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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logga in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sidor för utloggade redigerare <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lp:Introduktion" aria-label="Läs mer om redigering"><span>läs mer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mina_bidrag" title="En lista över redigeringar från denna IP-adress [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Min_diskussion" title="Diskussion om redigeringar från det här IP-numret [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innehåll" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innehåll</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Orsaker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orsaker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Orsaker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orsaker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Incidens_och_riskfaktorer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Incidens_och_riskfaktorer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Incidens och riskfaktorer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Incidens_och_riskfaktorer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Symptom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Symptom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Symptom</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Symptom-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Symptom</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Symptom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hypotyreos_hos_barn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hypotyreos_hos_barn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Hypotyreos hos barn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hypotyreos_hos_barn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Myxödem" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Myxödem"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Myxödem</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Myxödem-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Komplikationer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Komplikationer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Komplikationer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Komplikationer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Samsjuklighet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Samsjuklighet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Samsjuklighet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Samsjuklighet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utredning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utredning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Utredning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utredning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Behandling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Behandling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Behandling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Behandling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referenser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Externa länkar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hypotyreos</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 61 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-61" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">61 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="قصور الدرقية – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قصور الدرقية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotireoz" title="Hipotireoz – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hipotireoz" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A2%D8%B2_%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="تروئیدین آز چالیشماسی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تروئیدین آز چالیشماسی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AE" title="হাইপোথাইরয়েডিজম – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হাইপোথাইরয়েডিজম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%91%D0%B7" title="Гіпатэрыёз – belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гіпатэрыёз" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Хипотиреоидизъм – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хипотиреоидизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotireoidizam" title="Hipotireoidizam – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hipotireoidizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiro%C3%AFdisme" title="Hipotiroïdisme – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hipotiroïdisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypotyre%C3%B3za" title="Hypotyreóza – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hypotyreóza" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bra artikel"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyreose" title="Hypothyreose – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hypothyreose" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%80%DE%A6%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%95%DE%AF%DE%8C%DE%A6%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%83%DE%AE%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%91%DE%A8%DE%92%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%B0" title="ހައިޕޯތައިރޮއިޑިޒަމް – divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ހައިޕޯތައިރޮއިޑިޒަމް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%BCpot%C3%BCreoos" title="Hüpotüreoos – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hüpotüreoos" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B8%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%BF%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Υποθυρεοειδισμός – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Υποθυρεοειδισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bra artikel"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyroidism" title="Hypothyroidism – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hypothyroidism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidismo" title="Hipotiroidismo – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hipotiroidismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidismo" title="Hipotiroidismo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hipotiroidismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidismo" title="Hipotiroidismo – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hipotiroidismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="کم‌کاری تیروئید – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کم‌کاری تیروئید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyro%C3%AFdie" title="Hypothyroïdie – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hypothyroïdie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipit%C3%ADor%C3%B3ideacht" title="Hipitíoróideacht – iriska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Hipitíoróideacht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%91%EC%83%81%EC%83%98%EC%A0%80%ED%95%98%EC%A6%9D" title="갑상샘저하증 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="갑상샘저하증" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%AB%D5%BA%D5%B8%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B8%D5%A6" title="Հիպոթիրեոզ – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հիպոթիրեոզ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%81_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="अवटु अल्पक्रियता – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अवटु अल्पक्रियता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotireoidizam" title="Hipotireoidizam – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hipotireoidizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyroidism" title="Hypothyroidism – igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Hypothyroidism" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidisme" title="Hipotiroidisme – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hipotiroidisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipotiroidismo" title="Ipotiroidismo – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ipotiroidismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%AA-%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%98%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1" title="תת-פעילות של בלוטת התריס – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תת-פעילות של בלוטת התריס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%98" title="ჰიპოთირეოზი – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰიპოთირეოზი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Гипотиреоз – kirgiziska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гипотиреоз" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyreosis" title="Hypothyreosis – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hypothyreosis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotireoze" title="Hipotireoze – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hipotireoze" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Хипотироидизам – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хипотироидизам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidisme" title="Hipotiroidisme – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hipotiroidisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyreo%C3%AFdie" title="Hypothyreoïdie – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hypothyreoïdie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%AE" title="हाइपोथाइरोडिजम – nepalesiska" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हाइपोथाइरोडिजम" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E7%8A%B6%E8%85%BA%E6%A9%9F%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%8E%E4%B8%8B%E7%97%87" title="甲状腺機能低下症 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="甲状腺機能低下症" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypotyreose" title="Hypotyreose – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hypotyreose" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%97%E0%AC%B3%E0%AC%97%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A5%E0%AC%BF_%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%B1%E0%AC%B3%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BE" title="ଗଳଗ୍ରନ୍ଥି ସ୍ୱଳ୍ପକ୍ରିୟତା – oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଗଳଗ୍ରନ୍ଥି ସ୍ୱଳ୍ପକ୍ରିୟତା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gipotireoz" title="Gipotireoz – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gipotireoz" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A%DA%89%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85" title="هايپوتايرايډيزم – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هايپوتايرايډيزم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niedoczynno%C5%9B%C4%87_tarczycy" title="Niedoczynność tarczycy – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Niedoczynność tarczycy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidismo" title="Hipotiroidismo – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hipotiroidismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidism" title="Hipotiroidism – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hipotiroidism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Гипотиреоз – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гипотиреоз" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyroidism" title="Hypothyroidism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hypothyroidism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypotyre%C3%B3za" title="Hypotyreóza – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hypotyreóza" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidizem" title="Hipotiroidizem – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hipotiroidizem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Хипотиреоза – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хипотиреоза" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotireoza" title="Hipotireoza – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hipotireoza" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilpirauhasen_vajaatoiminta" title="Kilpirauhasen vajaatoiminta – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kilpirauhasen vajaatoiminta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88" title="தைராய்டு சுரப்புக் குறை – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தைராய்டு சுரப்புக் குறை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Гипотиреоз – tatariska" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гипотиреоз" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A5%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%82" title="హైపోథైరాయిడిజం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హైపోథైరాయిడిజం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2" title="ภาวะต่อมไทรอยด์ทำงานน้อย – thailändska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาวะต่อมไทรอยด์ทำงานน้อย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailändska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidi" title="Hipotiroidi – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hipotiroidi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gipotireoz" title="Gipotireoz – turkmeniska" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Gipotireoz" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%97%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Гіпотиреоїдизм – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гіпотиреоїдизм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suy_gi%C3%A1p" title="Suy giáp – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Suy giáp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E7%8A%B6%E8%85%BA%E6%9C%BA%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%8E%E4%B8%8B%E7%97%87" title="甲状腺机能低下症 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="甲状腺机能低下症" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E7%8B%80%E8%85%BA%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%8E%E4%B8%8B%E7%97%87" 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#ccd2d9;text-align:left;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow th{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th{border-top:0;border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable th{border:0;padding:0}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-spacing:3px;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="padding:2px; text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background-color: lightgrey">Hypotyreos</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; background-color: lightgrey;">Latin: hypothyreoidismus, hypothyreosis</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Thyroxine-2D-skeletal.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Thyroxine-2D-skeletal.png"><img alt="Thyroxine-2D-skeletal.png" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Thyroxine-2D-skeletal.png/250px-Thyroxine-2D-skeletal.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Thyroxine-2D-skeletal.png/375px-Thyroxine-2D-skeletal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Thyroxine-2D-skeletal.png/500px-Thyroxine-2D-skeletal.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="698" /></a></span> <div style="">Nivåerna av <a href="/wiki/Tyroxin" title="Tyroxin">tyroxin</a> (T4) är vanligen tjugo gånger högre av nivåerna av <a href="/wiki/Trijodtyronin" title="Trijodtyronin">trijodtyronin</a> (T3)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><i>Klassifikation och externa resurser</i></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/ICD-10" title="ICD-10">ICD-10</a></th><td class="" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/E03.9">E03.9</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/ICD" title="ICD">ICD</a>-9</th><td class="" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=244.9">244.9</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Diseases_Database" title="Diseases Database">DiseasesDB</a></th><td class="" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diseasesdatabase.com/ddb6558.htm">6558</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/EMedicine" title="EMedicine">eMedicine</a></th><td class="" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic1145.htm">med/1145</a> </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/MeSH" title="MeSH">MeSH</a></th><td class="" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mesh.kib.ki.se/term/D007037">svensk</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2009/MB_cgi?field=uid&term=D007037">engelsk</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Hypotyreos</b> eller <b>hypotyreoidism</b> är en <a href="/wiki/Endokrin_sjukdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Endokrin sjukdom">endokrin sjukdom</a> som innebär att <a href="/wiki/%C3%84mnesoms%C3%A4ttning" class="mw-redirect" title="Ämnesomsättning">ämnesomsättningen</a> är kliniskt låg. Detta beror på att <a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%B6ldk%C3%B6rteln" class="mw-redirect" title="Sköldkörteln">sköldkörteln</a> producerar för lite <a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%B6ldk%C3%B6rtelhormoner" class="mw-redirect" title="Sköldkörtelhormoner">sköldkörtelhormoner</a>. Ämnesomsättningen påverkar kroppen på <a href="/wiki/Cell" title="Cell">cellnivå</a>, varför <a href="/wiki/Systemiska_sjukdomar" title="Systemiska sjukdomar">sjukdomen brukar sägas vara systemisk</a>, det vill säga att den drabbar många av kroppens grundläggande funktioner. Symptomen är därför ofta diffusa och härrör ofta från flera organ. Motsatsen till hypotyreos är hypertyreos som också kallas <a href="/wiki/Giftstruma" title="Giftstruma">giftstruma</a>, vilket innebär överproduktion av sköldkörtelhormoner. <a href="/wiki/Struma" title="Struma">Struma</a> betyder förstorad sköldkörtel och behöver inte vara associerad till hypotyreos eller hypertyreos. <a href="/wiki/Kretinism" title="Kretinism">Kongenitalt jodbristsyndrom</a> (förr kallat kretinism) är en typ av hypotyreos hos barn. Obehandlad hypotyreos kan bli livshotande (se Komplikationer). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Orsaker">Orsaker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Orsaker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Orsaker"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Diagnosens namn, hypotyreos, anger att personen antingen har en underaktiv sköldkörtel eller saknar den helt (vanligen efter kirurgi). Följden blir att kroppen bildar för lite av hormonet <a href="/wiki/Tyroxin" title="Tyroxin">tyroxin</a> (T4), och ofta också <a href="/wiki/Trijodtyronin" title="Trijodtyronin">trijodtyronin</a> (T3), utan sköldkörtel bildas varken T4 eller T3. En direkt konsekvens av detta är att <a href="/wiki/%C3%84mnesoms%C3%A4ttning" class="mw-redirect" title="Ämnesomsättning">ämnesomsättningen</a> i cellerna blir för låg. </p><p>En vanlig orsak till hypotyreos är <a href="/wiki/Hashimotos_sjukdom" title="Hashimotos sjukdom">Hashimotos sjukdom</a> som är en kronisk <a href="/wiki/Autoimmun_sjukdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Autoimmun sjukdom">autoimmun</a> <a href="/wiki/Tyreoidit" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyreoidit">tyreoidit</a>. Vid detta tillstånd bildar kroppen <a href="/wiki/Autoantikroppar" title="Autoantikroppar">autoantikroppar</a> mot den egna sköldkörteln, som om den vore främmande vävnad.<sup id="cite_ref-med-dic_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-med-dic-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Autoimmuna tillstånd har koppling mellan varandra och kan ha en ärftlig komponent.<sup id="cite_ref-netdok_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-netdok-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hypotyreos kan uppkomma av andra <a href="/wiki/Tyreoidit" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyreoidit">tyreoiditer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Inflammation" title="Inflammation">inflammationer</a> i sköldkörteln). I ovanliga fall beror hypotyreos på fel i <a href="/wiki/Hypofysen" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypofysen">hypofysen</a>, som bildar det hormonfrisättande hormonet <a href="/wiki/TSH" class="mw-redirect" title="TSH">TSH</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pat_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pat-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>En annan vanlig orsak är att hypotyreos uppkommer som effekt av en sjukdomsbehandling, till exempel efter att sköldkörteln har opererats bort (i syfte att bota <a href="/wiki/Giftstruma" title="Giftstruma">hypertyreos</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a>) och/eller efter behandling med <a href="/w/index.php?title=Radioaktivt_jod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radioaktivt jod [inte skriven än]">radioaktivt jod</a> mot hypertyreos eller cancer.<sup id="cite_ref-med-dic_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-med-dic-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vissa läkemedel kan sänka ämnesomsättningen så att den blir för låg, till exempel <a href="/wiki/Litium" title="Litium">litium</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-med-dic_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-med-dic-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vid <a href="/wiki/Jodbrist" title="Jodbrist">jodbrist</a> finns inte tillräckligt material för att bilda <a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%B6ldk%C3%B6rtelhormoner" class="mw-redirect" title="Sköldkörtelhormoner">sköldkörtelhormoner</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-med-dic_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-med-dic-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hypotyreos kan uppkomma efter kraftiga fysiologiska rubbningar som <a href="/wiki/Graviditet" title="Graviditet">graviditet</a> (postpartum-tyroidit) och <a href="/wiki/Virussjukdomar" class="mw-redirect" title="Virussjukdomar">virussjukdomar</a>. Tillståndet kan också vara medfött (<a href="/wiki/Medf%C3%B6dd_hypotyreos" title="Medfödd hypotyreos">medfödd hypotyreos</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-nlm_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nlm-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Referensvärdena för sköldkörtelns hormoner baseras på normalfördelning, och vid utredning av någons ämnesomsättning måste detta tas i beaktande. Somliga ligger på gränsen till att definieras som hypotyroida, och har något som kallas subklinisk hypotyreos. Det är framför allt nivån av frisättningshormonet TSH som bestämmer huruvida tillståndet är subkliniskt, för vid tillståndet har personen som regel någorlunda normala nivåer ämnesomsättningshormon. Vissa personer med subklinisk hypotyreos lider av symptom på sjukdomen, andra inte.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Incidens_och_riskfaktorer">Incidens och riskfaktorer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Incidens och riskfaktorer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Incidens och riskfaktorer"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Risken att drabbas av hypotyreos är störst för medelålders eller äldre kvinnor. Dock kan alla drabbas, oavsett ålder och kön.<sup id="cite_ref-symp_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-symp-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Det är vanligast att insjukna någon månad efter graviditet eller efter 45 års ålder.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Andelen insjuknade för vuxna är ett par procent, och risken ökar med stigande ålder, i synnerhet efter <a href="/wiki/Klimakteriet" class="mw-redirect" title="Klimakteriet">klimakteriet</a> för kvinnor. Av alla konstaterade fall går det en man på 5-10 kvinnor. Ett barn per 3500 drabbas av medfödd hypotyreos.<sup id="cite_ref-netdok_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-netdok-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symptom">Symptom</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Symptom" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Symptom"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Struma_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Struma_001.jpg/250px-Struma_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Struma_001.jpg/375px-Struma_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Struma_001.jpg/500px-Struma_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1936" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Struma" title="Struma">Struma</a> betyder att sköldkörteln sväller upp och syns som en bulle på halsens nedre sida. Struma kan både vara ett symptom på hypotyreos och på dess motsats, <a href="/wiki/Giftstruma" title="Giftstruma">giftstruma</a>. Men vid vissa former hypotyreos blir sköldkörteln i stället tillbakabildad.</figcaption></figure> <p>Hypotyreos är en <a href="/wiki/Systemisk_sjukdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Systemisk sjukdom">systemisk sjukdom</a> eftersom ämnesomsättningen verkar i kroppens alla celler och organ. Sjukdomen är sällan påtaglig vid låggradig hypotyreos, men blir mera uttalad vid svåra fall. Ett vanligt tecken är oförklarlig <a href="/wiki/Vikt%C3%B6kning" title="Viktökning">viktökning</a> som inte beror på förändrad <a href="/wiki/Kosth%C3%A5llning" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosthållning">kosthållning</a>, eller mindre <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A4ning" title="Träning">träning</a> eller "vardagsmotion". Sådan viktökning uppkommer ofta så långsamt att personen inte tänker på det. <a href="/wiki/Fatigue" title="Fatigue">Allmän trötthet</a>, nedstämdhet, sämre <a href="/wiki/Minne" title="Minne">minne</a>, och mental eller intellektuell tröghet är andra vanliga tecken som uppkommer tidigt, men som ofta förväxlas med normala <a href="/wiki/%C3%85ldrande" title="Åldrande">åldersförändringar</a> (eftersom sjukdomen oftast uppstår under äldre år).<sup id="cite_ref-symp_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-symp-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Frusenhet är ett vanligt symptom.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Muskelv%C3%A4rk" class="mw-redirect" title="Muskelvärk">Musklerna kan värka</a>, personen kan känna sig stel och ha ledsmärtor. Kroppsfunktionerna blir långsammare, vilket eventuellt kan ge <a href="/wiki/Hypotermi" title="Hypotermi">hypotermi</a>, ger låg <a href="/wiki/Puls" title="Puls">puls</a> (se <a href="/wiki/Bradykardi" title="Bradykardi">bradykardi</a>), och personen kan bli hård i magen. Kvinnor kan få <a href="/wiki/Menstruationsst%C3%B6rningar" title="Menstruationsstörningar">längre och rikligare menstruation</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-nlm_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nlm-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> samt få <a href="/wiki/Infertilitet" class="mw-redirect" title="Infertilitet">svårare att bli gravida</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pat_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pat-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Män kan drabbas av infertilitet.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Huden blir torr, naglarna sköra och håret tunnare.<sup id="cite_ref-symp_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-symp-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den mentala påverkan innefattar inte bara tankeförmågan. Tillståndet ger ofta <a href="/wiki/Affektiva_st%C3%B6rningar" title="Affektiva störningar">affektiva symptom</a> i form av att personen <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A5t" title="Gråt">gråter</a> lättare och har svårare att uppleva glädje.<sup id="cite_ref-nlm_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nlm-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sänkt <a href="/wiki/Libido" title="Libido">libido</a> förekommer hos somliga.<sup id="cite_ref-pat_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pat-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Om hypotyreosen inte upptäcks och förvärras blir symptomen kraftigare. Huden kan förtjockas, talet uppfattas som långsamt, och <a href="/wiki/%C3%96gonbryn" title="Ögonbryn">ögonbrynen</a> bli kortare i sidled,<sup id="cite_ref-nlm_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nlm-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i synnerhet ut mot tinningarna (<a href="/wiki/Madarosis" title="Madarosis">madarosis</a>). Rösten kan också bli grov och hes.<sup id="cite_ref-pat_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pat-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Om jodbrist orsakar tillståndet har personen struma, förstorad sköldkörtel som ser ut som en bulle längst ner på halsen och på sidan eller sidorna. Även vid Hashimotos sjukdom förekommer struma, men det kan också ge <a href="/wiki/Atrofi" title="Atrofi">en förminskning</a> av sköldkörteln.<sup id="cite_ref-netdok_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-netdok-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Munproblem och <a href="/wiki/Tandsjukdomar" title="Tandsjukdomar">tandsjukdomar</a> vid hypotyreos innefattar försenad <a href="/wiki/Tandv%C3%A4xling" class="mw-redirect" title="Tandväxling">tandväxling</a> hos barn, förstorad tunga (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Makroglossi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makroglossi [inte skriven än]">makroglossi</a>), förändrad smakupplevelse (<a href="/wiki/Dysgeusi" class="mw-redirect" title="Dysgeusi">dysgeusi</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tunn emalj, och underutvecklad käke (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrognatism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikrognatism [inte skriven än]">mikrognatism</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hypotyreos_hos_barn">Hypotyreos hos barn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Hypotyreos hos barn" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Hypotyreos hos barn"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nyfödda kan ha hypotyreos till exempel när de föds helt utan, eller med dåligt fungerande, sköldkörtel. Hypotyreos kan dessutom sedan utvecklas under barndomen precis som hos vuxna. Medfödd hypotyreos kan ge sig till känna som <a href="/wiki/Gulsot" title="Gulsot">gulsot</a>. </p><p>Barn med hypotyreos har sämre <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A4ngdtillv%C3%A4xt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Längdtillväxt [inte skriven än]">längdtillväxt</a> och är sena i utvecklingen, såväl <a href="/wiki/Puberteten" class="mw-redirect" title="Puberteten">puberteten</a> som intellektuellt. Utvecklingen av <a href="/wiki/Permanenta_t%C3%A4nder" title="Permanenta tänder">permanenta tänder</a> är försenad. Hos riktigt små barn kan huden och ögonvitororna anta en gulaktig ton (på grund av <a href="/wiki/Hyperbilirubinemi" title="Hyperbilirubinemi">hyperbilirubinemi</a>), barnet kan ha kvävningskänslor, förstorad tunga, och pluffigt ansikte.<sup id="cite_ref-symp_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-symp-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Subklinisk hypotyreos är ett förhållandevis vanligt tillstånd hos barn. Ofta går tillståndet över utan behandling, och det ger sällan påverkan på pubertetstart eller längdtillväxt. Kortvuxna barn med subklinisk hypotyreos som behandlas får ofta en tillväxtspurt, men deras kognitiva förmågor påverkas sällan av behandling. Därför brukar man avvakta med behandling, trots att tillståndet är vanligt. Behandling sätts bara in om tillståndet antas förvärra ett annat medicinskt problem.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Myxödem"><span id="Myx.C3.B6dem"></span>Myxödem</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Myxödem" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Myxödem"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:PSM_V51_D499_Myxoedema_before_and_after_treatment.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/PSM_V51_D499_Myxoedema_before_and_after_treatment.png/250px-PSM_V51_D499_Myxoedema_before_and_after_treatment.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/PSM_V51_D499_Myxoedema_before_and_after_treatment.png/375px-PSM_V51_D499_Myxoedema_before_and_after_treatment.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/PSM_V51_D499_Myxoedema_before_and_after_treatment.png/500px-PSM_V51_D499_Myxoedema_before_and_after_treatment.png 2x" data-file-width="1685" data-file-height="1093" /></a><figcaption>Allvarlig eller långvarig hypotyreos kan yttra sig i myxödem, som innebär att huden sväller upp, i synnerhet i ansiktet och händerna. Till vänster ovan en bild på en kvinna med myxödem, och till höger samma kvinna efter att behandling för hypotyreos satts in.</figcaption></figure> <p>Myxödem är symptom på obehandlad hypotyreos och är numera ovanligt. Innan kopplingen mellan myxödem och hypotyreos fastställdes, användes begreppet som om en separat sjukdom. Namnet kommer från grekiskans <i>myfxa</i>, vilket betyder "slem". </p><p>Myxödem yttrar sig genom <a href="/wiki/Hud" title="Hud">hudförändringar</a>, då det ansamlas en homogen-gelatinös, <a href="/wiki/Mucin" title="Mucin">mucinhaltig</a> massa mellan fibrillerna i hudens <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bindv%C3%A4vnad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bindvävnad [inte skriven än]">bindvävnad</a>. Detta leder till att huden blir svullen, spänd och fast (<a href="/wiki/%C3%96dem" title="Ödem">ödem</a>). Hudförändringarna uppträder huvudsakligen i ansiktet, samt på halsen men det är också vanligt att överarmarna och anklarna drabbas. Den myxödematösa svullnaden kan därifrån sprida sig till bålen och extremiteterna, och starkt påverka händer och fötter. Även inre delar, till exempel slemhinnorna i munhåla och luftstrupe, kan påverkas. Detta kan jämföras med <a href="/wiki/Pretibialt_myx%C3%B6dem" title="Pretibialt myxödem">pretibialt myxödem</a> som sporadiskt uppkommer vid giftstruma. </p><p>I samband med myxödem uppträder ofta förändringar i <a href="/wiki/Svett" class="mw-redirect" title="Svett">svett</a>- och <a href="/wiki/Talgk%C3%B6rtel" title="Talgkörtel">talgkörtelproduktionen</a>, så att denna avtar eller helt avstannar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Komplikationer">Komplikationer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Komplikationer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Komplikationer"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Om en person med obehandlad hypotyreos utsätts för svår fysisk stress, till exempel <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ld" class="mw-redirect" title="Köld">köld</a>, <a href="/wiki/Infektioner" class="mw-redirect" title="Infektioner">infektioner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kirurgi" title="Kirurgi">kirurgi</a>, kan personen få så kallad myxödemkoma. Detta är ett akut tillstånd med <a href="/wiki/Bradykardi" title="Bradykardi">bradykardi</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A5gt_blodtryck" class="mw-redirect" title="Lågt blodtryck">lågt blodtryck</a>, minskad <a href="/wiki/Andningsfrekvens" title="Andningsfrekvens">andningsfrekvens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hypotermi" title="Hypotermi">för låg kroppstemperatur</a>, att personen <a href="/wiki/Medvetsl%C3%B6shet" class="mw-redirect" title="Medvetslöshet">inte är kontaktbar</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-nlm_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nlm-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Respiratorisk_acidos" class="mw-redirect" title="Respiratorisk acidos">respiratorisk acidos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medicinsk_chock" class="mw-redirect" title="Medicinsk chock">medicinsk chock</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-BH_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BH-13"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> och cirkulationsproblem. Myxödemkoma kan ge <a href="/wiki/Delirium" title="Delirium">delirium</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Organisk_psykos" title="Organisk psykos">organisk psykos</a>. Diagnosen ställs vanligast när en medicinerad person slutar ta medicinen.<sup id="cite_ref-netdok_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-netdok-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Personer med hypotyreos kan drabbas av <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4rtsvikt" title="Hjärtsvikt">hjärtsvikt</a> och höga nivåer av <a href="/wiki/Kolesterol" title="Kolesterol">kolesterolet</a> <a href="/wiki/LDL" class="mw-redirect" title="LDL">LDL</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nlm_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nlm-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hyponatremi" title="Hyponatremi">Hyponatremi</a> förekommer vid hypotyreos, i synnerhet vid svåra fall som vid myxödem, och höga nivåer TSH sammanfaller med andra <a href="/wiki/Elektrolytrubbningar" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektrolytrubbningar">elektrolytrubbningar</a> som höga <a href="/wiki/Hyperfosfatemi" title="Hyperfosfatemi">nivåer fosfat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hyperkalcemi" title="Hyperkalcemi">förhöjt kalcium</a> och <a href="/wiki/Hypokalemi" title="Hypokalemi">hypokalemi</a>, dock utan att sammanfallet är absolut (relationen kan vara omvänd eller saknas). Sambandet blir tydligare vid svår hypotyreos.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hyperurikemi" title="Hyperurikemi">Hyperurikemi</a>, som är en markör för bland annat <a href="/wiki/Gikt" title="Gikt">gikt</a>, är förhållandevis vanligt, och uppkommer för att njurarna fungerar långsammare.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dock kan personer mera anekdotiskt också utveckla motsatsen, <a href="/wiki/Hypourikemi" title="Hypourikemi">hypourikemi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Samsjuklighet">Samsjuklighet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Samsjuklighet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&action=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Samsjuklighet"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Autoimmuna sjukdomar ökar risken för andra autoimmuna sjukdomar. </p><p>Hypotyreos innebär att kroppen fungerar långsammare. Detta gäller också <a href="/wiki/Hormonk%C3%B6rtlar" class="mw-redirect" title="Hormonkörtlar">hormonkörtlarnas</a> aktivitet, dock beror hormonnivåer också på olika feedbackmekanismer mellan hormoner. Det är vanligare med <a href="/wiki/Metabolt_syndrom" title="Metabolt syndrom">metabolt syndrom</a>, och därmed förhöjd kardiovaskulär risk,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> att mindre mängd <a href="/wiki/Kortisol" title="Kortisol">kortisol</a> bildas och halveringstiden ökar, nivåerna <a href="/wiki/Aldosteron" title="Aldosteron">aldosteron</a> och <a href="/wiki/Renin" title="Renin">renin</a> minskar.<sup id="cite_ref-Gordon,_GARY_G._1977_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gordon,_GARY_G._1977-18"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sköldkörteln har <a href="/wiki/%C3%96strogenreceptorer" title="Östrogenreceptorer">receptorer för östrogen</a>, och samverkan mellan <a href="/wiki/%C3%96stradiol" title="Östradiol">östradiol</a> och sköldkörtelhormoner är mångfaldiga. Hypotyreos kan troligen störa östrogencykeln under menstruationscykeln och möjligen <a href="/wiki/Oogenes" title="Oogenes">oogenesen</a> hos kvinnor, i så fall möjligen genom minskad sekretion av <a href="/wiki/Luteiniserande_hormon" title="Luteiniserande hormon">luteiniserande hormon</a>. <a href="/wiki/Galaktorr%C3%A9" title="Galaktorré">Galaktorré</a> förekommer, som resultat av högre nivåer <a href="/wiki/Prolaktin" title="Prolaktin">prolaktin</a> och prolaktinet sänker nivåerna av <a href="/wiki/Gonadotropinfris%C3%A4ttande_hormon" title="Gonadotropinfrisättande hormon">gonadotropinfrisättande hormon</a> (jämför <a href="/wiki/Hypogonadotropism" title="Hypogonadotropism">hypogonadotropism</a>). Produktionen av <a href="/wiki/%C3%96strogen" title="Östrogen">östrogen</a> minskar och frekvensen <a href="/wiki/Anovulation" title="Anovulation">anovulation</a> ökar.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Män med hypotyreos kan få <a href="/wiki/Testosteronbrist" class="mw-redirect" title="Testosteronbrist">testosteronbrist</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> medan <a href="/wiki/Clearance" title="Clearance">clearance</a>-nivåerna av <a href="/wiki/Testosteron" title="Testosteron">testosteron</a> i plasma för båda könen ökar med en ökad omvandling till <a href="/wiki/Androstenedion" class="mw-redirect" title="Androstenedion">androstenedion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gordon,_GARY_G._1977_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gordon,_GARY_G._1977-18"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Utredning">Utredning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitt: Utredning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&action=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Utredning"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Thyroid_system.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Thyroid_system.png/250px-Thyroid_system.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Thyroid_system.png/375px-Thyroid_system.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Thyroid_system.png/500px-Thyroid_system.png 2x" data-file-width="613" data-file-height="712" /></a><figcaption>Ämnesomsättningen styrs av flera hormoner som ha ett <a href="/wiki/Homeostas" title="Homeostas">homeostatiskt förhållande</a> till varandra, varmed de påverkar varandras utsöndring och nivåer. Sköldkörtelns hormoner T4 och T3 utsöndras med <a href="/wiki/Negativ_feedback" class="mw-redirect" title="Negativ feedback">negativ feedback</a> på hypofyshormonet <a href="/wiki/TSH" class="mw-redirect" title="TSH">TSH</a>, som i sin tur reagerar på nivåerna T4 och T3 samt på hormonet <a href="/wiki/TRH" class="mw-redirect" title="TRH">TRH</a>. TRH och TSH verkar bara genom frisättning av hormoner. T4 och T3 verkar däremot i kroppen.</figcaption></figure> <p>Förhöjt <a href="/wiki/Tyreoideastimulerande_hormon" title="Tyreoideastimulerande hormon">TSH</a> i kombination med lågt <a href="/wiki/Tyroxin" title="Tyroxin">fritt T4</a> ses vid primär hypotyreos. <a href="/wiki/Subklinisk" title="Subklinisk">Subklinisk</a> hypotyreos visat förhöjt TSH men normala värden av T4. Samma bilder kan uppkomma till följd av sjukdomar som bara tillfälligt och indirekt påverkar ämnesomsättningen, <a href="/wiki/Euthyroid-sick_syndromes" title="Euthyroid-sick syndromes">euthyroid-sick syndromes</a>, så om blodprov en gång visar typiska tecken på hypotyreos måste blodprovet göras om innan diagnosen ställs.<sup id="cite_ref-BH_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BH-13"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vid autoimmunitet (Hashimotos sjukdom) finns <a href="/wiki/Autoantikroppar" title="Autoantikroppar">autoantikroppar</a> i blodet.<sup id="cite_ref-netdok_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-netdok-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behandling">Behandling</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Redigera avsnitt: Behandling" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&action=edit&section=9" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Behandling"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Den som har hypotyreos får vanligen livslång hormonbehandling med syntetiskt sköldkörtelhormon (<a href="/wiki/Levotyroxin" title="Levotyroxin">levotyroxin</a>, T4). Vid hypotyreos som följd av fullständig förlust av sköldkörteln är behandlingen alltid livslång. Den äldre typen av behandling med hormon framställt från svin förekommer ännu,<sup id="cite_ref-doi:10.1210/jc.2006-0448_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-doi:10.1210/jc.2006-0448-21"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i Sverige dock endast på licens och i liten skala.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-22"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amerikanska riktlinjer från 2012 och 2014 avråder från kombinationsbehandling med T3, liotyronin, inklusive svinhormon, på grund av brist på <a href="/wiki/Evidens" class="mw-redirect" title="Evidens">evidens</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hormonnivåerna i kroppen blir mer förutsägbara med syntetiskt hormon.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-22"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Efter det att medicin satts in kan symptomen finnas kvar, eftersom hypotyreos fortfarande kan vara verksam i vävnaderna, oavsett hur mycket hormoner som cirkulerar i blodet. Vissa personer får därför medicin i så hög dos att blodprov visar att de har mild <a href="/wiki/Hypertyreos" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypertyreos">hypertyreos</a>, vilket dock ökar risken för bland annat <a href="/wiki/Osteoporos" class="mw-redirect" title="Osteoporos">osteoporos</a> och <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rmaksflimmer" title="Förmaksflimmer">förmaksflimmer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BH_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BH-13"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&action=edit&section=10" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-med-dic-1">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-med-dic_1-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-med-dic_1-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-med-dic_1-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-med-dic_1-3"><small>d</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Hypothyreosis">http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Hypothyreosis</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-netdok-2">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-netdok_2-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-netdok_2-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-netdok_2-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-netdok_2-3"><small>d</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-netdok_2-4"><small>e</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.netdoktorpro.se/endokrinologi/medicinska-oversikter/hypotyreos_0">http://www.netdoktorpro.se/endokrinologi/medicinska-oversikter/hypotyreos_0</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pat-3">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-pat_3-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pat_3-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pat_3-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pat_3-3"><small>d</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130828201146/http://www.patient.co.uk/health/hypothyroidism-underactive-thyroid">”Arkiverade kopian”</a>. 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Läst 20 augusti 2013</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Arkiverade+kopian&rft.atitle=&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20130828201146%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.patient.co.uk%2Fhealth%2Fhypothyroidism-underactive-thyroid&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Hypotyreos"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nlm-4">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-nlm_4-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nlm_4-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nlm_4-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nlm_4-3"><small>d</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nlm_4-4"><small>e</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nlm_4-5"><small>f</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000353.htm">http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000353.htm</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140912163138/http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/subclinical-hypothyroidism">”Arkiverade kopian”</a>. 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Läst 12 september 2014</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Arkiverade+kopian&rft.atitle=&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20140912163138%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.patient.co.uk%2Fdoctor%2Fsubclinical-hypothyroidism&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Hypotyreos"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-symp-6">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-symp_6-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-symp_6-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-symp_6-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-symp_6-3"><small>d</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hypothyroidism/DS00353/DSECTION=symptoms">http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hypothyroidism/DS00353/DSECTION=symptoms</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.internetmedicin.se/page.aspx?id=702">http://www.internetmedicin.se/page.aspx?id=702</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://umm.edu/health/medical/reports/articles/hypothyroidism">http://umm.edu/health/medical/reports/articles/hypothyroidism</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140322094143/http://www.thyroid.ca/pregnancy_fertility.php#">”Arkiverade kopian”</a>. 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Läst 3 november 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Rekord+f%C3%B6r+hormon+fr%C3%A5n+svinsk%C3%B6ldk%C3%B6rtel&rft.atitle=L%C3%A4kemedelsV%C3%A4rlden&rft.aulast=Helene+Wallsk%C3%A4r&rft.au=Helene+Wallsk%C3%A4r&rft.date=10+juni+2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lakemedelsvarlden.se%2Fforskrivning-av-hormon-fran-svinskoldkortel%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Hypotyreos"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFGarberCobinGharibHennessey2012-12">Garber, Jeffrey R.; Cobin, Rhoda H.; Gharib, Hossein; Hennessey, James V.; Klein, Irwin; Mechanick, Jeffrey I. (2012-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22954017">”Clinical practice guidelines for hypothyroidism in adults: cosponsored by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American Thyroid Association”</a>. <i>Thyroid: Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association</i> 22 (12): sid. 1200–1235. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1089%2Fthy.2012.0205">10.1089/thy.2012.0205</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1557-9077">1557-9077</a>. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22954017?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:22954017">PMID 22954017</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22954017">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22954017</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 15 december 2018</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Clinical+practice+guidelines+for+hypothyroidism+in+adults%3A+cosponsored+by+the+American+Association+of+Clinical+Endocrinologists+and+the+American+Thyroid+Association&rft.jtitle=Thyroid%3A+Official+Journal+of+the+American+Thyroid+Association&rft.aulast=Garber&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey+R.&rft.au=Garber%2C+Jeffrey+R.&rft.au=Cobin%2C+Rhoda+H.&rft.au=Gharib%2C+Hossein&rft.au=Hennessey%2C+James+V.&rft.au=Klein%2C+Irwin&rft.au=Mechanick%2C+Jeffrey+I.&rft.date=2012-12&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B1200%E2%80%931235&rft_id=info:doi/10.1089%2Fthy.2012.0205&rft_id=info:pmid/22954017&rft.issn=1557-9077&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpubmed%2F22954017&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Hypotyreos"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFJonklaasBiancoBauerBurman2014-12">Jonklaas, Jacqueline; Bianco, Antonio C.; Bauer, Andrew J.; Burman, Kenneth D.; Cappola, Anne R.; Celi, Francesco S. (2014-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25266247">”Guidelines for the treatment of hypothyroidism: prepared by the american thyroid association task force on thyroid hormone replacement”</a>. <i>Thyroid: Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association</i> 24 (12): sid. 1670–1751. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1089%2Fthy.2014.0028">10.1089/thy.2014.0028</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1557-9077">1557-9077</a>. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25266247?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:25266247">PMID 25266247</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4267409">4267409</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25266247">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25266247</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 24 april 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Guidelines+for+the+treatment+of+hypothyroidism%3A+prepared+by+the+american+thyroid+association+task+force+on+thyroid+hormone+replacement&rft.jtitle=Thyroid%3A+Official+Journal+of+the+American+Thyroid+Association&rft.aulast=Jonklaas&rft.aufirst=Jacqueline&rft.au=Jonklaas%2C+Jacqueline&rft.au=Bianco%2C+Antonio+C.&rft.au=Bauer%2C+Andrew+J.&rft.au=Burman%2C+Kenneth+D.&rft.au=Cappola%2C+Anne+R.&rft.au=Celi%2C+Francesco+S.&rft.date=2014-12&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B1670%E2%80%931751&rft_id=info:doi/10.1089%2Fthy.2014.0028&rft_id=info:pmid/25266247&rft.issn=1557-9077&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F25266247&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Hypotyreos"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreos&action=edit&section=11" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.1177.se/sjukdomar--besvar/hormoner/skoldkorteln/hypotyreos--brist-pa-skoldkortelhormon/">Hypotyreos – brist på sköldkörtelhormon</a> på 1177</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title a{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks a,.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks .selflink{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{background:#b0c4de}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background:#d0e0f5}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background:#deeafa}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background:transparent}</style><table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0; ;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table class="collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Endokrina_sjukdomar" title="Mall:Endokrina sjukdomar"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Endokrina_sjukdomar&action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Endokrina_sjukdomar" title="Endokrina sjukdomar">Endokrina sjukdomar</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%B6ldk%C3%B6rtel" title="Sköldkörtel">Sköldkörtel</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Struma" title="Struma">Struma</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hypotyreos</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Jodbrist" title="Jodbrist">Jodbrist</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kretinism" title="Kretinism">Kretinism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Medf%C3%B6dd_hypotyreos" title="Medfödd hypotyreos">Medfödd hypotyreos</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Giftstruma" title="Giftstruma">Giftstruma</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Graves_sjukdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Graves sjukdom">Graves sjukdom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Toxisk_multinodul%C3%A4r_struma" title="Toxisk multinodulär struma">Toxisk multinodulär struma</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Struma_ovarii" title="Struma ovarii">Struma ovarii</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%B6ldk%C3%B6rtelinflammation" title="Sköldkörtelinflammation">Sköldkörtelinflammation</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=De_Quervains_sjukdom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De Quervains sjukdom [inte skriven än]">De Quervains sjukdom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hashimotos_sjukdom" title="Hashimotos sjukdom">Hashimotos sjukdom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Euthyroid-sick_syndromes" title="Euthyroid-sick syndromes">Euthyroid-sick syndromes</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Bukspottk%C3%B6rtel" title="Bukspottkörtel">Bukspottkörtel</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Diabetes" title="Diabetes">Diabetes mellitus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Typ_1-diabetes" title="Typ 1-diabetes">Typ 1-diabetes</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Typ_2-diabetes" title="Typ 2-diabetes">Typ 2-diabetes</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Graviditetsdiabetes" title="Graviditetsdiabetes">Graviditetsdiabetes</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> Diabeteskomplikationer (<a href="/wiki/Diabeteskoma" title="Diabeteskoma">Diabeteskoma</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Angiopati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angiopati [inte skriven än]">Angiopati</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ketoacidos" title="Ketoacidos">Ketoacidos</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Diabetesnefropati" title="Diabetesnefropati">Diabetesnefropati</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diabetesneuropati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diabetesneuropati [inte skriven än]">Diabetesneuropati</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Diabetesretinopati" class="mw-redirect" title="Diabetesretinopati">Diabetesretinopati</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hypoglykemi" title="Hypoglykemi">Hypoglykemi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hyperglykemi" title="Hyperglykemi">Hyperglykemi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hyperinsulinism" title="Hyperinsulinism">Hyperinsulinism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nesidioblastos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nesidioblastos [inte skriven än]">Nesidioblastos</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Zollinger-Ellisons_syndrom" title="Zollinger-Ellisons syndrom">Zollinger-Ellisons syndrom</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Bisk%C3%B6ldk%C3%B6rtel" class="mw-redirect" title="Bisköldkörtel">Bisköldkörtel</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hypoparatyreos" title="Hypoparatyreos">Hypoparatyreos</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudohypoparatyreos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudohypoparatyreos [inte skriven än]">Pseudohypoparatyreos</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hyperparatyreos" title="Hyperparatyreos">Hyperparatyreos</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Prim%C3%A4r_hyperparatyreos" class="mw-redirect" title="Primär hyperparatyreos">Primär hyperparatyreos</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sekund%C3%A4r_hyperparatyreos" title="Sekundär hyperparatyreos">Sekundär hyperparatyreos</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Terti%C3%A4r_hyperparatyreos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tertiär hyperparatyreos [inte skriven än]">Tertiär hyperparatyreos</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Hypofys" title="Hypofys">Hypofys</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hyperfunktion_av_hypofysen" title="Hyperfunktion av hypofysen">Hyperfunktion av hypofysen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Akromegali" title="Akromegali">Akromegali</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hyperprolaktinemi" title="Hyperprolaktinemi">Hyperprolaktinemi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Inadekvat_ADH-sekretion" title="Inadekvat ADH-sekretion">Inadekvat ADH-sekretion</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hypofysinsufficiens" title="Hypofysinsufficiens">Hypofysinsufficiens</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sheehans_syndrom" title="Sheehans syndrom">Sheehans syndrom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kallmanns_syndrom" title="Kallmanns syndrom">Kallmanns syndrom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simmonds_sjukdom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simmonds sjukdom [inte skriven än]">Simmonds sjukdom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Tillv%C3%A4xthormonbrist" title="Tillväxthormonbrist">Tillväxthormonbrist</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hypogonadotropism" title="Hypogonadotropism">Hypogonadotropism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Diabetes_insipidus" title="Diabetes insipidus">Diabetes insipidus</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotalamisk_dysfunktion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hypotalamisk dysfunktion [inte skriven än]">Hypotalamisk dysfunktion</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Binjure" title="Binjure">Binjure</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Cushings_syndrom" title="Cushings syndrom">Cushings syndrom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelsons_syndrom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nelsons syndrom [inte skriven än]">Nelsons syndrom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudo-Cushings_syndrom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudo-Cushings syndrom [inte skriven än]">Pseudo-Cushings syndrom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Medf%C3%B6dd_binjurehyperplasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medfödd binjurehyperplasi [inte skriven än]">Medfödd binjurehyperplasi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hyperaldosteronism" title="Hyperaldosteronism">Hyperaldosteronism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Conns_syndrom" class="mw-redirect" title="Conns syndrom">Conns syndrom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bartters_syndrom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bartters syndrom [inte skriven än]">Bartters syndrom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Binjureinsufficiens" title="Binjureinsufficiens">Binjureinsufficiens</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Addisons_sjukdom" title="Addisons sjukdom">Addisons sjukdom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypoaldosteronism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hypoaldosteronism [inte skriven än]">Hypoaldosteronism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Feokromocytom" title="Feokromocytom">Feokromocytom</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nsk%C3%B6rtel" title="Könskörtel">Könskörtel</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hypogonadism" title="Hypogonadism">Hypogonadism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a 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