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Available in 31 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="المجتمع الودي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المجتمع الودي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%AD%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Філікі Этэрыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Філікі Этэрыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Филики Етерия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Филики Етерия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filiki_Eteria" title="Filiki Eteria – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Filiki Eteria" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filiki_Eteria" title="Filiki Eteria – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Filiki Eteria" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%95%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Φιλική Εταιρεία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φιλική Εταιρεία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filik%C3%AD_Eter%C3%ADa" title="Filikí Etería – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Filikí Etería" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filiki_Eteria" title="Filiki Eteria – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Filiki Eteria" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filik%C3%AD_Eter%C3%ADa" title="Filikí Etería – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Filikí Etería" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%AB_%D4%B7%D5%A9%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Ֆիլիկի Էթերիա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆիլիկի Էթերիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87" title="हिटोहिटेरिया फिल्के – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हिटोहिटेरिया फिल्के" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filiki_Eteria" title="Filiki Eteria – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Filiki Eteria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filik%C3%AD_Eter%C3%ADa" title="Filikí Etería – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Filikí Etería" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94" title="פיליקי אטריה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פיליקי אטריה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familiaris_Hetaeria" title="Familiaris Hetaeria – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Familiaris Hetaeria" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Филики Етерија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Филики Етерија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filiki_Eteria" title="Filiki Eteria – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Filiki Eteria" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AD%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A8%E3%83%86%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2" title="フィリキ・エテリア – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フィリキ・エテリア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filiki_Eteria" title="Filiki Eteria – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Filiki Eteria" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filiki_Etaireia" title="Filiki Etaireia – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Filiki Etaireia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filiki_Eteria" title="Filiki Eteria – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Filiki Eteria" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociedade_dos_Amigos" title="Sociedade dos Amigos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sociedade dos Amigos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eteria" title="Eteria – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Eteria" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Филики Этерия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Филики Этерия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filiki_Eteria" title="Filiki Eteria – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Filiki Eteria" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filik%C3%AD_Eter%C3%ADa" title="Filikí Etería – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Filikí Etería" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хетерија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хетерија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterija" title="Heterija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Heterija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filiki_Eterya" title="Filiki Eterya – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Filiki Eterya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Філікі Етерія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Філікі Етерія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%8B%E8%B0%8A%E7%A4%BE" title="友谊社 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="友谊社" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">19th century Greek secret society opposing Ottoman rule</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px 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.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Filiki Eteria</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div>Society of Friends</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">Φιλική Εταιρεία</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Filiki_Eteria_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Filiki_Eteria_flag.svg/200px-Filiki_Eteria_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Filiki_Eteria_flag.svg/300px-Filiki_Eteria_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Filiki_Eteria_flag.svg/400px-Filiki_Eteria_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1931" data-file-height="1287" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Insignia of the Filiki Eteria</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">14 September 1814<span class="noprint">; 210 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">14 September 1814</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuil_Xanthos" title="Emmanuil Xanthos">Emmanuil Xanthos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Skoufas" title="Nikolaos Skoufas">Nikolaos Skoufas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasios_Tsakalov" title="Athanasios Tsakalov">Athanasios Tsakalov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Founded at</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Odessa" class="mw-redirect" title="Odessa">Odessa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Secret_society" title="Secret society">Secret society</a><br />Revolutionary organisation</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Purpose</th><td class="infobox-data">Instigate the <a href="/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Greek War of Independence">Greek War of Independence</a> <ul><li>Overthrow Ottoman rule from the Balkans</li> <li>Establish an independent Greek state</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Odessa" class="mw-redirect" title="Odessa">Odessa</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> (from 1818)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Region </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rumelia_Eyalet" title="Rumelia Eyalet">Rumelia Eyalet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danubian_Principalities" title="Danubian Principalities">Danubian Principalities</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Greek_nationalism" title="Greek nationalism">Greek nationalism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Leader</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ypsilantis" title="Alexander Ypsilantis">Alexandros Ypsilantis</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Galatis" title="Nikolaos Galatis">Nikolaos Galatis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandros_Mavrokordatos" title="Alexandros Mavrokordatos">Alexandros Mavrokordatos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodoros_Kolokotronis" title="Theodoros Kolokotronis">Theodoros Kolokotronis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthimos_Gazis" title="Anthimos Gazis">Anthimos Gazis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanos_III_of_Old_Patras" title="Germanos III of Old Patras">Germanos III of Old Patras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanouel_Pappas" title="Emmanouel Pappas">Emmanouel Pappas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Filiki Eteria</b> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Φιλικὴ Ἑταιρεία</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Greek" title="Romanization of Greek">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Greek-language romanization"><i lang="el-Latn">Filikī́ Etaireía</i></span>) or <b>Society of Friends</b> (Greek: <span lang="el">Ἑταιρεία τῶν Φιλικῶν</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Greek-language romanization"><i lang="el-Latn">Etaireía tôn Filikôn</i></span>) was a secret political and <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary" title="Revolutionary">revolutionary</a> organization founded in 1814 in <a href="/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa">Odessa</a>, whose purpose was to overthrow <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman rule</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Greece" title="Ottoman Greece">Greece</a> and establish an <a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence of Greece">independent Greek State</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1897Book_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1897Book-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Society members were mainly young <a href="/wiki/Phanariot_Greeks" class="mw-redirect" title="Phanariot Greeks">Phanariot Greeks</a> from <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>, local political and military leaders from the Greek mainland and islands, as well as several Orthodox Christian leaders from other nations that were under Hellenic influence, such as <a href="/wiki/Kara%C4%91or%C4%91e" title="Karađorđe">Karađorđe</a> from <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Tudor_Vladimirescu" title="Tudor Vladimirescu">Tudor Vladimirescu</a> from <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of its leaders was the prominent Phanariote Prince <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ypsilantis" title="Alexander Ypsilantis">Alexander Ypsilantis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DictionaryOfWorldHistory_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DictionaryOfWorldHistory-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Society initiated the <a href="/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Greek War of Independence">Greek War of Independence</a> in the spring of 1821.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Translations_and_transliterations">Translations and transliterations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filiki_Eteria&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Translations and transliterations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The direct translation of the word "Φιλική" is "Friendly" and the direct translation of "Ἑταιρεία" is "Society", "Company" or "Association"). The common transliteration "Filiki Eteria" reflects the pronunciation of the name in modern Greek. Other possible transliterations are "Filike Etaireia", which reflects <a href="/wiki/Greek_orthography" title="Greek orthography">Greek orthography</a>, and "Philike Hetaireia", which reflects the ancient Greek etymology. The word "friendly" here is meant to connote allies who work towards the same goal, not necessarily those who socialize together. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Foundation">Foundation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filiki_Eteria&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Foundation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Filiki_Hetairia_House_in_Odessa-11.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Filiki_Hetairia_House_in_Odessa-11.jpg/220px-Filiki_Hetairia_House_in_Odessa-11.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Filiki_Hetairia_House_in_Odessa-11.jpg/330px-Filiki_Hetairia_House_in_Odessa-11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Filiki_Hetairia_House_in_Odessa-11.jpg/440px-Filiki_Hetairia_House_in_Odessa-11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>House of Filiki Eteria on <a href="/wiki/Hretska_Ploshcha" title="Hretska Ploshcha">Greek Square</a> in <a href="/wiki/Odessa" class="mw-redirect" title="Odessa">Odessa</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the context of ardent desire for independence from Turkish occupation, and with the explicit influence of similar secret societies elsewhere in Europe, three Greeks came together in 1814 in <a href="/wiki/Odessa" class="mw-redirect" title="Odessa">Odessa</a> to decide the constitution for a secret organization in <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">freemasonic</a> fashion. Its purpose was to unite all Greeks in an armed organization to overthrow Turkish rule. The three founders were <a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Skoufas" title="Nikolaos Skoufas">Nikolaos Skoufas</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Arta_(regional_unit)" title="Arta (regional unit)">Arta</a> province, <a href="/wiki/Emmanuil_Xanthos" title="Emmanuil Xanthos">Emmanuil Xanthos</a> from <a href="/wiki/Patmos" title="Patmos">Patmos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Athanasios_Tsakalov" title="Athanasios Tsakalov">Athanasios Tsakalov</a> from <a href="/wiki/Ioannina" title="Ioannina">Ioannina</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1897Book_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1897Book-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soon after they initiated a fourth member, <a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Anagnostopoulos" title="Panagiotis Anagnostopoulos">Panagiotis Anagnostopoulos</a> from <a href="/wiki/Andritsaina" title="Andritsaina">Andritsaina</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SymboloFilikisEtairias.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/SymboloFilikisEtairias.jpg/220px-SymboloFilikisEtairias.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/SymboloFilikisEtairias.jpg/330px-SymboloFilikisEtairias.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/SymboloFilikisEtairias.jpg/440px-SymboloFilikisEtairias.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1185" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Passport of the Filiki Eteria, bearing its insignia and written in its coded alphabet.</figcaption></figure> <p>Skoufas met with Konstantinos Rados, who was initiated into <a href="/wiki/Carbonarism" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbonarism">Carbonarism</a>. Xanthos was initiated into a <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemasonic</a> Lodge at <a href="/wiki/Lefkada" title="Lefkada">Lefkada</a> ("Society of Free Builders of Saint Mavra"), while Tsakalov was a founding member of the <a href="/wiki/Hellenoglosso_Xenodocheio" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenoglosso Xenodocheio">Hellenoglosso Xenodocheio</a> (Greek: Ελληνόγλωσσο Ξενοδοχείο, meaning <i>Greek-speaking Hotel</i>) an earlier relative society for the liberation of Greece which had been founded in Paris and made a progress to the Greek nationalistic ideas.<sup id="cite_ref-Freemasonry_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Freemasonry-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the start, between 1814 and 1816, there were roughly twenty members. During 1817, the society initiated members from the diaspora Greeks of Russia and the <a href="/wiki/Danubian_Principalities" title="Danubian Principalities">Danubian Principalities</a> of <a href="/wiki/Moldavia" title="Moldavia">Moldavia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wallachia" title="Wallachia">Wallachia</a>. The Prince of Moldavia <a href="/wiki/Michael_Soutzos" title="Michael Soutzos">Michael Soutzos</a> himself, became a member.<sup id="cite_ref-HistoryDerailed_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HistoryDerailed-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Massive initiations began only in 1818 and by early 1821, when the Society had expanded to almost all regions of Greece and throughout Greek communities abroad, the membership numbered in thousands.<sup id="cite_ref-Anglo-Ottoman_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anglo-Ottoman-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among its members were tradesmen, clergy, <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian</a> consuls, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> officials from <a href="/wiki/Phanariotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Phanariotes">Phanar</a> and revolutionary <a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serbs</a>, most notably, the leader of the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Revolution" title="Serbian Revolution">Serbian Revolution</a>, father of the modern <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> and founder of the <a href="/wiki/Karadjordjevic" class="mw-redirect" title="Karadjordjevic">Karadjordjevic</a> dynasty <a href="/wiki/Karageorge_Petrovic" class="mw-redirect" title="Karageorge Petrovic">Karageorge Petrovic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Anglo-Ottoman_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anglo-Ottoman-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wintle2008_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wintle2008-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Members included primary instigators of the Greek revolution, notably <a href="/wiki/Theodoros_Kolokotronis" title="Theodoros Kolokotronis">Theodoros Kolokotronis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odysseas_Androutsos" title="Odysseas Androutsos">Odysseas Androutsos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dimitris_Plapoutas" title="Dimitris Plapoutas">Dimitris Plapoutas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Papaflessas" title="Papaflessas">Papaflessas</a> and the metropolitan bishop <a href="/wiki/Germanos_of_Patras" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanos of Patras">Germanos of Patras</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hierarchy_and_initiation">Hierarchy and initiation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filiki_Eteria&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Hierarchy and initiation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Serment_Tsokos.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Serment_Tsokos.jpg/220px-Serment_Tsokos.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Serment_Tsokos.jpg/330px-Serment_Tsokos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Serment_Tsokos.jpg/440px-Serment_Tsokos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1017" data-file-height="711" /></a><figcaption>The Oath of Initiation into the Society, painting by <a href="/wiki/Dionysios_Tsokos" title="Dionysios Tsokos">Dionysios Tsokos</a>, 1849.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Filiki_Eteria_oath.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Filiki_Eteria_oath.jpg/220px-Filiki_Eteria_oath.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="339" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Filiki_Eteria_oath.jpg/330px-Filiki_Eteria_oath.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Filiki_Eteria_oath.jpg/440px-Filiki_Eteria_oath.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1167" data-file-height="1797" /></a><figcaption>The Great Oath of the Filiki Eteria, written on a monument at Kolonaki, Athens.</figcaption></figure> <p>Filiki Eteria was strongly influenced by <a href="/wiki/Carbonarism" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbonarism">Carbonarism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemasonry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Freemasonry_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Freemasonry-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The team of leaders made and spread its decisions, saying that they transmitted the commands of an "Invisible Authority" (<i>Αόρατος Αρχή</i>), who was thought to be one or more strong persons, so that from the start it was shrouded in mystery, secrecy and glamour. It was generally believed that a lot of important personalities were members, not only eminent Greeks, but also notable foreigners such as the Tsar of Russia <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Alexander I</a>. The reality was that initially, the Invisible Authority comprised only the three founders. From 1815 until 1818, five more were added to the Invisible Authority, and after the death of Skoufas three more. In 1818, the Invisible Authority was renamed to the "Authority of the Twelve Apostles" and each Apostle shouldered the responsibility of a separate region. </p><p>The organisational structure was pyramid-like, with the "Invisible Authority" coordinating from the top. No one knew or had the right to ask who created the organisation. Commands were carried out unquestioningly and members did not have the right to make decisions. Members of the society came together in what was called a "Temple" with four levels of <a href="/wiki/Initiation" title="Initiation">initiation</a>: a) <i>Brothers</i> (<i>Αδελφοποίητοι</i>) or <i>Vlamides</i> (<i>Βλάμηδες</i>), b) the <i>Recommended</i> (<i>Συστημένοι</i>), c) the <i>Priests</i> (<i>Ιερείς</i>) and d) the <i>Shepherds</i> (<i>Ποιμένες</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-VisitToGrece-28_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VisitToGrece-28-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Priests were charged with the duty of initiation.<sup id="cite_ref-VisitToGrece-20-21_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VisitToGrece-20-21-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><i>I swear in the name of truth and justice, before the Supreme Being, to guard, by sacrificing my own life, and suffering the hardest toils, the mystery, which shall be explained to me and that I shall respond with the truth whatever I am asked.</i></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>The Oath of Initiation in to the Filiki</cite></div></blockquote> <p>When the Priest approached a new member, it was first to make sure of his patriotism and catechize him in the aims of the society; the last stage was to put him under the lengthy principal oath, called the Great Oath (<i>Μέγας Όρκος</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-VisitToGrece-20-21_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VisitToGrece-20-21-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of the essence of it was contained in its conclusion:<sup id="cite_ref-VisitToGrece-28_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VisitToGrece-28-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><i>Last of all, I swear by Thee, my sacred and suffering Country,— I swear by thy long-endured tortures,— I swear by the bitter tears which for so many centuries have been shed by thy unhappy children, by my own tears which I am pouring forth at this very moment,— I swear by the future liberty of my countrymen, that I consecrate myself wholly to thee; that hence forward thou shall be the cause and object of my thoughts, thy name the guide of my actions, and thy happiness the recompense of my labours.</i></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Conclusion of the Great Oath of the Filiki</cite></div></blockquote> <p>When the above was administered the Priest then uttered the words of acceptance of the novice as a new member:<sup id="cite_ref-VisitToGrece-20-21_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VisitToGrece-20-21-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><i>Before the face of the invisible and omnipresent true God, who in his essence is just, the avenger of transgression, the chastizer of evil, by the laws of the Eteria Filiki, and by the authority with which its powerful priests have intrusted me, I receive you, as I was myself received, into the bosom of the Eteria.</i></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>words of acceptance into Filiki</cite></div></blockquote> <p>Afterwards the initiated were considered <i>neophyte</i> members of the society, with all the rights and obligations of this rank. The Priest immediately had the obligation to reveal all the marks of recognition between the <i>Vlamides</i> or <i>Brothers</i>. <i>Vlamides</i> and <i>Recommended</i> were unaware of the revolutionary aims of the organisation. They only knew that there existed a society that tried hard for the general good of the nation, which included in its ranks important personalities. This myth was propagated deliberately in order to stimulate the morale of members and also to make proselytism easier. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Members">Members</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filiki_Eteria&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Philiki_Etaireia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_Philiki_Etaireia.png/220px-Seal_of_Philiki_Etaireia.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_Philiki_Etaireia.png/330px-Seal_of_Philiki_Etaireia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_Philiki_Etaireia.png/440px-Seal_of_Philiki_Etaireia.png 2x" data-file-width="836" data-file-height="803" /></a><figcaption>A stamp of Filiki Eteria. Contains codified the initial letters of the names of the most important members, according to <a href="/wiki/Emmanuil_Xanthos" title="Emmanuil Xanthos">Xanthos</a> <i>Memoirs</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Members in the secret society divided to three parts: a) Etairoi (society members), who had important duties, b) Apostles (advocates), who also had important duties, and c) all other members.<sup id="cite_ref-flessas_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flessas-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Etairoi </th> <th>Apostles </th></tr> <tr> <td> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Skoufas" title="Nikolaos Skoufas">Nikolaos Skoufas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasios_Tsakalov" title="Athanasios Tsakalov">Athanasios Tsakalov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuil_Xanthos" title="Emmanuil Xanthos">Emmanuil Xanthos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonios_Komizopoulos" title="Antonios Komizopoulos">Antonios Komizopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papaflessas" title="Papaflessas">Gregorios Flessas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Anagnostopoulos" title="Panagiotis Anagnostopoulos">Panagiotis Anagnostopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Sekeris" title="Panagiotis Sekeris">Panagiotis Sekeris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthimos_Gazis" title="Anthimos Gazis">Anthimos Gazis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolaos_Patsimadis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikolaos Patsimadis (page does not exist)">Nikolaos Patsimadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasios_Sekeris" title="Athanasios Sekeris">Athanasios Sekeris</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georgios_Leventis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georgios Leventis (page does not exist)">Georgios Leventis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandros_Ypsilantis" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandros Ypsilantis">Alexandros Ypsilantis</a></li></ol> </td> <td> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Anagnostaras" title="Anagnostaras">Anagnostaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoforos_Perraivos" title="Christoforos Perraivos">Christoforos Perraivos</a><sup><b> 1</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiannis_Pharmakis" title="Yiannis Pharmakis">Yiannis Pharmakis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elias_Chrysospathis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elias Chrysospathis (page does not exist)">Elias Chrysospathis</a></li> <li>Kamarinós Kyriakós †</li> <li>Aristeidis Pappas</li> <li>Nikolaos Ypatros</li> <li>Demetrios Themelis</li> <li>Antonios Pelopidas</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Galatis" title="Nikolaos Galatis">Nikolaos Galatis</a> †<sup><b> 2</b></sup></li> <li>Charalambos Mattis</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Sekeris" title="Georgios Sekeris">Georgios Sekeris</a></li> <li>Constantinos Pentedekas</li> <li>Athanasios Xodilos</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavriil_Antonovich_Katakazi" title="Gavriil Antonovich Katakazi">Gavriil Katakazi</a><sup><b> 3</b></sup></li></ol> </td></tr> <tr style="background: #EFEFEF"> <td colspan="2"><sup><b>1</b></sup><small> In source referended as <i>Christodoulos Perraivos</i> (p. 44).<br /></small><sup><b>2</b></sup><small> In source referended as <i><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Galatis" title="Nikolaos Galatis">N. Galatis</a></i> (p. 44) and <i>Galanis</i> (p. 45).<br /></small><sup><b>3</b></sup><small> In source referended as <i>Georgios Katakazis</i> (p. 44).<br /></small><small><b>†</b> Members who were killed as traitors (p. 45).</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><small><b>Source:</b> <i>List of 12 Etairoi and 15 Apostles, sorted by their initiation date.</i></small><sup id="cite_ref-flessas_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flessas-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The following is a list of members of the Filiki Eteria in order of most initiations which they conducted:<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Initiations </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Profession </th> <th>Origin </th> <th>Initiator </th> <th>Place of Initiation </th> <th>Year </th></tr> <tr> <td>49 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anagnostaras" title="Anagnostaras">Anagnostaras</a> </td> <td>Soldier </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Peloponnese" title="Peloponnese">Peloponnese</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Skoufas" title="Nikolaos Skoufas">N. Skoufas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Odessa" class="mw-redirect" title="Odessa">Odessa</a> </td> <td>1817 </td></tr> <tr> <td>36 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Papaflessas" title="Papaflessas">G. Dikaios</a> </td> <td>Clergyman </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Anagnostopoulos" title="Panagiotis Anagnostopoulos">P. Anagnostopoulos</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Constantinople</a> </td> <td>1818 </td></tr> <tr> <td>31 </td> <td>N. Kalivas </td> <td>Doctor </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zakynthos" title="Zakynthos">Zakynthos</a> </td> <td>I. Asimakopoulos </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zakynthos" title="Zakynthos">Zakynthos</a> </td> <td>1819 </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 </td> <td><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%80%CE%AC%CF%82" class="extiw" title="el:Αριστείδης Παππάς">A. Pappas</a> </td> <td>Teacher </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thessaly" title="Thessaly">Thessaly</a> </td> <td>— </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td>1818 </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 </td> <td>K. Pentedekas </td> <td rowspan="4">Merchant </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Epirus_(region)" title="Epirus (region)">Epirus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Galatis" title="Nikolaos Galatis">N. Galatis</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> </td> <td>1816 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">23 </td> <td>S. Hahamakis </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Constantinople</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Skoufas" title="Nikolaos Skoufas">N. Skoufas</a> </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Odessa" class="mw-redirect" title="Odessa">Odessa</a> </td> <td>1817 </td></tr> <tr> <td>A. Stratigopoulos </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0zmir" title="İzmir">Smyrna</a> </td> <td>— </td> <td>1820 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">18 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Anagnostopoulos" title="Panagiotis Anagnostopoulos">P. Anagnostopoulos</a> </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Peloponnese" title="Peloponnese">Peloponnese</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Skoufas" title="Nikolaos Skoufas">N. Skoufas</a> </td> <td>1815 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B7%CF%86%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BA%CE%B7%CF%82" class="extiw" title="el:Νικηφόρος Μπαμπούκης">N. Paboukis</a> </td> <td>Teacher </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anagnostaras" title="Anagnostaras">Anagnostaras</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hydra_(island)" title="Hydra (island)">Hydra</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">1818 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">17 </td> <td>Α. Tsounis </td> <td>Merchant </td> <td>— </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Odessa" class="mw-redirect" title="Odessa">Odessa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ε. Chrysospathis </td> <td>Soldier </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Skoufas" title="Nikolaos Skoufas">N. Skoufas</a> </td> <td>1817 </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Skoufas" title="Nikolaos Skoufas">N. Skoufas</a> </td> <td rowspan="6">Merchant </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Epirus_(region)" title="Epirus (region)">Epirus</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">— </td> <td>1814 </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%8E%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%91%CF%81%CE%B2%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%82" class="extiw" title="el:Παναγιώτης Αρβαλής">P. Arvalis</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Peloponnese" title="Peloponnese">Peloponnese</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Constantinople</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">1818 </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 </td> <td>P. Athanasiou </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Athanasios_Tsakalov" title="Athanasios Tsakalov">A. Tsakalof</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">12 </td> <td>G. Gatsos </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Epirus_(region)" title="Epirus (region)">Epirus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antonios_Komizopoulos" title="Antonios Komizopoulos">Α. Komizopoulos</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> </td> <td>1817 </td></tr> <tr> <td>A. Pelopidas </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Papaflessas" title="Papaflessas">G. Dikaios</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Constantinople</a> </td> <td>1818 </td></tr> <tr> <td>S. <a href="/wiki/Arvanitaki" title="Arvanitaki">Arvanitachi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zakynthos" title="Zakynthos">Zakynthos</a> </td> <td>N. Mouzakis </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gala%C8%9Bi" title="Galați">Galați</a> </td> <td>1820 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">11 </td> <td>D. Paboukis </td> <td>Clergyman </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Peloponnese" title="Peloponnese">Peloponnese</a> </td> <td>Ν. Paboukis </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peloponnese" title="Peloponnese">Peloponnese</a> </td> <td>1819 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Theodoros_Kolokotronis" title="Theodoros Kolokotronis">Th. Kolokotronis</a> </td> <td>Soldier </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anagnostaras" title="Anagnostaras">Anagnostaras</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zakynthos" title="Zakynthos">Zakynthos</a> </td> <td>1818 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">10 </td> <td>D. Pelopidas </td> <td>Merchant </td> <td rowspan="2">P. Naoum </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Odessa" class="mw-redirect" title="Odessa">Odessa</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">1820 </td></tr> <tr> <td>I. Klados </td> <td>Doctor </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kythira" title="Kythira">Kythira</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hydra_(island)" title="Hydra (island)">Hydra</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Change_of_leadership">Change of leadership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filiki_Eteria&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Change of leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Greek War of Independence">Greek War of Independence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ypsilantis" title="Alexander Ypsilantis">Alexander Ypsilantis</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eteria_-_Turkische_Treue,_1821.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Eteria_-_Turkische_Treue%2C_1821.jpg/220px-Eteria_-_Turkische_Treue%2C_1821.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Eteria_-_Turkische_Treue%2C_1821.jpg/330px-Eteria_-_Turkische_Treue%2C_1821.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Eteria_-_Turkische_Treue%2C_1821.jpg/440px-Eteria_-_Turkische_Treue%2C_1821.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1207" data-file-height="863" /></a><figcaption>Fighting in <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a> (1821)</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Filiki_Eteria&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2008</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In 1818, the seat of Filiki Eteria had migrated from <a href="/wiki/Odessa" class="mw-redirect" title="Odessa">Odessa</a> to <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Constantinople</a>, and Skoufas' death had been a serious loss. The remaining founders attempted to find a major personality to take over the reins, one who would add prestige and fresh <i>impetus</i> to the society. In early 1818, they had a meeting with <a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Kapodistrias" title="Ioannis Kapodistrias">Ioannis Kapodistrias</a>, who not only refused, but later wrote that he considered Filiki Eteria guilty for the havoc that was foreboded in Greece. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ypsilantis_(1792%E2%80%931828)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Ypsilantis (1792–1828)">Alexandros Ypsilantis</a> was contacted and asked to assume leadership of Filiki Eteria,<sup id="cite_ref-HistoryDerailed_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HistoryDerailed-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which he did in April 1820. He began active preparations for a revolt and with the setting up of a military unit for the purpose that he named the <a href="/wiki/Sacred_Band_(1821)" title="Sacred Band (1821)">Sacred Band</a>. Various proposals were made for the location regarding the break out of the revolution. One of them was to be in <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, the heart of the empire, that was the long-term target of the revolutionaries. Finally the decision that was taken was to start from the <a href="/wiki/Peloponnese" title="Peloponnese">Peloponnese</a> (Morea), and the <a href="/wiki/Danubian_Principalities" title="Danubian Principalities">Danubian Principalities</a> for a feint at the same time. The society especially wanted to also take advantage of the involvement of significant Ottoman forces, including the pasha of the Moreas, against <a href="/wiki/Ali_Pasha_of_Ioannina" title="Ali Pasha of Ioannina">Ali Pasha of Ioannina</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filiki_Eteria&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ellinoglosso_Xenodocheio" title="Ellinoglosso Xenodocheio">Ellinoglosso Xenodocheio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filomousos_Eteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Filomousos Eteria">Filomousos Eteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marigo_Zarafopoula" title="Marigo Zarafopoula">Marigo Zarafopoula</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filiki_Eteria&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1897Book-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-1897Book_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1897Book_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAlison1897" class="citation book cs1">Alison, Phillips W. (1897). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/warofgreekindepe00philiala"><i>The war of Greek independence, 1821 to 1833</i></a>. London : Smith, Elder. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/warofgreekindepe00philiala/page/20">20</a>, 21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+war+of+Greek+independence%2C+1821+to+1833&rft.pages=20%2C+21&rft.pub=London+%3A+Smith%2C+Elder&rft.date=1897&rft.aulast=Alison&rft.aufirst=Phillips+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwarofgreekindepe00philiala&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiliki+Eteria" class="Z3988"></span> (<i>retrieved from University of California Library</i>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://greece.greekreporter.com/2018/03/23/filiki-eteria-the-diaspora-secret-society-that-sparked-greek-independence/">Filiki Eteria: The Diaspora Secret Society That Sparked Greek Independence</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClogg1976" class="citation cs2">Clogg, Richard (1976), "<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Social Banditry': The Memoirs of Theodoros Kolokotronis", <i>The Movement for Greek Independence 1770–1821</i>, Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 166–174, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-1-349-02845-0_10">10.1007/978-1-349-02845-0_10</a> (inactive 1 November 2024), <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781349028474" title="Special:BookSources/9781349028474"><bdi>9781349028474</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Movement+for+Greek+Independence+1770%E2%80%931821&rft.atitle=%27Social+Banditry%27%3A+The+Memoirs+of+Theodoros+Kolokotronis&rft.pages=166-174&rft.date=1976&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-1-349-02845-0_10&rft.isbn=9781349028474&rft.aulast=Clogg&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiliki+Eteria" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">citation</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024" title="Category:CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DictionaryOfWorldHistory-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DictionaryOfWorldHistory_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-GreekWarofIndependence.html"><i>Greek War of Independence</i></a>. 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Koliopoulos, <i>Brigands with a Cause – Brigandage and Irredentism in Modern Greece 1821–1912</i>, Clarendon Press Oxford (1987), p. 41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Freemasonry-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Freemasonry_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Freemasonry_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichaletos2006" class="citation web cs1">Michaletos, Ioannis (28 September 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120624010606/http://www.balkanalysis.com/blog/2006/09/28/freemasonry-in-greece-secret-history-revealed/">"Freemasonry in Greece: Secret History Revealed"</a>. Balkanalysis.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.balkanalysis.com/2006/09/28/freemasonry-in-greece-secret-history-revealed/">the original</a> on 24 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Freemasonry+in+Greece%3A+Secret+History+Revealed&rft.pub=Balkanalysis.com&rft.date=2006-09-28&rft.aulast=Michaletos&rft.aufirst=Ioannis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.balkanalysis.com%2F2006%2F09%2F28%2Ffreemasonry-in-greece-secret-history-revealed%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiliki+Eteria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HistoryDerailed-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HistoryDerailed_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HistoryDerailed_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerend2003" class="citation book cs1">Berend, Tibor Iván (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tlKbYdjLZ0wC&q=Hetairia+Philike&pg=PA125"><i>History derailed</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. p. 125. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-23299-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-23299-0"><bdi>978-0-520-23299-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+derailed&rft.pages=125&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-520-23299-0&rft.aulast=Berend&rft.aufirst=Tibor+Iv%C3%A1n&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtlKbYdjLZ0wC%26q%3DHetairia%2BPhilike%26pg%3DPA125&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiliki+Eteria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anglo-Ottoman-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Anglo-Ottoman_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anglo-Ottoman_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCunninghamIngram1993" class="citation book cs1">Cunningham, Allan; Ingram, Edward (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LUcJrLaWdvMC&q=Filiki+Eteria&pg=PA201"><i>Anglo-Ottoman encounters in the age of revolution</i></a>. Routledge. p. 201. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7146-3494-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7146-3494-4"><bdi>978-0-7146-3494-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anglo-Ottoman+encounters+in+the+age+of+revolution&rft.pages=201&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-7146-3494-4&rft.aulast=Cunningham&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft.au=Ingram%2C+Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLUcJrLaWdvMC%26q%3DFiliki%2BEteria%26pg%3DPA201&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiliki+Eteria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wintle2008-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wintle2008_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWintle2008" class="citation book cs1">Wintle, Michael (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q2R8M_qpDfUC&pg=PA112"><i>Imagining Europe: Europe and European civilisation as seen from its margins and by the rest of the world, in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries</i></a>. Peter Lang. p. 112. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-5201-431-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-5201-431-9"><bdi>978-90-5201-431-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Imagining+Europe%3A+Europe+and+European+civilisation+as+seen+from+its+margins+and+by+the+rest+of+the+world%2C+in+the+nineteenth+and+twentieth+centuries&rft.pages=112&rft.pub=Peter+Lang&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-90-5201-431-9&rft.aulast=Wintle&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ2R8M_qpDfUC%26pg%3DPA112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiliki+Eteria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VisitToGrece-28-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-VisitToGrece-28_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VisitToGrece-28_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaddington1825" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_Waddington" title="George Waddington">Waddington, George</a> (1825). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/avisittogreecei00waddgoog"><i>A visit to Greece, in 1823 and 1824</i></a>. London: John Murray. p. xviii (28)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2018</span>. <q>oath of philike.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+visit+to+Greece%2C+in+1823+and+1824&rft.place=London&rft.pages=xviii+%2828%29&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1825&rft.aulast=Waddington&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Favisittogreecei00waddgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiliki+Eteria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VisitToGrece-20-21-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-VisitToGrece-20-21_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VisitToGrece-20-21_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VisitToGrece-20-21_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaddington1825" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_Waddington" title="George Waddington">Waddington, George</a> (1825). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/avisittogreecei00waddgoog"><i>A visit to Greece, in 1823 and 1824</i></a>. London: John Murray. p. xx, xxi (20, 21)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2018</span>. <q>oath of philike.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+visit+to+Greece%2C+in+1823+and+1824&rft.place=London&rft.pages=xx%2C+xxi+%2820%2C+21%29&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1825&rft.aulast=Waddington&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Favisittogreecei00waddgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiliki+Eteria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-flessas-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-flessas_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-flessas_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlessas1842" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Flessas, Constantinos (1842). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305001118/http://www.flessas.eu/History%20of%20the%20Greek%20revoloution%201821.pdf"><i>History of the Holy Fight</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Greek). Athens: P.A.Comnenos. pp. 44–45. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flessas.eu/History%20of%20the%20Greek%20revoloution%201821.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 5 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Holy+Fight&rft.place=Athens&rft.pages=44-45&rft.pub=P.A.Comnenos&rft.date=1842&rft.aulast=Flessas&rft.aufirst=Constantinos&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flessas.eu%2FHistory%2520of%2520the%2520Greek%2520revoloution%25201821.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiliki+Eteria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">«Ο Ελληνισμός υπό ξένη κυριαρχία (1669–1821)». <i>Ιστορία του Ελληνικού Έθνους: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/960-213-095-4" title="Special:BookSources/960-213-095-4">960-213-095-4</a></i>. <b>Τόμος ΙΑ΄</b>. Εκδοτική Αθηνών. 1971, σελ. 430. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/960-213-107-1" title="Special:BookSources/960-213-107-1">960-213-107-1</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/636806977">636806977</a>. <i>«Βραβείο Ακαδημίας Αθηνών 1980»</i>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filiki_Eteria&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Filiki_Etaireia" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Filiki Etaireia">Filiki Etaireia</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Vournas, Tasos. <i>Friendly Society: her illegal organisational and persecution by the foreigners</i>, Tolides Bros, (Athens 1982).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanos_of_Patras" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanos of Patras">Metropolitan of Old Patras Germanos</a>, <i>Memoirs</i>, (<i>Introductory note, index, ref.</i> Ioanna Yiannaropoulos – Tassos Gritsopoulos), (Athens 1975).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yannis_Kordatos" class="mw-redirect" title="Yannis Kordatos">Kordatos, Yannis</a>. <i>Rigas Feraios and Balkan Federation</i>, (Athens 1974).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuil_Xanthos" title="Emmanuil Xanthos">Xanthos, Emmanuil</a>. <i>Memoirs for the Friendly Society</i>, (facsimile reprint of 1834 ed), Vergina, (Athens 1996).</li> <li>Michaletos, Ioannis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.balkanalysis.com/blog/2007/11/05/the-history-of-a-greek-secret-society-structure-and-rites-of-the-philiki-etaireia/"><i>The History of a Greek Secret Society: Structure and Rites of the Philiki Etaireia</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131219163835/http://www.balkanalysis.com/blog/2007/11/05/the-history-of-a-greek-secret-society-structure-and-rites-of-the-philiki-etaireia/">Archived</a> 19 December 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, (www.balkanalysis.com 2007).</li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Template:Greek War of Independence"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Template talk:Greek War of Independence"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek War of Independence"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Greek_War_of_Independence_(1821–1829)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Greek War of Independence">Greek War of Independence</a> (1821–1829)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: #cedff2;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/Background_of_the_Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Background of the Greek War of Independence">Background</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Greece" title="Ottoman Greece">Ottoman Greece</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Greeks" title="Ottoman Greeks">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armatoles" title="Armatoles">Armatoles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodjabashis" title="Kodjabashis">Proestoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klepht" title="Klepht">Klephts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysios_Skylosophos" title="Dionysios Skylosophos">Dionysius the Philosopher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daskalogiannis" title="Daskalogiannis">Daskalogiannis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Benakis" title="Panagiotis Benakis">Panagiotis Benakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Galatis" title="Nikolaos Galatis">Nikolaos Galatis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Kolokotronis" title="Konstantinos Kolokotronis">Konstantinos Kolokotronis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambros_Katsonis" title="Lambros Katsonis">Lambros Katsonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmas_of_Aetolia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosmas of Aetolia">Cosmas of Aetolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Pasha_of_Ioannina" title="Ali Pasha of Ioannina">Ali Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maniots" title="Maniots">Maniots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanariots" title="Phanariots">Phanariots</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rum_Millet" class="mw-redirect" title="Rum Millet">Rum Millet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souliotes" title="Souliotes">Souliotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_V_of_Constantinople" title="Gregory V of Constantinople">Gregory V of Constantinople</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center;;width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orlov_Revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Orlov Revolt">Orlov Revolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souliote_War_(1789%E2%80%931793)" title="Souliote War (1789–1793)">Souliote War (1789–1793)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souliote_War_(1803)" title="Souliote War (1803)">Souliote War (1803)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Modern_Greek_Enlightenment" title="Modern Greek Enlightenment">Greek Enlightenment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Caradja" title="John Caradja">John Caradja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasios_Christopoulos" title="Athanasios Christopoulos">Athanasios Christopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theoklitos_Farmakidis" title="Theoklitos Farmakidis">Theoklitos Farmakidis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rigas_Feraios" title="Rigas Feraios">Rigas Feraios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthimos_Gazis" title="Anthimos Gazis">Anthimos Gazis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophilos_Kairis" title="Theophilos Kairis">Theophilos Kairis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adamantios_Korais" title="Adamantios Korais">Adamantios Korais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenios_Voulgaris" title="Eugenios Voulgaris">Eugenios Voulgaris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center;;width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ellinoglosso_Xenodocheio" title="Ellinoglosso Xenodocheio">Ellinoglosso Xenodocheio</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Filiki Eteria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Skoufas" title="Nikolaos Skoufas">Nikolaos Skoufas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasios_Tsakalov" title="Athanasios Tsakalov">Athanasios Tsakalov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuil_Xanthos" title="Emmanuil Xanthos">Emmanuil Xanthos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Anagnostopoulos" title="Panagiotis Anagnostopoulos">Panagiotis Anagnostopoulos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philomuse_Society" title="Philomuse Society">Philomuse Society</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Society_of_the_Phoenix&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Society of the Phoenix (page does not exist)">Society of the Phoenix</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center;;width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adelphiki_Didaskalia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adelphiki Didaskalia (page does not exist)">Adelphiki Didaskalia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asma_Polemistirion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asma Polemistirion (page does not exist)">Asma Polemistirion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Nomarchy" title="Hellenic Nomarchy">Hellenic Nomarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamphlet_of_Rigas_Feraios" title="Pamphlet of Rigas Feraios">Pamphlet of Rigas Feraios</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salpisma_Polemistirion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salpisma Polemistirion (page does not exist)">Salpisma Polemistirion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thourios_or_Patriotic_hymn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thourios or Patriotic hymn (page does not exist)">Thourios or Patriotic hymn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">European intervention and<br />Greek involvement in<br />the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1768%E2%80%931774)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)">Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk_Kaynarca" title="Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca">Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Plan" title="Greek Plan">Greek Plan</a> of <a href="/wiki/Catherine_the_Great" title="Catherine the Great">Catherine the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1787%E2%80%931792)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)">Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a> and <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Republic_of_Venice" title="Fall of the Republic of Venice">Fall of the Republic of Venice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_rule_in_the_Ionian_Islands_(1797%E2%80%931799)" title="French rule in the Ionian Islands (1797–1799)">Republican French rule in the Ionian Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septinsular_Republic" title="Septinsular Republic">Septinsular Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Legion_(Septinsular_Republic)" title="Greek Legion (Septinsular Republic)">Greek Legion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_rule_in_the_Ionian_Islands_(1807%E2%80%931814)" title="French rule in the Ionian Islands (1807–1814)">Imperial French rule in the Ionian Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Regiment_(France)" title="Albanian Regiment (France)">Albanian Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriatic_campaign_of_1807%E2%80%931814" title="Adriatic campaign of 1807–1814">Adriatic campaign of 1807–1814</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_Regiment_Greek_Light_Infantry" title="1st Regiment Greek Light Infantry">1st Regiment Greek Light Infantry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_of_the_Ionian_Islands" title="United States of the Ionian Islands">United States of the Ionian Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Ideas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_nationalism" title="Greek nationalism">Greek nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox Christianity">Eastern Orthodox Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutionalism" title="Constitutionalism">Constitutionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Monarchism_in_Greece" title="Template:Monarchism in Greece">Monarchism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: #cedff2;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Events</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Sieges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Patras_(1821)" title="Siege of Patras (1821)">Patras</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Salona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Salona (page does not exist)">Salona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navarino_massacre" title="Navarino massacre">Navarino</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Livadeia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Livadeia (page does not exist)">Livadeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_the_Acropolis_(1821%E2%80%9322)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of the Acropolis (1821–22)">1st Acropolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tripolitsa" title="Siege of Tripolitsa">Tripolitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Arta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Arta (page does not exist)">Arta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Acrocorinth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Acrocorinth (page does not exist)">Acrocorinth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Nauplia_(1822)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Nauplia (1822) (page does not exist)">Nauplia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Siege_of_Missolonghi" class="mw-redirect" title="First Siege of Missolonghi">1st Messolonghi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Siege_of_Missolonghi" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Siege of Missolonghi">2nd Messolonghi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Siege_of_Missolonghi" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Siege of Missolonghi">3rd Messolonghi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_the_Acropolis_(1826%E2%80%9327)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of the Acropolis (1826–27)">2nd Acropolis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kalamata" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Kalamata">Kalamata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallachian_uprising_of_1821" title="Wallachian uprising of 1821">Wallachian uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Alamana" title="Battle of Alamana">Alamana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gravia_Inn" title="Battle of Gravia Inn">Gravia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valtetsi" title="Battle of Valtetsi">Valtetsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Doliana" title="Battle of Doliana">Doliana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lalas" title="Battle of Lalas">Lalas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vasilika_(Thessaloniki)" title="Battle of Vasilika (Thessaloniki)">Vasilika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dr%C4%83g%C4%83%C8%99ani" title="Battle of Drăgășani">Drăgășani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sculeni" title="Battle of Sculeni">Sculeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vasilika" title="Battle of Vasilika">Vasilika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Trench_(1821)" title="Battle of the Trench (1821)">Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Peta" title="Battle of Peta">Peta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dervenakia" title="Battle of Dervenakia">Dervenakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Karpenisi" title="Battle of Karpenisi">Karpenisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_civil_wars_of_1824%E2%80%9325" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek civil wars of 1824–25">Greek civil wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sphacteria_(1825)" title="Battle of Sphacteria (1825)">Sphacteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maniaki" title="Battle of Maniaki">Maniaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morea_expedition" title="Morea expedition">Morea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Lerna_Mills" title="Battle of the Lerna Mills">Lerna Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Egyptian_invasion_of_Mani" title="Ottoman–Egyptian invasion of Mani">Mani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Distomo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Distomo (page does not exist)">Distomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arachova" title="Battle of Arachova">Arachova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kamatero" title="Battle of Kamatero">Kamatero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Phaleron" title="Battle of Phaleron">Phaleron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chios_expedition" title="Chios expedition">Chios expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Martino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Martino (page does not exist)">Martino</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Koronisia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Koronisia (page does not exist)">Koronisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Petra" title="Battle of Petra">Petra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Massacres_during_the_Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Massacres during the Greek War of Independence">Massacres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constantinople_massacre_of_1821" title="Constantinople massacre of 1821">Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thessaloniki_Massacres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thessaloniki Massacres (page does not exist)">Thessaloniki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navarino_massacre" title="Navarino massacre">Navarino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tripolitsa" title="Siege of Tripolitsa">Tripolitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naousa_massacre" title="Naousa massacre">Naousa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_Samothrace_(1821)" title="Massacre of Samothrace (1821)">Samothrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chios_massacre" title="Chios massacre">Chios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_Psara" title="Destruction of Psara">Psara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasos_Massacre" title="Kasos Massacre">Kasos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9_July_Massacre_of_Greek-Cypriots&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9 July Massacre of Greek-Cypriots (page does not exist)">Cyprus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Naval conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Eresos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Eresos (page does not exist)">Eresos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burning_of_the_Ottoman_flagship_off_Chios" title="Burning of the Ottoman flagship off Chios">Chios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nauplia_(1822)" title="Battle of Nauplia (1822)">Nauplia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Samos_(1824)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Samos (1824)">Samos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Andros_(1825)" title="Battle of Andros (1825)">Andros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sphacteria_(1825)" title="Battle of Sphacteria (1825)">Sphacteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gerontas" title="Battle of Gerontas">Gerontas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Souda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Souda (page does not exist)">Souda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_raid_on_Alexandria_(1825)" title="Greek raid on Alexandria (1825)">Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Volos_(1827)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Volos (1827) (page does not exist)">Volos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Itea" title="Battle of Itea">Itea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Navarino" title="Battle of Navarino">Navarino</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Ships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Greek_Corvette_Agamemnon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greek Corvette Agamemnon (page does not exist)"><i>Agamemnon</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_brig_Aris" title="Greek brig Aris"><i>Aris</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_frigate_Hellas" title="Greek frigate Hellas"><i>Hellas</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karteria_(Greek_warship)" class="mw-redirect" title="Karteria (Greek warship)"><i>Karteria</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Greek_local_statutes" title="Greek local statutes">Greek regional councils and statutes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Messenian_Senate" title="Messenian Senate">Messenian Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Directorate_of_Achaea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Directorate of Achaea (page does not exist)">Directorate of Achaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peloponnesian_Senate" title="Peloponnesian Senate">Peloponnesian Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Western_Continental_Greece" title="Senate of Western Continental Greece">Senate of Western Continental Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Areopagus_of_Eastern_Continental_Greece" title="Areopagus of Eastern Continental Greece">Areopagus of Eastern Continental Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Provisional_Regime_of_Crete&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Provisional Regime of Crete (page does not exist)">Provisional Regime of Crete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military-Political_System_of_Samos" title="Military-Political System of Samos">Military-Political System of Samos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Greek_national_assemblies" title="Greek national assemblies">Greek national assemblies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_National_Assembly_at_Epidaurus" title="First National Assembly at Epidaurus">First (Epidaurus)</a> (<a href="/wiki/Executive_of_1822" title="Executive of 1822">Executive of 1822</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_National_Assembly_at_Astros" title="Second National Assembly at Astros">Second (Astros)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_National_Assembly_at_Troezen" title="Third National Assembly at Troezen">Third (Troezen)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_National_Assembly_at_Argos" title="Fourth National Assembly at Argos">Fourth (Argos)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_National_Assembly_at_Nafplion" title="Fifth National Assembly at Nafplion">Fifth (Nafplion)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">International Conferences,<br />treaties and protocols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Laibach" title="Congress of Laibach">Congress of Laibach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Verona" title="Congress of Verona">Congress of Verona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protocol_of_St._Petersburg_(1826)" title="Protocol of St. Petersburg (1826)">Protocol of St. Petersburg (1826)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_London_(1827)" title="Treaty of London (1827)">Treaty of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conference_of_Poros" title="Conference of Poros">Conference of Poros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Protocol_(1828)" title="London Protocol (1828)">London Protocol of 1828</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Protocol_(1829)" title="London Protocol (1829)">London Protocol of 1829</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Adrianople_(1829)" title="Treaty of Adrianople (1829)">Treaty of Adrianople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Protocol_(1830)" title="London Protocol (1830)">London Protocol of 1830</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Conference_of_1832" title="London Conference of 1832">London Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Constantinople_(1832)" title="Treaty of Constantinople (1832)">Treaty of Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_to_the_Throne_of_Greece_(1822%E2%80%931832)" title="Election to the Throne of Greece (1822–1832)">Proposals for the monarch of Greece</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Greek_expedition_to_Syria_(1825)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greek expedition to Syria (1825) (page does not exist)">Greek expedition to Syria (1825)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1828%E2%80%9329)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russo-Turkish War (1828–29)">Russo-Turkish War (1828–29)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: #cedff2;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:People_of_the_Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Category:People of the Greek War of Independence">Personalities</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/First_Hellenic_Republic" title="First Hellenic Republic">Greece</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chian_Committee" title="Chian Committee">Chian Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseas_Androutsos" title="Odysseas Androutsos">Odysseas Androutsos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fotos_Bomporis" title="Fotos Bomporis">Fotos Bomporis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostas_Botsaris" title="Kostas Botsaris">Kostas Botsaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markos_Botsaris" title="Markos Botsaris">Markos Botsaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notis_Botsaris" title="Notis Botsaris">Notis Botsaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tousias_Botsaris" title="Tousias Botsaris">Tousias Botsaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laskarina_Bouboulina" title="Laskarina Bouboulina">Laskarina Bouboulina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Denis_Bourbaki" title="Constantin Denis Bourbaki">Constantin Denis Bourbaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefanos_Chalis" title="Stefanos Chalis">Stefanos Chalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotiris_Charalampis" title="Sotiris Charalampis">Sotiris Charalampis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giannis_Chondrogiannis" title="Giannis Chondrogiannis">Giannis Chondrogiannis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Christidis" title="Dimitrios Christidis">Dimitrios Christidis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Danglis_(chieftain)" title="Panagiotis Danglis (chieftain)">Panagiotis Danglis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatzimichalis_Dalianis" title="Hatzimichalis Dalianis">Hatzimichalis Dalianis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Deligeorgis" title="Dimitrios Deligeorgis">Dimitrios Deligeorgis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrakis_Deligiannis" title="Dimitrakis Deligiannis">Dimitrakis Deligiannis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanellos_Deligiannis" title="Kanellos Deligiannis">Kanellos Deligiannis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasios_Diakos" title="Athanasios Diakos">Athanasios Diakos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysis_Diakos" title="Dionysis Diakos">Dionysis Diakos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Dimidis" title="Konstantinos Dimidis">Konstantinos Dimidis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Dimoulitsas" title="Ioannis Dimoulitsas">Ioannis Dimoulitsas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Doukas" title="Adam Doukas">Adam Doukas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Drakos" title="Georgios Drakos">Georgios Drakos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiannis_Dyovouniotis" title="Yiannis Dyovouniotis">Yiannis Dyovouniotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Filippopoulos" title="Georgios Filippopoulos">Georgios Filippopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asimakis_Fotilas" title="Asimakis Fotilas">Asimakis Fotilas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagiotakis_Fotilas" title="Panagiotakis Fotilas">Panagiotakis Fotilas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelis_Gatsos" title="Angelis Gatsos">Angelis Gatsos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonios_Georgantas" title="Antonios Georgantas">Antonios Georgantas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanos_III_of_Old_Patras" title="Germanos III of Old Patras">Germanos III of Old Patras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Gevidis" title="Georgios Gevidis">Georgios Gevidis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Gofas" title="Konstantinos Gofas">Konstantinos Gofas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasileios_Goudas" title="Vasileios Goudas">Vasileios Goudas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yannis_Gouras" title="Yannis Gouras">Ioannis Gouras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Gouvelis" title="Dimitrios Gouvelis">Dimitrios Gouvelis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Gouvelis_(1780%E2%80%931829)" title="Konstantinos Gouvelis (1780–1829)">Konstantinos Gouvelis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelis_Govios" title="Angelis Govios">Angelis Govios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Indares" title="Dimitrios Indares">Dimitrios Indares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah_of_Salona" title="Isaiah of Salona">Isaiah of Salona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonios_Kalamogdartis" title="Antonios Kalamogdartis">Antonios Kalamogdartis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Kalaras" title="George Kalaras">George Kalaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Kallergis" title="Dimitrios Kallergis">Dimitrios Kallergis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Athanasios_Kampetis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Athanasios Kampetis (page does not exist)">Athanasios Kampetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasios_Kanakaris" title="Athanasios Kanakaris">Athanasios Kanakaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Kanaris" title="Konstantinos Kanaris">Konstantinos Kanaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefanos_Kanellos" title="Stefanos Kanellos">Stefanos Kanellos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Kapodistrias" title="Ioannis Kapodistrias">Ioannis Kapodistrias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viaros_Kapodistrias" title="Viaros Kapodistrias">Viaros Kapodistrias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamatios_Kapsas" title="Stamatios Kapsas">Stamatios Kapsas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgakis_Kapsokalyvas" title="Georgakis Kapsokalyvas">Georgakis Kapsokalyvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastasios_Karatasos" title="Anastasios Karatasos">Anastasios Karatasos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Karatzas" title="Panagiotis Karatzas">Panagiotis Karatzas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Karaiskakis" title="Georgios Karaiskakis">Georgios Karaiskakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristeidis_Karnalis" title="Aristeidis Karnalis">Aristeidis Karnalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Kasomoulis" title="Nikolaos Kasomoulis">Nikolaos Kasomoulis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Kolettis" title="Ioannis Kolettis">Ioannis Kolettis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolis_Kolokotronis" title="Apostolis Kolokotronis">Apostolis Kolokotronis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennaios_Kolokotronis" title="Gennaios Kolokotronis">Ioannis Kolokotronis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panos_Kolokotronis" title="Panos Kolokotronis">Panos Kolokotronis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodoros_Kolokotronis" title="Theodoros Kolokotronis">Theodoros Kolokotronis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michail_Komninos_Afentoulief" title="Michail Komninos Afentoulief">Michail Komninos Afentoulief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandros_Kontostavlos" title="Alexandros Kontostavlos">Alexandros Kontostavlos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panos_Koronaios" title="Panos Koronaios">Panos Koronaios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Kountouriotis" title="Georgios Kountouriotis">Georgios Kountouriotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazaros_Kountouriotis" title="Lazaros Kountouriotis">Lazaros Kountouriotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michalis_Kourmoulis" title="Michalis Kourmoulis">Michalis Kourmoulis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Krestenitis_(elder)" title="Ioannis Krestenitis (elder)">Ioannis Krestenitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lykourgos_Krestenitis" title="Lykourgos Krestenitis">Lykourgos Krestenitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamatis_Krestenitis" title="Stamatis Krestenitis">Stamatis Krestenitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonios_Kriezis" title="Antonios Kriezis">Antonios Kriezis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Kriezotis" title="Nikolaos Kriezotis">Nikolaos Kriezotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyprianos_of_Cyprus" title="Kyprianos of Cyprus">Kyprianos of Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Lagoumitzis" title="Konstantinos Lagoumitzis">Konstantinos Lagoumitzis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Lassanis" title="Georgios Lassanis">Georgios Lassanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Lechouritis" title="Georgios Lechouritis">Georgios Lechouritis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonardos_Leonardopoulos" title="Leonardos Leonardopoulos">Leonardos Leonardopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Liologlou" title="Georgios Liologlou">Georgios Liologlou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lykourgos_Logothetis" title="Lykourgos Logothetis">Lykourgos Logothetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Londos" title="Andreas Londos">Andreas Londos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiannis_Makriyiannis" class="mw-redirect" title="Yiannis Makriyiannis">Yiannis Makriyiannis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Mamouris" title="Ioannis Mamouris">Ioannis Mamouris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastasios_Manakis" title="Anastasios Manakis">Anastasios Manakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manto_Mavrogenous" title="Manto Mavrogenous">Manto Mavrogenous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandros_Mavrokordatos" title="Alexandros Mavrokordatos">Alexandros Mavrokordatos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonios_Mavromichalis" title="Antonios Mavromichalis">Antonios Mavromichalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrios_Mavromichalis" title="Demetrios Mavromichalis">Demetrios Mavromichalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Mavromichalis" title="Georgios Mavromichalis">Georgios Mavromichalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Mavromichalis" title="Konstantinos Mavromichalis">Konstantinos Mavromichalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyriakoulis_Mavromichalis_(military_commander)" title="Kyriakoulis Mavromichalis (military commander)">Kyriakoulis Mavromichalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrobey_Mavromichalis" title="Petrobey Mavromichalis">Petrobey Mavromichalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Meletopoulos" title="Dimitrios Meletopoulos">Dimitrios Meletopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Metaxas" title="Andreas Metaxas">Andreas Metaxas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Metaxas" title="Konstantinos Metaxas">Konstantinos Metaxas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatzigiannis_Mexis" title="Hatzigiannis Mexis">Hatzigiannis Mexis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Vokos_Miaoulis" class="mw-redirect" title="Andreas Vokos Miaoulis">Andreas Miaoulis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonios_Miaoulis" title="Antonios Miaoulis">Antonios Miaoulis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Michanidis" title="Panagiotis Michanidis">Panagiotis Michanidis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spyromilios" title="Spyromilios">Spyros Milios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Mykonios" title="Nikolaos Mykonios">Nikolaos Mykonios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zachos_Milios" title="Zachos Milios">Zachos Milios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Negris" title="Alexander Negris">Alexander Negris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Negris" title="Konstantinos Negris">Konstantinos Negris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodoros_Negris" title="Theodoros Negris">Theodoros Negris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamantis_Nikolaou" title="Diamantis Nikolaou">Diamantis Nikolaou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Nikolopoulos_(composer)" title="Konstantinos Nikolopoulos (composer)">Konstantinos Nikolopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Notaras" title="Ioannis Notaras">Ioannis Notaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonis_Oikonomou" title="Antonis Oikonomou">Antonis Oikonomou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Orlandos" title="Ioannis Orlandos">Ioannis Orlandos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_Paikos" title="Andronikos Paikos">Andronikos Paikos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Panou" title="Georgios Panou">Georgios Panou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Panourgias" title="Dimitrios Panourgias">Dimitrios Panourgias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakos_Panourgias" title="Nakos Panourgias">Nakos Panourgias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papaflessas" title="Papaflessas">Grigorios Papaflessas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anagnostaras" title="Anagnostaras">Anagnostis Papageorgiou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Papanikolis" title="Dimitrios Papanikolis">Dimitrios Papanikolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanouel_Pappas" title="Emmanouel Pappas">Emmanouel Pappas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoforos_Perraivos" title="Christoforos Perraivos">Christoforos Perraivos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Petimezas" title="Nikolaos Petimezas">Nikolaos Petimezas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasileios_Petimezas_(1785%E2%80%931872)" title="Vasileios Petimezas (1785–1872)">Vasileios Petimezas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysios_Petrakis" title="Dionysios Petrakis">Dionysios Petrakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Pipinos" title="Andreas Pipinos">Andreas Pipinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyriakos_Pittakis" title="Kyriakos Pittakis">Kyriakos Pittakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastasios_Polyzoidis" title="Anastasios Polyzoidis">Anastasios Polyzoidis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Rados" title="Konstantinos Rados">Konstantinos Rados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Rangos" title="Ioannis Rangos">Ioannis Rangos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panagiotis_Rodios&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panagiotis Rodios (page does not exist)">Panagiotis Rodios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysios_Romas" title="Dionysios Romas">Dionysios Romas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Sachtouris" title="Georgios Sachtouris">Georgios Sachtouris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Sekeris" title="Georgios Sekeris">Georgios Sekeris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theofanis_Siatisteus" title="Theofanis Siatisteus">Theofanis Siatisteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Sisinis" title="Georgios Sisinis">Georgios Sisinis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Skandalidis" title="Ioannis Skandalidis">Ioannis Skandalidis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zisis_Sotiriou" title="Zisis Sotiriou">Zisis Sotiriou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikitaras" title="Nikitaras">Nikitas Stamatelopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Stavros" title="Georgios Stavros">Georgios Stavros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stephanini" title="Joseph Stephanini">Joseph Stephanini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Stratos" title="Ioannis Stratos">Ioannis Stratos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotirios_Theocharopoulos" title="Sotirios Theocharopoulos">Sotirios Theocharopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zafeirakis_Theodosiou" title="Zafeirakis Theodosiou">Zafeirakis Theodosiou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanouil_Tombazis" title="Emmanouil Tombazis">Emmanouil Tombazis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iakovos_Tombazis" title="Iakovos Tombazis">Iakovos Tombazis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Trikoupis" title="Ioannis Trikoupis">Ioannis Trikoupis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastasios_Tsamados" title="Anastasios Tsamados">Anastasios Tsamados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melchisedek_Tsouderos" title="Melchisedek Tsouderos">Melchisedek Tsouderos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitsos_Tzavellas" class="mw-redirect" title="Kitsos Tzavellas">Kitsos Tzavellas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodoros_Tzinis" title="Theodoros Tzinis">Theodoros Tzinis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loukas_Vagias" title="Loukas Vagias">Loukas Vagias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanasoulas_Valtinos" title="Thanasoulas Valtinos">Thanasoulas Valtinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Varis" title="Dimitrios Varis">Dimitrios Varis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meletis_Vasileiou" title="Meletis Vasileiou">Meletis Vasileiou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domna_Visvizi" title="Domna Visvizi">Domna Visvizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexakis_Vlachopoulos" title="Alexakis Vlachopoulos">Alexakis Vlachopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Vlachopoulos" title="Konstantinos Vlachopoulos">Konstantinos Vlachopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pieros_Voidis" title="Pieros Voidis">Pieros Voidis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liolios_Xirolivaditis" title="Liolios Xirolivaditis">Liolios Xirolivaditis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrios_Ypsilantis" title="Demetrios Ypsilantis">Demetrios Ypsilantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoforos_Zachariadis" title="Christoforos Zachariadis">Christoforos Zachariadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Zaimis" title="Andreas Zaimis">Andreas Zaimis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanos_Zapheiropoulos" title="Germanos Zapheiropoulos">Germanos Zapheiropoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelos_Zappas" title="Evangelos Zappas">Evangelos Zappas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marigo_Zarafopoula" title="Marigo Zarafopoula">Marigo Zarafopoula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Zervas" title="Nikolaos Zervas">Nikolaos Zervas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Philhellenism" title="Philhellenism">Philhellenes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ant%C3%B3nio_Figueira_d%27Almeida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="António Figueira d'Almeida (page does not exist)">António Figueira d'Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Balestra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Balestra (page does not exist)">Joseph Balestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Barff" title="Samuel Barff">Samuel Barff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Marie_Bonaparte" title="Paul Marie Bonaparte">Paul Marie Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Rudolf_Brommy" title="Karl Rudolf Brommy">Karl Rudolf Brommy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Byron" title="Lord Byron">Lord Byron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Ren%C3%A9_de_Chateaubriand" title="François-René de Chateaubriand">François-René de Chateaubriand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Church_(general)" title="Richard Church (general)">Richard Church</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giuseppe_Chiappe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giuseppe Chiappe (page does not exist)">Giuseppe Chiappe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cochrane,_10th_Earl_of_Dundonald" title="Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald">Lord Cochrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacinto_Collegno" title="Giacinto Collegno">Giacinto Collegno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Nicolas_Fabvier" title="Charles Nicolas Fabvier">Charles Fabvier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Friedel" title="Adam Friedel">Adam Friedel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Gallina" title="Vincenzo Gallina">Vincenzo Gallina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gordon_(British_Army_officer)" title="Thomas Gordon (British Army officer)">Thomas Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Guys" title="Constantin Guys">Constantin Guys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Han" title="Emmanuel Han">Emmanuel Han</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Abney_Hastings" title="Frank Abney Hastings">Frank Abney Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Wilhelm_von_Heideck" title="Carl Wilhelm von Heideck">Carl von Heideck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Gridley_Howe" title="Samuel Gridley Howe">Samuel Gridley Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Jarvis_(Philhellene)" title="George Jarvis (Philhellene)">George Jarvis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Krazeisen" title="Karl Krazeisen">Karl Krazeisen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Nikolai_Kr%C3%B8yer" title="Henrik Nikolai Krøyer">Henrik Nikolai Krøyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_I_of_Bavaria" title="Ludwig I of Bavaria">Ludwig I of Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Michael_Mangel" title="Ernst Michael Mangel">Ernst Michael Mangel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophie_de_Marbois-Lebrun,_Duchess_of_Plaisance" title="Sophie de Marbois-Lebrun, Duchess of Plaisance">Sophie de Marbois-Lebrun, Duchess of Plaisance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasos_Mavrovouniotis" title="Vasos Mavrovouniotis">Vasos Mavrovouniotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Jakob_Meyer" title="Johann Jakob Meyer">Johann Jakob Meyer</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ellinika_Chronika" title="Ellinika Chronika">Ellinika Chronika</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Miller_(abolitionist)" title="Jonathan Miller (abolitionist)">Jonathan Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Michael_Millingen" title="Julius Michael Millingen">Julius Michael Millingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Myhrberg" title="August Myhrberg">August Myhrberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_von_Normann-Ehrenfels" title="Karl von Normann-Ehrenfels">Karl von Normann-Ehrenfels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Had%C5%BEi-Prodan" title="Hadži-Prodan">Hadži-Prodan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Persat" title="Maurice Persat">Maurice Persat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theobald_Piscatory" title="Theobald Piscatory">Theobald Piscatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois-Maxime_Raybaud" title="Jean-François-Maxime Raybaud">Maxime Raybaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auguste_Regnaud_de_Saint-Jean_d%27Ang%C3%A9ly" title="Auguste Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély">Auguste Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Rosaroll" title="Giuseppe Rosaroll">Giuseppe Rosaroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annibale_Santorre_di_Rossi_de_Pomarolo,_Count_of_Santarosa" title="Annibale Santorre di Rossi de Pomarolo, Count of Santarosa">Annibale Santorre di Rossi de Pomarolo, Count of Santarosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Thiersch" title="Friedrich Thiersch">Friedrich Thiersch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auguste_Hilarion_Touret" title="Auguste Hilarion Touret">Auguste Hilarion Touret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_John_Trelawny" title="Edward John Trelawny">Edward John Trelawny</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=German_Legion_(Philhellenes)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="German Legion (Philhellenes) (page does not exist)">German Legion</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%9B%CE%B5%CE%B3%CE%B5%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B1" class="extiw" title="el:Γερμανική Λεγεώνα">el</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serb_volunteers_in_the_Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Serb volunteers in the Greek War of Independence">Serbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Urquhart" title="David Urquhart">David Urquhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Voutier" title="Olivier Voutier">Olivier Voutier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Jakob_Williams" title="James Jakob Williams">James Jakob Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Moldavia" title="Moldavia">Moldavia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wallachia" title="Wallachia">Wallachia</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Danubian_Principalities" title="Danubian Principalities">Danubian Principalities</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Band_(1821)" title="Sacred Band (1821)">Sacred Band</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Athanasios_Agrafiotis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Athanasios Agrafiotis (page does not exist)">Athanasios Agrafiotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastasios_Christopoulos" title="Anastasios Christopoulos">Anastasios Christopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamandi_Djuvara" title="Diamandi Djuvara">Diamandi Djuvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefanos_Kanellos" title="Stefanos Kanellos">Stefanos Kanellos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandros_Kantakouzinos" title="Alexandros Kantakouzinos">Alexandros Kantakouzinos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georgios_Kantakouzinos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georgios Kantakouzinos (page does not exist)">Georgios Kantakouzinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rallou_Karatza" title="Rallou Karatza">Rallou Karatza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamatios_Kleanthis" title="Stamatios Kleanthis">Stamatios Kleanthis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Lassanis" title="Georgios Lassanis">Georgios Lassanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_Levidis" title="Constantine Levidis">Constantine Levidis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrie_Macedonski" title="Dimitrie Macedonski">Dimitrie Macedonski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastasios_Manakis" title="Anastasios Manakis">Anastasios Manakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgakis_Olympios" title="Giorgakis Olympios">Giorgakis Olympios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiannis_Pharmakis" title="Yiannis Pharmakis">Yiannis Pharmakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Soutzos" title="Michael Soutzos">Michael Soutzos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxani_Soutzos" title="Roxani Soutzos">Roxani Soutzos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasios_Tsakalov" title="Athanasios Tsakalov">Athanasios Tsakalov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tudor_Vladimirescu" title="Tudor Vladimirescu">Tudor Vladimirescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Xenokratis" title="Konstantinos Xenokratis">Konstantinos Xenokratis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ypsilantis" title="Alexander Ypsilantis">Alexander Ypsilantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrios_Ypsilantis" title="Demetrios Ypsilantis">Demetrios Ypsilantis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolaos_Ypsilantis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikolaos Ypsilantis (page does not exist)">Nikolaos Ypsilantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoforos_Zachariadis" title="Christoforos Zachariadis">Christoforos Zachariadis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Algeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Algeria">Algeria</a>, and <a href="/wiki/History_of_Egypt_under_the_Muhammad_Ali_dynasty" title="History of Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty">Egypt</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_II" title="Mahmud II">Sultan Mahmud II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurshid_Pasha" title="Hurshid Pasha">Hurshid Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasuhzade_Ali_Pasha" title="Nasuhzade Ali Pasha">Nasuhzade Ali Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismael_Gibraltar" title="Ismael Gibraltar">Ismael Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omer_Vrioni" title="Omer Vrioni">Omer Vrioni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kara_Mehmet_(Kapudan_Pasha)" title="Kara Mehmet (Kapudan Pasha)">Kara Mehmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_Dramali_Pasha" title="Mahmud Dramali Pasha">Mahmud Dramali Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koca_H%C3%BCsrev_Mehmed_Pasha" title="Koca Hüsrev Mehmed Pasha">Koca Hüsrev Mehmed Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Re%C5%9Fid_Mehmed_Pasha" title="Reşid Mehmed Pasha">Reşid Mehmed Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yussuf_Pasha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yussuf Pasha (page does not exist)">Yussuf Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Pasha_of_Egypt" title="Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt">Ibrahim Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soliman_Pasha_al-Faransawi" title="Soliman Pasha al-Faransawi">Soliman Pasha al-Faransawi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">Britain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France" title="Bourbon Restoration in France">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Canning" title="George Canning">George Canning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratford_Canning,_1st_Viscount_Stratford_de_Redcliffe" title="Stratford Canning, 1st Viscount Stratford de Redcliffe">Stratford Canning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Codrington" title="Edward Codrington">Edward Codrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Rigny" title="Henri de Rigny">Henri de Rigny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lodewijk_van_Heiden" title="Lodewijk van Heiden">Lodewijk van Heiden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Alexander I of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_I_of_Russia" title="Nicholas I of Russia">Nicholas I of Russia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Financial aid</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_Philhellenic_Committee" title="London Philhellenic Committee">London Philhellenic Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_I_of_Bavaria" title="Ludwig I of Bavaria">Ludwig I of Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Gabriel_Eynard" title="Jean-Gabriel Eynard">Jean-Gabriel Eynard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazaros_Kountouriotis" title="Lazaros Kountouriotis">Lazaros Kountouriotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Papafis" title="Ioannis Papafis">Ioannis Papafis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Stavros" title="Georgios Stavros">Georgios Stavros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Varvakis" title="Ioannis Varvakis">Ioannis Varvakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rothschild_%26_Co" title="Rothschild & Co">Rothschild & Co</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Morea_expedition" title="Morea expedition">Morea expedition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center;;width:1%">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Joseph_Maison" title="Nicolas Joseph Maison">Nicolas Joseph Maison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Simon_Durrieu" title="Antoine Simon Durrieu">Antoine Simon Durrieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Virgile_Schneider" title="Antoine Virgile Schneider">Antoine Virgile Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auguste_Regnaud_de_Saint-Jean_d%27Ang%C3%A9ly" title="Auguste Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély">Auguste Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Alphonse_Tr%C3%A9zel" title="Camille Alphonse Trézel">Camille Alphonse Trézel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center;;width:1%">Scientific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Bory_de_Saint-Vincent" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent">Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on-Jean-Joseph_Dubois" title="Léon-Jean-Joseph Dubois">Léon-Jean-Joseph Dubois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Peytier" title="Pierre Peytier">Pierre Peytier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamatis_Voulgaris" title="Stamatis Voulgaris">Stamatis Voulgaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume-Abel_Blouet" title="Guillaume-Abel Blouet">Guillaume-Abel Blouet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Bibron" title="Gabriel Bibron">Gabriel Bibron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosper_Baccuet" title="Prosper Baccuet">Prosper Baccuet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Emmanuel_Amaury_Duval" title="Eugène Emmanuel Amaury Duval">Eugène Emmanuel Amaury Duval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Narcisse_Gu%C3%A9rin" title="Pierre-Narcisse Guérin">Pierre-Narcisse Guérin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lenormant" title="Charles Lenormant">Charles Lenormant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Quinet" title="Edgar Quinet">Edgar Quinet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Historians/Memoirists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%BD" class="extiw" title="el:Δημήτριος Αινιάν">Dimitrios Ainian</a></li> <li><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%8E%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%A7%CF%81%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B8%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82" class="extiw" title="el:Φώτιος Χρυσανθόπουλος">Fotis Chrysanthopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Filimon" title="Ioannis Filimon">Ioannis Filimon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Finlay" title="George Finlay">George Finlay</a></li> <li><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BC%CE%B2%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%A6%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%AE%CF%82_(%CF%80%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B2%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82)" class="extiw" title="el:Αμβρόσιος Φραντζής (πρεσβύτερος)"> Ambrosios Frantzis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambros_Koutsonikas" title="Lambros Koutsonikas">Lambros Koutsonikas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Metaxas" title="Konstantinos Metaxas">Konstantinos Metaxas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panoutsos_Notaras" title="Panoutsos Notaras">Panoutsos Notaras</a></li> <li><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%8E%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%83%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%82" class="extiw" title="el:Παναγιώτης Παπατσώνης">Panagiotis Papatsonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastasios_Polyzoidis" title="Anastasios Polyzoidis">Anastasios Polyzoidis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Tertsetis" title="Georgios Tertsetis">Georgios Tertsetis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spyridon_Trikoupis" title="Spyridon Trikoupis">Spyridon Trikoupis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix" title="Eugène Delacroix">Eugène Delacroix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Dupr%C3%A9_(painter)" title="Louis Dupré (painter)">Louis Dupré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_von_Hess" title="Peter von Hess">Peter von Hess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Hugo" title="Victor Hugo">Victor Hugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Pouqueville" title="François Pouqueville">François Pouqueville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pushkin" title="Alexander Pushkin">Alexander Pushkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Krazeisen" title="Karl Krazeisen">Karl Krazeisen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Kalvos" title="Andreas Kalvos">Andreas Kalvos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysios_Solomos" title="Dionysios Solomos">Dionysios Solomos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodoros_Vryzakis" title="Theodoros Vryzakis">Theodoros Vryzakis</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hellas_(poem)" title="Hellas (poem)">Hellas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Reception_of_Lord_Byron_at_Missolonghi" title="The Reception of Lord Byron at Missolonghi">The Reception of Lord Byron at Missolonghi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Greece_on_the_Ruins_of_Missolonghi" title="Greece on the Ruins of Missolonghi">Greece on the Ruins of Missolonghi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_si%C3%A8ge_de_Corinthe" title="Le siège de Corinthe">Le siège de Corinthe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Massacre_at_Chios" title="The Massacre at Chios">The Massacre at Chios</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Free_Besieged" title="The Free Besieged">The Free Besieged</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hymn_to_Liberty" title="Hymn to Liberty">Hymn to Liberty</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Archipelago_on_Fire" title="The Archipelago on Fire">The Archipelago on Fire</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loukis_Laras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loukis Laras (page does not exist)">Loukis Laras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Apotheosis_of_Athanasios_Diakos" title="The Apotheosis of Athanasios Diakos">The Apotheosis of Athanasios Diakos</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Remembrance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>25 March (Independence Day)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymn_to_Liberty" title="Hymn to Liberty">Hymn to Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleftheria_i_thanatos" title="Eleftheria i thanatos">Eleftheria i thanatos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedion_tou_Areos" title="Pedion tou Areos">Pedion tou Areos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propylaea_(Munich)" title="Propylaea (Munich)">Propylaea (Munich)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garden_of_Heroes_(Missolonghi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garden of Heroes (Missolonghi) (page does not exist)">Garden of Heroes (Missolonghi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Phalanx" title="Royal Phalanx">Royal Phalanx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evzones" title="Evzones">Evzones</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidential_Guard_(Greece)" title="Presidential Guard (Greece)">Presidential Guard</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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