CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9136f53dfc14f906',cH: '1ioyjhYlS2KePsAOcs3bx0HwF9u9UB.sPioFMlgMM.A-1739807687-1.2.1.1-PS59d0viN0X9EK9tu8Qa_pbIdBUpDRkt_CQPN7U5V51aZv.TkDcuFAnUBCsjFKZR',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=shear%20volumetric%20strain%20model&__cf_chl_tk=uv9ft4MhAvgYyI4cT8CJVkRdGuOs1yCukp_jcX..VGA-1739807687-1.0.1.1-zIw0FJQO9vFVinNhVC19kJ4MU7h1UqwdvNcuANgM9tQ",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739807687',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=shear%20volumetric%20strain%20model&__cf_chl_f_tk=uv9ft4MhAvgYyI4cT8CJVkRdGuOs1yCukp_jcX..VGA-1739807687-1.0.1.1-zIw0FJQO9vFVinNhVC19kJ4MU7h1UqwdvNcuANgM9tQ",md: "BmbMDUfpPn1bJdN1NGPK751JzNYktll5TqOlCOAMHSE-1739807687-1.2.1.1-5aK6I_8gdcNqD0azC57Pt_NXXsB9HmyRXHb1zthd0DHCY4uQqVoIEbRW0pO0BZWC1V1jBIrlGgRViglCD4KYEhenPJthlwr0ZzgR7SPVqsBSH20qe7bPAZGXDbs4d7Jj0AbFNW1WYzUb0.tJFdIsgdZp1XCI8FMIMVn4tqayYEdzLQdvL9vnFwYUdn.Is5ow3hn_TZA2Ngk0SMk3RCsho5dQntbmWKAlRzZ_L9UPsFIydnzRE3IgFqk0rf04myAZk7GGAIzApXLq5UZZLrdbrtEvnn01jNfg8y_dACUXnpyfRHeLAjBDCLf6q8.Jgd5rmIvYLOJx95.xeE6NavyoAkenLGC3NwaYdUSylFna2eCbjHL7lwpt1wAPzbUeQbcpqForNIp8h8V7COlHVvwSFITF2HduU.Lawlo.qMWaQDqt5_HtdH5mX.X6JWJpldBx8o8Ukcbnip5hoXCqON9hFclghEc9YVakWWqJjfK0FSPy1xh727CeS.8H1XlMsPwVMirOmcC2n4xpglrVjcN7BfFYOMbkq4SCZ3apL7A7i_vo0DT4yQBhuRR2EBupil83KTYwWMcyloqdfjX.u8dxSBEBclYMMqapp_v0extu9zgoQX_nphnQ7Tr6dXs57Z5MyPDjot3hk1VE_qFZkzJngJ6LSaHQDxFCHKcYyvSnuPptB0.G2YyfSU7ACesBU3V5d83_Scpr6hjebQk44fKDxD45AKCxWj3drLsw1GqxVAMek9lC5p9GaV1RttuDOEyREwhqTgH_5r_AD8tzGr.voUgdXOb8.BV7YDdloN1nmz6T0lVg7bmQ2K0eQcwAP2IkFqAt5VvTqAksZSVI9XNrj79ZQEUFJqJfG_Dr1f7bdQGmXVgYvIWVgqHOMfNL4NhP6wXGAPXL1DW4bvoNUl3t1W.iKT.7gGw1npvKn3le7nHy0177d2HRy6xbNEpqQvlJ20WeQYegcSLSnnivx3EvEAPsQ5KhndKKYvQnjkZqPcW2zyOHNV4v.T_phI0F5Q5uJcmD687elBKfNM_w.BmwoISoHFUnvpDdWDSKD1SrFfczfwU81oLqQwHLuoSU3RyihOQZI0WuOXBFDOEDCpCvKDaTNhrwe6eBwiylDpPB2EOz_v4rIaNDQiaNjaLr_yKdk3L1KqdvizWwmT3XuChj7YTs7T.14M1EvK1gyZwdEsxTXxbYCjpZdgZCt_k_4yqOoTuS0YSLdPr8XD6d8n2M27ok9e3EvHt3pQQJMA54mHECx5e9RqMdoRb1veYMGcxgFX.2XF247_8hAgmmUiyhdTslttcZn42GNKCo5KI7GlcdEJ5JrOZlMT.tTn7.Nik2AU_Yz7oeJpzHd4hW89qxnWfvdox2K323UIY1ny6z8yWwRE1WhOxmwmRB.8k62IUkOTjAjxkAEiFi.jCF39wvmg9h2fLgXjeB7CkAgjjgzqexeDgOzTDT51ubHK9sPdyxm2oBbKs.gpzgFejbh7odZJLmC_SQDAcv7x0Tf5aTNA3ebqRsAVYb2tGxrVOZTq.nlo2Zdyf0QBn7.qj91JmmLHrXIf86bQgxxXsMxhy7WFW57R7VBuXgmRf6e5utSmM3B4t1Z.u_oyUwpM5gRYQQ9r8h7ebbD6BG7YKo0zfP8TVFVVBExt9WSSzWbCKUR84xWR8I_OTak2VhZbsroD3cY.G8HS1HTMbX8FlE8TTFcVwB_.G5gP7tNAtJfakvs0v6dYoVeiVCEY3ZKQzWd1nulryyVcsinskuAbcCT4zPXPapvwO344kgGq6c0yspClcRf2G_KTO4mPDaH5QpipSwBUPq0SnuNujrmMqJxFJrxN3w2A1oLo8m8GVa2dwAEyL.3ggjlpkFvsmCXVbWeLeXX0v8_kTjJ0wpz..fbi0LadqzGT0sZrBnpdFwFjNvd5slFAI.R34ZOiuymaWXgCsvWQMF.vgJBUxHohhts8k1H5rL.l_kgYji8J7o7_Y9H6Bc1vi87XQYHeLnA5C8QSVIGg",mdrd: "RD9WSfCuotPUSS9x4kZB_TWLKoFhtCDLFG7jMoZ5wwM-1739807687-1.2.1.1-P6MuQzFpSEWeg5Fex6xZTSHDRAt2vzZ9wkMJW7paTaZQeU2Co_Q7KHXDoJ6XDWCY_ejzUhVgTuXVVfUKMviR602WM4StcByrNkfzfoCbb1hqskczBhhTDUPrMZG3Y.E_gQdIug3ZqUMkWw7CGr2fcgfq1MDDv3ZT6DYDsTJ0B.7cx07_30ObY7p9NcLsS56RMFDBXccKrxQ2RF7F0zsvP2m1BLPENdi0kCa2b5do5do.itJaXKWNDAU0z9OMFFu8dKIdYKYzC1y5gIRwqUsmEJz9xPXjVnMlHKUIPDO9sp6stXz0gMXfSdqkBJE5t0N.Kz.9NYVNjXsGhJLVDxA80O5AOat10rQRbVhCXbh8t5FYkg5B6bRYM1ZWBzcpcgttMQvmFCLYZSEYuVzJa9fbtAKO1OT6siiLIu0Wu1v8nP6MEYPxH_L6T.e.15V.eqmeP3xkmd3ObAeXSHeRoxUorgIejKBcqbygnCnelGyceK.ccTqsbgYRW_cL65uIow4lGANcgJJleQsh6_1z0N0eCb6B2aDJ3Sys8klHVomtQeYdijl9ViZLh4QyiOisdGH71wH7gBnMZLWekof3F93ZzWjWJd3z7_7jCfuZZadWSmmBaa.mgzVR50gaI03F7hofLnSZXnVtC8NS3nrWZIJhOTdqFeU._528_vkuaE0mBqgUKMLMKez2hkxSmQISmhZZcj_FHi.ckEhHR0OQraSMv1Pc.yRchB_ULSsrrTV31mhOwiT9F5BnrUiXOmq7Q4WemiYnlHC7.8pWFVatzDGOz8Jztkbd5PnkOgxADuwtfkPq9obhqruYx0QTqu7LR.WzK_Bn3V.J_jifsOE4Tj7G3OPG.0fUQKBCciaWUUQHMbsS6UGSOgZ9H9rUyx69I1pI1ZrhU057hJXHYC00m7JdqUQNG.dssEuaUeemyYYXHtxv.KigXbDW87hCx4wi9fIf62AFhOyKcGr0A1NtgMkR.u6UXjCnqxdt2k4nqcWBc9QRikD.Aa9INOjOiptSuT0bzlwiJ3eEUtn5of2pmj.uFOzeXR2DVIXa_dAHzJ56QN5mURuFvH0B4weLPVWk9w86FCG6xudjTkanoYvE.VI0Ttm1UjQcas3kfOSfMeaYutdST3yHjb5Ta8qpn7csG5On5wM8UsY3mT3dL9IdD4LIwGSK6K9kFK0QRq5Vs.2Re9ZppjxKL4I9olxR4hz93QsnDsi3Js7Sh60IkcmIUdz22yVQ.nzFHTC5vS_HpJ2AAaIvuDGPZjlLrICDPFcFJ0anjzC7ZvAT7pxe4szkhm.8n77BcLVQ_EEZ4PnvVOW.r7PvvPkIS6HKhtEcJVNFgTLkdY_N5w3Y1dGtmBZb2hxbE2w4hiWHW63NQQTQ5r7b1.c8WgvOO4Rl_uBlWnZ2l5B_ITzwTmzdkQ8h2X8Tb98kQ_nAs.PeUOsjf3bjLcH6We9kcyyqsEbYmAW05NNa5oU7iJ4yJO23FgRg43fsQgIOoT4oxzx.GyOiluXVZA2c3T3ug4OkomZ1H.qqBWqbC0LbZR4cpSrQIqdlo1r5W8pxBhqlVl._gw450By.qf6jAdll.hBxWH1bzbRlJ_Gd9d2VJj.HXE4fsrpRA9IC0QOuf5Jn.kwJSMY7cjEhWx_OYwfJfe8rQ3icl6WnKCSRapvLwDyYr_cTrYOn1LCy8Yg2EmRfJ_iic7amHbQw.ZqVN.pMLeTYYSb_AvI9.4QOm.UEBEjXn07UIDLEG6m1B.4HTIn6RbpcSwT32ZKPg7q.DkKZnR3WWuoaUNwgUoOsemuLHnwGZ2ycMIB_1.SDx5pBH7NYdgTSclawlMLiUiZOTGPNTOQZOV2A0WAKzY6BEEUK46Kd6BZ8QPE.BqPQhLzTLvATaFBMhYiTE7un4H.f0tP4GOETLspjerShHqvt.xZnDVAMiBRl58818M1vPhdtxIIBeKV8uH4RujpMX2dKO751XQPQlbmXZtVRrZdheXOt"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9136f53dfc14f906';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=shear%20volumetric%20strain%20model&__cf_chl_rt_tk=uv9ft4MhAvgYyI4cT8CJVkRdGuOs1yCukp_jcX..VGA-1739807687-1.0.1.1-zIw0FJQO9vFVinNhVC19kJ4MU7h1UqwdvNcuANgM9tQ" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>