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Vouée à l'exécration par les historiens latins, en particulier par Tacite et par Suétone , Agrippine la Jeune ne ressemblait guère à sa mère, l'épouse de Germanicus. Mais il ne suffit pas de la juger sur ses intrigues et sur ses crimes ; il..." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/agrippine-la-jeune/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="fr_FR" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Encyclopædia Universalis" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.universalis.fr/_web/static/icons/favicon.png" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="256" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="252" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Biographie d'AGRIPPINE LA JEUNE (16-59)" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Biographie d'AGRIPPINE LA JEUNE (16-59). Vouée à l'exécration par les historiens latins, en particulier par Tacite et par Suétone , Agrippine la Jeune ne ressemblait guère à sa mère, l'épouse de Germanicus. Mais il ne suffit pas de la juger sur ses intrigues et sur ses crimes ; il..." /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@universalisfr" /> <meta name="location" content="France" /> <meta name="rating" content="General" /> <meta name="distribution" content="Global" /> <meta name="resource-type" content="document" /> <meta name="copyright" content="© Copyright 2024 - Universalis" /> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="Universalis" /> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" /> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="default" /> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no,date=no,address=no,email=no,url=no" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_shared/pub/pub.css?1737972863" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_web/assets/css/home.css?1737986363" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_web/assets/css/classification.css?1737986363" media="all"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/agrippine-la-jeune/" /> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Biographie d'AGRIPPINE LA JEUNE (16-59)","headline":"Biographie d'AGRIPPINE LA JEUNE (16-59)","description":"Biographie d'AGRIPPINE LA JEUNE (16-59). Vou\u00e9e \u00e0 l'ex\u00e9cration par les historiens latins, en particulier par Tacite et par Su\u00e9tone , Agrippine la Jeune ne ressemblait gu\u00e8re \u00e0 sa m\u00e8re, l'\u00e9pouse de Germanicus. Mais il ne suffit pas de la juger sur ses intrigues et sur ses crimes\u00a0; il convient de la replacer dans l'histoire de son temps, histoire difficile o\u00f9 le salut de l'Empire romain reposait souvent entre les mains de quelques personnes. Agrippine n'eut qu'une seule ambition, voir son fils N\u00e9ron , qu'elle avait eu d'un premier mariage avec Domitius Ahenobarbus, monter sur le tr\u00f4ne imp\u00e9rial. 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data-loaded="true">6</a></li></ul><p class="text-sm text-muted mb-1">Article modifié le <time datetime="2025-01-29"> 29/01/2025 </time></p><div class="content whole type-biographie" ><div class="block_1" data-ucode="yT310321_0"><i class="anchor" id="yT310321_0"></i><p> Vouée à l'exécration par les historiens latins, en particulier par <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Biographie de TACITE (55 env.-120). L 'œuvre de Tacite pose aux lecteurs modernes, aux savants, aux lettrés, de nombreux problèmes. Certes, tous s'accordent à en reconnaître l'extrême beauté littéraire. Tacite apparaît bien comme « le plus grand peintre de l'Antiquité » ; mais on lui adresse un reproche très grave : on conteste sa valeur d'historien, on nie à la fois son object..." title="Article : TACITE (55 env.-120)" href="/encyclopedie/tacite/">Tacite</a> et par <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Biographie de SUÉTONE (70 env.-env. 140). Caius Suetonius Tranquillus est tenu pour l'un des principaux historiens de langue latine, alors qu'il fut en réalité un biographe, et ne toucha à l'histoire que dans la mesure où les personnages dont il trace les portraits et raconte la vie appartiennent à l'histoire générale. Il est d'une époque où l'érudition tend à l'emporter sur la créa..." title="Article : SUÉTONE (70 env.-env. 140)" href="/encyclopedie/suetone/">Suétone</a>, Agrippine la Jeune ne ressemblait guère à sa mère, l'épouse de Germanicus. Mais il ne suffit pas de la juger sur ses intrigues et sur ses crimes ; il convient de la replacer dans l'histoire de son temps, histoire difficile où le salut de l'Empire romain reposait souvent entre les mains de quelques personnes. Agrippine n'eut qu'une seule ambition, voir son fils <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Biographie de NÉRON (37-68). Néron a symbolisé pour la postérité ce que l'histoire romaine recèle de plus monstrueux et de plus cruel. Les historiens antiques, Tacite et Suétone , ont tracé un étonnant portrait de l'empereur pervers, fou et sanguinaire ; les chrétiens, dont il fut le premier persécuteur, ont encore noirci ce tableau. On doit constater cependant que le solide édific..." title="Article : NÉRON (37-68)" href="/encyclopedie/neron/">Néron</a>, qu'elle avait eu d'un premier mariage avec Domitius Ahenobarbus, monter sur le trône impérial. Fine politique, elle savait que les droits de Néron à la succession impériale étaient réels : n'était-il pas l'arrière-petit-fils d'Auguste ? Aussi la vie publique et privée d'Agrippine fut-elle guidée par l'ambition exclusive de rapprocher, étape par étape, Néron des marches du trône. Première étape : elle divorce de Domitius Ahenobarbus, fait assassiner son second époux afin de se rendre libre pour épouser, après l'assassinat de l'impératrice <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Biographie de MESSALINE (25 env.-48). Comme toutes les impératrices de la première moitié du i er siècle, à Rome, Messaline, une des épouses de l'empereur romain Claude, symbolise l'appétit de luxe, la soif du plaisir et l'esprit de lucre de la haute société romaine. L'impératrice Messaline est en fait une parvenue dont l'époux a été hissé par hasard, en 41, sur le trône par des ..." title="Article : MESSALINE (25 env.-48)" href="/encyclopedie/messaline/">Messaline</a>, l'empereur Claude, dont elle est la nièce. Deuxième étape : avec l'appui de quelques affranchis impériaux, dont le redoutable Pallas, son amant, elle réussit, à force de patience, de ruse et de traîtrise, à faire adopter Néron par l'empereur Claude qui, pourtant, avait un fils, <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Joué pour la première fois à l'hôtel de Bourgogne, le 13 décembre 1669, Britannicus , tragédie en cinq actes et en vers de Jean Racine (1639-1699), est une réflexion sur l’histoire, la politique, les calculs de cour, autrement dit un texte qui rencontre directement les questions de légitimité, de souveraineté, et de tyrannie.. Britannicus est d’abord l’histoire d’un « mo..." title="Article : BRITANNICUS" href="/encyclopedie/britannicus/">Britannicus</a>. Troisième étape : elle fait empoisonner Claude, dernier obstacle à la réalisation de ses desseins. Celle que Néron avait surnommée la « meilleure des mères » avait réussi. Néron fut intronisé empereur en 54. Mais l'autorité abusive d'Agrippine, dont l'exemple lui avait appris que le crime paie, finit par le lasser. En 59, il la fait assassiner. Au centurion qui s'approchait d'elle, le poignard à la main, Agrippine cria : « Frappe au ventre », ce ventre qui avait conçu un fils dénaturé, le dernier empereur de la <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="La dynastie julio-claudienne (14-68) regroupe, après Auguste (27 av. J.-C.-14 apr. J.-C.), fondateur du principat, les quatre empereurs qui succèdent à ce dernier : Tibère (14-37), Caligula (37-41), Claude (41-54) et Néron (54-68). Elle ne suit pas une ligne directe. Auguste, petit-neveu et fils adoptif de Jules César, se rattache à la gens Julia, tandis que Tibère, beau-fils et..." title="Article : DYNASTIE JULIO-CLAUDIENNE" href="/encyclopedie/dynastie-julio-claudienne/">dynastie julio-claudienne</a>.</p><div class="clearfix"></div><p class="author"> — Joël SCHMIDT</p><div class="clearfix"></div></div><div class="clearfix"></div></div><ul class="pagination justify-content-center public-links "><li class="page-item active"><a href="/abonnement" data-matomo-category="Article" data-matomo-name="Folio" data-matomo-value="page 1" class="page-link" title="Abonnez-vous" data-loaded="true">1</a></li><li class="page-item "><a href="/abonnement" data-matomo-category="Article" data-matomo-name="Folio" data-matomo-value="page 2" class="page-link" title="Abonnez-vous" data-loaded="true">2</a></li><li class="page-item "><a href="/abonnement" data-matomo-category="Article" data-matomo-name="Folio" data-matomo-value="page 3" class="page-link" title="Abonnez-vous" data-loaded="true">3</a></li><li class="page-item "><a href="/abonnement" data-matomo-category="Article" data-matomo-name="Folio" data-matomo-value="page 4" class="page-link" title="Abonnez-vous" data-loaded="true">4</a></li><li class="page-item "><a href="/abonnement" data-matomo-category="Article" data-matomo-name="Folio" data-matomo-value="page 5" class="page-link" title="Abonnez-vous" data-loaded="true">5</a></li><li class="page-item "><a href="/abonnement" data-matomo-category="Article" data-matomo-name="Folio" data-matomo-value="page 6" class="page-link" title="Abonnez-vous" data-loaded="true">6</a></li></ul><div class="folio-block"><p class="folio-block-title text-center text-uc"><strong>La suite de cet article est accessible aux abonnés</strong></p><ul class="list-unstyled"><li><i class="fa fa-fw fa-check-circle"></i> Des contenus variés, complets et fiables</li><li><i class="fa fa-fw fa-check-circle"></i> Accessible sur tous les écrans</li><li><i class="fa fa-fw fa-check-circle"></i> Pas de publicité</li></ul><p class="text-center"><a href="/abonnement/" class="btn btn-cta text-uc" id="folio-button" data-matomo-category="Article" data-matomo-name="Folio" data-matomo-value="Block bottom">Découvrez nos offres </a></p><p class="text-center text-sm"> Déjà abonné ? <a href="/identification/" id="folio-login">Se connecter</a></p></div><div id="ad_mpuslot" class="pub-container text-center"><div class="pub-placeholder"></div></div><section class="mt-3 mb-5"><i class="anchor" id="T310321_AUTHORS"></i><p class="title-minor">Écrit par</p><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item" data-dc-author="SCHMIDT, Joël"><a title="Auteur : Joël SCHMIDT" rel="author" href="/auteurs/joel-schmidt/"><strong>Joël SCHMIDT</strong></a> : diplômé d'études supérieures d'histoire, directeur de collections historiques </li></ul></section><section class="mb-5"><div class="text-center mb-3 d-print-none"><a class="d-inline-flex flex-row justify-content-center align-items-center btn btn-light btn-large text-start" title="Carte mentale : AGRIPPINE LA JEUNE (16-59)" href="/carte-mentale/agrippine-la-jeune/"><i class="fa fa-sitemap fa-rotate-270 me-1 fs-1 text-universalis"></i><p class="m-0"><strong class="fs-4">Carte mentale</strong><br /> Élargissez votre recherche dans Universalis </p></a></div></section> <section class="mb-5 article-classification" data-print-label="la classification" data-print-target=".article-classification"> <i class="anchor" id="yT310321_ROOT_LINES"></i> <p class="title-minor">Classification</p> <nav aria-label="Classification 1"> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a title="Classification : Histoire" href="/classification/histoire/"> Histoire </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a title="Classification : Histoire : chronologie" href="/classification/histoire/histoire-chronologie/"> Histoire : chronologie </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a title="Classification : Antiquité" href="/classification/histoire/histoire-chronologie/antiquite/"> Antiquité </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a title="Classification : Europe, Antiquité" href="/classification/histoire/histoire-chronologie/antiquite/europe-antiquite/"> Europe, Antiquité </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a title="Classification : Rome antique, histoire" href="/classification/histoire/histoire-chronologie/antiquite/europe-antiquite/rome-antique-histoire/"> Rome antique, histoire </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item active" data-dc-subject="Empire romain"> <a title="Classification : Empire romain" href="/classification/histoire/histoire-chronologie/antiquite/europe-antiquite/rome-antique-histoire/empire-romain/"> Empire romain </a> </li> </ol> </nav> <nav aria-label="Classification 2"> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a title="Classification : Histoire" href="/classification/histoire/"> Histoire </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"> <a title="Classification : Personnages historiques" href="/classification/histoire/personnages-historiques/"> Personnages historiques </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-item active" data-dc-subject="Personnages historiques, Antiquité"> <a title="Classification : Personnages historiques, Antiquité" href="/classification/histoire/personnages-historiques/personnages-historiques-antiquite/"> Personnages historiques, Antiquité </a> </li> </ol> </nav> </section> <section class="mb-5 d-print-none learn-more"> <i class="anchor" id="yT310321_REFERENCES"></i> <p class="title-minor">Autres références</p> <ul class="list-group"> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/britannicus/#c28703"> <span class="rg">BRITANNICUS, </span><span class="rm">Jean Racine - Fiche de lecture</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">Christian BIET</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">1 141 mots</li> </ul> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> Tout allait pour le mieux entre Agrippine et Néron, jusqu'à ce que celui-ci s’éprenne de Junie. Mais, voilà qu’abandonné par <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Biographie de SÉNÈQUE (4 av. J.-C. - 65 apr. J.-C.). Lucius Annaeus Seneca, homme d'État, philosophe stoïcien, auteur de tragédies, précepteur de prince, représente, par la variété même des aspects de son activité, une des figures les plus intéressantes de l'époque impériale. Son œuvre de moraliste a exercé une influence capitale sur la formation de la pensée occidentale. Elle ent..." title="Article : SÉNÈQUE (4 av. J.-C. - 65 apr. J.-C.)" href="/encyclopedie/seneque/">Sénèque</a>, son mentor, repris par son destin familial, trop peu enclin à supporter les avis de Burrhus, son « bon conseiller », manœuvré par Narcisse, pendant dramaturgique... </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/claude-lat-tiberius-claudius-nero-drusus-empereur-romain/"> <span class="rg">CLAUDE, </span><span class="rm">lat. </span><span class="pc">TIBERIUS CLAUDIUS NERO DRUSUS </span><span class="rm">(10 av. J.-C. - 54 apr. J.-C.) empereur romain (41-54)</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">Yann LE BOHEC</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">852 mots</li> </ul> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p> L'historiographie, qui a longtemps méprisé Claude, tend actuellement à le réhabiliter ; l'essentiel n'est d'ailleurs pas de le juger, mais de savoir qui il était et surtout ce qu'il a fait et ce qui s'est passé pendant son règne.</p><p>Né à Lyon en ~ 10, il appartenait...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/neron/#c28703"> <span class="rg">NÉRON </span><span class="rm">(37-68)</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">Claude LEPELLEY</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">1 240 mots</li> </ul> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> ...Le père de Néron, Cneus Domitius Ahenobarbus, aristocrate connu pour sa cruauté et son absence de sens moral, mourut quand il avait trois ans. Sa mère, <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Biographie d'AGRIPPINE LA JEUNE (16-59). Vouée à l'exécration par les historiens latins, en particulier par Tacite et par Suétone , Agrippine la Jeune ne ressemblait guère à sa mère, l'épouse de Germanicus. Mais il ne suffit pas de la juger sur ses intrigues et sur ses crimes ; il convient de la replacer dans l'histoire de son temps, histoire difficile où le salut de l'Empire romain r..." title="Article : AGRIPPINE LA JEUNE (16-59)" href="/encyclopedie/agrippine-la-jeune/">Agrippine la Jeune</a>, fille de Germanicus, était l'arrière-petite-fille d'Auguste. Animée d'une insatiable ambition, elle poussa son fils vers le pouvoir... </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/rome-et-empire-romain-le-haut-empire/#c28703"> <span class="rg">ROME ET EMPIRE ROMAIN - </span><span class="rm">Le Haut-Empire</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">Yann LE BOHEC</span> et <span rel="author">Paul PETIT</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">35 272 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">17 médias </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : ROME ET EMPIRE ROMAIN - Le Haut-Empire" href="/encyclopedie/rome-et-empire-romain-le-haut-empire/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="Rome, économie sous le Haut-Empire - crédits : Encyclopædia Universalis France" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/d/7/csm_v200228_c1254b04c6.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> ...d'intrigues sordides entre les affranchis et ses épouses successives : la quatrième, <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Biographie de MESSALINE (25 env.-48). Comme toutes les impératrices de la première moitié du i er siècle, à Rome, Messaline, une des épouses de l'empereur romain Claude, symbolise l'appétit de luxe, la soif du plaisir et l'esprit de lucre de la haute société romaine. L'impératrice Messaline est en fait une parvenue dont l'époux a été hissé par hasard, en 41, sur le trône par des ..." title="Article : MESSALINE (25 env.-48)" href="/encyclopedie/messaline/">Messaline</a>, le bafoua et finit par être exécutée, et la cinquième, Agrippine, petite-fille de Marc Antoine, petite-nièce d'Auguste, et sa propre nièce, énergique et ambitieuse, réussit à faire adopter par Claude son propre... </div> </li> </ul> </section> <section class="mb-5 d-print-none article-indexes learn-more"> <i class="anchor" id="yT310321_INDEXES"></i> <p class="title-minor">Voir aussi</p> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet"> <li class="list-inline-item m-1"> <a title="Index : ROME, l'Empire romain" href="/index/rome-l-empire-romain/"> <span class="rg">ROME, </span><em class="it">l'Empire romain</em> </a> </li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="col-lg-4 col-xl-3 px-0 d-none d-lg-block side-bar position-relative"> <div id="ad_rightslot" class="pub-container text-center"> <div class="pub-placeholder"></div> </div> <div id="ad_rightslot2" class="pub-container text-center"> <div class="pub-placeholder"></div> </div> <a class="wrapper cta" href="/abonnement" title="Abonnez-vous à Universalis pour 1 euro" data-matomo-category="CTA" data-matomo-name="Clic" data-matomo-value="Col right"> <img src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/b/6/csm_abo-3_74169bae4d.webp" class="full-height" loading="lazy" width="290" height="476" alt="Abonnez-vous à Universalis pour 1 euro"> </a> <div id="newsletter_subscription" class="wrapper p-3"> <p class="fs-3 fw-bold text-center text-light mb-1">Rejoignez-nous</p> <p class="text-center"> Inscrivez-vous à notre <strong>newsletter</strong></p> <div class="input-group mb-3"> <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="votre email"> <div class="input-group-append"> <button id="newsletter_subscription_button" class="btn btn-primary text-uppercase" type="button"> <strong>S'inscrire</strong></button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <div id="bandeau-footer"> <div class="container"> <p><a href="/abonnement" title="Abonnez-vous à Universalis pour 1 euro">Accédez à l'intégralité d'Universalis.fr <strong>sans publicité</strong></a></p> </div> </div> <footer class="container footer text-center d-print-none"> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-2"> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="http://www.encyclopaedia-universalis.fr/" title="Encyclopædia Universalis" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Encyclopædia Universalis </a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://www.encyclopaedia-universalis.fr/nous-contacter/infos/" title="Contactez-nous" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">Contact</a></li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a title="Mentions légales" rel="nofollow" href="/mentions-legales/">Mentions légales et politique de confidentialité</a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a title="Crédits images Accueil" rel="nofollow" href="/credits-illustrations/">Crédits images</a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://abonnement.universalis.fr/typo3conf/ext/mailer/Resources/Public/Pdf/cgv.pdf" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" title="Conditions générales de vente">CGV</a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="javascript:" id="rgpd" rel="nofollow" title="Consentement RGPD">RGPD</a> </li> </ul> <p class="mb-2">Consulter le <a title="Dictionnaire de l'Encyclopædia Universalis" href="/dictionnaire/"> dictionnaire </a> de l'Encyclopædia Universalis </p> <p class="mb-3">© 2025 Encyclopædia Universalis France. 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