Quantum Measurement Division

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nist-block--org" data-elastic-exclude=""> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Groups</h2> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-1ab9cbe9f4b9eb42152e63322c6c7420f8e6f2efc6d224ab1348db9ee223e65e"> <div class="link-list"> <ul> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title-1"><span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/pml/quantum-measurement-division/applied-electrical-metrology" hreflang="en">Applied Electrical Metrology Group</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title-1"><span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/pml/quantum-measurement/atomic-spectroscopy" hreflang="en">Atomic Spectroscopy Group</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title-1"><span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/pml/quantum-measurement-division/fundamental-constants-data-center" hreflang="en">Fundamental Constants Data Center</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title-1"><span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/pml/quantum-measurement/fundamental-electrical-measurements" hreflang="en">Fundamental Electrical Measurements Group</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title-1"><span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/pml/quantum-measurement-division/laser-cooling-and-trapping" hreflang="en">Laser Cooling and Trapping Group</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title-1"><span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/pml/quantum-measurement/mass-and-force" hreflang="en">Mass and Force Group</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-title-1"><span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/pml/quantum-measurement-division/quantum-optics" hreflang="en">Quantum Optics Group</a></span></div></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </aside> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--content tablet-lg:grid-col-8 desktop-lg:grid-col-9"> <div class="nist-block"> <div class="nist-content-row nist-content-row--width-legible paragraph paragraph--type--text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-block text-long"><p>We achieve this through precision measurements of various fundamental constants, realization of resistance and voltage through the quantum hall effect and Josephson effect respectively, and through our determination of the best values of the fundamental constants done under the auspices of the Task Group on Fundamental Constants of the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/codata-values-fundamental-physical-constants">Committee on Data for Science and Technology</a> (CODATA, an interdisciplinary unit of the Scientific Committee of the International Council for Science).</p> <p>The division is currently heavily engaged in the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/pml/productsservices/si-redefinition-portal">redefinition of the SI</a> that is expected to occur in 2018. We support this effort through R&D and through interactions with the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230314214441/http://www.bipm.org/en/about-us/">International Bureau of Weights and Measures</a> (BIPM) and its consultative committees including the Consultative Committee for Units (CCU), the Consultative Committee for Electricity and Magnetism (CCEM), and the Consultative Committee for Mass and Related Quantities (CCM).</p> <p>As part of this effort, NIST is building a new <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="0a3d327a-501f-4e5a-9690-4c81fbb99ec2" href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/si-redefinition/kilogram-kibble-balance" title="Kilogram: The Kibble Balance">Watt Balance</a> which - prior to the redefinition -will be used to make one final precision measurement of the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2017/06/new-measurement-will-help-redefine-international-unit-mass">Planck constant</a>. After the redefinition, it will become the means for the realization of the <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="60849a26-85a2-4241-8ad8-a24940c66f02" href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/si-redefinition/kilogram-introduction" title="Kilogram: Introduction">kilogram</a> in the United States.</p> <p>The planned redefinition of the SI in 2018 will achieve the goal of turning the SI into a system based on fundamental constants and properties of nature. In fact, the new redefined SI will be largely based on quantum mechanics and its generalizations. including quantum electrodynamics.</p> <p>As such, the strategy of the QMD is to:</p> <ul><li>investigate and exploit quantum behavior to create measurement tools and capabilities at and beyond the standard quantum limit</li> <li>explore the basic capabilities of complex quantum systems to better understand what future quantum technologies will allow us to measure, compute, and simulate</li> <li>exploit this knowledge to create the foundation to realize and disseminate mass, force, and electrical quantities and improve our ability to realize these quantities</li> <li>disseminate these quantities from first principles, through specially developed instruments and methodologies, or through scaling that minimizes the loss of accuracy of the various technologies involved relative to the best available quantum or classical technology</li> <li>to create critically evaluated data relevant to both fundamental constants and atomic properties</li> </ul></div> </div> <div class="nist-content-row nist-content-row--width-legible paragraph paragraph--type--text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-block text-long"><h2 class="nist-block__title">Redefining the Kilogram</h2> <div class="grid-row grid-gap"> <div class="grid-col-3"> <figure class="align-center nist-image"><img alt="K20 prototype mass" height="480" loading="lazy" src="/web/20230314214441im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/480_x_480_limit/public/images/2016/12/27/kilogram_underglass_hr450_1.png?itok=a-k9FyvS" typeof="foaf:Image" width="330"><figcaption class="nist-image__caption"><div class="nist-image__caption-content" data-caption-editable="true"> </div> </figcaption></figure></div> <div class="grid-col-9"> <p>For more than a century, the kilogram (kg) — the fundamental unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI) — was defined as exactly equal to the mass of a small polished cylinder, cast in 1879 of platinum and iridium.</p> <p>Kept in a triple-locked vault on the outskirts of Paris, the platinum-iridium cylinder was officially called the International Prototype of the Kilogram (IPK). It even had a nickname: Le Grand K (The Big K). The accuracy of every measurement of mass or weight worldwide, whether in pounds and ounces or milligrams and metric tons, depended on how closely the reference masses used in those measurements could be linked to the mass of the IPK.</p> <p>That situation has changed radically. In November 2018, the international scientific community voted to redefine the kilogram, freeing it from its embodiment in one golf-ball-sized artifact, and basing it instead on a constant of nature. That transformation was as profound as any in the history of measurement. <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="60849a26-85a2-4241-8ad8-a24940c66f02" href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/si-redefinition/kilogram-introduction" title="Kilogram: Introduction"><strong>MORE</strong></a></p> </div> </div></div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-content-list-ou paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-block "> <h2 class="nist-block__title"> <div class="string">News and Updates</div> </h2> <div class="viewsreference"><div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-053e52307455cb710f4e577791312542a0a0d136bfa8d3d3ad6fbed01a5510ad"> <div> <article role="article" about="/news-events/news/2023/01/artifacts-begone-nist-improves-its-flagship-device-measuring-mass" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/01/artifacts-begone-nist-improves-its-flagship-device-measuring-mass" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230314214441im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2023/01/18/NIST4-wheel.png?itok=zLUYyUHY" width="67" height="100" alt="NIST-4 Kibble balance" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/01/artifacts-begone-nist-improves-its-flagship-device-measuring-mass"><span property="schema:name">Artifacts, Begone! NIST Improves Its Flagship Device for Measuring Mass</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2023-01-18T12:00:00Z">January 18, 2023</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div property="schema:text" class="text-with-summary">In a brightly lit subterranean lab at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) sits a room-sized electromechanical machine called the NIST-4</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/news-events/news/2023/01/evse-fast-charging-network-challenges-calibration-and-traceability" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/01/evse-fast-charging-network-challenges-calibration-and-traceability" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230314214441im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2023/01/06/EV%20chargers.jpg?itok=uTD8J507" width="100" height="67" alt="EV chargers on the side of a road" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/01/evse-fast-charging-network-challenges-calibration-and-traceability"><span property="schema:name">EVSE Fast Charging Network: Challenges for Calibration and Traceability</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2023-01-07T12:00:00Z">January 7, 2023</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div property="schema:text" class="text-with-summary">The new year 2023 brings accelerated expansion of a nationwide network of electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE), supported by the U.S. Department of Energy</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/news-events/news/2022/12/unveiling-universe-4-new-studies-nist-explores-novel-ways-hunt-dark-matter" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2022/12/unveiling-universe-4-new-studies-nist-explores-novel-ways-hunt-dark-matter" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230314214441im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2021/06/01/nanowire_v3%20%28002%29.png?itok=DruF_Vtz" width="75" height="100" alt="Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detector" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2022/12/unveiling-universe-4-new-studies-nist-explores-novel-ways-hunt-dark-matter"><span property="schema:name">Unveiling the Universe: In 4 New Studies, NIST Explores Novel Ways to Hunt Dark Matter</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2022-12-08T12:00:00Z">December 8, 2022</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div property="schema:text" class="text-with-summary">For decades, astronomers and physicists have been trying to solve one of the deepest mysteries about the cosmos: An estimated 85% of its mass is missing.</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/news-events/news/2022/11/spotlight-maria-munozs-journey-spectroscopy-took-her-around-world" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2022/11/spotlight-maria-munozs-journey-spectroscopy-took-her-around-world" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230314214441im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2022/11/03/DSC_0770.jpg?itok=f0PYyI5B" width="100" height="67" alt="Maria Munoz poses in the lab, wearing safety goggles and heavy gloves. " loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2022/11/spotlight-maria-munozs-journey-spectroscopy-took-her-around-world"><span property="schema:name">Spotlight: Maria Munoz’s Journey Into Spectroscopy Took Her Around the World</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2022-11-01T12:00:00Z">November 1, 2022</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div property="schema:text" class="text-with-summary">To reach this point, NIST postdoctoral researcher Maria Munoz journeyed across borders and seas. Take a trip with us as we trace her career path from elementary</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <footer> <div class="link-list"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news-updates/org/5941">View All News and Updates</a></div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-content-list-ou paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-block "> <h2 class="nist-block__title"> <div class="string">Projects and Programs</div> </h2> <div class="viewsreference"><div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-5e9a67c27bfb3faa4785515f0a3a8860f3b1d0a777f019de1f1c5247d30e37f3"> <div> <article role="article" about="/programs-projects/ac-dc-difference" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/ac-dc-difference" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230314214441im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2021/05/10/acdc.png?itok=da5hvuLS" width="100" height="49" alt="thermal converter" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/ac-dc-difference"><span>AC-DC Difference</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> The NIST Ac-dc2 Difference Project performs leading edge measurement services and research for ac-dc difference measurements and dc voltage metrology. We </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/programs-projects/applications-quantum-information" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/applications-quantum-information" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230314214441im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2018/01/31/jqilogoupdate_6.jpg?itok=NcR7Qwma" width="100" height="54" alt="joint quantum institute" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/applications-quantum-information"><span>Applications of Quantum Information</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> Theory is being developed and used to devise methods for preserving and exploiting the quantum behavior of ever-larger systems for metrology, communication, and </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/programs-projects/atomic-spectroscopy-data-center" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/atomic-spectroscopy-data-center"><span>Atomic Spectroscopy Data Center</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> Critical compilations of atomic energy levels, transition wavelengths, and transition probabilities. Online databases. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/programs-projects/calibration-force-transducers" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/calibration-force-transducers" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230314214441im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2021/08/23/NIST.SP_.1247.png?itok=gD6-d7Ji" width="65" height="100" alt="SI Base Units chart" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/calibration-force-transducers"><span>Calibration of Force Transducers</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> NIST provides calibration services for force-measuring instruments by applying known forces, compression, tension or both, to the elastic transducer and </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <footer> <div class="link-list"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/projects-programs/org/5941">View All Projects/Programs</a></div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-content-list-ou paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-block "> <h2 class="nist-block__title"> <div class="string">Software</div> </h2> <div class="viewsreference"><div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-0590425d328607b77a925e99058c23486a0926c02ac3ec795f474cf37ab39819"> <div> <article role="article" about="/services-resources/software/simple-and-inexpensive-fpga-based-fast-multichannel-acquisition-board" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/software/simple-and-inexpensive-fpga-based-fast-multichannel-acquisition-board" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230314214441im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2016/09/16/lpgamountingsideview400_1.png?itok=Lwp5ZfNo" width="100" height="74" alt="photo of instrument and wiring" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/software/simple-and-inexpensive-fpga-based-fast-multichannel-acquisition-board"><span>Simple and Inexpensive FPGA-based Fast Multichannel Acquisition Board</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary">This project allows investigators to build their own data acquisition instruments to collect and statistically process data in real time, then send the results</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/services-resources/software/simple-and-inexpensive-fpga-based-fast-multichannel-acquisition-board-0" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/software/simple-and-inexpensive-fpga-based-fast-multichannel-acquisition-board-0"><span>Simple and Inexpensive FPGA-based Fast Multichannel Acquisition Board (Legacy/Original Version)</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary">NOTE: THIS PAGE REFERS TO THE ORIGINAL VERSION OF THIS PROJECT. THE NEWEST VERSION, DATED JANUARY 2015, CAN BE FOUND HERE.This first (and slightly buggy)</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/services-resources/software/noncollinear-phase-matching-uniaxial-and-biaxial-crystals" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/software/noncollinear-phase-matching-uniaxial-and-biaxial-crystals" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230314214441im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2016/09/12/correlated-noncollinear.jpg?itok=i9meSVMX" width="100" height="100" alt="Noncollinear crystal" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/software/noncollinear-phase-matching-uniaxial-and-biaxial-crystals"><span>Noncollinear phase matching in uniaxial and biaxial crystals</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary">Although significant work has been done to characterize collinear phase matching and to present many of its applications, noncollinear phase matching in both</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <footer> <div class="link-list"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/software/org/5941">View All Software</a></div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-content-list-ou paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-block "> <h2 class="nist-block__title"> <div class="string">Awards</div> </h2> <div class="viewsreference"><div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-5365ace00fccf4b6b463c0ad5d135dfb4fd9cdb7849855d61422dc76c81709c1"> <div> <article role="article" about="/nist-awards/2022-edward-uhler-condon-award-stephan-schlamminger" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/nist-awards/2022-edward-uhler-condon-award-stephan-schlamminger" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230314214441im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2022/12/20/Stephan.Schlamminger.Condon.jpg?itok=EDfjjJam" width="67" height="100" alt="Stephan Schlamminger Condon award" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/nist-awards/2022-edward-uhler-condon-award-stephan-schlamminger"><span>2022 - Edward Uhler Condon Award---Stephan Schlamminger</span> </a></h3> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="string-long">For explaining the physics of a crane operator’s trick of managing a swinging load and applying it to measure the universal gravitational constant G.</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/awards/2023-optica-fellow-alexey-gorshkov" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/awards/2023-optica-fellow-alexey-gorshkov" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230314214441im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2019/07/25/alexeygorshkov_04152015_9644.jpg?itok=RXRY2_iD" width="100" height="100" alt="Headshot of Alexey Gorshkov" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/awards/2023-optica-fellow-alexey-gorshkov"><span>2023 Optica Fellow - Alexey Gorshkov</span> </a></h3> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long">JQI Fellow Alexey Gorshkov was named a 2023 fellow of Optica, the organization formerly known as the Optical Society of America. Gorshkov</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/awards/2022-excellence-research-award-physical-and-information-sciences-alexey-gorshkov" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/awards/2022-excellence-research-award-physical-and-information-sciences-alexey-gorshkov"><span>2022 Excellence in Research Award in Physical and Information Sciences - Alexey Gorshkov</span> </a></h3> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long">In recognition for pioneering, fundamental contributions to the understanding, design, and control of large, interacting quantum systems</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/nist-awards/2021-arthur-s-flemming-award-alexey-gorshkov" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/nist-awards/2021-arthur-s-flemming-award-alexey-gorshkov"><span>2021 - Arthur S. Flemming Award---Alexey Gorshkov</span> </a></h3> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="string-long">Dr. Gorshkov’s creating strong interactions between photons gives a basis for technology using light rather than electrons to perform operations/computations. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <footer> <div class="link-list"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/awards/org/5941">View All Awards</a></div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-content-list-ou paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-block "> <h2 class="nist-block__title"> <div class="string">Press Coverage</div> </h2> <div class="viewsreference"><div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-409eb948883d58caf600eea058a1d5c0e0c02cee5a659b767a8084076646887f"> <div> <article role="article" about="/press-coverage/nist-researchers-unveil-mathematic-formula-safe-crane-operation" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/press-coverage/nist-researchers-unveil-mathematic-formula-safe-crane-operation" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230314214441im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2022/02/16/tiptoee_powergrid_SS_38013001.jpg?itok=mFzGTMQp" width="100" height="67" alt="crane" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/press-coverage/nist-researchers-unveil-mathematic-formula-safe-crane-operation"><span>NIST researchers unveil mathematic formula for safe crane operation</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="string">Safety+Health</div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="datetime"><time datetime="2022-04-13T12:00:00Z">April 13, 2022</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary">Using an equation they derived while studying the “motion of a so-called torsional pendulum,” researchers from the National Institute of Standards and</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/press-coverage/more-perfect-unit-new-mole" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/press-coverage/more-perfect-unit-new-mole" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230314214441im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2019/06/03/mole.png?itok=MvXHtIak" width="100" height="100" alt="Mole SI Symbol Circle Graphic" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/press-coverage/more-perfect-unit-new-mole"><span>A more perfect unit: the new mole</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="string">Popular Science</div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="datetime"><time datetime="2019-10-11T12:00:00Z">October 11, 2019</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary">A video about the redefinition of the mole, featuring NIST's Savelas Rabb, Robert Vocke, and Stephan Schlamminger.</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-content-list-ou paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-block "> <h2 class="nist-block__title"> <div class="string">Patents</div> </h2> <div class="viewsreference"><div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-c897692a76e8ad90ad6dcbe8b3e6e6fe103d3d05a5742e97a7f8b14e0a440fd6"> <div> <article role="article" about="/patents/quantum-enabled-flow-cytometer" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/patents/quantum-enabled-flow-cytometer"><span>QUANTUM-ENABLED FLOW CYTOMETER</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-field nist-field--label-inline"> <div class="nist-field__label">NIST Inventors</div> Sergey Polyakov and Ivan Burenkov </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary">patent description We invented a flow cytometer that can self-calibrate in an absolute way that can reach the sensitivity for quantification and enumeration of a single and small number of biological markers per a biological entity. The cytometer uses a photon-number resolving detector (or a</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/patents/absolute-mass-balance" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/patents/absolute-mass-balance"><span>ABSOLUTE MASS BALANCE</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-field nist-field--label-inline"> <div class="nist-field__label">NIST Inventors</div> Leon Chao and Jon R. Pratt </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"></div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/patents/quantum-flow-cytometer" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/patents/quantum-flow-cytometer"><span>Quantum Flow Cytometer</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-field nist-field--label-inline"> <div class="nist-field__label">NIST Inventors</div> Sergey Polyakov and Ivan Burenkov </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary">patent description We invented a flow cytometer that can self-calibrate in an absolute way that can reach the sensitivity for quantification and enumeration of a single and small number of biological markers per a biological entity. The cytometer uses a photon-number resolving detector (or a</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/patents/dynamic-force-contactor-providing-dynamic-force-and-calibrating-force-sensor-be-traceable" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <img src="/web/20230314214441im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2020/08/27/pic%20for%2010641663.jpg?itok=BgqUw16P" width="100" height="56" alt="Image describing the technology within the Portable Dynamic Force Primary Standard" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/patents/dynamic-force-contactor-providing-dynamic-force-and-calibrating-force-sensor-be-traceable"><span>Dynamic Force Contactor, Providing a Dynamic Force, and Calibrating a Force Sensor to be Traceable to the International System of Units</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-field nist-field--label-inline"> <div class="nist-field__label">NIST Inventors</div> Akobuije Chijioke </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary">Patent Description A longstanding and thorny problem in force metrology is that of accurately measuring rapidly changing forces. A key part of the problem is that the dynamic response of force sensors changes depending on the system in which the sensor is used, meaning that an external calibration</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <footer> <div class="link-list"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/patents/org/5941">View All Patents</a></div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--content-bottom"> <div class="nist-block nist-block--contact"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Contacts</h2> <div class="nist-contact"> <h3 class="nist-contact__heading">Division Chief and Deputy Division Chief</h3> <ul class="nist-contact__items"> <li role="article" about="/people/gerald-j-fitzpatrick" class="nist-contact__item"> <div class="nist-contact__name"><a href="/web/20230314214441/https://www.nist.gov/people/gerald-j-fitzpatrick" title="View staff profile page">Gerald J. 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