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class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flyt til sidebjælken</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Indledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Beskrivelse_af_afstandskvadratloven_-_formlen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beskrivelse_af_afstandskvadratloven_-_formlen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Beskrivelse af afstandskvadratloven - formlen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beskrivelse_af_afstandskvadratloven_-_formlen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Loven_kan_beskrives_ud_fra_3_antagelser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Loven_kan_beskrives_ud_fra_3_antagelser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Loven kan beskrives ud fra 3 antagelser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Loven_kan_beskrives_ud_fra_3_antagelser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beskrivelsen_af_loven" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beskrivelsen_af_loven"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Beskrivelsen af loven</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beskrivelsen_af_loven-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beskrivelse_af_effektformlen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beskrivelse_af_effektformlen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Beskrivelse af effektformlen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beskrivelse_af_effektformlen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Matematisk_forståelse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Matematisk_forståelse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Matematisk forståelse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Matematisk_forståelse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Absorption_af_radioaktiv_stråling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Absorption_af_radioaktiv_stråling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Absorption af radioaktiv stråling</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Absorption_af_radioaktiv_stråling-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underafsnit Absorption af radioaktiv stråling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Absorption_af_radioaktiv_stråling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Definition_af_de_tre_almindeligste_radioaktive_strålinger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definition_af_de_tre_almindeligste_radioaktive_strålinger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Definition af de tre almindeligste radioaktive strålinger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definition_af_de_tre_almindeligste_radioaktive_strålinger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bestem_intensiteten_efter_absorption_af_gammastråling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bestem_intensiteten_efter_absorption_af_gammastråling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bestem intensiteten efter absorption af gammastråling </span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bestem_intensiteten_efter_absorption_af_gammastråling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksempler_som_opfylder_afstandskvadratloven" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksempler_som_opfylder_afstandskvadratloven"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Eksempler som opfylder afstandskvadratloven</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksempler_som_opfylder_afstandskvadratloven-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksempler_som_ikke_opfylder_afstandskvadratloven" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksempler_som_ikke_opfylder_afstandskvadratloven"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Eksempler som ikke opfylder afstandskvadratloven</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksempler_som_ikke_opfylder_afstandskvadratloven-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_også" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_også"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Se også</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_også-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kilder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kilder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Kilder</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kilder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Afstandskvadratloven</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikel på et andet sprog. Tilgængelig på 31 sprog" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 sprog</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%8A" title="قانون التربيع العكسي – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قانون التربيع العكسي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Закон адваротных квадратаў – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Закон адваротных квадратаў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llei_de_l%27invers_del_quadrat" title="Llei de l'invers del quadrat – catalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llei de l'invers del quadrat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1kon_p%C5%99evr%C3%A1cen%C3%BDch_%C4%8Dtverc%C5%AF" title="Zákon převrácených čtverců – tjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zákon převrácených čtverců" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstandsgesetz" title="Abstandsgesetz – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Abstandsgesetz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse-square_law" title="Inverse-square law – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Inverse-square law" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inversa-kvadrata_le%C4%9Do" title="Inversa-kvadrata leĝo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Inversa-kvadrata leĝo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ley_de_la_inversa_del_cuadrado" title="Ley de la inversa del cuadrado – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ley de la inversa del cuadrado" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B9_%D9%85%D8%B9%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3" title="قانون مربع معکوس – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قانون مربع معکوس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4%C3%A4nteisen_neli%C3%B6n_laki" title="Käänteisen neliön laki – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Käänteisen neliön laki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loi_en_carr%C3%A9_inverse" title="Loi en carré inverse – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Loi en carré inverse" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dl%C3%AD_an_chearnfhaid_inbh%C3%A9artaigh" title="Dlí an chearnfhaid inbhéartaigh – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Dlí an chearnfhaid inbhéartaigh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="व्युत्क्रम वर्ग नियम – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="व्युत्क्रम वर्ग नियम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverz_n%C3%A9gyzetes_t%C3%B6rv%C3%A9ny" title="Inverz négyzetes törvény – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Inverz négyzetes törvény" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hukum_kuadrat_terbalik" title="Hukum kuadrat terbalik – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hukum kuadrat terbalik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legge_dell%27inverso_del_quadrato" title="Legge dell'inverso del quadrato – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Legge dell'inverso del quadrato" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%80%862%E4%B9%97%E3%81%AE%E6%B3%95%E5%89%87" title="逆2乗の法則 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="逆2乗の法則" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%AD%EC%A0%9C%EA%B3%B1_%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="역제곱 법칙 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="역제곱 법칙" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lex_quadratica_inversa" title="Lex quadratica inversa – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lex quadratica inversa" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hukum_kuasa_dua_songsang" title="Hukum kuasa dua songsang – malajisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hukum kuasa dua songsang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omgekeerde_kwadratenwet" title="Omgekeerde kwadratenwet – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Omgekeerde kwadratenwet" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invers-kvadratisk_lov" title="Invers-kvadratisk lov – bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Invers-kvadratisk lov" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lei_do_Inverso_do_Quadrado" title="Lei do Inverso do Quadrado – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lei do Inverso do Quadrado" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Закон обратных квадратов – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Закон обратных квадратов" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse-square_law" title="Inverse-square law – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Inverse-square law" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inversa_kvadratlagen" title="Inversa kvadratlagen – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Inversa kvadratlagen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF" title="எதிர் இருமடி விதி – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எதிர் இருமடி விதி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ters_kare_yasas%C4%B1" title="Ters kare yasası – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ters kare yasası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Закон обернених квадратів – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Закон обернених квадратів" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh 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<div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopædi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="da" dir="ltr"><dl><dd><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/19px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/29px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/38px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></span></span> <i>Der er for få eller ingen <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser" title="Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser">kildehenvisninger</a> i denne artikel, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verificerbarhed" title="Wikipedia:Verificerbarhed">hvilket er et problem</a>. Du kan hjælpe ved at angive <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser#Typer_af_kilder" title="Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser">troværdige kilder</a> til de påstande, som fremføres i artiklen.</i></dd></dl> <p><b>Afstandskvadratloven</b> beskriver den <a href="/wiki/Matematik" title="Matematik">matematiske</a> sammenhæng mellem strålings<a href="/wiki/Intensitet_(fysik)" title="Intensitet (fysik)">intensitet</a> og afstanden til en given <a href="/wiki/Str%C3%A5ling" title="Stråling">strålingskilde</a>. </p><p>Hvis P betegner <a href="/wiki/Effekt" class="mw-disambig" title="Effekt">effekten</a> af en punktkilde, er strålingsintensiteten I et givent sted i afstanden r givet ved følgende: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I={\frac {\mathrm {P} _{kilde}}{\mathrm {4} \times \pi \times r^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>I</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">P</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>k</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>l</mi> <mi>d</mi> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mo>×</mo> <mi>π</mi> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I={\frac {\mathrm {P} _{kilde}}{\mathrm {4} \times \pi \times r^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/222411279de585abe093e31d117e882839e9e700" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:15.384ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle I={\frac {\mathrm {P} _{kilde}}{\mathrm {4} \times \pi \times r^{2}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Afstandskvadratloven finder ofte anvendelse indenfor <a href="/wiki/Fysik" title="Fysik">fysikken</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beskrivelse_af_afstandskvadratloven_-_formlen">Beskrivelse af afstandskvadratloven - formlen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigér afsnit: Beskrivelse af afstandskvadratloven - formlen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Beskrivelse af afstandskvadratloven - formlen"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Effekten af <a href="/w/index.php?title=Str%C3%A5lingskilde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strålingskilde (ikke skrevet endnu)">strålingskilden</a> afbildes som P<sub>kilde</sub>, som har enheden Watt. </p><p>Intensiteten måles i Watt pr. kvadratmeter (W/m<sup>2</sup>), samt fortæller hvor koncentreret strålingen er. </p><p>Loven bruger formlen for overfladen af en <a href="/wiki/Kugle" title="Kugle">kugle</a>, med enheden kvadratmeter m<sup>2</sup>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Inverse_square_law.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Inverse_square_law.svg/420px-Inverse_square_law.svg.png" decoding="async" width="420" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Inverse_square_law.svg/630px-Inverse_square_law.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Inverse_square_law.svg/840px-Inverse_square_law.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="320" /></a><figcaption>Linjerne repræsenterer <a href="/wiki/Flux" title="Flux">fluxen</a> som stråler fra kilden S (eng. <i>source</i>). Det totale antal af <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluxlinje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fluxlinje (ikke skrevet endnu)">fluxlinjer</a> afhænger af kildens intensitet og fluxlinjer(ner) er konstant ved stigende afstand. En større fluxlinjetæthed (linjer per arealenhed) betyder en større intensitet det givne sted. Fluxlinjetætheden er omvendt proportional med kvadratet på afstanden fra kilden, fordi overfladearealet af kuglen stiger med kvadratet af radius. Derfor er intensiteten omvendt proportional med kvadratet på afstanden fra kilden.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Loven_kan_beskrives_ud_fra_3_antagelser">Loven kan beskrives ud fra 3 antagelser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigér afsnit: Loven kan beskrives ud fra 3 antagelser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Loven kan beskrives ud fra 3 antagelser"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>(1)</b> Hvis en <a href="/wiki/Radioaktivitet" title="Radioaktivitet">radioaktiv</a> kilde befinder sig i centrum af en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kugleflade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kugleflade (ikke skrevet endnu)">kugleflade</a>, og strålingen ikke absorberes på sin vej fra den givne kilde til kuglefladen (dvs. et <a href="/wiki/Vakuum" title="Vakuum">vakuum</a>), vil effekten, hvor strålingen rammer denne overflade, være lig effekten af den udstrålede radioaktive kilde (P<sub>stråle</sub>=P<sub>kilde</sub>) </p><p><b>(2)</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Overfladearealet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Overfladearealet (ikke skrevet endnu)">Overfladearealet</a> af <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuglefladen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuglefladen (ikke skrevet endnu)">kuglefladen</a> er <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 4\cdot \pi \cdot r^{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>4</mn> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>π</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 4\cdot \pi \cdot r^{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/898ef0695498d1574135f50f4160aa08b46c25a0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:7.956ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 4\cdot \pi \cdot r^{2}}"></span>, hvor r er radius.  </p><p><b>(3) </b>Den radioaktive kilde udsender lige meget stråling i alle retninger, dvs. at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Intensiteten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intensiteten (ikke skrevet endnu)">intensiteten</a> er lige stor overalt på kuglefladen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beskrivelsen_af_loven">Beskrivelsen af loven</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigér afsnit: Beskrivelsen af loven" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Beskrivelsen af loven"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Afstandskvadratloven beskriver at intensiteten er afhængig af afstanden af kvadratet. Det betyder at hvis afstanden mellem strålingskilden og personen halveres, firdobles <a href="/w/index.php?title=Intensiteten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intensiteten (ikke skrevet endnu)">intensiteten</a>. Effekten af strålingskilden kan bestemmes ud fra formlen: </p><p>P<sub>kilde</sub> = A * E<sub>pr. henfald </sub> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beskrivelse_af_effektformlen">Beskrivelse af effektformlen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigér afsnit: Beskrivelse af effektformlen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Beskrivelse af effektformlen"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>P<sub>kilde </sub> beskriver den effekt, som den givne strålingskilde afgiver i form af <a href="/wiki/Watt" title="Watt">watt</a>. </p><p>A beskriver aktiviteten, som måles i <a href="/wiki/Bq" class="mw-redirect" title="Bq">Bq</a>, som står for 1 henfald pr. sekund </p><p>E<sub>pr. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henfald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henfald (ikke skrevet endnu)">henfald</a> </sub> beskriver den energi, der udstråles for hvert henfald. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Matematisk_forståelse"><span id="Matematisk_forst.C3.A5else"></span>Matematisk forståelse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigér afsnit: Matematisk forståelse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Matematisk forståelse"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hvis man ser afstandskvadratloven i forhold til brugen i matematik, vil man afbilde intensiteten som den omvendte <a href="/wiki/Proportionalitet" title="Proportionalitet">proportionalitet</a> af afstanden. Dvs. jo længere væk personen eller objektet er i forhold til strålingskilden, vil <a href="/w/index.php?title=Intensiteten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intensiteten (ikke skrevet endnu)">intensiteten</a> af kilden aftage med kvadratet. Dette kan afbildes med formlen: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mbox{Intensitet}}\ \propto \ {\frac {1}{{\mbox{afstand}}^{2}}}\,}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>Intensitet</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mtext> </mtext> <mo>∝</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>afstand</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mbox{Intensitet}}\ \propto \ {\frac {1}{{\mbox{afstand}}^{2}}}\,}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/39f193a2de01be5d989c24f5786e78111a2e8b7f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:23.746ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mbox{Intensitet}}\ \propto \ {\frac {1}{{\mbox{afstand}}^{2}}}\,}"></span> eller <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I(r)={\frac {I_{0}}{r^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>I</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I(r)={\frac {I_{0}}{r^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/38027a021281dc480f1609ed6f433c7b6aa62b49" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:10.067ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle I(r)={\frac {I_{0}}{r^{2}}}}"></span> </p><p>Det er muligt at påvise denne sammenhæng. Dette gøres ved at afbilde I(r) som funktion af r i et dobbelt <a href="/wiki/Logaritmisk" class="mw-redirect" title="Logaritmisk">logaritmisk</a> koordinatsystem. Derfor gælder følgende: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I(r)={\frac {I_{0}}{r^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>I</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I(r)={\frac {I_{0}}{r^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/38027a021281dc480f1609ed6f433c7b6aa62b49" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:10.067ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle I(r)={\frac {I_{0}}{r^{2}}}}"></span> medfør I(r) = <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I(r)=I_{0}\times r^{-2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>I</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I(r)=I_{0}\times r^{-2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/edc71a7fb8565d3e627e5b5cf53436c2dfcfbe22" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:15.427ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle I(r)=I_{0}\times r^{-2}}"></span> </p><p>medfør <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \log(I(r))=\log \left(I_{0}\times r^{-2}\right)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>log</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>log</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \log(I(r))=\log \left(I_{0}\times r^{-2}\right)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6a03665445c727fa596b804ff5d9db4a307d781d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:25.31ex; height:3.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \log(I(r))=\log \left(I_{0}\times r^{-2}\right)}"></span> </p><p>medfør <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \log(I(r))=\log \left(I_{0}\right)+\log \left(r^{-2}\right)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>log</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>log</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>log</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \log(I(r))=\log \left(I_{0}\right)+\log \left(r^{-2}\right)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0041cf7aab89d322ce616be894c87da08f9b2da2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:30.091ex; height:3.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \log(I(r))=\log \left(I_{0}\right)+\log \left(r^{-2}\right)}"></span> </p><p>medfør <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \log(I(r))=\log \left(I_{0}\right)-2\log \left(r\right)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>log</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>log</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>log</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \log(I(r))=\log \left(I_{0}\right)-2\log \left(r\right)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2f8466cd82769385d1b8020d8c80e7420f042ec3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:28.987ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \log(I(r))=\log \left(I_{0}\right)-2\log \left(r\right)}"></span> </p><p>Den sidste omskrivning beskriver at, når man afbilder <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \log(I(r))}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>log</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \log(I(r))}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8fbe9106079c06b9a8a864f31439655cf64829b8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:8.811ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \log(I(r))}"></span>som funktion af <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \log(r)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>log</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \log(r)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/cb5e19810b66bc4e2f556a3c4ca068354150eee6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:5.83ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \log(r)}"></span>, så bliver grafen en <a href="/wiki/Ret_linje" class="mw-redirect" title="Ret linje">ret linje</a>, hvor funktionen skær y-aksens i <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \log(I_{0})}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>log</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \log(I_{0})}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ceab3e22113e7e86301fae3aa6d262fe71768e0f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:6.858ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \log(I_{0})}"></span> og har en hældning på -2. </p><p>(<i>I<sub>0</sub> beskriver stadig effekten som den givne strålingskilde afgiver</i>) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Absorption_af_radioaktiv_stråling"><span id="Absorption_af_radioaktiv_str.C3.A5ling"></span>Absorption af radioaktiv stråling</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigér afsnit: Absorption af radioaktiv stråling" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Absorption af radioaktiv stråling"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Radioaktiv stråling kan blive bremset eller stoppet ved at forskellige materialer absorberer strålingen. Dette afhænger meget hvilken type stråling, man har med at gøre. Strålingen sættes også i forhold til afstandskvadratloven, da effekten af strålingen afhænger af afstanden mellem objektet og kilden. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Definition_af_de_tre_almindeligste_radioaktive_strålinger"><span id="Definition_af_de_tre_almindeligste_radioaktive_str.C3.A5linger"></span>Definition af de tre almindeligste radioaktive strålinger</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigér afsnit: Definition af de tre almindeligste radioaktive strålinger" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Definition af de tre almindeligste radioaktive strålinger"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Alfastråling </b> </p><p>Alfastråling består af en He (helium) 4-nuklider. Alfastråling er i høj grad mulig at bremse ved brug af luft-molekyler. Luftmolekylerne vil ionisere med alfapartikler og medføre at alfastrålingen kun har mulighed at nå en afstand på 3-5 cm. </p><p><b>Betastråling</b> </p><p>Betastråling (henfald af elektron & proton) når længere end alfastråling, da henfaldet er lettere end alfastrålingen (elektron og proton). Dog når den ikke meget længere end alfastrålingen, da beta-partikler også bliver bremset ned af luftpartikler, som bliver ioniseret sig med betastrålingen. </p><p><b>Gammastråling</b> </p><p>Gammastråling, som består af højenergetiske fotoner, bliver ikke bremset ned af luftpartikler, eftersom fotoner som regel afgiver al sin energi på en gang eller i meget få portioner. Gammastråling kan nemt passere igennem luft og de fleste stoffer uden at blive bremset. Gammastrålingen vil først blive absorberet og bremset af massive materialer, som har en høj densitet (bly). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bestem_intensiteten_efter_absorption_af_gammastråling"><span id="Bestem_intensiteten_efter_absorption_af_gammastr.C3.A5ling"></span>Bestem intensiteten efter absorption af gammastråling  </h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigér afsnit: Bestem intensiteten efter absorption af gammastråling " class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Bestem intensiteten efter absorption af gammastråling "><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Man kan beregne intensiteten efter absorption af gammastrålingen. Her afhænger energien både fra de foton strålinger fra det absorberende materiale, densitet, samt tykkelsen.  Intensiteten kan beregnes ud fra formlen: </p><p>I = I<sub>0</sub> * e<sup>- µ*x</sup> </p><p>Hvor </p><p>I = intensiteten er den stråling, som har passeret det absorberende materiale. Intensiteten måles i W/m<sup>2 </sup> </p><p>I<sub>0</sub> = intensiteten af det samme sted men et absorberende materiale. Intensitet måles i W/m<sup>2</sup> </p><p>µ = <a href="/wiki/Absorptionskoefficient" title="Absorptionskoefficient">absorptionskoefficienten</a>, som måles i SI- enheden m<sup>-1</sup>. </p><p>x = tykkelsen af det absorberende materiale </p><p>Absorptionskoefficienten (µ)  er defineret som SI-enheden m<sup>-1</sup>. Denne størrelse afhænger både af det absorberende materiale og af energien af de udsendte gamma-fotoner. Absorptionskoefficienter bliver derfor typisk angivet i grafer for udvalgte grundstoffer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksempler_som_opfylder_afstandskvadratloven">Eksempler som opfylder afstandskvadratloven</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Redigér afsnit: Eksempler som opfylder afstandskvadratloven" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Eksempler som opfylder afstandskvadratloven"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Solens <a href="/wiki/Solstr%C3%A5ling" class="mw-redirect" title="Solstråling">solstrålings</a> intensitet falder med kvadratet på afstanden fra solen. I <a href="/wiki/Jorden" title="Jorden">jordens</a> afstand fra <a href="/wiki/Solen" title="Solen">solen</a> er intensiteten ca. 1367 W/m² og kaldes "<a href="/wiki/Solarkonstanten" class="mw-redirect" title="Solarkonstanten">solarkonstanten</a>". I 2 gange afstanden fra solen vil intensiteten være ca. 1367/(2^2) W/m². I princippet er det forkert at skrive "/m²" når anvendt med afstandskvadratloven, da man egentlig mener krumme arealer på en kugles overfladeudsnit (<a href="/wiki/Steradian" title="Steradian">steradian</a> <sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser" title="Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser"><span title="Dette udsagn mangler reference til pålidelige kilder. (siden Uge 1, 2014)">kilde mangler</span></a></i>]</sup>) - og ikke et <a href="/wiki/Areal" title="Areal">plant areal</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser" title="Laser">Laserlys</a> opfylder også afstandskvadratloven.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gammastr%C3%A5ling" title="Gammastråling">Gammastråling</a></li> <li>Røntgenstråling og radioaktive isotoper. Hvis afstanden fra strålingskilden til et punkt er 1 meter, og derefter øges til det dobbelte - altså til 2 meter, vil der være 4 gange mindre stråling 2 meter fra strålingskilden, end fra udgangspunktet på 1 meter.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksempler_som_ikke_opfylder_afstandskvadratloven">Eksempler som ikke opfylder afstandskvadratloven</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Redigér afsnit: Eksempler som ikke opfylder afstandskvadratloven" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Eksempler som ikke opfylder afstandskvadratloven"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Strålings partikelen som f.eks. en <a href="/wiki/Foton" title="Foton">foton</a> og en <a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektron</a>, da effekten ikke bliver større eller formindsket med afstanden.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_også"><span id="Se_ogs.C3.A5"></span>Se også</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Redigér afsnit: Se også" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Se også"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steradian" title="Steradian">Steradian</a> (sr)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candela" title="Candela">Candela</a> (subjektiv øje W/sr) øjesubjektiv lysmål</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumen" title="Lumen">Lumen</a> øjesubjektiv lysmål</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lux" title="Lux">Lux</a> (Lumen/m²) øjesubjektiv lysmål</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kilder">Kilder</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Redigér afsnit: Kilder" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Kilder"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/19px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/29px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/38px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></span></span> <i>Der er for få eller ingen <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser" title="Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser">kildehenvisninger</a> i denne artikel, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verificerbarhed" title="Wikipedia:Verificerbarhed">hvilket er et problem</a>. Du kan hjælpe ved at angive <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser#Typer_af_kilder" title="Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser">troværdige kilder</a> til de påstande, som fremføres i artiklen.</i></dd></dl>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hentet fra "<a dir="ltr" href="https://da.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&oldid=11338886">https://da.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Afstandskvadratloven&oldid=11338886</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Speciel:Kategorier" title="Speciel:Kategorier">Kategorier</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Fysik" title="Kategori:Fysik">Fysik</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Str%C3%A5ling" title="Kategori:Stråling">Stråling</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Skjulte kategorier: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kilder_mangler_(samlet_liste)" title="Kategori:Kilder mangler (samlet liste)">Kilder mangler (samlet liste)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kilder_mangler_siden_december_2021" title="Kategori:Kilder mangler siden december 2021">Kilder mangler siden december 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kilder_mangler_siden_Uge_1,_2014" title="Kategori:Kilder mangler siden Uge 1, 2014">Kilder mangler siden Uge 1, 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kilder_mangler_siden_november_2022" title="Kategori:Kilder mangler siden november 2022">Kilder mangler siden november 2022</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Denne side blev senest ændret den 24. november 2022 kl. 23:50.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst er tilgængelig under <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.da">Creative Commons Navngivelse/Del på samme vilkår 4.0</a>; yderligere betingelser kan være gældende. 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