Facing floods and fires, undocumented immigrants have nowhere to turn for help

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class="topper-headings__subtitle">Most emergency funds after climate-related disasters still exclude undocumented immigrants. Can we change that?</h2> </div> </header> </div> <div class="topper-side-by-side__art"> <div class="topper-featured-image"> <div class="topper-featured-image__inner"> <figure class="topper-featured-image__figure"> <img src="https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1235063125_resized.jpg?quality=75&strip=all" alt="A street in New York looks wet, garbage and debris acoomultes in the sidewalk. A man wearing a white tank top and jeans walks through it." srcset="https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1235063125_resized.jpg?quality=75&strip=all 1600w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1235063125_resized.jpg?resize=1200%2C800&quality=75&strip=all 1200w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1235063125_resized.jpg?resize=330%2C220&quality=75&strip=all 330w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1235063125_resized.jpg?resize=768%2C512&quality=75&strip=all 768w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1235063125_resized.jpg?resize=1536%2C1024&quality=75&strip=all 1536w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1235063125_resized.jpg?resize=150%2C100&quality=75&strip=all 150w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" height="1067" width="1600" loading="eager" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async"/> <figcaption class="topper-featured-image__caption topper-featured-image__caption--"> Residents of Queens, New York remove items from their homes damaged by Hurricane Ida's flooding on September 3. <strong><em aria-label="Credit:">Jeenah Moon for The Washington Post via Getty Images</em></strong> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page__inner"> <main id="content" class="js-modal-gallery article-page" tabindex="-1"> <article class="article"> <div class='article__inner'> <div class="article__content"> <aside class="article-meta"> <div class="article-meta__contributor-info"> <div class="contributor-info contributor-info--in-article"> <figure class="contributor-info__headshot"> <a href="https://grist.org/author/maria-paula-rubiano/"> <figure class="headshot lazyload" data-bg="https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/maria-paula-e1634161522170.jpg?quality=75&strip=all" role="img" aria-label="María Paula Rubiano A. 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js-hang-punc" > <div class="auris-audio-iframe"> <iframe style="margin: 0 auto 20px; width: 100%; height: 100px; border: none; display: none" data-project-id="Yual8er4aaQbafhcldNK" allowfullscreen="false" allowtransparency allow="clipboard-read; clipboard-write" frameborder="0" id="ad-auris-iframe" scrolling="no"></iframe><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/ad-auris-iframe-distribution-nextgen@latest/location-href-script.production.js"></script> </div> <p>When Hurricane Ida hit New York City on September 16, it dumped more than three inches of rain an hour. Sewers overflowed, streets turned into rivers, and thousands of homes and basements across the city’s five boroughs flooded. Assemblymember <a href="https://nyassembly.gov/mem/Jessica-Gonzalez-Rojas">Jessica González-Rojas</a> saw the devastation firsthand when she toured her constituent neighborhoods of Corona, East Elmhurst, Jackson Heights, and Woodside in Queens. Family after family, mostly low-income immigrants, told her they’d lost almost all of their possessions in the storm. But as González-Rojas encouraged residents to seek help from the Federal Emergency Management Agency, or FEMA, she learned that those who were undocumented were ineligible for aid.</p> <p>Other elected officials, including <a href="https://www.thecity.nyc/2021/9/26/22695449/ida-aid-coming-for-undocumented-immigrants">state representative Catalina Cruz</a> and <a href="https://bronx.news12.com/city-officials-work-to-help-those-who-lost-homes-to-hurricane-ida">city council member Darma Diaz</a>, discovered the same thing. Cruz’s office fielded dozens of phone calls from undocumented immigrants struggling to recover from the flooding, with no place to turn for help. As pressure mounted, Governor Kathy Hochul and Mayor Bill de Blasio announced a <a href="https://www.dfs.ny.gov/reports_and_publications/press_releases/pr202109271">$27 million fund</a> to help undocumented survivors of Ida in the city — the first initiative of its kind in the country. The fund will provide up to $72,000 to about 1,200 households with undocumented members to pay for things like repairing homes and replacing essential items.  </p> <div class="wp-block-article-donation" id="wp-block-article-donation" > <div class="article-donation-close"> <button class="close-button " aria-label="Close menu"> <svg class="close-button__icon"> <use xlink:href="#close"></use> </svg> </button> </div> <form target="_blank" method="get" action="https://donate.grist.org/memberform?campaign=701Ur00000Erim2&utm_campaign=fy25-winter-appeal&utm_source=wordpress&utm_medium=site&utm_content=inline-article" class="article-donation-form"> <div class="article-donation-text"> Reader support makes our work possible. Donate today to keep our site free. All donations DOUBLED! </div> <ul class="article-installment-period"> <li class="donation_amount_items "> <label data-default="" for="installment_period_onetime"><span>One Time</span></label> <input id="installment_period_onetime" type="radio" name="installmentPeriod" value="once"></li> <li class="donation_amount_items default-selected"> <label data-default="" for="installment_period_monthly"><span>Monthly</span></label> <input id="installment_period_monthly" checked="true" type="radio" name="installmentPeriod" value="monthly"></li> </ul> <ul class="article-donation-amount " id="article-donation-amount-onetime" style="display:none"> <li class="donation_amount_items "> <label for="donation_ammount_onetime_120"><span>$120</span></label> <input campignID="701Ur00000Erim2" id="donation_ammount_onetime_120" type="radio" name="amount" value="120"> </li> <li class="donation_amount_items default-selected"> <label for="donation_ammount_onetime_180"><span>$180</span></label> <input campignID="701Ur00000Erim2" id="donation_ammount_onetime_180" type="radio" name="amount" value="180"> </li> <li class="donation_amount_items "> <label for="donation_ammount_onetime_Other"><span>Other</span></label> <input campignID="701Ur00000Erim2" id="donation_ammount_onetime_Other" type="radio" name="amount" value="Other"> </li> <li class="donation_amount_items donation_amount_items_submit" > <div class="article-donation-submit"> <button class="button-secondary" type="submit" value="Donate">Donate</button> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class="article-donation-amount active-donation" id="article-donation-amount-monthly" style=""> <li class="donation_amount_items "> <label for="donation_ammount_monthly_10"><span>$10</span></label> <input campignID="701Ur00000Erim2" id="donation_ammount_monthly_10" type="radio" name="amount" value="10"> </li> <li class="donation_amount_items default-selected"> <label for="donation_ammount_monthly_15"><span>$15</span></label> <input campignID="701Ur00000Erim2" checked="true" id="donation_ammount_monthly_15" type="radio" name="amount" value="15"> </li> <li class="donation_amount_items "> <label for="donation_ammount_monthly_Other"><span>Other</span></label> <input campignID="701Ur00000Erim2" id="donation_ammount_monthly_Other" type="radio" name="amount" value="Other"> </li> <li class="donation_amount_items donation_amount_items_submit" > <div class="article-donation-submit"> <button class="button-secondary" type="submit" value="Donate">Donate</button> </div> </li> </ul> <input type="hidden" id="campaign-id" name="campaign" value="701Ur00000Erim2"> <input type="hidden" name="utm_campaign" value="fy25-winter-appeal"> <input type="hidden" name="utm_source" value="wordpress"> <input type="hidden" name="utm_medium" value="site"> <input type="hidden" name="utm_content" value="inline-article"> </form> </div> <p>“We have been fighting for this kind of disaster relief in our communities,” said<a href="https://causenow.org/content/lucas-zucker"> Lucas Zucker</a>, policy and communications director at the Central Coast Alliance United for a Sustainable Economy, or CAUSE, in California. “The fact that New York is taking this step is historic.” </p> <figure class="wp-block-ups-image aligncenter"><div class="wp-block-ups-image-inner"><img decoding="async" src="https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1235110491_resized.jpg" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" srcset="https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1235110491_resized.jpg?w=1200 1200w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1235110491_resized.jpg?w=330 330w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1235110491_resized.jpg?w=1024 768w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1235110491_resized.jpg?w=1200 1200w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1235110491_resized.jpg?w=1536 1536w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1235110491_resized.jpg?w=160&h=90&crop=1 160w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-1235110491_resized.jpg 1024w" alt="New York Governor Kathy Hochul is standing in he middle of a street in Queens, talking through. microphone and accompanied by New York City's mayor Bill de Blasio and her team" data-caption="New York Governor Kathy Hochul speaks during a tour of neighborhoods affected by Hurricane Ida in Queens on September 7. " data-credit="Mandel Ngan / AFP via Getty Images"/><figcaption>New York Governor Kathy Hochul speaks during a tour of neighborhoods affected by Hurricane Ida in Queens on September 7. <cite>Mandel Ngan / AFP via Getty Images</cite></figcaption></div></figure> <p>Despite the growing impacts of climate-related disasters from coast to coast, the New York program is the first time a state or the federal government has invested in supporting undocumented immigrants after a disaster. This reality has left millions of people across the U.S. in a state of “hyper-marginalization,” explains <a href="http://www.michaelanthonymendez.com/about-michael-a.html">Michael Méndez</a>, an environmental justice and public health researcher at the University of California, Irvine. “The ways that we have set up our disaster infrastructure — at the federal, state, and local levels — are rendering invisible undocumented migrants because of cultural and racial norms of who is considered a worthy disaster victim.” </p><div class="wp-block-ups-ad-wrapper"><div class="wp-block-ups-ad is-sponsored"> <figure class="wp-block-ups-ad__placement is-empty"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1607548380621-0" style="max-width: 970px"></div> <figcaption class="ad-sponsor-note"><p>Grist thanks its sponsors. <a href="https://grist.org/advertising/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Become one</a>.</p> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div><div class="ad-rail__ad-placeholder"><div id="grist_adblock_modal" class="grist-modal-ad-blocker"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-content__logo"> <svg width="200" height="200" viewBox="0 0 100 103" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M85.4809 64V88.3C79.6809 91.9 73.1809 94 67.6809 94C40.2809 94 15.6809 64.1 15.6809 33C15.6809 18.4 25.2809 6.9 41.9809 6.9C52.4809 6.9 72.8809 13.6 87.9809 29.8C88.4397 30.38 89.0149 30.8576 89.6693 31.2021C90.3238 31.5465 91.043 31.7502 91.7809 31.8C93.7809 31.8 94.9809 30.5 94.9809 28.2V2H91.2809V3C91.2809 6.6 89.1809 7.6 83.9809 6C73.5436 2.50408 62.5866 0.813193 51.5809 1C18.6809 1 0.580933 26.8 0.580933 52C0.580933 80.8 22.4809 103 51.5809 103C63.7289 102.914 75.5592 99.11 85.4809 92.1V102H99.9809V50H46.9809V64H85.4809Z" fill="white"/> </svg> </div> <p class="modal-content__message">To support our nonprofit environmental journalism, please consider <a href="https://grist.org/how-to-whitelist-grist" target="_blank">disabling your ad-blocker</a> to allow ads on Grist. <a class="modal-content__link" target="_blank" href="https://grist.org/how-to-whitelist-grist"><span class="modal-content__link-text">Here's How</span><span class="icon-right-1"></span></a></p> </div> </div></div> <p>An estimated 10 million people live in the U.S. without legal authorization, according to the <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/06/12/us-unauthorized-immigrant-population-2017/">Pew Research Center</a>. Most of them — around 61 percent — are concentrated in fewer than 20 metro areas located in some of the most vulnerable states to climate change, places like New York City, Miami, and Houston. <a href="https://www.nap.edu/read/25381/chapter/2#2">Research has found</a> that low-income, racial, and ethnic minorities, as well as the elderly, renters, non-native English speakers, and those with mobility challenges, are disproportionately affected by flooding. The legacy of racist urban planning practices like <a href="https://www.redfin.com/news/redlining-flood-risk/">redlining also relegated </a>Black, Latino, and other racial and ethnic minorities to flooding-prone neighborhoods in some major metro areas. </p> <p>In the best-case scenarios, local authorities are jumping through hoops trying to help undocumented immigrants access federal aid only authorized for U.S. citizens or those with immigration papers, said <a href="https://www.houstonimmigration.org/about-us/staff/">Katy Atkiss</a>, disaster equity manager at Houston Immigration Legal Services Collaborative, or HILSC. In the worst, they’re simply doing nothing.</p> <p>“One of the biggest barriers to climate resilience in our society is that millions of people in this country are almost completely excluded from the safety net due to their immigration status,” Zucker said. </p> <p>Typically, after a disaster strikes, the federal government sets up a network of programs to support survivors: Homeowners who don’t have insurance or are underinsured can ask FEMA for funds to repair their houses. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, or HUD, <a href="https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/comm_planning/cdbg-dr">provides</a> federally-backed insurance and loans to cities, counties, and states to meet recovery needs in low-income communities. Families can apply for <a href="https://www.disasterassistance.gov/get-assistance/forms-of-assistance/5769">supplemental, short-term food stamps</a>, as well as <a href="https://www.benefits.gov/benefit/597">disaster unemployment assistance</a> for up to 26 weeks. States can also tunnel federal funds from other programs to support survivors. </p><div class="wp-block-ups-ad-wrapper"><div class="wp-block-ups-ad is-sponsored"> <figure class="wp-block-ups-ad__placement is-empty"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1607548453163-0" style="max-width: 970px"></div> <figcaption class="ad-sponsor-note"><p>Grist thanks its sponsors. <a href="https://grist.org/advertising/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Become one</a>.</p> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div><div class="ad-rail__ad-placeholder"><div id="grist_adblock_modal" class="grist-modal-ad-blocker"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-content__logo"> <svg width="200" height="200" viewBox="0 0 100 103" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M85.4809 64V88.3C79.6809 91.9 73.1809 94 67.6809 94C40.2809 94 15.6809 64.1 15.6809 33C15.6809 18.4 25.2809 6.9 41.9809 6.9C52.4809 6.9 72.8809 13.6 87.9809 29.8C88.4397 30.38 89.0149 30.8576 89.6693 31.2021C90.3238 31.5465 91.043 31.7502 91.7809 31.8C93.7809 31.8 94.9809 30.5 94.9809 28.2V2H91.2809V3C91.2809 6.6 89.1809 7.6 83.9809 6C73.5436 2.50408 62.5866 0.813193 51.5809 1C18.6809 1 0.580933 26.8 0.580933 52C0.580933 80.8 22.4809 103 51.5809 103C63.7289 102.914 75.5592 99.11 85.4809 92.1V102H99.9809V50H46.9809V64H85.4809Z" fill="white"/> </svg> </div> <p class="modal-content__message">To support our nonprofit environmental journalism, please consider <a href="https://grist.org/how-to-whitelist-grist" target="_blank">disabling your ad-blocker</a> to allow ads on Grist. <a class="modal-content__link" target="_blank" href="https://grist.org/how-to-whitelist-grist"><span class="modal-content__link-text">Here's How</span><span class="icon-right-1"></span></a></p> </div> </div></div> <p>In theory, families with undocumented residents that have one or more U.S. citizens can apply for federal help. But many in this position are wary of asking for aid. FEMA is under the Department of Homeland Security, and its forms state that other Homeland Security agencies — including Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or ICE, in charge of deportations — could access the information, explained Mendez. Additionally, if the undocumented members eventually become eligible for citizenship, receiving federal funds while undocumented can play against them during their application. As a result, Mendez said, they avoid applying for disaster aid.</p> <p>Unauthorized immigrants often find themselves particularly vulnerable even before disaster strikes. </p> <p>During the Thomas Fire, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7413658/#b0395">Mendez found</a>, immigrants from different Mixtec Indigenous communities living in Southern California were unable to read the English and Spanish evacuation orders and recommendations. </p> <p>In some cases, their migratory status keeps people away from shelters out of fear of being asked for ID, said <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/cesarespinosa">Cesar Espinoza</a>, executive director at FIEL, a grassroots group working in the greater Houston area. Espinoza recalls that when Hurricane Harvey hit Texas in 2017, Department of Homeland Security trucks were parked outside of the largest shelter in Houston to help secure the building. Many undocumented immigrants didn’t go because they were afraid of being asked for their papers. “They wondered, ‘Are we going to be safe there?’” he said.  “So a lot of people were in eight, nine feet of water” during the disaster.</p> <div class="wp-block-columns alignfull is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:100%"> <figure class="wp-block-ups-image alignfull js-breaks-column"><div class="wp-block-ups-image-inner"><img decoding="async" src="https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-841930152_resized.jpg" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" srcset="https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-841930152_resized.jpg?w=1200 1200w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-841930152_resized.jpg?w=330 330w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-841930152_resized.jpg?w=1024 768w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-841930152_resized.jpg?w=1200 1200w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-841930152_resized.jpg?w=1536 1536w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-841930152_resized.jpg?w=160&h=90&crop=1 160w, https://grist.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GettyImages-841930152_resized.jpg 1024w" alt="A woman with dark hair, wearing blue short and a black t-shirt, mops up floodwater in her bedroom in Houston, Texas following Hurricane Harvey in September 2017." data-caption="A woman mops up floodwater in her bedroom in Houston, Texas following Hurricane Harvey in September 2017. " data-credit="Joe Raedle / Getty Images"/><figcaption>A woman mops up floodwater in her bedroom in Houston, Texas following Hurricane Harvey in September 2017. <cite>Joe Raedle / Getty Images</cite></figcaption></div></figure> </div> </div> <p>The unavailability of federal funds has left many nonprofits as the only sources of assistance for unauthorized immigrants in the wake of natural disasters. But these too are often hard for the undocumented community to access. In the aftermath of Harvey, many undocumented people in Texas not only lost their homes, they lost their cars and work-related tools as well, particularly those who worked in construction, Espinoza said. When they reached out to non-governmental organizations for help — those that didn’t exclude unauthorized residents from their funds — the fact that they couldn’t prove their identity, didn’t have proof of income, or didn’t have a bank account for the electronic transfer left them ineligible for support. So FIEL raised $300,000 that they distributed hand-to-hand in the community.</p> <p>In California, these organizations have struggled to deploy the infrastructure needed to assist so many people after fires, said Zucker. After the Sonoma Complex Fire scorched 87,000 acres of Sonoma County in 2017, the grassroots organization <a href="https://www.sonomacf.org/sonoma-county-resilience-fund/">Community Foundation Sonoma County</a> launched the first private disaster relief fund in the United States specifically for undocumented migrants. Others followed: After the Thomas Fire, the <a href="https://vccf.org/805-undocufund/">Ventura County Community Foundation</a> raised $2 million to assist more than 1,400 families who were impacted by both the fire and the mudslides that followed.</p> <p>Yet it soon became obvious that the needs exceeded the organizations’ capabilities.“Our waiting list was over 1000 families long for months and months and months. People were lining up out the doors early in the morning. Our cellphones were just ringing off the hook. It took us over a year to get the relief for a lot of those families,” Zucker said. “As proud as I am of everything we’ve done, it does not make up for the lack of support and policy.”</p> <p>Things remained pretty much the same until last year when COVID-19 hit. Low-income people — with or without documents — were disproportionately suffering from the virus. “[The pandemic] really accelerated our learning and evolved how we’re dealing with disaster preparedness, response, and recovery,” Atkiss, of the Houston Immigration Legal Services Collaborative, said. </p> <p>In early 2020, <a href="https://www.cdss.ca.gov/inforesources/immigration/covid-19-drai">California</a>, Oregon, and several cities and counties, including <a href="https://access.nyc.gov/programs/excluded-workers-fund/">New York City</a> and <a href="https://www.greaterhoustonrecovery.org/">Harris County, Texas, </a>launched funds for those who lost their jobs because of the pandemic, including undocumented immigrants. But it was Washington’s $40 million in COVID-19 relief funds that changed the game, Atkiss said. Besides state dollars, <a href="https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/governor-creates-40-million-relief-fund-for-undocumented-immigrants/">Washington </a>used money from the federal Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, or the CARES Act. The state took advantage of a loophole in 1996 welfare reform, which limits cash help to authorized immigrants — except for one-time emergency disaster relief. Washington leaders argued that since COVID-19 is an emergency, they were allowed to give undocumented immigrants a one-time disaster relief payment, explained Atkiss.</p> <p>“Other places have used that loophole but not been so brazen about it for fear of lawsuits,” she said. “And as far as I know, Washington was not sued.” Now, she and other advocate groups in Texas are working to convince Harris County leaders to use the same legal argument to extend the eligibility of one of the county’s COVID-19 relief funds, which also uses federal dollars. A similar push is taking place <a href="https://www.thegazette.com/local-government/iowa-city-plans-to-use-portion-of-arpa-funds-to-help-undocumented-immigrants/?amp=1">in Iowa.</a></p> <p>Advocates believe the “one-time emergency” framework used during the pandemic opens the door for exploring similar strategies for natural disaster aid. </p> <p>“Whether it’s a fire, whether it’s COVID, whatever kind of crisis comes, when you’re excluded from the safety net, you have nothing to put a roof over your kid’s head and food on the plate,” Zucker said. “That is a truly horrific and immoral thing.”</p> <p>*<em>Correction: An earlier version of this article misstated the university that Michael Mendez works at.</em></p> <p></p> <div id="wisepops-above-hr-separator" ></div> <hr class="wp-block-separator" /> </div> <div class="ad-article-footer ad-article-footer-appeal"> <div class="membership-ad js-membership-ad"> <div class="membership-ad__subtitle"><p>A message from   <svg class="site-logo__logo" viewBox="0 0 305 103"> <path fill="currentColor" d="M137 98.5C133 98.5 132 97.5 132 92.5V50.2C133.579 49.0591 135.454 48.3993 137.4 48.3C140.5 48.3 143.2 49.6 147.5 54.7C148.8 56.3 150 57 151.3 57C153.3 57 154.5 55.7 154.5 53.4V38H151.5C147.812 37.9397 144.155 38.6872 140.786 40.1901C137.418 41.6931 134.419 43.915 132 46.7V38H108V41.5H112C116 41.5 117 42.5 117 47.5V92.5C117 97.5 116 98.5 112 98.5H108V102H145V98.5H137ZM158.5 41.5H161.2C165.2 41.5 166.2 42.5 166.2 47.5V92.5C166.2 97.5 165.2 98.5 161.2 98.5H156.8V102H189.9V98.5H186.2C182.2 98.5 181.2 97.5 181.2 92.5V38H158.5V41.5ZM195.4 102H199.1V101C199.1 98.7 200.8 98.8 202.8 99.5C210.5 102.2 214.4 103 220.5 103C236.8 103 244.5 95.4 244.5 82.7C244.5 74.2 239.6 66.7 227.3 63.1L211.2 58.4C203.5 56.1 201.2 53 201.2 49.7C201.2 46.4 204.2 43.4 209.1 43.4C216.6 43.4 223.8 48 234.3 56.3C235.151 57.0952 236.241 57.5873 237.4 57.7C239.4 57.7 240.6 56.4 240.6 54.1V38H236.9V39C236.9 40.7 235.8 41.5 233.7 40.7C226.3 37.9 221.8 37 217.6 37C203.1 37 196 45.2 196 56.9C196 65.3 201.8 72.4 215.2 76.5L229.6 80.9C236.8 83.1 239.3 86 239.3 89.9C239.3 93.8 236 96.6 231.1 96.6C224.3 96.6 215.3 93.2 202.1 83C201.131 82.094 199.911 81.5015 198.6 81.3C196.6 81.3 195.4 82.6 195.4 84.9V102ZM257.8 83.9C257.8 96.3 265.1 103 278.7 103C285.1 103 294.8 101.2 302.3 98.7V87C302.3 84.7 301.1 83.4 299.1 83.4C297.9 83.4 296.8 84.1 295.6 85.9C288.4 96.7 282.8 99.6 278.2 99.6C274.2 99.6 272.8 97.8 272.8 92.7V49.5H304.7V38H272.8V14H269.1V14.7C269.1 29 260.3 40.4 247.8 42.8V49.5H257.8V83.9ZM166.2 30H181.2V12.5H166.2V30ZM84.9 64V88.3C79.1 91.9 72.6 94 67.1 94C39.7 94 15.1 64.1 15.1 33C15.1 18.4 24.7 6.9 41.4 6.9C51.9 6.9 72.3 13.6 87.4 29.8C87.8588 30.38 88.4339 30.8576 89.0884 31.2021C89.7428 31.5465 90.4621 31.7502 91.2 31.8C93.2 31.8 94.4 30.5 94.4 28.2V2H90.7V3C90.7 6.6 88.6 7.6 83.4 6C72.9626 2.50408 62.0057 0.813193 51 1C18.1 1 0 26.8 0 52C0 80.8 21.9 103 51 103C63.148 102.914 74.9783 99.11 84.9 92.1V102H99.4V50H46.4V64H84.9Z"></path> </svg></p> </div> <h4 class="membership-ad__title">All donations matched for a limited time!</h4> <div class="membership-ad__desc"> <p>Grist is the only award-winning newsroom focused on exploring equitable solutions to climate change. 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