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vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">ferbergje</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigaasje </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Haadside" title="Gean nei de haadside [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Haadside</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedy:Mienskip" title="Oer it projekt: wat jo dwaan kinne, wêr't jo dingen fine"><span>Wikipedy-mienskip</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/25_novimber" title="Eftergrûnynformaasje oer rinnende saken"><span>Hjoed</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiki:Koartlyn_feroare" title="List fan 'e lêste feroarings oan 'e wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Koartlyn feroare</span></a></li><li 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id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_fy.wikipedia.org&uselang=fy" class=""><span>Donaasjes</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Wiki:Nije_ynstellings_oanmeitsje&returnto=Underkast" title="Jo wurde fan herten útnûge in akkount oan te meitsjen en jo oan te melden, mar it hoecht net" class=""><span>Akkount meitsje</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Wiki:Oanmelde&returnto=Underkast" title="Jo wurde fan herten útnûge jo oan te melden, mar it hoecht net [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Oanmelde</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Mear opsjes" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoanlik ark" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoanlik ark</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" 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net [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Oanmelde</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Siden foar ôfmelde meidoggers <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Yntroduksje" aria-label="Mear witte oer bewurkjen"><span>mear witte</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiki:Myn_bydragen" title="List fan wizigings makke fan dit YP-adres ôf [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiki:Myn_oerlis" title="Oerlis oer bewurkings fan dit YP-adres ôf [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Oerlis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webstee"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Ynhâld" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ynhâld</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">nei sydbalke ferplakke</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ferbergje</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Begjin</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sjoch_ek" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sjoch_ek"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Sjoch ek</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sjoch_ek-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Ynhâld" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ynhâldsopjefte omklappe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ynhâldsopjefte omklappe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Underkast</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Nei it artikel yn in oare taal gean. Beskikber yn 35 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuskel" title="Minuskel – Switsers Dútsk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Minuskel" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Switsers Dútsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuskel" title="Minuskel – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Minuskel" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Мінускул – Wyt-Russysk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мінускул" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Wyt-Russysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Мінускул – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мінускул" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min%C3%BAscula" title="Minúscula – Katalaansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Minúscula" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuskule" title="Minuskule – Tsjechysk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Minuskule" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuskel" title="Minuskel – Deensk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Minuskel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuskel" title="Minuskel – Dútsk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Minuskel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Dútsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuscule" title="Minuscule – Ingelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Minuscule" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Ingelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minusklo" title="Minusklo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Minusklo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min%C3%BAscula" title="Minúscula – Spaansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Minúscula" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuskel" title="Minuskel – Estlânsk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Minuskel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estlânsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letra_xehe" title="Letra xehe – Baskysk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Letra xehe" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemena" title="Gemena – Finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gemena" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas_de_casse" title="Bas de casse – Frânsk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bas de casse" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frânsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min%C3%BAscula" title="Minúscula – Galisysk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Minúscula" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuskulo" title="Minuskulo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Minuskulo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuscolo" title="Minuscolo – Italiaansk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Minuscolo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="小文字 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="小文字" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuskel" title="Minuskel – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Minuskel" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuskulai" title="Minuskulai – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Minuskulai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sora-madinika" title="Sora-madinika – Malagasysk" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sora-madinika" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Мала буква – Macedonysk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мала буква" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onderkast" title="Onderkast – Nederlânsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Onderkast" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlânsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuskel" title="Minuskel – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Minuskel" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuskel" title="Minuskel – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Minuskel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minusculo" title="Minusculo – Papiaments" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Minusculo" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiaments" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minusku%C5%82a" title="Minuskuła – Poalsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Minuskuła" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poalsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Минускул – Russysk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Минускул" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuskula" title="Minuskula – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Minuskula" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemen" title="Gemen – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gemen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Мінускул – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мінускул" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamay_nga_agi" title="Gamay nga agi – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Gamay nga agi" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%AF%AB%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="小寫字母 – Sineesk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="小寫字母" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Sineesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%B0%E9%9A%8E" title="細階 – Kantoneesk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="細階" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantoneesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8185162#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Yntertaalkeppelings bewurkje" class="wbc-editpage">Keppelings bewurkje</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nammeromten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Underkast" title="De sideynhâld sjen litte [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oerlis:Underkast&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Oerlis oer de sideynhâld (noch net skreaun) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Oerlis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Taalfariant feroarje" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Frysk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Werjeften"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Underkast"><span>Lêze</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Underkast&veaction=edit" title="Dizze side bewurkje [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Bewurkje</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Underkast&action=edit" title="De boarnekoade fan dizze side bewurkje [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Boarne bewurkje</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Underkast&action=history" title="Eardere ferzjes fan dizze side [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Skiednis besjen</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Helpmiddels" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Helpmiddels</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Helpmiddels</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">nei sydbalke ferplakke</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ferbergje</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mear opsjes" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Underkast"><span>Lêze</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Underkast&veaction=edit" title="Dizze side bewurkje [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Bewurkje</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Underkast&action=edit" title="De boarnekoade fan dizze side bewurkje [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Boarne bewurkje</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Underkast&action=history"><span>Skiednis besjen</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemien </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiki:Wat_is_hjirmei_keppele/Underkast" title="List fan alle siden dy't nei dizze side ferwize [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Hjirmei keppele</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiki:Folgje_keppelings/Underkast" rel="nofollow" title="De lêste feroarings yn siden dêr't dizze side nei ferwiist [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Keppelings folgje</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiki:Bys%C3%BBndere_siden" title="List fan alle bysûndere siden [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Bysûndere siden</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Underkast&oldid=1020936" title="Bliuwende keppeling nei dizze ferzje fan 'e side"><span>Fêste keppeling</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Underkast&action=info" title="Mear ynformaasje oer dizze side"><span>Sidegegevens</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiki:Sitearje&page=Underkast&id=1020936&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Op hokker wize dizze side sitearre wurde kin"><span>Dizze side sitearje</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiki:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffy.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUnderkast"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiki:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffy.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUnderkast"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ofdrukke/eksportearje </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiki:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Underkast"><span>Boek meitsje</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiki:DownloadAsPdf&page=Underkast&action=show-download-screen"><span>Ynlade as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Underkast&printable=yes" title="Ofdrukferzje fan dizze side [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Ofdrukferzje</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Yn oare projekten </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lower_case_letters" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8185162" title="Keppeling nei it ferbûne dataopslachitem [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">nei sydbalke ferplakke</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ferbergje</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Ut Wikipedy</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fy" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:Metal_movable_type.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Metal_movable_type.jpg/220px-Metal_movable_type.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Metal_movable_type.jpg/330px-Metal_movable_type.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Metal_movable_type.jpg/440px-Metal_movable_type.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1520" /></a><figcaption>Setheak op in letterkast</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Underkast</b>, ek wol <b>minuskel</b> neamd, is yn de <a href="/wiki/Typografy" title="Typografy">typografy</a> de oantsjutting foar de <b>lytse letters</b>, dy't foar <a href="/wiki/Boppekast" title="Boppekast">boppekast</a> (ek wol haadletters, kapitalen of majuskel neamd). In Foarbyld: </p> <ul><li>DIT IS BOPPEKAST</li> <li>dit is ûnderkast</li></ul> <p>De namme <i>ûnderkast</i> hat syn komôf út de grafyske yndustry yn de tiid doe't der noch yn <a href="/wiki/Lead_(elemint)" title="Lead (elemint)">lead</a> setten waard. De letters waarden bewarre yn in <a href="/wiki/Letterkast" title="Letterkast">letterkast</a>, in laad mei in soad fakken. De kast waard op de bok setten en dêrnei waarden de letters stik foar stik út de kast helle en setten. </p><p>Yn Nederlân wie it lange tiid, benammen yn de <a href="/wiki/Njoggentjinde_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Njoggentjinde iuw">njoggentjinde iuw</a> wenstich en bergje de letters fan in hichtemaat yn twa soarten kasten: de boppekast, dêr't de haadletters yn sieten, en de ûnderkast, dêr't de lytse letters yn sieten. It laad mei de haadletters hie yn de bok in fêste plak boppe it laad mei de lytse letters. De lytse letter krige de namme <i>ûnderkast</i>, dus nei it plak fan it laad yn de bok. </p><p>De ûnderkast is ûntstien út de lytse <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skriuwletter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skriuwletter (noch net skreaun)">skriuwletter</a>. Yn <a href="/wiki/670" title="670">670</a> waard der yn de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdij_fan_Luxueil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdij fan Luxueil (noch net skreaun)">Abdij fan Luxueil</a> it earste skrift mei <i>lytse letters</i> skreaun, dy't neffens foarm ferskilden mei de haadletters. Yn de tiid fan <a href="/wiki/Karel_de_Grutte" title="Karel de Grutte">Karel de Grutte</a> waard de <a href="/wiki/Karolingyske_minuskel" title="Karolingyske minuskel">Karolingyske minuskel</a> ûntwikkele. Doe wie der noch gjin sprake fan letterkasten, want skriften waarden doe mei de hân skreaun. It ferskil yn foarm fan de letters waard lykwols oernaam by de ûntwikkeling fan de <a href="/wiki/Boekdrukkeunst" title="Boekdrukkeunst">boekdrukkeunst</a>, sa om <a href="/wiki/1450" title="1450">1450</a> hinne. </p><p>Fan de foarm en yndieling fan letterkasten bestiene in soad farianten. De ferskillende talen, sa as bygelyks <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BAtsk" title="Dútsk">Dútsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A2nsk" title="Frânsk">Frânsk</a> en <a href="/wiki/Ingelsk" title="Ingelsk">Ingelsk</a> hiene in grut ferskil yn letterfrekwinsjes en it brûken fan aksinten. Dat late ta dat romten, dy't foar de letters yn de kasten ornearre wiene, ferskillend waarden. Sa ûntstiene der grutte ferskillen tusken de letterkasten fan de ferskillende lannen. </p><p>Letterkasten dy't mei lead folle wiene, waarden al tige swier, benammen fan de gruttere hichtematen dy't al gau 30 oant 40 kilo weegje koene. Troch de letter oer twa kasten te ferdielen, koe it gewicht wat beheind holden wurde. Yn de <a href="/wiki/Tweintichste_iuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Tweintichste iuw">tweintichste iuw</a> waarden de twa laden gearfoege yn ien laad; de <i>trijfearnskast</i>. Dochs wiene der noch wol gruttere, en dus swierdere, kasten, dy't oeral troch de iuwen hinne brûkt waarden. </p><p>De term <i>minuskel</i> waard benammen brûkt foar letters dy't mei de hân skreaun wiene (<a href="/wiki/Kalligrafy" title="Kalligrafy">kalligrafy</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sjoch_ek">Sjoch ek</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Underkast&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Dielside bewurkje: Sjoch ek" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Underkast&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Sjoch ek"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karolingyske_minuskel" title="Karolingyske minuskel">Karolingyske minuskel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligatuer" title="Ligatuer">Ligatuer</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Opfrege fan "<a dir="ltr" href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Underkast&oldid=1020936">https://fy.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Underkast&oldid=1020936</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wiki:Kategoryen" title="Wiki:Kategoryen">Kategoryen</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategory:Typografy" title="Kategory:Typografy">Typografy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategory:Letter" title="Kategory:Letter">Letter</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Dizze side is it lêst bewurke op 24 okt 2020 om 15.44.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beskikber ûnder de lisinsje <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fy">Creative Commons Nammefermelding-Lyk diele</a>; der kinne oanfoljende betingsten fan tapassing wêze. 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