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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Zonde" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Zonde" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Zonde" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" 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class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Religieus_gebruik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religieus_gebruik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Religieus gebruik</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Religieus_gebruik-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Religieus gebruik-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Religieus_gebruik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Jodendom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jodendom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Jodendom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jodendom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Christendom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Christendom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Christendom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Christendom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Islam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zie_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zie_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Zie ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zie_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bronnen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bronnen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bronnen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bronnen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Zonde</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 96 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-96" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">96 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dausa" title="Dausa – Atjehs" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Dausa" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Atjehs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonde" title="Sonde – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sonde" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%A9" title="خطيئة – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خطيئة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pec%C3%A1u" title="Pecáu – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Pecáu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jucha" title="Jucha – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Jucha" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCnah" title="Günah – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Günah" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grieks" title="Grieks – Samogitisch" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Grieks" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasalan" title="Kasalan – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kasalan" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%85" title="Грэх – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Грэх" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%85" title="Грэх – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Грэх" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%85" title="Грях – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Грях" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA" title="পাপ – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পাপ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pec%27hed" title="Pec'hed – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Pec'hed" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D2%AF%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Нүгэл – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Нүгэл" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pecat" title="Pecat – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pecat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%99%C3%ADch" title="Hřích – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hřích" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%A3%D1%85%D1%8A" title="Грѣхъ – Kerkslavisch" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Грѣхъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Kerkslavisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pechod" title="Pechod – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pechod" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synd" title="Synd – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Synd" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCnde" title="Sünde – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sünde" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Αμαρτία – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αμαρτία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sin" title="Sin – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sin" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peko_(religio)" title="Peko (religio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Peko (religio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pecado" title="Pecado – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pecado" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patt" title="Patt – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Patt" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bekatu" title="Bekatu – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bekatu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%87" title="گناه – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گناه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synti" title="Synti – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Synti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9ch%C3%A9" title="Péché – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Péché" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacadh" title="Peacadh – Schots-Gaelisch" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Peacadh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Schots-Gaelisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pecado" title="Pecado – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pecado" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%86%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%85%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B7%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8D%83" title="𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌷𐍄𐍃 – Gothisch" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌷𐍄𐍃" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%98%D7%90" title="חטא – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חטא" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA" title="पाप – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पाप" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grijeh" title="Grijeh – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Grijeh" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C5%B1n" title="Bűn – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bűn" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%B2%D6%84_(%D5%AF%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6)" title="Մեղք (կրոնական) – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մեղք (կրոնական)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peccato" title="Peccato – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Peccato" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dosa" title="Dosa – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dosa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peko" title="Peko – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Peko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peccato" title="Peccato – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Peccato" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E3%81%AB%E3%81%8A%E3%81%91%E3%82%8B%E7%BD%AA" title="宗教における罪 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="宗教における罪" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AA" title="ಪಾಪ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪಾಪ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A3%84" title="죄 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="죄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%84%D9%86%D8%A7%DB%81" title="گۄناہ – Kasjmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="گۄناہ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kasjmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guneh" title="Guneh – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Guneh" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D0%BD%D3%A9%D3%A9" title="Күнөө – Kirgizisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Күнөө" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peccatum" title="Peccatum – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Peccatum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zung" title="Zung – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zung" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pecad" title="Pecad – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Pecad" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuod%C4%97m%C4%97" title="Nuodėmė – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nuodėmė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C4%93ks" title="Grēks – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Grēks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahotana" title="Fahotana – Malagassisch" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fahotana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagassisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%82" title="പാപം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പാപം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dosa" title="Dosa – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Dosa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ونا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ونا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA" title="पाप – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="पाप" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synd" title="Synd – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Synd" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synd" title="Synd – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Synd" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pecat" title="Pecat – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pecat" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AA" title="ਪਾਪ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪਾਪ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grzech" title="Grzech – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Grzech" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%A7%DB%81" title="گناہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گناہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pecado" title="Pecado – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pecado" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hucha" title="Hucha – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Hucha" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%83cat" title="Păcat – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Păcat" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85" title="Грех – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Грех" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%A3%D1%85" title="Грѣх – Roetheens" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Грѣх" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Roetheens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8B%D1%8B" title="Аньыы – Jakoets" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Аньыы" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakoets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piccatu" title="Piccatu – Siciliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Piccatu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Siciliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sin" title="Sin – Schots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sin" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grijeh" title="Grijeh – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Grijeh" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sin" title="Sin – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sin" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hriech" title="Hriech – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hriech" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greh" title="Greh – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Greh" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitadzo" title="Chitadzo – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chitadzo" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ABkati" title="Mëkati – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mëkati" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85" title="Грех – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Грех" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synd" title="Synd – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Synd" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhambi" title="Dhambi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Dhambi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பாவம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பாவம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BE%D2%B3_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D2%9B%D2%B3)" title="Гуноҳ (фиқҳ) – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гуноҳ (фиқҳ)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9B" title="บาป – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บาป" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasalanan" title="Kasalanan – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kasalanan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCnah" title="Günah – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Günah" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6nah" title="Gönah – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Gönah" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%96%D1%85" title="Гріх – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гріх" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%A7%DB%81" title="گناہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گناہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunoh" title="Gunoh – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gunoh" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pec%C3%A0" title="Pecà – Venetiaans" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Pecà" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%99i_l%E1%BB%97i" title="Tội lỗi – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tội lỗi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasala" title="Kasala – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kasala" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%AA%EF%BC%88%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%EF%BC%89" title="罪（宗教） – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="罪（宗教）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%93" title="זינד – Jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="זינד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%AA_(%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99)" title="罪 (宗教) – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="罪 (宗教)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%AA_(%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99)" title="罪 (宗教) – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="罪 (宗教)" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Uiterlijk</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Doorverwezen vanaf <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zonde_(religie)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Zonde (religie)">Zonde (religie)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><div id="sjabloon_zie_artikel" class="hatnote" style="padding:0.5em; margin-bottom:0.5em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Voor het gelijknamige lied, zie <a href="/wiki/Zonde_(lied)" title="Zonde (lied)">Zonde (lied)</a></i> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Blake_The_Blasphemer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Blake_The_Blasphemer.jpg/260px-Blake_The_Blasphemer.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Blake_The_Blasphemer.jpg/390px-Blake_The_Blasphemer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Blake_The_Blasphemer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="455" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption><i>De <a href="/wiki/Godslastering" title="Godslastering">godslasteraar</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">William Blake</a>, ca. 1800</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Zonde</b> is in <a href="/wiki/Religie" title="Religie">religieuze</a> zin het overtreden van een wet binnen het <a href="/wiki/Goddelijk_recht" title="Goddelijk recht">goddelijk recht</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Welke handeling een zonde is, verschilt per geloofssysteem. </p><p>In dagelijks spraakgebruik betekent zonde een handeling die in het algemeen als fout wordt beschouwd in de zin van immoreel, zelfzuchtig, schadelijk of schandelijk, zonder verband met een <a href="/wiki/Theologie" title="Theologie">theologische</a> uitspraak. Het kan ook trivialiserend worden gebruikt, zoals het overtreden van een <a href="/wiki/Dieet" title="Dieet">dieetvoorschrift</a> ('zonde tegen de lijn') of van de verkeersregels ('parkeerzonde'). Ook wordt er wel gezegd "Dat is zonde" als synoniem voor "Dat is jammer". </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religieus_gebruik">Religieus gebruik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zonde&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Religieus gebruik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zonde&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Religieus gebruik"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In de <a href="/wiki/Abrahamitische_religies" title="Abrahamitische religies">abrahamitische religies</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jodendom" title="Jodendom">jodendom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">christendom</a> en <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islam</a>) impliceert de term een verwijdering van en <a href="/wiki/Belediging" title="Belediging">belediging</a> van <a href="/wiki/God_(monothe%C3%AFsme)" title="God (monotheïsme)">God</a>.<sup class="noprint nopopups"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bronvermelding#Bron_gevraagd" title="Wikipedia:Bronvermelding"><span title="Voor deze uitspraak is sinds 17 januari 2023 een bronvermelding gewenst.">[bron?]</span></a></sup> In het <a href="/wiki/Hindoe%C3%AFsme" title="Hindoeïsme">hindoeïsme</a> en andere <a href="/wiki/Vedisch_Sanskriet" title="Vedisch Sanskriet">vedische</a> religies zijn zonden handelingen die het <a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">karma</a> negatief beïnvloeden. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jodendom">Jodendom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zonde&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Jodendom" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zonde&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Jodendom"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De <a href="/wiki/Hebreeuwse_Bijbel" title="Hebreeuwse Bijbel">Hebreeuwse Bijbel</a> bevat geen duidelijke uitspraak over het zondige karakter van de mens, hoewel hij uitspraken bevat die erop wijzen dat de mens een aangeboren neiging tot zondigen heeft (<a href="/wiki/Psalmen" title="Psalmen">Psalm</a> 51:7; <a href="/wiki/Genesis_(boek)" title="Genesis (boek)">Genesis</a> 6:5; 8:21). Pas in het <a href="/wiki/Apocriefen_van_het_Oude_Testament" title="Apocriefen van het Oude Testament">apocriefe</a> <a href="/wiki/Wijsheid_van_Jezus_Sirach" title="Wijsheid van Jezus Sirach">Sirach</a> 25:29 (ca. 180 v.Chr.) wordt de "oerzonde" uit Genesis 3 (in het christendom: de <a href="/wiki/Zondeval" title="Zondeval">zondeval</a>) als het begin van het zondigen genoemd en gezien als oorzaak waardoor allen sterven. Daarnaast zijn er uitspraken dat alle mensen zondig zijn (<a href="/wiki/Job_(boek)" title="Job (boek)">Job</a> 4:17-19; 14:4; 15:14; 25:4; <a href="/wiki/1_en_2_Koningen" title="1 en 2 Koningen">1 Koningen</a> 8:46; <a href="/wiki/Jesaja_(boek)" title="Jesaja (boek)">Jesaja</a> 9:7; 64:5; <a href="/wiki/Jeremia_(boek)" title="Jeremia (boek)">Jeremia</a> 5:1-5; 25:4f; <a href="/wiki/Prediker_(boek)" title="Prediker (boek)">Prediker</a> 7:20; Sirach 8:5; <a href="/wiki/Spreuken" title="Spreuken">Spreuken</a> 20:9; Psalm 14:3; 53:4; 130:3; 143:2), maar zijn daarop ook enkele uitzonderingen (Genesis 5:24; 6:9; Job 1:1; 2:3; 3:10; Jesaja 52:13-53:12). Hierop zijn de positieve uitspraken gebaseerd dat de mens in staat is de <a href="/wiki/Wet_van_Mozes" title="Wet van Mozes">wet van Mozes</a> te vervullen (<a href="/wiki/Deuteronomium" title="Deuteronomium">Deuteronomium</a> 30:11,14; Job 1:1,22; Psalm 1:1) en de loerende zonde meester te blijven (Genesis 4:7; Sirach 15:14-17). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Philo_van_Alexandri%C3%AB" title="Philo van Alexandrië">Philo van Alexandrië</a> verklaarde zondigen als de mensen aangeboren.<sup id="cite_ref-blinzler_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blinzler-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De <a href="/wiki/Rabbijnse_literatuur" title="Rabbijnse literatuur">rabbijnen</a> ontwikkelden later de leer dat de mens met zowel een goede als een slechte aard geschapen werd, waarmee zij het conflict tussen goed en kwaad op God zelf terugvoerden, zonder echter de mensen hun verantwoordelijkheid voor eigen handelen te ontnemen. De slechte aard is de individuele neiging tot zondigen.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vanaf het <a href="/wiki/Rabbijns_jodendom" title="Rabbijns jodendom">rabbijns jodendom</a> is een zonde een fout in het nakomen van de rabbijnse wetten (<i><a href="/wiki/Halacha" title="Halacha">halacha</a></i>). <a href="/wiki/Joden" title="Joden">Joden</a> kunnen boeten voor zonden. De <a href="/wiki/Liturgie" title="Liturgie">liturgie</a> van de ontzagwekkende dagen (<a href="/wiki/Rosj_Hasjana" title="Rosj Hasjana">Rosj Hasjana</a> en <a href="/wiki/Jom_Kipoer" title="Jom Kipoer">Jom Kipoer</a>) en de <a href="/wiki/Aseret_Jemei_Tesjoeva" class="mw-redirect" title="Aseret Jemei Tesjoeva">Aseret Jemei Tesjoeva</a> ertussen, verklaren door het <a href="/wiki/Gebed" title="Gebed">gebed</a>, het boete doen en <i><a href="/wiki/Tsedaka" title="Tsedaka">tsedaka</a></i>, het verplichte geven voor goede doelen (en in deze verschillend van de vrijwillige <a href="/wiki/Liefdadigheid" class="mw-redirect" title="Liefdadigheid">liefdadigheid</a>), zonden te kunnen herstellen. Boete doen wordt alleen zinvol geacht, indien vergezeld van een oprecht besluit op te houden met onaanvaardbare acties en zelfs dan alleen als acties om verontschuldigingen aan derden aan te bieden eerlijk worden ondernomen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Christendom">Christendom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zonde&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Christendom" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zonde&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Christendom"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Swart_register_van_duysent_sonden_door_Jacobus_Hondius_(1679).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Swart_register_van_duysent_sonden_door_Jacobus_Hondius_%281679%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="213" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="213" /></a><figcaption>Swart Register van duysent sonden door Jacobus Hondius (1679)</figcaption></figure> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Zonde_(christendom)" title="Zonde (christendom)">Zonde (christendom)</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>Zonde is een centraal begrip in het christendom dat wordt gedefinieerd als het overtreden van <a href="/wiki/God_(christendom)" title="God (christendom)">Gods</a> geboden en verboden, zoals vermeld in de <a href="/wiki/Bijbel_(christendom)" title="Bijbel (christendom)">Bijbel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Het <a href="/wiki/Nieuwe_Testament" title="Nieuwe Testament">Nieuwe Testament</a> staat voor een belangrijk deel in het teken van <a href="/wiki/Vergeving_(christendom)" title="Vergeving (christendom)">vergeving</a> van zonden, aangezien alle mensen zondig zijn, d.w.z.: zonden begaan, als gevolg van de <a href="/wiki/Zondeval" title="Zondeval">zondeval</a>. </p><p>Binnen de verschillende christelijke stromingen verschilt de interpretatie van welke daden zondig zijn en hoe zonden kunnen worden vergeven; zo kent men alleen binnen het <a href="/wiki/Katholicisme" title="Katholicisme">katholicisme</a> bijvoorbeeld de <a href="/wiki/Biecht" title="Biecht">biecht</a>. Bij alle stromingen staat echter centraal dat vergeving alleen mogelijk is door <a href="/wiki/Geloof_(religieus)#Geloof_in_het_christendom" title="Geloof (religieus)">geloof</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jezus_(traditioneel-christelijk)" title="Jezus (traditioneel-christelijk)">Jezus Christus</a>, het "<a href="/wiki/Agnus_Dei" title="Agnus Dei">lam van God</a>, dat de zonde van de <a href="/wiki/Wereld_(christendom)" title="Wereld (christendom)">wereld</a> wegneemt" (<a href="/wiki/Evangelie_volgens_Johannes" title="Evangelie volgens Johannes">Johannes</a> 1:29). </p><p>Het komt voor dat zonden naar gradaties worden ingedeeld. Zo noemt <a href="/wiki/Eerste_brief_van_Johannes" title="Eerste brief van Johannes">1 Johannes</a> 5:16-17 een bijzondere categorie, de zogeheten <a href="/wiki/Doodzonde" title="Doodzonde">doodzonde</a>: "zonde die tot de dood leidt". Welke zonde hij daarmee precies bedoelde, schreef hij niet, maar blijkbaar gaat het hierbij om die zonde waarbij men God definitief de rug toekeert. Men verliest dan het 'genadeleven' en is dus als het ware <a href="/wiki/Geestelijke_dood" title="Geestelijke dood">geestelijk dood</a>. </p><p>Een andere categorie vormen de zeven <a href="/wiki/Hoofdzonde" title="Hoofdzonde">hoofdzonden</a>: hoogmoed, hebzucht, lust, jaloezie, onmatigheid, wraak en luiheid; dit zijn echter in theologische zin geen zonden, maar <a href="/wiki/Karakter_(aard)" title="Karakter (aard)">karaktereigenschappen</a> waaruit zonde kan voortvloeien. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Islam">Islam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zonde&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Islam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zonde&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Islam"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Binnen de islam zijn sommige zonden ernstiger dan andere zonden. Hoe ernstiger de zonde, hoe groter de kans is om op de <a href="/wiki/Qiyamah" title="Qiyamah">Dag des oordeels</a> naar de <a href="/wiki/Hel_(geloofsconcept)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hel (geloofsconcept)">hel</a> te worden gestuurd. Doordat <a href="/wiki/Moslim" title="Moslim">moslims</a> het aardse leven als een voorspel zien op het leven na de dood, is het onderscheid tussen minder ernstige en ernstige zonden zeer belangrijk.<sup id="cite_ref-Dummies_201_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dummies_201-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Een mogelijke indeling is:<sup id="cite_ref-Dummies_201_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dummies_201-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>de ergste zonde: het dienen van andere goden of andere zaken (<i><a href="/wiki/Shirk" class="mw-redirect" title="Shirk">shirk</a></i>) en het ongeloof in God (<i><a href="/wiki/Kafir" title="Kafir">kufr</a></i>), waarvoor geen vergeving zou bestaan. Indien God het vergeeft, zal het verblijf in de hel voor lange tijd zijn.</li> <li>de daarop volgende zonden zijn gericht tegen het leven, zoals <a href="/wiki/Moord" title="Moord">moord</a> en <a href="/wiki/Echtbreuk" title="Echtbreuk">overspel</a>. Mogelijkerwijs kan men na een bestraffing in het <a href="/wiki/Paradijs" title="Paradijs">paradijs</a> komen.</li> <li>hierna volgt het respectloos gedrag jegens de ouders (<a href="/wiki/Vader_(familie)" title="Vader (familie)">vader</a> en <a href="/wiki/Moeder" title="Moeder">moeder</a>) en het optreden als valse getuige als de grootste zonde.</li> <li>de vierde categorie zonden heeft betrekking op het onrechtmatig toe-eigenen van andermans eigendommen. Mogelijkerwijs kan men na een bestraffing in het <a href="/wiki/Paradijs" title="Paradijs">paradijs</a> komen.</li> <li>de laatste categorie zijn alle overige zonden, zoals roddelen, vloeken, schelden en liegen. De toegang tot het paradijs zou door deze zonden niet worden ontzegd. Zo is het bewust liegen om een (mensen)leven te kunnen redden wel geoorloofd.</li></ul> <p>In de <a href="/wiki/Koran" title="Koran">Koran</a> staan verschillende <a href="/wiki/Aya" title="Aya">ayaat</a> waarin de vergevingsgezindheid van God wordt aangetoond tegenover hen die berouw hebben van zonden, zoals <a href="/wiki/Soera_De_Koe" title="Soera De Koe">soera De Koe</a> 160 en <a href="/wiki/Soera_De_Vrouwen" title="Soera De Vrouwen">soera De Vrouwen</a> 110. Echter, de grootste zonde is het dienen van andere goden (<i><a href="/wiki/Shirk" class="mw-redirect" title="Shirk">shirk</a></i>), waarvoor geen vergeving zou bestaan. Deze zonde en zonden zonder berouw kunnen door God zwaar bestraft worden, zoals het volk van <a href="/wiki/Nuh_(profeet)" title="Nuh (profeet)">Nuh</a> in <a href="/wiki/Soera_Noach" title="Soera Noach">soera Noach</a> verdronken werd om hun zonden.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Soera_Al-Hidjr" title="Soera Al-Hidjr">Soera Al-Hidjr</a> belooft de hel voor de zondaars, waarbij op zeven verschillende niveaus kwellingen van uiteenlopende aard op de inwoners worden toegepast, naargelang de ernst van hun zonden. Het op een na laagste niveau zou voor de heidense ongelovigen zijn, het laagste niveau voor de huichelaars die hebben voorgewend met <a href="/wiki/Mohammed" title="Mohammed">Mohammed</a> te hebben samengewerkt. De moslims in het hoogste niveau zouden wellicht door de genade van God kunnen worden verlost.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Volgens <a href="/wiki/Oelema" class="mw-redirect" title="Oelema">islamitische theologen</a> zou Mohammed Goddelijke bescherming hebben gekregen tegen zonden.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Een traditie levert over dat twee mannen Mohammed in zijn jeugd bezochten, zijn borst opensneden, en de neiging tot menselijke zonden uit zijn hart wasten.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Desondanks was hij mens, waarbij hij mogelijkerwijs kleine fouten heeft gemaakt. De algemene consensus is dat hij geheel vrij was van zonde.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zonde&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zonde&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erfzonde" title="Erfzonde">Erfzonde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadd" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadd">Hadd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pekelzonde" title="Pekelzonde">Pekelzonde</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bronnen">Bronnen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zonde&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Bronnen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zonde&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Bronnen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170704101243/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/sin">Sin</a></i> in <i>Oxford living dictionaries</i>, Oxford University Press</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-blinzler-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-blinzler_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">J. Blinzler (1959): <i>Erbsünde</i>, in: LThK, 2e druk, III, pag. 965ff</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Philo van Alexandrië: <i>De vita Mosis</i> II.147; <i>De sacrificiis Abelis et Caini</i> 15; <i>De specialibus legibus</i> I.252</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">M. Theobald (1995): <i>Erbsünde, Erbsündenlehre I, Der Befund der Schrift</i>, in: LThK, 3e druk, III, pag. 743f</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">D. Vetter (1987): <i>Sünde. 1. Jüdisch</i>, in: <i>Lexikon religiöser Grundbegriffe. Judentum – Christentum – Islam</i>, Graz</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">D. Vetter (1987): <i>Ursünde. 1. Jüdisch</i>, in: <i>Lexikon religiöser Grundbegriffe. Judentum – Christentum – Islam</i>, Graz</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">K. Bieberstein / L. Bormann (2009): <i>Sünde</i>, in: <i>Sozialgeschichtliches Wörterbuch zur Bibel</i>, Gütersloh, pag. 570-573</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dummies_201-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Dummies_201_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dummies_201_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Islam voor Dummies</i>, Malcom Clark, Uitgeverij Addison Wesley, 2004, blz. 201, <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90-430-0845-1" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90-430-0845-1">ISBN 90-430-0845-1</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Islam, Personen en begrippen van A tot Z</i>, Inge Arends e.a., Uitgeverij Het Spectrum B.V., 2000, blz. 189-190, <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90_274_6529_0" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90 274 6529 0">ISBN 90 274 6529 0</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Islam voor Dummies</i>, Malcom Clark, Uitgeverij Addison Wesley, 2004, p. 74, <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90-430-0845-1" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90-430-0845-1">ISBN 90-430-0845-1</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Islam, Personen en begrippen van A tot Z</i>, Inge Arends e.a., Uitgeverij Het Spectrum B.V., 2000, p. 190, <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90_274_6529_0" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90 274 6529 0">ISBN 90 274 6529 0</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Islam voor Dummies</i>, Malcom Clark, Uitgeverij Addison Wesley, 2004, p. 88, <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90-430-0845-1" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90-430-0845-1">ISBN 90-430-0845-1</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Islam voor Dummies</i>, Malcom Clark, Uitgeverij Addison Wesley, 2004, p. 101, <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90-430-0845-1" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90-430-0845-1">ISBN 90-430-0845-1</a></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zonde&oldid=66088435">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zonde&oldid=66088435</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Islam" title="Categorie:Islam">Islam</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Joodse_wet" title="Categorie:Joodse wet">Joodse wet</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Godsdienstfilosofie" title="Categorie:Godsdienstfilosofie">Godsdienstfilosofie</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Ethiek" title="Categorie:Ethiek">Ethiek</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Verborgen categorieën: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Wikipedia:Artikel_mist_referentie_sinds_januari_2023" title="Categorie:Wikipedia:Artikel mist referentie sinds januari 2023">Wikipedia:Artikel mist referentie sinds januari 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Wikipedia:Alle_artikelen_die_een_referentie_missen" title="Categorie:Wikipedia:Alle artikelen die een referentie missen">Wikipedia:Alle artikelen die een referentie missen</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 4 okt 2023 om 06:54.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. 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