami Ashraf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Heydarnejad"> Mohammad Heydarnejad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The landscape of cancer treatment has been revolutionized by immunotherapy, offering novel therapeutic avenues for diverse cancer types. Animal models play a pivotal role in the development and elucidation of these therapeutic modalities. Nevertheless, the manifestation of Graft-versus-Host Disease (GVHD) in such models poses significant challenges, muddling the interpretation of experimental data within the ambit of cancer immunotherapy. This study is dedicated to scrutinizing the role of GVHD as a confounding factor in animal models used for cancer immunotherapy, alongside proposing viable strategies to mitigate this complication. Method: Employing a systematic review framework, this study undertakes a comprehensive literature survey including academic journals in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases and conference proceedings to collate pertinent research that delves into the impact of GVHD on animal models in cancer immunotherapy. The acquired studies undergo rigorous analysis and synthesis, aiming to assess the influence of GVHD on experimental results while identifying strategies to alleviate its confounding effects. Results: Findings indicate that GVHD incidence significantly skews the reliability and applicability of experimental outcomes, occasionally leading to erroneous interpretations. The literature surveyed also sheds light on various methodologies under exploration to counteract the GVHD dilemma, thereby bolstering the experimental integrity in this domain. Conclusion: GVHD's presence critically affects both the interpretation and validity of experimental findings, underscoring the imperative for strategies to curtail its confounding impacts. Current research endeavors are oriented towards devising solutions to this issue, aiming to augment the dependability and pertinence of experimental results. It is incumbent upon researchers to diligently consider and adjust for GVHD's effects, thereby enhancing the translational potential of animal model findings to clinical applications and propelling progress in the arena of cancer immunotherapy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graft-versus-host%20disease" title="graft-versus-host disease">graft-versus-host disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20immunotherapy" title=" cancer immunotherapy"> cancer immunotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20models" title=" animal models"> animal models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preclinical%20model" title=" preclinical model"> preclinical model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176283/the-confounding-role-of-graft-versus-host-disease-in-animal-models-of-cancer-immunotherapy-a-systematic-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176283.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">51</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">70</span> Adequate Dietary Intake to Improve Outcome of Urine: Urea Nitrogen with Balance Nitrogen and Total Lymphocyte Count </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mardiana%20Madjid">Mardiana Madjid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurpudji%20Astuti%20Taslim"> Nurpudji Astuti Taslim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suryani%20As%27ad"> Suryani As'ad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haerani%20Rasyid"> Haerani Rasyid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agussalim%20%20Bukhari"> Agussalim Bukhari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The high level of Urine Urea Nitrogen (UUN) indicates hypercatabolism occurs in hospitalized patients. High levels of Total Lymphocyte Count (TLC) indicates the immune system condition, adequate wound healing, and limit complication. Adequate dietary intake affects to decrease of hypercatabolism status in treated patient’s hospitals. Nitrogen Balance (NB) is simply the difference between nitrogen (N₂) intake and output. If more N₂ intake than output, then positive NB or anabolic will occur. This study aims to evaluate the effect of dietary intake in influencing balance nitrogen and total lymphocyte count. Method: A total of 43 patients admitted to a Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital between 2018 and 2019 for 10 days' treats are included. The inclusion criteria were patients who were treated for 10 days and receives food from the hospital orally. Patients did not experience gastrointestinal disorders such as vomiting and diarrhea and experience impair kidney function and liver function and expressed approval to participate in this study. During hospitalization, food intake, UUN, albumin serum, balance nitrogen, and TLC was assessed twice on day 1 and day 10. There is no Physician Clinical Nutritional intervention to correct food intake. UUN is 24 hours of urine collected on the second day after admission and the tenth day. Statistical analysis uses SPSS 24 with observational cohort methods. Result: The Forty-three participants completed the follow-up (27 men and 18 women). The age of fewer than 4 years is 22 people, 45 to 60 years is 16 people, and over 60 years is 4 people. The result of the study on day 1 obtained SGA score A, SGA score B, SGA score C are 8, 32, 3 until day 10 are 8, 31, 4, respectively. According to 24h dietary recalls, the energy intake during observation was from 522.5 ± 400.4 to 1011.9 ± 545.1 kcal/day P < 0.05, protein intake from 20.07 ± 17.2 to 40.3 ± 27.3 g/day P < 0.05, carbohydrates from 92.5 ± 71.6 to 184.8 ± 87.4 g/day, and fat from 5.5 ± 3.86 to 13.9 ± 13.9 g/day. The UUN during the observation was from 6.6 ± 7.3 to 5.5 ± 3.9 g/day, TLC decreased from 1622.9 ± 897.2 to 1319.9 ± 636.3/mm³ value target 1800/mm³, albumin serum from 3.07 ± 0.76 to 2.9 ± 0.57 g/day, and BN from -7.5 ± 7.2 to -3.1 ± 4.86. Conclusion: The high level of UUN needs to correct adequate dietary intake to improve NB and TLC status on hospitalized patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adequate%20dietary%20intake" title="adequate dietary intake">adequate dietary intake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balance%20nitrogen" title=" balance nitrogen"> balance nitrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20lymphocyte%20count" title=" total lymphocyte count"> total lymphocyte count</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urine%20urea%20nitrogen" title=" urine urea nitrogen"> urine urea nitrogen</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123476/adequate-dietary-intake-to-improve-outcome-of-urine-urea-nitrogen-with-balance-nitrogen-and-total-lymphocyte-count" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123476.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">69</span> Trends in Endoscopic Versus Open Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arman%20Kishan">Arman Kishan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjay%20Kubsad"> Sanjay Kubsad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steve%20Li"> Steve Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Haft"> Mark Haft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duc%20Nguyen"> Duc Nguyen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dawn%20Laporte"> Dawn Laporte</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Carpal tunnel syndrome can be managed surgically with endoscopic or open carpal tunnel release (CTR). Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a known risk factor for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) and is believed to be related to compression of the median nerve secondary to inflammation. We aimed to analyze national trends, outcomes, and patient-specific comorbidities associated with ECTR and OCTR in patients with RA. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the PearlDiver database, identifying 683 RA patients undergoing ECTR and 4234 undergoing OCTR between 2010 and 2014. Demographic data, comorbidities, and complication rates were analyzed. Univariate and multivariable analyses assessed differences between the treatment methods. Results:  Patients with RA undergoing ECTR in comparison to OCTR had no significant differences in medical comorbidities such as hypertension, obesity, chronic kidney disease, hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus. Patients in the ECTR group reported a risk ratio of 1.44 (95%CI: 1.10-1.89, p=0.01) of requiring repeat procedures within 90 days of the initial procedure. Five-year trends in ECTR and OCTR procedures reported a combined annual growth rate of 5.6% and 13.15, respectively. Conclusion: Endoscopic and open approaches to CTR are important considerations in surgical planning. RA and ECTR have previously been identified as independent risk factors for revision CTR. Our study has identified the 90-day risk of repeat procedures to be elevated in the ECTR group in comparison to the OCTR group. Additionally, the growth of OCTR procedures has outpaced the growth of ECTR procedures in the same period, likely in response to the trend of ECTR leading to higher rates of repeat procedures. The need for revision following ECTR in patients with RA could be related to chronic inflammation leading to transverse carpal ligament thickening and concomitant tenosynovitis. Future directions could include further characterization of repeat procedures performed in this subset of patients.  <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endoscopic%20treatment%20of%20carpal%20tunnel%20syndrome" title="endoscopic treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome">endoscopic treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20treatment%20of%20carpal%20tunnel%20syndrome" title=" open treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome"> open treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheumatoid%20arthritis" title=" rheumatoid arthritis"> rheumatoid arthritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trends%20analysis" title=" trends analysis"> trends analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carpal%20tunnel%20syndrome" title=" carpal tunnel syndrome"> carpal tunnel syndrome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170987/trends-in-endoscopic-versus-open-treatment-of-carpal-tunnel-syndrome-in-rheumatoid-arthritis-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170987.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">68</span> Evaluation of Associated Risk Factors and Determinants of near Miss Obstetric Cases at B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madan%20Khadka">Madan Khadka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dhruba%20Uprety"> Dhruba Uprety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rubina%20Rai"> Rubina Rai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and objective: In 2011, around 273,465 women died worldwide during pregnancy, childbirth or within 42 days after childbirth. Near-miss is recognized as the predictor of the level of care and maternal death. The objective of the study was to evaluate the associated risk factors of near-miss obstetric cases and maternal death. Material and Methods A Prospective Observational Study was done from August 1, 2014, to June 30, 2015, in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at BPKIHS hospital, tertiary care hospital in Eastern Nepal, Dharan. Case eligible by the 5-factor scoring system and WHO near miss criteria were evaluated. Risk factors included severe hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, and a complication of abortion, ruptured uterus, medical/surgical condition and sepsis. Results: A total of 9,727 delivery were attended during the study period from August 2014 to June 2014. There were 6307 (71.5%) vaginal delivery and 2777(28.5%) caesarean section and 181 perinatal death with a total of 9,546 live birth. A total of 162 near miss was identified, and 16 maternal death occurred during the study. Maternal near miss rate of 16.6 per 1000 live birth, Women with life-threatening conditions (WLTC) of 172, Severe maternal outcome ratio of 18.64 per 1000 live birth, Maternal near-miss mortality ratio (MNM: 1 MD) 10.1:1, Mortality index (MI) of 8.98%. Risk factors were obstetric hemorrhage 27.8%, abortion/ectopic 27.2%, eclampsia 16%, medical/surgical condition 14.8%, sepsis 13.6%, severe preeclamsia 11.1%, ruptured uterus 3.1%, and molar pregnancy 1.9%. 19.75% were prim gravidae, with mean age 25.66 yrs, and cardiovascular and coagulation dysfunction as a major life threatening condition and sepsis (25%) was the major cause of mortality. Conclusion: Hemorrhage and hypertensive disorders are the leading causes of near miss event and sepsis as a leading cause of mortality. As near miss analysis indicates the quality of health care, it is worth presenting in national indices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abortion" title="abortion">abortion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eclampsia" title=" eclampsia"> eclampsia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemorrhage" title=" hemorrhage"> hemorrhage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternal%20mortility" title=" maternal mortility"> maternal mortility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=near%20miss" title=" near miss"> near miss</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73696/evaluation-of-associated-risk-factors-and-determinants-of-near-miss-obstetric-cases-at-bp-koirala-institute-of-health-sciences-dharan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73696.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">67</span> Housing Price Dynamics: Comparative Study of 1980-1999 and the New Millenium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Janne%20Engblom">Janne Engblom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elias%20Oikarinen"> Elias Oikarinen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The understanding of housing price dynamics is of importance to a great number of agents: to portfolio investors, banks, real estate brokers and construction companies as well as to policy makers and households. A panel dataset is one that follows a given sample of individuals over time, and thus provides multiple observations on each individual in the sample. Panel data models include a variety of fixed and random effects models which form a wide range of linear models. A special case of panel data models is dynamic in nature. A complication regarding a dynamic panel data model that includes the lagged dependent variable is endogeneity bias of estimates. Several approaches have been developed to account for this problem. In this paper, the panel models were estimated using the Common Correlated Effects estimator (CCE) of dynamic panel data which also accounts for cross-sectional dependence which is caused by common structures of the economy. In presence of cross-sectional dependence standard OLS gives biased estimates. In this study, U.S housing price dynamics were examined empirically using the dynamic CCE estimator with first-difference of housing price as the dependent and first-differences of per capita income, interest rate, housing stock and lagged price together with deviation of housing prices from their long-run equilibrium level as independents. These deviations were also estimated from the data. The aim of the analysis was to provide estimates with comparisons of estimates between 1980-1999 and 2000-2012. Based on data of 50 U.S cities over 1980-2012 differences of short-run housing price dynamics estimates were mostly significant when two time periods were compared. Significance tests of differences were provided by the model containing interaction terms of independents and time dummy variable. Residual analysis showed very low cross-sectional correlation of the model residuals compared with the standard OLS approach. This means a good fit of CCE estimator model. Estimates of the dynamic panel data model were in line with the theory of housing price dynamics. Results also suggest that dynamics of a housing market is evolving over time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20model" title="dynamic model">dynamic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panel%20data" title=" panel data"> panel data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-sectional%20dependence" title=" cross-sectional dependence"> cross-sectional dependence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction%20model" title=" interaction model"> interaction model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50416/housing-price-dynamics-comparative-study-of-1980-1999-and-the-new-millenium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50416.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">66</span> Interaction Between Task Complexity and Collaborative Learning on Virtual Patient Design: The Effects on Students’ Performance, Cognitive Load, and Task Time</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Jannesarvatan">Fatemeh Jannesarvatan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghazaal%20Parastooei"> Ghazaal Parastooei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jimmy%20frerejan"> Jimmy frerejan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saedeh%20Mokhtari"> Saedeh Mokhtari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Van%20Rosmalen"> Peter Van Rosmalen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Medical and dental education increasingly emphasizes the acquisition, integration, and coordination of complex knowledge, skills, and attitudes that can be applied in practical situations. Instructional design approaches have focused on using real-life tasks in order to facilitate complex learning in both real and simulated environments. The Four component instructional design (4C/ID) model has become a useful guideline for designing instructional materials that improve learning transfer, especially in health profession education. The objective of this study was to apply the 4C/ID model in the creation of virtual patients (VPs) that dental students can use to practice their clinical management and clinical reasoning skills. The study first explored the context and concept of complication factors and common errors for novices and how they can affect the design of a virtual patient program. The study then selected key dental information and considered the content needs of dental students. The design of virtual patients was based on the 4C/ID model's fundamental principles, which included: Designing learning tasks that reflect real patient scenarios and applying different levels of task complexity to challenge students to apply their knowledge and skills in different contexts. Creating varied learning materials that support students during the VP program and are closely integrated with the learning tasks and students' curricula. Cognitive feedback was provided at different levels of the program. Providing procedural information where students followed a step-by-step process from history taking to writing a comprehensive treatment plan. Four virtual patients were designed using the 4C/ID model's principles, and an experimental design was used to test the effectiveness of the principles in achieving the intended educational outcomes. The 4C/ID model provides an effective framework for designing engaging and successful virtual patients that support the transfer of knowledge and skills for dental students. However, there are some challenges and pitfalls that instructional designers should take into account when developing these educational tools. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=4C%2FID%20model" title="4C/ID model">4C/ID model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20patients" title=" virtual patients"> virtual patients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental" title=" dental"> dental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instructional%20design" title=" instructional design"> instructional design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164385/interaction-between-task-complexity-and-collaborative-learning-on-virtual-patient-design-the-effects-on-students-performance-cognitive-load-and-task-time" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">65</span> A 30 Year Audit of the Vascular Complications of Ports: Permanent Intravascular Access Devices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kershaw">S. Kershaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20J.%20Barry"> P. J. Barry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Webb"> K. Webb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a chronic lung disease where patients have chronic lung infection punctuated by acute exacerbations that require intermittent intravenous (IV) antibiotics during their lives. With time, peripheral venous access can become difficult and limited. Accessing these veins can become arduous, traumatic, painful and unworkable. A permanent intravascular access device or Port is a small device that is inserted into the central venous system that allows the delivery of medicine eliminating the need for peripheral venous access. Ports represent a convenient and efficient method when venous access is required on a permanent basis however they are also associated with significant vascular complications. Superior Vena Cava Obstruction (SVCO) is a rare but significant vascular complication of ports in this setting. Objective: We aimed to look at a single CF centre’s experience of port-related SVCO over a thirty year period. Methods: Retrospective data was extracted using patient’s notes, electronic radiological reports and local databases over a period in excess of 30 years from 1982 to 2014. Results: 13 patients were identified with SVCO as a result of their port. 11 patients had CF (9 female, 2 male), one male patient had Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia and one female patient had severe Asthma. The mean port function was 1532 days (range 110 – 4049) and the mean age at SVCO was 24 years (range 11.1 to 36.5 years). The most common symptoms were facial oedema (n=8, 61.5%) and dilated veins (n=6, 46.2%). 7 patients had their Ports removed after SVCO. 6 patients underwent attempted stenting (46.2%) and 6 did not. 4 out of the 6 who underwent stenting required/had re-intervention. 3 of the 6 patients who underwent stenting had symptom resolution, however, 4 of the 6 patients who were not stented had symptom resolution also. Symptom resolution was not guaranteed with stenting and required re-intervention in two-thirds. Conclusion: This case series represents the experience of one of the longest established CF units in the UK and represents the largest cohort ever reported in the literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ports" title="ports">ports</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Superior%20Vena%20Cava%20Obstruction" title=" Superior Vena Cava Obstruction"> Superior Vena Cava Obstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cystic%20fibrosis" title=" cystic fibrosis"> cystic fibrosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=access%20devices" title=" access devices "> access devices </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16886/a-30-year-audit-of-the-vascular-complications-of-ports-permanent-intravascular-access-devices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16886.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">64</span> Hypocalcaemia Inducing Heart Failure: A Rare Presentation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Kherraf">A. Kherraf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Bouziane"> M. Bouziane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Azzouzi"> L. Azzouzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Habbal"> R. Habbal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Hypocalcaemia is a rare cause of heart failure. We report the clinical case of a young patient with reversible dilated cardiomyopathy secondary to hypocalcaemia in the context of hyperparathyroidism. Clinical case: We report the clinical case of a 23-year-old patient with a history of thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma 3 years previously, who presented to the emergency room with a progressive onset dyspnea and edema of the lower limbs. Clinical examination showed hypotension at 90/70 mmHg, tachycardia at 102 bpm, and edema of the lower limbs. The ECG showed a regular sinus rhythm with a prolonged corrected QT interval to 520ms. The chest x-ray showed cardiomegaly. Echocardiography revealed dilated cardiomyopathy with biventricular dysfunction and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 45%, as well as moderate mitral insufficiency by restriction of the posterior mitral leaflet, moderate tricuspid insufficiency, and a dilated inferior vena cava with a pulmonary arterial pressure estimated at 46 mmHg. Blood tests revealed severe hypocalcemia at 38 mg / l with normal albumin and thyroxine levels, as well as hyperphosphatemia and increased TSH. The patient received calcium intake and vitamin D supplementation and was treated with beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, and diuretics with good progress and progressive normalization of cardiac function. Discussion: The cardiovascular manifestations of hypocalcaemia usually appear with deeply low serum calcium levels. This can lead to hypotension, arrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation, prolonged QT interval, or even heart failure. Heart failure is a rare and serious complication of hypocalcemia but most often characterized by complete normalization of myocardial function after treatment. The etiology of the hypocalcaemia, in this case, was probably related to accidental parathyroid removal during thyroidectomy. This is why careful monitoring of calcium levels is recommended after surgery. Conclusion: Hypocalcemic heart failure is rare but reversible heart disease. Systematic monitoring of serum calcium should be performed in all patients after thyroid surgery to avoid any complications related to hypoparathyroidism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypocalcemia" title="hypocalcemia">hypocalcemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heart%20failure" title=" heart failure"> heart failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroid%20surgery" title=" thyroid surgery"> thyroid surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypoparathyroidism" title=" hypoparathyroidism"> hypoparathyroidism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143797/hypocalcaemia-inducing-heart-failure-a-rare-presentation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143797.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">63</span> Early Outcomes and Lessons from the Implementation of a Geriatric Hip Fracture Protocol at a Level 1 Trauma Center</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Park">Peter Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alfonso%20Ayala"> Alfonso Ayala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Douglas%20Saeks"> Douglas Saeks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jordan%20Miller"> Jordan Miller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carmen%20Flores"> Carmen Flores</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20Nelson"> Karen Nelson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction Hip fractures account for more than 300,000 hospital admissions every year. Many present as fragility fractures in geriatric patients with multiple medical comorbidities. Standardized protocols for the multidisciplinary management of this patient population have been shown to improve patient outcomes. A hip fracture protocol was implemented at a Level I Trauma center with a focus on pre-operative medical optimization and early surgical care. This study evaluates the efficacy of that protocol, including the early transition period. Methods A retrospective review was performed of all patients ages 60 and older with isolated hip fractures who were managed surgically between 2020 and 2022. This included patients 1 year prior and 1 year following the implementation of a hip fracture protocol at a Level I Trauma center. Results 530 patients were identified: 249 patients were treated before, and 281 patients were treated after the protocol was instituted. There was no difference in mean age (p=0.35), gender (p=0.3), or Charlson Comorbidity Index (p=0.38) between the cohorts. Following the implementation of the protocol, there were observed increases in time to surgery (27.5h vs. 33.8h, p=0.01), hospital length of stay (6.3d vs. 9.7d, p<0.001), and ED LOS (5.1h vs. 6.2h, p<0.001). There were no differences in in-hospital mortality (2.01% pre vs. 3.20% post, p=0.39) and complication rates (25% pre vs 26% post, p=0.76). A trend towards improved outcomes was seen after the early transition period but failed to yield statistical significance. Conclusion Early medical management and surgical intervention are key determining factors affecting outcomes following fragility hip fractures. The implementation of a hip fracture protocol at this institution has not yet significantly affected these parameters. This could in part be due to the restrictions placed at this institution during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite this, the time to OR pre-and post-implementation was quicker than figures reported elsewhere in literature. Further longitudinal data will be collected to determine the final influence of this protocol. Significance/Clinical Relevance Given the increasing number of elderly people and the high morbidity and mortality associated with hip fractures in this population finding cost effective ways to improve outcomes in the management of these injuries has the potential to have enormous positive impact for both patients and hospital systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hip%20fracture" title="hip fracture">hip fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geriatric" title=" geriatric"> geriatric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment%20algorithm" title=" treatment algorithm"> treatment algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preoperative%20optimization" title=" preoperative optimization"> preoperative optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171482/early-outcomes-and-lessons-from-the-implementation-of-a-geriatric-hip-fracture-protocol-at-a-level-1-trauma-center" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171482.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">62</span> Effectiveness of Centromedullary Fixation by Metaizeau Technique in Challenging Pediatric Fractures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Arshad%20Ikram">Mohammad Arshad Ikram</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report three cases of challenging fractures in children treated by intramedullary fixation using the Metaizeau method and achieved anatomical reduction with excellent clinical results. Jean-Paul Metaizeau described the centromedullary fixation for the radial neck in 1980 using K-wires Radial neck fractures are uncommon in children. Treatment of severely displaced fractures is always challenging. Closed reduction techniques are more popular as compared to open reduction due to the low risk of complications. Metaizeau technique of closed reduction with centromedullary pinning is a commonly preferred method of treatment. We present two cases with a severely displaced radial neck fracture, treated by this method and achieved sound union; anatomical position of the radial head and full function were observed two months after surgery. Proximal humerus fractures are another uncommon injury in children accounting for less than 5% of all pediatric fractures. Most of these injuries occur through the growth plate because of its relative weakness. Salter-Harris type I is commonly seen in the younger age group, whereas type II & III occurs in older children and adolescents. In contrast to adults, traumatic glenohumeral dislocation is an infrequently observed condition among children. A combination of proximal humerus fracture and glenohumeral dislocation is extremely rare and occurs in less than 2% of the pediatric population. The management of this injury is always challenging. Treatment ranged from closed reduction with and without internal fixation and open reduction with internal fixation. The children who had closed reduction with centromedullary fixation by the Metaizeau method showed excellent results with the return of full movements at the shoulder in a short time without any complication. We present the case of a child with anterior dislocation of the shoulder associated with a complete displaced proximal humerus metaphyseal fracture. The fracture was managed by closed reduction and then fixation by two centromedullary K-wires using the Metaizeau method, achieving the anatomical reduction of the fracture and dislocation. This method of treatment enables us to achieve excellent radiological and clinical results in a short time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glenohumeral" title="glenohumeral">glenohumeral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Metaizeau%20method" title=" Metaizeau method"> Metaizeau method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pediatric%20fractures" title=" pediatric fractures"> pediatric fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20neck" title=" radial neck"> radial neck</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150084/effectiveness-of-centromedullary-fixation-by-metaizeau-technique-in-challenging-pediatric-fractures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150084.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">105</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> Gestational Vitamin D Levels Mitigate the Effect of Pre-pregnancy Obesity on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Birth Cohort Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majeda%20S.%20Hammoud">Majeda S. Hammoud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Aim: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication affecting around 14% of pregnancies globally that carries short and long-term consequences to the mother and her child. Pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity is the most consistently and strongly associated modifiable risk factor with GDM development. This analysis aimed to determine whether vitamin D status during pregnancy modulates the effect of pre-pregnancy obesity/overweight on GDM risk while stratifying by maternal age. Methods: Data from the Kuwait Birth Cohort (KBC) study were analyzed, which enrolled pregnant women in the second or third trimester of gestation. Pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) was categorized as under/normal weight (<25.0), overweight (25.0 to <30.0), and obesity (≥30.0). 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured in blood samples that were collected at recruitment and categorized as deficiency (<50 nmol/L) and insufficiency/sufficiency (≥50 nmol/L). GDM status was ascertained according to international guidelines. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations, and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Results: The analyzed study sample included a total of 982 pregnant women, with a mean (SD) age of 31.4 (5.2) years. The prevalence of GDM was estimated to be 17.3% (95% CI: 14.9-19.7), and the prevalence of pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity was 37.8% (95% CI: 34.8-40.8) and 28.8% (95% CI: 26.0-31.7), respectively. The prevalence of gestational vitamin D deficiency was estimated to be 55.3% (95% CI: 52.2-58.4). The association between pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity with GDM risk differed according to maternal age and gestational vitamin D status (Pinteraction[BMI × age × vitamin D = 0.047). Among pregnant women aged <35 years, prepregnancy obesity compared to under/normal weight was associated with increased GDM risk among women with gestational vitamin D deficiency (aOR: 3.65, 95% CI: 1.50-8.86, p = 0.004) and vitamin D insufficiency/sufficiency (aOR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.16-5.61, p = 0.019). In contrast, among pregnant women aged ≥35 years, pre-pregnancy obesity compared to under/normal weight was associated with increased GDM risk among women with gestational vitamin D deficiency (aOR: 9.70, 95% CI: 2.01-46.69, p = 0.005), but not among women with vitamin D insufficiency/sufficiency (aOR: 1.46, 95% CI: 0.42-5.16, p = 0.553). Conclusion: The effect of pre-pregnancy obesity on GDM risk is modulated by maternal age and gestational vitamin D status, with the effect of pre-pregnancy obesity being more pronounced among older pregnant women (aged ≥35 years) with gestational vitamin D deficiency compared to those with vitamin D insufficiency/sufficiency. Whereas, among younger women (aged <35 years), the effect of pre-pregnancy obesity on GDM risk was not modulated by gestational vitamin D status. Therefore, vitamin D supplementation among pregnant women, specifically older women with pre-pregnancy obesity, may mitigate the effect of pre-pregnancy obesity on GDM risk. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gestational%20diabetes%20mellitus" title="gestational diabetes mellitus">gestational diabetes mellitus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20D" title=" vitamin D"> vitamin D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20mass%20index" title=" body mass index"> body mass index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187325/gestational-vitamin-d-levels-mitigate-the-effect-of-pre-pregnancy-obesity-on-gestational-diabetes-mellitus-a-birth-cohort-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187325.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">38</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> Outcome of Comparison between Partial Thickness Skin Graft Harvesting from Scalp and Lower Limb for Scalp Defect: A Clinical Trial Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Eskandarlou">Mahdi Eskandarlou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehrdad%20Taghipour"> Mehrdad Taghipour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Partial-thickness skin graft is the cornerstone for scalp defect repair. Routine donor sites include abdomen, thighs, and buttocks. Given the potential side effects following harvesting from these sites and the potential advantages of harvesting from scalp (broad surface, rapid healing, and better cosmetics results), this study is trying to compare the outcomes of graft harvesting from scalp and lower limb. Methods: This clinical trial is conducted among a sample number of 40 partial thickness graft candidates (20 case and 20 control group) with scalp defect presenting to plastic surgery clinic at Besat Hospital during the time period between 2018 and 2019. Sampling was done by simple randomization using random digit table. Data gathering was performed using a designated checklist. The donor site in case group and control group was scalp and lower limb, respectively. The resultant data were analyzed using chi-squared and t-test and SPPS version 21 (SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp). Results: Of the total 40 patients participating in this study, 28 patients (70%) were male, and 12 (30%) were female with and mean age of 63.62 ± 09.73 years. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the most common comorbidities among patients with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and trauma being the most common etiology for the defects. There was a statistically meaningful relationship between two groups regarding the etiology of defect (P=0.02). The most common anatomic location of defect for case and control groups was temporal and parietal, respectively. Most of the defects were deep to galea zone. The mean diameter of defect was 24.28 ± 45.37 mm for all of the patients. The difference between diameter of defect in both groups was statistically meaningful, while no such difference between graft diameter was seen. The graft 'Take' was completely successful in both groups according to evaluations. The level of postoperative pain was lower in the case group compared to the control according to VAS scale, and the satisfaction was higher in them per Likert scale. Conclusion: Scalp can safely be used as donor site for skin graft to be used for scalp defects, which is associated with better results and lower complication rates compared to other donor sites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=donor%20site" title="donor site">donor site</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leg" title=" leg"> leg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial-thickness%20graft" title=" partial-thickness graft"> partial-thickness graft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scalp" title=" scalp"> scalp</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127704/outcome-of-comparison-between-partial-thickness-skin-graft-harvesting-from-scalp-and-lower-limb-for-scalp-defect-a-clinical-trial-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> The Morphological Changes of POV in Diabetic Patients and Its Correlation with Changes in Corneal Epithelium, Corneal Nerve, and the Fundus in Using Vivo Confocal Microscopy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%20Jiazheng">Ji Jiazheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wang%20Jingrao"> Wang Jingrao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Xin"> Jin Xin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhang%20Hong"> Zhang Hong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood sugar. A long-standing hyperglycemic state can lead to various tissue damage. Diabetic retinopathy is the most common and widely studied ocular complication and has become the leading cause of blindness in my country. At the same time, diabetes has profound clinically relevant effects on the cornea, leading to keratopathy and vision-threatening. The cornea is an avascular tissue and is sensitive to hyperglycemia, Keratopathy caused by diabetes is usually chronic, they are called diabetic keratopathy or diabetic neurotrophic keratopathy, leading to several diabetic corneal complications including delayed epithelial wound healing, recurrent erosions, neuropathy, loss of sensitivity. Corneal stem cell dysfunction in diabetic patients as an important influencing factor of diabetic keratopathy. The consequences of this condition are often underestimated. The limbus is located between the cornea and the sclera tissue. The limbal stroma consists of a series of radial elevations with fibrovascular centers known as palisades of Vogt (POV). Previous studies have shown that palisades of Vogt (POV), as the main site of limbal stem cells, plays an important role in the homeostasis of the corneal epithelium. Therefore, POV plays a vital role in the healing of corneal epithelial surgery and postoperative evaluation. IVCM can observe the condition of the corneal epithelium at the cellular level. It has profound significance and guidance for the evaluation of limbal and limbal stem cells. We have previously observed structural changes in POV in HSK and HZO patients on IVCM. At present, there have been reports involving limbal stem cell dysfunction in diabetic patients, but the specific pathogenesis is still unclear. However, there are no studies on POV morphological changes in patients with DM. Therefore, we performed statistics and compared the correlation between POV morphological changes and corneal epithelial basal cell density, corneal nerves, and length of disease in DM patients and normal humans using IVCM studies. At the same time, fundoscopy was used to observe the correlation between the thickness of RNFL and the thickness of GCC and POV in diabetic patients. And to observe the correlation between SVD, DVD and POV for research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confocal%20microscopy" title="confocal microscopy">confocal microscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundus" title=" fundus"> fundus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limbal%20stem%20cells" title=" limbal stem cells"> limbal stem cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title=" diabetes"> diabetes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179068/the-morphological-changes-of-pov-in-diabetic-patients-and-its-correlation-with-changes-in-corneal-epithelium-corneal-nerve-and-the-fundus-in-using-vivo-confocal-microscopy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179068.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Diabetes and Medical Plant's Treatment: Ethnobotanical Studies Carried out in Morocco</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamila%20Fakchich">Jamila Fakchich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mostafa%20Jamila%20Lazaar%20Elachouri"> Mostafa Jamila Lazaar Elachouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lakhder%20Fakchich"> Lakhder Fakchich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatna%20Ouali"> Fatna Ouali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abd%20Errazzak%20Belkacem"> Abd Errazzak Belkacem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that has a significant impact on the health, quality of life, and life expectancy of patients as well as the health care system. By its nature diabetes, is a multisystem disease with wide-ranging complication that span nearly all region of the body. This epidemic problem, however, is not unique to the industrialized society, but has also hardly struck the developing countries. In Morocco, as developing country, there is an epidemic rise in diabetes, with ensuing concern about the management and control of this disease; it began a chronic burdensome disease of largely middle-aged and elderly people, with a long course and serious complications often resulting in high death-rate, the treatment of diabetes spent vast amount of resources including medicines, diets, physical training. Treatment of this disease is considered problematic due to the lack of effective and safe drugs capable of inducing sustained clinical, biochemical, and histological cure. In Moroccan society, the phytoremedies are some times the only affordable sources of healthcare, particularly for the people in remote areas. In this paper, we present a synthesis work obtained from the ethnobotanical data reported in different specialized journals. A Synthesis of four published ethnobotanical studies that have been carried out in different region of Morocco by different team seekers during the period from 1997 to 2015. Medicinal plants inventoried by different seekers in four Moroccan’s areas have been regrouped and codified, then, Factorial Analysis (FA) and Principal Components Analysis (PCA) are used to analyse the aggregated data from the four studies and plants are classified according to their frequency of use by population. Our work deals with an attempt to gather information on some traditional uses of medicinal plants from different regions of Morocco, also, it was designed to give a set of medicinal plants commonly used by Moroccan people in the treatment of diabetes; In this paper, we intended to provide a basic knowledge about plant species used by Moroccan society for treatment of diabetes. One of the most interesting aspects of this type of works is to assess the relative cultural importance of medicinal plants for specific illnesses and exploring its usefulness in the context of diabetes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicinal%20plants" title=" medicinal plants"> medicinal plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnobotanical" title=" ethnobotanical"> ethnobotanical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title=" diabetes"> diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytoremedies" title=" phytoremedies"> phytoremedies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40849/diabetes-and-medical-plants-treatment-ethnobotanical-studies-carried-out-in-morocco" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40849.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> The Incidence of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients with Local and Diffuse Coronary Artery Disease</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamil%20Ganaev">Kamil Ganaev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elina%20Vlasova"> Elina Vlasova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrei%20Shiryaev"> Andrei Shiryaev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renat%20Akchurin"> Renat Akchurin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> De novo atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a common complication. To date, there are no data on the possible effect of diffuse lesions of coronary arteries on the incidence of postoperative AF complications. Methods. Patients operated on-pump under hypothermic conditions during the calendar year (2020) were studied. Inclusion criteria - isolated CABG and achievement of complete myocardial revascularization. Patients with a history of AF moderate and severe valve dysfunction, hormonal thyroid pathology, initial CHF(Congestive heart failure), as well as patients with developed perioperative complications (IM, acute heart failure, massive blood loss) and deceased were excluded. Thus 227 patients were included; mean age 65±9 years; 69% were men. 89% of patients had a 3-vessel lesion of the coronary artery; the remainder had a 2-vessel lesion. Mean LV size: 3.9±0.3 cm, indexed LV volume: 29.4±5.3 mL/m2. Two groups were considered: D (n=98), patients with diffuse coronary heart disease, and L (n=129), patients with local coronary heart disease. Clinical and demographic characteristics in the groups were comparable. Rhythm assessment: continuous bedside ECG monitoring up to 5 days; ECG CT at 5-7 days after CABG; daily routine ECG registration. Follow-up period - postoperative hospital period. Results. The Median follow-up period was 9 (7;11) days. POFP (Postoperative atrial fibrillation) was detected in 61/227 (27%) patients: 34/98 (35%) in group D versus 27/129 (21%) in group L; p<0.05. Moreover, the values of revascularization index in groups D and L (3.9±0.7 and 3.8±0.5, respectively) were equal, and the mean time Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) (107±27 and 80±13min), as well as the mean ischemic time (67±17 and 55±11min) were significantly longer in group D (p<0.05). However, a separate analysis of these parameters in patients with and without developed AF did not reveal any significant differences in group D (CPB time 99±21.2 min, ischemic time 63±12.2 min), or in group L (CPB time 88±13.1 min, ischemic time 58.7±13.2 min). Conclusion. With the diffuse nature of coronary lesions, the incidence of AF in the hospital period after isolated CABG definitely increases. To better understand the role of severe coronary atherosclerosis in the development of POAF, it is necessary to distinguish the influence of organic features of atrial and ventricular myocardium (as a consequence of chronic coronary disease) from the features of surgical correction in diffuse coronary lesions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atrial%20fibrillation" title="atrial fibrillation">atrial fibrillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffuse%20coronary%20artery%20disease" title=" diffuse coronary artery disease"> diffuse coronary artery disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coronary%20artery%20bypass%20grafting" title=" coronary artery bypass grafting"> coronary artery bypass grafting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20coronary%20artery%20disease" title=" local coronary artery disease"> local coronary artery disease</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134396/the-incidence-of-postoperative-atrial-fibrillation-after-coronary-artery-bypass-grafting-in-patients-with-local-and-diffuse-coronary-artery-disease" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134396.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> The Magnitude and Associated Factors of Immune Hemolytic Anemia among Human Immuno Deficiency Virus Infected Adults Attending University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital North West Ethiopia 2021 GC, Cross Sectional Study Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samul%20Sahile%20Kebede">Samul Sahile Kebede</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Back ground: -Immune hemolytic anemia commonly affects human immune deficiency, infected individuals. Among anemic HIV patients in Africa, the burden of IHA due to autoantibody was ranged from 2.34 to 3.06 due to the drug was 43.4%. IHA due to autoimmune is potentially a fatal complication of HIV, which accompanies the greatest percent from acquired hemolytic anemia. Objective: -The main aim of this study was to determine the magnitude and associated factors of immune hemolytic anemia among human immuno deficiency virus infected adults at the university of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital north west Ethiopia from March to April 2021. Methods: - An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 358 human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults selected by systematic random sampling at the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital from March to April 2021. Data for socio-demography, dietary and clinical data were collected by structured pretested questionnaire. Five ml of venous blood was drawn from each participant and analyzed by Unicel DHX 800 hematology analyzer, blood film examination, and antihuman globulin test were performed to the diagnosis of immune hemolytic anemia. Data was entered into Epidata version 4.6 and analyzed by STATA version 14. Descriptive statistics were computed and firth penalized logistic regression was used to identify predictors. P value less than 0.005 interpreted as significant. Result; - The overall prevalence of immune hemolytic anemia was 2.8 % (10 of 358 participants). Of these, 5 were males, and 7 were in the 31 to 50 year age group. Among individuals with immune hemolytic anemia, 40 % mild and 60 % moderate anemia. The factors that showed association were family history of anemia (AOR 8.30 at 95% CI 1.56, 44.12), not eating meat (AOR 7.39 at 95% CI 1.25, 45.0), and high viral load 6.94 at 95% CI (1.13, 42.6). Conclusion and recommendation; Immune hemolytic anemia is less frequent condition in human immunodeficiency virus infected adults, and moderate anemia was common in this population. The prevalence was increased with a high viral load, a family history of anemia, and not eating meat. In these patients, early detection and treatment of immune hemolytic anemia is necessary. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anemia" title="anemia">anemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemolytic" title=" hemolytic"> hemolytic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immune" title=" immune"> immune</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auto%20immune" title=" auto immune"> auto immune</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HIV%2FAIDS" title=" HIV/AIDS"> HIV/AIDS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157231/the-magnitude-and-associated-factors-of-immune-hemolytic-anemia-among-human-immuno-deficiency-virus-infected-adults-attending-university-of-gondar-comprehensive-specialized-hospital-north-west-ethiopia-2021-gc-cross-sectional-study-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157231.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Audit on Antibiotic Prophylaxis and Post-Procedure Complication Rate for Patients Undergoing Transperineal Template Biopsies of the Prostate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Hajuthman">W. Hajuthman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Warner"> R. Warner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Rahman"> S. Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Abraham"> M. Abraham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Helliwell"> H. Helliwell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Bodiwala"> D. Bodiwala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Context: Prostate cancer is a prevalent cancer in males in Europe and the US, with diagnosis primarily relying on PSA testing, mpMRI, and subsequent biopsies. However, this diagnostic strategy may lead to complications for patients. Research Aim: The aim of this study is to assess compliance with trust guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing transperineal template biopsies of the prostate and evaluate the rate of post-procedure complications. Methodology: This study is conducted retrospectively over an 8-month period. Data collection includes patient demographics, compliance with trust guidelines, associated risk factors, and post-procedure complications such as infection, haematuria, and urinary retention. Findings: The audit includes 100 patients with a median age of 66.11. The compliance with pre-procedure antibiotics was 98%, while compliance with antibiotic prophylaxis recommended by trust guidelines was 68%. Among the patients, 3% developed post-procedure sepsis, with 2 requiring admission for intravenous antibiotics. No evident risk factors were identified in these cases. Additionally, post-procedure urinary retention occurred in 3% of patients and post-procedure haematuria in 2%. Theoretical Importance: This study highlights the increasing use of transperineal template biopsies across UK centres and suggests that having a standardized protocol and compliance with guidelines can reduce confusion, ensure appropriate administration of antibiotics, and mitigate post-procedure complications. Data Collection and Analysis Procedures: Data for this study is collected retrospectively, involving the extraction and analysis of relevant information from patient records over the specified 8-month period. Question Addressed: This study addresses the following research questions: (1) What is the compliance rate with trust guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis in transperineal template biopsies of the prostate? (2) What is the rate of post-procedure complications, such as infection, haematuria, and urinary retention? Conclusion: Transperineal template biopsies are becoming increasingly prevalent in the UK. Implementing a standardized protocol and ensuring compliance with guidelines can reduce confusion, ensure proper administration of antibiotics, and potentially minimize post-procedure complications. Additionally, considering that studies show no difference in outcomes when prophylactic antibiotics are not used, the reminder to follow trust guidelines may prompt a re-evaluation of antibiotic prescribing practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prostate" title="prostate">prostate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transperineal%20template%20biopsies%20of%20prostate" title=" transperineal template biopsies of prostate"> transperineal template biopsies of prostate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotics" title=" antibiotics"> antibiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complications" title=" complications"> complications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbiology" title=" microbiology"> microbiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guidelines" title=" guidelines"> guidelines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177095/audit-on-antibiotic-prophylaxis-and-post-procedure-complication-rate-for-patients-undergoing-transperineal-template-biopsies-of-the-prostate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177095.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Global Modeling of Drill String Dragging and Buckling in 3D Curvilinear Bore-Holes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valery%20Gulyayev">Valery Gulyayev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergey%20Glazunov"> Sergey Glazunov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20Andrusenko"> Elena Andrusenko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nataliya%20Shlyun"> Nataliya Shlyun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Enhancement of technology and techniques for drilling deep directed oil and gas bore-wells are of essential industrial significance because these wells make it possible to increase their productivity and output. Generally, they are used for drilling in hard and shale formations, that is why their drivage processes are followed by the emergency and failure effects. As is corroborated by practice, the principal drilling drawback occurring in drivage of long curvilinear bore-wells is conditioned by the need to obviate essential force hindrances caused by simultaneous action of the gravity, contact and friction forces. Primarily, these forces depend on the type of the technological regime, drill string stiffness, bore-hole tortuosity and its length. They can lead to the Eulerian buckling of the drill string and its sticking. To predict and exclude these states, special mathematic models and methods of computer simulation should play a dominant role. At the same time, one might note that these mechanical phenomena are very complex and only simplified approaches (‘soft string drag and torque models’) are used for their analysis. Taking into consideration that now the cost of directed wells increases essentially with complication of their geometry and enlargement of their lengths, it can be concluded that the price of mistakes of the drill string behavior simulation through the use of simplified approaches can be very high and so the problem of correct software elaboration is very urgent. This paper deals with the problem of simulating the regimes of drilling deep curvilinear bore-wells with prescribed imperfect geometrical trajectories of their axial lines. On the basis of the theory of curvilinear flexible elastic rods, methods of differential geometry, and numerical analysis methods, the 3D ‘stiff-string drag and torque model’ of the drill string bending and the appropriate software are elaborated for the simulation of the tripping in and out regimes and drilling operations. It is shown by the computer calculations that the contact and friction forces can be calculated and regulated, providing predesigned trouble-free modes of operation. The elaborated mathematic models and software can be used for the emergency situations prognostication and their exclusion at the stages of the drilling process design and realization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curvilinear%20drilling" title="curvilinear drilling">curvilinear drilling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drill%20string%20tripping%20in%20and%20out" title=" drill string tripping in and out"> drill string tripping in and out</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contact%20forces" title=" contact forces"> contact forces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance%20forces" title=" resistance forces"> resistance forces</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96213/global-modeling-of-drill-string-dragging-and-buckling-in-3d-curvilinear-bore-holes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96213.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Using Arellano-Bover/Blundell-Bond Estimator in Dynamic Panel Data Analysis – Case of Finnish Housing Price Dynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Janne%20Engblom">Janne Engblom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elias%20Oikarinen"> Elias Oikarinen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A panel dataset is one that follows a given sample of individuals over time, and thus provides multiple observations on each individual in the sample. Panel data models include a variety of fixed and random effects models which form a wide range of linear models. A special case of panel data models are dynamic in nature. A complication regarding a dynamic panel data model that includes the lagged dependent variable is endogeneity bias of estimates. Several approaches have been developed to account for this problem. In this paper, the panel models were estimated using the Arellano-Bover/Blundell-Bond Generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator which is an extension of the Arellano-Bond model where past values and different transformations of past values of the potentially problematic independent variable are used as instruments together with other instrumental variables. The Arellano–Bover/Blundell–Bond estimator augments Arellano–Bond by making an additional assumption that first differences of instrument variables are uncorrelated with the fixed effects. This allows the introduction of more instruments and can dramatically improve efficiency. It builds a system of two equations—the original equation and the transformed one—and is also known as system GMM. In this study, Finnish housing price dynamics were examined empirically by using the Arellano–Bover/Blundell–Bond estimation technique together with ordinary OLS. The aim of the analysis was to provide a comparison between conventional fixed-effects panel data models and dynamic panel data models. The Arellano–Bover/Blundell–Bond estimator is suitable for this analysis for a number of reasons: It is a general estimator designed for situations with 1) a linear functional relationship; 2) one left-hand-side variable that is dynamic, depending on its own past realizations; 3) independent variables that are not strictly exogenous, meaning they are correlated with past and possibly current realizations of the error; 4) fixed individual effects; and 5) heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation within individuals but not across them. Based on data of 14 Finnish cities over 1988-2012 differences of short-run housing price dynamics estimates were considerable when different models and instrumenting were used. Especially, the use of different instrumental variables caused variation of model estimates together with their statistical significance. This was particularly clear when comparing estimates of OLS with different dynamic panel data models. Estimates provided by dynamic panel data models were more in line with theory of housing price dynamics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20model" title="dynamic model">dynamic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20effects" title=" fixed effects"> fixed effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panel%20data" title=" panel data"> panel data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price%20dynamics" title=" price dynamics"> price dynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27438/using-arellano-boverblundell-bond-estimator-in-dynamic-panel-data-analysis-case-of-finnish-housing-price-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1508</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Application of Deep Learning and Ensemble Methods for Biomarker Discovery in Diabetic Nephropathy through Fibrosis and Propionate Metabolism Pathways</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oluwafunmibi%20Omotayo%20Fasanya">Oluwafunmibi Omotayo Fasanya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Augustine%20Kena%20Adjei"> Augustine Kena Adjei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes, with fibrosis and propionate metabolism playing critical roles in its progression. Identifying biomarkers linked to these pathways may provide novel insights into DN diagnosis and treatment. This study aims to identify biomarkers associated with fibrosis and propionate metabolism in DN. Analyze the biological pathways and regulatory mechanisms of these biomarkers. Develop a machine learning model to predict DN-related biomarkers and validate their functional roles. Publicly available transcriptome datasets related to DN (GSE96804 and GSE104948) were obtained from the GEO database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gds), and 924 propionate metabolism-related genes (PMRGs) and 656 fibrosis-related genes (FRGs) were identified. The analysis began with the extraction of DN-differentially expressed genes (DN-DEGs) and propionate metabolism-related DEGs (PM-DEGs), followed by the intersection of these with fibrosis-related genes to identify key intersected genes. Instead of relying on traditional models, we employed a combination of deep neural networks (DNNs) and ensemble methods such as Gradient Boosting Machines (GBM) and XGBoost to enhance feature selection and biomarker discovery. Recursive feature elimination (RFE) was coupled with these advanced algorithms to refine the selection of the most critical biomarkers. Functional validation was conducted using convolutional neural networks (CNN) for gene set enrichment and immunoinfiltration analysis, revealing seven significant biomarkers—SLC37A4, ACOX2, GPD1, ACE2, SLC9A3, AGT, and PLG. These biomarkers are involved in critical biological processes such as fatty acid metabolism and glomerular development, providing a mechanistic link to DN progression. Furthermore, a TF–miRNA–mRNA regulatory network was constructed using natural language processing models to identify 8 transcription factors and 60 miRNAs that regulate these biomarkers, while a drug–gene interaction network revealed potential therapeutic targets such as UROKINASE–PLG and ATENOLOL–AGT. This integrative approach, leveraging deep learning and ensemble models, not only enhances the accuracy of biomarker discovery but also offers new perspectives on DN diagnosis and treatment, specifically targeting fibrosis and propionate metabolism pathways. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetic%20nephropathy" title="diabetic nephropathy">diabetic nephropathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20neural%20networks" title=" deep neural networks"> deep neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gradient%20boosting%20machines%20%28GBM%29" title=" gradient boosting machines (GBM)"> gradient boosting machines (GBM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XGBoost" title=" XGBoost"> XGBoost</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194139/application-of-deep-learning-and-ensemble-methods-for-biomarker-discovery-in-diabetic-nephropathy-through-fibrosis-and-propionate-metabolism-pathways" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194139.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">8</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Best Practice for Post-Operative Surgical Site Infection Prevention</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Scott%20Cavinder">Scott Cavinder</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Surgical site infections (SSI) are a known complication to any surgical procedure and are one of the most common nosocomial infections. Globally it is estimated 300 million surgical procedures take place annually, with an incidence of SSI’s estimated to be 11 of 100 surgical patients developing an infection within 30 days after surgery. The specific purpose of the project is to address the PICOT (Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time) question: In patients who have undergone cardiothoracic or vascular surgery (P), does implementation of a post-operative care bundle based on current EBP (I) as compared to current clinical agency practice standards (C) result in a decrease of SSI (O) over a 12-week period (T)? Synthesis of Supporting Evidence: A literature search of five databases, including citation chasing, was performed, which yielded fourteen pieces of evidence ranging from high to good quality. Four common themes were identified for the prevention of SSI’s including use and removal of surgical dressings; use of topical antibiotics and antiseptics; implementation of evidence-based care bundles, and implementation of surveillance through auditing and feedback. The Iowa Model was selected as the framework to help guide this project as it is a multiphase change process which encourages clinicians to recognize opportunities for improvement in healthcare practice. Practice/Implementation: The process for this project will include recruiting postsurgical participants who have undergone cardiovascular or thoracic surgery prior to discharge at a Northwest Indiana Hospital. The patients will receive education, verbal instruction, and return demonstration. The patients will be followed for 12 weeks, and wounds assessed utilizing the National Healthcare Safety Network//Centers for Disease Control (NHSN/CDC) assessment tool and compared to the SSI rate of 2021. Key stakeholders will include two cardiovascular surgeons, four physician assistants, two advance practice nurses, medical assistant and patients. Method of Evaluation: Chi Square analysis will be utilized to establish statistical significance and similarities between the two groups. Main Results/Outcomes: The proposed outcome is the prevention of SSIs in the post-op cardiothoracic and vascular patient. Implication/Recommendation(s): Implementation of standardized post operative care bundles in the prevention of SSI in cardiovascular and thoracic surgical patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiovascular" title="cardiovascular">cardiovascular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evidence%20based%20practice" title=" evidence based practice"> evidence based practice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infection" title=" infection"> infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-operative" title=" post-operative"> post-operative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevention" title=" prevention"> prevention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thoracic" title=" thoracic"> thoracic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgery" title=" surgery"> surgery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157708/best-practice-for-post-operative-surgical-site-infection-prevention" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157708.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Retrospective Analysis of 142 Cases of Incision Infection Complicated with Sternal Osteomyelitis after Cardiac Surgery Treated by Activated PRP Gel Filling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daifeng%20Hao">Daifeng Hao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guang%20Feng"> Guang Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jingfeng%20Zhao"> Jingfeng Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Li"> Tao Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoye%20Tuo"> Xiaoye Tuo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of incision infection with sternal osteomyelitis sinus tract after cardiac surgery and the operation method and therapeutic effect of filling and repairing with activated PRP gel. Methods: From March 2011 to October 2022, 142 cases of incision infection after cardiac surgery with sternal osteomyelitis sinus were retrospectively analyzed, and the causes of poor wound healing after surgery, wound characteristics, perioperative wound management were summarized. Treatment during operation, collection and storage process of autologous PRP before debridement surgery, PRP filling repair and activation method after debridement surgery, effect of anticoagulant drugs on surgery, postoperative complications and average wound healing time, etc.. Results: Among the cases in this group, 53.3% underwent coronary artery bypass grafting, 36.8% underwent artificial heart valve replacement, 8.2% underwent aortic artificial vessel replacement, and 1.7% underwent allogeneic heart transplantation. The main causes of poor incision healing were suture reaction, fat liquefaction, osteoporosis, diabetes, and metal allergy in sequence. The wound is characterized by an infected sinus tract. Before the operation, 100-150ml of PRP with 4 times the physiological concentration was collected separately with a blood component separation device. After sinus debridement, PRP was perfused to fill the bony defect in the middle of the sternum, activated with thrombin freeze-dried powder and calcium gluconate injection to form a gel, and the outer skin and subcutaneous tissue were sutured freely. 62.9% of patients discontinued warfarin during the perioperative period, and 37.1% of patients maintained warfarin treatment. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative wound hematoma. The average postoperative wound healing time was 12.9±4.7 days, and there was no obvious postoperative complication. Conclusions: Application of activated PRP gel to fill incision infection with sternal osteomyelitis sinus after cardiac surgery has a less surgical injury and satisfactory and stable curative effect. It can completely replace the previously used pectoralis major muscle flap transplantation operation scheme. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=platelet-rich%20plasma" title="platelet-rich plasma">platelet-rich plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negative-pressure%20wound%20therapy" title=" negative-pressure wound therapy"> negative-pressure wound therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sternal%20osteomyelitis" title=" sternal osteomyelitis"> sternal osteomyelitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiac%20surgery" title=" cardiac surgery"> cardiac surgery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159811/retrospective-analysis-of-142-cases-of-incision-infection-complicated-with-sternal-osteomyelitis-after-cardiac-surgery-treated-by-activated-prp-gel-filling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159811.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complication&page=7" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complication&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complication&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complication&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complication&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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