CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91362fb3e9fa81aa',cH: 'kjQ7A6eietBYXZUMNyrHAGa5ufd1PgzfwVFV_2YbegI-1739799596-1.2.1.1-SjSyXGCxJcL.BEhoj75Z39xI_d1QbAEWvpimirf2a1SLV9CE8tWqlGQANFDuas_5',cUPMDTk: "\/search?q=Model%20Reduction&__cf_chl_tk=lbPA5IanRPMpdiAdsjgMyvMcbpYfuoSO99jNdTnIZkg-1739799596-1.0.1.1-HaT0gP9mpGG0UyMLiWZbm.GgqvtPHLypvEaAU6Ih3YU",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739799596',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/search?q=Model%20Reduction&__cf_chl_f_tk=lbPA5IanRPMpdiAdsjgMyvMcbpYfuoSO99jNdTnIZkg-1739799596-1.0.1.1-HaT0gP9mpGG0UyMLiWZbm.GgqvtPHLypvEaAU6Ih3YU",md: "ffhvifl8t8wb8VjRdxGlMvvw36f1PKRM2KYbUDfY8oQ-1739799596-1.2.1.1-M54qptuuPHTVEB.nlRzj4lEnwaunxlK_VI3UhZFMBC.YiPsT6Sn6wg9pfzBB1Fb0qyyuWQBvKey_q.OWVn8b.SIi7zRQAwK3f_1IlpcRMiMDxWwLLkpPEqqLNjb6C8nch6NYz_wp1AIx6mREFi2ukBBescTOiH9e5VF0BVM2ChwWfUsq5BxsDMEHqPSWkvwgeT3BVO9MUqQNF5K0SUZNw_ZhbvmYAo113AftilwTKumenYN6yiwuzPFKciArD2ogfR3WHD.Js958kwQYxF2nHNfXKNlOo_v4zLI7rs4ltE9V8DKZposN7apjIDjd8Ys_usO_AdEr6uNUTPNvK7iSuOaFbsbMwHL8l3s7CLeGRYfq0Uvw.TS3J4SY_htJEvFwrIKSLOB_3tbKfY_1bFOKVRF84HpcHRz68eJHwSYcTRZGLlHgI7OzTkj08fyGwJ9QcKTYoBIab2wcNHNyCjTuv39Ar5zJ5yB1O5VDPpTbUP3.vRXX6.a7mEp3J668CcYqqdka1tnBRTxIEpw6_a84gHdeYlm9lb6uSlwTd.7CfoJRVT8SvOxS._JYGQV4r9xaUUI8CvJXdkajVU.3tPPuvn..j5bG8mNU6toQmBs4_OYkBsFvdeJY1LTTdBiUi3tC8AHps6qHcag1kF20aRG_H.2mQuW3ee6e_3maHXknjbW9f7DYuEVoMJ.Rv4hTUL0tmUyI8YidJIJ.XX2LqcNC0XRjiYI2UD3k3rnGuRObQQJvIjDSFtnonK024xXUKzzFPYIrgBHCIXooPNrmSeM8msfTw1dWarKxglrcstDBwpkt5c9ToovsFCi4A4wZItjJ6PiyNAqaWNsW1IZ3yHbv3h0rGbKdVaeVaqCS5DbguAuK0ndnsVpJMIIwTQr8pG3c0fxzWHYzAFu9LYWdTUwG7oe5EjMIS9H4CKAXz5MVvkVDzsnnBIcj2_Gl7NK.eT9cs0lt4GYXX7BoAL834Ho0ksk4uBZGoaJ_WB6Rax7uu1Y.WbIKFriC6J0333PRLPWYTeVTKLjeAO8GbN39h9QFlOY6fb7erLDKlRmyH3OSEbHWO1kr6tuyBLz1m_VckyftZxGd3YXP.5z7dzvTU3CBptsjEVRiKFf4tiVkrlKLYkVEvv6caZG5UfA66T1kDWybJd1g7r1Gd8n9Up.EZIjC4Y7Qm_zPd2qTQVCroqBCu2AKGnYUEZmvNZvOi2che6vQlpR3aDO3goECsZAPYeCFqlSIiw_3Kcv4.H9TZNNak_1PPuYCqK2Om7H9xhL89lKERpxYZY1_QwMmlT37vzFYdVSM1hptHTGpKJhO81ef1dBcI89uEuhsNV2A6vh2cyWT.H09AAR5fa00T7vLczmk0PlzjbdfTFssmBLiWrofxv.udyCgGuT_Pn9Sq6sLIjGhNelVdLO55utWCvv65KyNrGCzF2XHsGcjBtU6msl1a07RrY.gv4Fba.TE570ur94AxoQ738tn9FeHihCEnKGk5YPjwK8vjmpPwGLJK7wKRs2777CHjNO1jV.5ucWg8MhgH_9jW.m7TufLhoLi9FEKEj6xwaveYjJW__MI50srjKhTzqt40DHdtY8f9iwc4wuJCNLKt4KQjoh1PZ2tau9k672p38lxEFlCaVki5dlFmr0NBrlnn5_TT4hhCO_dgzWyLV4FVC1SjjRwe6xSI0rePNjTlN4Zho4oCvV44umMCZ75zvJBTRYXm2YT1UydQP2HRFfccmG2HBbo.WV.gHsNW.DUU4QtTtUPPKnUW0L7SjDD_WLAClgtJ7ul3KMV3MOwTA.TjldJm5U4DuXvLRuYYk2n8wuYT1GJGZ1GzDshtiy1RiogisaTjWpdNHrNXY2RcE5t2U2HPSeRGfPvZQSNq2mM4UMdYVNplzhSPVEXQxX_ycPuWMnmGqf7mexTyUkN6vd6DrRMYIG7wxI9xHs19g",mdrd: "yGvXfxziRUYoi8OruR4pEQxvaonYBhIUkTTt4uS3SK0-1739799596-1.2.1.1-xoLsmnceaREZJeITPJ6JOJqFwwyiL0xUYzZqXAHGvfDaS2qy2ycaKlev5e1jF8J9..ytXwqyJoCnmfiYWT13EbqK97RmCTjxYPM9NhI3SnxDENIY_kjACGz7.0NcHsq8YGcH1p1Byqi.FD5WQ3CYHE15eSdz4.jdj1qu_QTUIDtyHIPvpF79U.iid8iFxFEW2PvGRgYHARp51TmstPBof3_YKJ8HztHcwwLtDKB1hAYAkA_zVaLQQqRRVdhVlwxfH5DMk7CZ9dYJXWrIqQ999RuYUjkpdulXLcOZM.JMe.urQwy4f7ThaJFfXt.Gc1ROEFpEBye33u00IeXct3mIihsEGjRQhIyeF0O7_ncu.H9JRMGU8ibNt5zYvtu0Zc271SZOW3uVTE5RrIM9TTb9TLuDjWGweYsPora9ihkxSt7X.3FCrOVYLHoapF_hghf_9_RFEUVvRpSY7l7mMvRWJOciQtBUlscoDOiz3Uubcsz0l3SvvX7n6_Cksqjmjet44hzdK_hTIXDIep6kf8r7BmxNCBPpyTDbKBnme4fvgUG4jg2pepL016BgUz5.ZA9jx2Iot9keR_BaRZTK0mZ3XIkjyZC1WxvKMYR4GB_REXTJeaTTXwJJyOD2GVag2hcJ22UVKnHD5w4UxaYvxCdDOYjnYraGHrH3rxAvd8xbNBqh.5ffgTdzHa335Ri3rnPVbKMiiDx.ntnqrnAkliUMOYAlClN2y3NyEPWdOQGWo0UwMYZZ4pnLFer8gV5oJdC6mNML1NfXW4TeoLcT0TDD5bWHb_33ly84rOwxgIfkdIgaQurYV4xUiZiJkKPUXsJkNJyYLJimrWapfo6EMVVN3qmrP9QShDeqEjxEcXIEJLTnpdS5ouAEGkDNj3AdTLx3C9r0LsnxlBlSY_AGxSaU5o.jYshAxt965JRGqDC3I3BIno_aIEwP.libG_ZqaPXAezSIfHle3Ep.C9BprtPqG1XKcJUN0hyjLx1cH67A0KdWqW3cvNeIMjIfblMoPB8MDZR8l1wj7.K5dlTEmmHDq2gFQ0e7zeu9mWvJR720pwkZVLqF4QRRWeiLYYKwne8.oQssWo2Cl_cDNKTc9voePvq_hDFH2ZYAtHGT2deIdG_AmAUKO3yLHUxKICJgMGorXFp4Ck8HecqBYvEFsCwQCPi2K4pV1omDYWcoOm2VG6T4YmiqdduQnSd307zvOpllIibqC7N1KlTi5cMlRVuV.S7oYY52TKdp60LUqs.VpJcwmGmaIfkQ30pw0yXhpbXivs3EMcGAJoH9aQ1azo2pX0T00cuQ7tHUsDCpeouMhMPn3VkoWtVwAIfMp.8UP5AeLiXiWb2lGQK86VeEThs.Iv8l1b96AianDLeuL96OyHh9_nFAZRU9CAZrVJ64u25zttrtSJVNIjvfh8_SYUpTyGYaICURJ_UR3JvVLGvxIUWX0KdWHfquIiXO6pqu99woHA7HV6d1b2kR1hK9SAfEQMgCuCXbta3A18rquWCPDWlVutYB95S4dUg7NTuzpHIBTs4eUWzpYwszgckW8rCG9GQNANfvA3CG7hbOp3Xyo8FEZB80E4UB489iaCG0RaNoOmn.p2k0MqrV41y2xAoqYUMpKPd4kCgUQ0kjTeoWqIMTPXlKzpmCVEcUypf_r4BmnNwzQh9_cthhEKTuAeDJKgEo1GBdoVMcoQwLUkZcSVHzvPRo8U95kQrCU6EOgddbsH05MlWfmZEw6AFM78b2olIChi6JcpnsRHp9._G0H3Lz3z.pQGAOTzslKA0w4q95NGWbcDvr_u9943ddLRnCJbL5oXaAi1GZyWn.i.2jiLMbig.DsCCDgtfjj85NomjE6ByU07wcqI5AU7fncArPDeuyA.z0qdVcOY307GNh4KnDmvyV4zt9eUMTqKJ4j46MBGI5ya8VSIPkRGmdAkM6dzVy8O_w2dX.LifgkpwBFA7.s8DSr4bX4doLYUHVoz0OIjvhpZidchiYTA0QHWA_yw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91362fb3e9fa81aa';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/search?q=Model%20Reduction&__cf_chl_rt_tk=lbPA5IanRPMpdiAdsjgMyvMcbpYfuoSO99jNdTnIZkg-1739799596-1.0.1.1-HaT0gP9mpGG0UyMLiWZbm.GgqvtPHLypvEaAU6Ih3YU" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>