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Betaalpenning - Wikipedia

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Beschikbaar in 29 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مسكوكة رمزية – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مسكوكة رمزية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Жэтон – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Жэтон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Жетон – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Жетон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9ssera" title="Téssera – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Téssera" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDeton" title="Žeton – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Žeton" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polet" title="Polet – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Polet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wertmarke" title="Wertmarke – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wertmarke" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Token_coin" title="Token coin – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Token coin" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B4etono" title="Ĵetono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĵetono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monetiforme" title="Monetiforme – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Monetiforme" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="ژتون – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ژتون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahake" title="Rahake – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rahake" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeton" title="Jeton – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jeton" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDeton" title="Žeton – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Žeton" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zseton" title="Zseton – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Zseton" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B6rupeningur" title="Vörupeningur – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Vörupeningur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettone" title="Gettone – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gettone" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E7%94%A8%E8%B2%A8%E5%B9%A3" title="代用貨幣 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="代用貨幣" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollett" title="Pollett – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pollett" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBeton" title="Żeton – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Żeton" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD_(%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA)" title="Токен (денежный знак) – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Токен (денежный знак)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhetoni" title="Zhetoni – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Zhetoni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDeton" title="Žeton – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Žeton" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollett" title="Pollett – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pollett" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeton" title="Jeton – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Jeton" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%83%DB%90%D9%86_(%D8%A8%DB%95%D9%84%DA%AF%DB%95)" title="توكېن (بەلگە) – Oeigoers" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="توكېن (بەلگە)" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Oeigoers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Жетон – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Жетон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%93ng_token" title="Đồng token – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đồng token" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E5%B9%A3" title="代幣 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="代幣" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q751944#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Betaalpenning" title="Inhoudspagina bekijken [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new 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class="vector-menu-heading"> In andere projecten </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Token_coins" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q751944" title="Koppeling naar item in verbonden gegevensrepository [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Uiterlijk</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Gaspenning_Almelo_vz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Gaspenning_Almelo_vz.jpg/260px-Gaspenning_Almelo_vz.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Gaspenning_Almelo_vz.jpg/390px-Gaspenning_Almelo_vz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Gaspenning_Almelo_vz.jpg/520px-Gaspenning_Almelo_vz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>Gaspenning uit Almelo</figcaption></figure> <p>Een <b>betaalpenning</b> is een <a href="/wiki/Munt_(betaalmiddel)" title="Munt (betaalmiddel)">munt</a> die in een beperkte context als onderdeel van een machine, tegoedbon of ontvangstbewijs fungeert. Als de context niet beperkt is spreekt men van noodgeld. Betaalpenningen hebben meestal de vorm van een munt van metaal, kunststof of karton. De eerste betaalpenningen waren waarschijnlijk de Romeinse <a href="/wiki/Spintria" title="Spintria">spintria</a>'s. In de middeleeuwen beleefden de armenloodjes een hoge vlucht. Deze werden na de opkomst van het socialisme concurrentie aangedaan door de coöperatiepenningen. Het raadsteken, uitgereikt aan onbezoldigde gemeenteraadsleden en geaccepteerd als betaling voor bier, is een uitvinding van de vroege renaissance. De hondenpenning is een 19e-eeuwse ontwikkeling die ook nu nog wordt gebruikt. Van 1916 tot 1923 zijn in Frankrijk, Duitsland en België vele soorten van betaalpenningen in gebruik gekomen door het gebrek aan kleingeld. Hieronder waren veel vervoersbewijzen, penningen van coöperatieve ondernemingen, waaronder militaire kantines en tehuizen, gevangenispenningen (vooral voor krijgsgevangenenkampen) en entreebewijzen voor danszalen en bioscopen, maar ook geld voor sanatoria en psychiatrische inrichtingen. In deze periode ontwikkelde men in Duitsland de generieke betaalpenning, die met een gravering voor een bepaald doel kon worden bestemd. Na de Tweede Wereldoorlog kwamen gas, elektra en boordpenningen even op. Tegenwoordig is het overgrote deel van de betaalpenningen horecapenning, maar ook kantinepenningen, parkeerpenningen en amusementspenningen worden nog veel gebruikt. </p><p>Betaalpenningen kunnen naar doel worden ingedeeld in de volgende klassen: </p> <ul><li>Amusementspenningen. Voor gebruik in amusementsmachines, en <a href="/wiki/Casino_(gokken)" title="Casino (gokken)">casino's</a>.</li> <li>Horecapenningen. Worden gebruikt om consumpties te betalen in bijvoorbeeld <a href="/wiki/Kantine" title="Kantine">kantines</a>, cafés (ook bierpennig of kellnerspenning genaamd), <a href="/wiki/Discotheek_(uitgaansgelegenheid)" class="mw-redirect" title="Discotheek (uitgaansgelegenheid)">disco</a>'s of bij kraampjes op <a href="/wiki/Festival" title="Festival">festivals</a> (dan ook wel festivalmunt genoemd).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co%C3%B6peratie" title="Coöperatie">Coöperatieve</a>, liefdadigheids en armenpenningen. Voor de verkoop tegen een lagere prijs of winstdeling van de coöperatie.</li> <li>Penningen voor militaire kantines en winkels, <a href="/wiki/Gevangenis" title="Gevangenis">gevangenissen</a>, tuchthuizen, psychiatrische inrichtingen, tehuizen, bordelen en aan boord van schepen. Om te voorkomen dat het geld elders kan worden uitgegeven.</li> <li>Penningen voor automatische verkoop, bijvoorbeeld benzine, <a href="/wiki/Automatiek" title="Automatiek">automatiek</a>, melk, fotokopie.</li> <li>Penningen voor entree of <a href="/wiki/Parkeerautomaat" title="Parkeerautomaat">parkeren</a>. Bedienen gewoonlijk een slagboom, deur, kluisdeur of tourniquet.</li> <li>Kortingspenningen (advertentiepenningen met waardeaanduiding), statiegeldpenningen en raadstekens</li> <li>Tijdschakelpenningen voor <a href="/wiki/Gaspenning" title="Gaspenning">gas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elektriciteitspenning" title="Elektriciteitspenning">elektra</a>, telefoon, warm water, <a href="/wiki/Douche" title="Douche">douches</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wasserette" title="Wasserette">wasserettes</a> en <a href="/wiki/Wasstraat" title="Wasstraat">autowastunnels</a></li> <li>Plaatsbewijspenningen, gewoonlijk goed voor vervoer</li> <li>Belastingpenningen. Een ontvangstbewijs voor het betalen van belasting (hondenpenning, baardbelasting) of <a href="/wiki/Tolweg" title="Tolweg">tol</a>.</li> <li>Stukwerkpenningen. Uitgereikt aan diverse stukwerkers als hoedenmakers, houthakkers, plantagearbeiders, bananenplukkers en kolensjouwers om hun loonrechten bij te houden.</li></ul> <p>Reclamepenningen zonder waardeaanduiding zijn geen betaalpenningen, evenmin als rekenpenningen (jetons), <a href="/wiki/Speelgeld" title="Speelgeld">speelgeld</a>, gelegenheidspenningen en penningen ter controle van aanwezigheid (zoals gildepenningen, brandweerpenningen, koelpenningen voor mijnwerkers, communiepenningen van kerkgenootschappen en gereedschapspenningen). De term <i>betaalpenning</i> wordt ook wel gebruikt voor advertentiepenningen die door winkeliers voor een beperkte tijd als betaling worden aangenomen (na eerst door dezelfde winkeliers te zijn verkocht). Dit is niet terecht, want er is geen technische of economische reden voor de uitgifte van deze stukken. </p> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Token_coins#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Token coins">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div>Zie de categorie <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Token_coins#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Token coins">Token coins</a></b></i> van <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.</div> </div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐68ffbf475d‐4pc5q Cached time: 20241107011751 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.035 seconds Real time usage: 0.058 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 94/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1493/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 405/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.004/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 622660/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 38.199 1 Sjabloon:Commonscat 100.00% 38.199 1 -total 90.99% 34.758 1 Sjabloon:Zusterproject_box 44.69% 17.071 2 Sjabloon:First_non_empty 4.03% 1.538 1 Sjabloon:InterProject --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key nlwiki:pcache:idhash:293648-0!canonical and timestamp 20241107011751 and revision id 64660019. 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