CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9136a9a259facdfe',cH: 'ClxrxMbWY3llyh5jfKfKmJbCHFgKAbzahhW7NAUBZ3o-1739804590-1.2.1.1-VDU5ZcckYsCSaKGHspKbSp5KJWpKOXeFJBOMDQ9F_ufcTGOuxSOEvTBkjNqf.kYD',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=instructor-centered&__cf_chl_tk=yQuZOdBnlZYMPV8FTdYrNVQB6JhJ4NL69SR8Tq.M_jQ-1739804590-1.0.1.1-VdkFWHEsTJn3BmaW7iYTvdWlKppUvckLs5GeE6kFkK0",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739804590',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=instructor-centered&__cf_chl_f_tk=yQuZOdBnlZYMPV8FTdYrNVQB6JhJ4NL69SR8Tq.M_jQ-1739804590-1.0.1.1-VdkFWHEsTJn3BmaW7iYTvdWlKppUvckLs5GeE6kFkK0",md: "518aBBU6dP.vftONXTtL0EHhdrp34ufGcK_sNqH8Fl4-1739804590-1.2.1.1-M7XgzCvHSNC90KKP3d.GeOMTB2IGyq0oPmXqW.YNKMWwfPviU9NEFkbLRbfFc0nYaIyRR3rVLQCRgPqAh_pBU_4ghXCLeE9oWY3sRcSerJh325OZNWNJ6etMrGe8RfudwDDzR3O1YN_aprEXVH8UG6lE7RC7wBjhkCXIqJhxAsUtEzVaDgqrh8ECmUMMGaamcgW9dhOXcgjNBVw8CM_8zNCOtMZfatXxLAoqhbDjfxuwstCuAPj2uoRVYGVhk80_fcWRXMK3URXQtjspM__B54Ua73QK0XN9kh0dXmB.bdzQT7CCG4UjYZa8cru0IFU_sb019ynZ.p0eWg1HwMMlh9eDQELokPtN2CKIofVvTy5lWYb5wIi5n_VLgnwUBVp7FX26z3djjDRuOeWVPEevuDwPMxbTEw77_F0ahyeHdFKnoaLgd6.q05_NGBy0_1pnH3KIf8zkILxVT_HI1B47iLRh9S4dDj3YdUuhSD7ljstF_vKsslaHR2XSPHCdVn6SwoCUskaWFtuWMgOzS0U8HeF1pBXK1.K89UHHGXlst3CgtjxRb_pTIE0kt0HUfAXRqBxuRQEdhhpt_8Ihvx8qQsnQkDXV1afj3hH1IMVpnSMu6lOttTmyewTfPh5qrNAkNwUWvl3Z9uhUzzxDzpXRpTllEiP.UbGTIjJLsw6W.oV5TnO57SbihLQCnfBdy8q1TUYC6XT6UgArjfgQ_VFa5jF4j2Urd4kKm.dcCHIge6cRr3AAGru.8G5nRoeTg4.lHyEoxsV2mnfVOptyRsXhZLVz3An_zeHzxLv7j5JH0zx8gT_OHGaIlBUmQFCrWhfSXybzfE_TJoqE1Ixk1n712NGpAZVKViGHIrz5SQThNj.ESYcjHIO6jlzEDOkbgQGXZjTm6.v8zUTIKc9kxUDnQYd1qNxVk7Jo5la0Kgrt86wogGjG7Oo8LBS4xdxLoz56xnFNjvy8797CBByrHHgdRV1u3Jua.Ew6Qa0PDzHKF_LbOX6EWd3xlCun5LMixGQvCcvx4omUnsv4o6Cj5UybiD7q8j_4Y5AYUnKR4KYb1J5Mc1lXRwdTzX3WCSjyWQPGCOwQAYiSp6BsV9X4S7rShFP7Dm4En93sqQfNiOUouVCmGXWKQva6PVWOwmBc6_ObUKyBancaPucJL0B4zTbOneg.UjtVb.9uAq8JVSob6dJQtyqeM_Z.gXD8iJ3JIp7bB5e2iPX90rz6lCVDogF6c7LzNzYhketfu2QYYOF5oOXiJh6aei6A.x9Y1pa_NotDCvMe7j2RI0TRlB0PqxCkN4OlzXC_nhhzyDqoKwCLkueHmntFhDjCIDt6rnLoZPwJCGmjsftbPXyj3sjpdvkE736xArBFYyXM5XzPZZqESREUvUJ9jo_kRLF2d0rYfvHFd.QwzfBQgYK2Gg.nMx4nMqjW4BU_cwMH7eKZg.wwaXaoKDuq1GAXWrARugmjMsv.Zm9XPTzYxKKgP6EfoLmpc7GCDyLEzkfpKwG5tT89X9d_1H1Be8EPk6bqmMZ_Twey5noXwgELOKbL5Ixsid9GyU49LWW4Kj12quXWibIsiedjiFYiQj4z0zzRhMvwNxsnGpCsglRydhubmXL9sS5slwV3DYDLwHauDkWxd3np.HIyk08uU5B1.Ur8YKglX4xcGUrpV9cCCa7UQtg_ph6Rq.4l8D_0iYBtW5GJQAGdwTdh_qqz5llhidkUg3cgPYxAwGAnthG.34kbIQCoGrWkemUb5kVMJ0xi0UHiZhTk5nN27ddwi1kR..OhVG.gdK2zTqecK_LAfAW7XSq5s8Y4W1Yuxhjqizlb3.1W6DBDnVtyXZjxwdUbIWBgCr1yQ6ZXsRG.qcz2q9UV__Vc6IKVZnjzUxjtOjLaBw5CATMY.XV3AoFhKBUGmqb5Rlb4OAgVwn0ZVpejRdSXJnpWk23qxvWsR1HlLXOqSVU5JOX.Sbo",mdrd: "5PJP2chF3Wi7PRZq.xcZzhiqg0bbKMJnBx6ZsoEI5oA-1739804590-1.2.1.1-gEtGelZUJOG6IsvktDBua5idgYy.6DFAhHa6ItKsAdwCH7ML4lWyf_9zvHh8YaDa2DCevGcv.F7EqPj1vCALrVJ6VmH5sRCNCT725diLtl07ID7QH7rS4qR5cTrZPTK31tajqTmuA9fbscAU.7VSyH9F7m8cs4nKOlnUYYYZmmtDideBZk8PgPqEBIyL.hQwynq01wrVkHnky_HtxT11GqvH8WO.hYZx61jvJEUCYJ_phPeO8lZT7wgOCMY11N6JTvFrGH.Y8yRk2eAD6ynAHiKFdPq0X0IbpowFZ_jYAi8_9DtDVK1hi5CU7FW2Cmz3hQByLiE9kFlm.OqrR.YxOjhDKkRp0u8kamSiSQ5_Gl1er1GlssZIviRHUoE9nEC0aPehmU3vpcTJgmi6yJMVR4p_SiDhHKxndUClNEydAUbnsZ_dIwWzX2PSL3SFuG.afcP1bWRGxH.8Wn9_z_eZuQJHY2Gk24o_R3va8umGn0fMOdPsLpYp6KsTQAMCZvgoVszE56pjDvqV8MIHjEvMFpxti1p2RaO3FkyyhZlzC65BSZ2hnr9aNEdm7xuiLhLj6P8SToRzl.1tjKTtS2LuA9D30yOw.n9NRnlvx5H.78B92tGo4H6reyVSmebGSlB_tepoGxGy2XHe6iDwL3WvF246aaxtlciuycMXsg7GWNwOh2SGQXv8qJKwb8wVuFGwlWLhCkshAAEWOpmPZgMu7ge63W90P18zCU60HctJ3S3gExyfl2WlTnN.6wVDk1XzqHfwReDM87X6mIEFvPot8cuvmX1Cr4TAa6RMe.B9WyVW5m_ag8hytgL1kHNbf5CrHxU525Tj127UX8HJQ84Z_m_3CqLHpE9JwyZ5CnHocxJ2wCoCN6ex5ve26C_ZQjz7OWEUj_GoFkY5hJdXQf_4AQG6NZ17DJUB._ZOml5G6VVGBGjX7_7BIa4jFIQgsrEYvGlZ9a2yI1w269D1RJVA4BHLbNt.1rZS9FT8JdQi3nb_8ihNh5.8IV53sMB31.EQosulFVJAUAH0rjOr.QtGXxDdsEa4QCBf5V40qSoaXzIeGhXnIYtJI3fDcK4AgCze6tuK4q799.4BshfSzAVSMDdOmXJS9Jwq0WEYyvVniZ7elXyEd.l0xaXT59_zUudKrI5k3H4ARh6xfohGd1PQwD.PfwMxAmP6oQPPelSEBT.qtypgwP4dPUAMEG5xaMMSBI.cMiTLaEujfjhCATijgRduqpTfp9qHIUFpYqLCmlMM7I__wEx01FspYyI.P.RWiasv0_JZMdbjishIl9nCu8Vhu9zGnMo7.Evx.eZiiVOdV62ARFd__LtgDzgYVAeNgf8yHWXpwojl0oOf9.MEXZcyVvCV1K4vKp4dddalAvGRyTBbED_e1pAaSa3kNN1NekQQP0biznn79ivuSR_y7VPPIcqDEGLipgT.hx8OOs9TOd5dmwBM1iWWDG8jGNgkdk_nr3pVqcU1TBiMejlCIPfpyWV3MAosRWcRaHW0YBhBttbjWjF_VwfEpuXx5haa6uoDk_kfE0WHsgjLcYrNHGii_H2KXCemqjTOB6nvKOHXAOwS_3lkLRlauUHr4roiHTzq56X2wCr6F1Bzlg1gLfHyZdvWtpC6N9QDZQxYYDa49Qu8_vUu9VxHQNvt4ohBJ6knHroSHEKW6tYm.1MOSCYn9cBb1_vni1hrPPAF3wiaKZPnbx6qlICwKRpNd2cTyA41a_5mm3lVP8BxZPwL._KkLZaOXroe4J2o0Oug_pcjB9cBRINAx_M4DRGvSF5H7VK2JHjbkdJUjV5cjf6Pk7w_sXRYdf87md2MvCOUda_K4wzNQurcmQu1HHqrR_JpS9MFdbIpJc4fkKGUOiyTblAoBsZprpAdhgvS69QLgMn.wwZykP0wSuslQO0IEYOvFQLCBgj8pCBieOaCuwzpdl07EGZ7W7mcA6O_9mr4zB.0L_6mKKhYgaxV97K0eNXL"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9136a9a259facdfe';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=instructor-centered&__cf_chl_rt_tk=yQuZOdBnlZYMPV8FTdYrNVQB6JhJ4NL69SR8Tq.M_jQ-1739804590-1.0.1.1-VdkFWHEsTJn3BmaW7iYTvdWlKppUvckLs5GeE6kFkK0" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>