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test</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: placebo test"> <meta name="keywords" content="placebo test"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="placebo test"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 9304</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: placebo test</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9304</span> Inference for Synthetic Control Methods with Multiple Treated Units</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ziyan%20Zhang">Ziyan Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although the Synthetic Control Method (SCM) is now widely applied, its most commonly- used inference method, placebo test, is often problematic, especially when the treatment is not uniquely assigned. This paper discusses the problems with the placebo test under the multivariate treatment case. And, to improve the power of inferences, I further propose an Andrews-type procedure as it potentially solves some drawbacks of the placebo test. Simulations are conducted to show the Andrews’ test is often valid and powerful, compared with the placebo test. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Synthetic%20Control%20Method" title="Synthetic Control Method">Synthetic Control Method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Multiple%20treatments" title=" Multiple treatments"> Multiple treatments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrews%27%20test" title=" Andrews' test"> Andrews' test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=placebo%20test" title=" placebo test"> placebo test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118257/inference-for-synthetic-control-methods-with-multiple-treated-units" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118257.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">164</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9303</span> The Use of Spirulina during Aerobic Exercise on the Performance of Immune and Consumption Indicators (A Case Study: Young Men After Physical Training)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vahab%20Behmanesh">Vahab Behmanesh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the topics that has always attracted the attention of sports medicine and sports science experts is the positive or negative effect of sports activities on the functioning of the body's immune system. In the present research, a course of aerobic running with spirulina consumption has been studied on the maximum oxygen consumption and the performance of some indicators of the immune system of men who have trained after one session of physical activity. In this research, 50 trained students were studied randomly in four groups, spirulina- aerobic, spirulina, placebo- aerobic, and control. In order to test the research hypotheses, one-way statistical method of variance (ANOVA) was used considering the significance level of a=0.005 and post hoc test (LSD). A blood sample was taken from the participants in the first stage test in fasting and resting state immediately after Bruce's maximal test on the treadmill until complete relaxation was reached, and their Vo2max value was determined through the aforementioned test. The subjects of the spirulina-aerobic running and placebo-aerobic running groups took three 500 mg spirulina and 500 mg placebo pills a day for six weeks and ran three times a week for 30 minutes at the threshold of aerobic stimulation. The spirulina and placebo groups also consumed spirulina and placebo tablets in the above method for six weeks. Then they did the same first stage test as the second stage test. Blood samples were taken to measure the number of CD4+, CD8+, NK, and the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ on four occasions before and after the first and second stage tests. The analysis of the findings showed that: aerobic running and spirulina supplement alone increase Vo2max. Aerobic running and consumption of spirulina increases Vo2max more than other groups (P<0.05), +CD4 and hemoglobin of the spirulina-aerobic running group was significantly different from other groups (P=0.002), +CD4 of the groups together There was no significant difference, NK increased in all groups, the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ between the groups had a significant difference (P=0.002), the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ in the spirulina- aerobic group was lower than the spirulina and placebo groups. All in all, it can be concluded that the supplement of spirulina and aerobic exercise may increase Vo2max and improve safety indicators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spirulina%20%28Q2%29" title="spirulina (Q2)">spirulina (Q2)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemoglobin%20%28Q3%29" title=" hemoglobin (Q3)"> hemoglobin (Q3)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerobic%20exercise%20%28Q3%29" title=" aerobic exercise (Q3)"> aerobic exercise (Q3)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20activity%20%28Q2%29" title=" residual activity (Q2)"> residual activity (Q2)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CD4%2B%20to%20CD8%2B%20ratio%20%28Q3%29" title=" CD4+ to CD8+ ratio (Q3)"> CD4+ to CD8+ ratio (Q3)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155600/the-use-of-spirulina-during-aerobic-exercise-on-the-performance-of-immune-and-consumption-indicators-a-case-study-young-men-after-physical-training" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155600.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9302</span> Methylphenidate and Placebo Effect on Brain Activity and Basketball Free Throw: A Randomized Controlled Trial</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Khazaei">Mohammad Khazaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Rostami"> Reza Rostami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasan%20Gharayagh%20Zandi"> Hasan Gharayagh Zandi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rouhollah%20Basatnia"> Rouhollah Basatnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahbubeh%20Ghayour%20Najafabadi"> Mahbubeh Ghayour Najafabadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Methylphenidate has been demonstrated to enhance attention and cognitive processes, and placebo treatments have also been found to improve attention and cognitive processes. Additionally, methylphenidate may have positive effects on motion perception and sports performance. Nevertheless, additional research is needed to fully comprehend the neural mechanisms underlying the effects of methylphenidate and placebo on cognitive and motor functions. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 18 young semi-professional basketball players aged 18-23 years were randomly and equally assigned to either a Ritalin or Placebo group. The participants performed 20 consecutive free throws; their scores were recorded on a 0-3 scale. The participants’ brain activity was recorded using electroencephalography (EEG) for 5 minutes seated with their eyes closed. The Ritalin group received a 10 mg dose of methylphenidate, while the Placebo group received a 10mg dose of placebo. The EEG was obtained 90 minutes after the drug was administere Results: There was no significant difference in the absolute power of brain waves between the pre-test and post-tests in the Placebo group. However, in the Ritalin group, a significant difference in the absolute power of brain waves was observed in the Theta band (5-6 Hz) and Beta band (21-30 Hz) between pre- and post-tests in Fp2, F8, and Fp1. In these areas, the absolute power of Beta waves was higher during the post-test than during the pre-test. The Placebo group showed a more significant difference in free throw scores than the Ritalin group. Conclusions: In conclusion, these results suggest that Ritalin effect on brain activity in areas associated with attention and cognitive processes, as well as improve basketball free throws. However, there was no significant placebo effect on brain activity performance, but it significantly affected the improvement of free throws. Further research is needed to fully understand the effects of methylphenidate and placebo on cognitive and motor functions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methylphenidate" title="methylphenidate">methylphenidate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=placebo%20effect" title=" placebo effect"> placebo effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electroencephalography" title=" electroencephalography"> electroencephalography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basketball%20free%20throw" title=" basketball free throw"> basketball free throw</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168822/methylphenidate-and-placebo-effect-on-brain-activity-and-basketball-free-throw-a-randomized-controlled-trial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168822.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9301</span> Preliminary Report on the Assessment of the Impact of the Kinesiology Taping Application versus Placebo Taping on the Knee Joint Position Sense</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Hadamus">Anna Hadamus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patryk%20Wasowski"> Patryk Wasowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Mosiolek"> Anna Mosiolek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zbigniew%20Wronski"> Zbigniew Wronski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sebastian%20Wojtowicz"> Sebastian Wojtowicz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dariusz%20Bialoszewski"> Dariusz Bialoszewski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Kinesiology Taping is a very popular physiotherapy method, often used for healthy people, especially athletes, in order to stimulate the muscles and improve their performance. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the muscle application of Kinesiology Taping on the joint position sense in active motion. Material and Methods: The study involved 50 healthy people - 30 men and 20 women, mean age was 23.2 years (range 18-30 years). The exclusion criteria were injuries and operations of the knee, which could affect the test results. The participants were divided randomly into two equal groups. The first group consisted of individuals with the applied Kinesiology Taping muscle application (KT group), whereas in the rest of the individuals placebo application from red adhesive tape was used (placebo group). Both applications were to enhance the effects of quadriceps muscle activity. Joint position sense (JPS) was evaluated in this study. Error of Active Reproduction of the Joint Position (EARJP) of the knee was measured in 45° flexion. The test was performed prior to applying the patch, with the applied application, then 24 hours after wearing, and after removing the tape. The interval between trials was not less than 30 minutes. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 12.0. We calculated distribution characteristics, Wilcoxon test, Friedman‘s ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U test. Results. In the KT group and the placebo group average test score of JPS before applying application KT were 3.48° and 5.16° respectively, after its application it was 4.84° and 4.88°, then after 24 hours of experiment JPS was 5.12° and 4.96°, and after application removal we measured 3.84° and 5.12° respectively. Differences over time in any of the groups were not statistically significant. There were also no significant differences between the groups. Conclusions: 1. Applying Kinesiology Taping to quadriceps muscle had no significant effect on the knee joint proprioception. Its use in order to improve sensorimitor skills seems therefore to be unreasonable. 2. No differences between applications of KT and placebo indicates that the clinical effect of stretch tape is minimal or absent. 3. The results are the basis for the continuation of prospective, randomized trials of numerous study groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20position%20sense" title="joint position sense">joint position sense</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinesiology%20taping" title=" kinesiology taping"> kinesiology taping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinesiotaping" title=" kinesiotaping"> kinesiotaping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee" title=" knee"> knee</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65432/preliminary-report-on-the-assessment-of-the-impact-of-the-kinesiology-taping-application-versus-placebo-taping-on-the-knee-joint-position-sense" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65432.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9300</span> Effects of 8-Week Bee Bread Supplementation on Isokinetic Muscular Strength and Power in Young Athletes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadzel%20Wong%20Chee%20Ping">Fadzel Wong Chee Ping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chee%20Keong%20Chen"> Chee Keong Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Foong%20Kiew%20Ooi"> Foong Kiew Ooi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahaneem%20Mohamed"> Mahaneem Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: To date, information on the effects of bee bread supplementation on isokinetic muscular performance are lacking. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the effects of 8-week bee bread supplementation on isokinetic muscular strength and power in young athletes. Methodology: Twelve male athletes (age: 24.0±1.8 years; BMI: 22.3 ± 1.3 kg.m-2; VO2max: 52.0 ± 2.8 mL.kg-1.min-1) were recruited in this randomised double blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. Participants consumed either bee bread at a dosage of 20 g.d-1 or placebo for 8 weeks. An isokinetic dynamometer was used to measure participants’ lower limb muscular strength and power prior (pre-test) and post (post-test) 8 weeks of experimental period. Testing angular velocities were set at 180o.s-1 and 300o.s-1 to determine knee flexion and extension muscular peak torque (an indicator of muscular strength) and average power of the participants. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA with repeated measures. Results: Isokinetic knee extension peak torque and average power at 180o.s-1, and isokinetic knee flexion peak torque and average power at 180o.s-1 were significantly (p<0.05) higher at post-test compared to pre-test with bee bread supplementation. However, significant differences were not observed in the measured parameters between pre- and post-test with placebo supplementation. Conclusion: Supplementation of bee bread for 8 weeks at a dosage of 20 g daily increased some of the measured isokinetic muscular strength and power parameters in young athletes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bee%20bread" title="bee bread">bee bread</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isokinetic" title=" isokinetic"> isokinetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power" title=" power"> power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strength" title=" strength "> strength </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56220/effects-of-8-week-bee-bread-supplementation-on-isokinetic-muscular-strength-and-power-in-young-athletes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56220.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9299</span> Impact of 6-Week Brain Endurance Training on Cognitive and Cycling Performance in Highly Trained Individuals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Staiano">W. Staiano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Marcora"> S. Marcora</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: It has been proposed that acute negative effect of mental fatigue (MF) could potentially become a training stimulus for the brain (Brain endurance training (BET)) to adapt and improve its ability to attenuate MF states during sport competitions. Purpose: The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of 6 weeks of BET on cognitive and cycling tests in a group of well-trained subjects. We hypothesised that combination of BET and standard physical training (SPT) would increase cognitive capacity and cycling performance by reducing rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and increase resilience to fatigue more than SPT alone. Methods: In a randomized controlled trial design, 26 well trained participants, after a familiarization session, cycled to exhaustion (TTE) at 80% peak power output (PPO) and, after 90 min rest, at 65% PPO, before and after random allocation to a 6 week BET or active placebo control. Cognitive performance was measured using 30 min of STROOP coloured task performed before cycling performance. During the training, BET group performed a series of cognitive tasks for a total of 30 sessions (5 sessions per week) with duration increasing from 30 to 60 min per session. Placebo engaged in a breathing relaxation training. Both groups were monitored for physical training and were naïve to the purpose of the study. Physiological and perceptual parameters of heart rate, lactate (LA) and RPE were recorded during cycling performances, while subjective workload (NASA TLX scale) was measured during the training. Results: Group (BET vs. Placebo) x Test (Pre-test vs. Post-test) mixed model ANOVA’s revealed significant interaction for performance at 80% PPO (p = .038) or 65% PPO (p = .011). In both tests, groups improved their TTE performance; however, BET group improved significantly more compared to placebo. No significant differences were found for heart rate during the TTE cycling tests. LA did not change significantly at rest in both groups. However, at completion of 65% TTE, it was significantly higher (p = 0.043) in the placebo condition compared to BET. RPE measured at ISO-time in BET was significantly lower (80% PPO, p = 0.041; 65% PPO p= 0.021) compared to placebo. Cognitive results in the STROOP task showed that reaction time in both groups decreased at post-test. However, BET decreased significantly (p = 0.01) more compared to placebo despite no differences accuracy. During training sessions, participants in the BET showed, through NASA TLX questionnaires, constantly significantly higher (p < 0.01) mental demand rates compared to placebo. No significant differences were found for physical demand. Conclusion: The results of this study provide evidences that combining BET and SPT seems to be more effective than SPT alone in increasing cognitive and cycling performance in well trained endurance participants. The cognitive overload produced during the 6-week training of BET can induce a reduction in perception of effort at a specific power, and thus improving cycling performance. Moreover, it provides evidence that including neurocognitive interventions will benefit athletes by increasing their mental resilience, without affecting their physical training load and routine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20training" title="cognitive training">cognitive training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception%20of%20effort" title=" perception of effort"> perception of effort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endurance%20performance" title=" endurance performance"> endurance performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuro-performance" title=" neuro-performance "> neuro-performance </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113013/impact-of-6-week-brain-endurance-training-on-cognitive-and-cycling-performance-in-highly-trained-individuals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113013.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9298</span> The Effect of a Test Pump Supplement on the Physiological and Functional Performance of Futsal Women</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samaneh%20Rahsepar">Samaneh Rahsepar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehrzad%20Moghadasi"> Mehrzad Moghadasi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To evaluate the effect of Test Pump supplement on the physiological and functional performance of futsal women, twenty female futsal subjects were divided into two groups: placebo (n = 10) and supplement (n = 10) and were given buccal tablets for 7 days and 12 g daily supplement each day. The placebo group used starch powder during this period. Speed, agility with ball, agility without ball and dribbling time were measured before and after supplementation. In addition, the rate of heart rate and blood pressure changes were measured before and after the YOYO test. The results showed that the test pump had no significant effect on improving speed, agility with ball, agility without ball, dribbling time and heart rate changes and diastolic blood pressure, and only affect the maximum oxygen consumption and systolic blood pressure (P <0.05). In general, the use of the test-pump supplement does not have a significant effect on the physiological and functional performance of futsal women. The results of this study showed that the use of supplementary pump tests on women's futsal heart rate changes after loading period had a significant difference between the two groups in resting heart rate with heart rate after exercise and 5 minutes after exercise. However, it did not have a significant effect on the increase in heart rate. Supplementation significantly increased systolic blood pressure after exercise compared to resting blood pressure, as well as a significant increase in systolic blood pressure after exercise compared to resting systolic blood pressure and 5 minutes after exercise in both groups from the loading period. On the other hand, there was a significant difference in systolic blood pressure in both placebo and supplemented groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20pump%20supplement" title="test pump supplement">test pump supplement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women" title=" women"> women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speed" title=" speed"> speed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dribble" title=" dribble"> dribble</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agility" title=" agility"> agility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20oxygen%20consumption" title=" maximum oxygen consumption"> maximum oxygen consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiovascular" title=" cardiovascular"> cardiovascular</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78788/the-effect-of-a-test-pump-supplement-on-the-physiological-and-functional-performance-of-futsal-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78788.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9297</span> Validation of a Placebo Method with Potential for Blinding in Ultrasound-Guided Dry Needling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johnson%20C.%20Y.%20Pang">Johnson C. Y. Pang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Peng"> Bo Peng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kara%20K.%20L.%20Reeves"> Kara K. L. Reeves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Allan%20C.%20L.%20Fud"> Allan C. L. Fud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Dry needling (DN) has long been used as a treatment method for various musculoskeletal pain conditions. However, the evidence level of the studies was low due to the limitations of the methodology. Lack of randomization and inappropriate blinding is potentially the main sources of bias. A method that can differentiate clinical results due to the targeted experimental procedure from its placebo effect is needed to enhance the validity of the trial. Therefore, this study aimed to validate the method as a placebo ultrasound(US)-guided DN for patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Design: This is a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Ninety subjects (25 males and 65 females) aged between 51 and 80 (61.26 ± 5.57) with radiological KOA were recruited and randomly assigned into three groups with a computer program. Group 1 (G1) received real US-guided DN, Group 2 (G2) received placebo US-guided DN, and Group 3 (G3) was the control group. Both G1 and G2 subjects received the same procedure of US-guided DN, except the US monitor was turned off in G2, blinding the G2 subjects to the incorporation of faux US guidance. This arrangement created the placebo effect intended to permit comparison of their results to those who received actual US-guided DN. Outcome measures, including the visual analog scale (VAS) and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscales of pain, symptoms, and quality of life (QOL), were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) for time effects and group effects. The data regarding the perception of receiving real US-guided DN or placebo US-guided DN were analyzed by the chi-squared test. The missing data were analyzed with the intention-to-treat (ITT) approach if more than 5% of the data were missing. Results: The placebo US-guided DN (G2) subjects had the same perceptions as the use of real US guidance in the advancement of DN (p<0.128). G1 had significantly higher pain reduction (VAS and KOOS-pain) than G2 and G3 at 8 weeks (both p<0.05) only. There was no significant difference between G2 and G3 at 8 weeks (both p>0.05). Conclusion: The method with the US monitor turned off during the application of DN is credible for blinding the participants and allowing researchers to incorporate faux US guidance. The validated placebo US-guided DN technique can aid in investigations of the effects of US-guided DN with short-term effects of pain reduction for patients with KOA. Acknowledgment: This work was supported by the Caritas Institute of Higher Education [grant number IDG200101]. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound-guided%20dry%20needling" title="ultrasound-guided dry needling">ultrasound-guided dry needling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dry%20needling" title=" dry needling"> dry needling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee%20osteoarthritis" title=" knee osteoarthritis"> knee osteoarthritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiotheraphy" title=" physiotheraphy"> physiotheraphy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147288/validation-of-a-placebo-method-with-potential-for-blinding-in-ultrasound-guided-dry-needling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147288.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9296</span> Effect of Kinesio Taping on Anaerobic Power and Maximum Oxygen Consumption after Eccentric Exercise</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Disaphon%20Boobpachat">Disaphon Boobpachat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuttaset%20Manimmanakorn"> Nuttaset Manimmanakorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Apiwan%20Manimmanakorn"> Apiwan Manimmanakorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Worrawut%20Thuwakum"> Worrawut Thuwakum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20J.%20Hamlin"> Michael J. Hamlin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: To evaluate effect of kinesio tape compared to placebo tape and static stretching on recovery of anaerobic power and maximal oxygen uptake (Vo₂max) after intensive exercise. Methods: Thirty nine untrained healthy volunteers were randomized to 3 groups for each intervention: elastic tape, placebo tape and stretching. The participants performed intensive exercise on the dominant quadriceps by using isokinetic dynamometry machine. The recovery process was evaluated by creatine kinase (CK), pressure pain threshold (PPT), muscle soreness scale (MSS), maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), jump height, anaerobic power and Vo₂max at baseline, immediately post-exercise and post-exercise day 1, 2, 3 and 7. Results: The kinesio tape, placebo tape and stretching groups had significant changes of PPT, MVC, jump height at immediately post-exercise compared to baseline (p < 0.05), and changes of MSS, CK, anaerobic power and Vo₂max at day 1 post-exercise compared to baseline (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference of those outcomes among three groups. Additionally, all experimental groups had little effects on anaerobic power and Vo₂max compared to baseline and compared among three groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Kinesio tape and stretching did not improve recovery of anaerobic power and Vo₂max after eccentric exercise compared to placebo tape. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stretching" title="stretching">stretching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eccentric%20exercise" title=" eccentric exercise"> eccentric exercise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wingate%20test" title=" Wingate test"> Wingate test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscle%20soreness" title=" muscle soreness"> muscle soreness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103341/effect-of-kinesio-taping-on-anaerobic-power-and-maximum-oxygen-consumption-after-eccentric-exercise" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103341.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9295</span> Validation of a Placebo Method with Potential for Blinding in Ultrasound-Guided Dry Needling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johnson%20C.%20Y.%20Pang">Johnson C. Y. Pang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Pengb"> Bo Pengb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kara%20K.%20L.%20Reevesc"> Kara K. L. Reevesc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Allan%20C.%20L.%20Fud"> Allan C. L. Fud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Dry needling (DN) has long been used as a treatment method for various musculoskeletal pain conditions. However, the evidence level of the studies was low due to the limitations of the methodology. Lack of randomization and inappropriate blinding are potentially the main sources of bias. A method that can differentiate clinical results due to the targeted experimental procedure from its placebo effect is needed to enhance the validity of the trial. Therefore, this study aimed to validate the method as a placebo ultrasound(US)-guided DN for patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Design: This is a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Ninety subjects (25 males and 65 females) aged between 51 and 80 (61.26±5.57) with radiological KOA were recruited and randomly assigned into three groups with a computer program. Group 1 (G1) received real US-guided DN, Group 2 (G2) received placebo US-guided DN, and Group 3 (G3) was the control group. Both G1 and G2 subjects received the same procedure of US-guided DN, except the US monitor was turned off in G2, blinding the G2 subjects to the incorporation of faux US guidance. This arrangement created the placebo effect intended to permit comparison of their results to those who received actual US-guided DN. Outcome measures, including the visual analog scale (VAS) and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscales of pain, symptoms and quality of life (QOL), were analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) for time effects and group effects. The data regarding the perception of receiving real US-guided DN or placebo US-guided DN were analyzed by the chi-squared test. The missing data were analyzed with the intention-to-treat (ITT) approach if more than 5% of the data were missing. Results: The placebo US-guided DN (G2) subjects had the same perceptions as the use of real US guidance in the advancement of DN (p<0.128). G1 had significantly higher pain reduction (VAS and KOOS-pain) than G2 and G3 at 8 weeks (both p<0.05) only. There was no significant difference between G2 and G3 at 8 weeks (both p>0.05). Conclusion: The method with the US monitor turned off during the application of DN is credible for blinding the participants and allowing researchers to incorporate faux US guidance. The validated placebo US-guided DN technique can aid in investigations of the effects of US-guided DN with short-term effects of pain reduction for patients with KOA. Acknowledgment: This work was supported by the Caritas Institute of Higher Education [grant number IDG200101]. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title="reliability">reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jumping" title=" jumping"> jumping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20motion%20analysis" title=" 3D motion analysis"> 3D motion analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anterior%20crucial%20ligament%20reconstruction" title=" anterior crucial ligament reconstruction"> anterior crucial ligament reconstruction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147767/validation-of-a-placebo-method-with-potential-for-blinding-in-ultrasound-guided-dry-needling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147767.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9294</span> The Effectiveness of Herbal Capsules Ethanol Extract of Celery (Apium graveolens L.) and Bulb of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) in Lowering Total Cholesterol Levels in Patients with Hypercholesterolemia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anton%20Bahtiar">Anton Bahtiar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lukas%20Tjandra%20Leksana"> Lukas Tjandra Leksana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fransiscus%20D.%20Suyatna"> Fransiscus D. Suyatna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major risk factors that can trigger the development of cardiovascular disease, especially coronary heart disease. One of the traditional drugs used for hypercholesterolemia is a combination of herbs celery (Apium graveolens) and garlic (Allium sativum). This study aimed to investigate the effects of the extract on lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Subjects consisted of patients with traditional medicine clinic in Jakarta. Each subject received treatment capsules containing herbal extract and placebo capsules. On the 44 subjects, the lipid profile was examined blood levels of total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides. Paired two-tailed t-test was used for the difference between lipid profile of the therapy group and the placebo group. The changes in the lipid profile between the treatment groups and the placebo group for total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides was 14,82 ± 6,946;1.45 ± 2,945;6,98 ± 8,105;2,48 ± 6,504 mg/dL. The herbal extract decrease blood cholesterol and LDL levels significantly (P <0.05). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Allium%20sativum" title="Allium sativum">Allium sativum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Apium%20graveolens" title=" Apium graveolens"> Apium graveolens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypercholesterolemia" title=" hypercholesterolemia"> hypercholesterolemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cholesterol" title=" cholesterol"> cholesterol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HDL" title=" HDL"> HDL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LDL" title=" LDL"> LDL</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47441/the-effectiveness-of-herbal-capsules-ethanol-extract-of-celery-apium-graveolens-l-and-bulb-of-garlic-allium-sativum-l-in-lowering-total-cholesterol-levels-in-patients-with-hypercholesterolemia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47441.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9293</span> Spironolactone in Psoriatic Arthritis: Safety, Efficacy and Effect on Disease Activity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashit%20Syngle">Ashit Syngle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inderjit%20Verma"> Inderjit Verma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawan%20Krishan"> Pawan Krishan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Therapeutic approaches used previously relied on disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) that had only partial clinical benefit and were associated with significant toxicity. Spironolactone, an oral aldosterone antagonist, suppresses inflammatory mediators. Clinical efficacy of spironolactone compared with placebo in patients with active psoriatic arthritis despite treatment with prior traditional DMARDs. In the 24-week, placebo-controlled study patients (n=31) were randomized to placebo and spironolactone (2 m/kg/day). Patients on background concurrent DMARDs continued stable doses (methotrexate, leflunomide, and/or sulfasalazine). Primary outcome measures were the assessment of disease activity measures i.e. 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28) and diseases activity in psoriatic arthritis (DAPSA) at week 24. The key secondary endpoint was change from baseline in Health Assessment Questionnaire–Disability Index (HAQ-DI) at week 24. Additional efficacy outcome measures at week 24 included improvements in the markers of inflammation (ESR and CRP) and pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1. At week 24, spironolactone significantly reduced disease activity measure DAS-28 (p<0.001) and DAPSA (p=0.001) compared with placebo. Significant improvements in key secondary measures HAQ-DI (disability index) were evident with spironolactone (p=0.02) versus placebo. After week 24, there was significant reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines level TNF-α, IL-6 (p<0.01) as compared with placebo group. However, there was no significant improvement in IL-1 in both treatment and placebo groups. There were minor side effects which did not mandate stopping of spironolactone. No change in any biochemical profile was noted after spironolactone treatment. Spironolactone was effective in the treatment of PsA, improving disease activity, physical function and suppressing the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Spironolactone demonstrated an acceptable safety profile and was well tolerated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spironolactone" title="spironolactone">spironolactone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammation" title=" inflammation"> inflammation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammatory%20cytokine" title=" inflammatory cytokine"> inflammatory cytokine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psoriatic%20arthritis" title=" psoriatic arthritis "> psoriatic arthritis </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17389/spironolactone-in-psoriatic-arthritis-safety-efficacy-and-effect-on-disease-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17389.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9292</span> Placebo Analgesia in Older Age: Evidence from Event-Related Potentials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angelika%20Dierolf">Angelika Dierolf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Rischer"> K. Rischer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Gonzalez-Roldan"> A. Gonzalez-Roldan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Montoya"> P. Montoya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Anton"> F. Anton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Van%20der%20Meulen"> M. Van der Meulen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Placebo analgesia is a powerful cognitive endogenous pain modulation mechanism with high relevance in pain treatment. Older people would benefit, especially from non-pharmacologic pain interventions, since this age group is disproportionately affected by acute and chronic pain, while pharmacological treatments are less suitable due to polypharmacy and age-related changes in drug metabolism. Although aging is known to affect neurobiological and physiological aspects of pain perception, as for example, changes in pain threshold and pain tolerance, its effects on cognitive pain modulation strategies, including placebo analgesia, have hardly been investigated so far. In the present study, we are assessing placebo analgesia in 35 older adults (60 years and older) and 35 younger adults (between 18 and 35 years). Acute pain was induced with short transdermal electrical pulses to the inner forearm, using a concentric stimulating electrode. Stimulation intensities were individually adjusted to the participant’s threshold. Next to the stimulation site, we applied sham transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). Participants were informed that sometimes the TENS device would be switched on (placebo condition), and sometimes it would be switched off (control condition). In reality, it was always switched off. Participants received alternating blocks of painful stimuli in the placebo and control condition and were asked to rate the intensity and unpleasantness of each stimulus on a visual analog scale (VAS). Pain-related evoked potentials were recorded with a 64-channel EEG. Preliminary results show a reduced placebo effect in older compared to younger adults in both behavioral and neurophysiological data. Older people experienced less subjective pain reduction under sham TENS treatment compared to younger adults, as evidenced by the VAS ratings. The N1 and P2 event-related potential components were generally reduced in the older group. While younger adults showed a reduced N1 and P2 under sham TENS treatment, this reduction was considerably smaller in older people. This reduced placebo effect in the older group suggests that cognitive pain modulation is altered in aging and may at least partly explain why older adults experience more pain. Our results highlight the need for a better understanding of the efficacy of non-pharmacological pain treatments in older adults and how these can be optimized to meet the specific requirements of this population. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=placebo%20analgesia" title="placebo analgesia">placebo analgesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging" title=" aging"> aging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20pain" title=" acute pain"> acute pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TENS" title=" TENS"> TENS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EEG" title=" EEG"> EEG</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121919/placebo-analgesia-in-older-age-evidence-from-event-related-potentials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121919.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9291</span> Evaluation of Mirabegron, Tolterodine, and Fesoterodine for Double-J Stent-Related Symptoms: A Comparative Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Janet%20Joy">Janet Joy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shri%20Shailesh%20Amarkhed"> Shri Shailesh Amarkhed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pradeep%20M.%20Kulkarni"> Pradeep M. Kulkarni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Ureteral stent-related symptoms significantly impact patients' quality of life. This study compared the efficacy of Mirabegron, Tolterodine, and Fesoterodine in managing these symptoms. Methodology: In this prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, two hundred patients undergoing ureteral stenting were randomly assigned to receive Mirabegron, Tolterodine, Fesoterodine, or placebo for two weeks. Symptoms were assessed using the Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire (USSQ) at stent removal. Results: 200 patients completed the study. Mirabegron demonstrated the lowest mean USSQ score (31.6 ± 6.4), followed by Fesoterodine (34.0 ± 6.9) and Tolterodine (35.0 ± 7.2), all significantly lower than placebo (48.6 ± 8.7, p<0.001). Mirabegron showed superior efficacy in reducing urinary symptoms (score: 16.5 ± 3.9) compared to Fesoterodine (17.8 ± 4.1) and Tolterodine (18.2 ± 4.3). Side effects, such as parched mouth, were less frequent with Mirabegron (6%) than with Tolterodine (28%) and Fesoterodine (24%). Conclusion: All three medications significantly improved stent-related symptoms compared to placebo. Mirabegron demonstrated a trend toward superior efficacy and fewer side effects, suggesting its potential as a first-line treatment for stent-related discomfort. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ureteral%20stent" title="ureteral stent">ureteral stent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mirabegron" title=" mirabegron"> mirabegron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tolterodine" title=" tolterodine"> tolterodine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fesoterodine" title=" fesoterodine"> fesoterodine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=USSQ" title=" USSQ"> USSQ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stent-related%20symptoms" title=" stent-related symptoms"> stent-related symptoms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192339/evaluation-of-mirabegron-tolterodine-and-fesoterodine-for-double-j-stent-related-symptoms-a-comparative-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192339.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">20</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9290</span> The Effect of Trans-Cranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Cognitive Flexibility and Social Decision-Making in Football Players </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erfan%20Izadpanah">Erfan Izadpanah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of the Trans-Cranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on cognitive flexibility and social decision-making in skilled, semi-skilled and novice football players. The present quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study was conducted on 60 randomly-selected subjects divided into trial and placebo groups (n=30 per group). The trial group received three 20-minute sessions of anodic stimulation at the intensity of 2 mA. The placebo group also received three sessions of sham anodic stimulation. Data were collected using the Wisconsin, Grant and Berg Card-Sorting Test (1948) and the ultimatum game and were then analyzed using the ANCOVA. The results showed significant differences between the skilled, semi-skilled and novice football players in the trial and placebo groups in terms of cognitive flexibility and social decision-making (P<0.01). TDCS appears to be able to improve cognitive flexibility and consequently social decision-making in football players and is recommended to sport psychologists and coaches as a useful intervention to increase cognitive flexibility and improve social decision-making in players. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TDCS" title="TDCS">TDCS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20flexibility" title=" cognitive flexibility"> cognitive flexibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20decision-making" title=" social decision-making"> social decision-making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skilled" title=" skilled"> skilled</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semi-skilled%20and%20novice%20football%20players" title=" semi-skilled and novice football players"> semi-skilled and novice football players</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129465/the-effect-of-trans-cranial-direct-current-stimulation-tdcs-on-cognitive-flexibility-and-social-decision-making-in-football-players" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129465.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9289</span> A New Cytoprotective Drug on the Basis of Cytisine: Phase I Clinical Trial Results</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Yermekbayeva">B. Yermekbayeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Gulyayaev"> A. Gulyayaev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Nurgozhin"> T. Nurgozhin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Bektur"> C. Bektur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cytisine aminophosphonate under the name "Cytafat" was approved for clinical trials in Republic of Kazakhstan as a putative liver protecting drug for the treatment of acute toxic hepatitis. A method of conducting the clinical trial is a double blind study. Total number of patients -71, aged from 16 to 56 years. Research on healthy volunteers determined the maximal tolerable doze of "Cytafat" as 200 mg/kg. Side effects when administered at high dozes (100-200 mg/kg) are tachycardia and increase of arterial blood pressure. The drug is tested in the treatment of 28 patients with a syndrome of hepatocellular failure (a poisoning with substitutes of alcohol, rat poison, or medical products). "Cytafat" was intravenously administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg in 200 ml of 5 % glucose solution once daily. The number of administrations: 1-3. In the comparison group, 23 patients were treated intravenously once a day with “Essenciale H” at a dose of 10 ml. 20 patients received a placebo (10 ml of glucose intravenously). In all cases of toxic hepatopathology the significant positive clinical effect of the testing drug distinguishable from placebo and surpassing the alternative was observed. Within a day after administration a sharp reduction of cytolitic syndrome parameters (ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase, thymol turbidity test, GGT) was registered, a reduction of the severity of cholestatic syndrome (bilirubin decreased) was recorded, significantly decreased indices of lipid peroxidation. The following day, in all cases the positive dynamics was determined with ultrasound study (reduction of diffuse changes and events of reactive pancreatitis), hepatomegaly disappeared. Normalization of all parameters occurred in 2-3 times faster, than when using the drug "Essenciale H" and placebo. Average term of elimination of toxic hepatopathy when using the drug "Cytafat" -2,8 days, "Essenciale H" -7,2 days, and placebo -10,6 days. The new drug "Cytafat" has expressed cytoprotective properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytisine" title="cytisine">cytisine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytoprotection" title=" cytoprotection"> cytoprotection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepatopathy" title=" hepatopathy"> hepatopathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepatoprotection" title=" hepatoprotection"> hepatoprotection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17282/a-new-cytoprotective-drug-on-the-basis-of-cytisine-phase-i-clinical-trial-results" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17282.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9288</span> Randomized Trial of Tian Jiu Therapy in San Fu Days for Patients with Chronic Asthma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Libing%20Zhu">Libing Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waichung%20Chen"> Waichung Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwaicing%20Lo"> Kwaicing Lo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Li"> Lei Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Tian Jiu Therapy (a medicinal vesiculation therapy according to traditional Chinese medicine theory) in San Fu Days (the three hottest days in a year is calculated by the Chinese ancient calendar) is widely used by patients with chronic asthma in China although from modern medicine perspective there is insufficient evidence of its effectiveness and safety issues. We investigated the efficacy and safety of Tian Jiu Therapy compared with placebo in patients with chronic asthma. Methods: Patients with chronic asthma were randomly assigned to Tian Jiu treatment group (n=165), placebo control group (n=158). Registered Chinese Medicine practitioners, in Orthopedics-Traumatology, Acupuncture, and Tui-na Clinical Centre for Teaching and Research, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, administered Tian Jiu Therapy and placebo treatment in 3 times over 2 months. Patients completed questionnaires and lung function test before treatment and after treatment, 3, 6, 9, and 11 months, respectively. The primary outcome was the no of asthma-related sub-healthy symptoms and the percentage of patients with twenty-three symptoms. Results: 451 patients were recruited totally, 111 patients refused or did not participate according the appointment time and 17 did not meet the inclusion criteria. Consequently, 323 of eligible patients were enrolled. There was nothing difference between Tian Jiu Therapy group and placebo control group at the end of all treatments neither primary nor secondary outcomes. While Tian Jiu Therapy as compared with placebo significantly reduced the percentage of participants who are susceptible waken up by asthma symptoms from 27% to 14% at 2nd follow-up (P < 0.05). Similarly, Tian Jiu Therapy significantly reduced the proportion of participants who had the symptom of running nose and sneezing before onset from 18% to 8% at 2nd follow-up (P < 0.05). Additionally, Tian Jiu Therapy significantly reduced the level of asthma, the proportion of participants who don’t need to processed during asthma attack increased from 6% to 15% at 1st follow-up and 0% to 7% at 3rd follow-up (P < 0.05). Improvements also occurred with Tian Jiu Therapy group, it reduced the proportion of participants who were spontaneously sweating at 3rd follow up and diarrhea after intake of oily food at 4th follow-up (P < 0.05). Conclusion: When added to a regimen of foundational therapy for chronic asthma participants, Tian Jiu Therapy further reduced the need for medications to control asthma, improved the quality of participants’ life, and significantly reduced the level of asthma. What is more, this benefit seems to have an accumulative effect over time was in accordance with the TCM theory of 'winter disease is being cured in summer'. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asthma" title="asthma">asthma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tian%20Jiu%20Therapy" title=" Tian Jiu Therapy"> Tian Jiu Therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=San%20Fu%20Days" title=" San Fu Days"> San Fu Days</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triaditional%20Chinese%20medicine" title=" triaditional Chinese medicine"> triaditional Chinese medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20trial" title=" clinical trial"> clinical trial</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8837/randomized-trial-of-tian-jiu-therapy-in-san-fu-days-for-patients-with-chronic-asthma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8837.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9287</span> OnabotulinumtoxinA Injection for Glabellar Frown Lines as an Adjunctive Treatment for Depression</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Witbooi">I. Witbooi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20De%20Smidt"> J. De Smidt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Oelofse"> A. Oelofse</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Negative emotions that are common in depression are coupled with the activation of the corrugator supercilli and procerus muscles in the glabellar region of the face. This research investigated the impact of OnabotulinumtoxinA (BOTOX) in the improvement of emotional states in depressed subjects by relaxing the mentioned muscles. The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of BOTOX treatment for glabellar frown lines as an adjunctive therapy for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and to improve the quality of life and self-esteem of the subjects. It is hypothesized that BOTOX treatment for glabellar frown lines reduces depressive symptoms significantly and therefore augment conventional antidepressant medication. Forty-five (45) subjects diagnosed with MDD were assigned to a treatment (n = 15), placebo (n = 15), and control (n = 15) group. The treatment group received BOTOX injection, while the placebo group received saline injection into the Procerus and Corrugator supercilli muscles with follow-up visits every 3 weeks (weeks 3, 6 and 12 respectively). The control group received neither BOTOX nor saline injections and were only interviewed again on the 12th week. To evaluate the effect of BOTOX treatment in the glabellar region on depressive symptoms, the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating (MADRS) scale and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used. The Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) were used in the assessment of self-esteem and quality of life. Participants were followed up for a 12 week period. The expected primary outcome measure is the response to treatment, and it is defined as a ≥ 50% reduction in MADRS score from baseline. Other outcome measures include a clinically significant decrease in BDI scores and the increase in quality of life and self-esteem respectively. Initial results show a clear trend towards such differences. Results showed trends towards expected differences. Patients in the Botox group had a mean MADRS score of 14.0 at 3 weeks compared to 20.3 of the placebo group. This trend was still visible at 6 weeks with the Botox and placebo group scoring an average of 10 vs. 18 respectively. The mean difference in MDRS scores from baseline to 3 weeks were 9.3 and 2.0 for the Botox and placebo group respectively. Similarly, the BDI scores were lower in the Botox group (17.25) compared to the placebo group (19.43). The two self-esteem questionnaires showed expected results at this stage with the RSES 19.1 in the Botox group compared to 18.6 in the placebo group. Similarly, the Botox patients had a higher score for the Q-LES-Q-SF of 49.2 compared to 46.1 for the placebo group. Conclusions: Initial results clearly demonstrated that the use of Botox had positive effects on both scores of depressions and that of self-esteem when compared to a placebo group. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adjunctive%20therapy" title="adjunctive therapy">adjunctive therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depression" title=" depression"> depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glabellar%20area" title=" glabellar area"> glabellar area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OnabotulinumtoxinA" title=" OnabotulinumtoxinA"> OnabotulinumtoxinA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73671/onabotulinumtoxina-injection-for-glabellar-frown-lines-as-an-adjunctive-treatment-for-depression" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73671.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9286</span> The Role of Vitamin D Supplementation in Augmenting IFN-γ Production in Response to Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection: A Randomized Controlled Trial</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Imran%20Hussain">Muhammad Imran Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramisha%20Ibtisam"> Ramisha Ibtisam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tayyaba%20Fatima"> Tayyaba Fatima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huba%20Khalid"> Huba Khalid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayesha%20Aziz"> Ayesha Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khansa"> Khansa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adan%20Sitara"> Adan Sitara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anam%20Shahzad"> Anam Shahzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aymen%20Jabeen"> Aymen Jabeen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vitamin D supports the immune system fight TB by inhibiting Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and lowering host inflammation. The purpose of the research was to see if giving the vitamin D supplements to TB patients affected their prognosis. A randomized placebo control study of 200 TB patients was performed among which 106 received 400,000 IU of injectable vitamin D3 and 94 received placebo for 2 doses. Assessment was carried out at the end of every month for 3 months. IFN-γ responses to whole blood stimulation generated by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis sonicate (MTBs) antigen and early secreted and T cell activated 6 kDa (ESAT6) were assessed at 0 and 12 weeks. The statistical analysis used descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), Friedman's test and Fisher's test. The vitamin D group gained significantly more weight (+3.90 pounds) and had less persistent lung disease on imaging (1.33 zones vs. 1.84 zones). They also had a 50% decrease in cavity size. Additionally, patients with low baseline serum concentrations of 25-(OH)D had a significant increase in MTB-induced IFN-γ production after taking vitamin D supplements. Vitamin D administration in large amounts can hasten the recovery of TB patients. The findings point is a therapeutically useful activity of Vitamin D's in the management for tuberculosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tuberculosis" title="tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20D" title=" vitamin D"> vitamin D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interferon%20gamma" title=" interferon gamma"> interferon gamma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein" title=" protein"> protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infection" title=" infection"> infection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184471/the-role-of-vitamin-d-supplementation-in-augmenting-ifn-gh-production-in-response-to-mycobacterium-tuberculosis-infection-a-randomized-controlled-trial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184471.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">52</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9285</span> The Effect of Acute Consumption of a Nutritional Supplement Derived from Vegetable Extracts Rich in Nitrate on Athletic Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giannis%20Arnaoutis">Giannis Arnaoutis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitra%20Efthymiopoulou"> Dimitra Efthymiopoulou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria-Foivi%20Nikolopoulou"> Maria-Foivi Nikolopoulou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yannis%20Manios"> Yannis Manios</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> AIM: Nitrate-containing supplements have been used extensively as ergogenic in many sports. However, extract fractions from plant-based nutritional sources high in nitrate and their effect on athletic performance, has not been systematically investigated. The purpose of the present study was to examine the possible effect of acute consumption of a “smart mixture” from beetroot and rocket on exercise capacity. MATERIAL & METHODS: 12 healthy, nonsmoking, recreationally active, males (age: 25±4 years, % fat: 15.5±5.7, Fat Free Mass: 65.8±5.6 kg, VO2 max: 45.46.1 mL . kg -1 . min -1) participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial study, in a randomized and counterbalanced order. Eligibility criteria for participation in this study included normal physical examination, and absence of any metabolic, cardiovascular, or renal disease. All participants completed a time to exhaustion cycling test at 75% of their maximum power output, twice. The subjects consumed either capsules containing 360 mg of nitrate in total or placebo capsules, in the morning, under fasted state. After 3h of passive recovery the performance test followed. Blood samples were collected upon arrival of the participants and 3 hours after the consumption of the corresponding capsules. Time until exhaustion, pre- and post-test lactate concentrations, and rate of perceived exertion for the same time points were assessed. RESULTS: Paired-sample t-test analysis found a significant difference in time to exhaustion between the trial with the nitrate consumption versus placebo [16.1±3.0 Vs 13.5±2.6 min, p=0.04] respectively. No significant differences were observed for the concentrations of lactic acid as well as for the values in the Borg scale between the two trials (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of the present study, it appears that a nutritional supplement derived from vegetable extracts rich in nitrate, improves athletic performance in recreationally active young males. However, the precise mechanism is not clear and future studies are needed. Acknowledgment: This research has been co‐financed by the European Regional Development Fund of the European Union and Greek national funds through the Operational Program Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation, under the call RESEARCH – CREATE – INNOVATE (project code:T2EDK-00843). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20performance" title="sports performance">sports performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ergogenic%20supplements" title=" ergogenic supplements"> ergogenic supplements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrate" title=" nitrate"> nitrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extract%20fractions" title=" extract fractions"> extract fractions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167646/the-effect-of-acute-consumption-of-a-nutritional-supplement-derived-from-vegetable-extracts-rich-in-nitrate-on-athletic-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167646.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9284</span> Antihypertensive Effect of Formulated Apium graveolens: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Shayani%20Rad">Maryam Shayani Rad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Ahmad%20Mohajeri"> Seyed Ahmad Mohajeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Mouhebati"> Mohsen Mouhebati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Danial%20Mousavi"> Seyed Danial Mousavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High blood pressure is one of the most important and serious health-threatening because of no symptoms in most people, which can lead to sudden heart attack, heart failure, and stroke. Nowadays, herbal medicine is one of the best and safest strategies for treatment that have no adverse effects. Apium graveolens (celery) can be used as an alternative treatment for many health conditions such as hypertension. Natural compounds reduce blood pressure via different mechanisms in which Apium graveolens extract provides potent calcium channel blocking properties. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over clinical trial was done to evaluate the efficacy of formulated Apium graveolens extract with a maximum yield of 3-n-butylphthalide to reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with hypertension. 54 hypertensive patients in the range of 20-68 years old were randomly assigned to the treatment group (26 cases) and the placebo control group (26 cases) and were crossed over after washout duration. The treatment group received at least 2 grams of formulated powder in hard capsules orally, before each meal, 2 times daily. The control group received 2 grams of placebo in hard capsules orally, exactly as the same as shape, time, and doses of treatment group. Treatment was administrated in 12 weeks with 4 weeks washout period at the middle of the study, meaning 4 weeks drug consumption for the treatment group, 4 weeks washout and 4 weeks placebo consumption, and vice versa for the placebo control group. The clinical assessment was done 4 times, including at the beginning and ending of the drug and placebo consumption period by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) holter, which measured blood pressure every 15 minutes continuously. There was a statistically significant decrease in both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at the end of drug duration compared to baseline. The changes after 4 weeks on average was about 12.34 mm Hg for the SBP (P < 0.005) and 7.83 mm Hg for the DBP (P < 0.005). The results from this clinical trial study showed this Apium graveolens extract formulation in the mentioned dosage had a significant effect on blood pressure-lowering for hypertensive patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Apium%20graveolens%20extract" title="Apium graveolens extract">Apium graveolens extract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20trial" title=" clinical trial"> clinical trial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-over" title=" cross-over"> cross-over</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypertension" title=" hypertension"> hypertension</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130733/antihypertensive-effect-of-formulated-apium-graveolens-a-randomized-double-blind-placebo-controlled-clinical-trial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130733.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9283</span> Effect of Vitamin D3 on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Prognosis, Anthropometric and Body Composition Parameters of Overweight Women: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nahla%20Al-Bayyari">Nahla Al-Bayyari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rae%E2%80%99d%20Hailat"> Rae’d Hailat </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vitamin D deficiency and overweight are common in women suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Weight gain in PCOS is an important factor for the development of menstrual dysfunction and signs of hyperandrogenism and alopecia. Features of PCOS such as oligomenorrhea can be predicted by anthropometric measurements as body mass index (BMI). Therefore, the aim of this trial was to study the effect of 50,000 IU/week of vitamin D₃ supplementation on the body composition and on the anthropometric measurements of overweight women with PCOS and to examine the impact of this effect on ovaries ultrasonography and menstrual cycle regularity. The study design was a prospective randomized, double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted on 60 overweight Jordanian women aged (18-49) years with PCOS and vitamin D deficiency. The study participants were divided into two groups; vitamin D group (n = 30) who were assigned to receive 50,000 IU/week of vitamin D₃ and placebo group (n = 30) who were assigned to receive placebo tablets orally for 90 days. The anthropometric measurements and body composition were measured at baseline and after treatment for the PCOS and vitamin D deficient women. Also, assessment of the participants’ picture of ovaries by ultrasound and menstrual cycle regulatory were performed before and after treatment. Results showed that there were no significant (p > 0.05) differences between the placebo and vitamin D group basal 25(OH)D levels, body composition and anthropometric parameters. After treatment, vitamin D group serum levels of 25(OH)D increased (12.5 ± 0.61 to 50.2 ± 2.04 ng/mL, (p < 0.001), and decreased (50.2 ± 2.04 to 48.2 ± 2.03 ng/mL, p < 0.001) after 14 days of vitamin D₃ treatment cessation. There were no significant changes in the placebo group. In the vitamin D group, there were significant (p < 0.001) decreases in body weight, BMI, waist, and hip circumferences and fat mass. In addition, there were significant increases (p < 0.05) in fat free mass and total body water. These improvements in both anthropometric and body composition as well as in 25(OH)D concentrations, resulted in significant improvements in the picture of PCOS women ovaries ultrasonography and in menstrual cycle regularity, where nearly most of them (93%) had regular cycles after vitamin D₃ supplementation. In the placebo group, there were only significant decreases (p < 0.05) in waist and hip circumferences. It can be concluded that vitamin D supplementation improving serum 25(OH)D levels and PCOS prognosis by reducing body weight of overweight PCOS women and regulating their menstrual cycle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthropometric" title="anthropometric">anthropometric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overweight" title=" overweight"> overweight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polycystic%20ovary%20syndrome" title=" polycystic ovary syndrome"> polycystic ovary syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20D%E2%82%83" title=" vitamin D₃"> vitamin D₃</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101908/effect-of-vitamin-d3-on-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-prognosis-anthropometric-and-body-composition-parameters-of-overweight-women-a-randomized-placebo-controlled-clinical-trial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101908.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9282</span> Effects of Oral Resveratrol Supplementation on Inflammation and Quality of Life in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Samsami">M. Samsami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Hekmatdoost"> A. Hekmatdoost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Ebrahimi%20Daryani"> N. Ebrahimi Daryani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Rezanejad%20Asl"> P. Rezanejad Asl</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease in which immune and inflammatory factors are thought to be effective in this disease. Resveratrol is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound. This study determined the effects of resveratrol compound on inflammatory factors in patients with ulcerative colitis. This study was a double-blind randomized clinical trial conducted on 50 patients with UC. Subjects received one capsule daily for 6 wk of either resveratrol (500 mg) or a placebo. Inflammatory factors, anthropometric measures, and IBDQ-9 (Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire-9) scores were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study. STATA12 software was used for data analysis. No significant differences were found in the background variables between the two groups at baseline. The results indicated that resveratrol supplementation for 6 week significantly decreased plasma levels of TNF-a and hs-CRP and the activity of NF-κB over the placebo group (p<0.001). Significant differences remained after adjustment for vitamin C (p<0.0001). The IBDQ-9 scores increased significantly in the resveratrol group over the placebo group (p<0.001). The findings of this study showed that resveratrol supplementation can be useful in patients with ulcerative colitis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IBD" title="IBD">IBD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammation" title=" inflammation"> inflammation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resveratrol" title=" resveratrol"> resveratrol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ulcerative%20colitis" title=" ulcerative colitis"> ulcerative colitis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17416/effects-of-oral-resveratrol-supplementation-on-inflammation-and-quality-of-life-in-patients-with-ulcerative-colitis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17416.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9281</span> Evaluation of Anti-Pruritus Effect of Melatonin on Hemodialysis Patients with Uremic Pruritus: A Randomized Clinical Trial</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paria%20Baharvand">Paria Baharvand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Reza%20Abbasi"> Mohammad Reza Abbasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soha%20Namazi"> Soha Namazi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Uremic pruritus (UP) is one of the major complaints in hemodialysis patients. The aim of this randomized clinical trial study was the evaluation of the anti-pruritus effect of Melatonin on hemodialysis patients with UP. Methods: This multi-centered double, blinded randomized clinical trial study was conducted on hemodialysis patients with UP that referred to the dialysis department of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Labbafinezhad Hospital and Ghiasi Hospital in Tehran, Iran, in 2018. Forty participants were enrolled and block randomization was performed by using a randomized list and divided into 2 groups of twenty patients. Evaluation of the 12-Item Pruritus Severity Scale (12-PSS), Visual analog scale (VAS), and Calculation of the affected body surface area for pruritus extent (BSA %) was performed every week. The Melatonin group received a 10 mg soft gel capsule, and the placebo group received a soft gel capsule placebo after dinner. For statistical analysis used by SPSS version 21(IRCT20180714040462N1). Results: 38 hemodialysis patients enrolled in this study. The mean age in the placebo group and in the Melatonin group was 55.88 ± 11.70 and 54.52 ± 13.00 years (p> 0.05). Also, 46% of all participants were female. Aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and C-reactive protein have significant differences between the two groups (p< 0.05). VAS score reduction in the two groups had a statistically significant (CI 95% = -1.71, P= 0.015(.The results of BSA% showed Melatonin had a significant effect on the decrease of the pruritus extent compared to placebo (CI 95% = -22.82, P= 0.001(. Conclusion: According to the results of this study and the preliminary effects of Melatonin on uremic pruritus, we suggest performing advanced clinical trials studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melatonin" title="Melatonin">Melatonin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uremic%20Pruritus" title=" Uremic Pruritus"> Uremic Pruritus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemodialysis" title=" hemodialysis"> hemodialysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-pruritus" title=" anti-pruritus"> anti-pruritus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168578/evaluation-of-anti-pruritus-effect-of-melatonin-on-hemodialysis-patients-with-uremic-pruritus-a-randomized-clinical-trial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168578.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9280</span> Assessment of the Impact of the Application of Kinesiology Taping on Joint Position Sense in Knee Joint</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20S%C5%82upik">Anna Słupik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patryk%20W%C4%85sowski"> Patryk Wąsowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Mosio%C5%82ek"> Anna Mosiołek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dariusz%20Bia%C5%82oszewski"> Dariusz Białoszewski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Kinesiology Taping is one of the most popular techniques used for treatment and supporting physiological processes in sports medicine and physiotherapy. Often it is used to sensorimotor skills of lower limbs by athletes. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the application of muscle Kinesiology Taping to feel the position setting in motion the joint active. Material and methods: The study involved 50 healthy people between 18 and 30 years of age, 30 men and 20 women (mean age 23.24 years). The participants were divided into two groups. The study group was qualified for Kinesiology Taping application (muscle application, type Y, for quadriceps femoris muscle), while the remaining people used the application made of plaster (placebo group). Testing was performed prior to applying taping, with the applied application (after 30 minutes), then 24 hours after wearing, and after removing the tape. Each evaluated joint position sense - Error of Active Reproduction of Joint Position. Results: The survey revealed no significant differences in measurement between the study group and the placebo group (p> 0.05). No significant differences in time taking into account all four measurements in the group with the applied CT application, which was supported by pairs (p> 0.05). Also in the placebo group showed no significant differences over time (p> 0.05). There was no significant difference between the errors committed in the direction of flexion and extension. Conclusions: 1. Application muscle Kinesiology Taping had no significant effect on the knee joint proprioception. Its use in order to improve sensorimotor seems therefore unjustified. 2. There are no differences between applications Kinesiology Taping and placebo indicates that the clinical effect of stretch tape is minimal or absent. 3. The results are the basis for the continuation of prospective, randomized trials of numerous and study group. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20position%20sense" title="joint position sense">joint position sense</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinesiology%20taping" title=" kinesiology taping"> kinesiology taping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee%20joint" title=" knee joint"> knee joint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proprioception" title=" proprioception"> proprioception</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48228/assessment-of-the-impact-of-the-application-of-kinesiology-taping-on-joint-position-sense-in-knee-joint" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48228.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9279</span> Automating Test Activities: Test Cases Creation, Test Execution, and Test Reporting with Multiple Test Automation Tools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Loke%20Mun%20Sei">Loke Mun Sei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Software testing has become a mandatory process in assuring the software product quality. Hence, test management is needed in order to manage the test activities conducted in the software test life cycle. This paper discusses on the challenges faced in the software test life cycle, and how the test processes and test activities, mainly on test cases creation, test execution, and test reporting is being managed and automated using several test automation tools, i.e. Jira, Robot Framework, and Jenkins. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20automation%20tools" title="test automation tools">test automation tools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20case" title=" test case"> test case</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20execution" title=" test execution"> test execution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20reporting" title=" test reporting"> test reporting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31605/automating-test-activities-test-cases-creation-test-execution-and-test-reporting-with-multiple-test-automation-tools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31605.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">583</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9278</span> Homoeopathy with Integrative Approach in the World of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mansi%20Chinchanikar">Mansi Chinchanikar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Homoeopathy is the second most widely used medical system in the world, yet the homoeopaths of India and around the world are sick of reading or hearing about how homoeopathy is only a placebo effect and cannot cure or even manage any disease. However, individuals making such unfounded claims should explain to the group how a homoeopathic placebo, particularly one for a neurodevelopmental disease like Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), can be effective in children, with studies to back it up their skeptics. This literary review work exhibits how homoeopathy with a multimodal approach may show a considerable proportion of ADHD patients in India and throughout the world successfully manageable and treatable according to growing study evidence, ruling out the hazardous conventional medicines. Indeed, homeopathy can help cure ADHD symptoms either on its own or in combination with other types of integrative systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ADHD" title="ADHD">ADHD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adult%20ADHD" title=" adult ADHD"> adult ADHD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homoeopathy" title=" homoeopathy"> homoeopathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrative%20approach" title=" integrative approach"> integrative approach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159588/homoeopathy-with-integrative-approach-in-the-world-of-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9277</span> Evaluation of the Effect of Intravenous Dexamethasone on Hemodynamic Variables and Hypotension in Female Undergoing Cesarean Section With Spinal Anesthesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shekoufeh%20Behdad">Shekoufeh Behdad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahar%20Yadegari"> Sahar Yadegari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Ghehrazad"> Alireza Ghehrazad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amirhossein%20Yadegari"> Amirhossein Yadegari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: In this study, we compared the effect of intravenous dexamethasone with placebo on hemodynamic variables and hypotension in patients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Materials and methods: This double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted with the approval of the university ethics committee. Written informed consent was obtained from all participating patients. Before spinal anesthesia, patients were randomly assigned to receive either dexamethasone (8 mg IV) or placebo (normal saline). Hemodynamic variables, including systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures, as well as heart rate, were measured before drug administration and every 3 minutes until the birth of the neonate and then every 5 minutes until the end of surgery. Side effects such as hypotension, bradycardia, nausea, and vomiting were assessed and recorded for all the patients. Results: There were no significant differences in mean systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures before and after administration of the studied drugs in both groups (P.Value>0.05), but heart rate and the incidence of hypotension in the dexamethasone group were less than placebo significantly. Conclusions: Intravenous administration of 8 mg dexamethasone before spinal anesthesia in females undergoing cesarean section can reduce the incidence of post-spinal hypotension without causing serious side effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cesarean%20section" title="cesarean section">cesarean section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypotension" title=" hypotension"> hypotension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spinal%20anesthesia" title=" spinal anesthesia"> spinal anesthesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dexamethasone" title=" dexamethasone"> dexamethasone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176309/evaluation-of-the-effect-of-intravenous-dexamethasone-on-hemodynamic-variables-and-hypotension-in-female-undergoing-cesarean-section-with-spinal-anesthesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176309.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9276</span> L-Carnitine Supplementation and Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Nakhostin-Roohi">B. Nakhostin-Roohi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Khoshkhahesh"> F. Khoshkhahesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KH.%20Parandak"> KH. Parandak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Ramazanzadeh"> R. Ramazanzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The protective effect of antioxidants in diminishing the post-exercise rise of serum CK and LDH in individuals trained for competitive sports has come to light in recent years. This study was conducted to assess the effect of Two-week L-carnitine supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage, as well as antioxidant capacity after a bout of strenuous exercise in active healthy young men. Methodology: Twenty active healthy men volunteered for this study. Participants were randomized in a double-blind placebo-controlled fashion into two groups: L-carnitine (C group; n = 10) and placebo group (P group; n = 10). The participants took supplementation (2000 mg L-carnitine) or placebo (2000 mg lactose) daily for 2weeks before the main trial. Then, participants ran 14 km. Blood samples were taken before supplementation, before exercise, immediately, 2h and 24h after exercise. Creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured. Results: Serum CK and LDH significantly increased after exercise in both groups (p < 0.05). Serum LDH was significantly lower in C group than P group 2h and 24h after exercise (p < 0.05). Furthermore, CK was significantly lower in C group compared with P group just 24h after exercise (p < 0.05). Plasma TAC increased significantly 14 days after supplementation and 24h after exercise in C group compared with P group (p < 0.05). Discussion and conclusion: These results suggest two-week daily oral supplementation of L-carnitine has been able to promote antioxidant capacity before and after exercise and decrease muscle damage markers through possibly inhibition of exercise-induced oxidative stress. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L-carnitine" title="L-carnitine">L-carnitine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscle%20damage" title=" muscle damage"> muscle damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creatine%20kinase" title=" creatine kinase"> creatine kinase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lactate%20dehydrogenase" title=" Lactate dehydrogenase"> Lactate dehydrogenase</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30003/l-carnitine-supplementation-and-exercise-induced-muscle-damage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30003.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">441</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9275</span> Rosuvastatin Improves Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashit%20Syngle">Ashit Syngle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Garg"> Nidhi Garg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawan%20Krishan"> Pawan Krishan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) are depleted and contribute to increased cardiovascular (CV) risk in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Statins exert a protective effect in CAD partly by promoting EPC mobilization. This vasculoprotective effect of statin has not yet been investigated in RA. We aimed to investigate the effect of rosuvastatin on EPCs in RA. Methods: 50 RA patients were randomized to receive 6 months of treatment with rosuvastatin (10 mg/day, n=25) and placebo (n=25) as an adjunct to existing stable antirheumatic drugs. EPCs (CD34+/CD133+) were quantified by Flow Cytometry. Inflammatory measures included DAS28, CRP and ESR were measured at baseline and after treatment. Lipids and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1) were estimated at baseline and after treatment. Results: At baseline, inflammatory measures and pro-inflammatory cytokines were elevated and EPCs depleted among both groups. At baseline, EPCs inversely correlated with DAS28 and TNF-α in both groups. EPCs increased significantly (p < 0.01) after treatment with rosuvastatin but did not show significant change with placebo. Rosuvastatin exerted positive effect on lipid spectrum: lowering total cholesterol, LDL, non HDL and elevation of HDL as compared with placebo. At 6 months, DAS28, ESR, CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 improved significantly in rosuvastatin group. Significant negative correlation was observed between EPCs and DAS28, CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 after treatment with rosuvastatin. Conclusion: First study to show that rosuvastatin improves inflammation and EPC biology in RA possibly through its anti-inflammatory and lipid lowering effect. This beneficial effect of rosuvastatin may provide a novel strategy to prevent cardiovascular events in RA. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RA" title="RA">RA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Endothelial%20Progenitor%20Cells" title=" Endothelial Progenitor Cells"> Endothelial Progenitor Cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rosuvastatin" title=" rosuvastatin"> rosuvastatin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytokines" title=" cytokines "> cytokines </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17374/rosuvastatin-improves-endothelial-progenitor-cells-in-rheumatoid-arthritis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17374.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span 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