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class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flyt til sidebjælken</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Indledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-I_dag" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#I_dag"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>I dag</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-I_dag-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bivirkninger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bivirkninger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bivirkninger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bivirkninger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dødsstraf_i_USA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dødsstraf_i_USA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Dødsstraf i USA</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dødsstraf_i_USA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assisteret_selvmord" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assisteret_selvmord"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Assisteret selvmord</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assisteret_selvmord-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referencer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Barbiturat</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikel på et andet sprog. Tilgængelig på 57 sprog" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">57 sprog</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbituraat" title="Barbituraat – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Barbituraat" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="باربتيورات – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="باربتيورات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="باربيتيورات – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="باربيتيورات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbituratlar" title="Barbituratlar – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Barbituratlar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Барбитурат – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Барбитурат" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F" title="বারবিচুরেট – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বারবিচুরেট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbit%C3%BAric" title="Barbitúric – catalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Barbitúric" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbitur%C3%A1ty" title="Barbituráty – tjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Barbituráty" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturate" title="Barbiturate – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Barbiturate" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B2%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC" title="Βαρβιτουρικά – græsk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βαρβιτουρικά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="græsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturate" title="Barbiturate – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Barbiturate" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturato" title="Barbiturato – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Barbiturato" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbit%C3%BArico" title="Barbitúrico – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Barbitúrico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbituraadid" title="Barbituraadid – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Barbituraadid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbituriko" title="Barbituriko – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Barbituriko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="باربیتورات – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="باربیتورات" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbituraatit" title="Barbituraatit – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Barbituraatit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturique" title="Barbiturique – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Barbiturique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbat%C3%BAr%C3%A1it" title="Barbatúráit – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Barbatúráit" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbit%C3%BArico" title="Barbitúrico – galicisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Barbitúrico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%98" title="ברביטורט – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ברביטורט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="बार्बीचुरेट्स – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बार्बीचुरेट्स" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturati" title="Barbiturati – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Barbiturati" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Բարբիտուրատներ – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բարբիտուրատներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturat" title="Barbiturat – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Barbiturat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturici" title="Barbiturici – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Barbiturici" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%83%AB%E3%83%93%E3%83%84%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E9%85%B8%E7%B3%BB" title="バルビツール酸系 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バルビツール酸系" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ბარბიტურატები – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბარბიტურატები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EB%A5%B4%EB%B9%84%ED%88%AC%EB%A5%B4%EC%82%B0%EA%B3%84" title="바르비투르산계 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="바르비투르산계" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbit%C5%ABratai" title="Barbitūratai – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Barbitūratai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbitur%C4%81ti" title="Barbiturāti – lettisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Barbiturāti" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Барбитурат – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Барбитурат" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturat" title="Barbiturat – malajisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Barbiturat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbituraat" title="Barbituraat – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Barbituraat" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturat" title="Barbiturat – nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Barbiturat" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturat" title="Barbiturat – bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Barbiturat" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturany" title="Barbiturany – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Barbiturany" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbit%C3%BArico" title="Barbitúrico – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Barbitúrico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbituric" title="Barbituric – rumænsk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Barbituric" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumænsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Барбитураты – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Барбитураты" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Барбитураттар – jakutisk" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Барбитураттар" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturat" title="Barbiturat – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Barbiturat" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturate" title="Barbiturate – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Barbiturate" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbitur%C3%A1t" title="Barbiturát – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Barbiturát" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturat" title="Barbiturat – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Barbiturat" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Барбитурат – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Барбитурат" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturat" title="Barbiturat – sundanesisk" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Barbiturat" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturater" title="Barbiturater – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Barbiturater" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Барбитуратҳо – tadsjikisk" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Барбитуратҳо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95" title="บาร์บิทูเรต – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บาร์บิทูเรต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbit%C3%BCrat" title="Barbitürat – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Barbitürat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Барбітурати – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Барбітурати" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbituratlar" title="Barbituratlar – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Barbituratlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturat" title="Barbiturat – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Barbiturat" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbituriko" title="Barbituriko – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Barbituriko" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%AF%94%E5%A6%A5%E7%B1%BB%E8%8D%AF%E7%89%A9" title="巴比妥类药物 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="巴比妥类药物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturate_io%CC%8Dh-bu%CC%8Dt" title="Barbiturate io̍h-bu̍t – min-kinesisk" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Barbiturate io̍h-bu̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min-kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Udskriv/eksportér </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciel:Bog&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Barbiturat"><span>Lav en bog</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciel:DownloadAsPdf&page=Barbiturat&action=show-download-screen"><span>Download som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbiturat&printable=yes" title="Printervenlig udgave af denne side [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Udskriftsvenlig udgave</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> I andre projekter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Barbiturates" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q206348" title="Link til tilknyttet emne i Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-element</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideværktøjer"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Udseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Udseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flyt til sidebjælken</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skjul</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopædi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="da" dir="ltr"><p><b>Barbiturater</b> er en gruppe af medicin, der tidligere blev anvendt til behandling af <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8vnproblem" class="mw-redirect" title="Søvnproblem">søvnproblemer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nerv%C3%B8sitet" title="Nervøsitet">nervøsitet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angst" title="Angst">angst</a> og ved abstinensproblemer efter alkoholindtagelse. Stofferne var i mange år de mest anvendte sovemidler. De har desuden været anvendt hyppigt til behandling af lettere nervøse tilstande. </p><p>Stofferne virker modsat af <a href="/wiki/Amfetamin" title="Amfetamin">amfetamingruppen</a> dvs. hæmmende på en lang række funktioner i <a href="/wiki/Centralnervesystem" class="mw-redirect" title="Centralnervesystem">centralnervesystemet</a>. De vil ofte give en følelse af velbefindende eller ruslignende tilstande, afhængigt af dosis og stoffets art. Det er netop derfor, der indimellem opstår misbrug i forbindelse med indtagelse af de omtalte stoffer. </p><p>Fordi stofferne virker hæmmende, anvendes de søvnfremkaldende og beroligende. Derfor frarådes brug af stofferne naturligvis også i forbindelse med aktiviteter, hvor klar bevidsthed og hurtig reaktion er påkrævet. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbiturat&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigér afsnit: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbiturat&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Historie"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Barbituric-acid-structural.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Barbituric-acid-structural.svg/220px-Barbituric-acid-structural.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Barbituric-acid-structural.svg/330px-Barbituric-acid-structural.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Barbituric-acid-structural.svg/440px-Barbituric-acid-structural.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="463" /></a><figcaption>Barbitursyre</figcaption></figure> <p>Barbitursyre blev opdaget <a href="/wiki/4._december" title="4. december">4. december</a> <a href="/wiki/1863" title="1863">1863</a> af den tyske forsker <a href="/wiki/Adolf_von_Baeyer" title="Adolf von Baeyer">Adolf von Baeyer</a>. Opdagelsen fandt sted på Sankt Barbaras dag, og navnet er nok en kombination af <i>Barbara</i> og <i>urea</i>. En anden forklaring er, at han opkaldte forbindelsen efter sin kæreste Barbara. </p><p>I <a href="/wiki/1903" title="1903">1903</a> blev det første medicinske barbiturat, barbital (Diemal, Veronal), opfundet. Fenobarbital (Fenemal, Luminal) blev introduceret i <a href="/wiki/1912" title="1912">1912</a>, blandt andet som sovemiddel og til behandling af epilepsi. I de følgende år kom der mange barbiturat-præparater fx aprobarbital (Allypropymal), amobarbital (Pentymal, Amytal, Amycal), pentobarbital (Mebumal, Nembutal), cyclobarbital (Hexemal, Phanodorm, Prodorm), secobarbital (Meballymal, Seconal), heptabarbital (Medomin), hexobarbital (Enhexymal, Citopan, Evipan). De første varianter hed Veronal og Medinal, med Trional som en konkurrent. Især blev Veronal populært på private nervesanatorier modsat sindssygehusene, der holdt sig til de billigere midler, brom og kloral. Veronal var meget udbredt frem til 1960'erne og var midlet, <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Zweig" title="Stefan Zweig">Stefan Zweig</a> benyttede til sit <a href="/wiki/Selvmord" title="Selvmord">selvmord</a>. Præparaterne havde flere fordele: De blev tilvirket af et lugtløst, hvidt pulver, smagte ikke grimt, og virkede i doser langt under grænsen for forgiftning (til forskel fra <a href="/wiki/Brom" title="Brom">brom</a>, der i lighed med kloral smager grimt, med en virkning nær grænsen for forgiftning). De virkede hurtigt og med færre bivirkninger.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I efterkrigstiden blev man stadig mere opmærksom på, at også barbiturater havde bivirkninger og skabte afhængighed, og brugen aftog betydeligt særligt efter, at de langt mindre toksiske <a href="/wiki/Benzodiazepin" title="Benzodiazepin">benzodiazepiner</a> kom på markedet. I <a href="/wiki/Wien" title="Wien">Wien</a> i <a href="/wiki/1971" title="1971">1971</a> blev brugen af barbiturater, amfetaminer og andre syntetiske rusmidler reguleret i <i>Convention on Psychotropic Substances</i>. Benzodiazepinerne, der kom i 1960'erne og 70'erne (Valium, Librium, Mogadon, Rohypnol, osv.), overflødiggjorde barbituraterne, og behovet for dem forsvandt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="I_dag">I dag</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbiturat&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigér afsnit: I dag" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbiturat&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: I dag"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Barbituraterne findes efterhånden ikke på markedet, da de havde en klart større risiko for afhængighedsudvikling og forgiftning end de såkaldte <a href="/wiki/Benzodiazepin" title="Benzodiazepin">benzodiazepiner</a>. </p><p>Fenemal<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> og Diemal<sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser" title="Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser"><span title="Dette udsagn mangler reference til pålidelige kilder. (siden marts 2017)">kilde mangler</span></a></i>]</sup> er de eneste barbiturater, som stadig anvendes.<sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser" title="Wikipedia:Kildeangivelser"><span title="Dette udsagn mangler reference til pålidelige kilder. (siden marts 2017)">kilde mangler</span></a></i>]</sup> De bruges ved behandling af <a href="/wiki/Epilepsi" title="Epilepsi">epilepsi</a> og alkoholabstinenser. Dog giver Fenemal ikke ruslignende tilstande som barbiturater på <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe" title="Marilyn Monroe">Marilyn Monroes</a> tid. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bivirkninger">Bivirkninger</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbiturat&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigér afsnit: Bivirkninger" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbiturat&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Bivirkninger"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ved længerevarende og massivt misbrug vil stofferne give <a href="/wiki/Abstinens" title="Abstinens">abstinenssymptomer</a>, ofte med en efterfølgende <a href="/wiki/Psykose" title="Psykose">psykose</a>. Der ses ofte krampeanfald med risiko for dødsfald, og forgiftninger ses eksempelvis ofte i forbindelse med engangsindtagelse af store mængder sovemedicin. </p><p>Ved dagligt misbrug kan <a href="/wiki/Symptom" title="Symptom">symptomerne</a> være søvnforstyrrelser, <a href="/wiki/Hovedpine" title="Hovedpine">hovedpine</a>, træthed, manglende evne til koncentration, sløvhed, hukommelsesproblemer og følelsesmæssig ustabilitet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dødsstraf_i_USA"><span id="D.C3.B8dsstraf_i_USA"></span>Dødsstraf i USA</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbiturat&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigér afsnit: Dødsstraf i USA" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbiturat&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Dødsstraf i USA"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Pentobarbital" title="Pentobarbital">Pentobarbital</a> har været anvendt til fuldbyrdelse af <a href="/wiki/D%C3%B8dsstraf" title="Dødsstraf">dødsstraf</a> i <a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a>, som alternativ til andre traditionelt anvendte medikamenter, når der var mangel på disse.<sup id="cite_ref-ing_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ing-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Denne anvendelse er ulovlig ifølge dansk ret, og da det blev afsløret medførte debat i de danske medier. Derefter stoppede <a href="/wiki/Lundbeck" class="mw-redirect" title="Lundbeck">Lundbeck</a>, producenten af Pentobarbital, salget af stoffet til USA-delstater, der praktiserer dødsstraf.<sup id="cite_ref-autogeneret1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogeneret1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Distributører i USA forbydes af Lundbeck at sælge stoffet til kunder, så som adskillige delstatsmyndigheder, der deltager i udøvelsen af dødsstraf.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-autogeneret1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogeneret1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ing_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ing-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Assisteret_selvmord">Assisteret selvmord</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbiturat&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigér afsnit: Assisteret selvmord" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbiturat&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Assisteret selvmord"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Barbiturat anvendes som middel til folk, der ønsker at begå såkaldt assisteret selvmord. I Schweiz er aktiv dødshjælp ikke tilladt, men det er derimod tilladt at yde hjælp til selvmord.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Barbituratet udskrives af en læge med det formål at sætte patienten i stand til at afslutte sit eget liv. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencer">Referencer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbiturat&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigér afsnit: Referencer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbiturat&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Referencer"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Karin Johannisson: <i>Melankolske rom</i> (s. 164-5), forlaget Cappelen Damm, <a href="/wiki/Internationalt_Standardbognummer" title="Internationalt Standardbognummer">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciel:ISBN-s%C3%B8gning/978-82-02-32188-8" title="Speciel:ISBN-søgning/978-82-02-32188-8">978-82-02-32188-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://min.medicin.dk/Search/Search/Search/fenemal?x=0&y=0">Fenemal - min.medicin</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ing-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ing_3-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ing_3-1"><sup>b</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://ing.dk/artikel/lundbeck-i-chok-vores-laegemiddel-bliver-brugt-til-dodsstraf-115906">https://ing.dk/artikel/lundbeck-i-chok-vores-laegemiddel-bliver-brugt-til-dodsstraf-115906</a> Lundbeck i chok: Vores lægemiddel bliver brugt til dødsstraf - Ingeniøren]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11752076">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2012/05/21/politics/states-lethal-injection-drugs">"States urge feds to help import lethal injection drugs"</a>. CNN. 21. maj 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=States+urge+feds+to+help+import+lethal+injection+drugs&rft.date=2012-05-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2012%2F05%2F21%2Fpolitics%2Fstates-lethal-injection-drugs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fda.wikipedia.org%3ABarbiturat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogeneret1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogeneret1_5-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogeneret1_5-1"><sup>b</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r11752076"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170305194349/http://investor.lundbeck.com/releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=614018">"investor.lundbeck.com: Lundbeck ændrer distribution af pentobarbital for at begrænse misbrug"</a>. Arkiveret fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://investor.lundbeck.com/releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=614018">originalen</a> 5. marts 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Hentet 5. marts 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=investor.lundbeck.com%3A+Lundbeck+%C3%A6ndrer+distribution+af+pentobarbital+for+at+begr%C3%A6nse+misbrug&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finvestor.lundbeck.com%2Freleasedetail.cfm%3Freleaseid%3D614018&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fda.wikipedia.org%3ABarbiturat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text">[politiken.dk/udland/art5007317/Lundbeck-er-magtesløs-i-sag-om-henrettelser Lundbeck er magtesløs i sag om henrettelser - politiken.dk]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r11752076"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170305192748/http://penge.borsen.dk/artikel/1/205001/lundbeck_faar_kritik_i_sag_om_doedsstraf.html">"Lundbeck får kritik i sag om dødsstraf - Børsen Penge"</a>. Arkiveret fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://penge.borsen.dk/artikel/1/205001/lundbeck_faar_kritik_i_sag_om_doedsstraf.html">originalen</a> 5. marts 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Hentet 5. marts 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lundbeck+f%C3%A5r+kritik+i+sag+om+d%C3%B8dsstraf+-+B%C3%B8rsen+Penge&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpenge.borsen.dk%2Fartikel%2F1%2F205001%2Flundbeck_faar_kritik_i_sag_om_doedsstraf.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fda.wikipedia.org%3ABarbiturat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r11752076"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nation.time.com/2013/08/07/the-hidden-hand-squeezing-texas-supply-of-execution-drugs/">"The Hidden Hand Squeezing Texas' Supply of Execution Drugs"</a>. <i>Time</i>. 7. august 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=The+Hidden+Hand+Squeezing+Texas%27+Supply+of+Execution+Drugs&rft.date=2013-08-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnation.time.com%2F2013%2F08%2F07%2Fthe-hidden-hand-squeezing-texas-supply-of-execution-drugs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fda.wikipedia.org%3ABarbiturat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r11752076"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160904013040/http://www.etiskraad.dk/etiske-temaer/aktiv-doedshjaelp-og-doeende/temaer-og-begreber-i-debatten-om-aktiv-doedshjaelp/lovgivning/lovgivning-i-andre-lande">"Lovgivning om aktiv dødshjælp i andre lande (Schweiz)"</a>. <i>etiskraad.dk</i>. 18. januar 2013. 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