CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="avada-html-layout-wide avada-html-header-position-top avada-is-100-percent-template" lang="en-US" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns# fb: http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"> <head> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />  <title>The Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice - Drug Free America Foundation</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.dfaf.org/journal-global-drug-policy-practice/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="The Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice - Drug Free America Foundation" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.dfaf.org/journal-global-drug-policy-practice/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Drug Free America Foundation" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-10-16T14:09:54+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Untitled-design-4-copy-2-1024x383.png" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1024" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="383" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="15 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.dfaf.org/journal-global-drug-policy-practice/","url":"https://www.dfaf.org/journal-global-drug-policy-practice/","name":"The Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice - Drug Free America Foundation","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.dfaf.org/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.dfaf.org/journal-global-drug-policy-practice/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.dfaf.org/journal-global-drug-policy-practice/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Untitled-design-4-copy-2.png","datePublished":"2024-10-01T13:42:22+00:00","dateModified":"2024-10-16T14:09:54+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.dfaf.org/journal-global-drug-policy-practice/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.dfaf.org/journal-global-drug-policy-practice/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.dfaf.org/journal-global-drug-policy-practice/#primaryimage","url":"https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Untitled-design-4-copy-2.png","contentUrl":"https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Untitled-design-4-copy-2.png","width":1798,"height":672},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.dfaf.org/journal-global-drug-policy-practice/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.dfaf.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.dfaf.org/#website","url":"https://www.dfaf.org/","name":"Drug Free America Foundation","description":"Cultivating a world where all people live free of the burden of drug abuse.","publisher":{"@id":"https://www.dfaf.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.dfaf.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.dfaf.org/#organization","name":"Drug Free America Foundation","url":"https://www.dfaf.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.dfaf.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/DFAF-Logo_Center-of-Excellence_Transparent-2.png","contentUrl":"https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/DFAF-Logo_Center-of-Excellence_Transparent-2.png","width":900,"height":1013,"caption":"Drug Free America Foundation"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.dfaf.org/#/schema/logo/image/"}}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.google.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Drug Free America Foundation » Feed" href="https://www.dfaf.org/feed/" /> <meta name="description" content="The Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice The Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice is an international platform dedicated to closing the information gap on drug policy issues. Our mission is to foster understanding and collaboration between the medical-scientific community, policymakers, practitioners, and the public. Our readership includes a"/> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Drug Free America Foundation"/> <meta property="og:title" content="The Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice - Drug Free America Foundation"/> <meta property="og:description" content="The Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice The Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice is an international platform dedicated to closing the information gap on drug policy issues. Our mission is to foster understanding and collaboration between the medical-scientific community, policymakers, practitioners, and the public. Our readership includes a"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.dfaf.org/journal-global-drug-policy-practice/"/> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-10-16T14:09:54-05:00"/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Untitled-design-4-copy-2.png"/> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1798"/> <meta property="og:image:height" content="672"/> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png"/> <link rel='stylesheet' id='jquery.prettyphoto-css' href='https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-video-lightbox/css/prettyPhoto.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='video-lightbox-css' href='https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-video-lightbox/wp-video-lightbox.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.dfaf.org/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-block-library-theme-inline-css' type='text/css'> .wp-block-audio :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-audio :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-audio{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-code{border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:4px;font-family:Menlo,Consolas,monaco,monospace;padding:.8em 1em}.wp-block-embed :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-embed :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-embed{margin:0 0 1em}.blocks-gallery-caption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .blocks-gallery-caption{color:#ffffffa6}:root :where(.wp-block-image figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme :root :where(.wp-block-image figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-image{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-pullquote{border-bottom:4px solid;border-top:4px solid;color:currentColor;margin-bottom:1.75em}.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote footer,.wp-block-pullquote__citation{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;text-transform:uppercase}.wp-block-quote{border-left:.25em solid;margin:0 0 1.75em;padding-left:1em}.wp-block-quote cite,.wp-block-quote footer{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;position:relative}.wp-block-quote.has-text-align-right{border-left:none;border-right:.25em solid;padding-left:0;padding-right:1em}.wp-block-quote.has-text-align-center{border:none;padding-left:0}.wp-block-quote.is-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-plain{border:none}.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__label{font-weight:700}.wp-block-search__button{border:1px solid #ccc;padding:.375em .625em}:where(.wp-block-group.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-separator.has-css-opacity{opacity:.4}.wp-block-separator{border:none;border-bottom:2px solid;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.wp-block-separator.has-alpha-channel-opacity{opacity:1}.wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){width:100px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-dots){border-bottom:none;height:1px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){height:2px}.wp-block-table{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-table td,.wp-block-table th{word-break:normal}.wp-block-table :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-table :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-video :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-video :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-video{margin:0 0 1em}:root :where(.wp-block-template-part.has-background){margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding:1.25em 2.375em} </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--awb-color-1: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--awb-color-2: #f9f9fb;--wp--preset--color--awb-color-3: #f2f3f5;--wp--preset--color--awb-color-4: #65bd7d;--wp--preset--color--awb-color-5: #46b5ff;--wp--preset--color--awb-color-6: #434549;--wp--preset--color--awb-color-7: #212326;--wp--preset--color--awb-color-8: #141617;--wp--preset--color--awb-color-custom-1: #dc1d3d;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 12px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 24px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--font-size--normal: 16px;--wp--preset--font-size--xlarge: 32px;--wp--preset--font-size--huge: 48px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ctct_form_styles-css' href='https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/plugins/constant-contact-forms/assets/css/style.css?ver=2.4.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wppopups-base-css' href='https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-popups-lite/src/assets/css/wppopups-base.css?ver=2.1.5.5' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='akismet-widget-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> .a-stats { --akismet-color-mid-green: #357b49; --akismet-color-white: #fff; --akismet-color-light-grey: #f6f7f7; max-width: 350px; width: auto; } .a-stats * { all: unset; box-sizing: border-box; } .a-stats strong { font-weight: 600; } .a-stats a.a-stats__link, .a-stats a.a-stats__link:visited, .a-stats a.a-stats__link:active { background: var(--akismet-color-mid-green); border: none; box-shadow: none; border-radius: 8px; color: var(--akismet-color-white); cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', 'Roboto', 'Oxygen-Sans', 'Ubuntu', 'Cantarell', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-weight: 500; padding: 12px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; transition: all 0.2s ease; } /* Extra specificity to deal with TwentyTwentyOne focus style */ .widget .a-stats a.a-stats__link:focus { background: var(--akismet-color-mid-green); color: var(--akismet-color-white); text-decoration: none; } .a-stats a.a-stats__link:hover { filter: brightness(110%); box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06), 0 0 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16); } .a-stats .count { color: var(--akismet-color-white); display: block; font-size: 1.5em; line-height: 1.4; padding: 0 13px; white-space: nowrap; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fusion-dynamic-css-css' href='https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/fusion-styles/833046c74e1996c0aecf7ef29be2cac2.min.css?ver=3.11.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-video-lightbox/js/jquery.prettyPhoto.js?ver=3.1.6" id="jquery.prettyphoto-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="video-lightbox-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var vlpp_vars = {"prettyPhoto_rel":"wp-video-lightbox","animation_speed":"fast","slideshow":"5000","autoplay_slideshow":"false","opacity":"0.80","show_title":"true","allow_resize":"true","allow_expand":"true","default_width":"640","default_height":"480","counter_separator_label":"\/","theme":"pp_default","horizontal_padding":"20","hideflash":"false","wmode":"opaque","autoplay":"false","modal":"false","deeplinking":"false","overlay_gallery":"true","overlay_gallery_max":"30","keyboard_shortcuts":"true","ie6_fallback":"true"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-video-lightbox/js/video-lightbox.js?ver=3.1.6" id="video-lightbox-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/plugins/revslider/public/assets/js/rbtools.min.js?ver=6.6.14" async id="tp-tools-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/plugins/revslider/public/assets/js/rs6.min.js?ver=6.6.14" async id="revmin-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/plugins/wonderplugin-lightbox/engine/wonderpluginlightbox.js?ver=9.9" id="wonderplugin-lightbox-script-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5634" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.dfaf.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.6.2" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.dfaf.org/?p=5634' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dfaf.org%2Fjournal-global-drug-policy-practice%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dfaf.org%2Fjournal-global-drug-policy-practice%2F&format=xml" /> <script> WP_VIDEO_LIGHTBOX_VERSION="1.9.10"; WP_VID_LIGHTBOX_URL="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-video-lightbox"; function wpvl_paramReplace(name, string, value) { // Find the param with regex // Grab the first character in the returned string (should be ? or &) // Replace our href string with our new value, passing on the name and delimeter var re = new RegExp("[\?&]" + name + "=([^&#]*)"); var matches = re.exec(string); var newString; if (matches === null) { // if there are no params, append the parameter newString = string + '?' + name + '=' + value; } else { var delimeter = matches[0].charAt(0); newString = string.replace(re, delimeter + name + "=" + value); } return newString; } </script><link rel="preload" href="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/themes/Avada/includes/lib/assets/fonts/icomoon/awb-icons.woff" as="font" type="font/woff" crossorigin><link rel="preload" href="//www.dfaf.org/wp-content/themes/Avada/includes/lib/assets/fonts/fontawesome/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preload" href="//www.dfaf.org/wp-content/themes/Avada/includes/lib/assets/fonts/fontawesome/webfonts/fa-regular-400.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preload" href="//www.dfaf.org/wp-content/themes/Avada/includes/lib/assets/fonts/fontawesome/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin><style type="text/css" id="css-fb-visibility">@media screen and (max-width: 640px){.fusion-no-small-visibility{display:none !important;}body .sm-text-align-center{text-align:center !important;}body .sm-text-align-left{text-align:left !important;}body .sm-text-align-right{text-align:right !important;}body .sm-flex-align-center{justify-content:center !important;}body .sm-flex-align-flex-start{justify-content:flex-start !important;}body .sm-flex-align-flex-end{justify-content:flex-end !important;}body .sm-mx-auto{margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;}body .sm-ml-auto{margin-left:auto !important;}body .sm-mr-auto{margin-right:auto !important;}body .fusion-absolute-position-small{position:absolute;top:auto;width:100%;}.awb-sticky.awb-sticky-small{ position: sticky; top: var(--awb-sticky-offset,0); }}@media screen and (min-width: 641px) and (max-width: 1024px){.fusion-no-medium-visibility{display:none !important;}body .md-text-align-center{text-align:center !important;}body .md-text-align-left{text-align:left !important;}body .md-text-align-right{text-align:right !important;}body .md-flex-align-center{justify-content:center !important;}body .md-flex-align-flex-start{justify-content:flex-start !important;}body .md-flex-align-flex-end{justify-content:flex-end !important;}body .md-mx-auto{margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;}body .md-ml-auto{margin-left:auto !important;}body .md-mr-auto{margin-right:auto !important;}body .fusion-absolute-position-medium{position:absolute;top:auto;width:100%;}.awb-sticky.awb-sticky-medium{ position: sticky; top: var(--awb-sticky-offset,0); }}@media screen and (min-width: 1025px){.fusion-no-large-visibility{display:none !important;}body .lg-text-align-center{text-align:center !important;}body .lg-text-align-left{text-align:left !important;}body .lg-text-align-right{text-align:right !important;}body .lg-flex-align-center{justify-content:center !important;}body .lg-flex-align-flex-start{justify-content:flex-start !important;}body .lg-flex-align-flex-end{justify-content:flex-end !important;}body .lg-mx-auto{margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;}body .lg-ml-auto{margin-left:auto !important;}body .lg-mr-auto{margin-right:auto !important;}body .fusion-absolute-position-large{position:absolute;top:auto;width:100%;}.awb-sticky.awb-sticky-large{ position: sticky; top: var(--awb-sticky-offset,0); }}</style><meta name="generator" content="Powered by Slider Revolution 6.6.14 - responsive, Mobile-Friendly Slider Plugin for WordPress with comfortable drag and drop interface." /> <script>function setREVStartSize(e){ //window.requestAnimationFrame(function() { window.RSIW = window.RSIW===undefined ? window.innerWidth : window.RSIW; window.RSIH = window.RSIH===undefined ? window.innerHeight : window.RSIH; try { var pw = document.getElementById(e.c).parentNode.offsetWidth, newh; pw = pw===0 || isNaN(pw) || (e.l=="fullwidth" || e.layout=="fullwidth") ? window.RSIW : pw; e.tabw = e.tabw===undefined ? 0 : parseInt(e.tabw); e.thumbw = e.thumbw===undefined ? 0 : parseInt(e.thumbw); e.tabh = e.tabh===undefined ? 0 : parseInt(e.tabh); e.thumbh = e.thumbh===undefined ? 0 : parseInt(e.thumbh); e.tabhide = e.tabhide===undefined ? 0 : parseInt(e.tabhide); e.thumbhide = e.thumbhide===undefined ? 0 : parseInt(e.thumbhide); e.mh = e.mh===undefined || e.mh=="" || e.mh==="auto" ? 0 : parseInt(e.mh,0); if(e.layout==="fullscreen" || e.l==="fullscreen") newh = Math.max(e.mh,window.RSIH); else{ e.gw = Array.isArray(e.gw) ? e.gw : [e.gw]; for (var i in e.rl) if (e.gw[i]===undefined || e.gw[i]===0) e.gw[i] = e.gw[i-1]; e.gh = e.el===undefined || e.el==="" || (Array.isArray(e.el) && e.el.length==0)? e.gh : e.el; e.gh = Array.isArray(e.gh) ? e.gh : [e.gh]; for (var i in e.rl) if (e.gh[i]===undefined || e.gh[i]===0) e.gh[i] = e.gh[i-1]; var nl = new Array(e.rl.length), ix = 0, sl; e.tabw = e.tabhide>=pw ? 0 : e.tabw; e.thumbw = e.thumbhide>=pw ? 0 : e.thumbw; e.tabh = e.tabhide>=pw ? 0 : e.tabh; e.thumbh = e.thumbhide>=pw ? 0 : e.thumbh; for (var i in e.rl) nl[i] = e.rl[i]<window.RSIW ? 0 : e.rl[i]; sl = nl[0]; for (var i in nl) if (sl>nl[i] && nl[i]>0) { sl = nl[i]; ix=i;} var m = pw>(e.gw[ix]+e.tabw+e.thumbw) ? 1 : (pw-(e.tabw+e.thumbw)) / (e.gw[ix]); newh = (e.gh[ix] * m) + (e.tabh + e.thumbh); } var el = document.getElementById(e.c); if (el!==null && el) el.style.height = newh+"px"; el = document.getElementById(e.c+"_wrapper"); if (el!==null && el) { el.style.height = newh+"px"; el.style.display = "block"; } } catch(e){ console.log("Failure at Presize of Slider:" + e) } //}); };</script> <script type="text/javascript"> var doc = document.documentElement; doc.setAttribute( 'data-useragent', navigator.userAgent ); </script> </head> <body class="page-template page-template-100-width page-template-100-width-php page page-id-5634 ctct-Avada awb-no-sidebars fusion-image-hovers fusion-pagination-sizing fusion-button_type-flat fusion-button_span-no fusion-button_gradient-linear avada-image-rollover-circle-yes avada-image-rollover-yes avada-image-rollover-direction-left fusion-body ltr fusion-sticky-header no-tablet-sticky-header no-mobile-sticky-header no-mobile-slidingbar no-mobile-totop avada-has-rev-slider-styles fusion-disable-outline fusion-sub-menu-fade mobile-logo-pos-left layout-wide-mode avada-has-boxed-modal-shadow-none layout-scroll-offset-full avada-has-zero-margin-offset-top fusion-top-header menu-text-align-center mobile-menu-design-classic fusion-show-pagination-text fusion-header-layout-v3 avada-responsive avada-footer-fx-none avada-menu-highlight-style-bar fusion-search-form-clean fusion-main-menu-search-overlay fusion-avatar-circle avada-dropdown-styles avada-blog-layout-large avada-blog-archive-layout-large avada-header-shadow-no avada-menu-icon-position-left avada-has-megamenu-shadow avada-has-mobile-menu-search avada-has-main-nav-search-icon avada-has-breadcrumb-mobile-hidden avada-has-titlebar-hide avada-header-border-color-full-transparent avada-has-pagination-width_height avada-flyout-menu-direction-fade avada-ec-views-v1 awb-link-decoration" data-awb-post-id="5634"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content">Skip to content</a> <div id="boxed-wrapper"> <div id="wrapper" class="fusion-wrapper"> <div id="home" style="position:relative;top:-1px;"></div> <div class="fusion-tb-header"><div class="fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-custom-z-index" style="--link_color: #dc1d3d;--awb-border-sizes-top:0px;--awb-border-sizes-bottom:1px;--awb-border-sizes-left:0px;--awb-border-sizes-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-z-index:99999;--awb-padding-top:16px;--awb-padding-bottom:16px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;" ><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap" style="max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% / 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% / 2 );"><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_6 1_6 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:16.666666666667%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:11.52%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:11.52%;--awb-width-medium:16.666666666667%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:11.52%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:11.52%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-image-element " style="text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);"><span class=" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none"><a class="fusion-no-lightbox" href="https://www.dfaf.org/" target="_self" aria-label="imageedit_16_9875622128"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="287" height="300" src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/imageedit_16_9875622128-287x300.gif" alt class="img-responsive wp-image-2593" srcset="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/imageedit_16_9875622128-287x300.gif 287w, https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/imageedit_16_9875622128-768x802.gif 768w, https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/imageedit_16_9875622128-980x1024.gif 980w" sizes="(max-width: 287px) 100vw, 287px" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:66.666666666667%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.88%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.88%;--awb-width-medium:66.666666666667%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.88%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.88%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><nav class="awb-menu awb-menu_row awb-menu_em-hover mobile-mode-collapse-to-button awb-menu_icons-left awb-menu_dc-yes mobile-trigger-fullwidth-off awb-menu_mobile-toggle awb-menu_indent-left mobile-size-full-absolute loading mega-menu-loading awb-menu_desktop awb-menu_dropdown awb-menu_expand-right awb-menu_transition-fade" style="--awb-line-height:1.2;--awb-margin-top:10px;--awb-text-transform:capitalize;--awb-gap:30px;--awb-items-padding-top:15px;--awb-letter-spacing:0.015em;--awb-submenu-space:17px;--awb-main-justify-content:flex-start;--awb-mobile-justify:flex-start;--awb-mobile-caret-left:auto;--awb-mobile-caret-right:0;--awb-fusion-font-family-typography:"Plus Jakarta Sans";--awb-fusion-font-style-typography:normal;--awb-fusion-font-weight-typography:400;--awb-fusion-font-family-submenu-typography:inherit;--awb-fusion-font-style-submenu-typography:normal;--awb-fusion-font-weight-submenu-typography:400;--awb-fusion-font-family-mobile-typography:inherit;--awb-fusion-font-style-mobile-typography:normal;--awb-fusion-font-weight-mobile-typography:400;" aria-label="DFAF Main Nav 2.0" data-breakpoint="1024" data-count="0" data-transition-type="fade" data-transition-time="300" data-expand="right"><button type="button" class="awb-menu__m-toggle awb-menu__m-toggle_no-text" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="menu-dfaf-main-nav-2-0"><span class="awb-menu__m-toggle-inner"><span class="collapsed-nav-text"><span class="screen-reader-text">Toggle Navigation</span></span><span class="awb-menu__m-collapse-icon awb-menu__m-collapse-icon_no-text"><span class="awb-menu__m-collapse-icon-open awb-menu__m-collapse-icon-open_no-text fa-bars fas"></span><span class="awb-menu__m-collapse-icon-close awb-menu__m-collapse-icon-close_no-text fa-times fas"></span></span></span></button><ul id="menu-dfaf-main-nav-2-0" class="fusion-menu awb-menu__main-ul awb-menu__main-ul_row"><li id="menu-item-5569" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5569 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__main-li_regular" data-item-id="5569"><span class="awb-menu__main-background-default awb-menu__main-background-default_fade"></span><span class="awb-menu__main-background-active awb-menu__main-background-active_fade"></span><a href="https://www.dfaf.org/about/" class="awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_regular"><span class="menu-text">About</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-5575" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5575 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__main-li_regular" data-item-id="5575"><span class="awb-menu__main-background-default awb-menu__main-background-default_fade"></span><span class="awb-menu__main-background-active awb-menu__main-background-active_fade"></span><a href="https://www.dfaf.org/education/" class="awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_regular"><span class="menu-text">Education</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-5666" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5666 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__main-li_regular" data-item-id="5666"><span class="awb-menu__main-background-default awb-menu__main-background-default_fade"></span><span class="awb-menu__main-background-active awb-menu__main-background-active_fade"></span><a href="https://www.dfaf.org/advocacy/" class="awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_regular"><span class="menu-text">Advocacy</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-5570" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-5570 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__main-li_regular" data-item-id="5570"><span class="awb-menu__main-background-default awb-menu__main-background-default_fade"></span><span class="awb-menu__main-background-active awb-menu__main-background-active_fade"></span><a href="https://www.dfaf.org/international-2/" class="awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_regular"><span class="menu-text">International</span><span class="awb-menu__open-nav-submenu-hover"></span></a><button type="button" aria-label="Open submenu of International" aria-expanded="false" class="awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_mobile awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_main"></button><ul class="awb-menu__sub-ul awb-menu__sub-ul_main"><li id="menu-item-5479" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-5479 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li" ><a href="/international-2/#position_statements" class="awb-menu__sub-a"><span>Position Statements</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-5480" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-5480 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li" ><a href="/international-2/#international_news" class="awb-menu__sub-a"><span>International News</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-5571" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5571 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li" ><a href="https://www.dfaf.org/international-2/gtf-activities/" class="awb-menu__sub-a"><span>GTF Activities</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-5747" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent current_page_parent current_page_ancestor menu-item-has-children menu-item-5747 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__main-li_regular" data-item-id="5747"><span class="awb-menu__main-background-default awb-menu__main-background-default_fade"></span><span class="awb-menu__main-background-active awb-menu__main-background-active_fade"></span><a href="https://www.dfaf.org/media/" class="awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_regular"><span class="menu-text">Media</span><span class="awb-menu__open-nav-submenu-hover"></span></a><button type="button" aria-label="Open submenu of Media" aria-expanded="false" class="awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_mobile awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_main"></button><ul class="awb-menu__sub-ul awb-menu__sub-ul_main"><li id="menu-item-5572" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5572 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li" ><a href="https://www.dfaf.org/in-the-news-2/" class="awb-menu__sub-a"><span>In the News</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-5478" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-5478 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li" ><a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/0JxDEmKwvs7n2AC26ca4wt?si=f3bec23c5b5844b0&nd=1&dlsi=21a4fdab46684275" class="awb-menu__sub-a"><span>Podcast</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-5573" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5573 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li" ><a href="https://www.dfaf.org/media/research-blog/" class="awb-menu__sub-a"><span>Research Blog</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-5639" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-5634 current_page_item menu-item-5639 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li" ><a href="https://www.dfaf.org/journal-global-drug-policy-practice/" class="awb-menu__sub-a" aria-current="page"><span>Journal</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-5700" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5700 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__main-li_regular" data-item-id="5700"><span class="awb-menu__main-background-default awb-menu__main-background-default_fade"></span><span class="awb-menu__main-background-active awb-menu__main-background-active_fade"></span><a href="https://www.dfaf.org/events/" class="awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_regular"><span class="menu-text">Events</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-5574" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5574 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__main-li_regular" data-item-id="5574"><span class="awb-menu__main-background-default awb-menu__main-background-default_fade"></span><span class="awb-menu__main-background-active awb-menu__main-background-active_fade"></span><a href="https://www.dfaf.org/contact/" class="awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_regular"><span class="menu-text">Contact</span></a></li></ul></nav></div></div><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_6 1_6 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-padding-left:4px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:16.666666666667%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:11.52%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:11.52%;--awb-width-medium:16.666666666667%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:11.52%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:11.52%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;" data-scroll-devices="small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div ><a class="fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-custom fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type" style="--button_accent_color:var(--awb-color1);--button_accent_hover_color:var(--awb-color1);--button_border_hover_color:var(--awb-color1);--button_gradient_top_color:var(--awb-custom_color_1);--button_gradient_bottom_color:var(--awb-custom_color_1);--button_gradient_top_color_hover:hsla(var(--awb-color5-h),calc(var(--awb-color5-s) - 5%),calc(var(--awb-color5-l) - 10%),var(--awb-color5-a));--button_gradient_bottom_color_hover:hsla(var(--awb-color5-h),calc(var(--awb-color5-s) - 5%),calc(var(--awb-color5-l) - 10%),var(--awb-color5-a));--button_padding-right:42px;--button_padding-left:42px;" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-hover="text_slide_up" title="donate today" aria-label="donate today" href="https://dfaf.networkforgood.com/projects/102898-main-giving-page"><div class="awb-button-text-transition"><span class="fusion-button-text">Donate</span><span class="fusion-button-text">Donate</span></div></a></div></div></div></div></div> </div> <div id="sliders-container" class="fusion-slider-visibility"> </div> <main id="main" class="clearfix width-100"> <div class="fusion-row" style="max-width:100%;"> <section id="content" class="full-width"> <div id="post-5634" class="post-5634 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry"> <span class="entry-title rich-snippet-hidden">The Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice</span><span class="vcard rich-snippet-hidden"><span class="fn"><a href="https://www.dfaf.org/author/admin/" title="Posts by Drug Free America Foundation" rel="author">Drug Free America Foundation</a></span></span><span class="updated rich-snippet-hidden">2024-10-16T10:09:54-04:00</span> <div class="fusion-flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider post-slideshow"> <ul class="slides"> <li><a href="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Untitled-design-4-copy-2.png" data-rel="iLightbox[gallery5634]" title="" data-title="Untitled design (4) copy 2" data-caption=""><img src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Untitled-design-4-copy-2.png" alt="" /></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="post-content"> <div class="fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling" style="--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:40px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;" ><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap" style="max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% / 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% / 2 );"><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-padding-top:56px;--awb-padding-right:110px;--awb-padding-bottom:80px;--awb-padding-left:110px;--awb-bg-color:var(--awb-color1);--awb-bg-color-hover:var(--awb-color1);--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:-200px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;" data-scroll-devices="small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one" style="--awb-sep-color:var(--awb-custom_color_3);"><div class="title-sep-container title-sep-container-left"><div class="title-sep sep-single sep-solid" style="border-color:var(--awb-custom_color_3);"></div></div><span class="awb-title-spacer"></span><h1 class="fusion-title-heading title-heading-center" style="margin:0;"><h1><strong>The Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice</strong></h1></h1><span class="awb-title-spacer"></span><div class="title-sep-container title-sep-container-right"><div class="title-sep sep-single sep-solid" style="border-color:var(--awb-custom_color_3);"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling" style="--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;" ><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap" style="max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% / 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% / 2 );"><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-text fusion-text-1"><p style="text-align: center;"><strong>The Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice</strong> is an international platform dedicated to closing the information gap on drug policy issues. Our mission is to foster understanding and collaboration between the medical-scientific community, policymakers, practitioners, and the public. Our readership includes a diverse range of professionals, such as clinicians, researchers, policymakers, prevention specialists, and anyone interested in gaining insights into drug policy or contributing to its development.</p> <p style="text-align: center;">Originally launched as a joint initiative between the Institute on Global Drug Policy and the International Scientific and Medical Forum on Drug Use, the Journal has served as a trusted resource in the field.</p> </div><div class="fusion-text fusion-text-2"><h3 style="text-align: center;"><strong>Explore past issues of the Journal below</strong></h3> <p style="text-align: center;">We are excited to announce that DFAF is working on the Journal’s revival. Stay tuned for upcoming information on how to submit your work and contribute to this important dialogue.</p> </div></div></div></div></div><div class="fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling" style="--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;" ><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap" style="max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% / 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% / 2 );"><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-builder-row-inner fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap" style="width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% / 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% / 2 );"><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-0 fusion_builder_column_inner_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="accordian fusion-accordian" style="--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-icon-size:16px;--awb-content-font-size:var(--awb-typography4-font-size);--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:var(--awb-color2);--awb-border-color:var(--awb-color3);--awb-background-color:var(--awb-color1);--awb-divider-color:var(--awb-color3);--awb-divider-hover-color:var(--awb-color3);--awb-icon-color:var(--awb-color1);--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);--awb-content-color:var(--awb-color8);--awb-icon-box-color:var(--awb-color8);--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:var(--awb-color5);--awb-title-font-family:var(--awb-typography1-font-family);--awb-title-font-weight:var(--awb-typography1-font-weight);--awb-title-font-style:var(--awb-typography1-font-style);--awb-title-font-size:16px;--awb-title-letter-spacing:var(--awb-typography1-letter-spacing);--awb-title-line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);--awb-content-font-family:var(--awb-typography4-font-family);--awb-content-font-weight:var(--awb-typography4-font-weight);--awb-content-font-style:var(--awb-typography4-font-style);"><div class="panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed" id="accordion-5634-1"><div class="fusion-panel panel-default panel-61804c1fbd81c9afc fusion-toggle-has-divider" style="--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);"><div class="panel-heading"><h4 class="panel-title toggle" id="toggle_61804c1fbd81c9afc"><a aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="61804c1fbd81c9afc" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-5634-1" data-target="#61804c1fbd81c9afc" href="#61804c1fbd81c9afc"><span class="fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><i class="fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></i><i class="fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="fusion-toggle-heading">Volume 12</span></a></h4></div><div id="61804c1fbd81c9afc" class="panel-collapse collapse " aria-labelledby="toggle_61804c1fbd81c9afc"><div class="panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix"> <p><em><strong>Coming soon!</strong></em></p> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-panel panel-default panel-84e562352a26f711c fusion-toggle-has-divider" style="--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);"><div class="panel-heading"><h4 class="panel-title toggle" id="toggle_84e562352a26f711c"><a aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="84e562352a26f711c" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-5634-1" data-target="#84e562352a26f711c" href="#84e562352a26f711c"><span class="fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><i class="fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></i><i class="fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="fusion-toggle-heading">Volume 11</span></a></h4></div><div id="84e562352a26f711c" class="panel-collapse collapse " aria-labelledby="toggle_84e562352a26f711c"><div class="panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix"> <ul> <li><strong><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-11-Issue-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Issue 1</a></strong> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-11-Issue-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>Challenges in the Use and Control of Narcotics</strong> </em></a><br /> In this edition of the Journal, the first of our featured papers, <em>An Analysis of the Data on the Effectiveness of Policies in Controlling Production of Illicit Narcotics in Afghanistan</em>, is by M. Reza Amirkhizi, PhD, lecturer of international law and politics at the University of California, Irvine. His experience with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and Middle East diplomacy render a valuable and unique perspective on the situation of opium production in Afghanistan. The continued cultivation of opium in Afghanistan is quite concerning given its detrimental effect on the security, health and welfare of its citizens and also considering the international support to replace current opium cultivation practices with equally lucrative agricultural alternatives.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-11-Issue-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 2</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-11-Issue-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>World Perspectives on Substance Abuse Policy</strong> </em></a><br /> In this edition, we are pleased to present some different perspectives on substance abuse policy from around the world.Our commentary is offered from Pennsylvania State Representative Matt Baker in his piece, <em>The Worst Drug Epidemic in US History</em>. Rep. Baker outlines the morbid, escalating statistics of overdose deaths in his state and the four areas of focus in Pennsylvania’s strategy to battle these drug issues.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-11-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 3</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-11-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>World Views in Examining Drug Policy</strong> </em></a><br /> In our Commentary, <em>Why I Oppose Legalizing Marijuana</em>, Representative Matt Baker, Chairman, Health Committee, Pennsylvania House of Representatives, succinctly outlines his position based upon his analysis of the available research and information currently available, and urges the public to support our FDA approval process in the development of legitimate medicines.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-11-Issue-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 4</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-11-Issue-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>Marijuana Violence and Law</strong> </em></a><br /> In our Commentary, <em>Is Marijuana a Missing Link?</em>, Dr. Eric Voth, provides his perspective on the evidence of increased marijuana usage and its connection to the upsurge in violent behavior, especially in states that have legalized pot.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-panel panel-default panel-439a3d12940563aad fusion-toggle-has-divider" style="--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);"><div class="panel-heading"><h4 class="panel-title toggle" id="toggle_439a3d12940563aad"><a aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="439a3d12940563aad" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-5634-1" data-target="#439a3d12940563aad" href="#439a3d12940563aad"><span class="fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><i class="fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></i><i class="fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="fusion-toggle-heading">Volume 10</span></a></h4></div><div id="439a3d12940563aad" class="panel-collapse collapse " aria-labelledby="toggle_439a3d12940563aad"><div class="panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix"> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-10-Issue-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 1</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-10-Issue-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>Drug Abuse: Revealing the Impacts through Science</strong> </em></a><br /> In this edition of the Journal, our feature article is by Siskiyou County, CA Sheriff-Coroner Col. Jon E. Lopey, Sr., BA, MJM, FBINA, (USA-Ret) entitled <em>Colorado’s Decriminalization of Marijuana: A Forecast for Justice System Administrators</em>. Col. Lopey provides a comprehensive analysis of research on the impacts and effects experienced as a result of the marijuana legalization movement, especially in Colorado, and its negative implications to all of the citizens of the U.S.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-10-Issue-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 2</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-10-Issue-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>Societal Trends in Drug Use and Policy</strong> </em></a><br /> In this edition of the Journal, our feature article entitled <em>The Hidden Costs of Marijuana Use in Colorado: One Emergency Department’s Experience</em> is by Kenneth Finn, MD, President of Springs Rehab, PC, and Rochelle Salmore, MSN, RN, NE-BC, Nurse Scientist, Penrose St. Francis Health Services (retired). This very significant study provides the results of a unique and timely 6-year quantitative evaluation of the financial impact of marijuana on a Colorado Springs, CO hospital emergency department. The results determined that there were indeed substantial negative consequences from marijuana legalization leading the authors to encourage all hospitals and healthcare facilities to conduct similar fiscal studies.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-10-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 3</strong></a> <ul> <li><em><strong>Developing Substance Abuse Policy: Perspectives from Around </strong></em><em><strong>the World</strong> </em><br /> In this edition of the Journal, we feature a commentary, <em>Getting Serious about Substance Abuse Treatment Requires Adopting the Five-Year Recovery Standard</em>, by Robert L. DuPont, MD, President of the Institute for Behavior and Health. In it, he describes lessons that can be learned from the state physician health programs (PHPs) which set the standards for long-term outcomes for substance use disorders. The U.S. healthcare system is now in the early stages of being transformed to focus intensely on serious chronic disorders including prevention, early intervention, effective treatment and long-term monitoring. Substance use disorders must be a part of this transformation of care management. Dr. DuPont recommends the use of five-year recovery as a standard measure for treatment outcomes.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-panel panel-default panel-929fea27c18d721d0 fusion-toggle-has-divider" style="--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);"><div class="panel-heading"><h4 class="panel-title toggle" id="toggle_929fea27c18d721d0"><a aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="929fea27c18d721d0" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-5634-1" data-target="#929fea27c18d721d0" href="#929fea27c18d721d0"><span class="fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><i class="fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></i><i class="fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="fusion-toggle-heading">Volume 9</span></a></h4></div><div id="929fea27c18d721d0" class="panel-collapse collapse " aria-labelledby="toggle_929fea27c18d721d0"><div class="panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix"> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-9-Issue-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 1</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-9-Issue-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>Bridging the Gap: The Role of Science in Policy II</strong> </em></a><br /> In this edition of the Journal, our theme is “Bridging the Gap: The Role of Science in Policy Part II.” The contributions include an original paper analyzing the state of substance abuse prevention programs.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-9-Issue-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 2</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-9-Issue-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>The Impact of Substance Abuse on Society</strong> </em></a><br /> In this edition of the Journal, our theme is “The Impact of Substance Abuse on Society.” It thoughtfully highlights some important issues in substance abuse.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-9-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 3</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-9-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>Assessing the Impacts of Marijuana in America</strong> </em></a><br /> In this edition, our theme is “Assessing the Impact of Marijuana in America.” The contributions include an original paper entitled, <em>Assessing Physicians’ Perspectives and Knowledge of Medical Marijuana and the Delaware Medical Marijuana Ac</em>t. by Barret Michalec, PhD, Laura Rapp, PhD and Tanya Whittle, MA, that examines physicians’ knowledge regarding marijuana as a treatment and how many physicians lack valuable knowledge of the policy.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-9-Issue-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 4</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-9-Issue-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>Science Gone Bad: From Research Labs to Clandestine Labs</strong> </em></a><br /> Sharon S. Kelley, MS, PhD, of the University of South Florida’s College of Medicine, compares the worldwide crisis incursion of “designer drugs” to a pandemic viral outbreak in her paper entitled, <em>Synthetic Drugs: A “Viral” Outbreak</em>. Her thoughtful and eye-opening assessment sheds a new perspective on the necessity for increased global cooperation and involvement to address the constantly evolving catastrophe.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-panel panel-default panel-d117d264567798d82 fusion-toggle-has-divider" style="--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);"><div class="panel-heading"><h4 class="panel-title toggle" id="toggle_d117d264567798d82"><a aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="d117d264567798d82" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-5634-1" data-target="#d117d264567798d82" href="#d117d264567798d82"><span class="fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><i class="fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></i><i class="fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="fusion-toggle-heading">Volume 8</span></a></h4></div><div id="d117d264567798d82" class="panel-collapse collapse " aria-labelledby="toggle_d117d264567798d82"><div class="panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix"> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-8-Issue-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 1</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-8-Issue-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>Global Substance Abuse Trends: Connecting the Science and the Policy</strong></em></a><br /> Included in this edition of the Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice are the results of a study entitled, “Characteristics and Evidences of Effectiveness of a Locally Developed Prevention Framework: The Community Prevention Education Continuum.” This paper provides a detailed analysis of an on-going Canadian program called Community Prevention Education Continuum (CPEC) that utilizes multiple, concurrent, evidence-based approaches in youth substance abuse prevention and which follows best-practice processes in community action.</li> </ul> </li> <li><strong><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-8-Issue-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Issue 2</a></strong> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-8-Issue-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>The Global Climate of Drug Abuse Part I</strong> </em></a><br /> There are more than 20 states and the District of Columbia that have legalized marijuana under the guise of medicine. Additional states are also considering similar action, either through legislation or ballot initiatives. In this edition of the Journal, our commentary contribution is from the esteemed Harvard Professor of Psychobiology, Dr. Bertha Madras. In her piece, <em>The Medical Marijuana Movement Reflects an Indifference to Public Health</em>, she provides an overview on concerns surrounding the medical efficacy of marijuana.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-8-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 3</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-8-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>The Global Climate of Drug Abuse part II</strong></em></a><br /> In our continuing journey around the world, with the theme of “The Global Climate of Drug Abuse Part II,” we head “Down Under” to hear from several of our colleagues who have shared their global perspectives in the effort to prevent the ravages of substance abuse on world society.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-8-Issue-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 4</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-8-Issue-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>Bridging the Gap: The Role of Science in Policy</strong> </em></a><br /> In this edition of the Journal our theme is, “Bridging the Gap: The Role of Science in Policy.” The contributions include an original brief that provides a legal perspective on current state marijuana policies and a commentary highlighting the significant problem of diversion of prescription drugs among nurses and other healthcare workers.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-panel panel-default panel-40c72d682a5d27ffe fusion-toggle-has-divider" style="--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);"><div class="panel-heading"><h4 class="panel-title toggle" id="toggle_40c72d682a5d27ffe"><a aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="40c72d682a5d27ffe" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-5634-1" data-target="#40c72d682a5d27ffe" href="#40c72d682a5d27ffe"><span class="fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><i class="fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></i><i class="fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="fusion-toggle-heading">Volume 7</span></a></h4></div><div id="40c72d682a5d27ffe" class="panel-collapse collapse " aria-labelledby="toggle_40c72d682a5d27ffe"><div class="panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix"> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-7-Issue-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 1</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-7-Issue-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>THE IMPACT OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE ON THE MIND, BODY AND SOUL PART II</strong></em></a><br /> The topic of substance abuse is a controversial and complex subject. There are few issues today that cause such stir and/or create such strong, passionate feelings and opinions as do the themes surrounding this topic. Although the science and data can be misinterpreted, few could or would deny the overwhelming scientific and anecdotal evidence that supports the conclusion that drugs negatively impact the mind, body and soul of the abuser, their families and communities. In this edition of the Journal, our subject matter experts further explore the complex themes surrounding the world of substance abuse.</li> </ul> </li> <li><strong><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-7-Issue-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Issue 2</a></strong> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-7-Issue-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>Substance Abuse in Our World: Then, Now and Future Part I</strong></em></a><br /> We live in a connected world. What happens in Asia, Africa and Australia impacts North America, Europe and South America. The influence of globalization could not be more evident than in 1he world of substance abuse. A constantly changing, tumultuous and dangerous problem, the global spread of drug abuse presents tremendous social, political and economic challenges to the world as a whole and to each affected region. In this edition of the Journal, our subject matter experts explore substance abuse in different parts of the world and how the associated problems become global problems.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Volume-7-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 3</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Volume-7-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>Substance Abuse in Our World: Then, Now and Future Part II</strong></em></a><br /> In our increasingly connected world, events and trends that originate in one country, region or state impact us all. Globalization influences almost every area of our lives. Even in the realm of substance abuse, what happens in Australia affects what happens in Arkansas. Constantly changing, tumultuous and dangerous, drug abuse and its associated harms present tremendous social, political and economic challenges to the world as a whole and to each affected region. In this edition of the Journal, we present two pieces on important substance abuse issues, written by authors from opposite sides of the globe, which have the potential to affect substance abuse policy and practice world-wide.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-7-Issue-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 4</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-7-Issue-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>The Impact of Drug Policies on Our World</strong></em></a><br /> Colorado, one of the two U.S. states that have legalized marijuana for recreational use, ushered in the New Year with the opening of retail marijuana establishments. Also in 2014, there are additional states considering the legalization of marijuana under the guise of medicine or for the purpose of recreation, either through legislation or ballot initiatives. In this edition of the Journal, a publication entitled, <em>The Economic Impact of Marijuana Legalization</em> compares the benefits and harms of marijuana legalization as it relates to the economy. The author takes a detailed approach when examining the issue and the reader will gain a real-world understanding of the potential consequences of legalizing marijuana.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-1 fusion_builder_column_inner_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="accordian fusion-accordian" style="--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-icon-size:16px;--awb-content-font-size:var(--awb-typography4-font-size);--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:var(--awb-color2);--awb-border-color:var(--awb-color3);--awb-background-color:var(--awb-color1);--awb-divider-color:var(--awb-color3);--awb-divider-hover-color:var(--awb-color3);--awb-icon-color:var(--awb-color1);--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);--awb-content-color:var(--awb-color8);--awb-icon-box-color:var(--awb-color8);--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:var(--awb-color5);--awb-title-font-family:var(--awb-typography1-font-family);--awb-title-font-weight:var(--awb-typography1-font-weight);--awb-title-font-style:var(--awb-typography1-font-style);--awb-title-font-size:16px;--awb-title-letter-spacing:var(--awb-typography1-letter-spacing);--awb-title-line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);--awb-content-font-family:var(--awb-typography4-font-family);--awb-content-font-weight:var(--awb-typography4-font-weight);--awb-content-font-style:var(--awb-typography4-font-style);"><div class="panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed" id="accordion-5634-2"><div class="fusion-panel panel-default panel-4cd93eea944d27009 fusion-toggle-has-divider" style="--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);"><div class="panel-heading"><h4 class="panel-title toggle" id="toggle_4cd93eea944d27009"><a aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="4cd93eea944d27009" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-5634-2" data-target="#4cd93eea944d27009" href="#4cd93eea944d27009"><span class="fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><i class="fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></i><i class="fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="fusion-toggle-heading">Volume 6</span></a></h4></div><div id="4cd93eea944d27009" class="panel-collapse collapse " aria-labelledby="toggle_4cd93eea944d27009"><div class="panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix"> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-6-Issue-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 1</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-6-Issue-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>TRENDS IN SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT PART I</strong></em></a><br /> In this issue, which is the first part of a two-part exploration of the area of substance abuse treatment throughout the world, subject matter experts will examine the evolution of and trends in this ever-changing field. Substance abuse, as a health, economic, and societal concern, is a serious challenge on multiple levels. Substance abuse treatment, as a necessary outcome, is a complicated issue that is shrouded in controversy. However, there is no doubt that treatment is of vital importance to the individual and society in general. Therefore, this edition of the Journal will focus on the issues related to this topic, and on the various substance abuse treatment modalities and approaches used around the world.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-6-Issue-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 2</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-6-Issue-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>TRENDS IN SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT PART II</strong></em></a><br /> In this second part of a two-part exploration of the area of substance abuse treatment throughout the world, subject matter experts will examine specific problems and trends, as they relate to the treatment arena within the international community. Substance abuse, as a health, economic, and societal concern, is a serious global challenge. The subject of substance abuse is a complicated and controversial one, but few would question the assertion that the treatment of drug abuse must be considered when looking at the totality of this issue. The impact of drug abuse spreads from the individual to the community to the society; therefore it must be viewed in a context of how best to deal with its impact from all these perspectives. In this edition of the Journal, we will further focus on issues related to this topic.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-6-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 3</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-6-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>CURRENT INTERNATIONAL TRENDS IN SUBSTANCE ABUSE</strong></em></a><br /> In this issue, subject matter experts will examine new and/or evolving trends popping up on the international substance abuse landscape. Drug abuse continues to be a global challenge on many fronts: societal, economic, and health. The drugs of abuse are constantly changing to meet or create demand, with novel ones being developed or discovered and old ones being altered or intensified. Therefore, this edition of the Journal will focus on the issues related to this topic and hone in on specific areas of concern in the current substance abuse realm.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-6-Issue-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 4</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-6-Issue-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>THE IMPACT OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE ON THE MIND, BODY AND SOUL PART I</strong></em></a><br /> There is a massive amount of scientific and anecdotal evidence that supports the belief that drugs negatively impact the mind, body and soul of those who abuse them. Much of the evidence also shows that the family and surrounding community suffers equally. In this issue of the Journal, subject matter experts explore how substance abuse affects different facets of life.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-panel panel-default panel-8fba985b0ac96978c fusion-toggle-has-divider" style="--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);"><div class="panel-heading"><h4 class="panel-title toggle" id="toggle_8fba985b0ac96978c"><a aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="8fba985b0ac96978c" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-5634-2" data-target="#8fba985b0ac96978c" href="#8fba985b0ac96978c"><span class="fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><i class="fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></i><i class="fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="fusion-toggle-heading">Volume 5</span></a></h4></div><div id="8fba985b0ac96978c" class="panel-collapse collapse " aria-labelledby="toggle_8fba985b0ac96978c"><div class="panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix"> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-5-Issue-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 1</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-5-Issue-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>International Controversies in Drug Treatment</strong></em></a><br /> This issue examines two developments in drug treatment in the United Kingdom and Australia, respectively, to determine their effects on the public health in general and problem drug users in particular.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-5-Issue-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 2</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-5-Issue-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>A Decade of Marijuana</strong></em></a><br /> Currently there are 16 states and the District of Columbia that have legalized marijuana for medicinal purposes. Eight of those states now have a decade-long perspective on the impacts of these laws.In this edition three specific states will be examined, as subject matter experts outline the trials and tribulations related to medical marijuana and the affects it has had over time in their states. Some pertinent points that will be addressed are marijuana dispensaries and marijuana “grow” operations that have developed to meet the demand of individuals seeking to use marijuana as a medicine. A close examination of the impacts on crime, public safety, the environment, businesses, the treatment industry, law enforcement, addiction rates, children, and the communities of these states will be undertaken.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-5-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 3</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-5-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>Evolution of Drug Policy Part I</strong></em></a><br /> In this issue, the drug policy of three countries will be examined, as subject matter experts outline the evolution and history of drug policy from the middle of the 19th century to the present. In detail, the drug policies of Sweden, the Netherlands, and Canada, are explained and explored. Historically, in these countries, drug policies have been less restrictive compared to other Western and/or European countries. The authors will offer specific examples of the history of this trend and how it has impacted society, and how drug policies changed or are evolving.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-5-Issue-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 4</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-5-Issue-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>Evolution of Drug Policy Part II</strong></em></a><br /> In this issue, which is a continuation of the Journal’s exploration of evolving drug policies throughout the world, subject experts will examine the history and evolution of drug policy, as well as the strategies, concerns and problems associated with drug prevalence and use. The policies of Canada and Switzerland are discussed as well as specific issues relating to US drug policies.</li> </ul> </li> <li></li> </ul> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-panel panel-default panel-48e5fea932acf2889 fusion-toggle-has-divider" style="--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);"><div class="panel-heading"><h4 class="panel-title toggle" id="toggle_48e5fea932acf2889"><a aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="48e5fea932acf2889" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-5634-2" data-target="#48e5fea932acf2889" href="#48e5fea932acf2889"><span class="fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><i class="fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></i><i class="fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="fusion-toggle-heading">Volume 4</span></a></h4></div><div id="48e5fea932acf2889" class="panel-collapse collapse " aria-labelledby="toggle_48e5fea932acf2889"><div class="panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix"> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-4-Issues-1-and-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 1 and 2</strong></a> <ul> <li> <div><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-4-Issues-1-and-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>Current Issues Surrounding Marijuana: The Science, the Law, the Victims</strong></em></a><br /> Both the subject of intense controversy and the most widely used illicit drug in the<br /> world, marijuana and its effects merit continued consideration. This issue examines<br /> current medical research into cannabis as well as the state of Oregon’s recent Supreme Court decision about the use of marijuana in the workplace. Experts also document the convergent problems of drug trafficking and animal cruelty.</div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-4-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 3</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-4-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong><em>Substance Abuse and the Role of the Court System: Problems and Policy </em><em>Solutions from Prenatal Exposure to Adulthood</em></strong></a><br /> Drug abuse creates challenges for the individual and society throughout the continuum of life. This issue addresses the effects on society of personal choices about substance abuse at each phase and proposes solutions that incorporate both realism and compassion.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-panel panel-default panel-5713fbf2dd3730def fusion-toggle-has-divider" style="--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);"><div class="panel-heading"><h4 class="panel-title toggle" id="toggle_5713fbf2dd3730def"><a aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="5713fbf2dd3730def" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-5634-2" data-target="#5713fbf2dd3730def" href="#5713fbf2dd3730def"><span class="fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><i class="fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></i><i class="fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="fusion-toggle-heading">Volume 3</span></a></h4></div><div id="5713fbf2dd3730def" class="panel-collapse collapse " aria-labelledby="toggle_5713fbf2dd3730def"><div class="panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix"> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-3-Issue-1_1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 1</strong></a> <ul> <li>This issue focuses on a troubling and increasingly widespread problem – controlling prescription drug abuse. Its complexity requires a more in-depth examination and a longer treatment; hence, the editors decided to include both parts of a two part series in one issue. In our commentary piece, Dr. Robert DuPont reviews the current administration’s approach to medical marijuana.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-3-Issue-2_2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 2</strong></a> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-3-Issue-2_2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>Focus on Marijuana: Science and Policy</strong></em></a><br /> The controversy surrounding marijuana, especially in light of its approval by states for medicinal use, continues to swirl. This issue surveys current research and discusses the drug’s documented harms in the scientific literature.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-3-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 3</strong></a> <ul> <li> <div><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-3-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em><strong>Underage Alcohol Use: An International Challenge</strong></em></a><br /> The following papers represent state-of-the-art positions and information on underage drinking. Prominent in this discussion will be the fact that alcohol appears to affect young drinkers differently than adults. By virtue of their lack of brain development, alcohol exposure in adolescents sets them up for long-term medical consequences and greater likelihood of alcoholism.</div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-3-Issue-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 4</strong></a> <ul> <li> <div><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-3-Issue-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong><em>Drug Abuse Testing in Prevention and Treatment</em></strong></a><br /> The Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice is excited to devote this edition to the critical role of drug testing in combating the worldwide scourge of addiction.</div> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-panel panel-default panel-1cbf16abaebf9600c fusion-toggle-has-divider" style="--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);"><div class="panel-heading"><h4 class="panel-title toggle" id="toggle_1cbf16abaebf9600c"><a aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="1cbf16abaebf9600c" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-5634-2" data-target="#1cbf16abaebf9600c" href="#1cbf16abaebf9600c"><span class="fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><i class="fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></i><i class="fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="fusion-toggle-heading">Volume 2</span></a></h4></div><div id="1cbf16abaebf9600c" class="panel-collapse collapse " aria-labelledby="toggle_1cbf16abaebf9600c"><div class="panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix"> <ul> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-2-Issue-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 1</strong></a> <ul> <li>Advances in pharmaceutical research and production have led to both progress in patient care and increased potential for abuse. This issue seeks to examine the varied hazards of prescribing for psychiatric patients, interventional approaches to chronic pain management, the government’s position on physicians’ liability and the creation of a standard of care for prescribing controlled substances.</li> </ul> </li> <li><strong><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-2-Issue-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Issue 2</a></strong> <ul> <li>A confluence of current research reveals varied findings which impact our understanding of who is at risk for drug abuse. Patterns of prescription opioid abuse and comorbidity, the unique characteristics of adolescent brain function that lead to risky behavior, the vulnerability of some medical specialties to substance abuse and the potential of case management for reducing relapse inform our awareness of the particular risks for abuse within certain population groups.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-2-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 3</strong></a> <ul> <li>Patients struggling with addiction arrive at a doctor’s office or facility seeking help and trusting that physicians of any specialty will be cognizant of their symptoms and determine the best course of treatment for all their medical issues. Psychiatrists, emergency physicians and primary care physicians all may benefit from a heightened awareness of addiction medicine and how coordinating care can be in the patient’s best interest.</li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-2-Issue-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 4</strong></a> <ul> <li>In the Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice, our authors have presented insights that illumine the many aspects of the international drug problem. At this juncture in our world political history, the editors asked for their contributions to a special New Year’s edition.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div></div></div><div class="fusion-panel panel-default panel-c569ffbe43e4e41d4 fusion-toggle-has-divider" style="--awb-title-color:var(--awb-color8);"><div class="panel-heading"><h4 class="panel-title toggle" id="toggle_c569ffbe43e4e41d4"><a aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="c569ffbe43e4e41d4" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion-5634-2" data-target="#c569ffbe43e4e41d4" href="#c569ffbe43e4e41d4"><span class="fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><i class="fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus" aria-hidden="true"></i><i class="fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="fusion-toggle-heading">Volume 1</span></a></h4></div><div id="c569ffbe43e4e41d4" class="panel-collapse collapse " aria-labelledby="toggle_c569ffbe43e4e41d4"><div class="panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix"> <ul> <li><strong><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-1-Issue-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Issue 1</a></strong> <ul> <li>Marijuana: The present challenge and the future of cannabinoid research. <div>Welcome to the inaugural issue of the Journal of Global Drug Policy and Practice, a joint effort of the Institute on Global Drug Policy and the International Scientific and Medical Forum on Drug Abuse.</div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><strong><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-1-Issue-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Issue 2</a></strong> <ul> <li> <div>One of the most difficult subjects to understand and assess in the drug policy and practice field is harm reduction because of disputes about its intent and meaning. Issues 2, 3 and 4 will address the subject in depth with special attention to the history of the concept in a three part series.</div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><strong><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-1-Issue-3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Issue 3</a></strong> <ul> <li> <div>One of the most difficult subjects to understand and assess in the drug policy and practice field is harm reduction because of disputes about its intent and meaning. Issue 3 continues to address the subject in depth with special attention to the history of the concept in the second of a three part series.</div> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vol-1-Issue-4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Issue 4</strong></a> <ul> <li>One of the most difficult subjects to understand and assess in the drug policy and practice field is harm reduction because of disputes about its intent and meaning. Issue 4 continues to address the subject on an international basis with special attention to the history of the concept in the last of a three part series. The editors thank Peter Stoker for his skillful coordination of this multi-issue examination of such a challenging topic.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div> </div> </div> </section> </div>  </main>  <div class="fusion-tb-footer fusion-footer"><div class="fusion-footer-widget-area fusion-widget-area"><div class="fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling" style="--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:4opx;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-background-color:#072e46;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;" ><div class="awb-background-mask" style="background-image: url(data:image/svg+xml;utf8,%3Csvg%20width%3D%221920%22%20height%3D%22954%22%20fill%3D%22none%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Cg%20clip-path%3D%22url%28%23prefix__clip0_58_109%29%22%20fill%3D%22rgba%28224%2C224%2C224%2C1%29%22%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M1020.86%20519.766c6.47-11.566%2022.45-20.942%2035.71-20.942h375.02c30.93%200%2043.77%2021.877%2028.68%2048.863L1204.02%201006H749l271.86-486.234zM1755.66%20419.989c6.47-11.664%2022.45-21.12%2035.7-21.12h391.65c26.5%200%2037.5%2018.912%2024.57%2042.24L1923%20954h-463.62l296.28-534.011z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M1371.86%20126.941c6.47-11.565%2022.46-20.941%2035.71-20.941h376.02c30.93%200%2043.77%2021.877%2028.68%2048.863L1371%20954H914.98l456.88-827.059z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3CclipPath%20id%3D%22prefix__clip0_58_109%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20d%3D%22M0%200h1920v954H0z%22%2F%3E%3C%2FclipPath%3E%3C%2Fdefs%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E);opacity: 0.4 ;transform: scale(1, 1);mix-blend-mode:normal;"></div><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap" style="max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% / 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% / 2 );"><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion_builder_column_1_4 1_4 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:25%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:7.68%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:7.68%;--awb-width-medium:25%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:7.68%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:7.68%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;" data-scroll-devices="small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-image-element " style="--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);"><span class=" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-2 hover-type-none"><img decoding="async" width="267" height="300" title="DFAF-Logo_Center-of-Excellence_Transparent" src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/DFAF-Logo_Center-of-Excellence_Transparent-267x300.png" alt class="img-responsive wp-image-5579" srcset="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/DFAF-Logo_Center-of-Excellence_Transparent-267x300.png 267w, https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/DFAF-Logo_Center-of-Excellence_Transparent-768x864.png 768w, https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/DFAF-Logo_Center-of-Excellence_Transparent-910x1024.png 910w, https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/DFAF-Logo_Center-of-Excellence_Transparent-1366x1536.png 1366w, https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/DFAF-Logo_Center-of-Excellence_Transparent-1821x2048.png 1821w" sizes="(max-width: 267px) 100vw, 267px" /></span></div></div></div><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-7 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-padding-top:48px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;" data-scroll-devices="small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-builder-row-inner fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap" style="width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% / 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% / 2 );"><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-2 fusion_builder_column_inner_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div ><a class="fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-custom fusion-button-default button-2 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type" style="--button_accent_color:#ffffff;--button_border_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_accent_hover_color:var(--awb-color1);--button_border_hover_color:var(--awb-color1);--button_gradient_top_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_gradient_bottom_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_gradient_top_color_hover:hsla(var(--awb-color5-h),calc(var(--awb-color5-s) - 5%),calc(var(--awb-color5-l) - 10%),var(--awb-color5-a));--button_gradient_bottom_color_hover:hsla(var(--awb-color5-h),calc(var(--awb-color5-s) - 5%),calc(var(--awb-color5-l) - 10%),var(--awb-color5-a));--button_font_size:22px;--button_line_height:1.6;--button_padding-top:0px;--button_padding-right:0px;--button_padding-bottom:0px;--button_padding-left:0px;--button_typography-font-family:"Plus Jakarta Sans";--button_typography-font-style:normal;--button_typography-font-weight:400;--button_margin-bottom:32px;" target="_self" title="About DFAF" aria-label="About DFAF" href="https://www.dfaf.org/about/"><span class="fusion-button-text">About DFAF</span></a></div><div ><a class="fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-custom fusion-button-default button-3 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type" style="--button_accent_color:#ffffff;--button_border_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_accent_hover_color:var(--awb-color1);--button_border_hover_color:var(--awb-color1);--button_gradient_top_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_gradient_bottom_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_gradient_top_color_hover:hsla(var(--awb-color5-h),calc(var(--awb-color5-s) - 5%),calc(var(--awb-color5-l) - 10%),var(--awb-color5-a));--button_gradient_bottom_color_hover:hsla(var(--awb-color5-h),calc(var(--awb-color5-s) - 5%),calc(var(--awb-color5-l) - 10%),var(--awb-color5-a));--button_font_size:22px;--button_line_height:1.6;--button_padding-top:0px;--button_padding-right:0px;--button_padding-bottom:0px;--button_padding-left:0px;--button_typography-font-family:"Plus Jakarta Sans";--button_typography-font-style:normal;--button_typography-font-weight:400;--button_margin-bottom:32px;" target="_self" title="Education" aria-label="Education" href="https://www.dfaf.org/education/"><span class="fusion-button-text">Education</span></a></div><div ><a class="fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-custom fusion-button-default button-4 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type" style="--button_accent_color:#ffffff;--button_border_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_accent_hover_color:var(--awb-color1);--button_border_hover_color:var(--awb-color1);--button_gradient_top_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_gradient_bottom_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_gradient_top_color_hover:hsla(var(--awb-color5-h),calc(var(--awb-color5-s) - 5%),calc(var(--awb-color5-l) - 10%),var(--awb-color5-a));--button_gradient_bottom_color_hover:hsla(var(--awb-color5-h),calc(var(--awb-color5-s) - 5%),calc(var(--awb-color5-l) - 10%),var(--awb-color5-a));--button_font_size:22px;--button_line_height:1.6;--button_padding-top:0px;--button_padding-right:0px;--button_padding-bottom:0px;--button_padding-left:0px;--button_typography-font-family:"Plus Jakarta Sans";--button_typography-font-style:normal;--button_typography-font-weight:400;--button_margin-bottom:32px;" target="_self" title="Media" aria-label="Media" href="https://www.dfaf.org/in-the-news-2/"><span class="fusion-button-text">Media</span></a></div></div></div><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-3 fusion_builder_column_inner_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div ><a class="fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-custom fusion-button-default button-5 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type" style="--button_accent_color:#ffffff;--button_border_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_accent_hover_color:var(--awb-color1);--button_border_hover_color:var(--awb-color1);--button_gradient_top_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_gradient_bottom_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_gradient_top_color_hover:hsla(var(--awb-color5-h),calc(var(--awb-color5-s) - 5%),calc(var(--awb-color5-l) - 10%),var(--awb-color5-a));--button_gradient_bottom_color_hover:hsla(var(--awb-color5-h),calc(var(--awb-color5-s) - 5%),calc(var(--awb-color5-l) - 10%),var(--awb-color5-a));--button_font_size:22px;--button_line_height:1.6;--button_padding-top:0px;--button_padding-right:0px;--button_padding-bottom:0px;--button_padding-left:0px;--button_typography-font-family:"Plus Jakarta Sans";--button_typography-font-style:normal;--button_typography-font-weight:400;--button_margin-bottom:32px;" target="_self" title="Research" aria-label="Research" href="https://www.dfaf.org/research-blog/"><span class="fusion-button-text">Research</span></a></div><div ><a class="fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-custom fusion-button-default button-6 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type" style="--button_accent_color:#ffffff;--button_border_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_accent_hover_color:var(--awb-color1);--button_border_hover_color:var(--awb-color1);--button_gradient_top_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_gradient_bottom_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_gradient_top_color_hover:hsla(var(--awb-color5-h),calc(var(--awb-color5-s) - 5%),calc(var(--awb-color5-l) - 10%),var(--awb-color5-a));--button_gradient_bottom_color_hover:hsla(var(--awb-color5-h),calc(var(--awb-color5-s) - 5%),calc(var(--awb-color5-l) - 10%),var(--awb-color5-a));--button_font_size:22px;--button_line_height:1.6;--button_padding-top:0px;--button_padding-right:0px;--button_padding-bottom:0px;--button_padding-left:0px;--button_typography-font-family:"Plus Jakarta Sans";--button_typography-font-style:normal;--button_typography-font-weight:400;--button_margin-bottom:32px;" target="_self" title="International" aria-label="International" href="https://www.dfaf.org/international-2/"><span class="fusion-button-text">International</span></a></div><div ><a class="fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-custom fusion-button-default button-7 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type" style="--button_accent_color:#ffffff;--button_border_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_accent_hover_color:var(--awb-color1);--button_border_hover_color:var(--awb-color1);--button_gradient_top_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_gradient_bottom_color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--button_gradient_top_color_hover:hsla(var(--awb-color5-h),calc(var(--awb-color5-s) - 5%),calc(var(--awb-color5-l) - 10%),var(--awb-color5-a));--button_gradient_bottom_color_hover:hsla(var(--awb-color5-h),calc(var(--awb-color5-s) - 5%),calc(var(--awb-color5-l) - 10%),var(--awb-color5-a));--button_font_size:22px;--button_line_height:1.6;--button_padding-top:0px;--button_padding-right:0px;--button_padding-bottom:0px;--button_padding-left:0px;--button_typography-font-family:"Plus Jakarta Sans";--button_typography-font-style:normal;--button_typography-font-weight:400;--button_margin-bottom:32px;" target="_self" title="Resources" aria-label="Resources" href="https://www.dfaf.org/resources/"><span class="fusion-button-text">Resources</span></a></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-8 fusion_builder_column_1_4 1_4 fusion-flex-column" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:25%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:7.68%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:7.68%;--awb-width-medium:25%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:7.68%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:7.68%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column"><div class="fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-div" style="--awb-text-color:#ffffff;--awb-margin-top:14px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-font-size:32px;"><div class="fusion-title-heading title-heading-right title-heading-tag" style="margin:0;font-size:1em;">(727) 828-0211</div></div><div class="fusion-text fusion-text-3 fusion-text-no-margin" style="--awb-content-alignment:right;--awb-text-color:#ffffff;--awb-margin-bottom:24px;"><p>info@dfaf.org</p> </div><div class="fusion-text fusion-text-4 fusion-text-no-margin" style="--awb-content-alignment:right;--awb-text-color:#ffffff;--awb-margin-bottom:24px;"><p><strong>Drug Free America Foundation, Inc.</strong></p> </div><div class="fusion-text fusion-text-5 fusion-text-no-margin" style="--awb-content-alignment:right;--awb-text-color:#ffffff;--awb-margin-bottom:24px;"><p>333 3rd Ave N #200, St. Petersburg, FL 33701</p> </div><a href="https://www.guidestar.org/profile/shared/964b28b9-cfef-4749-8236-8460a442299a" target="_blank"> <img decoding="async" src="https://widgets.guidestar.org/TransparencySeal/7933271" style="float: right;" /> </a> </div></div></div></div> </div></div> </div>  </div>  <a class="fusion-one-page-text-link fusion-page-load-link" tabindex="-1" href="#" aria-hidden="true">Page load link</a> <div class="avada-footer-scripts"> <script> window.RS_MODULES = window.RS_MODULES || {}; window.RS_MODULES.modules = window.RS_MODULES.modules || {}; window.RS_MODULES.waiting = window.RS_MODULES.waiting || []; window.RS_MODULES.defered = false; window.RS_MODULES.moduleWaiting = window.RS_MODULES.moduleWaiting || {}; window.RS_MODULES.type = 'compiled'; </script> <div id="wonderpluginlightbox_options" data-skinsfoldername="skins/default/" data-jsfolder="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/plugins/wonderplugin-lightbox/engine/" data-autoslide="false" data-showall="false" data-slideinterval="5000" data-showtimer="true" data-timerposition="bottom" data-timerheight="2" data-timercolor="#dc572e" data-timeropacity="1" data-navarrowspos="inside" data-closepos="outside" data-enteranimation="" data-exitanimation="" data-showplaybutton="true" data-alwaysshownavarrows="false" data-bordersize="8" data-showtitleprefix="true" data-responsive="true" data-fullscreenmode="false" data-fullscreentextoutside="true" data-closeonoverlay="true" data-videohidecontrols="false" data-mutevideo="false" data-nativehtml5controls="false" data-enableclick="false" data-enablespacekey="false" data-initvimeo="true" data-inityoutube="true" data-titlestyle="bottom" data-imagepercentage="75" data-enabletouchswipe="true" data-supportdynamiccontent="false" data-autoplay="true" data-html5player="true" data-overlaybgcolor="#000" data-overlayopacity="0.8" data-defaultvideovolume="1" data-bgcolor="#FFF" data-borderradius="0" data-thumbwidth="96" data-thumbheight="72" data-thumbtopmargin="12" data-thumbbottommargin="12" data-barheight="64" data-showtitle="true" data-titleprefix="%NUM / %TOTAL" data-titlebottomcss="color:#333; font-size:14px; font-family:Armata,sans-serif,Arial; overflow:hidden; text-align:left;" data-showdescription="true" data-descriptionbottomcss="color:#333; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; overflow:hidden; text-align:left; margin:4px 0px 0px; padding: 0px;" data-titleinsidecss="color:#fff; font-size:16px; font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; overflow:hidden; text-align:left;" data-descriptioninsidecss="color:#fff; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; overflow:hidden; text-align:left; margin:4px 0px 0px; padding: 0px;" data-titleoutsidecss="color:#fff; font-size:18px; font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; overflow:hidden; text-align:center; margin: 8px;" data-descriptionoutsidecss="color:#fff; font-size:14px; font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; overflow:hidden; text-align:center; margin:8px; padding: 0px;" data-videobgcolor="#000" data-html5videoposter="" data-responsivebarheight="false" data-smallscreenheight="415" data-barheightonsmallheight="48" data-notkeepratioonsmallheight="false" data-showsocial="false" data-socialposition="position:absolute;top:100%;right:0;" data-socialpositionsmallscreen="position:absolute;top:100%;right:0;left:0;" data-socialdirection="horizontal" data-socialbuttonsize="32" data-socialbuttonfontsize="18" data-socialrotateeffect="true" data-showfacebook="true" data-showtwitter="true" data-showpinterest="true" data-bordertopmargin="48" data-shownavigation="true" data-navbgcolor="rgba(0,0,0,0.2)" data-shownavcontrol="true" data-hidenavdefault="false" data-hidenavigationonmobile="false" data-hidenavigationonipad="false" data-ga4account="" data-googleanalyticsaccount="" data-wonderplugin-lightbox-options="e9f888eee2" data-_wp_http_referer="/wp-admin/admin.php?page=wonderplugin_lightbox_show_options" style="display:none;"></div><div class="wonderplugin-engine"><a href="http://www.wonderplugin.com/wordpress-lightbox/" title="WordPress Lightbox">WordPress Lightbox</a></div><div class="wppopups-whole" style="display: none"></div><script type="text/javascript">var fusionNavIsCollapsed=function(e){var t,n;window.innerWidth<=e.getAttribute("data-breakpoint")?(e.classList.add("collapse-enabled"),e.classList.remove("awb-menu_desktop"),e.classList.contains("expanded")||(e.setAttribute("aria-expanded","false"),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("fusion-mobile-menu-collapsed",{bubbles:!0,cancelable:!0}))),(n=e.querySelectorAll(".menu-item-has-children.expanded")).length&&n.forEach(function(e){e.querySelector(".awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_mobile").setAttribute("aria-expanded","false")})):(null!==e.querySelector(".menu-item-has-children.expanded .awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_click")&&e.querySelector(".menu-item-has-children.expanded .awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_click").click(),e.classList.remove("collapse-enabled"),e.classList.add("awb-menu_desktop"),e.setAttribute("aria-expanded","true"),null!==e.querySelector(".awb-menu__main-ul")&&e.querySelector(".awb-menu__main-ul").removeAttribute("style")),e.classList.add("no-wrapper-transition"),clearTimeout(t),t=setTimeout(()=>{e.classList.remove("no-wrapper-transition")},400),e.classList.remove("loading")},fusionRunNavIsCollapsed=function(){var e,t=document.querySelectorAll(".awb-menu");for(e=0;e<t.length;e++)fusionNavIsCollapsed(t[e])};function avadaGetScrollBarWidth(){var e,t,n,l=document.createElement("p");return l.style.width="100%",l.style.height="200px",(e=document.createElement("div")).style.position="absolute",e.style.top="0px",e.style.left="0px",e.style.visibility="hidden",e.style.width="200px",e.style.height="150px",e.style.overflow="hidden",e.appendChild(l),document.body.appendChild(e),t=l.offsetWidth,e.style.overflow="scroll",t==(n=l.offsetWidth)&&(n=e.clientWidth),document.body.removeChild(e),jQuery("html").hasClass("awb-scroll")&&10<t-n?10:t-n}fusionRunNavIsCollapsed(),window.addEventListener("fusion-resize-horizontal",fusionRunNavIsCollapsed);</script><link rel='stylesheet' id='rs-plugin-settings-css' href='https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/plugins/revslider/public/assets/css/rs6.css?ver=6.6.14' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='rs-plugin-settings-inline-css' type='text/css'> #rs-demo-id {} </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=2810c76e705dd1a53b18" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wppopups-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wppopups_vars = {"is_admin":"","ajax_url":"https:\/\/www.dfaf.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","pid":"5634","is_front_page":"","is_blog_page":"","is_category":"","site_url":"https:\/\/www.dfaf.org","is_archive":"","is_search":"","is_singular":"1","is_preview":"","facebook":"","twitter":"","val_required":"This field is required.","val_url":"Please enter a valid URL.","val_email":"Please enter a valid email address.","val_number":"Please enter a valid number.","val_checklimit":"You have exceeded the number of allowed selections: {#}.","val_limit_characters":"{count} of {limit} max characters.","val_limit_words":"{count} of {limit} max words."}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-popups-lite/src/assets/js/wppopups.js?ver=2.1.5.5" id="wppopups-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=6LdExLcZAAAAAP3Nj6OXufTkQ8hF5DHJxFj7naZq&ver=2.4.2" id="recaptcha-lib-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/plugins/constant-contact-forms/assets/js/ctct-plugin-recaptcha.min.js?ver=2.4.2" id="recaptcha-v3-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="recaptcha-v3-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ recaptchav3 = {"site_key":"6LdExLcZAAAAAP3Nj6OXufTkQ8hF5DHJxFj7naZq"} /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/plugins/constant-contact-forms/assets/js/ctct-plugin-frontend.min.js?ver=2.4.2" id="ctct_frontend_forms-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="rocket-browser-checker-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ "use strict";var _createClass=function(){function defineProperties(target,props){for(var i=0;i<props.length;i++){var descriptor=props[i];descriptor.enumerable=descriptor.enumerable||!1,descriptor.configurable=!0,"value"in descriptor&&(descriptor.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(target,descriptor.key,descriptor)}}return function(Constructor,protoProps,staticProps){return protoProps&&defineProperties(Constructor.prototype,protoProps),staticProps&&defineProperties(Constructor,staticProps),Constructor}}();function _classCallCheck(instance,Constructor){if(!(instance instanceof Constructor))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}var RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker=function(){function RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker(options){_classCallCheck(this,RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker),this.passiveSupported=!1,this._checkPassiveOption(this),this.options=!!this.passiveSupported&&options}return _createClass(RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker,[{key:"_checkPassiveOption",value:function(self){try{var options={get passive(){return!(self.passiveSupported=!0)}};window.addEventListener("test",null,options),window.removeEventListener("test",null,options)}catch(err){self.passiveSupported=!1}}},{key:"initRequestIdleCallback",value:function(){!1 in window&&(window.requestIdleCallback=function(cb){var start=Date.now();return setTimeout(function(){cb({didTimeout:!1,timeRemaining:function(){return Math.max(0,50-(Date.now()-start))}})},1)}),!1 in window&&(window.cancelIdleCallback=function(id){return clearTimeout(id)})}},{key:"isDataSaverModeOn",value:function(){return"connection"in navigator&&!0===navigator.connection.saveData}},{key:"supportsLinkPrefetch",value:function(){var elem=document.createElement("link");return elem.relList&&elem.relList.supports&&elem.relList.supports("prefetch")&&window.IntersectionObserver&&"isIntersecting"in IntersectionObserverEntry.prototype}},{key:"isSlowConnection",value:function(){return"connection"in navigator&&"effectiveType"in navigator.connection&&("2g"===navigator.connection.effectiveType||"slow-2g"===navigator.connection.effectiveType)}}]),RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker}(); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="rocket-preload-links-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var RocketPreloadLinksConfig = {"excludeUris":"\/(?:.+\/)?feed(?:\/(?:.+\/?)?)?$|\/(?:.+\/)?embed\/|\/(index.php\/)?(.*)wp-json(\/.*|$)|\/refer\/|\/go\/|\/recommend\/|\/recommends\/","usesTrailingSlash":"1","imageExt":"jpg|jpeg|gif|png|tiff|bmp|webp|avif|pdf|doc|docx|xls|xlsx|php","fileExt":"jpg|jpeg|gif|png|tiff|bmp|webp|avif|pdf|doc|docx|xls|xlsx|php|html|htm","siteUrl":"https:\/\/www.dfaf.org","onHoverDelay":"100","rateThrottle":"3"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="rocket-preload-links-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ (function() { "use strict";var r="function"==typeof Symbol&&"symbol"==typeof Symbol.iterator?function(e){return typeof e}:function(e){return e&&"function"==typeof Symbol&&e.constructor===Symbol&&e!==Symbol.prototype?"symbol":typeof e},e=function(){function i(e,t){for(var n=0;n<t.length;n++){var i=t[n];i.enumerable=i.enumerable||!1,i.configurable=!0,"value"in i&&(i.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(e,i.key,i)}}return function(e,t,n){return t&&i(e.prototype,t),n&&i(e,n),e}}();function i(e,t){if(!(e instanceof t))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}var t=function(){function n(e,t){i(this,n),this.browser=e,this.config=t,this.options=this.browser.options,this.prefetched=new Set,this.eventTime=null,this.threshold=1111,this.numOnHover=0}return e(n,[{key:"init",value:function(){!this.browser.supportsLinkPrefetch()||this.browser.isDataSaverModeOn()||this.browser.isSlowConnection()||(this.regex={excludeUris:RegExp(this.config.excludeUris,"i"),images:RegExp(".("+this.config.imageExt+")$","i"),fileExt:RegExp(".("+this.config.fileExt+")$","i")},this._initListeners(this))}},{key:"_initListeners",value:function(e){-1<this.config.onHoverDelay&&document.addEventListener("mouseover",e.listener.bind(e),e.listenerOptions),document.addEventListener("mousedown",e.listener.bind(e),e.listenerOptions),document.addEventListener("touchstart",e.listener.bind(e),e.listenerOptions)}},{key:"listener",value:function(e){var t=e.target.closest("a"),n=this._prepareUrl(t);if(null!==n)switch(e.type){case"mousedown":case"touchstart":this._addPrefetchLink(n);break;case"mouseover":this._earlyPrefetch(t,n,"mouseout")}}},{key:"_earlyPrefetch",value:function(t,e,n){var i=this,r=setTimeout(function(){if(r=null,0===i.numOnHover)setTimeout(function(){return i.numOnHover=0},1e3);else if(i.numOnHover>i.config.rateThrottle)return;i.numOnHover++,i._addPrefetchLink(e)},this.config.onHoverDelay);t.addEventListener(n,function e(){t.removeEventListener(n,e,{passive:!0}),null!==r&&(clearTimeout(r),r=null)},{passive:!0})}},{key:"_addPrefetchLink",value:function(i){return this.prefetched.add(i.href),new Promise(function(e,t){var n=document.createElement("link");n.rel="prefetch",n.href=i.href,n.onload=e,n.onerror=t,document.head.appendChild(n)}).catch(function(){})}},{key:"_prepareUrl",value:function(e){if(null===e||"object"!==(void 0===e?"undefined":r(e))||!1 in e||-1===["http:","https:"].indexOf(e.protocol))return null;var t=e.href.substring(0,this.config.siteUrl.length),n=this._getPathname(e.href,t),i={original:e.href,protocol:e.protocol,origin:t,pathname:n,href:t+n};return this._isLinkOk(i)?i:null}},{key:"_getPathname",value:function(e,t){var n=t?e.substring(this.config.siteUrl.length):e;return n.startsWith("/")||(n="/"+n),this._shouldAddTrailingSlash(n)?n+"/":n}},{key:"_shouldAddTrailingSlash",value:function(e){return this.config.usesTrailingSlash&&!e.endsWith("/")&&!this.regex.fileExt.test(e)}},{key:"_isLinkOk",value:function(e){return null!==e&&"object"===(void 0===e?"undefined":r(e))&&(!this.prefetched.has(e.href)&&e.origin===this.config.siteUrl&&-1===e.href.indexOf("?")&&-1===e.href.indexOf("#")&&!this.regex.excludeUris.test(e.href)&&!this.regex.images.test(e.href))}}],[{key:"run",value:function(){"undefined"!=typeof RocketPreloadLinksConfig&&new n(new RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker({capture:!0,passive:!0}),RocketPreloadLinksConfig).init()}}]),n}();t.run(); }()); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=6LdExLcZAAAAAP3Nj6OXufTkQ8hF5DHJxFj7naZq&ver=3.0" id="google-recaptcha-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill.min.js?ver=3.15.0" id="wp-polyfill-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wpcf7-recaptcha-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wpcf7_recaptcha = {"sitekey":"6LdExLcZAAAAAP3Nj6OXufTkQ8hF5DHJxFj7naZq","actions":{"homepage":"homepage","contactform":"contactform"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/modules/recaptcha/index.js?ver=5.8.5" id="wpcf7-recaptcha-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.dfaf.org/wp-content/uploads/fusion-scripts/31e5a4692726c97d18818f9c0347b8d1.min.js?ver=3.11.9" id="fusion-scripts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.addEventListener("load", function(event) { jQuery(".cfx_form_main,.wpcf7-form,.wpforms-form,.gform_wrapper form").each(function(){ var form=jQuery(this); var screen_width=""; var screen_height=""; if(screen_width == ""){ if(screen){ screen_width=screen.width; }else{ screen_width=jQuery(window).width(); } } if(screen_height == ""){ if(screen){ screen_height=screen.height; }else{ screen_height=jQuery(window).height(); } } form.append('<input type="hidden" name="vx_width" value="'+screen_width+'">'); form.append('<input type="hidden" name="vx_height" value="'+screen_height+'">'); form.append('<input type="hidden" name="vx_url" value="'+window.location.href+'">'); }); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery( document ).ready( function() { var ajaxurl = 'https://www.dfaf.org/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php'; if ( 0 < jQuery( '.fusion-login-nonce' ).length ) { jQuery.get( ajaxurl, { 'action': 'fusion_login_nonce' }, function( response ) { jQuery( '.fusion-login-nonce' ).html( response ); }); } }); </script> </div> <section class="to-top-container to-top-right" aria-labelledby="awb-to-top-label"> <a href="#" id="toTop" class="fusion-top-top-link"> <span id="awb-to-top-label" class="screen-reader-text">Go to Top</span> </a> </section> </body> </html>