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What does this mean for our health?</a> </h2> <p class="c-hero__summary u-mt-0">Researchers are studying why the energy factories are moving between cells and whether the process can be harnessed to treat cancer and other diseases. </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> <section id="featured-content" class="u-mb-48" data-track-component="featured content"> <h2 class="u-visually-hidden">Featured Content</h2> <div class="u-container"> <ul class="app-featured-row"> <li class="app-featured-row__item"> <div class="u-full-height"> <div class="u-full-height" data-native-ad-placement="false"> <article class="u-full-height c-card c-card--flush" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"> <div class="c-card__layout u-full-height"> <div class="c-card__image"> <picture> <source type="image/webp" srcset=" https://media.springernature.com/w165h90/magazine-assets/d41586-025-01098-9/d41586-025-01098-9_50843262.jpg?as=webp 160w, 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