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German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Phosmet" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosmet" title="Phosmet – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Phosmet" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosmet" title="Fosmet – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fosmet" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosmet" title="Phosmet – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Phosmet" data-language-autonym="Italiano" 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class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button 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#a2a9b1;width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td+td{width:60%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-chembox figure:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent){background:var(--background-color-inverted,#f8f9fa)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-chembox figure:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent){background:var(--background-color-inverted,#f8f9fa)}}</style> <table class="infobox ib-chembox"> <caption>Phosmet<sup id="cite_ref-safety_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-safety-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; padding:2px;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phosmet.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Skeletal formula" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Phosmet.png/250px-Phosmet.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Phosmet.png/330px-Phosmet.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Phosmet.png/500px-Phosmet.png 2x" data-file-width="873" data-file-height="533" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; padding:2px;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phosmet-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ball-and-stick model" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Phosmet-3D-balls.png/250px-Phosmet-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Phosmet-3D-balls.png/330px-Phosmet-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Phosmet-3D-balls.png/500px-Phosmet-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1052" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba;color:inherit; text-align: center;">Names </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Preferred_IUPAC_name" title="Preferred IUPAC name">Preferred IUPAC name</a> <div style="max-width:22em; word-wrap:break-word; padding-left:1.7em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; max-width:22em;"><i>S</i>-[(1,3-Dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2<i>H</i>-isoindol-2-yl)methyl] <i>O</i>,<i>O</i>-dimethyl phosphorothioate</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;">Other names <div style="max-width:22em; word-wrap:break-word; padding-left:1.7em;">Fosmet<br />Decemthion<br />Imidathion<br />Imidan<br />Phthalophos</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba;color:inherit; text-align: center;">Identifiers </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/CAS_Registry_Number" title="CAS Registry Number">CAS Number</a></div> </td> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="commonchemistry.cas.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=732-11-6">732-11-6</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">3D model (<a href="/wiki/JSmol" class="mw-redirect" title="JSmol">JSmol</a>)</div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="chemapps.stolaf.edu (3D interactive model)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/jmol.php?model=O%3DC2c1ccccc1C%28%3DO%29N2CSP%28%3DS%29%28OC%29OC">Interactive image</a></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChEBI" title="ChEBI">ChEBI</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=38786">CHEBI:38786</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.chemspider.com"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.12367.html">12367</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ECHA_InfoCard" class="mw-redirect" title="ECHA InfoCard"><span title="echa.europa.eu">ECHA InfoCard</span></a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.010.899">100.010.899</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421379#P2566" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/KEGG" title="KEGG">KEGG</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.kegg.jp"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kegg.jp/entry/C18756">C18756</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a> <abbr title="Compound ID">CID</abbr></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/12901">12901</a></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unique_Ingredient_Identifier" title="Unique Ingredient Identifier">UNII</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="precision.fda.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://precision.fda.gov/uniisearch/srs/unii/VN04LI540Y">VN04LI540Y</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/CompTox_Chemicals_Dashboard" title="CompTox Chemicals Dashboard">CompTox Dashboard</a> <span style="font-weight:normal">(<abbr title="U.S. Environmental Protection Agency">EPA</abbr>)</span></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="comptox.epa.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID5024261">DTXSID5024261</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421379#P3117" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; text-align:left; font-weight:normal;"><div><a href="/wiki/International_Chemical_Identifier" title="International Chemical Identifier">InChI</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.5em; text-align:left;"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">InChI=1S/C11H12NO4PS2/c1-15-17(18,16-2)19-7-12-10(13)8-5-3-4-6-9(8)11(12)14/h3-6H,7H2,1-2H3<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></div><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">Key: LMNZTLDVJIUSHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></div></div></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.5em; text-align:left;"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">InChI=1/C11H12NO4PS2/c1-15-17(18,16-2)19-7-12-10(13)8-5-3-4-6-9(8)11(12)14/h3-6H,7H2,1-2H3</div><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">Key: LMNZTLDVJIUSHT-UHFFFAOYAV</div></div></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; text-align:left; font-weight:normal;"><div><a href="/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Simplified molecular-input line-entry system">SMILES</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.6em; word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">O=C2c1ccccc1C(=O)N2CSP(=S)(OC)OC</div></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba;color:inherit; text-align: center;">Properties </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Chemical_formula" title="Chemical formula">Chemical formula</a></div> </td> <td><span title="Carbon">C</span><sub>11</sub><span title="Hydrogen">H</span><sub>12</sub><span title="Nitrogen">N</span><span title="Oxygen">O</span><sub>4</sub><span title="Phosphorus">P</span><span title="Sulfur">S</span><sub>2</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Molar_mass" title="Molar mass">Molar mass</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002317310000000000♠"></span>317.31</span> g·mol<sup>−1</sup>   </td></tr> <tr> <td>Appearance </td> <td>White to off-white crystals </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Density" title="Density">Density</a> </td> <td>1.03 g/cm<sup>3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Melting_point" title="Melting point">Melting point</a> </td> <td>72 °C (162 °F; 345 K) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Boiling_point" title="Boiling point">Boiling point</a> </td> <td>Decomposes at >100 °C </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba;color:inherit; text-align: center;">Pharmacology </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_Therapeutic_Chemical_Classification_System#ATCvet" title="Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System">ATCvet code</a></div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/ATC_code_P53" class="mw-redirect" title="ATC code P53">QP53AF06</a> (<span title="www.whocc.no/atcvet"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whocc.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QP53AF06">WHO</a></span>) <a href="/wiki/ATC_code_P53" class="mw-redirect" title="ATC code P53">QP53BB03</a> (<span title="www.whocc.no/atcvet"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whocc.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QP53BB03">WHO</a></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background:#f8eaba; color:inherit; border:1px solid #a2a9b1;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their <a href="/wiki/Standard_state" title="Standard state">standard state</a> (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).</div> <div style="margin-top: 0.3em;"><div style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/12px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/18px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/24px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ComparePages&rev1=464204835&page2=Phosmet">verify</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Chemicals/Chembox_validation" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation">what is</a> <sup><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup> ?) </div></div> <div style="margin-top: 0.3em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Chemical_infobox#References" title="Wikipedia:Chemical infobox">Infobox references</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chemical compound</div> <p><b>Phosmet</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Phthalimide" title="Phthalimide">phthalimide</a>-derived, non-systemic, <a href="/wiki/Organophosphate" title="Organophosphate">organophosphate</a> <a href="/wiki/Insecticide" title="Insecticide">insecticide</a> used on plants and animals. It is mainly used on apple trees for control of <a href="/wiki/Codling_moth" title="Codling moth">codling moth</a>, though it is also used on a wide range of fruit crops, ornamentals, and vines for the control of <a href="/wiki/Aphid" title="Aphid">aphids</a>, suckers,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (May 2021)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/wiki/Mite" title="Mite">mites</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Drosophilidae" title="Drosophilidae">fruit flies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Toxicology_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toxicology-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first registered use of phosmet was in the United States in 1966, where it was used on a variety of crops including <a href="/wiki/Fruit_tree" title="Fruit tree">fruit trees</a> (apple, pear, peach) and nut trees (almonds, walnuts) as a treatment for various <a href="/wiki/Pest_(organism)" title="Pest (organism)">pests</a> such as the codling moth, leafrollers, and others. It has also been registered for use on cattle, swine, and dogs for treatment of lice, fleas, and ticks. It can also be used domestically for trees, bushes, and shrubs by homeowners. Phosmet is being used all over the world.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure_and_reactivity">Structure and reactivity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Structure and reactivity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Phosmet is an organophosphate, consisting of a <a href="/wiki/Phthalimide" title="Phthalimide">phthalimide</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Dithiophosphate" class="mw-redirect" title="Dithiophosphate">dithiophosphate</a> ester, with two methyl groups. The structure is a benzene ring connected to an imide, which is connected to the dithiophosphate. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Synthesis">Synthesis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Synthesis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Phosmet is produced by reaction of <i>N</i>-chloromethylphthalimide with dimethyldithiophosphoric acid. The former, in turn, can be prepared by the reaction of phthalimide with formaldehyde and hydrogen chloride. Phosmet can also be obtained through the condensation of phthalimide with formaldehyde and conversion of the product to chloride which is reacted with sodium dimethylphosphorodithioate.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Phosmet_synthesis.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Phosmet_synthesis.svg/250px-Phosmet_synthesis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Phosmet_synthesis.svg/330px-Phosmet_synthesis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Phosmet_synthesis.svg/500px-Phosmet_synthesis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="974" data-file-height="726" /></a><figcaption>Phosmet synthesis</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mechanisms_of_action">Mechanisms of action</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Mechanisms of action"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As an organophosphate, phosmet competitively inhibits <a href="/wiki/Pseudocholinesterase" title="Pseudocholinesterase">pseudocholinesterase</a> and <a href="/wiki/Acetylcholinesterase" title="Acetylcholinesterase">acetylcholinesterase</a> (AChE), preventing hydrolysis and inactivation of acetylcholine. Its inhibitory effects on the AChE enzyme leads to a pathological excess of acetylcholine in the body.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Acetylcholine accumulates at nerve junctions, causing malfunction of the <a href="/wiki/Sympathetic_nervous_system" title="Sympathetic nervous system">sympathetic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parasympathetic_nervous_system" title="Parasympathetic nervous system">parasympathetic</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Peripheral_nervous_system" title="Peripheral nervous system">peripheral nervous</a> systems and some of the <a href="/wiki/Central_nervous_system" title="Central nervous system">central nervous system</a>. Clinical signs of cholinergic excess can develop.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mechanism of inhibition consists of phosmet blocking the active site of the enzyme that binds the ester portion of acetylcholine.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>If signs of cholinesterase inhibition are present, <a href="/wiki/Atropine" title="Atropine">atropine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pralidoxime" title="Pralidoxime">pralidoxime</a> are antidotal and may be coadministered.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biotransformation">Biotransformation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Biotransformation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Absorption">Absorption</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Absorption"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The absorption of phosmet in the body is rapid, based on live rat studies, with almost complete absorption (84.4%) within 24 hours of administering dose. At 0.5 hours after dosing, it was observed that the peak concentration of blood and plasma concentrations are observed. The elimination of phosmet takes place in two phases. The first phase corresponds with the distribution of the compound to tissues and has an observed half life of 0.2 to 6 hours. The second phase corresponds with the direct elimination of the compound and has a significantly longer half life of 41 to 1543 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distribution">Distribution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The distribution of the compound can be observed and analyzed at every dosage in a variety of tissues. The areas that display the highest level of activity can be found in the liver and the whole blood as this is where the major metabolic process takes place. The lowest level of activity for the compound can be observed in the bone and fat of the individual.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Excretion">Excretion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Excretion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The primary excretory pathway for phosmet is through the urine or feces, with greater than 70% of the compound being excreted through the former and about 4.5% to 9.9% being excreted in the latter; by 12 hours, more than 50% of the radioactivity can be seen to have been eliminated from an animal organism. There also seems to be a relationship between the dose given to an organism and the excretion of the compound as well the radioactivity; in live animal studies it is observed that at a higher dose, excretion of the compound is significantly slower than at lower doses. Inversely, there is a higher reported radioactivity with acute exposure rather than repeated exposure.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metabolism">Metabolism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Metabolism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the metabolism of phosmet, there are two major metabolites that are produced and excreted in the urine, <i>N</i>-(methylsulfinylmethyl)-phthalamic acid (U3) and <i>N</i>-methylsulfonylmethyl)-phthalamic acid (U6). The compound undergoes a series of various chemical reactions include thiophosphoryl hydrolysis, <i>S</i>-methylation, hydrolysis of the phtalamide ring to the respective phtalamide acid. The process ends with the sulfoxidation, via an FAD-containing monooxygenase, of the sulfur into either <a href="/wiki/Sulfoxide" title="Sulfoxide">sulfoxide</a> (U3) or <a href="/wiki/Sulfone" title="Sulfone">sulfone</a> (U6). In addition, analysis of both rat and cockroach faeces and urine in live animal studies showed that phosmet is metabolized in the liver, oxidizing the compound into phosmet-oxon. This is further validated through an <i>in vitro</i> study using rat liver microsomes, for which C-phosmet is incubated with said microsomes, and confirming metabolization of compound. The resulting compound to the metabolism along with U3 and U6 metabolites, is the Phosmet oxygen analogue Phosmet-oxon.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Side_effects">Side effects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Side effects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Organophosphorus insecticides are the most widely used and are most frequently involved in fatal human poisonings. They may be absorbed through the skin, and there have been accidental poisoning cases arising from such exposure. Accidental contamination of food with insecticides is also possible. </p><p>The adverse effect of phosmet are caused by the inhibition of cholinesterases. Acute poisoning leads to uncontrollable muscle movement. Which can in severe cases lead to convulsions, respiratory depression and possible death if left untreated.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An epidemiologic study on farmers which assessed their exposure from insecticides showed that farmers who applied phosmet to animals had measurable exposures, but the levels were lower than what had been seen in other pesticide applications. Inhalation exposures were insignificant when compared with dermal exposures, which came primarily from the hands. Clothing, particularly gloves, provided substantial protection from exposures.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The accumulation of acetylcholine leads to symptoms that mimic the muscarinic, nicotinic, and central nervous system actions of acetylcholine. </p><p>Muscarinic signs and symptoms are tightness of the chest, bronchoconstriction, <a href="/wiki/Bradycardia" title="Bradycardia">bradycardia</a>, and constriction of the pupils. Salivation, lacrimation, and sweating are all increased, and peristalsis is also increased, leading to nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. </p><p>Nicotinic symptoms result from the accumulation of acetylcholine at motor nerve endings in skeletal muscle and ganglia. Thus, there is fatigue, involuntary twitching, and muscular weakness, which may affect the muscles of respiration. </p><p>Accumulation of acetylcholine in the CNS leads to a variety of signs and symptoms, including tension, anxiety, ataxia, convulsions, restlessness, insomnia and coma.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Treatment">Treatment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Treatment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Poisoning by organophosphorus compounds can be treated and acute symptoms are able to be alleviated. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pralidoxime" title="Pralidoxime">Pralidoxime</a> can be administered to regenerate the acetylcholinesterase. It acts in place of the serine hydroxyl group in the enzyme and forming a complex with the organophosphorus moiety. It must be administered quickly after the poisoning. In addition, the physiological effects of the accumulation of acetylcholine can be antagonized by the administration of <a href="/wiki/Atropine" title="Atropine">atropine</a>. </p><p>Should atropine and pralidoxime be used in conjunction with one another, the result is a synergistic effect that is greater than if either were to be used separately.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toxicity">Toxicity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Toxicity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Phosmet is a moderately toxic compound, falling in EPA toxicity class II.<sup id="cite_ref-Toxicology_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toxicology-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Phosmet does not cause reproductive toxicity and it is not likely to cause teratogenic effects, but the available data is not sufficient to draw a firm conclusion about the carcinogenicity of phosmet. The primary target organ for Phosmet is the nervous system.<sup id="cite_ref-Toxicology_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toxicology-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Using the Margin of Exposure (MOE) approach to assess the risk of phosmet, the EPA deemed that there is little to no concern of phosmet having an MOE at or above 100. The primary toxicological endpoint of concern to the EPA is cholinesterase inhibition; a common toxic effect of organophosphate poisoning. </p><p>There is not a lot of data on the effect of phosmet in humans, but in rats the chemical was found to have an LD50 of 113 to 160 mg/kg through oral exposure, and an LD50 of 3160 to 4640 mg/kg through skin exposure.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The table below shows the <a href="/wiki/No-observed-adverse-effect_level" title="No-observed-adverse-effect level">no observed adverse effect level</a> (NOAEL) and <a href="/wiki/Lowest-observed-adverse-effect_level" title="Lowest-observed-adverse-effect level">lowest observed adverse effect level</a> (LOAEL) of short and long-term exposure in rats.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td> </td> <td>NOAEL </td> <td>LOAEL </td></tr> <tr> <td>Short-term </td> <td>15 mg/kg/day </td> <td>22.5 mg/kg/day </td></tr> <tr> <td>Long-term </td> <td>1.1 mg/kg/day </td> <td>1.8 mg/kg/day </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fetal_health">Fetal health</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Fetal health"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Research on phosmet's (and other organophosphate/chlorine insecticides) effect on the placenta indicate that phosmet has been found to enter the placenta and carryover to the fetus.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the compound has been shown to decrease PI 4-kinase activity in the nucleus, but has no effect on membrane PI 4-kinase.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Affecting PI 4-kinase activity suggests detrimental effects on different processes regulated by 4-phosphoinositides. However, more research is needed on the consequences of phosmet and other organophosphates on placenta physiopathology. </p><p><i>In vitro</i> studies have shown phosmet induces apoptosis in trophoblasts, through oxidative stress.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Endocrine_system">Endocrine system</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Endocrine system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Estrogens">Estrogens</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Estrogens"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Phosmet has been found to give positive results in aromatase inhibition assays, indicating phosmet decreases aromatase activity. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Androgens">Androgens</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Androgens"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Phosmet gives positive results in androgen receptor binding assays, this indicates that phosmet binds to androgen receptors. </p><p>More research is needed to find the physiological effects of aromatase inhibition and androgen receptor binding. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Safety">Safety</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Safety"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Phosmet is on the US Emergency Planning <a href="/wiki/List_of_Extremely_Hazardous_Substances" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Extremely Hazardous Substances">List of Extremely Hazardous Substances</a>. It is <a href="/wiki/Pesticide_toxicity_to_bees" title="Pesticide toxicity to bees">highly toxic to bees</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Toxicology_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toxicology-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>May be <i>fatal</i> if inhaled or absorbed through skin.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The US EPA had no concern for acute dietary risk through food or water. There are however concerns for workers who are in contact with Phosmet through mixing, handling and loading who are at risk for inhalation or dermal exposure.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Phosmet was recently banned in the European Union in 2022 the reason cited being its harmful effects however its true effects on environmental degradation are still being analyzed<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-safety-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-safety_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060924051021/http://www.itcilo.it/english/actrav/telearn/osh/ic/732116.htm">"Phosmet Safety Card"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itcilo.it/english/actrav/telearn/osh/ic/732116.htm">the original</a> on 2006-09-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-08-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Phosmet+Safety+Card&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.itcilo.it%2Fenglish%2Factrav%2Ftelearn%2Fosh%2Fic%2F732116.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhosmet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Toxicology-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Toxicology_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Toxicology_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Toxicology_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Toxicology_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://extoxnet.orst.edu/pips/phosmet.htm">"Phosmet"</a>. <i>EXTOXNET</i>. 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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class="citation journal cs1">K Al Rawas, Hisham; Al Mawla, Reem; Pham, Thi Yen Nhi; Truong, Dinh Hieu; Nguyen, Thi Le Anh; Taamalli, Sonia; Ribaucour, Marc; El Bakali, Abderrahman; Černušák, Ivan; Dao, Duy Quang; Louis, Florent (2023-12-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37850503/">"New insight into environmental oxidation of phosmet insecticide initiated by HO˙ radicals in gas and water - a theoretical study"</a>. <i>Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts</i>. <b>25</b> (12): <span class="nowrap">2042–</span>2056. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1039%2Fd3em00325f">10.1039/d3em00325f</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2050-7895">2050-7895</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37850503">37850503</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science%3A+Processes+%26+Impacts&rft.atitle=New+insight+into+environmental+oxidation+of+phosmet+insecticide+initiated+by+HO%CB%99+radicals+in+gas+and+water+-+a+theoretical+study&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E2042-%3C%2Fspan%3E2056&rft.date=2023-12-13&rft.issn=2050-7895&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F37850503&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1039%2Fd3em00325f&rft.aulast=K+Al+Rawas&rft.aufirst=Hisham&rft.au=Al+Mawla%2C+Reem&rft.au=Pham%2C+Thi+Yen+Nhi&rft.au=Truong%2C+Dinh+Hieu&rft.au=Nguyen%2C+Thi+Le+Anh&rft.au=Taamalli%2C+Sonia&rft.au=Ribaucour%2C+Marc&rft.au=El+Bakali%2C+Abderrahman&rft.au=%C4%8Cernu%C5%A1%C3%A1k%2C+Ivan&rft.au=Dao%2C+Duy+Quang&rft.au=Louis%2C+Florent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F37850503%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhosmet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sitem.herts.ac.uk/aeru/ppdb/en/Reports/521.htm">Phosmet</a></i> in the Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output 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title="Hydroprene">Hydroprene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoprene" title="Methoprene">Methoprene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyriproxyfen" title="Pyriproxyfen">Pyriproxyfen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:PowderBlue;"><a href="/wiki/Neonicotinoid" title="Neonicotinoid">Neonicotinoids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acetamiprid" title="Acetamiprid">Acetamiprid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothianidin" title="Clothianidin">Clothianidin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinotefuran" title="Dinotefuran">Dinotefuran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imidacloprid" title="Imidacloprid">Imidacloprid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imidaclothiz" title="Imidaclothiz">Imidaclothiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitenpyram" title="Nitenpyram">Nitenpyram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nithiazine" title="Nithiazine">Nithiazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paichongding" title="Paichongding">Paichongding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiacloprid" title="Thiacloprid">Thiacloprid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiamethoxam" title="Thiamethoxam">Thiamethoxam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:PowderBlue;"><a href="/wiki/Organochloride" class="mw-redirect" title="Organochloride">Organochlorides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aldrin" title="Aldrin">Aldrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane">Beta-HCH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_tetrachloride" title="Carbon tetrachloride">Carbon tetrachloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlordane" title="Chlordane">Chlordane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexachlorocyclopentadiene" 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title="Heptachlor">Heptachlor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepone" class="mw-redirect" title="Kepone">Kepone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindane" title="Lindane">Lindane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxychlor" title="Methoxychlor">Methoxychlor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirex" title="Mirex">Mirex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetradifon" title="Tetradifon">Tetradifon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toxaphene" title="Toxaphene">Toxaphene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:PowderBlue;"><a href="/wiki/Organophosphorus_compound" class="mw-redirect" title="Organophosphorus compound">Organophosphorus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acephate" title="Acephate">Acephate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azamethiphos" title="Azamethiphos">Azamethiphos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azinphos-methyl" title="Azinphos-methyl">Azinphos-methyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bensulide" title="Bensulide">Bensulide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorethoxyfos" title="Chlorethoxyfos">Chlorethoxyfos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorfenvinphos" title="Chlorfenvinphos">Chlorfenvinphos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorpyrifos" title="Chlorpyrifos">Chlorpyrifos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorpyrifos-methyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Chlorpyrifos-methyl">Chlorpyrifos-methyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coumaphos" title="Coumaphos">Coumaphos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeton-S-methyl" title="Demeton-S-methyl">Demeton-S-methyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diazinon" title="Diazinon">Diazinon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dichlorvos" title="Dichlorvos">Dichlorvos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicrotophos" title="Dicrotophos">Dicrotophos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diisopropyl_fluorophosphate" title="Diisopropyl fluorophosphate">Diisopropyl fluorophosphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimefox" title="Dimefox">Dimefox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethoate" title="Dimethoate">Dimethoate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dioxathion" title="Dioxathion">Dioxathion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disulfoton" title="Disulfoton">Disulfoton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethion" title="Ethion">Ethion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethoprop" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethoprop">Ethoprop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenamiphos" title="Fenamiphos">Fenamiphos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenitrothion" title="Fenitrothion">Fenitrothion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenthion" title="Fenthion">Fenthion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosthiazate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fosthiazate (page does not exist)">Fosthiazate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoxathion" title="Isoxathion">Isoxathion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malathion" title="Malathion">Malathion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methamidophos" title="Methamidophos">Methamidophos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methidathion" title="Methidathion">Methidathion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mevinphos" title="Mevinphos">Mevinphos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mipafox" title="Mipafox">Mipafox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monocrotophos" title="Monocrotophos">Monocrotophos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naled" title="Naled">Naled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omethoate" title="Omethoate">Omethoate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxydemeton-methyl" title="Oxydemeton-methyl">Oxydemeton-methyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parathion" title="Parathion">Parathion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parathion-methyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Parathion-methyl">Parathion-methyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenthoate" title="Phenthoate">Phenthoate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phorate" title="Phorate">Phorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosalone" title="Phosalone">Phosalone</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Phosmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoxim" title="Phoxim">Phoxim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirimiphos-methyl" title="Pirimiphos-methyl">Pirimiphos-methyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinalphos" title="Quinalphos">Quinalphos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-16661" title="R-16661">R-16661</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schradan" title="Schradan">Schradan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temefos" title="Temefos">Temefos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tebupirimfos" title="Tebupirimfos">Tebupirimfos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terbufos" title="Terbufos">Terbufos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrachlorvinphos" title="Tetrachlorvinphos">Tetrachlorvinphos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tribufos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tribufos (page does not exist)">Tribufos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metrifonate" title="Metrifonate">Trichlorfon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:PowderBlue;"><a href="/wiki/Pyrethroid" title="Pyrethroid">Pyrethroids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acrinathrin" title="Acrinathrin">Acrinathrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allethrins" title="Allethrins">Allethrins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bifenthrin" title="Bifenthrin">Bifenthrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioallethrin" title="Bioallethrin">Bioallethrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyfluthrin" title="Cyfluthrin">Cyfluthrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyhalothrin" title="Cyhalothrin">Cyhalothrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypermethrin" title="Cypermethrin">Cypermethrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyphenothrin" title="Cyphenothrin">Cyphenothrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deltamethrin" title="Deltamethrin">Deltamethrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empenthrin" title="Empenthrin">Empenthrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esfenvalerate" title="Esfenvalerate">Esfenvalerate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etofenprox" title="Etofenprox">Etofenprox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenpropathrin" title="Fenpropathrin">Fenpropathrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenvalerate" title="Fenvalerate">Fenvalerate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flumethrin" title="Flumethrin">Flumethrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluvalinate" title="Fluvalinate">Fluvalinate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imiprothrin" title="Imiprothrin">Imiprothrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metofluthrin" title="Metofluthrin">Metofluthrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permethrin" title="Permethrin">Permethrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenothrin" title="Phenothrin">Phenothrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prallethrin" title="Prallethrin">Prallethrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrethrin" title="Pyrethrin">Pyrethrin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pyrethrin_I" title="Pyrethrin I">I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pyrethrin_II" title="Pyrethrin II">II</a>; <a href="/wiki/Chrysanthemic_acid" title="Chrysanthemic acid">chrysanthemic acid</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrethrum" title="Pyrethrum">Pyrethrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resmethrin" title="Resmethrin">Resmethrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silafluofen" title="Silafluofen">Silafluofen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tefluthrin" title="Tefluthrin">Tefluthrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetramethrin" title="Tetramethrin">Tetramethrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tralomethrin" title="Tralomethrin">Tralomethrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transfluthrin" title="Transfluthrin">Transfluthrin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:PowderBlue;"><a href="/wiki/Diamide_insecticides" title="Diamide insecticides">Diamides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chlorantraniliprole" title="Chlorantraniliprole">Chlorantraniliprole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyantraniliprole" title="Cyantraniliprole">Cyantraniliprole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flubendiamide" title="Flubendiamide">Flubendiamide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:PowderBlue;">Other chemicals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afoxolaner" title="Afoxolaner">Afoxolaner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amitraz" title="Amitraz">Amitraz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azadirachtin" title="Azadirachtin">Azadirachtin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereistoxin" title="Nereistoxin">Bensultap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buprofezin" title="Buprofezin">Buprofezin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereistoxin" title="Nereistoxin">Cartap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlordimeform" title="Chlordimeform">Chlordimeform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorfenapyr" title="Chlorfenapyr">Chlorfenapyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyromazine" title="Cyromazine">Cyromazine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fenazaquin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fenazaquin (page does not exist)">Fenazaquin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenoxycarb" title="Fenoxycarb">Fenoxycarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fipronil" title="Fipronil">Fipronil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluralaner" title="Fluralaner">Fluralaner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydramethylnon" title="Hydramethylnon">Hydramethylnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoxacarb" title="Indoxacarb">Indoxacarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limonene" title="Limonene">Limonene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotilaner" title="Lotilaner">Lotilaner</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lotilaner/milbemycin_oxime" class="mw-redirect" title="Lotilaner/milbemycin oxime">+milbemycin oxime</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pyridaben&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pyridaben (page does not exist)">Pyridaben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyriprole" title="Pyriprole">Pyriprole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarolaner" title="Sarolaner">Sarolaner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adjuvants" class="mw-redirect" title="Adjuvants">Adjuvants</a> (<a href="/wiki/Piperonyl_butoxide" title="Piperonyl butoxide">Piperonyl butoxide</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sesamex" title="Sesamex">Sesamex</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinosad" title="Spinosad">Spinosad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulfluramid" title="Sulfluramid">Sulfluramid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tebufenozide" title="Tebufenozide">Tebufenozide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tebufenpyrad" title="Tebufenpyrad">Tebufenpyrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veracevine" title="Veracevine">Veracevine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xanthone" title="Xanthone">Xanthone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metaflumizone" title="Metaflumizone">Metaflumizone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryanodine" title="Ryanodine">Ryanodine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryanodol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ryanodol (page does not exist)">Ryanodol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:PowderBlue;"><a href="/wiki/Metabolite" title="Metabolite">Metabolites</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oxon_(chemical)" title="Oxon (chemical)">Oxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaoxon" title="Malaoxon">Malaoxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraoxon" title="Paraoxon">Paraoxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TCPy" title="TCPy">TCPy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:PowderBlue;"><a href="/wiki/Biopesticide" title="Biopesticide">Biopesticides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bacillus_thuringiensis" title="Bacillus thuringiensis">Bacillus thuringiensis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baculovirus" class="mw-redirect" title="Baculovirus">Baculovirus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beauveria_bassiana" title="Beauveria bassiana">Beauveria bassiana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beauveria_brongniartii" title="Beauveria brongniartii">Beauveria brongniartii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Isaria_fumosorosea" title="Isaria fumosorosea">Isaria fumosorosea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Metarhizium_acridum" title="Metarhizium acridum">Metarhizium acridum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Metarhizium_anisopliae" title="Metarhizium anisopliae">Metarhizium anisopliae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nomuraea_rileyi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nomuraea rileyi">Nomuraea rileyi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lecanicillium_lecanii" title="Lecanicillium lecanii">Lecanicillium lecanii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paenibacillus_popilliae" class="mw-redirect" title="Paenibacillus popilliae">Paenibacillus popilliae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Purpureocillium_lilacinum" title="Purpureocillium lilacinum">Purpureocillium lilacinum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinosad" title="Spinosad">Spinosad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Acetylcholine_metabolism_and_transport_modulators653" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Acetylcholine_metabolism_and_transport_modulators" title="Template:Acetylcholine metabolism and transport modulators"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Acetylcholine_metabolism_and_transport_modulators" title="Template talk:Acetylcholine metabolism and transport modulators"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Acetylcholine_metabolism_and_transport_modulators" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Acetylcholine metabolism and transport modulators"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Acetylcholine_metabolism_and_transport_modulators653" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Acetylcholine" title="Acetylcholine">Acetylcholine</a> <a href="/wiki/Metabolism" title="Metabolism">metabolism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neurotransmitter_transporter" title="Neurotransmitter transporter">transport</a> <a href="/wiki/Receptor_modulator" title="Receptor modulator">modulators</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">Enzyme</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Enzyme_modulator" title="Enzyme modulator">modulators</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Choline_acetyltransferase" title="Choline acetyltransferase"><abbr title="Choline acetyltransferase">ChAT</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Choline acetyltransferase</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Inhibitors:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=1-(-Benzoylethyl)pyridinium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1-(-Benzoylethyl)pyridinium (page does not exist)">1-(-Benzoylethyl)pyridinium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2-(%CE%B1-Naphthoyl)ethyltrimethylammonium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-(α-Naphthoyl)ethyltrimethylammonium (page does not exist)">2-(α-Naphthoyl)ethyltrimethylammonium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3-Chloro-4-stillbazole&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3-Chloro-4-stillbazole (page does not exist)">3-Chloro-4-stillbazole</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4-(1-Naphthylvinyl)pyridine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4-(1-Naphthylvinyl)pyridine (page does not exist)">4-(1-Naphthylvinyl)pyridine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acetylseco_hemicholinium-3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acetylseco hemicholinium-3 (page does not exist)">Acetylseco hemicholinium-3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acryloylcholine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acryloylcholine (page does not exist)">Acryloylcholine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AF64A" class="mw-redirect" title="AF64A">AF64A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=(E)-1-Methyl-4-(1-naphthylvinyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="(E)-1-Methyl-4-(1-naphthylvinyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (page does not exist)">B115</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=(2-Benzoylethyl)trimethylammonium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="(2-Benzoylethyl)trimethylammonium (page does not exist)">BETA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N,N-Dimethylamino-2-ethoxyimino-2-adamantane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N,N-Dimethylamino-2-ethoxyimino-2-adamantane (page does not exist)">CM-54,903</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N,N-Dimethylaminoethylacrylate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N,N-Dimethylaminoethylacrylate (page does not exist)">N,N-Dimethylaminoethylacrylate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N,N-Dimethylaminoethylchloroacetate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N,N-Dimethylaminoethylchloroacetate (page does not exist)">N,N-Dimethylaminoethylchloroacetate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Acetylcholinesterase" title="Acetylcholinesterase"><abbr title="Acetylcholinesterase">AChE</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Acetylcholinesterase</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Acetylcholinesterase_inhibitor" title="Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor">Inhibitors</a>:</b> <i>Reversible:</i> Carbamates: <a href="/wiki/Aldicarb" title="Aldicarb">Aldicarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aminocarb" title="Aminocarb">Aminocarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bendiocarb" title="Bendiocarb">Bendiocarb</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bufencarb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bufencarb (page does not exist)">Bufencarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbaryl" title="Carbaryl">Carbaryl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbendazim" title="Carbendazim">Carbendazim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbetamide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carbetamide (page does not exist)">Carbetamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbofuran" title="Carbofuran">Carbofuran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbosulfan" title="Carbosulfan">Carbosulfan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chlorbufam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chlorbufam (page does not exist)">Chlorbufam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chloropropham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chloropropham (page does not exist)">Chloropropham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimetilan" title="Dimetilan">Dimetilan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethienocarb" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethienocarb">Ethienocarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiofencarb" title="Ethiofencarb">Ethiofencarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenobucarb" title="Fenobucarb">Fenobucarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formetanate" title="Formetanate">Formetanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formparanate" title="Formparanate">Formparanate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methiocarb" title="Methiocarb">Methiocarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methomyl" title="Methomyl">Methomyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metolcarb" title="Metolcarb">Metolcarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miotine" title="Miotine">Miotine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxamyl" title="Oxamyl">Oxamyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phenmedipham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phenmedipham (page does not exist)">Phenmedipham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pinmicarb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pinmicarb (page does not exist)">Pinmicarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirimicarb" title="Pirimicarb">Pirimicarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promecarb" title="Promecarb">Promecarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propamocarb" title="Propamocarb">Propamocarb</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Propham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Propham (page does not exist)">Propham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propoxur" title="Propoxur">Propoxur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thiodicarb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thiodicarb (page does not exist)">Thiodicarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiofanox" title="Thiofanox">Thiofanox</a>; Stigmines: <a href="/wiki/Distigmine" title="Distigmine">Distigmine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eptastigmine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eptastigmine (page does not exist)">Eptastigmine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ganstigmine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ganstigmine (page does not exist)">Ganstigmine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neostigmine" title="Neostigmine">Neostigmine</a> <a href="/wiki/Neostigmine/glycopyrronium_bromide" title="Neostigmine/glycopyrronium bromide">+glycopyrronium bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenserine" title="Phenserine">Phenserine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physostigmine" title="Physostigmine">Physostigmine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyridostigmine" title="Pyridostigmine">Pyridostigmine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quilostigmine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quilostigmine (page does not exist)">Quilostigmine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivastigmine" title="Rivastigmine">Rivastigmine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Terestigmine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terestigmine (page does not exist)">Terestigmine</a>; Others: <a href="/wiki/Acotiamide" title="Acotiamide">Acotiamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambenonium" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambenonium">Ambenonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caffeine" title="Caffeine">Caffeine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donepezil" title="Donepezil">Donepezil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-3990" title="EA-3990">EA-3990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-4056" title="EA-4056">EA-4056</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edrophonium" title="Edrophonium">Edrophonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galantamine" title="Galantamine">Galantamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huperzine_A" title="Huperzine A">Huperzine A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huprine_W&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huprine W (page does not exist)">Huprine W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huprine_X" title="Huprine X">Huprine X</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huprine_Y&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huprine Y (page does not exist)">Huprine Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipidacrine" title="Ipidacrine">Ipidacrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itopride" title="Itopride">Itopride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladostigil" title="Ladostigil">Ladostigil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minaprine" title="Minaprine">Minaprine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium_bromide)" title="Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide)">Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-1123" title="T-1123">T-1123</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-1152" title="T-1152">T-1152</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-1194" title="T-1194">T-1194</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TL-599" title="TL-599">TL-599</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TL-1238" title="TL-1238">TL-1238</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacrine" title="Tacrine">Tacrine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zanapezil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zanapezil (page does not exist)">Zanapezil</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Irreversible:</i> Organophosphates: <a href="/wiki/2-Ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylvinyl_cyclohexyl_methylphosphonate" title="2-Ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylvinyl cyclohexyl methylphosphonate">2-Ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylvinyl cyclohexyl methylphosphonate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acephate" title="Acephate">Acephate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armine_(chemical)" title="Armine (chemical)">Armine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azinphos-ethyl" title="Azinphos-ethyl">Azinphos-ethyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azinphos-methyl" title="Azinphos-methyl">Azinphos-methyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BAY-29952" title="BAY-29952">BAY-29952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bensulide" title="Bensulide">Bensulide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadusafos" title="Cadusafos">Cadusafos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbophenothion" title="Carbophenothion">Carbophenothion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorethoxyfos" title="Chlorethoxyfos">Chlorethoxyfos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorfenvinphos" title="Chlorfenvinphos">Chlorfenvinphos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorpyrifos" title="Chlorpyrifos">Chlorpyrifos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorpyrifos-methyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Chlorpyrifos-methyl">Chlorpyrifos-methyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coumaphos" title="Coumaphos">Coumaphos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crotylsarin" title="Crotylsarin">Crotylsarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyanophos" title="Cyanophos">Cyanophos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclosarin" title="Cyclosarin">Cyclosarin (GF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demephion" title="Demephion">Demephion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeton" title="Demeton">Demeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demeton-S-methyl" title="Demeton-S-methyl">Demeton-S-methyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialifor" title="Dialifor">Dialifor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diazinon" title="Diazinon">Diazinon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dichlorvos" title="Dichlorvos">Dichlorvos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicrotophos" title="Dicrotophos">Dicrotophos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicyclohexyl_phosphorofluoridate" title="Dicyclohexyl phosphorofluoridate">Dicyclohexyl phosphorofluoridate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diisopropylphosphate" title="Diisopropylphosphate">Diisopropylphosphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diisopropyl_fluorophosphate" title="Diisopropyl fluorophosphate">Diisopropyl fluorophosphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimefox" title="Dimefox">Dimefox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethoate" title="Dimethoate">Dimethoate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethyl_4-(methylthio)phenyl_phosphate" title="Dimethyl 4-(methylthio)phenyl phosphate">Dimethyl 4-(methylthio)phenyl phosphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dioxathion" title="Dioxathion">Dioxathion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disulfoton" title="Disulfoton">Disulfoton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-2012" title="EA-2012">EA-2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-2054" title="EA-2054">EA-2054</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-2098" title="EA-2098">EA-2098</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-2192" title="EA-2192">EA-2192</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-2613" title="EA-2613">EA-2613</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-3148" title="EA-3148">EA-3148</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-4352" title="EA-4352">EA-4352</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echothiophate" title="Echothiophate">Echothiophate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethylsarin" title="Ethylsarin">Ethylsarin (GE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endothion" title="Endothion">Endothion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPN_(insecticide)" title="EPN (insecticide)">EPN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethion" title="Ethion">Ethion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethoprop" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethoprop">Ethoprop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenamiphos" title="Fenamiphos">Fenamiphos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenitrothion" title="Fenitrothion">Fenitrothion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenthion" title="Fenthion">Fenthion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluorotabun" title="Fluorotabun">Fluorotabun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fonofos" title="Fonofos">Fonofos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formothion" title="Formothion">Formothion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosthiazate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fosthiazate (page does not exist)">Fosthiazate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GD-42" title="GD-42">GD-42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GH_(nerve_agent)" title="GH (nerve agent)">GH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GT-45&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GT-45 (page does not exist)">GT-45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GV_(nerve_agent)" title="GV (nerve agent)">GV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanitoxin" title="Guanitoxin">Guanitoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexaethyl_tetraphosphate" title="Hexaethyl tetraphosphate">Hexaethyl tetraphosphate (HETP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isofluorophate" class="mw-redirect" title="Isofluorophate">Isofluorophate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoxathion" title="Isoxathion">Isoxathion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leptophos" title="Leptophos">Leptophos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaoxon" title="Malaoxon">Malaoxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malathion" title="Malathion">Malathion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mazidox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mazidox (page does not exist)">Mazidox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methamidophos" title="Methamidophos">Methamidophos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methidathion" title="Methidathion">Methidathion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methyl_phenkapton" title="Methyl phenkapton">Methyl phenkapton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylfluorophosphonylcholine" title="Methylfluorophosphonylcholine">Methylfluorophosphonylcholine (MFPCh)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metrifonate" title="Metrifonate">Metrifonate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mevinphos" title="Mevinphos">Mevinphos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mipafox" title="Mipafox">Mipafox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monocrotophos" title="Monocrotophos">Monocrotophos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSPI_(nerve_agent)" title="MSPI (nerve agent)">MSPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naled" title="Naled">Naled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novichok_agent" class="mw-redirect" title="Novichok agent">Novichok agent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omethoate" title="Omethoate">Omethoate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxydemeton-methyl" title="Oxydemeton-methyl">Oxydemeton-methyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraoxon" title="Paraoxon">Paraoxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parathion" title="Parathion">Parathion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parathion-methyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Parathion-methyl">Parathion-methyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phorate" title="Phorate">Phorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosalone" title="Phosalone">Phosalone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosfolan" title="Phosfolan">Phosfolan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Phosmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphamidon" title="Phosphamidon">Phosphamidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoxim" title="Phoxim">Phoxim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirimiphos-methyl" title="Pirimiphos-methyl">Pirimiphos-methyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Profenofos" title="Profenofos">Profenofos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prothoate" title="Prothoate">Prothoate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-16661" title="R-16661">R-16661</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ro_3-0340&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ro 3-0340 (page does not exist)">Ro 3-0340</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ro_3-0346&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ro 3-0346 (page does not exist)">Ro 3-0346</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ro_3-0347&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ro 3-0347 (page does not exist)">Ro 3-0347</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ro_3-0351&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ro 3-0351 (page does not exist)">Ro 3-0351</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ro_3-0352&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ro 3-0352 (page does not exist)">Ro 3-0352</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ro_3-0397&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ro 3-0397 (page does not exist)">Ro 3-0397</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ro_3-0411&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ro 3-0411 (page does not exist)">Ro 3-0411</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ro_3-0412" title="Ro 3-0412">Ro 3-0412</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ro_3-0417&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ro 3-0417 (page does not exist)">Ro 3-0417</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ro_3-0419" title="Ro 3-0419">Ro 3-0419</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ro_3-0422" title="Ro 3-0422">Ro 3-0422</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ro_3-0433&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ro 3-0433 (page does not exist)">Ro 3-0433</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronnel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ronnel (page does not exist)">Ronnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarin" title="Sarin">Sarin (GB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schradan" title="Schradan">Schradan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soman" title="Soman">Soman (GD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulfotep" title="Sulfotep">Sulfotep (TEDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabun_(nerve_agent)" title="Tabun (nerve agent)">Tabun (GA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tebupirimfos" title="Tebupirimfos">Tebupirimfos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temefos" title="Temefos">Temefos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terbufos" title="Terbufos">Terbufos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrachlorvinphos" title="Tetrachlorvinphos">Tetrachlorvinphos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetraethyl_pyrophosphate" title="Tetraethyl pyrophosphate">Tetraethyl pyrophosphate (TEPP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triazofos" title="Triazofos">Triazofos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tribufos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tribufos (page does not exist)">Tribufos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichlorfon" class="mw-redirect" title="Trichlorfon">Trichlorfon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichloronate" title="Trichloronate">Trichloronate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricresyl_phosphate" title="Tricresyl phosphate">Tricresyl phosphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VE_(nerve_agent)" title="VE (nerve agent)">VE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VG_(nerve_agent)" title="VG (nerve agent)">VG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_(nerve_agent)" title="VM (nerve agent)">VM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP_(nerve_agent)" class="mw-redirect" title="VP (nerve agent)">VP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VS_(nerve_agent)" title="VS (nerve agent)">VS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VR_(nerve_agent)" title="VR (nerve agent)">VR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VX_(nerve_agent)" title="VX (nerve agent)">VX</a>; Others: <a href="/wiki/Demecarium" class="mw-redirect" title="Demecarium">Demecarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasciculin" title="Fasciculin">Fasciculins (green mamba toxins)</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fasciculin_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fasciculin 1 (page does not exist)">1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fasciculin_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fasciculin 2 (page does not exist)">2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fasciculin_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fasciculin 3 (page does not exist)">3</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fasciculin_4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fasciculin 4 (page does not exist)">4</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onchidal" title="Onchidal">Onchidal</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Onchidella_binneyi" title="Onchidella binneyi">Onchidella binneyi</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methanesulfonyl_fluoride" title="Methanesulfonyl fluoride">Methanesulfonyl fluoride</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Unsorted:</i> <a href="/wiki/%CE%91-Pinene" title="Α-Pinene">α-Pinene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%91-Viniferin" title="Α-Viniferin">α-Viniferin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affinine" title="Affinine">Affinine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affinisine" title="Affinisine">Affinisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arisugacin_A" title="Arisugacin A">Arisugacin A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulbocapnine" title="Bulbocapnine">Bulbocapnine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conodurine" title="Conodurine">Conodurine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronaridine" title="Coronaridine">Coronaridine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corydaline" title="Corydaline">Corydaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corynoline" title="Corynoline">Corynoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimidine" title="Crimidine">Crimidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclanoline" title="Cyclanoline">Cyclanoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymserine" title="Cymserine">Cymserine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmaline" title="Harmaline">Harmaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobophenol_A" title="Kobophenol A">Kobophenol A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lactucopicrin" title="Lactucopicrin">Lactucopicrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycorine" title="Lycorine">Lycorine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosacetim" title="Phosacetim">Phosacetim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosmarinic_acid" title="Rosmarinic acid">Rosmarinic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stercuronium_iodide" title="Stercuronium iodide">Stercuronium iodide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taspine" title="Taspine">Taspine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabinol" title="Tetrahydrocannabinol">Tetrahydrocannabinol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ungeremine" title="Ungeremine">Ungeremine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ungiminorine" title="Ungiminorine">Ungiminorine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethylcarbamoyl_fluoride" title="Dimethylcarbamoyl fluoride">Dimethylcarbamoyl fluoride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BW284C51" title="BW284C51">BW284C51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TMTFA" title="TMTFA">TMTFA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3152_CT" title="3152 CT">3152 CT</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cholinesterase_reactivator" title="Cholinesterase reactivator">Reactivators</a>: <a href="/wiki/Asoxime_chloride" title="Asoxime chloride">Asoxime chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methoxime&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Methoxime (page does not exist)">Methoxime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obidoxime" title="Obidoxime">Obidoxime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pralidoxime" title="Pralidoxime">Pralidoxime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimedoxime_bromide" title="Trimedoxime bromide">Trimedoxime bromide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Butyrylcholinesterase" title="Butyrylcholinesterase"><abbr title="Butyrylcholinesterase">BChE</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Butyrylcholinesterase</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Inhibitors:</b> <a href="/wiki/Affinine" title="Affinine">Affinine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affinisine" title="Affinisine">Affinisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conodurine" title="Conodurine">Conodurine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymserine" title="Cymserine">Cymserine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladostigil" title="Ladostigil">Ladostigil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Profenamine" title="Profenamine">Profenamine (ethopropazine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivastigmine" title="Rivastigmine">Rivastigmine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacrine" title="Tacrine">Tacrine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ZINC-12613047&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ZINC-12613047 (page does not exist)">ZINC-12613047</a></li> <li>Many of the other AChE inhibitors listed above</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Neurotransmitter_transporter" title="Neurotransmitter transporter">Transporter</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Transporter_modulator" class="mw-redirect" title="Transporter modulator">modulators</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Choline_transporter" title="Choline transporter"><abbr title="Choline transporter">CHT</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Choline transporter</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Inhibitors:</b> <a href="/wiki/Hemicholinium-3" title="Hemicholinium-3">Hemicholinium-3 (hemicholine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triethylcholine" title="Triethylcholine">Triethylcholine</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Enhancers:</b> <a href="/wiki/Coluracetam" title="Coluracetam">Coluracetam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Vesicular_acetylcholine_transporter" title="Vesicular acetylcholine transporter"><abbr title="Vesicular acetylcholine transporter">VAChT</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Vesicular acetylcholine transporter</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Inhibitors:</b> <a href="/wiki/Vesamicol" title="Vesamicol">Vesamicol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Neurotransmitter_release" class="mw-redirect" title="Neurotransmitter release">Release</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Release_modulator" title="Release modulator">modulators</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Release_inhibitor" class="mw-redirect" title="Release inhibitor">Inhibitors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Synaptosomal-associated_protein_25" class="mw-redirect" title="Synaptosomal-associated protein 25"><abbr title="Synaptosomal-associated protein 25">SNAP-25</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Synaptosomal-associated protein 25</span> inactivators:</b> <a href="/wiki/Botulinum_toxin" title="Botulinum toxin">Botulinum toxin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Botulinum_toxin_A" class="mw-redirect" title="Botulinum toxin A">A</a>, <a href="/wiki/Botulinum_toxin_C" class="mw-redirect" title="Botulinum toxin C">C</a>, <a href="/wiki/Botulinum_toxin_E" class="mw-redirect" title="Botulinum toxin E">E</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Vesicle-associated_membrane_protein" title="Vesicle-associated membrane protein"><abbr title="Vesicle-associated membrane protein">VAMP</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Vesicle-associated membrane protein</span> inactivators:</b> <a href="/wiki/Botulinum_toxin" title="Botulinum toxin">Botulinum toxin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Botulinum_toxin_B" class="mw-redirect" title="Botulinum toxin B">B</a>, <a href="/wiki/Botulinum_toxin_D" class="mw-redirect" title="Botulinum toxin D">D</a>, <a href="/wiki/Botulinum_toxin_F" class="mw-redirect" title="Botulinum toxin F">F</a>, <a href="/wiki/Botulinum_toxin_G" class="mw-redirect" title="Botulinum toxin G">G</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Others:</b> <a href="/wiki/Bungarotoxin" title="Bungarotoxin">Bungarotoxins</a> (<a href="/wiki/Beta-Bungarotoxin" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta-Bungarotoxin">β-bungarotoxin</a>, <a href="/wiki/%CE%93-bungarotoxin" class="mw-redirect" title="Γ-bungarotoxin">γ-bungarotoxin</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Release_enhancer" class="mw-redirect" title="Release enhancer">Enhancers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Latrophilin" title="Latrophilin"><abbr title="Latrophilin">LPHN</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Latrophilin</span> agonists:</b> <a href="/wiki/Alpha-Latrotoxin" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha-Latrotoxin">α-Latrotoxin</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Others:</b> Atracotoxins (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Robustoxin" class="mw-redirect" title="Robustoxin">robustoxin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Versutoxin" title="Versutoxin">versutoxin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crotoxin" title="Crotoxin">Crotoxin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Receptor_modulators" title="Template:Receptor modulators">Receptor/signaling modulators</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Muscarinic_acetylcholine_receptor_modulators" title="Template:Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulators">Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulators</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Nicotinic_acetylcholine_receptor_modulators" title="Template:Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators">Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&oldid=1219632879">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phosmet&oldid=1219632879</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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