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Ozbay</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Ekmel Ozbay"> <meta name="keywords" content="Ekmel Ozbay"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Ekmel Ozbay" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Ekmel Ozbay"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Ekmel Ozbay</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Beam Deflection with Unidirectionality Due to Zeroth Order and Evanescent Wave Coupling in a Photonic Crystal with a Defect Layer without Corrugations under Oblique Incidence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evrim%20Colak">Evrim Colak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andriy%20E.%20Serebryannikov"> Andriy E. Serebryannikov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thore%20Magath"> Thore Magath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ekmel%20Ozbay"> Ekmel Ozbay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Single beam deflection and unidirectional transmission are examined for oblique incidence in a Photonic Crystal (PC) structure which employs defect layer instead of surface corrugations at the interfaces. In all of the studied cases, the defect layer is placed such that the symmetry is broken. Two types of deflection are observed depending on whether the zeroth order is coupled or not. These two scenarios can be distinguished from each other by considering the simulated field distribution in PC. In the first deflection type, Floquet-Bloch mode enables zeroth order coupling. The energy of the zeroth order is redistributed between the diffraction orders at the defect layer, providing deflection. In the second type, when zeroth order is not coupled, strong diffractions cause blazing and the evanescent waves deliver energy to higher order diffraction modes. Simulated isofrequency contours can be utilized to estimate the coupling behavior. The defect layer is placed at varying rows, preserving the asymmetry of PC while evancescent waves can still couple to higher order modes. Even for deeply buried defect layer, asymmetric transmission and beam deflection are still encountered when the zeroth order is not coupled. We assume ε=11.4 (refractive index close to that of GaAs and Si) for the PC rods. A possible operation wavelength can be within microwave and infrared range. Since the suggested material is low loss, the structure can be scaled down to operate higher frequencies. Thus, a sample operation wavelength is selected as 1.5μm. Although the structure employs no surface corrugations transmission value T≈0.97 can be achieved by means of diffraction order m=-1. Moreover, utilizing an extra line defect, T value can be increased upto 0.99, under oblique incidence even if the line defect layer is deeply embedded in the photonic crystal. The latter configuration can be used to obtain deflection in one frequency range and can also be utilized for the realization of another functionality like defect-mode wave guiding in another frequency range but still using the same structure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asymmetric%20transmission" title="asymmetric transmission">asymmetric transmission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beam%20deflection" title=" beam deflection"> beam deflection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blazing" title=" blazing"> blazing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bi-directional%20splitting" title=" bi-directional splitting"> bi-directional splitting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defect%20layer" title=" defect layer"> defect layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20beam%20splitting" title=" dual beam splitting"> dual beam splitting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Floquet-Bloch%20modes" title=" Floquet-Bloch modes"> Floquet-Bloch modes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isofrequency%20contours" title=" isofrequency contours"> isofrequency contours</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=line%20defect" title=" line defect"> line defect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oblique%20incidence" title=" oblique incidence"> oblique incidence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photonic%20crystal" title=" photonic crystal"> photonic crystal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unidirectionality" title=" unidirectionality"> unidirectionality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94547/beam-deflection-with-unidirectionality-due-to-zeroth-order-and-evanescent-wave-coupling-in-a-photonic-crystal-with-a-defect-layer-without-corrugations-under-oblique-incidence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94547.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Design of Photonic Crystal with Defect Layer to Eliminate Interface Corrugations for Obtaining Unidirectional and Bidirectional Beam Splitting under Normal Incidence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evrim%20Colak">Evrim Colak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andriy%20E.%20Serebryannikov"> Andriy E. Serebryannikov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pavel%20V.%20Usik"> Pavel V. Usik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ekmel%20Ozbay"> Ekmel Ozbay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Working with a dielectric photonic crystal (PC) structure which does not include surface corrugations, unidirectional transmission and dual-beam splitting are observed under normal incidence as a result of the strong diffractions caused by the embedded defect layer. The defect layer has twice the period of the regular PC segments which sandwich the defect layer. Although the PC has even number of rows, the structural symmetry is broken due to the asymmetric placement of the defect layer with respect to the symmetry axis of the regular PC. The simulations verify that efficient splitting and occurrence of strong diffractions are related to the dispersion properties of the Floquet-Bloch modes of the photonic crystal. Unidirectional and bi-directional splitting, which are associated with asymmetric transmission, arise due to the dominant contribution of the first positive and first negative diffraction orders. The effect of the depth of the defect layer is examined by placing single defect layer in varying rows, preserving the asymmetry of PC. Even for deeply buried defect layer, asymmetric transmission is still valid even if the zeroth order is not coupled. This transmission is due to evanescent waves which reach to the deeply embedded defect layer and couple to higher order modes. In an additional selected performance, whichever surface is illuminated, i.e., in both upper and lower surface illumination cases, incident beam is split into two beams of equal intensity at the output surface where the intensity of the out-going beams are equal for both illumination cases. That is, although the structure is asymmetric, symmetric bidirectional transmission with equal transmission values is demonstrated and the structure mimics the behavior of symmetric structures. Finally, simulation studies including the examination of a coupled-cavity defect for two different permittivity values (close to the permittivity values of GaAs or Si and alumina) reveal unidirectional splitting for a wider band of operation in comparison to the bandwidth obtained in the case of a single embedded defect layer. Since the dielectric materials that are utilized are low-loss and weakly dispersive in a wide frequency range including microwave and optical frequencies, the studied structures should be scalable to the mentioned ranges. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asymmetric%20transmission" title="asymmetric transmission">asymmetric transmission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beam%20deflection" title=" beam deflection"> beam deflection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blazing" title=" blazing"> blazing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bi-directional%20splitting" title=" bi-directional splitting"> bi-directional splitting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defect%20layer" title=" defect layer"> defect layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20beam%20splitting" title=" dual beam splitting"> dual beam splitting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Floquet-Bloch%20modes" title=" Floquet-Bloch modes"> Floquet-Bloch modes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isofrequency%20contours" title=" isofrequency contours"> isofrequency contours</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=line%20defect" title=" line defect"> line defect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oblique%20incidence" title=" oblique incidence"> oblique incidence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photonic%20crystal" title=" photonic crystal"> photonic crystal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unidirectionality" title=" unidirectionality"> unidirectionality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94548/design-of-photonic-crystal-with-defect-layer-to-eliminate-interface-corrugations-for-obtaining-unidirectional-and-bidirectional-beam-splitting-under-normal-incidence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94548.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">184</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Effect of Nano-CaCO₃ Addition on the Nano-Mechanical Properties of Cement Paste</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muzeyyen%20Balcikanli">Muzeyyen Balcikanli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selma%20Ozaslan"> Selma Ozaslan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osman%20Sahin"> Osman Sahin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burak%20Uzal"> Burak Uzal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erdogan%20Ozbay"> Erdogan Ozbay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the effect of nano-CaCO3 replacement with cement on the nano-mechanical properties of cement paste was investigated. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic characteristics Two types of nano CaCO3 were replaced with Portland cement at 0, 0.5 and 1%. Water to (cement+nano-CaCO3) ratio was kept constant at 0.5 for all mixtures. 36 indentations were applied on each cement paste, and the values of nano-hardness and elastic modulus of cement pastes were determined from the indentation depth-load graphs. Then, by getting the average of them, nano-hardness and elastic modulus were identified for each mixture. Test results illustrate that replacement of hydrophilic n-CaCO3 with cement lead to a significant increase in nano-mechanical properties, however, replacement of hydrophobic n-CaCO3 with cement worsened the nano-mechanical properties considerably. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoindenter" title="nanoindenter">nanoindenter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CaCO3" title=" CaCO3"> CaCO3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-hardness" title=" nano-hardness"> nano-hardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-mechanical%20properties" title=" nano-mechanical properties"> nano-mechanical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54618/effect-of-nano-caco3-addition-on-the-nano-mechanical-properties-of-cement-paste" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54618.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Effect of Fiber Types and Elevated Temperatures on the Bond Characteristic of Fiber Reinforced Concretes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erdo%C4%9Fan%20%C3%96zbay">Erdoğan Özbay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hakan%20T.%20T%C3%BCrker"> Hakan T. Türker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%C3%BCzeyyen%20Bal%C3%A7%C4%B1kanl%C4%B1"> Müzeyyen Balçıkanlı</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Lachemi"> Mohamed Lachemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the effects of fiber types and elevated temperatures on compressive strength, modulus of rapture and the bond characteristics of fiber reinforced concretes (FRC) are presented. By using the three different types of fibers (steel fiber-SF, polypropylene-PPF and polyvinyl alcohol-PVA), FRC specimens were produced and exposed to elevated temperatures up to 800 ºC for 1.5 hours. In addition, a plain concrete (without fiber) was produced and used as a control. Test results obtained showed that the steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) had the highest compressive strength, modulus of rapture and bond stress values at room temperatures, the residual bond, flexural and compressive strengths of both FRC and plain concrete dropped sharply after exposure to high temperatures. The results also indicated that the reduction of bond, flexural and compressive strengths with increasing the exposed temperature was relatively less for SFRC than for plain, and FRC with PPF and PVA. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bond%20stress" title="bond stress">bond stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elevated%20temperatures" title=" elevated temperatures"> elevated temperatures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20reinforced%20concrete" title=" fiber reinforced concrete"> fiber reinforced concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modulus%20of%20rapture" title=" modulus of rapture"> modulus of rapture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29676/effect-of-fiber-types-and-elevated-temperatures-on-the-bond-characteristic-of-fiber-reinforced-concretes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29676.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">421</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Optimum Design of Alkali Activated Slag Concretes for Low Chloride Ion Permeability and Water Absorption Capacity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%C3%BCzeyyen%20Bal%C3%A7ikanli">Müzeyyen Balçikanli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erdo%C4%9Fan%20%C3%96zbay"> Erdoğan Özbay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hakan%20Tacettin%20T%C3%BCrker"> Hakan Tacettin Türker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Okan%20Karahan"> Okan Karahan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cengiz%20Duran%20Ati%C5%9F"> Cengiz Duran Atiş</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, effect of curing time (TC), curing temperature (CT), sodium concentration (SC) and silicate modules (SM) on the compressive strength, chloride ion permeability, and water absorption capacity of alkali activated slag (AAS) concretes were investigated. For maximization of compressive strength while for minimization of chloride ion permeability and water absorption capacity of AAS concretes, best possible combination of CT, CTime, SC and SM were determined. An experimental program was conducted by using the central composite design method. Alkali solution-slag ratio was kept constant at 0.53 in all mixture. The effects of the independent parameters were characterized and analyzed by using statistically significant quadratic regression models on the measured properties (dependent parameters). The proposed regression models are valid for AAS concretes with the SC from 0.1% to 7.5%, SM from 0.4 to 3.2, CT from 20 °C to 94 °C and TC from 1.2 hours to 25 hours. The results of test and analysis indicate that the most effective parameter for the compressive strength, chloride ion permeability and water absorption capacity is the sodium concentration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alkali%20activation" title="alkali activation">alkali activation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slag" title=" slag"> slag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rapid%20chloride%20permeability" title=" rapid chloride permeability"> rapid chloride permeability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20absorption%20capacity" title=" water absorption capacity"> water absorption capacity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54620/optimum-design-of-alkali-activated-slag-concretes-for-low-chloride-ion-permeability-and-water-absorption-capacity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54620.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Role of Sodium Concentration, Waiting Time and Constituents’ Temperature on the Rheological Behavior of Alkali Activated Slag Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammet%20M.%20Erdem">Muhammet M. Erdem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erdo%C4%9Fan%20%C3%96zbay"> Erdoğan Özbay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20H.%20Durmu%C5%9F"> Ibrahim H. Durmuş</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Erdemir"> Mustafa Erdemir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Bik%C3%A7e"> Murat Bikçe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%C3%BCzeyyen%20Bal%C3%A7%C4%B1kanl%C4%B1"> Müzeyyen Balçıkanlı</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, rheological behavior of alkali activated slag concretes were investigated depending on the sodium concentration (SC), waiting time (WT) after production, and constituents’ temperature (CT) parameters. For this purpose, an experimental program was conducted with four different SCs of 1.85, 3.0, 4.15, and 5.30%, three different WT of 0 (just after production), 15, and 30 minutes and three different CT of 18, 30, and 40 °C. Solid precursors are activated by water glass and sodium hydroxide solutions with silicate modulus (Ms = SiO<sub>2</sub>/Na<sub>2</sub>O) of 1. Slag content and (water + activator solution)/slag ratio were kept constant in all mixtures. Yield stress and plastic viscosity values were defined for each mixture by using the ICAR rheometer. Test results were demonstrated that all of the three studied parameters have tremendous effect on the yield stress and plastic viscosity values of the alkali activated slag concretes. Increasing the SC, WT, and CT drastically augmented the rheological parameters. At the 15 and 30 minutes WT after production, most of the alkali activated slag concretes were set instantaneously, and rheological measurements were not performed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alkali%20activation" title="alkali activation">alkali activation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slag" title=" slag"> slag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheology" title=" rheology"> rheology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield%20stress" title=" yield stress"> yield stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20viscosity" title=" plastic viscosity"> plastic viscosity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54616/role-of-sodium-concentration-waiting-time-and-constituents-temperature-on-the-rheological-behavior-of-alkali-activated-slag-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54616.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Microscopic Simulation of Toll Plaza Safety and Operations </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bekir%20O.%20Bartin">Bekir O. Bartin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaan%20Ozbay"> Kaan Ozbay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandeep%20Mudigonda"> Sandeep Mudigonda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Yang"> Hong Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of microscopic traffic simulation in evaluating the operational and safety conditions at toll plazas is demonstrated. Two toll plazas in New Jersey are selected as case studies and were developed and validated in Paramics traffic simulation software. In order to simulate drivers’ lane selection behavior in Paramics, a utility-based lane selection approach is implemented in Paramics Application Programming Interface (API). For each vehicle approaching the toll plaza, a utility value is assigned to each toll lane by taking into account the factors that are likely to impact drivers’ lane selection behavior, such as approach lane, exit lane and queue lengths. The results demonstrate that similar operational conditions, such as lane-by-lane toll plaza traffic volume can be attained using this approach. In addition, assessment of safety at toll plazas is conducted via a surrogate safety measure. In particular, the crash index (CI), an improved surrogate measure of time-to-collision (TTC), which reflects the severity of a crash is used in the simulation analyses. The results indicate that the spatial and temporal frequency of observed crashes can be simulated using the proposed methodology. Further analyses can be conducted to evaluate and compare various different operational decisions and safety measures using microscopic simulation models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microscopic%20simulation" title="microscopic simulation">microscopic simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toll%20plaza" title=" toll plaza"> toll plaza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surrogate%20safety" title=" surrogate safety"> surrogate safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=application%20programming%20interface" title=" application programming interface"> application programming interface</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95990/microscopic-simulation-of-toll-plaza-safety-and-operations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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