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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Historical_definition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_definition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Historical definition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_definition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Instantaneous_speed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Instantaneous_speed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Instantaneous speed</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Instantaneous_speed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Average_speed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Average_speed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Average speed</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Average_speed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Difference_between_speed_and_velocity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Difference_between_speed_and_velocity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Difference between speed and velocity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Difference_between_speed_and_velocity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tangential_speed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tangential_speed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Tangential speed</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tangential_speed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Units" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Units"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Units</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Units-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples_of_different_speeds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples_of_different_speeds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Examples of different speeds</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Examples_of_different_speeds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Psychology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Psychology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Psychology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Psychology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Speed</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 84 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-84" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">84 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spoed" title="Spoed – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Spoed" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%A5%E1%8B%B5%E1%8D%88%E1%89%B5" title="ጥድፈት – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጥድፈት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%A9" title="سرعة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سرعة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="দ্ৰুতি – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="দ্ৰুতি" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapidez" title="Rapidez – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Rapidez" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCr%C9%99t" title="Sürət – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sürət" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A6%DB%8C%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="یئیینلیک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یئیینلیک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="দ্রুতি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দ্রুতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sok-le%CC%8Dk" title="Sok-le̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sok-le̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rikas" title="Rikas – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Rikas" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tizh" title="Tizh – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Tizh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeritat" title="Celeritat – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Celeritat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spidhi" title="Spidhi – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Spidhi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buanedd" title="Buanedd – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Buanedd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fart" title="Fart – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fart" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A9" title="زربة – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="زربة" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeridad" title="Celeridad – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Celeridad" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapido" title="Rapido – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rapido" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiadura-modulu" title="Abiadura-modulu – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Abiadura-modulu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%AA" title="سرعت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سرعت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitesse" title="Vitesse – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vitesse" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luas_(fisic)" title="Luas (fisic) – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Luas (fisic)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bieauid" title="Bieauid – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Bieauid" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeridade" title="Celeridade – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Celeridade" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8D%EB%A0%A5" title="속력 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="속력" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="चाल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चाल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapideso" title="Rapideso – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Rapideso" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelajuan" title="Kelajuan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kelajuan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapiditate" title="Rapiditate – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Rapiditate" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isantya" title="Isantya – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Isantya" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fer%C3%B0" title="Ferð – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ferð" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91%C9%A9%C9%A3y%CA%8B%CA%8B_taa_se%C9%A3a" title="Ñɩɣyʋʋ taa seɣa – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ñɩɣyʋʋ taa seɣa" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B4%D1%8B%D2%9B" title="Орташа жылдамдық – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Орташа жылдамдық" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooth" title="Tooth – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Tooth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasi" title="Kasi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kasi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed" title="Speed – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Speed" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celeritas" title="Celeritas – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Celeritas" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kust%C4%ABbas_%C4%81trums" title="Kustības ātrums – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kustības ātrums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greitis" title="Greitis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Greitis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapidia" title="Rapidia – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Rapidia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82" title="വേഗം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വേഗം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_(%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80)" title="चाल (भौतिकी) – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="चाल (भौतिकी)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelajuan" title="Kelajuan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kelajuan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B3k-l%C5%ADk" title="Sók-lŭk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Sók-lŭk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B6%D1%8D%D1%8D" title="Хурдны хэмжээ – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хурдны хэмжээ" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AF%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="အမြန်နှုန်း – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အမြန်နှုန်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totolo" title="Totolo – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Totolo" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grootte_van_de_snelheid" title="Grootte van de snelheid – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Grootte van de snelheid" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%97" title="वेग – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="वेग" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="गति – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="गति" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%80%9F%E3%81%95" title="速さ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="速さ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fart" title="Fart – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fart" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fart" title="Fart – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fart" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saffisa" title="Saffisa – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Saffisa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80" title="ਗਤੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗਤੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szybko%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Szybkość – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szybkość" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapidez" title="Rapidez – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rapidez" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tezlik" title="Tezlik – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Tezlik" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitez%C4%83_liniar%C4%83" title="Viteză liniară – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Viteză liniară" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lestresa" title="Lestresa – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Lestresa" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shpejt%C3%ABsia" title="Shpejtësia – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shpejtësia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilucitati" title="Vilucitati – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Vilucitati" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BA" title="වේගය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="වේගය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed" title="Speed – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Speed" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="رفتار – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="رفتار" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xawaare" title="Xawaare – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Xawaare" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%DB%8E%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="خێرایی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="خێرایی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnituda_brzine_kretanja" title="Magnituda brzine kretanja – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Magnituda brzine kretanja" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laju" title="Laju – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Laju" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fart" title="Fart – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fart" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilis" title="Bilis – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bilis" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="வேகம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வேகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%A7" title="อัตราเร็ว – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อัตราเร็ว" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCrat" title="Sürat – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sürat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cung" title="Cung – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Cung" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Середня скалярна швидкість – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Середня скалярна швидкість" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="رفتار – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رفتار" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%91c_%C4%91%E1%BB%99" title="Tốc độ – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tốc độ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kib%C3%B5hus" title="Kibõhus – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kibõhus" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalaksi" title="Kalaksi – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kalaksi" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%80%9F%E7%8E%87" title="速率 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="速率" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%80%9F%E7%8E%87" title="速率 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="速率" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veikis" title="Veikis – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Veikis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%80%9F%E7%8E%87" title="速率 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="速率" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3711325#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Speed%22">"Speed"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Speed%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Speed%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Speed%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Speed%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Speed%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Speed</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Motorcyclist_in_Midtown_Manhattan-L1002704.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Motorcyclist_in_Midtown_Manhattan-L1002704.jpg/250px-Motorcyclist_in_Midtown_Manhattan-L1002704.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Motorcyclist_in_Midtown_Manhattan-L1002704.jpg/375px-Motorcyclist_in_Midtown_Manhattan-L1002704.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Motorcyclist_in_Midtown_Manhattan-L1002704.jpg/500px-Motorcyclist_in_Midtown_Manhattan-L1002704.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9085" data-file-height="6034" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Speed can be thought of as the rate at which an object covers distance. A fast-moving object has a high speed and covers a relatively large distance in a given amount of time, while a slow-moving object covers a relatively small amount of distance in the same amount of time.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Common symbols</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>v</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/SI_unit" class="mw-redirect" title="SI unit">SI unit</a></th><td class="infobox-data">m/s, m s<sup>−1</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dimensional_analysis#Formulation" title="Dimensional analysis">Dimension</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><b>L</b> <b>T</b><sup>−1</sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Kinematics" title="Kinematics">kinematics</a>, the <b>speed</b> (commonly referred to as <i><b>v</b></i>) of an object is the <a href="/wiki/Magnitude_(mathematics)" title="Magnitude (mathematics)">magnitude</a> of the change of its <a href="/wiki/Position_(vector)" class="mw-redirect" title="Position (vector)">position</a> over time or the magnitude of the change of its position per unit of time; it is thus a non-negative <a href="/wiki/Scalar_(physics)" title="Scalar (physics)">scalar</a> quantity.<sup id="cite_ref-HSM2023_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HSM2023-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <b>average speed</b> of an object in an interval of time is the <a href="/wiki/Distance" title="Distance">distance</a> travelled by the object divided by the <a href="/wiki/Time_in_physics" title="Time in physics">duration</a> of the interval;<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <b>instantaneous speed</b> is the <a href="/wiki/Limit_(mathematics)" title="Limit (mathematics)">limit</a> of the average speed as the duration of the time interval approaches zero. Speed is the magnitude of <a href="#Difference_between_speed_and_velocity"><i>velocity</i></a> (a vector), which indicates additionally the direction of motion. </p><p>Speed has the <a href="/wiki/Dimensional_analysis" title="Dimensional analysis">dimensions</a> of distance divided by time. The <a href="/wiki/International_System_of_Units" title="International System of Units">SI unit</a> of speed is the <a href="/wiki/Metre_per_second" title="Metre per second">metre per second</a> (m/s), but the most common unit of speed in everyday usage is the <a href="/wiki/Kilometre_per_hour" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilometre per hour">kilometre per hour</a> (km/h) or, in the US and the UK, <a href="/wiki/Miles_per_hour" title="Miles per hour">miles per hour</a> (mph). For air and marine travel, the <a href="/wiki/Knot_(unit)" title="Knot (unit)">knot</a> is commonly used. </p><p>The fastest possible speed at which energy or information can travel, according to <a href="/wiki/Special_relativity" title="Special relativity">special relativity</a>, is the <a href="/wiki/Speed_of_light" title="Speed of light">speed of light</a> in vacuum <i>c</i> = <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7008299792458000000♠"></span>299<span style="margin-left:.25em;">792</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">458</span></span> metres per second (approximately <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7008299722222222222♠"></span>1<span style="margin-left:.25em;">079</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span> km/h</span> or <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7008299963840000000♠"></span>671<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span> mph</span>). <a href="/wiki/Matter" title="Matter">Matter</a> cannot quite reach the speed of light, as this would require an infinite amount of energy. In relativity physics, the concept of <a href="/wiki/Rapidity" title="Rapidity">rapidity</a> replaces the classical idea of speed. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_definition">Historical definition</h3></div> <p>Italian physicist <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galilei</a> is usually credited with being the first to measure speed by considering the distance covered and the time it takes. Galileo defined speed as the distance covered per unit of time.<sup id="cite_ref-Hewitt_2006,_p._42_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hewitt_2006,_p._42-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In equation form, that is <span class="mwe-math-element" id="main_formula" data-qid="Q3711325"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:MathWikibase&qid=Q3711325" style="color:inherit;"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-display mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math display="block" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v={\frac {d}{t}},}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>v</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v={\frac {d}{t}},}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/205e830b5cf145d75255f4dbc213f82bfbf35308" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-display mw-invert skin-invert" id="main_formula" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:6.925ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v={\frac {d}{t}},}"></a></span> where <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>v</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e07b00e7fc0847fbd16391c778d65bc25c452597" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.128ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v}"></span> is speed, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle d}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>d</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle d}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e85ff03cbe0c7341af6b982e47e9f90d235c66ab" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.216ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle d}"></span> is distance, and <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle t}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>t</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle t}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/65658b7b223af9e1acc877d848888ecdb4466560" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.84ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle t}"></span> is time. A cyclist who covers 30 metres in a time of 2 seconds, for example, has a speed of 15 metres per second. Objects in motion often have variations in speed (a car might travel along a street at 50 km/h, slow to 0 km/h, and then reach 30 km/h). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Instantaneous_speed">Instantaneous speed</h3></div> <p>Speed at some instant, or assumed constant during a <a href="/wiki/Infinitesimal" title="Infinitesimal">very short</a> period of time, is called <i>instantaneous speed</i>. By looking at a <a href="/wiki/Speedometer" title="Speedometer">speedometer</a>, one can read the instantaneous speed of a car at any instant.<sup id="cite_ref-Hewitt_2006,_p._42_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hewitt_2006,_p._42-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A car travelling at 50 km/h generally goes for less than one hour at a constant speed, but if it did go at that speed for a full hour, it would travel 50 km. If the vehicle continued at that speed for half an hour, it would cover half that distance (25 km). If it continued for only one minute, it would cover about 833 m. </p><p>In mathematical terms, the instantaneous speed <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>v</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e07b00e7fc0847fbd16391c778d65bc25c452597" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.128ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v}"></span> is defined as the magnitude of the instantaneous <a href="/wiki/Velocity" title="Velocity">velocity</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {v}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">v</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {v}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9b2c2d3aac4213f3996d828c6aa8f4eb464a05cc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.318ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {v}}}"></span>, that is, the <a href="/wiki/Derivative" title="Derivative">derivative</a> of the position <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {r}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">r</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {r}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e6a5e169814762d75ef0dd3a3d0bc99b4a5a06e0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.23ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {r}}}"></span> with respect to <a href="/wiki/Time" title="Time">time</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-display mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math display="block" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v=\left|{\boldsymbol {v}}\right|=\left|{\dot {\boldsymbol {r}}}\right|=\left|{\frac {d{\boldsymbol {r}}}{dt}}\right|\,.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>v</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">v</mi> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">r</mi> <mo>˙</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>|</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">r</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>|</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v=\left|{\boldsymbol {v}}\right|=\left|{\dot {\boldsymbol {r}}}\right|=\left|{\frac {d{\boldsymbol {r}}}{dt}}\right|\,.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c3d30c30de480a28669742a2fd1318fe54bbc2aa" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-display mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:21.67ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v=\left|{\boldsymbol {v}}\right|=\left|{\dot {\boldsymbol {r}}}\right|=\left|{\frac {d{\boldsymbol {r}}}{dt}}\right|\,.}"></span> </p><p>If <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle s}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>s</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle s}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/01d131dfd7673938b947072a13a9744fe997e632" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.09ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle s}"></span> is the length of the path (also known as the distance) travelled until time <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle t}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>t</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle t}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/65658b7b223af9e1acc877d848888ecdb4466560" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.84ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle t}"></span>, the speed equals the time derivative of <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle s}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>s</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle s}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/01d131dfd7673938b947072a13a9744fe997e632" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.09ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle s}"></span>:<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-display mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math display="block" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v={\frac {ds}{dt}}.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>v</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v={\frac {ds}{dt}}.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6f22a6ada5b3f3d8a9450c9b85fd2d85adf0be76" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-display mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:8.015ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v={\frac {ds}{dt}}.}"></span> </p><p>In the special case where the velocity is constant (that is, constant speed in a straight line), this can be simplified to <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v=s/t}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>v</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>s</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>t</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v=s/t}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c9873e85bb5ee76530f1468777977ec27bcdc670" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:7.319ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v=s/t}"></span>. The average speed over a finite time interval is the total distance travelled divided by the time duration. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Average_speed">Average speed</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20230703_Average_speed_of_bowling_ball_versus_travel_time.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/20230703_Average_speed_of_bowling_ball_versus_travel_time.svg/220px-20230703_Average_speed_of_bowling_ball_versus_travel_time.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/20230703_Average_speed_of_bowling_ball_versus_travel_time.svg/330px-20230703_Average_speed_of_bowling_ball_versus_travel_time.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/20230703_Average_speed_of_bowling_ball_versus_travel_time.svg/440px-20230703_Average_speed_of_bowling_ball_versus_travel_time.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>As an example, a bowling ball's speed when first released will be above its average speed, and after decelerating because of friction, its speed when reaching the pins will be below its average speed.</figcaption></figure> <p>Different from instantaneous speed, <i>average speed</i> is defined as the total distance covered divided by the time interval. For example, if a distance of 80 kilometres is driven in 1 hour, the average speed is 80 kilometres per hour. Likewise, if 320 kilometres are travelled in 4 hours, the average speed is also 80 kilometres per hour. When a distance in kilometres (km) is divided by a time in hours (h), the result is in kilometres per hour (km/h). </p><p>Average speed does not describe the speed variations that may have taken place during shorter time intervals (as it is the entire distance covered divided by the total time of travel), and so average speed is often quite different from a value of instantaneous speed.<sup id="cite_ref-Hewitt_2006,_p._42_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hewitt_2006,_p._42-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If the average speed and the time of travel are known, the distance travelled can be calculated by rearranging the definition to <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-display mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math display="block" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle d={\boldsymbol {\bar {v}}}t\,.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>d</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi mathvariant="bold-italic">v</mi> <mo mathvariant="bold" stretchy="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle d={\boldsymbol {\bar {v}}}t\,.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e30a894ed8e8b0e38a9c99e55a152a42deb5f47d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-display mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:7.599ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle d={\boldsymbol {\bar {v}}}t\,.}"></span> </p><p>Using this equation for an average speed of 80 kilometres per hour on a 4-hour trip, the distance covered is found to be 320 kilometres. </p><p>Expressed in graphical language, the <a href="/wiki/Slope" title="Slope">slope</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Tangent_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Tangent line">tangent line</a> at any point of a distance-time graph is the instantaneous speed at this point, while the slope of a <a href="/wiki/Chord_(geometry)" title="Chord (geometry)">chord line</a> of the same graph is the average speed during the time interval covered by the chord. Average speed of an object is Vav = s÷t </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Difference_between_speed_and_velocity">Difference between speed and velocity</h3></div> <p>Speed denotes only how fast an object is moving, whereas <a href="/wiki/Velocity" title="Velocity">velocity</a> describes both how fast and in which direction the object is moving.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If a car is said to travel at 60 km/h, its <i>speed</i> has been specified. However, if the car is said to move at 60 km/h to the north, its <i>velocity</i> has now been specified. </p><p>The big difference can be discerned when considering movement around a <a href="/wiki/Circle" title="Circle">circle</a>. When something moves in a circular path and returns to its starting point, its average <i>velocity</i> is zero, but its average <i>speed</i> is found by dividing the <a href="/wiki/Circumference" title="Circumference">circumference</a> of the circle by the time taken to move around the circle. This is because the average <i>velocity</i> is calculated by considering only the <a href="/wiki/Displacement_(vector)" class="mw-redirect" title="Displacement (vector)">displacement</a> between the starting and end points, whereas the average <i>speed</i> considers only the total <a href="/wiki/Distance" title="Distance">distance</a> travelled. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tangential_speed">Tangential speed</h3></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Tangential_speed" title="Tangential speed">Tangential speed</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tangential_speed&action=edit">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Angular-and-tangential-speed.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Angular-and-tangential-speed.svg/330px-Angular-and-tangential-speed.svg.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Angular-and-tangential-speed.svg/495px-Angular-and-tangential-speed.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Angular-and-tangential-speed.svg/660px-Angular-and-tangential-speed.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="124" data-file-height="124" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Angular_speed" class="mw-redirect" title="Angular speed">Angular speed</a> and tangential speed on a disc</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Tangential_speed" title="Tangential speed">Tangential speed</a> is the speed of an object undergoing <a href="/wiki/Circular_motion" title="Circular motion">circular motion</a>, i.e., moving along a <a href="/wiki/Circular_path" class="mw-redirect" title="Circular path">circular path</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Tangential_speed_Hewitt_2007,_p._131_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tangential_speed_Hewitt_2007,_p._131-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A point on the outside edge of a <a href="/wiki/Merry-go-round" class="mw-redirect" title="Merry-go-round">merry-go-round</a> or <a href="/wiki/Turntable" class="mw-redirect" title="Turntable">turntable</a> travels a greater distance in one complete <a href="/wiki/Rotation_(unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rotation (unit)">rotation</a> than a point nearer the center. Travelling a greater distance in the same time means a greater speed, and so linear speed is greater on the outer edge of a rotating object than it is closer to the axis. This speed along a circular path is known as <i>tangential speed</i> because the direction of motion is <a href="/wiki/Tangent_lines_to_circles" title="Tangent lines to circles">tangent</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Circumference" title="Circumference">circumference</a> of the circle. For circular motion, the terms linear speed and tangential speed are used interchangeably, and both use units of m/s, km/h, and others.</div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Units">Units</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Conversion_of_units#Speed_or_velocity" title="Conversion of units">Conversion of units § Speed or velocity</a></div> <p>Units of speed include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metres_per_second" class="mw-redirect" title="Metres per second">metres per second</a> (symbol m s<sup>−1</sup> or m/s), the <a href="/wiki/SI_derived_unit" title="SI derived unit">SI derived unit</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilometres_per_hour" title="Kilometres per hour">kilometres per hour</a> (symbol km/h);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miles_per_hour" title="Miles per hour">miles per hour</a> (symbol mi/h or mph);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knot_(unit)" title="Knot (unit)">knots</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nautical_mile" title="Nautical mile">nautical miles</a> per hour, symbol kn or kt);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foot_per_second" title="Foot per second">feet per second</a> (symbol fps or ft/s);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mach_number" title="Mach number">Mach number</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dimensionless" class="mw-redirect" title="Dimensionless">dimensionless</a>), speed divided by the <a href="/wiki/Speed_of_sound" title="Speed of sound">speed of sound</a>;</li> <li>in <a href="/wiki/Natural_units" title="Natural units">natural units</a> (dimensionless), speed divided by the <a href="/wiki/Speed_of_light" title="Speed of light">speed of light</a> in vacuum (symbol <i>c</i> = <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7008299792458000000♠"></span>299<span style="margin-left:.25em;">792</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">458</span> m/s</span>).</li></ul> <table class="wikitable"> <caption><span class="nowrap">Conversions between common units of speed</span> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Metre_per_second" title="Metre per second">m/s</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Kilometres_per_hour" title="Kilometres per hour">km/h</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Miles_per_hour" title="Miles per hour">mph (mi/h)</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Knot_(unit)" title="Knot (unit)">knot</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Foot_per_second" title="Foot per second">fps (ft/s)</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>1 <a href="/wiki/Metre_per_second" title="Metre per second">m/s</a> = </th> <td>1</td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap">3.600<span style="margin-left: 0.25em">000</span></span></td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap">2.236<span style="margin-left: 0.25em">936</span></span>*</td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap">1.943<span style="margin-left: 0.25em">844</span></span>*</td> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap">3.280<span style="margin-left: 0.25em">840</span></span>* </td></tr> <tr> <th>1 <a href="/wiki/Kilometres_per_hour" title="Kilometres per hour">km/h</a> = </th> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999277778000000000♠"></span>0.277<span style="margin-left:.25em;">778</span></span>*</td> <td>1</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999621371000000000♠"></span>0.621<span style="margin-left:.25em;">371</span></span>*</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999539957000000000♠"></span>0.539<span style="margin-left:.25em;">957</span></span>*</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999911344000000000♠"></span>0.911<span style="margin-left:.25em;">344</span></span>* </td></tr> <tr> <th>1 <a href="/wiki/Miles_per_hour" title="Miles per hour">mph (mi/h)</a> = </th> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999447040000000000♠"></span>0.447<span style="margin-left:.25em;">04</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000160934400000000♠"></span>1.609<span style="margin-left:.25em;">344</span></span></td> <td>1</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999868976000000000♠"></span>0.868<span style="margin-left:.25em;">976</span></span>*</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000146666700000000♠"></span>1.466<span style="margin-left:.25em;">667</span></span>* </td></tr> <tr> <th>1 <a href="/wiki/Knot_(unit)" title="Knot (unit)">knot</a> = </th> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999514444000000000♠"></span>0.514<span style="margin-left:.25em;">444</span></span>*</td> <td>1.852</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000115077900000000♠"></span>1.150<span style="margin-left:.25em;">779</span></span>*</td> <td>1</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000168781000000000♠"></span>1.687<span style="margin-left:.25em;">810</span></span>* </td></tr> <tr> <th>1 <a href="/wiki/Foot_per_second" title="Foot per second">fps (ft/s)</a> = </th> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999304800000000000♠"></span>0.3048</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000109728000000000♠"></span>1.097<span style="margin-left:.25em;">28</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999681818000000000♠"></span>0.681<span style="margin-left:.25em;">818</span></span>*</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999592484000000000♠"></span>0.592<span style="margin-left:.25em;">484</span></span>*</td> <td>1 </td></tr></tbody></table><p> (* = approximate values) </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples_of_different_speeds">Examples of different speeds</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Speed" title="Special:EditPage/Speed">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Example_farm plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>may contain <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists#List_size" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists">excessive</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view#Due_and_undue_weight" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">irrelevant</a> examples</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Speed&action=edit">improve the article</a> by adding descriptive text and removing <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Example_cruft" title="Wikipedia:Example cruft">less pertinent examples</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2014</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(speed)" title="Orders of magnitude (speed)">Orders of magnitude (speed)</a></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Speed</th> <th>m/s</th> <th>ft/s</th> <th>km/h</th> <th>mph</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>Global average <a href="/wiki/Sea_level_rise" title="Sea level rise">sea level rise</a></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6990110000000000000♠"></span>0.000<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">11</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6990360000000000000♠"></span>0.000<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">36</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6990400000000000000♠"></span>0.000<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">0004</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6990250000000000000♠"></span>0.000<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">25</span></span></td> <td>3.5 mm/year<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Approximate rate of <a href="/wiki/Continental_drift" title="Continental drift">continental drift</a></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6991130000000000000♠"></span>0.000<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">0013</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6991420000000000000♠"></span>0.000<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">0042</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6991449999999999999♠"></span>0.000<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">0045</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6991279999999999999♠"></span>0.000<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">0028</span></span></td> <td>4 cm/year. Varies depending on location. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Speed of a common <a href="/wiki/Snail" title="Snail">snail</a></td> <td>0.001</td> <td>0.003</td> <td>0.004</td> <td>0.002</td> <td>1 millimetre per second </td></tr> <tr> <td>A brisk <a href="/wiki/Walk" class="mw-redirect" title="Walk">walk</a></td> <td>1.7</td> <td>5.5</td> <td>6.1</td> <td>3.8</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>A typical road cyclist</td> <td>4.4</td> <td>14.4</td> <td>16</td> <td>10</td> <td>Varies widely by person, terrain, bicycle, effort, weather </td></tr> <tr> <td>A fast martial arts kick</td> <td>7.7</td> <td>25.2</td> <td>27.7</td> <td>17.2</td> <td>Fastest kick recorded at 130 milliseconds from floor to target at 1 meter distance. Average velocity speed across kick duration<sup id="cite_ref-KickSpeed_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KickSpeed-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sprint_runner" class="mw-redirect" title="Sprint runner">Sprint runners</a></td> <td>12.2</td> <td>40</td> <td>43.92</td> <td>27</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Usain_Bolt" title="Usain Bolt">Usain Bolt</a>'s <a href="/wiki/100_metres" title="100 metres">100 metres</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_world_records_in_athletics" title="List of world records in athletics">world record</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Approximate average speed of road race cyclists</td> <td>12.5</td> <td>41.0</td> <td>45</td> <td>28</td> <td>On flat terrain, will vary </td></tr> <tr> <td>Typical suburban speed limit in most of the world</td> <td>13.8</td> <td>45.3</td> <td>50</td> <td>30</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Taipei_101" title="Taipei 101">Taipei 101</a> observatory elevator</td> <td>16.7</td> <td>54.8</td> <td>60.6</td> <td>37.6</td> <td>1010 m/min </td></tr> <tr> <td>Typical rural speed limit</td> <td>24.6</td> <td>80.66</td> <td>88.5</td> <td>56</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>British National Speed Limit (single carriageway)</td> <td>26.8</td> <td>88</td> <td>96.56</td> <td>60</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saffir-Simpson_Hurricane_Scale#Category_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale">Category 1</a> hurricane</td> <td>33</td> <td>108</td> <td>119</td> <td>74</td> <td>Minimum sustained speed over one minute </td></tr> <tr> <td>Average peak speed of a cheetah</td> <td>33.53</td> <td>110</td> <td>120.7</td> <td>75</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Speed limit on a <a href="/wiki/Autoroutes_of_France" title="Autoroutes of France">French autoroute</a></td> <td>36.1</td> <td>118</td> <td>130</td> <td>81</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Highest recorded human-powered speed</td> <td>37.02</td> <td>121.5</td> <td>133.2</td> <td>82.8</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sam_Whittingham" title="Sam Whittingham">Sam Whittingham</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Recumbent_bicycle" title="Recumbent bicycle">recumbent bicycle</a><sup id="cite_ref-sam_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sam-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Average speed of Human sneeze</td> <td>44.44</td> <td>145.82</td> <td>160</td> <td>99.42</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_velocity" title="Muzzle velocity">Muzzle velocity</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Paintball_marker" title="Paintball marker">paintball marker</a></td> <td>90</td> <td>295</td> <td>320</td> <td>200</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cruising speed of a <a href="/wiki/Boeing_747-8" title="Boeing 747-8">Boeing 747-8</a> passenger jet</td> <td>255</td> <td>836</td> <td>917</td> <td>570</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mach_number" title="Mach number">Mach</a> 0.85 at <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004106680000000000♠"></span>35<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span> ft</span> (<span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004106680000000000♠"></span>10<span style="margin-left:.25em;">668</span> m</span>) altitude </td></tr> <tr> <td>Speed of a .22 caliber Long Rifle bullet</td> <td>326.14</td> <td>1070</td> <td>1174.09</td> <td>729.55</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>The official <a href="/wiki/Land_speed_record" title="Land speed record">land speed record</a></td> <td>341.1</td> <td>1119.1</td> <td>1227.98</td> <td>763</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Speed_of_sound" title="Speed of sound">speed of sound</a> in dry air at sea-level pressure and 20 °C</td> <td>343</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003112500000000000♠"></span>1125</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003123500000000000♠"></span>1235</span></td> <td>768</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mach_number" title="Mach number">Mach</a> 1 by definition. 20 °C = 293.15 <a href="/wiki/Kelvins" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelvins">kelvins</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Muzzle_velocity" title="Muzzle velocity">Muzzle velocity</a> of a <a href="/wiki/7.62%C3%9739mm" title="7.62×39mm">7.62×39mm</a> cartridge</td> <td>710</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003233000000000000♠"></span>2330</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003260000000000000♠"></span>2600</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003160000000000000♠"></span>1600</span></td> <td>The <b>7.62×39mm</b> round is a rifle <a href="/wiki/Cartridge_(weaponry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cartridge (weaponry)">cartridge</a> of <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> origin </td></tr> <tr> <td>Official <a href="/wiki/Flight_airspeed_record" title="Flight airspeed record">flight airspeed record</a> for jet engined aircraft</td> <td>980</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003321500000000000♠"></span>3215</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003353000000000000♠"></span>3530</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003219400000000000♠"></span>2194</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_SR-71_Blackbird" title="Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird">Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a> on re-entry</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003780000000000000♠"></span>7800</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004256000000000000♠"></span>25<span style="margin-left:.25em;">600</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004280000000000000♠"></span>28<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span></td> <td>17,500</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Escape_velocity" title="Escape velocity">Escape velocity</a> on Earth</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004112000000000000♠"></span>11<span style="margin-left:.25em;">200</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004367000000000000♠"></span>36<span style="margin-left:.25em;">700</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004400000000000000♠"></span>40<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004250000000000000♠"></span>25<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span></td> <td>11.2 km·s<sup>−1</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_1" title="Voyager 1">Voyager 1</a></i> relative velocity to the Sun in 2013</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004170000000000000♠"></span>17<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004558000000000000♠"></span>55<span style="margin-left:.25em;">800</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004612000000000000♠"></span>61<span style="margin-left:.25em;">200</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004380000000000000♠"></span>38<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span></td> <td>Fastest heliocentric <a href="/wiki/Recessional_velocity" title="Recessional velocity">recession speed</a> of any humanmade object.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (11 mi/s) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Average orbital speed of planet <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a> around the Sun</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004297830000000000♠"></span>29<span style="margin-left:.25em;">783</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004977130000000000♠"></span>97<span style="margin-left:.25em;">713</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005107218000000000♠"></span>107<span style="margin-left:.25em;">218</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004666230000000000♠"></span>66<span style="margin-left:.25em;">623</span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>The fastest recorded speed of <a href="/wiki/Helios_(spacecraft)" title="Helios (spacecraft)">the Helios probes</a></td> <td>70,220</td> <td>230,381</td> <td>252,792</td> <td>157,078</td> <td>Recognized as the fastest speed achieved by a man-made spacecraft, achieved in <a href="/wiki/Heliocentric_orbit" title="Heliocentric orbit">solar orbit</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Orbital speed of the Sun relative to the center of the galaxy</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005251000000000000♠"></span>251<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005823000000000000♠"></span>823<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005904000000000000♠"></span>904<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005561000000000000♠"></span>561<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Speed of the Galaxy relative to the <a href="/wiki/CMB" class="mw-redirect" title="CMB">CMB</a></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005550000000000000♠"></span>550<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7006180000000000000♠"></span>1<span style="margin-left:.25em;">800</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7006200000000000000♠"></span>2<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7006124000000000000♠"></span>1<span style="margin-left:.25em;">240</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Speed_of_light" title="Speed of light">Speed of light</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vacuum" title="Vacuum">vacuum</a> (symbol <i>c</i>)</td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7008299792458000000♠"></span>299<span style="margin-left:.25em;">792</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">458</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7008983571056000000♠"></span>983<span style="margin-left:.25em;">571</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">056</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7009107925284800000♠"></span>1<span style="margin-left:.25em;">079</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">252</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">848</span></span></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7008670616629000000♠"></span>670<span style="margin-left:.25em;">616</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">629</span></span></td> <td>Exactly <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7008299792458000000♠"></span>299<span style="margin-left:.25em;">792</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">458</span> m/s</span>, by definition of the <a href="/wiki/Metre" title="Metre">metre</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Speed</th> <th>m/s</th> <th>ft/s</th> <th>km/h</th> <th>mph</th> <th>Notes </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Psychology">Psychology</h2></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Jean_Piaget" title="Jean Piaget">Jean Piaget</a>, the intuition for the notion of speed in humans precedes that of duration, and is based on the notion of outdistancing.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Piaget studied this subject inspired by a question asked to him in 1928 by <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a>: "In what order do children acquire the concepts of time and speed?"<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Children's early concept of speed is based on "overtaking", taking only temporal and spatial orders into consideration, specifically: "A moving object is judged to be more rapid than another when at a given moment the first object is behind and a moment or so later ahead of the other object."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_speed" class="mw-redirect" title="Air speed">Air speed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vehicle_speed_records" title="List of vehicle speed records">List of vehicle speed records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Projectile#Typical_projectile_speeds" title="Projectile">Typical projectile speeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speedometer" title="Speedometer">Speedometer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V_speeds" title="V speeds">V speeds</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/speed" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:speed">speed</a></b></i> or <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/swiftness" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:swiftness">swiftness</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Speed" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Speed">Speed</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Speed" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Speed">Speed</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-HSM2023-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HSM2023_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hsm.stackexchange.com/questions/10984/why-are-speed-and-velocity-not-given-the-same-name/">"Origin of the speed/velocity terminology"</a>. History of Science and Mathematics Stack Exchange<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Origin+of+the+speed%2Fvelocity+terminology&rft.pub=History+of+Science+and+Mathematics+Stack+Exchange&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhsm.stackexchange.com%2Fquestions%2F10984%2Fwhy-are-speed-and-velocity-not-given-the-same-name%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpeed" class="Z3988"></span> Introduction of the speed/velocity terminology by Prof. Tait, in 1882.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElert" class="citation web cs1">Elert, Glenn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://physics.info/velocity/">"Speed & Velocity"</a>. <i>The Physics Hypertextbook</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Physics+Hypertextbook&rft.atitle=Speed+%26+Velocity&rft.aulast=Elert&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphysics.info%2Fvelocity%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpeed" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hewitt_2006,_p._42-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hewitt_2006,_p._42_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hewitt_2006,_p._42_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hewitt_2006,_p._42_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHewitt2006">Hewitt 2006</a>, p. 42<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFHewitt2006 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=113-01-33">"IEC 60050 - Details for IEV number 113-01-33: "speed"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Electropedia: The World's Online Electrotechnical Vocabulary</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-06-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Electropedia%3A+The+World%27s+Online+Electrotechnical+Vocabulary&rft.atitle=IEC+60050+-+Details+for+IEV+number+113-01-33%3A+%22speed%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.electropedia.org%2Fiev%2Fiev.nsf%2Fdisplay%3Fopenform%26ievref%3D113-01-33&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpeed" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson1901" class="citation book cs1">Wilson, Edwin Bidwell (1901). <i>Vector analysis: a text-book for the use of students of mathematics and physics, founded upon the lectures of J. Willard Gibbs</i>. Yale bicentennial publications. C. Scribner's Sons. p. 125. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fmdp.39015000962285?urlappend=%3Bseq=149">2027/mdp.39015000962285</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vector+analysis%3A+a+text-book+for+the+use+of+students+of+mathematics+and+physics%2C+founded+upon+the+lectures+of+J.+Willard+Gibbs&rft.series=Yale+bicentennial+publications&rft.pages=125&rft.pub=C.+Scribner%27s+Sons&rft.date=1901&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fmdp.39015000962285%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D149&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Edwin+Bidwell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpeed" class="Z3988"></span> This is the likely origin of the speed/velocity terminology in vector physics.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tangential_speed_Hewitt_2007,_p._131-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tangential_speed_Hewitt_2007,_p._131_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHewitt2007">Hewitt 2007</a>, p. 131</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNASA's_Goddard_Space_Flight_Center" class="citation web cs1">NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/sea-level/">"Satellite sea level observations"</a>. <i>Global Climate Change</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kickspeed.com.au/Improve-measure-kicking-speed.html">the original</a> on 2013-11-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-08-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Improve+Kicking+Speed+for+Martial+Arts+%26%23124%3B+Get+Fast+Kicks%21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kickspeed.com.au%2FImprove-measure-kicking-speed.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpeed" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sam-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sam_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130811101125/http://www.wisil.recumbents.com/wisil/whpsc2009/results.htm">"The Recumbent Bicycle and Human Powered Vehicle Information Center"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 19,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fastest+Spacecraft&rft.aulast=Darling&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.daviddarling.info%2Fencyclopedia%2FF%2Ffastest_spacecraft.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpeed" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jean Piaget, <i>Psychology and Epistemology: Towards a Theory of Knowledge</i>, The Viking Press, pp. 82–83 and pp. 110–112, 1973. <a href="/wiki/SBN_(code)" class="mw-redirect" title="SBN (code)">SBN</a> 670-00362-x</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSieglerRichards1979" class="citation journal cs1">Siegler, Robert S.; Richards, D. Dean (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.psy.cmu.edu/~siegler/1979-Siegler-Richards.pdf">"Development of Time, Speed, and Distance Concepts"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Developmental Psychology</i>. <b>15</b> (3): 288–298. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2F0012-1649.15.3.288">10.1037/0012-1649.15.3.288</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developmental+Psychology&rft.atitle=Development+of+Time%2C+Speed%2C+and+Distance+Concepts&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=288-298&rft.date=1979&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2F0012-1649.15.3.288&rft.aulast=Siegler&rft.aufirst=Robert+S.&rft.au=Richards%2C+D.+Dean&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.psy.cmu.edu%2F~siegler%2F1979-Siegler-Richards.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpeed" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VoKOEJTNxGEC&pg=PA164"><i>Early Years Education: Histories and Traditions, Volume 1</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. 2006. p. 164. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415326704" title="Special:BookSources/9780415326704"><bdi>9780415326704</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Early+Years+Education%3A+Histories+and+Traditions%2C+Volume+1&rft.pages=164&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780415326704&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVoKOEJTNxGEC%26pg%3DPA164&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpeed" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHewitt2007" class="citation book cs1">Hewitt, P.G. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A5HylF_5tLEC"><i>Conceptual Physics</i></a>. Pearson Education. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-317-1553-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-317-1553-6"><bdi>978-81-317-1553-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Conceptual+Physics&rft.pub=Pearson+Education&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-81-317-1553-6&rft.aulast=Hewitt&rft.aufirst=P.G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DA5HylF_5tLEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpeed" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman">Richard P. Feynman</a>, Robert B. Leighton, Matthew Sands. <a href="/wiki/The_Feynman_Lectures_on_Physics" title="The Feynman Lectures on Physics">The Feynman Lectures on Physics</a>, Volume I, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/I_08.html#Ch8-S2">Section 8–2</a>. <a href="/wiki/Addison-Wesley" title="Addison-Wesley">Addison-Wesley</a>, Reading, Massachusetts (1963). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-201-02116-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-201-02116-1">0-201-02116-1</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Classical_mechanics" title="Classical mechanics">Classical mechanics</a> <a href="/wiki/International_System_of_Units" title="International System of Units">SI units</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0;"><table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;line-height:0.9;border-collapse:collapse;margin:auto;border:none;background:none;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="4" style="border:none;backgound:none; font-weight:bold;">Linear/translational quantities</td> <td rowspan="12" style="border:none;backgound:none;"></td> <td colspan="4" style="border:none;backgound:none; font-weight:bold;">Angular/rotational quantities</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:normal;font-size:80%;">Dimensions</th> <th style="font-weight:normal;">1</th> <th style="font-weight:normal;">L</th> <th style="font-weight:normal;">L<sup>2</sup></th> <th style="font-weight:normal;font-size:80%;">Dimensions</th> <th style="font-weight:normal;">1</th> <th style="font-weight:normal;"><span class="texhtml"><i>θ</i></span></th> <th style="font-weight:normal;"><span class="texhtml"><i>θ</i></span><sup>2</sup></th> </tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:normal;">T</th> <td><a href="/wiki/Time" title="Time">time</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>t</i></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Second" title="Second">s</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Absement" title="Absement">absement</a>: <span class="texhtml"><b>A</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Meter_second" class="mw-redirect" title="Meter second">m s</a></td> <td></td> <th style="font-weight:normal;">T</th> <td><a href="/wiki/Time" title="Time">time</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>t</i></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Second" title="Second">s</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:normal;">1</th> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Distance" title="Distance">distance</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>d</i></span>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Position_(vector)" class="mw-redirect" title="Position (vector)">position</a>: <span class="texhtml"><b>r</b></span>, <span class="texhtml"><b>s</b></span>, <span class="texhtml"><b>x</b></span></span>, <a href="/wiki/Displacement_(vector)" class="mw-redirect" title="Displacement (vector)">displacement</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Metre" title="Metre">m</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Area" title="Area">area</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>A</i></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Square_metre" title="Square metre">m<sup>2</sup></a></td> <th style="font-weight:normal;">1</th> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Angle" title="Angle">angle</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>θ</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Angular_displacement" title="Angular displacement">angular displacement</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i><b>θ</b></i></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Radian" title="Radian">rad</a></td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Solid_angle" title="Solid angle">solid angle</a>: <span class="texhtml">Ω</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Steradian" title="Steradian">rad<sup>2</sup>, sr</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:normal;">T<sup>−1</sup></th> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frequency" title="Frequency">frequency</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>f</i></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Inverse_second" title="Inverse second">s<sup>−1</sup></a>, <a href="/wiki/Hertz" title="Hertz">Hz</a></td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">speed</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>v</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Velocity" title="Velocity">velocity</a>: <span class="texhtml"><b>v</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Metre_per_second" title="Metre per second">m s<sup>−1</sup></a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kinematic_viscosity" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinematic viscosity">kinematic viscosity</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>ν</i></span>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Specific_angular_momentum" title="Specific angular momentum">specific angular momentum</a>: <span class="texhtml"><b>h</b></span><br />m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup></td> <th style="font-weight:normal;">T<sup>−1</sup></th> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frequency" title="Frequency">frequency</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>f</i></span></span>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rotational_speed" class="mw-redirect" title="Rotational speed">rotational speed</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>n</i></span></span>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rotational_velocity" class="mw-redirect" title="Rotational velocity">rotational velocity</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i><b>n</b></i></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Inverse_second" title="Inverse second">s<sup>−1</sup></a>, <a href="/wiki/Hertz" title="Hertz">Hz</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Angular_speed" class="mw-redirect" title="Angular speed">angular speed</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>ω</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Angular_velocity" title="Angular velocity">angular velocity</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i><b>ω</b></i></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Radian_per_second" title="Radian per second">rad<span style="letter-spacing:0.1em"> </span>s<sup>−1</sup></a></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:normal;">T<sup>−2</sup></th> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Acceleration" title="Acceleration">acceleration</a>: <span class="texhtml"><b>a</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Metre_per_second_squared" title="Metre per second squared">m s<sup>−2</sup></a></td> <td></td> <th style="font-weight:normal;">T<sup>−2</sup></th> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rotational_acceleration" class="mw-redirect" title="Rotational acceleration">rotational acceleration</a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Inverse_square_second" class="mw-redirect" title="Inverse square second">s<sup>−2</sup></a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Angular_acceleration" title="Angular acceleration">angular acceleration</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i><b>α</b></i></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Radian_per_second_squared" class="mw-redirect" title="Radian per second squared">rad<span style="letter-spacing:0.1em"> </span>s<sup>−2</sup></a></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:normal;">T<sup>−3</sup></th> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jerk_(physics)" title="Jerk (physics)">jerk</a>: <span class="texhtml"><b>j</b></span><br />m s<sup>−3</sup></td> <td></td> <th style="font-weight:normal;">T<sup>−3</sup></th> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jerk_(physics)#Jerk_in_rotation" title="Jerk (physics)">angular jerk</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i><b>ζ</b></i></span><br />rad<span style="letter-spacing:0.1em"> </span>s<sup>−3</sup></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr style="border-top: 3px double #a2a9b1;"> <th style="font-weight:normal;">M</th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mass" title="Mass">mass</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>m</i></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Kilogram" title="Kilogram">kg</a></td> <td>weighted position: <span class="texhtml"><i>M</i> ⟨<i>x</i>⟩ = ∑ <i>m</i> <i>x</i></span> </td> <td></td> <th style="font-weight:normal;">ML<sup>2</sup></th> <td><a href="/wiki/Moment_of_inertia" title="Moment of inertia">moment of inertia</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>I</i></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Kilogram_square_metre" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilogram square metre">kg<span style="letter-spacing:0.1em"> </span>m<sup>2</sup></a></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:normal;">MT<sup>−1</sup></th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mass_flow_rate" title="Mass flow rate">Mass flow rate</a>: <span class="texhtml"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\dot {m}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>m</mi> <mo>˙</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\dot {m}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ad59b9876301e8fb75b9ddbf08de594b87251d3b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.04ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\dot {m}}}"></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Kilogram_per_second" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilogram per second">kg<span style="letter-spacing:0.1em"> </span>s<sup>−1</sup></a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Momentum" title="Momentum">momentum</a>: <span class="texhtml"><b>p</b></span>, <a href="/wiki/Impulse_(physics)" title="Impulse (physics)">impulse</a>: <span class="texhtml"><b>J</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Kilogram_metre_per_second" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilogram metre per second">kg<span style="letter-spacing:0.1em"> </span>m s<sup>−1</sup></a>, <a href="/wiki/Newton_second" class="mw-redirect" title="Newton second">N s</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Action_(physics)" title="Action (physics)">action</a>: <span class="texhtml">𝒮</span>, <a href="/wiki/Absement#Applications" title="Absement">actergy</a>: <span class="texhtml">ℵ</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Kilogram_square_metre_per_second" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilogram square metre per second">kg<span style="letter-spacing:0.1em"> </span>m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup></a>, <a href="/wiki/Joule-second" title="Joule-second">J s</a></td> <th style="font-weight:normal;">ML<sup>2</sup>T<sup>−1</sup></th> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Angular_momentum" title="Angular momentum">angular momentum</a>: <span class="texhtml"><b>L</b></span>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_equations_in_classical_mechanics#Derived_dynamic_quantities" title="List of equations in classical mechanics">angular impulse</a>: <span class="texhtml">Δ<b>L</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Kilogram_square_metre_per_second" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilogram square metre per second">kg<span style="letter-spacing:0.1em"> </span>m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup></a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Action_(physics)" title="Action (physics)">action</a>: <span class="texhtml">𝒮</span>, <a href="/wiki/Absement#Applications" title="Absement">actergy</a>: <span class="texhtml">ℵ</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Kilogram_square_metre_per_second" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilogram square metre per second">kg<span style="letter-spacing:0.1em"> </span>m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup></a>, <a href="/wiki/Joule-second" title="Joule-second">J s</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:normal;">MT<sup>−2</sup></th> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Force" title="Force">force</a>: <span class="texhtml"><b>F</b></span>, <a href="/wiki/Weight" title="Weight">weight</a>: <span class="texhtml"><b>F</b><sub>g</sub></span><br /><span style="margin-right:0.1em;">kg </span> m s<sup>−2</sup>, <a href="/wiki/Newton_(unit)" title="Newton (unit)">N</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Energy" title="Energy">energy</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>E</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Work_(physics)" title="Work (physics)">work</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>W</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Lagrangian_mechanics" title="Lagrangian mechanics">Lagrangian</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>L</i></span><br /><span style="margin-right:0.1em;">kg</span> m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−2</sup>, <a href="/wiki/Joule" title="Joule">J</a></td> <th style="font-weight:normal;">ML<sup>2</sup>T<sup>−2</sup></th> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Torque" title="Torque">torque</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i><b>τ</b></i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Torque#Terminology" title="Torque">moment</a>: <span class="texhtml"><b>M</b></span><br /><span style="margin-right:0.1em;">kg</span> m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−2</sup>, <a href="/wiki/Newton-metre" title="Newton-metre">N m</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Energy" title="Energy">energy</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>E</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Work_(physics)" title="Work (physics)">work</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>W</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Lagrangian_mechanics" title="Lagrangian mechanics">Lagrangian</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>L</i></span><br /><span style="margin-right:0.1em;">kg</span> m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−2</sup>, <a href="/wiki/Joule" title="Joule">J</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:normal;">MT<sup>−3</sup></th> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yank_(physics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yank (physics)">yank</a>: <span class="texhtml"><b>Y</b></span><br /><span style="margin-right:0.1em;">kg</span> m s<sup>−3</sup>, N s<sup>−1</sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Power_(physics)" title="Power (physics)">power</a>: <span class="texhtml"><i>P</i></span><br /><span style="margin-right:0.1em;">kg</span> m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−3</sup>, <a href="/wiki/Watt" title="Watt">W</a></td> <th style="font-weight:normal;">ML<sup>2</sup>T<sup>−3</sup></th> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rotatum" class="mw-redirect" title="Rotatum">rotatum</a>: <span class="texhtml"><b>P</b></span><br /><span style="margin-right:0.1em;">kg</span> m<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−3</sup>, N m 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