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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hastert_Rule&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Hastert Rule">Hastert Rule</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Informal governing principle used in the US Congress</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dennis_Hastert_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Dennis_Hastert_2.jpg/220px-Dennis_Hastert_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Dennis_Hastert_2.jpg/330px-Dennis_Hastert_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Dennis_Hastert_2.jpg/440px-Dennis_Hastert_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hastert" title="Dennis Hastert">Dennis Hastert</a> explicitly adopted the majority of the majority rule after becoming Speaker of the House.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Hastert rule</b>, also known as the <b>"majority of the majority" rule</b>, is an informal governing principle used in the United States by <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speakers of the House of Representatives</a> since the mid-1990s to maintain their speakerships<sup id="cite_ref-ball_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ball-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and limit the power of the minority party to bring <a href="/wiki/Bill_(law)" title="Bill (law)">bills</a> up for a vote on the <a href="/wiki/Floor_(legislative)" title="Floor (legislative)">floor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-crawford_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crawford-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the doctrine, the speaker will not allow a <a href="/wiki/Floor_vote" class="mw-redirect" title="Floor vote">floor vote</a> on a bill unless a majority of the majority party supports the bill.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under House rules, the speaker schedules floor votes on pending legislation. The Hastert rule says that the speaker will not schedule a floor vote on any bill that does not have majority support within their party—even if the majority of the members of the House would vote to pass it. The rule keeps the minority party from passing bills with the assistance of a minority of majority party members. In the House, 218 votes are needed to pass a bill; if 200 <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrats</a> are the minority and 235 Republicans are the majority, the Hastert rule would not allow 200 Democrats and 100 Republicans together to pass a bill, because 100 Republican votes is short of a majority of the majority party, so the speaker would not allow a vote to take place.<sup id="cite_ref-welna_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-welna-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Hastert rule is an informal rule and the speaker is not bound by it; they may break it at their discretion. Speakers have at times broken the Hastert rule and allowed votes to be scheduled on legislation that lacked majority support within the Speaker's own party. <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hastert" title="Dennis Hastert">Dennis Hastert</a> alleged the rule was "kind of a misnomer" in that it "never really existed" as a rule. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hastert_rule&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Hastert rule's introduction is credited to former House speaker <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hastert" title="Dennis Hastert">Dennis Hastert</a>; however, <a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Newt Gingrich</a>, who directly preceded Hastert as speaker (1995–1999), followed the same rule.<sup id="cite_ref-feehery_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-feehery-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The notion of the rule arose out of a debate in 2006 over whether Hastert should bring an <a href="/wiki/Immigration_reform_in_the_US" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigration reform in the US">immigration reform</a> bill to the House floor after it had been passed by the Senate. "It was pretty obvious at that point that it didn't have the votes to move it out, especially in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States House Committee on the Judiciary">Judiciary Committee</a>," he said later. "It was pretty well stacked with people who weren't willing to move."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Speakers'_views_and_uses_of_the_policy"><span id="Speakers.27_views_and_uses_of_the_policy"></span>Speakers' views and uses of the policy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hastert_rule&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Speakers' views and uses of the policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tip_O%27Neill" title="Tip O'Neill">Tip O'Neill</a> (Speaker from 1977 to 1987): According to <a href="/wiki/John_Feehery" title="John Feehery">John Feehery</a>, a Hastert aide and speechwriter who coined the term "majority of the majority", O'Neill let the Republicans "run the floor" because he did not have the votes and because he believed that if he gave President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> "enough rope, he would end up strangling himself".<sup id="cite_ref-Feehery_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Feehery-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Foley" title="Tom Foley">Tom Foley</a> (1989–1995): In 2004, Foley said, "I think you don't want to bring bills to the floor that a majority of your party is opposed to routinely but sometimes when a great issue is at stake, I think you need to do that."<sup id="cite_ref-NewsHour_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NewsHour-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Newt Gingrich (1995–1999): Although the majority-of-the-majority rule had not been articulated at the time, Gingrich followed it in practice.<sup id="cite_ref-feehery_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-feehery-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Dennis Hastert (1999–2007): In 2003 Hastert said, "On occasion, a particular issue might excite a majority made up mostly of the minority. Campaign finance is a particularly good example of this phenomenon. [But] the job of speaker is not to expedite legislation that runs counter to the wishes of the majority of his majority."<sup id="cite_ref-WaPo2004_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo2004-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his speakership, he broke the Hastert Rule a dozen times.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In mid-2013 he said, "If you start to rely on the minority to get the majority of your votes, then all of a sudden you're not running the shop anymore."<sup id="cite_ref-strong_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-strong-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later that year, Hastert said, "The Hastert Rule never really existed. It's a non-entity as far as I'm concerned." Reflecting on his time as speaker, he said, "This wasn't a rule. I was speaking philosophically at the time.... The Hastert Rule is kind of a misnomer."<sup id="cite_ref-it_never_existed_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-it_never_existed-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a> (2007–2011, 2019–2023): In 2003 Pelosi, then the <a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives">House Minority leader</a> under Speaker Hastert, decried the Hastert rule as a partisan attempt to marginalize elected members of the Democratic Party in Congress.<sup id="cite_ref-ball_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ball-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2007 Pelosi said, "I'm the Speaker of the House...I have to take into consideration something broader than the majority of the majority in the <a href="/wiki/House_Democratic_Caucus" title="House Democratic Caucus">Democratic Caucus</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-davis_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-davis-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She also said at that time, "I would encourage my colleagues not to be proposing resolutions that say 'the majority of the majority does this or that.' We have to talk it out, see what is possible to get a job done. And as I say, we do that together."<sup id="cite_ref-davis_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-davis-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pelosi's former chief of staff, George Crawford, expanded upon this saying, "On the larger issue of the 'majority of the majority,' she has talked about that for quite a while. She does want the minority party to engage in the legislative process... That's the kind of Speakership she wants."<sup id="cite_ref-davis_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-davis-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Boehner.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/John_Boehner.jpg/220px-John_Boehner.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/John_Boehner.jpg/330px-John_Boehner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/John_Boehner.jpg/440px-John_Boehner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>Speaker John Boehner violated the Hastert rule at least six times.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/John_Boehner" title="John Boehner">John Boehner</a> (2011–2015): <ul><li>In December 2012 Boehner told his caucus in a <a href="/wiki/Conference_call" title="Conference call">conference call</a>, "I'm not interested in passing something with mostly Democrat votes" and that did not have the support of the majority of the Republican caucus.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nonetheless, Boehner allowed a vote on January 1, 2013, on the <a href="/wiki/American_Taxpayer_Relief_Act_of_2012" title="American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012">American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012</a> (also known as the "<a href="/wiki/Fiscal_cliff" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiscal cliff">fiscal cliff</a> bill") with only 85 out of 241 Republicans in favor (a support level of only 35%) and the bill passed with the support of 90% of Democrats (172 out of 191).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bill's passage marked the first time in more than ten years that a measure passed a Republican-controlled House when opposed by a majority of House Republicans.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response, former House Speaker Hastert criticized Boehner for not adhering to the "majority of the majority" governing principle by saying, "Maybe you can do it once, maybe you can do it twice, but when you start making deals when you have to get Democrats to pass the legislation, you are not in power anymore."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Two weeks later, on January 15, 2013, Boehner allowed a vote on aid to victims of <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Sandy" title="Hurricane Sandy">Hurricane Sandy</a> to take place without the support of a majority of the Republican caucus.<sup id="cite_ref-goddard_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-goddard-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The vote passed with 241 votes, but only 49 of the votes were from Republicans or a mere 21% of the majority.<sup id="cite_ref-bodyblows_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bodyblows-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since then some notable Republicans have publicly questioned whether the "majority of the majority" rule is still viable or have proposed jettisoning it altogether.<sup id="cite_ref-bodyblows_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bodyblows-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-surrender_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-surrender-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-frum_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frum-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In spite of all the criticism, on February 28, 2013, Boehner brought a third bill for a vote on the floor of the house which did not have support of majority of Republicans. The bill, an extension of the <a href="/wiki/Violence_Against_Women_Act" title="Violence Against Women Act">Violence Against Women Act</a>, received the vote of only 38% of the Republicans in the House of Representatives.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On April 9, 2013, the "rule" was violated a fourth time, on a bill about federal acquisition of historic sites. The bill was passed with more than two thirds of the House vote but without a majority of the GOP caucus.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly thereafter, Boehner said, "Listen: It was never a rule to begin with. And certainly my prerogative – my intention is to always pass bills with strong Republican support."<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On October 16, 2013, Boehner again violated the rule by allowing a floor vote to reopen the government and raise the <a href="/wiki/United_States_debt_ceiling" title="United States debt ceiling">debt ceiling</a>. The House voted 285 to 144 less than three hours after the Senate overwhelmingly passed the <a href="/wiki/Continuing_Appropriations_Act,_2014" title="Continuing Appropriations Act, 2014">Continuing Appropriations Act, 2014</a>. The "yea" votes consisted of 198 Democrats and only 87 Republicans, less than 40% of the conference.<sup id="cite_ref-politicobudget_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-politicobudget-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On February 11, 2014, Boehner broke the rule by allowing a floor vote on a "clean" <a href="/wiki/United_States_debt_ceiling" title="United States debt ceiling">debt ceiling</a> bill. The bill passed the house 221–201, with only 28 Republicans voting "yea" along with 193 Democrats.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Paul Ryan</a> (2015–2019): Ryan promised his caucus that he would apply the Hastert rule to <a href="/wiki/Immigration_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Immigration policy of the United States">immigration bills</a> proposed during his tenure as speaker, although conflicting reports have also interpreted his statements as a more blanket application of the rule.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout his speakership, Ryan did not violate the majority-of-the-majority rule.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">Mike Johnson</a> (2023-present): Johnson was named speaker after <a href="/wiki/Kevin_McCarthy" title="Kevin McCarthy">Kevin McCarthy</a> was <a href="/wiki/Removal_of_Kevin_McCarthy_as_Speaker_of_the_House" title="Removal of Kevin McCarthy as Speaker of the House">vacated as Speaker</a> by all Democrats and 8 Republicans who objected to him passing a spending bill that they viewed as insufficiently conservative, with 209 Democrats voting for it and only one against while only 126 Republicans voted for it and 90 voted against.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Johnson then passed a spending bill that went further, violating the Hastert rule by passing a spending bill that only 101 Republicans voted in favor and 112 voted against.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April, another bill, this time for Ukraine aid, passed with 101 Republicans voting in favor and 112 against.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an interview with <i>Politico</i>, Johnson claimed that neither vote was knowingly brought up with the support below half, with the former having eight floor defects (whipping putting it at 109 in favor to 104 against) and the latter not being whipped.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commentary">Commentary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hastert_rule&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Commentary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Conservative groups within the Republican Party have supported the majority-of-the-majority rule. For example, in 2013 a group of conservative movement groups, including <a href="/wiki/Heritage_Action" title="Heritage Action">Heritage Action</a>, <a href="/wiki/Club_for_Growth" title="Club for Growth">Club for Growth</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_Conservative_Union" title="American Conservative Union">American Conservative Union</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Family_Research_Council" title="Family Research Council">Family Research Council</a> all called on Republican speaker Boehner to stick with the Hastert rule and to formally codify it as a House rule.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2022 United States House of Representatives elections">2022 elections</a>, in which Republicans narrowly took control of the House of Representatives, formalization of the "majority of the majority" rule was one of the demands that the right-wing <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Caucus" title="Freedom Caucus">Freedom Caucus</a> presented to <a href="/wiki/Kevin_McCarthy" title="Kevin McCarthy">Kevin McCarthy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Commentators' views about the Hastert rule are generally negative, with observers considering it a "structural barrier to compromise".<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Norman_Ornstein" title="Norman Ornstein">Norman Ornstein</a> of the <a href="/wiki/American_Enterprise_Institute" title="American Enterprise Institute">American Enterprise Institute</a>, an expert on Congress, opposes the rule, arguing that it is a major reason why bills passed on a bipartisan basis in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a> are often not later introduced in the House.<sup id="cite_ref-welna_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-welna-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ornstein notes that the speaker is the leader of their party but is also "a constitutional officer" who is "ratified by the whole House" and as such has a duty to put the House ahead of their party at crucial times.<sup id="cite_ref-WaPo2004_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo2004-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>George Crawford, writing in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i>, observed that by restricting legislative proposals to those approved by the majority of the speaker's caucus and marginalizing the influence of the minority power, the rule can lead to a breakdown of the legislative process, radicalization of the members of the minority party, and enactment of legislation that does not reflect the broad areas of agreement.<sup id="cite_ref-crawford_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crawford-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Klein" title="Ezra Klein">Ezra Klein</a>, while at <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>, wrote that the Hastert rule is "more of an aspiration" than a rule and that codifying it as a formal rule would be detrimental to House Republicans, as it would prevent them from voting against bills that the Republican caucus wanted passed but that a majority of Republicans wanted to oppose for ideological or political reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-klein_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-klein-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Yglesias" title="Matthew Yglesias">Matthew Yglesias</a>, writing in <i><a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a></i>, has contended that the rule, while flawed, is better than the alternatives and that the dynamic prior to its adoption was "a weird kind of super-empowerment of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Rules" title="United States House Committee on Rules">Rules committee</a> that allowed it to arbitrarily bottle up proposals."<sup id="cite_ref-cartels_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cartels-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Senator <a href="/wiki/Angus_King" title="Angus King">Angus King</a> of <a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a>, as well as commentators such as Rex Huppke of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Chicago_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="The Chicago Tribune">The Chicago Tribune</a></i> and Eric Black of <i><a href="/wiki/MinnPost" title="MinnPost">MinnPost</a></i> have blamed the Hastert rule for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_government_shutdown_of_2013" class="mw-redirect" title="United States government shutdown of 2013">government shutdown of October 2013</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-timesrecord_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-timesrecord-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Huppke added facetiously, "Here's the fun part: the Hastert Rule isn't an official rule, or an official anything. It's just a made-up concept, like <a href="/wiki/Bipartisanship" title="Bipartisanship">bipartisanship</a> or polite discourse."<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a>'s Ben White has called the Hastert rule "perhaps the most over-hyped phenomena in politics", since Republican speakers "have regularly violated the rule when it was in their interest to do so".<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Senator <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Whitehouse" title="Sheldon Whitehouse">Sheldon Whitehouse</a>, Democrat of Rhode Island, pointed out in a 2013 speech that on the few occasions that the House approved key bipartisan legislation during the <a href="/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress" title="113th United States Congress">113th Congress</a>, it was because Speaker Boehner did not apply the Hastert rule. Whitehouse cited the farm bill, emergency Hurricane Sandy aid, and averting "fiscal cliff" tax rises as examples of what might be accomplished with House Democrats' and some Republicans' help. While acknowledging abuse of the Senate filibuster as a factor in gridlock, Whitehouse said the Hastert rule in the House was "probably the most significant contributor to dysfunction in Washington right now".<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discharge_petition">Discharge petition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hastert_rule&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Discharge petition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hastert_rule&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2014</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Discharge_petition" title="Discharge petition">discharge petition</a> signed by at least 218 members from any party is the only way to force consideration of a bill that does not have the support of the speaker. However, discharge petitions are rarely successful, as a member of the majority party defying their party's leadership by signing a discharge petition can expect retribution from the leadership.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hastert_rule&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caucus_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Caucus System">Caucus System</a>, New Jersey's similar system</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condorcet_paradox" title="Condorcet paradox">Condorcet paradox</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hastert_rule&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ball-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ball_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ball_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBall2013" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Molly_Ball" title="Molly Ball">Ball, Molly</a> (July 21, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2013/07/even-the-aide-who-coined-the-hastert-rule-says-the-hastert-rule-isnt-working/277961/">"Even the Aide Who Coined the Hastert Rule Says the Hastert Rule Isn't Working"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=Even+the+Aide+Who+Coined+the+Hastert+Rule+Says+the+Hastert+Rule+Isn%27t+Working&rft.date=2013-07-21&rft.aulast=Ball&rft.aufirst=Molly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fpolitics%2Farchive%2F2013%2F07%2Feven-the-aide-who-coined-the-hastert-rule-says-the-hastert-rule-isnt-working%2F277961%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-crawford-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-crawford_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=The+%27majority+of+the+majority%27+doctrine&rft.date=2007-09-19&rft.aulast=Crawford&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fbusiness-a-lobbying%2Fk-street-insiders%2Fk-street-insiders%2F17684-the-majority-of-the-majority-doctrine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShermanAllen2011" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jake_Sherman_(journalist)" title="Jake Sherman (journalist)">Sherman, Jake</a>; Allen, Jonathan (July 30, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0711/60296.html">"Boehner seeks 'majority of the majority'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Boehner+seeks+%27majority+of+the+majority%27&rft.date=2011-07-30&rft.aulast=Sherman&rft.aufirst=Jake&rft.au=Allen%2C+Jonathan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fnews%2Fstories%2F0711%2F60296.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-welna-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-welna_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-welna_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWelna2012" class="citation news cs1">Welna, David (December 2, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/blogs/itsallpolitics/2012/12/02/166268748/the-3-unofficial-gop-rules-that-are-making-a-deficit-deal-even-harder">"The 3 Unofficial GOP Rules That Are Making A Deficit Deal Even Harder"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+3+Unofficial+GOP+Rules+That+Are+Making+A+Deficit+Deal+Even+Harder&rft.date=2012-12-02&rft.aulast=Welna&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fblogs%2Fitsallpolitics%2F2012%2F12%2F02%2F166268748%2Fthe-3-unofficial-gop-rules-that-are-making-a-deficit-deal-even-harder&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-feehery-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-feehery_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-feehery_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link 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href="http://www.nationalreview.com/article/426097/paul-ryan-pledges-no-immigration-reform-under-obama-elaina-plott">"Paul Ryan Pledges: No Immigration Reform under Obama"</a>. <i>National Review</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Review&rft.atitle=Paul+Ryan+Pledges%3A+No+Immigration+Reform+under+Obama&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalreview.com%2Farticle%2F426097%2Fpaul-ryan-pledges-no-immigration-reform-under-obama-elaina-plott&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2016" class="citation news cs1">Evans, Garrett (2016-04-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/homenews/house/277957-house-conservatives-push-for-strong-majority-of-majority-rule/">"House conservatives push for strong majority of majority rule"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=House+conservatives+push+for+strong+majority+of+majority+rule&rft.date=2016-04-28&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Garrett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Fhouse%2F277957-house-conservatives-push-for-strong-majority-of-majority-rule%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/118-2023/h513">"H.R. 5860: Making continuing appropriations for fiscal year 2024, and … -- House Vote #513 -- Sep 30, 2023"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=H.R.+5860%3A+Making+continuing+appropriations+for+fiscal+year+2024%2C+and+%E2%80%A6+--+House+Vote+%23513+--+Sep+30%2C+2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.govtrack.us%2Fcongress%2Fvotes%2F118-2023%2Fh513&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuigley2024" class="citation news cs1">Quigley, Aidan (March 22, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rollcall.com/2024/03/22/house-passes-sweeping-fiscal-2024-spending-package/">"House passes sweeping fiscal 2024 spending package"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Roll_Call" title="Roll Call">Roll Call</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Roll+Call&rft.atitle=House+passes+sweeping+fiscal+2024+spending+package&rft.date=2024-03-22&rft.aulast=Quigley&rft.aufirst=Aidan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frollcall.com%2F2024%2F03%2F22%2Fhouse-passes-sweeping-fiscal-2024-spending-package%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/2024151">https://clerk.house.gov/Votes/2024151</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation is required to prevent link rot. (August 2024)">bare URL</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLizzaBade2024" class="citation web cs1">Lizza, Ryan; Bade, Rachael (May 10, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2024/05/10/mike-johnson-interview-strategy-00157133">"Mike Johnson Told Us What He Really Thinks About Joe Biden, Hakeem Jeffries and Donald Trump"</a>. <i>Politico</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Mike+Johnson+Told+Us+What+He+Really+Thinks+About+Joe+Biden%2C+Hakeem+Jeffries+and+Donald+Trump&rft.date=2024-05-10&rft.aulast=Lizza&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.au=Bade%2C+Rachael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fnews%2Fmagazine%2F2024%2F05%2F10%2Fmike-johnson-interview-strategy-00157133&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDumain2013" class="citation web cs1">Dumain, Emma (11 June 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rollcall.com/2013/06/11/conservatives-call-on-boehner-to-stick-with-hastert-rule/">"Conservatives Call on Boehner to Stick With 'Hastert Rule'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Roll Call</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Roll+Call&rft.atitle=Conservatives+Call+on+Boehner+to+Stick+With+%27Hastert+Rule%27&rft.date=2013-06-11&rft.aulast=Dumain&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frollcall.com%2F2013%2F06%2F11%2Fconservatives-call-on-boehner-to-stick-with-hastert-rule%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heritageaction.com/press/conservative-action-project-formally-pass-hastert-rule-remain-united">Conservative Action Project: Formally Pass Hastert Rule, Remain United</a> (press release) (June 10, 2013).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Matt Fuller, Sam Brodey & Zachary Petrizzo, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20221110170558/https://www.thedailybeast.com/kevin-mccarthys-speakership-is-in-trouble-before-it-starts?ref=scroll">Kevin McCarthy’s Speakership Is in Trouble Before It Starts</a>, <i>Daily Beast</i> (November 10, 2022).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHurse2016" class="citation news cs1">Hurse, Carl (May 2, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/03/us/politics/now-dennis-hastert-seems-an-architect-of-dysfunction-as-speaker.html">"Now, Dennis Hastert Seems an Architect of Dysfunction as Speaker"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 30,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Now%2C+Dennis+Hastert+Seems+an+Architect+of+Dysfunction+as+Speaker&rft.date=2016-05-02&rft.aulast=Hurse&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F05%2F03%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fnow-dennis-hastert-seems-an-architect-of-dysfunction-as-speaker.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-klein-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-klein_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlein2013" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Klein" title="Ezra Klein">Klein, Ezra</a> (June 18, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/06/18/is-boehner-bluffing-on-the-hastert-rule-even-he-doesnt-know/">"Is Boehner bluffing on the Hastert rule? Even he doesn't know"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Is+Boehner+bluffing+on+the+Hastert+rule%3F+Even+he+doesn%27t+know.&rft.date=2013-06-18&rft.aulast=Klein&rft.aufirst=Ezra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fblogs%2Fwonkblog%2Fwp%2F2013%2F06%2F18%2Fis-boehner-bluffing-on-the-hastert-rule-even-he-doesnt-know%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cartels-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cartels_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYglesias2013" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Yglesias" title="Matthew Yglesias">Yglesias, Matthew</a> (January 2, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.com/blogs/moneybox/2013/01/02/why_party_cartels_matter.html">"Boehner to Reid: "Go F—— Yourself"; Why Party Cartels Matter"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=Boehner+to+Reid%3A+%22Go+F%E2%80%94%E2%80%94+Yourself%22%3B+Why+Party+Cartels+Matter&rft.date=2013-01-02&rft.aulast=Yglesias&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slate.com%2Fblogs%2Fmoneybox%2F2013%2F01%2F02%2Fwhy_party_cartels_matter.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-timesrecord-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-timesrecord_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131017161908/http://www.timesrecord.com/news/2013-10-17/Nation/King_Hastert_rule_added_to_gridlock.html">"King: 'Hastert rule' added to gridlock"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. October 17, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesrecord.com/news/2013-10-17/Nation/King_Hastert_rule_added_to_gridlock.html">the original</a> on 2013-10-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-10-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=King%3A+%27Hastert+rule%27+added+to+gridlock&rft.date=2013-10-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesrecord.com%2Fnews%2F2013-10-17%2FNation%2FKing_Hastert_rule_added_to_gridlock.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlack2013" class="citation news cs1">Black, Eric (October 2, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minnpost.com/eric-black-ink/2013/10/what-s-behind-shutdown-put-hastert-rule-and-constitution-your-list">"What's behind the shutdown? Put 'Hastert Rule' and Constitution on your list"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/MinnPost" title="MinnPost">MinnPost</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MinnPost&rft.atitle=What%27s+behind+the+shutdown%3F+Put+%27Hastert+Rule%27+and+Constitution+on+your+list&rft.date=2013-10-02&rft.aulast=Black&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minnpost.com%2Feric-black-ink%2F2013%2F10%2Fwhat-s-behind-shutdown-put-hastert-rule-and-constitution-your-list&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuppke2013" class="citation news cs1">Huppke, Rex (October 17, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-talk-huppke-shutdown-lessons-20131017,0,1883429.story">"We'll miss the countdown to catastrophe"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Chicago_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="The Chicago Tribune">The Chicago Tribune</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=We%27ll+miss+the+countdown+to+catastrophe&rft.date=2013-10-17&rft.aulast=Huppke&rft.aufirst=Rex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Fnews%2Fct-talk-huppke-shutdown-lessons-20131017%2C0%2C1883429.story&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2013" class="citation news cs1">White, Ben (November 25, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2013/11/25/a-winter-of-bitter-discontent-in-dc-maybe-not.html">"A winter of bitter discontent in DC? Maybe not"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+winter+of+bitter+discontent+in+DC%3F+Maybe+not&rft.date=2013-11-25&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2013%2F11%2F25%2Fa-winter-of-bitter-discontent-in-dc-maybe-not.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCox2013" class="citation web cs1">Cox, Ramsey (24 January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221212201211/https://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/senate/140153-whitehouse-blames-deadly-tea-party-and-hastert-rule-for-dysfunction/">"Whitehouse blames 'deadly' Tea Party and Hastert Rule for 'dysfunction'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/senate/140153-whitehouse-blames-deadly-tea-party-and-hastert-rule-for-dysfunction/">the original</a> on December 12, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=Whitehouse+blames+%27deadly%27+Tea+Party+and+Hastert+Rule+for+%27dysfunction%27&rft.date=2013-01-24&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=Ramsey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fblogs%2Ffloor-action%2Fsenate%2F140153-whitehouse-blames-deadly-tea-party-and-hastert-rule-for-dysfunction%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CREC-2013-01-23/pdf/CREC-2013-01-23.pdf">159 Cong. Rec. S205-S207</a> (daily ed. Jan. 23, 2013).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackman2013" class="citation web cs1">Jackman, Molly (2013-08-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brookings.edu/research/letting-majorities-rule-the-potential-impact-of-the-discharge-rule-on-the-fate-of-immigration-reform/">"Letting Majorities Rule: The Potential Impact of the Discharge Rule on the Fate of Immigration Reform -"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Brookings_Institution" class="mw-redirect" title="The Brookings Institution">The Brookings Institution</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Letting+Majorities+Rule%3A+The+Potential+Impact+of+the+Discharge+Rule+on+the+Fate+of+Immigration+Reform+-&rft.pub=The+Brookings+Institution&rft.date=2013-08-29&rft.aulast=Jackman&rft.aufirst=Molly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brookings.edu%2Fresearch%2Fletting-majorities-rule-the-potential-impact-of-the-discharge-rule-on-the-fate-of-immigration-reform%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hastert_rule&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160506164221/http://politics.nytimes.com/congress/votes/house/hastert-rule">"House Votes Violating the "Hastert Rule"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politics.nytimes.com/congress/votes/house/hastert-rule">the original</a> on May 6, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=House+Votes+Violating+the+%22Hastert+Rule%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpolitics.nytimes.com%2Fcongress%2Fvotes%2Fhouse%2Fhastert-rule&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHastert+rule" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Motion_(parliamentary_procedure)#Main_motion" title="Motion (parliamentary procedure)">Main motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agenda_(meeting)#Order_of_business" title="Agenda (meeting)">Order of business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minutes" title="Minutes">Minutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voting_methods_in_deliberative_assemblies" title="Voting methods in deliberative assemblies">Voting methods in deliberative assemblies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majority" title="Majority">Majority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unanimous_consent" title="Unanimous consent">Unanimous consent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Motion_(parliamentary_procedure)#Subsidiary_motion" title="Motion (parliamentary procedure)">Subsidiary motions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postpone_indefinitely" title="Postpone indefinitely">Postpone indefinitely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amend_(motion)" title="Amend (motion)">Amend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee#Commit_(motion)" title="Committee">Commit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postpone_to_a_certain_time" title="Postpone to a certain time">Postpone to a certain time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debate_(parliamentary_procedure)#Motion_to_limit_or_extend_limits_of_debate" title="Debate (parliamentary procedure)">Limit or extend limits of debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Previous_question" title="Previous question">Previous question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloture" title="Cloture">Cloture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Table (parliamentary procedure)">Lay on the table</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Motion_(parliamentary_procedure)#Privileged_motion" title="Motion (parliamentary procedure)">Privileged motions</a></th><td 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Point_of_order" title="Point of order">Point of order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appeal_(motion)" title="Appeal (motion)">Appeal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspension_of_the_rules" title="Suspension of the rules">Suspend the rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objection_to_the_consideration_of_a_question" title="Objection to the consideration of a question">Objection to the consideration of a question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Division_of_a_question" title="Division of a question">Division of a question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consideration_by_paragraph_or_seriatim" class="mw-redirect" title="Consideration by paragraph or seriatim">Consideration by paragraph or seriatim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Division_of_the_assembly" title="Division of the assembly">Division of the assembly</a></li> <li><a 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href="/wiki/119th_United_States_Congress" title="119th United States Congress">119th</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_United_States_Congress" title="Lists of United States Congress">Lists of United States Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Members_and_leaders" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_congress" title="Member of congress">Members and leaders</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Membership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_by_longevity_of_service" title="List of members of the United States Congress by longevity of service">By length of service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_by_brevity_of_service" title="List of members of the United States Congress by brevity of service">By shortness of service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_youngest_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of youngest members of the United States Congress">Youngest members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-voting_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives">Non-voting members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unseated_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Unseated members of the United States Congress">Unseated members</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_senators" title="List of current United States senators">Members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Seniority in the United States Senate">seniority</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Dean of the United States Senate">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_United_States_senators" title="List of former United States senators">Former</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_expelled_or_censured" title="List of United States senators expelled or censured">Expelled or censured</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_senators" title="Classes of United States senators">Classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_born_outside_the_United_States" title="List of United States senators born outside the United States">Born outside the U.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resignation_from_the_United_States_Senate" title="Resignation from the United States Senate">Resigned</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_appointed_United_States_senators" title="List of appointed United States senators">Appointed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_who_switched_parties" title="List of United States senators who switched parties">Switched parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of current members of the United States House of Representatives">Members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Seniority in the United States House of Representatives">seniority</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Dean of the United States House of Representatives">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of former members of the United States House of Representatives">Former</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_expelled,_censured,_or_reprimanded" title="List of United States representatives expelled, censured, or reprimanded">Expelled, censured, and reprimanded</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_who_served_a_single_term" title="List of members of the United States House of Representatives who served a single term">Served a single term</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_who_lost_re-election_in_a_primary" title="List of members of the United States House of Representatives who lost re-election in a primary">Lost re-election in a primary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_who_switched_parties" title="List of United States representatives who switched parties">Switched parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members-elect_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_who_never_took_their_seats" title="List of members-elect of the United States House of Representatives who never took their seats">Elected but did not serve</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_90th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 90th United States Congress">90th (1967)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_91st_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 91st United States Congress">91st (1969)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_92nd_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 92nd United States Congress">92nd (1971)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_93rd_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 93rd United States Congress">93rd (1973)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_94th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 94th United States Congress">94th (1975)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_95th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 95th United States Congress">95th (1977)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_96th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 96th United States Congress">96th (1979)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_97th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 97th United States Congress">97th (1981)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_98th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 98th United States Congress">98th (1983)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_99th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 99th United States Congress">99th (1985)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_100th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 100th United States Congress">100th (1987)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_101st_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 101st United States Congress">101st (1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_102nd_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 102nd United States Congress">102nd (1991)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_103rd_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 103rd United States Congress">103rd (1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_104th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 104th United States Congress">104th (1995)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_105th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 105th United States Congress">105th (1997)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_106th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 106th United States Congress">106th (1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_107th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 107th United States Congress">107th (2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_108th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 108th United States Congress">108th (2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_109th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 109th United States Congress">109th (2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_110th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 110th United States Congress">110th (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_111th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 111th United States Congress">111th (2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_112th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 112th United States Congress">112th (2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_113th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 113th United States Congress">113th (2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_114th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 114th United States Congress">114th (2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_115th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 115th United States Congress">115th (2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_116th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 116th United States Congress">116th (2019)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_117th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 117th United States Congress">117th (2021)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_118th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 118th United States Congress">118th (2023)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">President pro tempore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="List of presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Party leaders of the United States Senate">Leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Democratic_Caucus" title="Senate Democratic Caucus">Democratic Caucus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Democratic_Caucus#Chairs" title="Senate Democratic Caucus">Chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Democratic_Caucus#Caucus_secretary" title="Senate Democratic Caucus">Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Democratic_Policy_Committee" title="United States Senate Democratic Policy Committee">Policy Committee Chair</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Conference" title="Senate Republican Conference">Republican Conference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Conference#List_of_conference_chairmen_and_chairwomen" title="Senate Republican Conference">Chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Conference#List_of_Secretary_and_Vice_Chairman" title="Senate Republican Conference">Vice-Chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Republican_Policy_Committee" title="United States Senate Republican Policy Committee">Policy Committee Chair</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of speakers of the United States House of Representatives">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives">Leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bipartisan_Legal_Advisory_Group" title="Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group">Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_Democratic_Caucus" title="House Democratic Caucus">Democratic Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference" title="House Republican Conference">Republican Conference</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_congressional_districts" title="List of United States congressional districts">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_apportionment" title="United States congressional apportionment">Apportionment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerrymandering#United_States" title="Gerrymandering">Gerrymandering</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Congressional_caucus" title="Congressional caucus">Congressional caucus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caucuses_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Caucuses of the United States Congress">Caucuses of the United States Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethnic and racial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="African Americans in the United States Congress">African-American members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_United_States_senators" title="List of African-American United States senators">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_United_States_representatives" title="List of African-American United States representatives">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Black_Caucus" title="Congressional Black Caucus">Black Caucus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arab_and_Middle_Eastern_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Arab and Middle Eastern Americans in the United States Congress">Arab and Middle Eastern members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_Americans_and_Pacific_Islands_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Asian Americans and Pacific Islands Americans in the United States Congress">Asian Pacific American members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Asian_Pacific_American_Caucus" title="Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus">Asian Pacific American Caucus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States Congress">Hispanic and Latino members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States Congress">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Hispanic_Caucus" title="Congressional Hispanic Caucus">Hispanic Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Hispanic_Conference" title="Congressional Hispanic Conference">Hispanic Conference</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jewish_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Jewish members of the United States Congress">Jewish members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Jewish_Caucus" title="Congressional Jewish Caucus">Congressional Jewish Caucus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Native_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Native Americans in the United States Congress">Native American members</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gender and sexual identity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBT_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="List of LGBT members of the United States Congress">LGBT members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Equality_Caucus" title="Congressional Equality Caucus">Equality Caucus</a></li></ul></li> <li>Women <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Women in the United States Senate">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Women in the United States House of Representatives">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Caucus_for_Women%27s_Issues" title="Congressional Caucus for Women's Issues">Issues Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives#Current_female_members" title="Women in the United States House of Representatives">current House</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Occupation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Physicians_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="Physicians in the United States Congress">Physicians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Buddhist_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Buddhist members of the United States Congress">Buddhist members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Hindu members of the United States Congress">Hindu members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jewish_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Jewish members of the United States Congress">Jewish members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mormon_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Mormon members of the United States Congress">Mormon (LDS) members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Muslim_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Muslim members of the United States Congress">Muslim members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Quaker_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Quaker members of the United States Congress">Quaker members</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dalip_Singh_Saund" title="Dalip Singh Saund">Sikh members</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_longest-serving_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of historical longest-serving members of the United States Congress">By length of service historically</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_by_wealth" title="List of current members of the United States Congress by wealth">Current members by wealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_from_multiple_states" title="List of members of the United States Congress from multiple states">From multiple states</a></li> <li>Died in office <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_who_died_in_office_(1790%E2%80%931899)" title="List of United States Congress members who died in office (1790–1899)">1790–1899</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_who_died_in_office_(1900%E2%80%931949)" title="List of United States Congress members who died in office (1900–1949)">1900–1949</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_who_died_in_office_(1950%E2%80%931999)" title="List of United States Congress members who died in office (1950–1999)">1950–1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_who_died_in_office_(2000%E2%80%93)" title="List of United States Congress members who died in office (2000–)">2000–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_killed_or_wounded_in_office" title="List of United States Congress members killed or wounded in office">Killed or wounded in office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_party_switchers_in_the_United_States" title="List of party switchers in the United States">Party switchers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_who_owned_slaves" title="List of members of the United States Congress who owned slaves">Slave owners</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Powers,_privileges,_procedure,_committees,_history,_media" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Powers, privileges, procedure, committees, history, media</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Powers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Article_One_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Article One of the United States Constitution">Article I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copyright_Clause" title="Copyright Clause">Copyright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commerce_Clause" title="Commerce Clause">Commerce</a> <a href="/wiki/Dormant_Commerce_Clause" title="Dormant Commerce Clause">(Dormant)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contempt_of_Congress" title="Contempt of Congress">Contempt of Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_war_by_the_United_States" title="Declaration of war by the United States">Declaration of war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment in the United States">Impeachment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_in_the_United_States" title="Impeachment inquiry in the United States">Inquiries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_trial_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment trial in the United States">Trial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_nationality_law" title="United States nationality law">Naturalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necessary_and_Proper_Clause" title="Necessary and Proper Clause">"Necessary and Proper"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_power_of_enforcement" title="Congressional power of enforcement">Power of enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxing_and_Spending_Clause" title="Taxing and Spending Clause">Taxing/spending</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Privileges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salaries_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Salaries of members of the United States Congress">Salaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franking" title="Franking">Franking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speech_or_Debate_Clause" title="Speech or Debate Clause">Immunity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Procedure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Congress" title="Act of Congress">Act of Congress</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_federal_legislation" title="List of United States federal legislation">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appropriations_bill_(United_States)" title="Appropriations bill (United States)">Appropriation bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_(United_States_Congress)" title="Bill (United States Congress)">Bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_budget_process" title="United States budget process">Budget process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censure_in_the_United_States" title="Censure in the United States">Censure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_session_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Closed session of the United States Congress">Closed sessions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Closed_sessions_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Closed sessions of the United States House of Representatives">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_sessions_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Closed sessions of the United States Senate">Senate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloture" title="Cloture">Cloture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concurrent_resolution" title="Concurrent resolution">Concurrent resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuing_resolution" title="Continuing resolution">Continuing resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dear_Colleague_letter_(United_States)" title="Dear Colleague letter (United States)">Dear Colleague letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discharge_petition" title="Discharge petition">Discharge petition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrolled_bill" title="Enrolled bill">Enrolled bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expulsion_from_the_United_States_Congress" title="Expulsion from the United States Congress">Expulsion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_resolution" title="Joint resolution">Joint resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_session_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Joint session of the United States Congress">Joint session</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_joint_sessions_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of joint sessions of the United States Congress">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lame-duck_session" title="Lame-duck session">Lame-duck session</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_minute" title="Magic minute">Magic minute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastert_Rule" class="mw-redirect" title="Hastert Rule">Majority of the majority (Hastert Rule)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple_referral" title="Multiple referral">Multiple referral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procedures_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Procedures of the United States House of Representatives">House procedures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quorum_call" title="Quorum call">Quorum call</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconciliation_(United_States_Congress)" title="Reconciliation (United States Congress)">Reconciliation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rider_(legislation)" title="Rider (legislation)">Rider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxbe_fix" title="Saxbe fix">Saxbe fix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sponsor_(legislative)" title="Sponsor (legislative)">Sponsorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspension_of_the_rules_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="Suspension of the rules in the United States Congress">Suspension of the rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unanimous_consent" title="Unanimous consent">Unanimous consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veto" title="Veto">Veto</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Line-item_veto" title="Line-item veto">Line-item veto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_veto" title="Pocket veto">Pocket veto</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate-specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advice_and_consent" title="Advice and consent">Advice and consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_slip_(U.S._Senate)" title="Blue slip (U.S. Senate)">Blue slip (U.S. Senate)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_senators" title="Classes of United States senators">Classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_communication" title="Executive communication">Executive communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_session" title="Executive session">Executive session</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filibuster_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Filibuster in the United States Senate">Filibuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%27s_Manual" title="Jefferson's Manual">Jefferson's <i>Manual</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Journal" title="United States Senate Journal"><i>Senate Journal</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morning_business" title="Morning business">Morning business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_option" title="Nuclear option">Nuclear option</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presiding_Officer_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Presiding Officer of the United States Senate">Presiding Officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recess_appointment" title="Recess appointment">Recess appointment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconciliation_(United_States_Congress)" title="Reconciliation (United States Congress)">Reconciliation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riddick%27s_Senate_Procedure" title="Riddick's Senate Procedure">Riddick's Senate Procedure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_hold" title="Senate hold">Senate hold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senatorial_courtesy" title="Senatorial courtesy">Senatorial courtesy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Seniority in the United States Senate">Seniority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_Rules_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Standing Rules of the United States Senate">Standing Rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tie-breaking_votes_cast_by_the_vice_president_of_the_United_States" title="List of tie-breaking votes cast by the vice president of the United States">Tie-breaking votes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditions_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Traditions of the United States Senate">Traditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_Clause" title="Treaty Clause">Treaty Clause</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_committee" title="United States congressional committee">Committees</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson">Chairman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ranking_member" title="Ranking member">ranking member</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_the_Whole_(United_States_House_of_Representatives)" title="Committee of the Whole (United States House of Representatives)">Of the Whole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_conference_committee" title="United States congressional conference committee">Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discharge_petition" title="Discharge petition">Discharge petition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_hearing" title="United States congressional hearing">Hearings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markup_(legislation)" title="Markup (legislation)">Markup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_oversight" title="Congressional oversight">Oversight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_congressional_joint_committees" title="List of United States congressional joint committees">List (Joint)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_House_of_Representatives_committees" title="List of United States House of Representatives committees">List (House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senate_committees" title="List of United States Senate committees">List (Senate)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Select_or_special_committee_(United_States_Congress)" title="Select or special committee (United States Congress)">Select and special</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_committee_(United_States_Congress)" title="Standing committee (United States Congress)">Standing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_subcommittee" title="United States congressional subcommittee">Subcommittees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Items</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gavel#United_States_Congress_gavels" title="Gavel">Gavels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mace_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Mace of the United States House of Representatives">Mace of the House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Seal of the United States Senate">Seal of the Senate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="History of the United States Congress">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="History of the United States House of Representatives">House history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._representative_bibliography_(congressional_memoirs)" title="U.S. representative bibliography (congressional memoirs)">memoirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="List of Speaker of the United States House of Representatives elections">speaker elections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="History of the United States Senate">Senate history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senate_election_disputes" title="List of United States Senate election disputes">election disputes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._senator_bibliography_(congressional_memoirs)" title="U.S. senator bibliography (congressional memoirs)">memoirs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Hall" title="Federal Hall">Federal Hall (1789–1790)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_Hall" title="Congress Hall">Congress Hall (1790–1800)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Brick_Capitol" title="Old Brick Capitol">Old Brick Capitol (1815–1819)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress"><i>Biographical Directory</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divided_government_in_the_United_States" title="Divided government in the United States">Divided government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_divisions_of_United_States_Congresses" title="Party divisions of United States Congresses">Party divisions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Quarterly" title="Congressional Quarterly">Congressional Quarterly</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roll_Call" title="Roll Call">Roll Call</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Capitol_Complex_(Capitol_Hill)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Complex" title="United States Capitol Complex">Capitol Complex</a> (<a href="/wiki/Capitol_Hill" title="Capitol Hill">Capitol Hill</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legislative<br />offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_staff" title="Congressional staff">Congressional staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Accountability_Office" title="Government Accountability Office">Gov. Accountability Office (GAO)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comptroller_General_of_the_United_States" title="Comptroller General of the United States">Comptroller General</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architect_of_the_Capitol" title="Architect of the Capitol">Architect of the Capitol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Police" title="United States Capitol Police">Cap. Police</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Police_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitol Police Board">Board</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Guide_Service" title="United States Capitol Guide Service">Cap. Guide Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Budget_Office" title="Congressional Budget Office">Congr. Budget Office (CBO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Congressional_Workplace_Rights" title="Office of Congressional Workplace Rights">Congr. Workplace Rights (OCWR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Publishing_Office" title="United States Government Publishing Office">Gov. Publishing Office (GPO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Technology_Assessment" title="Office of Technology Assessment">Technology Assessment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curator_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Curator of the United States Senate">Curator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historian_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Historian of the United States Senate">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Library" title="United States Senate Library">Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Congressional_Ethics" title="Office of Congressional Ethics">Congr. Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Office_of_Emergency_Planning,_Preparedness,_and_Operations" title="United States House of Representatives Office of Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations">Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Office_of_Interparliamentary_Affairs" title="United States House of Representatives Office of Interparliamentary Affairs">Interparliamentary Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Law_Revision_Counsel" title="Office of the Law Revision Counsel">Law Revision Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Legislative_Counsel" title="Office of the Legislative Counsel">Legislative Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Library" title="United States House of Representatives Library">Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Employees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Secretary of the United States Senate">Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Chaplain of the United States Senate">Chaplain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curator_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Curator of the United States Senate">Curator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historian_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Historian of the United States Senate">Historian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Librarian" title="United States Senate Librarian">Librarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Page_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Page of the United States Senate">Pages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentarian_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Parliamentarian of the United States Senate">Parliamentarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_at_Arms_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate">Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives">Chaplain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Administrative_Officer_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Chief Administrative Officer of the United States House of Representatives">Chief Administrative Officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerk_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Clerk of the United States House of Representatives">Clerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doorkeeper_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Doorkeeper of the United States House of Representatives">Doorkeeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_Floor_Operations" title="Director of Floor Operations">Floor Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floor_Services_Chief" title="Floor Services Chief">Floor Services Chief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historian_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Historian of the United States House of Representatives">Historian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Page_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Page of the United States House of Representatives">Pages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_Page_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="House Page Board">Board</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentarian_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives">Parliamentarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmaster_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Postmaster of the United States House of Representatives">Postmaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading_Clerk_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives">Reading Clerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_at_Arms_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives">Sergeant at Arms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of<br />Congress</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Research_Service" title="Congressional Research Service">Congressional Research Service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Research_Service_reports" class="mw-redirect" title="Congressional Research Service reports">reports</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Copyright_Office" title="United States Copyright Office">Copyright Office</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Register_of_Copyrights" title="Register of Copyrights">Register of Copyrights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_Library_of_Congress" title="Law Library of Congress">Law Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Poet_Laureate" title="United States Poet Laureate">Poet Laureate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/THOMAS" title="THOMAS">THOMAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams_Building" title="John Adams Building">Adams Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_Building" title="Thomas Jefferson Building">Jefferson Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Memorial_Building" title="James Madison Memorial Building">Madison Building</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Publishing_Office" title="United States Government Publishing Office">Gov.<br />Publishing Office</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_Printer_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Printer of the United States">Public Printer</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Pictorial_Directory" title="Congressional Pictorial Directory">Congressional Pictorial Directory</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Record" title="Congressional Record">Congressional Record</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Official_Congressional_Directory" title="Official Congressional Directory">Official Congressional Directory</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Manual" title="United States Government Manual">U.S. Gov. Manual</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Serial_Set" title="United States Congressional Serial Set">Serial Set</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Statutes_at_Large" title="United States Statutes at Large">Statutes at Large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Code" title="United States Code">United States Code</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol" title="United States Capitol">Capitol Building</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_artwork_at_the_United_States_Capitol_complex" title="List of artwork at the United States Capitol complex">List of artwork at the United States Capitol complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_portraits_in_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_collection_(A-J)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of portraits in the United States House of Representatives collection (A-J)">List of portraits in the United States House of Representatives collection (A-J)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brumidi_Corridors" title="Brumidi Corridors">Brumidi Corridors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Prayer_Room" title="Congressional Prayer Room">Congressional Prayer Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_crypt" title="United States Capitol crypt">Crypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_dome" title="United States Capitol dome">Dome</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Freedom" title="Statue of Freedom">Statue of Freedom</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_rotunda" title="United States Capitol rotunda">Rotunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hall_of_Columns" title="Hall of Columns">Hall of Columns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Statuary_Hall" title="National Statuary Hall">Statuary Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Visitor_Center" title="United States Capitol Visitor Center">Visitor Center</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Apotheosis_of_Washington" title="The Apotheosis of Washington">The Apotheosis of Washington</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Freedom" title="Statue of Freedom">Statue of Freedom</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_(painting)" title="Declaration of Independence (painting)"><i>Declaration of Independence</i> painting</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scene_at_the_Signing_of_the_Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States">Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apotheosis_of_Democracy" title="Apotheosis of Democracy">Apotheosis of Democracy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Progress_of_Civilization_Pediment" title="Progress of Civilization Pediment">Progress of Civilization Pediment</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/First_Reading_of_the_Emancipation_Proclamation_of_President_Lincoln" title="First Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln">First Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_General_Burgoyne" title="Surrender of General Burgoyne">Surrender of General Burgoyne</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_Lord_Cornwallis" title="Surrender of Lord Cornwallis">Surrender of Lord Cornwallis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_and_the_Revolutionary_War_Door" title="George Washington and the Revolutionary War Door">George Washington and the Revolutionary War Door</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_War_Door" title="Revolutionary War Door">Revolutionary War Door</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Doors" title="Columbus Doors">Columbus Doors</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Washington_at_Princeton" title="Washington at Princeton">Washington at Princeton</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Westward_the_Course_of_Empire_Takes_Its_Way" title="Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way">Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President%27s_Room" title="Vice President's Room">VP's Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Vice_Presidential_Bust_Collection" title="United States Senate Vice Presidential Bust Collection">VP Bust Collection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Congressional_office_buildings" title="Congressional office buildings">Office<br />buildings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dirksen_Senate_Office_Building" title="Dirksen Senate Office Building">Dirksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hart_Senate_Office_Building" title="Hart Senate Office Building">Hart</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mountains_and_Clouds" title="Mountains and Clouds">Mountains and Clouds</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Senate_Office_Building" title="Russell Senate Office Building">Russell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_Office_Building_Commission" title="House Office Building Commission">Building Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_office_lottery" title="Congressional office lottery">office lottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannon_House_Office_Building" title="Cannon House Office Building">Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_House_Office_Building" title="Ford House Office Building">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longworth_House_Office_Building" title="Longworth House Office Building">Longworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Neill_House_Office_Building" title="O'Neill House Office Building">O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayburn_House_Office_Building" title="Rayburn House Office Building">Rayburn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other<br />facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Botanic_Garden" title="United States Botanic Garden">Botanic Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Staff_Health_and_Fitness_Facility" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Staff Health and Fitness Facility">Health and Fitness Facility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recording_Studio_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Recording Studio of the United States House of Representatives">House Recording Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_chamber" title="United States Senate chamber">Senate chamber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Senate_Chamber" title="Old Senate Chamber">Old Senate Chamber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Supreme_Court_Chamber" title="Old Supreme Court Chamber">Old Supreme Court Chamber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Power_Plant" title="Capitol Power Plant">Power Plant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Webster_Senate_Page_Residence" title="Daniel Webster Senate Page Residence">Webster Page Residence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_subway_system" title="United States Capitol subway system">Subway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" 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