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It is important to note that the IPA symbols used for vowels are conventionally used in French dictionaries, but are based on the pronunciation of Parisian French from more than 100 years ago and no longer accurately represent current pronunciation for Parisian French. See the footnotes for more details. English approximations are in some cases very approximate, and only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. See <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_phonology" class="extiw" title="w:French phonology">French phonology</a> for a more thorough look at the sounds. In particular, English vowels are often diphthongs, while the French vowels are not. French has no word-level <a href="/wiki/stress" title="stress">stress</a>, so stress marks are not used in transcribing French words. See <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_phonology#Stress" class="extiw" title="w:French phonology">here</a> for explanation. <table style="background:none;"> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top"> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/consonant" title="consonant">Consonants</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>  IPA  </th> <th>Examples</th> <th>English approximation </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiced_bilabial_plosive" class="extiw" title="w:voiced bilabial plosive">b</a> </td> <td align="left">beau </td> <td align="left">beau </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiced_alveolar_plosive" class="extiw" title="w:voiced alveolar plosive">d</a> </td> <td align="left">doux </td> <td align="left">do </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiceless_labiodental_fricative" class="extiw" title="w:voiceless labiodental fricative">f</a> </td> <td align="left">fête; pharmacie </td> <td align="left">festival </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiced_velar_plosive" class="extiw" title="w:voiced velar plosive">ɡ</a> </td> <td align="left">gain; guerre </td> <td align="left">gain </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiceless_velar_plosive" class="extiw" title="w:voiceless velar plosive">k</a> </td> <td align="left">cabas; archaïque; aquarelle; kelvin </td> <td align="left">sky </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/alveolar_lateral_approximant" class="extiw" title="w:alveolar lateral approximant">l</a> </td> <td align="left">loup<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> </td> <td align="left">loop </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/bilabial_nasal" class="extiw" title="w:bilabial nasal">m</a> </td> <td align="left">mou; femme </td> <td align="left">moo </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/alveolar_nasal" class="extiw" title="w:alveolar nasal">n</a> </td> <td align="left">nous; bonne </td> <td align="left">no </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/palatal_nasal" class="extiw" title="w:palatal nasal">ɲ</a> </td> <td align="left">agneaux<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> </td> <td align="left">roughly like canyon; Portuguese nh </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiceless_bilabial_plosive" class="extiw" title="w:voiceless bilabial plosive">p</a> </td> <td align="left">passé </td> <td align="left">spy </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiced_uvular_fricative" class="extiw" title="w:voiced uvular fricative">ʁ</a> </td> <td align="left">roue; rhume<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/voiced" title="voiced">voiced</a> counterpart of loch (Scottish English) or voiceless before and after voiceless consonants ; Portuguese rr </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiceless_alveolar_fricative" class="extiw" title="w:voiceless alveolar fricative">s</a> </td> <td align="left">sa; hausse; ce; garçon; option; scie </td> <td align="left">sir </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiceless_postalveolar_fricative" class="extiw" title="w:voiceless postalveolar fricative">ʃ</a> </td> <td align="left">chou; schème; shampooing </td> <td align="left">shoe </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiceless_alveolar_plosive" class="extiw" title="w:voiceless alveolar plosive">t</a> </td> <td align="left">tout; thé </td> <td align="left">sty </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiced_labiodental_fricative" class="extiw" title="w:voiced labiodental fricative">v</a> </td> <td align="left">vous; wagon </td> <td align="left">view </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiced_alveolar_fricative" class="extiw" title="w:voiced alveolar fricative">z</a> </td> <td align="left">hasard; zéro </td> <td align="left">zeal </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiced_postalveolar_fricative" class="extiw" title="w:voiced postalveolar fricative">ʒ</a> </td> <td align="left">joue; geai </td> <td align="left">measure </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Non-native consonants </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/velar_nasal" class="extiw" title="w:velar nasal">ŋ</a> </td> <td align="left">camping<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> </td> <td align="left">camping </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiceless_velar_fricative" class="extiw" title="w:voiceless velar fricative">x</a> </td> <td align="left">jota; khamsin<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> </td> <td align="left">loch (Scottish English) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/semivowel" class="extiw" title="w:semivowel">Semivowels</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/palatal_approximant" class="extiw" title="w:palatal approximant">j</a> </td> <td align="left">fief; payer; fille; travail </td> <td align="left">yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiced_labio-velar_approximant" class="extiw" title="w:voiced labio-velar approximant">w</a> </td> <td align="left">oui; loi; moyen; web </td> <td align="left">we </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/labial-palatal_approximant" class="extiw" title="w:labial-palatal approximant">ɥ</a> </td> <td align="left">huit </td> <td align="left">between yet and wet </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td valign="top"> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em 2em; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/vowel" title="vowel">Vowels</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>  IPA  </th> <th>Actual modern Parisian</th> <th>Examples</th> <th>English approximation </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/open_front_unrounded_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:open front unrounded vowel">a</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/open_front_unrounded_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:open front unrounded vowel">a</a> </td> <td align="left">patte </td> <td align="left">roughly like pat </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/open_back_unrounded_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:open back unrounded vowel">ɑ</a> </td> <td align="left">pâte; glas<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> </td> <td align="left">roughly like pat (or like bra in conservative accents and Quebec French) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:close-mid front unrounded vowel">e</a> </td> <td align="left">clé; les; chez; aller; pied </td> <td align="left">pay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:open-mid front unrounded vowel">ɛ</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:open-mid front unrounded vowel">ɛ</a> </td> <td align="left">mère; est; abdomen; faite </td> <td align="left">best </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:open-mid front unrounded vowel">ɛː</a> </td> <td align="left">fête; maître; reine; scène; caisse; reître<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> </td> <td align="left">says </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/close_front_unrounded_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:close front unrounded vowel">i</a> </td> <td align="left">si; île; y </td> <td align="left">bee </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/mid_central_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:mid central vowel">ə</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/close-mid_front_rounded_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:close-mid front rounded vowel">ø</a> </td> <td align="left">le; reposer<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> </td> <td align="left">again (often <a href="/wiki/elision" title="elision">elided</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/close-mid_front_rounded_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:close-mid front rounded vowel">ø</a> </td> <td align="left">ceux; jeûne </td> <td align="left">roughly like bird (British English) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/open-mid_front_rounded_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:open-mid front rounded vowel">œ</a> </td> <td align="left">sœur; jeune </td> <td align="left">bird (British English) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/close-mid_back_rounded_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:close-mid back rounded vowel">o</a> </td> <td align="left">sot; hôtel; haut; bureau </td> <td align="left">roughly like law (British English) or note (American English) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/open-mid_back_rounded_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:open-mid back rounded vowel">ɔ</a> </td> <td align="left">sort; minimum </td> <td align="left">similar to not (British English) or caught (American English)<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/close_back_rounded_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:close back rounded vowel">u</a> </td> <td align="left">coup </td> <td align="left">too </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/close_front_rounded_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:close front rounded vowel">y</a> </td> <td align="left">tu; sûr </td> <td align="left">roughly like too in Australian English </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasal_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:Nasal vowel">Nasal</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nasal_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:nasal vowel">ɑ̃</a></td> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nasal_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:nasal vowel">ɒ̃</a> </td> <td align="left">sans; champ; vent; temps; Jean; taon<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> </td> <td align="left">roughly like want (British English) or haunt (American English) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nasal_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:nasal vowel">ɛ̃</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nasal_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:nasal vowel">æ̃</a> </td> <td align="left">vin; impair; pain; daim; plein; Reims; bien<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> </td> <td align="left">roughly like pant </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nasal_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:nasal vowel">œ̃</a> </td> <td align="left">un; parfum<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> </td> <td align="left">roughly like pant (or, in conservative accents or Quebec French, roughly like burnt but without pronouncing the r). </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nasal_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:nasal vowel">ɔ̃</a></td> <td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nasal_vowel" class="extiw" title="w:nasal vowel">õ</a> </td> <td align="left">son; nom<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> </td> <td align="left">roughly like don't (American English) or haunt (British English) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" style="border-left: #fff solid 1px; border-right: #fff solid 1px">  </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/suprasegmental" title="suprasegmental">Suprasegmentals</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">IPA </th> <th>Example</th> <th>Explanation </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/stress_(linguistics)" class="extiw" title="w:stress (linguistics)">ˈ</a> </td> <td align="left">moyen /mwaˈjɛ̃/<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> </td> <td align="left">phrasal stress </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">. </td> <td align="left">pays /pe.i/<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> </td> <td align="left">syllable boundary </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">‿ </td> <td align="left">les agneaux /lez‿aˈɲo/ </td> <td align="left"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liaison_(French)" class="extiw" title="w:Liaison (French)">liaison</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Appendix:French_pronunciation&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"> ^ </a> The French /l/ is clear, similar to the pronunciation in Spanish and German but unlike the dark /l/ of American English. </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"> ^ </a> In Parisian French, /ɲ/ is often pronounced [nj]. </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"> ^ </a> The French rhotic varies from region to region, but is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guttural_R#French" class="extiw" title="w:Guttural R">usually uvular</a>. The more common pronunciations include a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/voiced_uvular_fricative" class="extiw" title="w:voiced uvular fricative">voiced uvular fricative</a> [ʁ], a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/uvular_trill" class="extiw" title="w:uvular trill">uvular trill</a> [ʀ], and [χ] (after voiceless consonants). </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"> ^ </a> In Parisian French, /ŋ/ is often pronounced [ŋɡ]. </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"> ^ </a> /x/ may be replaced by /ʁ/. </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"> ^ </a> In Parisian French, /ɑ/ is normally replaced by /a/. </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7"> ^ </a> In Parisian French, /ɛː/ is normally replaced by /ɛ/. In Quebec French, /ɛː/ is often pronounced [aɛ̯]. </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"> ^ </a> In French, /ə/ is pronounced with some lip rounding [ɵ̞]; for a number of speakers, it is also more front and may even be phonetically identical to the vowel of neuf [nœf]. In Parisian French, [ə] is rounded and fronted, making it phonetically similar to [ø]. </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"> ^ </a> In Parisian French at least, /ɔ/ is partly unrounded, leading it to have somewhat of the quality of nut. </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10"> ^ </a> In Parisian French, /ɑ̃/ is actually pronounced [ɒ̃], with rounding. In Quebec French, /ɑ̃/ is pronounced [ã]. </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11"> ^ </a> In Parisian French, /ɛ̃/ is actually pronounced [æ̃]. In Quebec French, /ɛ̃/ is pronounced [ẽ]. </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12"> ^ </a> In Parisian French, /œ̃/ is normally replaced by /ɛ̃/, pronounced [æ̃]. </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13"> ^ </a> In Parisian French, /ɔ̃/ is actually pronounced [õ]. </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14"> ^ </a> Stress falls on the last full syllable of a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/prosodic_unit" class="extiw" title="w:prosodic unit">phrase</a>, except in emphatic speech. </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15"> ^ </a> Used sparingly. </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16"> ^ </a> Latent final consonant is pronounced before a following vowel sound. </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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