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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reformation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reformation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Reformation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reformation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stuart_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stuart_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Stuart period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stuart_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Union_with_the_Church_of_Ireland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Union_with_the_Church_of_Ireland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Union with the Church of Ireland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Union_with_the_Church_of_Ireland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Overseas_developments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overseas_developments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Overseas developments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overseas_developments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Early 21st century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Deposition_from_holy_orders_overturned" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deposition_from_holy_orders_overturned"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.1</span> <span>Deposition from holy orders overturned</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deposition_from_holy_orders_overturned-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Continued_decline_in_attendance_and_church_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Continued_decline_in_attendance_and_church_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.2</span> <span>Continued decline in attendance and church response</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Continued_decline_in_attendance_and_church_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Low_salaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Low_salaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.3</span> <span>Low salaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Low_salaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Impact_of_COVID-19_pandemic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impact_of_COVID-19_pandemic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Impact of COVID-19 pandemic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Impact_of_COVID-19_pandemic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Doctrine_and_practice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Doctrine_and_practice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Doctrine and practice</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Doctrine_and_practice-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Doctrine and practice subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Doctrine_and_practice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Worship_and_liturgy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Worship_and_liturgy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Worship and liturgy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Worship_and_liturgy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Women's_ministry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Women's_ministry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Women's ministry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Women's_ministry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Same-sex_unions_and_LGBT_clergy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Same-sex_unions_and_LGBT_clergy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Same-sex unions and LGBT clergy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Same-sex_unions_and_LGBT_clergy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bioethics_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bioethics_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Bioethics issues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bioethics_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_work" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_work"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Social work</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Social_work-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Social work subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Social_work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Church_Urban_Fund" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Church_Urban_Fund"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Church Urban Fund</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Church_Urban_Fund-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Child_poverty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Child_poverty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Child poverty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Child_poverty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Action_on_hunger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Action_on_hunger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Action on hunger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Action_on_hunger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Membership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Membership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Membership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Membership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personnel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personnel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Personnel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personnel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Structure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Structure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Structure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Primates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diocesan_bishops" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diocesan_bishops"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Diocesan bishops</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diocesan_bishops-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Representative_bodies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Representative_bodies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Representative bodies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Representative_bodies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-House_of_Lords" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#House_of_Lords"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>House of Lords</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-House_of_Lords-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crown_Dependencies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crown_Dependencies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Crown Dependencies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crown_Dependencies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sex_abuse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sex_abuse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sex abuse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sex_abuse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funding_and_finances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funding_and_finances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Funding and finances</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funding_and_finances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Online_church_directories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Online_church_directories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Online church directories</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Online_church_directories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Church of England</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 86 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-86" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">86 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerk_van_Engeland" title="Kerk van Engeland – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kerk van Engeland" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelcirice" title="Angelcirice – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Angelcirice" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="كنيسة إنجلترا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كنيسة إنجلترا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilesia_d%27Inglaterra" title="Ilesia d'Inglaterra – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ilesia d'Inglaterra" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anqlikan_kils%C9%99si" title="Anqlikan kilsəsi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Anqlikan kilsəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%96" title="Царква Англіі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Царква Англіі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simbahan_kan_Inglatera" title="Simbahan kan Inglatera – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Simbahan kan Inglatera" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Църква на Англия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Църква на Англия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crkva_Engleske" title="Crkva Engleske – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Crkva Engleske" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iliz_Bro-Saoz" title="Iliz Bro-Saoz – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Iliz Bro-Saoz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esgl%C3%A9sia_d%27Anglaterra" title="Església d'Anglaterra – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Església d'Anglaterra" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglik%C3%A1nsk%C3%A1_c%C3%ADrkev" title="Anglikánská církev – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Anglikánská církev" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eglwys_Loegr" title="Eglwys Loegr – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Eglwys Loegr" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_engelske_kirke" title="Den engelske kirke – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Den engelske kirke" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Church of England" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inglismaa_Kirik" title="Inglismaa Kirik – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Inglismaa Kirik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BA%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%B3%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Εκκλησία της Αγγλίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εκκλησία της Αγγλίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iglesia_de_Inglaterra" title="Iglesia de Inglaterra – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Iglesia de Inglaterra" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eklezio_de_Anglio" title="Eklezio de Anglio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Eklezio de Anglio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingalaterrako_Eliza" title="Ingalaterrako Eliza – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ingalaterrako Eliza" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کلیسای انگلستان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کلیسای انگلستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89glise_d%27Angleterre" title="Église d'Angleterre – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Église d'Angleterre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglikaanske_Tsjerke" title="Anglikaanske Tsjerke – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Anglikaanske Tsjerke" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eaglais_Shasana" title="Eaglais Shasana – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Eaglais Shasana" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agglish_Hostyn" title="Agglish Hostyn – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Agglish Hostyn" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igrexa_de_Inglaterra" title="Igrexa de Inglaterra – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Igrexa de Inglaterra" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%89%EA%B8%80%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C_%EA%B5%AD%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="잉글랜드 국교회 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="잉글랜드 국교회" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="इंग्लैंड का कलीसिया – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इंग्लैंड का कलीसिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engleska_crkva" title="Engleska crkva – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Engleska crkva" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gereja_Inggris" title="Gereja Inggris – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gereja Inggris" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecclesia_de_Anglaterra" title="Ecclesia de Anglaterra – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ecclesia de Anglaterra" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enska_biskupakirkjan" title="Enska biskupakirkjan – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Enska biskupakirkjan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiesa_anglicana" title="Chiesa anglicana – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chiesa anglicana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="הכנסייה האנגליקנית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הכנסייה האנגליקנית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8_%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9A%E0%B3%81" title="ಇಂಗ್ಲೆಂಡಿನ ಚರ್ಚು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಇಂಗ್ಲೆಂಡಿನ ಚರ್ಚು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%88%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%96" title="Англия шіркеуі – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Англия шіркеуі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eglos_Pow_Sows" title="Eglos Pow Sows – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Eglos Pow Sows" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecclesia_Anglicana" title="Ecclesia Anglicana – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ecclesia Anglicana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglijas_Bazn%C4%ABca" title="Anglijas Baznīca – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Anglijas Baznīca" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eglesa_de_England" title="Eglesa de England – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Eglesa de England" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Church of England" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Црква на Англија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Црква на Англија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiangonan%27_i_Angletera" title="Fiangonan' i Angletera – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiangonan' i Angletera" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D" title="ചർച്ച് ഓഫ് ഇംഗ്ലണ്ട് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചർച്ച് ഓഫ് ഇംഗ്ലണ്ട്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A_%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%AB_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="चर्च ऑफ इंग्लंड – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="चर्च ऑफ इंग्लंड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="كنيسة انجلترا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كنيسة انجلترا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazhab_Gereja_England" title="Mazhab Gereja England – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mazhab Gereja England" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B9%E1%80%82%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%80%80%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9E%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA" title="အင်္ဂလီကန်အသင်းတော် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အင်္ဂလီကန်အသင်းတော်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglicaanse_Kerk" title="Anglicaanse Kerk – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Anglicaanse Kerk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E4%BC%9A" title="イングランド国教会 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イングランド国教会" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_engelske_kirke" title="Den engelske kirke – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den engelske kirke" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_engelske_kyrkja" title="Den engelske kyrkja – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Den engelske kyrkja" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89glyise_d%27Angli%C3%A9t%C3%A8rre" title="Églyise d'Angliétèrre – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Églyise d'Angliétèrre" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglikan_cherkovi" title="Anglikan cherkovi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Anglikan cherkovi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A1_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9A" title="ਇੰਗਲੈਂਡ ਦਾ ਚਰਚ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇੰਗਲੈਂਡ ਦਾ ਚਰਚ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%B1%DA%86_%D8%A2%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="چرچ آف انگلینڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="چرچ آف انگلینڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AB%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="د انګلستان کليسا – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د انګلستان کليسا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_Anglii" title="Kościół Anglii – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kościół Anglii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igreja_da_Inglaterra" title="Igreja da Inglaterra – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Igreja da Inglaterra" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biserica_Anglican%C4%83" title="Biserica Anglicană – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Biserica Anglicană" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8C_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Церковь Англии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Церковь Англии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirk_o_Ingland" title="Kirk o Ingland – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Kirk o Ingland" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisha_Anglikane" title="Kisha Anglikane – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kisha Anglikane" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiesa_Anglicana" title="Chiesa Anglicana – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Chiesa Anglicana" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%91%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="එංගලන්ත සභාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="එංගලන්ත සභාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Church of England" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglik%C3%A1nska_cirkev_(Church_of_England)" title="Anglikánska cirkev (Church of England) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Anglikánska cirkev (Church of England)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglikanska_cerkev" title="Anglikanska cerkev – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Anglikanska cerkev" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DA%B5%DB%8E%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="کڵێسای ئینگلتەرا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کڵێسای ئینگلتەرا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Црква Енглеске – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Црква Енглеске" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crkva_Engleske" title="Crkva Engleske – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Crkva Engleske" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englannin_kirkko" title="Englannin kirkko – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Englannin kirkko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engelska_kyrkan" title="Engelska kyrkan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Engelska kyrkan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simbahan_ng_Inglatera" title="Simbahan ng Inglatera – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Simbahan ng Inglatera" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%88" title="இங்கிலாந்து திருச்சபை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இங்கிலாந்து திருச்சபை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9" title="คริสตจักรแห่งอังกฤษ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คริสตจักรแห่งอังกฤษ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0ngiltere_Kilisesi" title="İngiltere Kilisesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İngiltere Kilisesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%97" title="Церква Англії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Церква Англії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کلیسیائے انگلستان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کلیسیائے انگلستان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%C3%A1o_h%E1%BB%99i_Anh" title="Giáo hội Anh – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Giáo hội Anh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eglijhe_anglicane" title="Eglijhe anglicane – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Eglijhe anglicane" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singbahan_han_Inglattera" title="Singbahan han Inglattera – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Singbahan han Inglattera" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%A3%E5%85%AC%E4%BC%9A" title="英国圣公会 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="英国圣公会" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cj%E1%BB%8D_il%E1%BA%B9%CC%80_Il%E1%BA%B9%CC%80g%E1%BA%B9%CC%80%E1%BA%B9%CC%81s%C3%AC" title="Ìjọ ilẹ̀ Ilẹ̀gẹ̀ẹ́sì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìjọ ilẹ̀ Ilẹ̀gẹ̀ẹ́sì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%9C%83" title="英格蘭教會 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="英格蘭教會" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%9C%83" title="英格蘭教會 – Chinese" lang="zh" 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.hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"C of E" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Europe" title="Council of Europe">Council of Europe</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"English church" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/English_church_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="English church (disambiguation)">English church (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width: 24em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;">Church of England</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_of_the_Church_of_England.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Logo_of_the_Church_of_England.svg/200px-Logo_of_the_Church_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Logo_of_the_Church_of_England.svg/300px-Logo_of_the_Church_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Logo_of_the_Church_of_England.svg/400px-Logo_of_the_Church_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data">C of E</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Classification</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Orientation</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Theology</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anglican_doctrine" title="Anglican doctrine">Anglican doctrine</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_polity" title="Ecclesiastical polity">Polity</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_polity" title="Episcopal polity">Episcopal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Governor_of_the_Church_of_England" title="Supreme Governor of the Church of England">Supreme governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Primates_in_the_Anglican_Communion" title="Primates in the Anglican Communion">Primate</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Vacant (since 12 November 2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Associations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Porvoo_Communion" title="Porvoo Communion">Porvoo Communion</a><br /><a href="/wiki/World_Council_of_Churches" title="World Council of Churches">World Council of Churches</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Region</th><td class="infobox-data">England, Wales (cross-border parishes)<br /><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands" title="Channel Islands">Channel Islands</a><br />Continental Europe<br /><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Liturgy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1662)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1662)">1662 <i>Book of Common Prayer</i></a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Common_Worship" title="Common Worship">Common Worship</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Church_House,_Westminster" title="Church House, Westminster">Church House, Westminster</a>, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Canterbury" title="Augustine of Canterbury">Augustine of Canterbury</a> <br />(united the early English church under <a href="/wiki/Papal_supremacy" title="Papal supremacy">papal jurisdiction</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII" title="Henry VIII">Henry VIII</a> <br />(separated the church from papal jurisdiction)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer" title="Thomas Cranmer">Thomas Cranmer</a> <br />(author of the first liturgical rites of the church during the <a href="/wiki/English_Reformation" title="English Reformation">English Reformation</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Schism" title="Schism">Separated from</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a><br />(1534)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Separations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/English_Dissenters" title="English Dissenters">English Dissenters</a><br />(1534 onwards)<br /><a href="/wiki/Puritans" title="Puritans">Puritans</a> (17th century)<br /><a href="/wiki/Methodists" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodists">Methodists</a> (18th century)<br /><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren" title="Plymouth Brethren">Plymouth Brethren</a> (1820s)<br /><a href="/wiki/Free_Church_of_England" title="Free Church of England">Free Church of England</a> (1844)<br /><a href="/wiki/Ordinariate_of_Our_Lady_of_Walsingham" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham">Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham</a> (2011)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Members</th><td class="infobox-data">26 million (baptised; 2016)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Other name(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Anglican Church</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofengland.org/">www<wbr />.churchofengland<wbr />.org</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82708#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Church of England</b> (<b>C of E</b>) is the <a href="/wiki/State_religion#State_churches" title="State religion">established</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations" title="List of Christian denominations">Christian church</a> in <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a>. It is the origin of the <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a> <a href="/wiki/Christian_tradition" title="Christian tradition">tradition</a>, which combines features of both <a href="/wiki/Reformed_Christianity" title="Reformed Christianity">Reformed</a> and <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> Christian practices. Its adherents are called <i>Anglicans</i>. </p><p>English Christianity traces its history to the Christian hierarchy recorded as existing in the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Britain" title="Roman Britain">Roman province of Britain</a> by the 3rd century and to the 6th-century <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_mission" title="Gregorian mission">Gregorian mission</a> to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kent" title="Kingdom of Kent">Kent</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Canterbury" title="Augustine of Canterbury">Augustine of Canterbury</a>. It renounced <a href="/wiki/Papal" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal">papal</a> authority in 1534, when <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII" title="Henry VIII">King Henry VIII</a> failed to secure a papal <a href="/wiki/Annulment" title="Annulment">annulment</a> of his marriage to <a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Aragon" title="Catherine of Aragon">Catherine of Aragon</a>. The <a href="/wiki/English_Reformation" title="English Reformation">English Reformation</a> accelerated under the regents of his successor, King <a href="/wiki/Edward_VI" title="Edward VI">Edward VI</a>, before a brief <a href="/wiki/Second_Statute_of_Repeal" title="Second Statute of Repeal">restoration of papal authority</a> under <a href="/wiki/Mary_I_of_England" title="Mary I of England">Queen Mary I</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">King Philip</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Supremacy_1558" title="Act of Supremacy 1558">Act of Supremacy 1558</a> renewed the breach, and the <a href="/wiki/Elizabethan_Settlement" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabethan Settlement">Elizabethan Settlement</a> (implemented 1559–1563), mostly ended the English reformation, and charted a course enabling the English church to describe itself as both Reformed <i>and</i> Catholic, that is still foundational to the current Anglican Church. </p><p>In the earlier phase of the <a href="/wiki/English_Reformation" title="English Reformation">English Reformation</a> there were both <a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_martyrs_of_the_English_Reformation" title="List of Catholic martyrs of the English Reformation">Roman Catholic martyrs</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Protestant_martyrs_of_the_English_Reformation" title="List of Protestant martyrs of the English Reformation">Protestant</a> martyrs. The later phases saw the <a href="/wiki/English_Penal_Laws" class="mw-redirect" title="English Penal Laws">Penal Laws</a> punish <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nonconformist_(Protestantism)" title="Nonconformist (Protestantism)">nonconforming Protestants</a>. In the 17th century, the <a href="/wiki/Puritan" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan">Puritan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</a> factions continued to challenge the leadership of the church, which under the <a href="/wiki/Stuarts" class="mw-redirect" title="Stuarts">Stuarts</a> veered towards a more Catholic interpretation of the Elizabethan Settlement, especially under Archbishop <a href="/wiki/William_Laud" title="William Laud">Laud</a> and the rise of the concept of Anglicanism as a <i><a href="/wiki/Via_media" title="Via media">via media</a></i> between Roman Catholicism and radical Protestantism. After the victory of the <a href="/wiki/Roundhead" title="Roundhead">Parliamentarians</a>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer" title="Book of Common Prayer">Book of Common Prayer</a></i> was abolished and the Presbyterian and Independent factions dominated. The <a href="/wiki/Episcopacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Episcopacy">episcopacy</a> was abolished in 1646 but the <a href="/wiki/Restoration_(1660)" class="mw-redirect" title="Restoration (1660)">Restoration</a> restored the Church of England, episcopacy and the <i>Book of Common Prayer</i>. Papal recognition of <a href="/wiki/George_III" title="George III">George III</a> in 1766 led to greater <a href="/wiki/Religious_tolerance" title="Religious tolerance">religious tolerance</a>. </p><p>Since the English Reformation, the Church of England has used the <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English language</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Liturgy" title="Liturgy">liturgy</a>. As a <a href="/wiki/Broad_church" title="Broad church">broad church</a>, the Church of England contains several doctrinal strands: the main traditions are known as <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Catholic#Practices_and_beliefs" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Catholic">Anglo-Catholic</a>, <a href="/wiki/High_church" title="High church">high church</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_churchmanship" title="Central churchmanship">central church</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Low_church" title="Low church">low church</a>, the latter producing a growing <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Anglicanism" title="Evangelical Anglicanism">evangelical</a> wing. Tensions between theological <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Christianity" title="Conservative Christianity">conservatives</a> and <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Christianity" title="Liberal Christianity">liberals</a> find expression in debates over the <a href="/wiki/Ordination_of_women_in_the_Anglican_Communion" title="Ordination of women in the Anglican Communion">ordination of women</a> and <a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_and_the_Anglican_Communion" title="Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion">homosexuality</a>. The <a href="/wiki/British_monarch" class="mw-redirect" title="British monarch">British monarch</a> (currently <a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a>) is the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Governor_of_the_Church_of_England" title="Supreme Governor of the Church of England">supreme governor</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">archbishop of Canterbury</a> (vacant since 12 November 2024, most recently <a href="/wiki/Justin_Welby" title="Justin Welby">Justin Welby</a>) is the most senior <a href="/wiki/Cleric" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleric">cleric</a>. The governing structure of the church is based on <a href="/wiki/List_of_Church_of_England_dioceses" title="List of Church of England dioceses">dioceses</a>, each presided over by a bishop. Within each diocese are local parishes. The <a href="/wiki/General_Synod_of_the_Church_of_England" title="General Synod of the Church of England">General Synod of the Church of England</a> is the legislative body for the church and comprises bishops, other clergy and <a href="/wiki/Laity" title="Laity">laity</a>. Its <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England_measure" title="Church of England measure">measures</a> must be approved by the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Church_of_England" title="History of the Church of England">History of the Church of England</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hereford_Cathedral_Nave,_Herefordshire,_UK_-_Diliff.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Hereford_Cathedral_Nave%2C_Herefordshire%2C_UK_-_Diliff.jpg/220px-Hereford_Cathedral_Nave%2C_Herefordshire%2C_UK_-_Diliff.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Hereford_Cathedral_Nave%2C_Herefordshire%2C_UK_-_Diliff.jpg/330px-Hereford_Cathedral_Nave%2C_Herefordshire%2C_UK_-_Diliff.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Hereford_Cathedral_Nave%2C_Herefordshire%2C_UK_-_Diliff.jpg/440px-Hereford_Cathedral_Nave%2C_Herefordshire%2C_UK_-_Diliff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9999" data-file-height="7435" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hereford_Cathedral" title="Hereford Cathedral">Hereford Cathedral</a> is one of the church's 43 cathedrals; many have histories stretching back centuries</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Medieval_England" title="Religion in Medieval England">Religion in Medieval England</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Saxon Christianity">Anglo-Saxon Christianity</a></div> <p>There is evidence for <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Roman_Britain" title="Christianity in Roman Britain">Christianity in Roman Britain</a> as early as the 3rd century. After the fall of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>, England was conquered by the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxons" title="Anglo-Saxons">Anglo-Saxons</a>, who were <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_paganism" title="Anglo-Saxon paganism">pagans</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Celtic_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Celtic church">Celtic church</a> was confined to Cornwall and Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoorman19733–4,_9_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoorman19733–4,_9-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 597, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_I" title="Pope Gregory I">Pope Gregory I</a> sent missionaries to England to <a href="/wiki/Christianisation_of_Anglo-Saxon_England" title="Christianisation of Anglo-Saxon England">Christianise the Anglo-Saxons</a>. This mission was led by <a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Canterbury" title="Augustine of Canterbury">Augustine</a>, who became the first <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">archbishop of Canterbury</a>. The Church of England considers 597 the start of its formal history.<sup id="cite_ref-DetailedHistory_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DetailedHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria">Northumbria</a>, Celtic missionaries competed with their Roman counterparts. The Celtic and Roman churches disagreed over the <a href="/wiki/Easter_controversy" title="Easter controversy">date of Easter</a>, baptismal customs, and the style of <a href="/wiki/Tonsure" title="Tonsure">tonsure</a> worn by monks.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoorman197319_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoorman197319-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> King <a href="/wiki/Oswiu_of_Northumbria" class="mw-redirect" title="Oswiu of Northumbria">Oswiu of Northumbria</a> summoned the <a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Whitby" title="Synod of Whitby">Synod of Whitby</a> in 664. The king decided Northumbria would follow the Roman tradition because <a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Saint Peter</a> and his successors, the <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">bishops</a> of Rome, hold the <a href="/wiki/Keys_of_the_kingdom" title="Keys of the kingdom">keys of the kingdom</a> of heaven.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the <a href="/wiki/Late_Middle_Ages" title="Late Middle Ages">late Middle Ages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a> was an essential part of English life and culture. The 9,000 <a href="/wiki/Parish" title="Parish">parishes</a> covering all of England were overseen by a hierarchy of <a href="/wiki/Deanery" title="Deanery">deaneries</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archdeaconries" class="mw-redirect" title="Archdeaconries">archdeaconries</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diocese" title="Diocese">dioceses</a> led by bishops, and ultimately the pope who presided over the Catholic Church from Rome.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a11_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a11-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Catholicism taught that the <a href="/wiki/Contrite" class="mw-redirect" title="Contrite">contrite</a> person could cooperate with <a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a> towards their <a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">salvation</a> by performing <a href="/wiki/Merit_(Christianity)" title="Merit (Christianity)">good works</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Synergism" title="Synergism">synergism</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacCulloch1996210_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacCulloch1996210-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> God's <a href="/wiki/Grace_in_Christianity" title="Grace in Christianity">grace</a> was given through the <a href="/wiki/Sacraments_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Sacraments of the Catholic Church">seven sacraments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a7_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a7-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Mass_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Mass in the Catholic Church">Mass</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Priesthood_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Priesthood in the Catholic Church">priest</a> consecrated bread and wine to become the <a href="/wiki/Body_of_Christ" title="Body of Christ">body</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blood_of_Christ" title="Blood of Christ">blood of Christ</a> through <a href="/wiki/Transubstantiation" title="Transubstantiation">transubstantiation</a>. The church taught that, in the name of the congregation, the priest offered to God the same <a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">sacrifice of Christ on the cross</a> that provided <a href="/wiki/Atonement_in_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Atonement in Christianity">atonement</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_sin" title="Christian views on sin">sins</a> of humanity.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a8–9_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a8–9-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHefling202197–98_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHefling202197–98-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Mass was also an offering of prayer by which the living could help <a href="/wiki/Soul" title="Soul">souls</a> in <a href="/wiki/Purgatory" title="Purgatory">purgatory</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While <a href="/wiki/Sacrament_of_Penance" title="Sacrament of Penance">penance</a> removed the guilt attached to sin, Catholicism taught that a penalty still remained. It was believed that most people would end their lives with these penalties unsatisfied and would have to spend time in purgatory. Time in purgatory could be lessened through <a href="/wiki/Indulgence" title="Indulgence">indulgences</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prayers_for_the_dead" class="mw-redirect" title="Prayers for the dead">prayers for the dead</a>, which were made possible by the <a href="/wiki/Communion_of_saints" title="Communion of saints">communion of saints</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a16–17_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a16–17-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reformation">Reformation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Reformation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/English_Reformation" title="English Reformation">English Reformation</a></div> <p>In 1527, <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII" title="Henry VIII">Henry VIII</a> was desperate for a male heir and asked <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_VII" title="Pope Clement VII">Pope Clement VII</a> to annul his marriage to <a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Aragon" title="Catherine of Aragon">Catherine of Aragon</a>. When the pope refused, Henry used <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_England" title="Parliament of England">Parliament</a> to assert royal authority over the English church. In 1533, Parliament passed the <a href="/wiki/Statute_in_Restraint_of_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="Statute in Restraint of Appeals">Act in Restraint of Appeals</a>, barring legal cases from being appealed outside England. This allowed the Archbishop of Canterbury to annul the marriage without reference to Rome. In November 1534, the <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Supremacy_1534" class="mw-redirect" title="Act of Supremacy 1534">Act of Supremacy</a> formally abolished papal authority and declared Henry <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Head_of_the_Church_of_England" title="Supreme Head of the Church of England">Supreme Head of the Church of England</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShagan201729–31_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShagan201729–31-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Henry's religious beliefs remained aligned to traditional Catholicism throughout his reign, albeit with reformist aspects in the tradition of <a href="/wiki/Erasmus" title="Erasmus">Erasmus</a> and firm commitment to royal supremacy. In order to secure royal supremacy over the church, however, Henry allied himself with Protestants, who until that time had been treated as <a href="/wiki/Heretics" class="mw-redirect" title="Heretics">heretics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShagan201732_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShagan201732-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main doctrine of the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a> was <a href="/wiki/Sola_fide" title="Sola fide">justification by faith alone</a> rather than by good works.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHefling202196_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHefling202196-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The logical outcome of this belief is that the Mass, sacraments, charitable acts, <a href="/wiki/Prayer_to_saints" class="mw-redirect" title="Prayer to saints">prayers to saints</a>, prayers for the dead, pilgrimage, and the <a href="/wiki/Veneration_of_relics" class="mw-redirect" title="Veneration of relics">veneration of relics</a> do not mediate divine favour. To believe they can would be <a href="/wiki/Superstition" title="Superstition">superstition</a> at best and <a href="/wiki/Idolatry" title="Idolatry">idolatry</a> at worst.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHefling202197_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHefling202197-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a126_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a126-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1536 and 1540, Henry engaged in the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_monasteries" title="Dissolution of the monasteries">dissolution of the monasteries</a>, which controlled much of the richest land. He disbanded religious houses, appropriated their income, disposed of their assets, and provided pensions for the former residents. The properties were sold to pay for the wars. Historian <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bernard" title="George W. Bernard">George W. Bernard</a> argues: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The dissolution of the monasteries in the late 1530s was one of the most revolutionary events in English history. There were nearly 900 religious houses in England, around 260 for monks, 300 for regular canons, 142 nunneries and 183 friaries; some 12,000 people in total, 4,000 monks, 3,000 canons, 3,000 friars and 2,000 nuns....one adult man in fifty was in religious orders.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Cranmer_by_Gerlach_Flicke.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Thomas_Cranmer_by_Gerlach_Flicke.jpg/220px-Thomas_Cranmer_by_Gerlach_Flicke.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Thomas_Cranmer_by_Gerlach_Flicke.jpg/330px-Thomas_Cranmer_by_Gerlach_Flicke.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Thomas_Cranmer_by_Gerlach_Flicke.jpg/440px-Thomas_Cranmer_by_Gerlach_Flicke.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3129" /></a><figcaption>Thomas Cranmer was the first Protestant Archbishop of Canterbury and principal compiler of the <i>Book of Common Prayer</i></figcaption></figure> <p>In the reign of <a href="/wiki/Edward_VI" title="Edward VI">Edward VI</a> (1547–1553), the Church of England underwent an extensive theological reformation. Justification by faith was made a central teaching.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a308_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a308-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Government-sanctioned <a href="/wiki/Iconoclasm" title="Iconoclasm">iconoclasm</a> led to the destruction of images and relics. Stained glass, shrines, statues, and <a href="/wiki/Rood" title="Rood">roods</a> were defaced or destroyed. Church walls were <a href="/wiki/Whitewash" title="Whitewash">whitewashed</a> and covered with biblical texts condemning idolatry.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most significant reform in Edward's reign was the adoption of an English liturgy to replace the old Latin rites.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShagan201741_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShagan201741-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Written by Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer" title="Thomas Cranmer">Thomas Cranmer</a>, the <a href="/wiki/1549_Book_of_Common_Prayer" class="mw-redirect" title="1549 Book of Common Prayer">1549 <i>Book of Common Prayer</i></a> implicitly taught justification by faith,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and rejected the Catholic doctrines of transubstantiation and the sacrifice of the Mass.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacCulloch1996412,_414_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacCulloch1996412,_414-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was followed by a greatly revised <a href="/wiki/1552_Book_of_Common_Prayer" class="mw-redirect" title="1552 Book of Common Prayer">1552 <i>Book of Common Prayer</i></a> that was even more Protestant in tone, going so far as to deny the <a href="/wiki/Real_presence_of_Christ_in_the_Eucharist" title="Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist">real presence of Christ in the Eucharist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017b51_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017b51-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the reign of <a href="/wiki/Mary_I_of_England" title="Mary I of England">Mary I</a> (1553–1558), England was briefly reunited with the Catholic Church. Mary died childless, so it was left to the new regime of her half-sister <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth I">Queen Elizabeth I</a> to resolve the direction of the church. The <a href="/wiki/Elizabethan_Religious_Settlement" title="Elizabethan Religious Settlement">Elizabethan Religious Settlement</a> returned the Church to where it stood in 1553 before Edward's death. The <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Supremacy_1558" title="Act of Supremacy 1558">Act of Supremacy</a> made the monarch the Church's <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Governor_of_the_Church_of_England" title="Supreme Governor of the Church of England">supreme governor</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Uniformity_1558" title="Act of Uniformity 1558">Act of Uniformity</a> restored a slightly altered 1552 <i>Book of Common Prayer</i>. In 1571, the <a href="/wiki/Thirty-nine_Articles" title="Thirty-nine Articles">Thirty-nine Articles</a> received parliamentary approval as a doctrinal statement for the Church. The settlement ensured the Church of England was Protestant, but it was unclear what kind of Protestantism was being adopted.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017b49–51_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017b49–51-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prayer book's <a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_theology" title="Eucharistic theology">eucharistic theology</a> was vague. The words of administration neither affirmed nor denied the real presence. Perhaps, a <a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Supper_in_Reformed_theology" title="Lord's Supper in Reformed theology">spiritual presence</a> was implied, since Article 28 of the Thirty-nine Articles taught that the body of Christ was eaten "only after an heavenly and spiritual manner".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017b50–51_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017b50–51-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, there was enough ambiguity to allow later theologians to articulate various versions of <a href="/wiki/Anglican_eucharistic_theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican eucharistic theology">Anglican eucharistic theology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017b51_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017b51-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Church of England was the <a href="/wiki/Established_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Established church">established church</a> (constitutionally established by the state with the head of state as its supreme governor). The exact nature of the relationship between church and state would be a source of continued friction into the next century.<sup id="cite_ref-Eberle_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eberle-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fox_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fox-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ferrante_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ferrante-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stuart_period">Stuart period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Stuart period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Stuart_period" title="Stuart period">Stuart period</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Church_of_England" title="Special:EditPage/Church of England">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Struggle for control of the church persisted throughout the reigns of <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James I</a> and his son <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a>, culminating in the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/First_English_Civil_War" title="First English Civil War">First English Civil War</a> in 1642. The two opposing factions consisted of <a href="/wiki/Puritans" title="Puritans">Puritans</a>, who sought to "purify" the church and enact more far-reaching Protestant reforms, and those who wanted to retain traditional beliefs and practices. In a period when many believed "true religion" and "good government" were the same thing, religious disputes often included a political element, one example being the struggle over bishops. In addition to their religious function, bishops acted as state censors, able to ban sermons and writings considered objectionable, while lay people could be tried by <a href="/wiki/Arches_Court" title="Arches Court">church courts</a> for crimes including <a href="/wiki/Blasphemy" title="Blasphemy">blasphemy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heresy" title="Heresy">heresy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fornication" title="Fornication">fornication</a> and other 'sins of the flesh', as well as matrimonial or inheritance disputes.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHelmholz2003102_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHelmholz2003102-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also sat in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a> and often blocked legislation opposed by the Crown; their ousting from Parliament by the <a href="/wiki/Clergy_Act_1640" title="Clergy Act 1640">1640 Clergy Act</a> was a major step on the road to war.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWedgwood195831_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWedgwood195831-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canterbury_Cathedral_Choir_(249538223).jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Canterbury_Cathedral_Choir_%28249538223%29.jpeg/180px-Canterbury_Cathedral_Choir_%28249538223%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Canterbury_Cathedral_Choir_%28249538223%29.jpeg/270px-Canterbury_Cathedral_Choir_%28249538223%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Canterbury_Cathedral_Choir_%28249538223%29.jpeg/360px-Canterbury_Cathedral_Choir_%28249538223%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>Major repairs were done to Canterbury Cathedral after the Restoration in 1660.</figcaption></figure> <p>Following <a href="/wiki/Cavalier" title="Cavalier">Royalist</a> defeat in 1646, the episcopacy was formally abolished.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1968523–537_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1968523–537-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1649, the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_England" title="Commonwealth of England">Commonwealth of England</a> outlawed a number of former practices and <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_polity" title="Presbyterian polity">Presbyterian</a> structures replaced the episcopate. The Thirty-nine Articles were replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Confession" class="mw-redirect" title="Westminster Confession">Westminster Confession</a>. Worship according to the <i>Book of Common Prayer</i> was outlawed and replace by the <i><a href="/wiki/Directory_of_Public_Worship" class="mw-redirect" title="Directory of Public Worship">Directory of Public Worship</a></i>. Despite this, about one quarter of English clergy refused to conform to this form of state <a href="/wiki/Presbyterianism" title="Presbyterianism">presbyterianism</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> It was also opposed by religious <a href="/wiki/Independent_(religion)" title="Independent (religion)">Independents</a> who rejected the very idea of state-mandated religion, and included <a href="/wiki/Congregational_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregational church">Congregationalists</a> like <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a>, who were especially well represented in the <a href="/wiki/New_Model_Army" title="New Model Army">New Model Army</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpurr199811–12_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpurr199811–12-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Restoration" title="Stuart Restoration">Stuart Restoration</a> in 1660, Parliament restored the Church of England to a form not far removed from the Elizabethan version. Until <a href="/wiki/James_II_of_England" title="James II of England">James II of England</a> was ousted by the <a href="/wiki/Glorious_Revolution" title="Glorious Revolution">Glorious Revolution</a> in November 1688, many <a href="/wiki/Nonconformist_(Protestantism)" title="Nonconformist (Protestantism)">Nonconformists</a> still sought to negotiate terms that would allow them to re-enter the church.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In order to secure his political position, <a href="/wiki/William_III_of_England" title="William III of England">William III of England</a> ended these discussions and the Tudor ideal of encompassing all the people of England in one religious organisation was abandoned. The religious landscape of England assumed its present form, with the Anglican established church occupying the middle ground and Nonconformists continuing their existence outside. One result of the Restoration was the ousting of 2,000 parish ministers who had not been ordained by bishops in the apostolic succession or who had been ordained by ministers in presbyter's orders. Official suspicion and legal restrictions continued well into the 19th century. Roman Catholics, perhaps 5% of the English population (down from 20% in 1600) were grudgingly tolerated, having had little or no official representation after the Pope's excommunication of Queen Elizabeth in 1570, though the Stuarts were sympathetic to them. By the end of 18th century they had dwindled to 1% of the population, mostly amongst upper middle-class gentry, their tenants, and extended families.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Union_with_the_Church_of_Ireland">Union with the Church of Ireland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Union with the Church of Ireland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By the Fifth Article of the <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1800" title="Acts of Union 1800">Union with Ireland 1800</a>, the Church of England and <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ireland" title="Church of Ireland">Church of Ireland</a> were united into "one Protestant Episcopal church, to be called, the United Church of England and Ireland".<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although "the continuance and preservation of the said united church ... [was] deemed and taken to be an essential and fundamental part of the union",<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Church_Act_1869" title="Irish Church Act 1869">Irish Church Act 1869</a> separated the Irish part of the church again and disestablished it, the Act coming into effect on 1 January 1871. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overseas_developments">Overseas developments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Overseas developments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Smith_1624_map_of_Bermuda_with_Forts_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/John_Smith_1624_map_of_Bermuda_with_Forts_01.jpg/200px-John_Smith_1624_map_of_Bermuda_with_Forts_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/John_Smith_1624_map_of_Bermuda_with_Forts_01.jpg/300px-John_Smith_1624_map_of_Bermuda_with_Forts_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/John_Smith_1624_map_of_Bermuda_with_Forts_01.jpg/400px-John_Smith_1624_map_of_Bermuda_with_Forts_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1370" data-file-height="1073" /></a><figcaption>Captain <a href="/wiki/John_Smith_of_Jamestown" class="mw-redirect" title="John Smith of Jamestown">John Smith's</a> 1624 map of Bermuda, showing St Peter's at centre, left</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Historical_development_of_Church_of_England_dioceses#Colonial_dioceses" title="Historical development of Church of England dioceses">Historical development of Church of England dioceses § Colonial dioceses</a></div> <p>As the English Empire (after the 1707 <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1707" title="Acts of Union 1707">union</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">Kingdom of England</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotland" title="Kingdom of Scotland">Kingdom of Scotland</a> to form the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Kingdom of Great Britain</a>, the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a>) expanded, English (after 1707, <i>British</i>) colonists and colonial administrators took the established church doctrines and practices together with ordained ministry and formed overseas branches of the Church of England. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Nova_Scotia_and_Prince_Edward_Island" title="Diocese of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island">Diocese of Nova Scotia</a> was created on 11 August 1787 by <a href="/wiki/Letters_Patent" class="mw-redirect" title="Letters Patent">Letters Patent</a> of <a href="/wiki/George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George III of the United Kingdom">George III</a> which "erected the Province of <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a> into a bishop's see" and these also named <a href="/wiki/Charles_Inglis_(bishop)" title="Charles Inglis (bishop)">Charles Inglis</a> as first bishop of the see.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The diocese was the first Church of England see created outside England and Wales (i.e. the first colonial diocese). At this point, the see covered present-day New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and Quebec.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1825 to 1839, it included the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Bermuda" title="Anglican Church of Bermuda">nine parishes</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a>, subsequently transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Newfoundland" title="Diocese of Newfoundland">Diocese of Newfoundland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As they developed, beginning with the United States of America, or became sovereign or independent states, many of their churches became separate organisationally, but remained linked to the Church of England through the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a>. In the provinces that made up Canada, the church operated as the "Church of England in Canada" until 1955 when it became the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Canada" title="Anglican Church of Canada">Anglican Church of Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-x25_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-x25-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Bermuda, the oldest remaining British overseas possession, the first Church of England services were performed by the Reverend Richard Buck, one of the survivors of the 1609 wreck of the <i><a href="/wiki/Sea_Venture" title="Sea Venture">Sea Venture</a></i> which initiated Bermuda's permanent settlement. The nine parishes of the Church of England in <a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a>, each with its own church and <a href="/wiki/Glebe" title="Glebe">glebe land</a>, rarely had more than a pair of ordained ministers to share between them until the 19th century. From 1825 to 1839, Bermuda's parishes were attached to the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Nova_Scotia_and_Prince_Edward_Island" title="Diocese of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island">See of Nova Scotia</a>. Bermuda was then grouped into the new Diocese of Newfoundland and Bermuda from 1839. In 1879, the Synod of the Church of England in Bermuda was formed. At the same time, a Diocese of Bermuda became separate from the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Newfoundland" title="Diocese of Newfoundland">Diocese of Newfoundland</a>, but both continued to be grouped under the <i>Bishop of Newfoundland and Bermuda</i> until 1919, when Newfoundland and Bermuda each received its own bishop.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Church of England in Bermuda was renamed in 1978 as the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Bermuda" title="Anglican Church of Bermuda">Anglican Church of Bermuda</a>, which is an <a href="/wiki/Extra-provincial_Anglican_churches" title="Extra-provincial Anglican churches">extra-provincial diocese</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with both <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_bishop" title="Metropolitan bishop">metropolitan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Primate_(bishop)" title="Primate (bishop)">primatial</a> authority coming directly from the Archbishop of Canterbury. Among its parish churches is <a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Church,_St._George%27s" title="St. Peter's Church, St. George's">St Peter's Church</a> in the <a href="/wiki/UNESCO_World_Heritage_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage Site</a> of <a href="/wiki/St._George%27s,_Bermuda" title="St. George's, Bermuda">St George's Town</a>, which is the oldest Anglican church outside of the British Isles, and the oldest Protestant church in the New World.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first Anglican missionaries arrived in Nigeria in 1842 and the first Anglican Nigerian was consecrated a bishop in 1864. However, the arrival of a rival group of Anglican missionaries in 1887 led to infighting that slowed the Church's growth. In this large African colony, by 1900 there were only 35,000 Anglicans, about 0.2% of the population. However, by the late 20th century the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Nigeria" title="Church of Nigeria">Church of Nigeria</a> was the fastest growing of all Anglican churches, reaching about 18 percent of the local population by 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-x25_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-x25-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The church established its presence in Hong Kong and Macau in 1843. In 1951, the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Sheng_Kung_Hui" title="Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui">Diocese of Hong Kong and Macao</a> became an extra-provincial diocese, and in 1998 it became a province of the Anglican Communion, under the name <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Sheng_Kung_Hui" title="Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui">Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui</a>. </p><p>From 1796 to 1818 the Church began operating in <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> (formerly <a href="/wiki/Ceylon" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceylon">Ceylon</a>), following the 1796 start of British colonisation, when the first services were held for the British civil and military personnel. In 1799, the first Colonial Chaplain was appointed, following which CMS and SPG missionaries began their work, in 1818 and 1844 respectively. Subsequently the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ceylon" title="Church of Ceylon">Church of Ceylon</a> was established: in 1845 the diocese of Colombo was inaugurated, with the appointment of <a href="/wiki/James_Chapman_(Bishop_of_Colombo)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Chapman (Bishop of Colombo)">James Chapman</a> as Bishop of Colombo. It served as an extra-provincial jurisdiction of the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">archbishop of Canterbury</a>, who served as its <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_bishop" title="Metropolitan bishop">metropolitan</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_21st_century">Early 21st century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Early 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Deposition_from_holy_orders_overturned">Deposition from holy orders overturned</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Deposition from holy orders overturned"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the guidance of <a href="/wiki/Rowan_Williams" title="Rowan Williams">Rowan Williams</a> and with significant pressure from clergy union representatives, the ecclesiastical penalty for convicted felons to be defrocked was set aside from the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Church_of_England_measures" title="List of Church of England measures">Clergy Discipline Measure 2003</a>. The clergy union argued that the penalty was unfair to victims of hypothetical miscarriages of criminal justice, because the ecclesiastical penalty is considered irreversible. Although clerics can still be banned for life from ministry, they remain ordained as priests.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Continued_decline_in_attendance_and_church_response">Continued decline in attendance and church response</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Continued decline in attendance and church response"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Holy_trinity_front_8809.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Holy_trinity_front_8809.jpg/220px-Holy_trinity_front_8809.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Holy_trinity_front_8809.jpg/330px-Holy_trinity_front_8809.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Holy_trinity_front_8809.jpg/440px-Holy_trinity_front_8809.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>One of the now "redundant" buildings, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Trinity_Church,_Wensley" title="Holy Trinity Church, Wensley">Holy Trinity Church, Wensley</a>, in North Yorkshire; much of the current structure was built in the 14th and 15th centuries</figcaption></figure> <p>Bishop <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Mullally" title="Sarah Mullally">Sarah Mullally</a> has insisted that declining numbers at services should not necessarily be a cause of despair for churches, because people may still encounter God without <a href="/wiki/Church_attendance" title="Church attendance">attending a service</a> in a church; for example hearing the Christian message through social media sites or in a café run as a community project.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, 9.7 million people visit at least one of its churches every year and 1 million students are educated at Church of England schools (which number 4,700).<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, an estimated 10 million people visited a cathedral and an additional "1.3 million people visited Westminster Abbey, where 99% of visitors paid / donated for entry".<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, the church reported than an estimated 5.7 million people visited a cathedral and 6.8 million visited Westminster Abbey.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, the archbishops of <a href="/wiki/Justin_Welby" title="Justin Welby">Canterbury</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Sentamu" title="John Sentamu">York</a> warned in January 2015 that the Church of England would no longer be able to carry on in its current form unless the downward spiral in membership were somehow to be reversed, as typical Sunday attendance had halved to 800,000 in the previous 40 years:<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The urgency of the challenge facing us is not in doubt. Attendance at Church of England services has declined at an average of one per cent per annum over recent decades and, in addition, the age profile of our membership has become significantly older than that of the population... Renewing and reforming aspects of our institutional life is a necessary but far from sufficient response to the challenges facing the Church of England. ... The age profile of our clergy has also been increasing. Around 40 per cent of parish clergy are due to retire over the next decade or so.</p></blockquote> <p>Between 1969 and 2010, almost 1,800 church buildings, roughly 11% of the stock, were closed (so-called "<a href="/wiki/Redundant_churches" class="mw-redirect" title="Redundant churches">redundant churches</a>"); the majority (70%) in the first half of the period; only 514 being closed between 1990 and 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some active use was being made of about half of the closed churches.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2019 the rate of closure had steadied at around 20 to 25 per year (0.2%); some being replaced by new places of worship.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, in 2018 the church announced a £27 million growth programme to create 100 new churches.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Low_salaries">Low salaries</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Low salaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2015 the Church of England admitted that it was embarrassed to be paying staff under the living wage. The Church of England had previously campaigned for all employers to pay this minimum amount. The archbishop of Canterbury acknowledged it was not the only area where the church "fell short of its standards".<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Impact_of_COVID-19_pandemic">Impact of COVID-19 pandemic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Impact of COVID-19 pandemic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom">COVID-19 pandemic</a> had a sizeable effect on church attendance, with attendance in 2020 and 2021 dropping well below that of 2019. By 2022, the first full year without substantial restrictions related to the pandemic, numbers were still notably down on pre-pandemic participation. According to the 2022 release of "Statistics for Mission" by the church, the median size of each church's "Worshipping Community" (those who attend in person or online at least as regularly as once a month) now stands at 37 people, with average weekly attendance having declined from 34 to 25; while Easter and Christmas services have seen falls from 51 to 38 and 80 to 56 individuals respectively. Examples of wider declines across the whole church include:<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th>Estimated change, 2019 to 2020 </th> <th>Estimated change, 2019 to 2021 </th> <th>Estimated change, 2019 to 2022 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Worshipping Community </td> <td>−7% </td> <td>−13% </td> <td>−12% </td></tr> <tr> <td>All age average weekly attendance (October) </td> <td>−60% </td> <td>−29% </td> <td>−23% </td></tr> <tr> <td>All age average Sunday attendance (October) </td> <td>−53% </td> <td>−28% </td> <td>−23% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Easter attendance </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>−56% </td> <td>−27% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Christmas attendance </td> <td>−79% </td> <td>−58% </td> <td>−30% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Doctrine_and_practice">Doctrine and practice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Doctrine and practice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anglican_doctrine" title="Anglican doctrine">Anglican doctrine</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hooker-Statue.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Hooker-Statue.jpeg/220px-Hooker-Statue.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Hooker-Statue.jpeg/330px-Hooker-Statue.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Hooker-Statue.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="477" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hooker_(theologian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Hooker (theologian)">Richard Hooker</a> (1554–1600), one of the most influential figures in shaping Anglican theology and self-identity</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canterbury_Cathedral_-_Back_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Canterbury_Cathedral_-_Back_01.jpg/220px-Canterbury_Cathedral_-_Back_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Canterbury_Cathedral_-_Back_01.jpg/330px-Canterbury_Cathedral_-_Back_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Canterbury_Cathedral_-_Back_01.jpg/440px-Canterbury_Cathedral_-_Back_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4416" data-file-height="2944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Cathedral" title="Canterbury Cathedral">Canterbury Cathedral</a> houses the <i><a href="/wiki/Cathedra" title="Cathedra">cathedra</a></i> or episcopal chair of the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a> and is the cathedral of the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Canterbury" title="Diocese of Canterbury">Diocese of Canterbury</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Mother_church" title="Mother church">mother church</a> of the Church of England as well as a focus for the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Canon_law" title="Canon law">canon law</a> of the Church of England identifies the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Christian scriptures</a> as the source of its doctrine. In addition, doctrine is also derived from the teachings of the <a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church Fathers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_councils" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecumenical councils">ecumenical councils</a> (as well as the <a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_creeds" title="Ecumenical creeds">ecumenical creeds</a>) in so far as these agree with scripture. This doctrine is expressed in the <a href="/wiki/Thirty-Nine_Articles_of_Religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion">Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion</a>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer" title="Book of Common Prayer">Book of Common Prayer</a></i>, and the Ordinal containing the rites for the ordination of <a href="/wiki/Deacon#Anglicanism" title="Deacon">deacons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anglican_priest" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican priest">priests</a>, and the consecration of bishops.<sup id="cite_ref-CanonA5_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CanonA5-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike other traditions, the Church of England has no single theologian that it can look to as a founder. However, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Hooker" title="Richard Hooker">Richard Hooker</a>'s appeal to scripture, <a href="/wiki/Christian_tradition" title="Christian tradition">church tradition</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Reason" title="Reason">reason</a> as sources of authority,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShepherd,_Jr.Martin2005349–350_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShepherd,_Jr.Martin2005349–350-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as the work of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer" title="Thomas Cranmer">Thomas Cranmer</a>, which inspired the doctrinal status of the church, continue to inform Anglican identity. </p><p>The Church of England's doctrinal character today is largely the result of the Elizabethan Settlement, which sought to establish a comprehensive middle way between Roman Catholicism and Protestantism. The Church of England affirms the protestant reformation principle that scripture contains all things necessary to salvation and is the final arbiter in doctrinal matters. The Thirty-nine Articles are the church's only official confessional statement. Though not a complete system of doctrine, the articles highlight areas of agreement with <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a> and <a href="/wiki/Calvinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinism">Reformed</a> positions, while differentiating Anglicanism from Roman Catholicism and <a href="/wiki/Anabaptism" title="Anabaptism">Anabaptism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShepherd,_Jr.Martin2005349–350_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShepherd,_Jr.Martin2005349–350-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While embracing some themes of the Protestant Reformation, the Church of England also maintains Catholic traditions of the ancient church and teachings of the Church Fathers, unless these are considered contrary to scripture. It accepts the decisions of the first four ecumenical councils concerning the <a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Incarnation_(Christianity)" title="Incarnation (Christianity)">Incarnation</a>. The Church of England also preserves catholic order by adhering to <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_polity" title="Episcopal polity">episcopal polity</a>, with ordained orders of bishops, priests and deacons. There are differences of opinion within the Church of England over the necessity of episcopacy. Some consider it essential, while others feel it is needed for the proper ordering of the church.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShepherd,_Jr.Martin2005349–350_61-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShepherd,_Jr.Martin2005349–350-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In sum these express the 'Via Media' viewpoint that the first five centuries of doctrinal development and church order as approved are acceptable as a yardstick by which to gauge authentic catholicity, as minimum and sufficient; Anglicanism did not emerge as the result of charismatic leaders with particular doctrines. It is light on details compared to Roman Catholic, Reformed and Lutheran teachings. The Bible, the Creeds, Apostolic Order, and the administration of the Sacraments are sufficient to establish catholicity. The Reformation in England was initially much concerned about doctrine but the Elizabethan Settlement tried to put a stop to doctrinal contentions. The proponents of further changes, nonetheless, tried to get their way by making changes in Church Order (abolition of bishops), governance (Canon Law) and liturgy ('too Catholic'). They did not succeed because the monarchy and the Church resisted and the majority of the population were indifferent. Moreover, "despite all the assumptions of the Reformation founders of that Church, it had retained a catholic character." The Elizabethan Settlement had created a cuckoo in a nest..." a Protestant theology and program within a largely pre-Reformation Catholic structure whose continuing life would arouse a theological interest in the Catholicism that had created it; and would result in the rejection of <a href="/wiki/Predestinarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Predestinarian">predestinarian</a> theology in favor of sacraments, especially the eucharist, ceremonial, and anti-Calvinist doctrine".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacCulloch199078–86_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacCulloch199078–86-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The existence of cathedrals "without substantial alteration" and "where the "old devotional world cast its longest shadow for the future of the ethos that would become Anglicanism,"<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacCulloch199079_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacCulloch199079-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is "One of the great mysteries of the English Reformation,"<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacCulloch199079_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacCulloch199079-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that there was no complete break with the past but a muddle that was per force turned into a virtue. The story of the English Reformation is the tale of retreat from the Protestant advance of 1550 which could not proceed further in the face of the opposition of the institution which was rooted in the medieval past,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacCulloch1990142_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacCulloch1990142-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the adamant opposition of Queen Elizabeth I.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Church of England has, as one of its distinguishing marks, a breadth of opinion from <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Christianity" title="Liberal Christianity">liberal</a> to conservative clergy and members.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This tolerance has allowed Anglicans who emphasise the catholic tradition and others who emphasise the reformed tradition to coexist. The <a href="/wiki/Churchmanship" title="Churchmanship">three schools of thought</a> (or parties) in the Church of England are sometimes called <a href="/wiki/High_church" title="High church">high church</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Catholic">Anglo-Catholic</a>), <a href="/wiki/Low_church" title="Low church">low church</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical Anglican">evangelical Anglican</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Broad_church" title="Broad church">broad church</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Christianity" title="Liberal Christianity">liberal</a>). The high church party places importance on the Church of England's continuity with the pre-Reformation Catholic Church, adherence to ancient liturgical usages and the sacerdotal nature of the priesthood. As their name suggests, Anglo-Catholics maintain many traditional catholic practices and liturgical forms.<sup id="cite_ref-HighChurch_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HighChurch-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Catholic tradition, strengthened and reshaped from the 1830s by the Oxford movement, has stressed the importance of the visible Church and its sacraments and the belief that the ministry of bishops, priests and deacons is a sign and instrument of the Church of England's Catholic and apostolic identity.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The low church party is more Protestant in both ceremony and theology.<sup id="cite_ref-LowChurch_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LowChurch-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has emphasized the significance of the Protestant aspects of the Church of England's identity, stressing the importance of the authority of Scripture, preaching, justification by faith and personal conversion.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historically, the term 'broad church' has been used to describe those of middle-of-the-road ceremonial preferences who lean theologically towards liberal protestantism.<sup id="cite_ref-BroadChurch_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BroadChurch-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The liberal broad church tradition has emphasized the importance of the use of reason in theological exploration. It has stressed the need to develop Christian belief and practice in order to respond creatively to wider advances in human knowledge and understanding and the importance of social and political action in forwarding God's kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_67-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The balance between these strands of churchmanship is not static: in 2013, 40% of Church of England worshippers attended evangelical churches (compared with 26% in 1989), and 83% of very large congregations were evangelical. Such churches were also reported to attract higher numbers of men and young adults than others.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Worship_and_liturgy">Worship and liturgy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Worship and liturgy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rochester_cathedral_stained_glass_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Rochester_cathedral_stained_glass_2.jpg/180px-Rochester_cathedral_stained_glass_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Rochester_cathedral_stained_glass_2.jpg/270px-Rochester_cathedral_stained_glass_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Rochester_cathedral_stained_glass_2.jpg/360px-Rochester_cathedral_stained_glass_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Stained glass window in <a href="/wiki/Rochester_Cathedral" title="Rochester Cathedral">Rochester Cathedral</a>, Kent</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1604, <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James I</a> ordered an English language translation of the Bible known as the <a href="/wiki/King_James_Version" title="King James Version">King James Version</a>, which was published in 1611 and authorised for use in parishes, although it was not an "official" version per se.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECowartKnappen2007?_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECowartKnappen2007?-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Church of England's official book of liturgy as established in English Law is the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1662)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1662)">1662 version of the <i>Book of Common Prayer</i></a> (BCP). In the year 2000, the General Synod approved a modern <a href="/wiki/Liturgical_book" title="Liturgical book">liturgical book</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Common_Worship" title="Common Worship">Common Worship</a></i>, which can be used as an alternative to the BCP. Like its predecessor, the 1980 <i><a href="/wiki/Alternative_Service_Book" title="Alternative Service Book">Alternative Service Book</a></i>, it differs from the <i>Book of Common Prayer</i> in providing a range of alternative services, mostly in modern language, although it does include some BCP-based forms as well, for example Order Two for Holy Communion. (This is a revision of the BCP service, altering some words and allowing the insertion of some other liturgical texts such as the <i><a href="/wiki/Agnus_Dei_(liturgy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Agnus Dei (liturgy)">Agnus Dei</a></i> before communion.) The Order One rite follows the pattern of more modern liturgical scholarship.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The liturgies are organised according to the traditional <a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year" title="Liturgical year">liturgical year</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Church_of_England)" title="Calendar of saints (Church of England)">calendar of saints</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Anglican_sacraments" title="Anglican sacraments">sacraments</a> of <a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">baptism</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">eucharist</a> are generally thought necessary to salvation. <a href="/wiki/Infant_baptism" title="Infant baptism">Infant baptism</a> is practised. At a later age, individuals baptised as infants receive <a href="/wiki/Confirmation" title="Confirmation">confirmation</a> by a bishop, at which time they reaffirm the baptismal promises made by their parents or sponsors. The eucharist, consecrated by a thanksgiving prayer including Christ's <a href="/wiki/Words_of_Institution" title="Words of Institution">Words of Institution</a>, is believed to be "a memorial of Christ's once-for-all redemptive acts in which Christ is objectively present and effectually received in faith".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShepherd,_Jr.Martin2005350_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShepherd,_Jr.Martin2005350-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The use of hymns and <a href="/wiki/Anglican_church_music" title="Anglican church music">music in the Church of England</a> has changed dramatically over the centuries. Traditional <a href="/wiki/Evening_Prayer_(Anglican)" class="mw-redirect" title="Evening Prayer (Anglican)">Choral evensong</a> is a staple of most cathedrals. The style of <a href="/wiki/Psalm" class="mw-redirect" title="Psalm">psalm</a> chanting harks back to the Church of England's pre-reformation roots. During the 18th century, clergy such as <a href="/wiki/Charles_Wesley" title="Charles Wesley">Charles Wesley</a> introduced their own styles of worship with poetic hymns.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the latter half of the 20th century, the influence of the <a href="/wiki/Charismatic_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Charismatic Movement">Charismatic Movement</a> significantly altered the worship traditions of numerous Church of England parishes, primarily affecting those of <a href="/wiki/Evangelical" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical">evangelical</a> persuasion. These churches now adopt a <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_worship" title="Contemporary worship">contemporary worship</a> form of service, with minimal liturgical or ritual elements, and incorporating <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_worship_music" title="Contemporary worship music">contemporary worship music</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Just as the Church of England has a large conservative or "traditionalist" wing, it also has many <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Christianity" title="Liberal Christianity">liberal</a> members and clergy. Approximately one third of clergy "doubt or disbelieve in the physical resurrection".<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Others, such as <a href="/wiki/Giles_Fraser" title="Giles Fraser">Giles Fraser</a>, a contributor to <i>The Guardian</i>, have argued for an allegorical interpretation of the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_birth_of_Jesus" title="Virgin birth of Jesus">virgin birth of Jesus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Independent</i> reported in 2014 that, according to a YouGov survey of Church of England clergy, "as many as 16 per cent are unclear about God and two per cent think it is no more than a human construct."<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moreover, many congregations are seeker-friendly environments. For example, one report from the <a href="/wiki/Church_Mission_Society" title="Church Mission Society">Church Mission Society</a> suggested that the church open up "a pagan church where Christianity [is] very much in the centre" to reach out to spiritual people.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Church of England is launching a project on "gendered language" in Spring 2023 in efforts to "study the ways in which God is referred to and addressed in liturgy and worship".<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Women's_ministry"><span id="Women.27s_ministry"></span>Women's ministry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Women's ministry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Women were appointed as deaconesses from 1861, but they could not function fully as deacons and were not considered ordained clergy. Women have historically been able to serve as <a href="/wiki/Lay_reader" class="mw-redirect" title="Lay reader">lay readers</a>. During the First World War, some women were appointed as lay readers, known as "<a href="/wiki/Bishop%27s_messenger" title="Bishop's messenger">bishop's messengers</a>", who also led missions and ran churches in the absence of men. After the war, no women were appointed as lay readers until 1969.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Legislation authorising the ordination of women as deacons was passed in 1986 and they were first ordained in 1987. The <a href="/wiki/Ordination_of_women" title="Ordination of women">ordination of women</a> as priests was approved by the <a href="/wiki/General_Synod_of_the_Church_of_England" title="General Synod of the Church of England">General Synod</a> in 1992 and <a href="/wiki/List_of_the_first_32_women_ordained_as_Church_of_England_priests" title="List of the first 32 women ordained as Church of England priests">began in 1994</a>. In 2010, for the first time in the history of the Church of England, more women than men were ordained as priests (290 women and 273 men),<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but in the next two years, ordinations of men again exceeded those of women.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2005, the synod voted to "set in train" the process of allowing the consecration of women as bishops. In February 2006, the synod voted overwhelmingly for the "further exploration" of possible arrangements for parishes that did not want to be directly under the authority of a bishop who is a woman.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 7 July 2008, the synod voted to approve the ordination of women as bishops and rejected moves for alternative episcopal oversight for those who do not accept the ministry of bishops who are women.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Actual ordinations of women to the episcopate required further legislation, which was narrowly rejected in a General Synod vote in November 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 20 November 2013, the General Synod voted overwhelmingly in support of a plan to allow the ordination of women as bishops, with 378 in favour, 8 against and 25 abstentions.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 14 July 2014, the General Synod approved the ordination of women as bishops. The House of Bishops recorded 37 votes in favour, two against with one abstention. The House of Clergy had 162 in favour, 25 against and four abstentions. The House of Laity voted 152 for, 45 against with five abstentions.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This legislation had to be approved by the Ecclesiastical Committee of the Parliament before it could be finally implemented at the November 2014 synod. In December 2014, <a href="/wiki/Libby_Lane" title="Libby Lane">Libby Lane</a> was announced as the first woman to become a bishop in the Church of England. She was consecrated as a bishop in January 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2015, <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Treweek" title="Rachel Treweek">Rachel Treweek</a> was the first woman to become a diocesan bishop in the Church of England when she became the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Gloucester" title="Bishop of Gloucester">Bishop of Gloucester</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-anglicannews1_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anglicannews1-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She and <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Mullally" title="Sarah Mullally">Sarah Mullally</a>, Bishop of Crediton, were the first women to be ordained as bishops at <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Cathedral" title="Canterbury Cathedral">Canterbury Cathedral</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-anglicannews1_91-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anglicannews1-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Treweek later made headlines by calling for gender-inclusive language, saying that "God is not to be seen as male. God is God."<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2018, the Diocese of London consecrated <a href="/wiki/Dame_Sarah_Mullally" class="mw-redirect" title="Dame Sarah Mullally">Dame Sarah Mullally</a> as the first woman to serve as the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_London" title="Bishop of London">Bishop of London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bishop Sarah Mullally occupies the third most senior position in the Church of England.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mullally has described herself as a feminist and will ordain both men and women to the priesthood.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She is also considered by some to be a theological liberal.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On women's <a href="/wiki/Reproductive_rights" title="Reproductive rights">reproductive rights</a>, Mullally describes herself as <a href="/wiki/Abortion-rights_movements" class="mw-redirect" title="Abortion-rights movements">pro-choice</a> while also being personally <a href="/wiki/Anti-abortion_movements" title="Anti-abortion movements">pro-life</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On marriage, she supports the current stance of the Church of England that marriage is between a man and a woman, but also said that: "It is a time for us to reflect on our tradition and scripture, and together say how we can offer a response that is about it being inclusive love."<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Same-sex_unions_and_LGBT_clergy">Same-sex unions and LGBT clergy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Same-sex unions and LGBT clergy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_and_the_Anglican_Communion" title="Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion">Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion</a></div> <p>The Church of England has been discussing <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom">same-sex marriages</a> and LGBT clergy.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The church holds that marriage is a union of one man with one woman.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The church does not allow clergy to perform same-sex marriages, but in February 2023 approved of blessings for same-sex couples following a civil marriage or civil partnership.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The church teaches "Same-sex relationships often embody genuine mutuality and fidelity."<sup id="cite_ref-x75_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-x75-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2023, the Bishops approved "prayers of thanksgiving, dedication and for God's blessing for same-sex couples."<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The commended prayers of blessing for same-sex couples, known as "Prayers of Love and Faith," may be used during ordinary church services, and in November 2023 General Synod voted to authorise "standalone" blessings for same-sex couples on a trial basis, while permanent authorisation will require additional steps.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The church also officially supports <a href="/wiki/Celibacy" title="Celibacy">celibate</a> civil partnerships; "We believe that Civil Partnerships still have a place, including for some Christian <a href="/wiki/Intersex_and_LGBT" title="Intersex and LGBT">LGBTI</a> couples who see them as a way of gaining legal recognition of their relationship."<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Civil_partnership_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Civil partnership in the United Kingdom">Civil partnerships</a> for clergy have been allowed since 2005, so long as they remain sexually abstinent,<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the church extends pensions to clergy in same-sex civil partnerships.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a missive to clergy, the church communicated that "there was a need for committed same-sex couples to be given recognition and 'compassionate attention' from the Church, including special prayers."<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "There is no prohibition on prayers being said in church or there being a 'service'" after a civil union.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After same-sex marriage was legalised, the church sought continued availability of civil unions, saying "The Church of England recognises that same-sex relationships often embody fidelity and mutuality. Civil partnerships enable these Christian virtues to be recognised socially and legally in a proper framework."<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2024, the General Synod voted in support of eventually permitting clergy to enter into civil same-sex marriages.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, the bishops released guidelines that permit "more informal kind of prayer" for couples.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the guidelines, "gay couples who get married will be able to ask for special prayers in the Church of England after their wedding, the bishops have agreed."<sup id="cite_ref-x75_105-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-x75-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, the bishop of Grantham, <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Chamberlain" title="Nicholas Chamberlain">Nicholas Chamberlain</a>, announced that he is gay, in a same-sex relationship and celibate, becoming the first bishop to do so in the church.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The church had decided in 2013 that gay clergy in civil partnerships so long as they remain sexually abstinent could become bishops.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_115-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "The House [of Bishops] has confirmed that clergy in civil partnerships, and living in accordance with the teaching of the church on human sexuality, can be considered as candidates for the episcopate."<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, the House of Clergy voted against the motion to "take note" of the bishops' report defining marriage as between a man and a woman.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to passage in all three houses being required, the motion was rejected.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After General Synod rejected the motion, the archbishops of Canterbury and York called for "radical new Christian inclusion" that is "based on good, healthy, flourishing relationships, and in a proper 21st century understanding of being human and of being sexual."<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The church officially opposes "<a href="/wiki/Conversion_therapy" title="Conversion therapy">conversion therapy</a>", a practice which attempts to change a gay or lesbian person's sexual orientation, calling it unethical and supports the <a href="/wiki/Conversion_therapy_ban" class="mw-redirect" title="Conversion therapy ban">banning</a> of "conversion therapy" in the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Hereford" title="Diocese of Hereford">Diocese of Hereford</a> approved a motion calling for the church "to create a set of formal services and prayers to bless those who have had a same-sex marriage or civil partnership."<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, "The House [of Bishops] also agreed to the formation of a Pastoral Consultative Group to support and advise dioceses on pastoral responses to circumstances that arise concerning LGBTI+ clergy, ordinands, lay leaders and the lay people in their care."<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Regarding <a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_transgender_people" title="Christianity and transgender people">transgender issues</a>, the 2017 General Synod voted in favour of a motion saying that transgender people should be "welcomed and affirmed in their parish church".<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The motion also asked the bishops "to look into special services for transgender people."<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bishops initially said "the House notes that the Affirmation of Baptismal Faith, found in <i>Common Worship</i>, is an ideal liturgical rite which trans people can use to mark this moment of personal renewal."<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Bishops also authorised services of celebration to mark a gender transition that will be included in formal liturgy.<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Transgender people may marry in the Church of England after legally making a transition.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Since the <a href="/wiki/Gender_Recognition_Act_2004" title="Gender Recognition Act 2004">Gender Recognition Act 2004</a>, trans people legally confirmed in their gender identity under its provisions are able to marry someone of the opposite sex in their parish church."<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The church further decided that same-gender couples may remain married when one spouse experiences <a href="/wiki/Transitioning_(transgender)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transitioning (transgender)">gender transition</a> provided that the spouses identified as opposite genders at the time of the marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 2000, the church has allowed priests to undergo gender transition and remain in office.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The church has ordained openly transgender clergy since 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Church of England ordained the church's first openly <a href="/wiki/Non-binary_gender" title="Non-binary gender">non-binary</a> priest.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2023, a meeting of the Bishops of the Church of England rejected demands for clergy to conduct same-sex marriages. However, proposals would be put to the General Synod that clergy should be able to hold church blessings for same-sex civil marriages, albeit on a voluntary basis for individual clergy. This comes as the Church continued to be split on same-sex marriages.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2023, ten archbishops of the <a href="/wiki/Global_South_Fellowship_of_Anglican_Churches" title="Global South Fellowship of Anglican Churches">Global South Fellowship of Anglican Churches</a> released a statement stating that they had broken communion and no longer recognised <a href="/wiki/Justin_Welby" title="Justin Welby">Justin Welby</a> as "the first among equals" or "<a href="/wiki/Primus_inter_pares" title="Primus inter pares">primus inter pares</a>" in the Anglican Communion in response to the General Synod's decision to approve the blessing of same-sex couples following a civil marriage or partnership, leading to questions as to the status of the Church of England as the <a href="/wiki/Mother_church" title="Mother church">mother church</a> of the international <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_149-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_151-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2023, the General Synod narrowly voted to allow church blessings for same-sex couples on a trial basis.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2023, the first blessings of same-sex couples began in the Church of England.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2024, the General Synod voted to support moving forward with "stand-alone" services of blessing for same-sex couples after a civil marriage or civil partnership.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bioethics_issues">Bioethics issues</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Bioethics issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Church of England is generally opposed to abortion but believes "there can be strictly limited conditions under which abortion may be morally preferable to any available alternative".<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The church also opposes euthanasia. Its official stance is that "While acknowledging the complexity of the issues involved in assisted dying/suicide and voluntary euthanasia, the Church of England is opposed to any change in the law or in medical practice that would make assisted dying/suicide or voluntary euthanasia permissible in law or acceptable in practice." It also states that "Equally, the Church shares the desire to alleviate physical and psychological suffering, but believes that assisted dying/suicide and voluntary euthanasia are not acceptable means of achieving these laudable goals."<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014, George Carey, a former archbishop of Canterbury, announced that he had changed his stance on euthanasia and now advocated legalising "assisted dying".<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On embryonic stem-cell research, the church has announced "cautious acceptance to the proposal to produce cytoplasmic hybrid embryos for research".<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 19th century, English law required the burial of people who had died by suicide to occur only <a href="/wiki/Interments_(felo_de_se)_Act_1882" title="Interments (felo de se) Act 1882">between the hours of 9 p.m. and midnight and without religious rites</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Church of England permitted the use of alternative burial services for people who had died by suicide. In 2017, the Church of England changed its rules to permit the full, standard Christian burial service regardless of whether a person had died by suicide.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Social_work">Social work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Social work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Church_Urban_Fund">Church Urban Fund</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Church Urban Fund"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Church_Urban_Fund" title="Church Urban Fund">Church Urban Fund</a></div> <p>The Church of England set up the <a href="/wiki/Church_Urban_Fund" title="Church Urban Fund">Church Urban Fund</a> in the 1980s to tackle poverty and <a href="/wiki/Social_deprivation" title="Social deprivation">deprivation</a>. It sees poverty as trapping individuals and communities with some people in urgent need, leading to <a href="/wiki/Dependant" title="Dependant">dependency</a>, <a href="/wiki/Homelessness" title="Homelessness">homelessness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hunger" title="Hunger">hunger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Social_isolation" title="Social isolation">isolation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Low_income" class="mw-redirect" title="Low income">low income</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mental_health" title="Mental health">mental health</a> problems, <a href="/wiki/Social_exclusion" title="Social exclusion">social exclusion</a> and violence. They feel that poverty reduces confidence and <a href="/wiki/Life_expectancy" title="Life expectancy">life expectancy</a> and that people born in poor conditions have difficulty escaping their disadvantaged circumstances.<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Child_poverty">Child poverty</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Child poverty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In parts of <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a>, Manchester and <a href="/wiki/Newcastle_upon_Tyne" title="Newcastle upon Tyne">Newcastle</a> two-thirds of babies are born to poverty and have poorer life chances, also a life expectancy 15 years lower than babies born in the best-off fortunate communities.<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The deep-rooted unfairness in our society is highlighted by these stark statistics. Children being born in this country, just a few miles apart, couldn't witness a more wildly differing start to life. In child poverty terms, we live in one of the most unequal countries in the western world. We want people to understand where their own community sits alongside neighbouring communities. The disparity is often shocking but it's crucial that, through greater awareness, people from all backgrounds come together to think about what could be done to support those born into poverty. [Paul Hackwood, the Chair of Trustees at Church Urban Fund]<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Action_on_hunger">Action on hunger</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Action on hunger"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many prominent people in the Church of England have spoken out against poverty and welfare cuts in the United Kingdom. Twenty-seven bishops are among 43 Christian leaders who signed a letter which urged <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a> to make sure people <a href="/wiki/Poverty#Hunger" title="Poverty">have enough to eat</a>. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>We often hear talk of hard choices. Surely few can be harder than that faced by the tens of thousands of older people who must 'heat or eat' each winter, harder than those faced by families whose wages have stayed flat while <a href="/wiki/Food_prices" title="Food prices">food prices</a> have gone up 30% in just five years. Yet beyond even this we must, as a society, face up to the fact that over half of people using food banks have been put in that situation by cutbacks to and failures in the benefit system, whether it be payment delays or punitive sanctions.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC20/02/14_167-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC20/02/14-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Thousands of UK citizens use <a href="/wiki/Food_bank" title="Food bank">food banks</a>. The church's campaign to end hunger considers this "truly shocking" and called for a national day of <a href="/wiki/Fasting" title="Fasting">fasting</a> on 4 April 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC20/02/14_167-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC20/02/14-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Membership">Membership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Membership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2009<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the Church of England estimated that it had approximately 26 million <a href="/wiki/Baptised" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptised">baptised</a> members – about 47% of the English population.<sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This number has remained consistent since 2001 and was cited again in 2013 and 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a 2016 study published by the <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Anglican_Studies" title="Journal of Anglican Studies">Journal of Anglican Studies</a></i>, the Church of England continued to claim 26 million baptised members, while it also had approximately 1.7 million active baptised members.<sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to its status as the <a href="/wiki/State_religion" title="State religion">established</a> church, in general, anyone may be married, have their children baptised or their funeral in their local <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England_parish_church" title="Church of England parish church">parish church</a>, regardless of whether they are baptised or regular churchgoers.<sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1890 and 2001, <a href="/wiki/Church_attendance" title="Church attendance">churchgoing</a> in the United Kingdom declined steadily.<sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the years 1968 to 1999, Anglican Sunday church attendances almost halved, from 3.5 percent of the population to 1.9 per cent.<sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2014, Sunday church attendances had declined further to 1.4 per cent of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One study published in 2008 suggested that if current trends continued, Sunday attendances could fall to 350,000 in 2030 and 87,800 in 2050.<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Church of England releases an annual publication, Statistics for Mission, detailing numerous criteria relating to participation with the church. Below is a snapshot of several key metrics from every five years since 2001 (2022 has been used in place of 2021 to avoid the impact of Covid restrictions). </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Category </th> <th>2001<sup id="cite_ref-mission-2011_181-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mission-2011-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2006<sup id="cite_ref-mission-2011_181-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mission-2011-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2011<sup id="cite_ref-mission-2016_182-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mission-2016-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2016<sup id="cite_ref-mission-2016_182-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mission-2016-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2022<sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Worshipping Community<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>1,138,800 </td> <td>984,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>All Age Weekly Attendance </td> <td>1,205,000 </td> <td>1,163,000 </td> <td>1,050,300 </td> <td>927,300 </td> <td>654,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>All Age Sunday Attendance </td> <td>1,041,000 </td> <td>983,000 </td> <td>858,400 </td> <td>779,800 </td> <td>547,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Easter Attendance </td> <td>1,593,000 </td> <td>1,485,000 </td> <td>1,378,200 </td> <td>1,222,700 </td> <td>861,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Christmas Attendance </td> <td>2,608,000 </td> <td>2,994,000 </td> <td>2,641,500 </td> <td>2,580,000 </td> <td>1,622,000 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personnel">Personnel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Personnel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2020, there were almost 20,000 active clergy serving in the Church of England, including 7,200 retired clergy who continued to serve. In that year, 580 were ordained (330 in stipendiary posts and 250 in self-supporting parochial posts) and a further 580 ordinands began their training.<sup id="cite_ref-Ministry2020_186-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ministry2020-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In that year, 33% of those in ordained ministry were female, an increase from the 26% reported in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-Ministry2020_186-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ministry2020-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Anglican_ministry" title="Anglican ministry">Anglican ministry</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Church_of_England_dioceses" title="List of Church of England dioceses">List of Church of England dioceses</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dioceses_of_Church_of_England.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Dioceses_of_Church_of_England.svg/220px-Dioceses_of_Church_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Dioceses_of_Church_of_England.svg/330px-Dioceses_of_Church_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Dioceses_of_Church_of_England.svg/440px-Dioceses_of_Church_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Dioceses of the Church of England <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #00;background-color:#FFF400; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Canterbury" title="Province of Canterbury">Province of Canterbury</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #00;background-color:#FD8F9E; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Province_of_York" title="Province of York">Province of York</a></div></figcaption></figure> <p>Article XIX ('Of the Church') of the Thirty-nine Articles defines the church as follows: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The <a href="/wiki/Church_visible" title="Church visible">visible Church of Christ</a> is a congregation of faithful men, in which <a href="/wiki/Marks_of_the_Church_(Protestantism)" title="Marks of the Church (Protestantism)">the pure Word of God is preached, and the sacraments be duly ministered</a> according to Christ's ordinance in all those things that of necessity are requisite to the same.<sup id="cite_ref-187" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">The British monarch</a> has the constitutional title of <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Governor_of_the_Church_of_England" title="Supreme Governor of the Church of England">Supreme Governor of the Church of England</a>. The canon law of the Church of England states, "We acknowledge that the King's most excellent Majesty, acting according to the laws of the realm, is the highest power under God in this kingdom, and has supreme authority over all persons in all causes, as well ecclesiastical as civil."<sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In practice this power is often exercised through <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament</a> and on the advice of the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ireland" title="Church of Ireland">Church of Ireland</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Church_in_Wales" title="Church in Wales">Church in Wales</a> separated from the Church of England in 1869<sup id="cite_ref-irishchurchact_189-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irishchurchact-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 1920<sup id="cite_ref-wales-heritage_190-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wales-heritage-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> respectively and are autonomous churches in the Anglican Communion; Scotland's national church, the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Church of Scotland</a>, is <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</a>, but the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Scottish Episcopal Church</a> is part of the Anglican Communion.<sup id="cite_ref-episcopal-history_191-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-episcopal-history-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to England, the jurisdiction of the Church of England extends to the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands" title="Channel Islands">Channel Islands</a> and a few parishes in <a href="/wiki/Flintshire" title="Flintshire">Flintshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monmouthshire" title="Monmouthshire">Monmouthshire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Powys" title="Powys">Powys</a> in Wales <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England_border_polls_1915%E2%80%931916" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of England border polls 1915–1916">which voted to remain with the Church of England rather than joining the Church in Wales</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Expatriate congregations on the continent of Europe have become the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Gibraltar_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Gibraltar in Europe">Diocese of Gibraltar in Europe</a>. </p><p>The church is structured as follows (from the lowest level upwards):<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TootBaldon_StLawrence_ParishChurch.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/TootBaldon_StLawrence_ParishChurch.JPG/220px-TootBaldon_StLawrence_ParishChurch.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/TootBaldon_StLawrence_ParishChurch.JPG/330px-TootBaldon_StLawrence_ParishChurch.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/TootBaldon_StLawrence_ParishChurch.JPG/440px-TootBaldon_StLawrence_ParishChurch.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2600" data-file-height="1560" /></a><figcaption>The parish church of St Lawrence in <a href="/wiki/Toot_Baldon" title="Toot Baldon">Toot Baldon</a> is typical of many small English village churches</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parish" title="Parish">Parish</a> is the most local level, often consisting of one church building (a <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England_parish_church" title="Church of England parish church">parish church</a>) and community, although many parishes are joining forces in a variety of ways for financial reasons. The parish is looked after by a parish <a href="/wiki/Anglican_priest" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican priest">priest</a> who for historical or legal reasons may be called by one of the following offices: <a href="/wiki/Vicar" title="Vicar">vicar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rector_(ecclesiastical)" title="Rector (ecclesiastical)">rector</a>, <a href="/wiki/Priest_in_charge" title="Priest in charge">priest in charge</a>, team rector, team vicar. The first, second, fourth and fifth of these may also be known as the 'incumbent'. The running of the parish is the joint responsibility of the incumbent and the <a href="/wiki/Parochial_church_council" title="Parochial church council">parochial church council</a> (PCC), which consists of the parish clergy and elected representatives from the congregation. The Diocese of Gibraltar in Europe is not formally divided into parishes.</li> <li>There are a number of local churches that do not have a parish. In urban areas there are a number of <a href="/wiki/Proprietary_chapel" title="Proprietary chapel">proprietary chapels</a> (mostly built in the 19th century to cope with urbanisation and growth in population). Also in more recent years there are increasingly <a href="/wiki/Church_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Church plant">church plants</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fresh_expression" title="Fresh expression">fresh expressions</a> of church, whereby new congregations are planted in locations such as schools or pubs to spread the Gospel of Christ in non-traditional ways.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Diocese_of_Gibraltar_in_Europe.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Diocese_of_Gibraltar_in_Europe.png/220px-Diocese_of_Gibraltar_in_Europe.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Diocese_of_Gibraltar_in_Europe.png/330px-Diocese_of_Gibraltar_in_Europe.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Diocese_of_Gibraltar_in_Europe.png/440px-Diocese_of_Gibraltar_in_Europe.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="447" /></a><figcaption>Map showing the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Gibraltar_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Gibraltar in Europe">Diocese of Gibraltar in Europe</a> with the archdeaconries colour-coded</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deanery" title="Deanery">Deanery</a>, <i>e.g.</i>, Lewisham or Runnymede. This is the area for which a <a href="/wiki/Rural_Dean" class="mw-redirect" title="Rural Dean">Rural Dean</a> (or area dean) is responsible. It consists of a number of parishes in a particular district. The rural dean is usually the incumbent of one of the constituent parishes. The parishes each elect lay (non-ordained) representatives to the deanery <a href="/wiki/Synod" title="Synod">synod</a>. Deanery synod members each have a vote in the election of representatives to the diocesan synod.</li> <li>Archdeaconry, <i>e.g.</i>, the seven in the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Gibraltar_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Gibraltar in Europe">Diocese of Gibraltar in Europe</a>. This is the area under the jurisdiction of an <a href="/wiki/Archdeacon" title="Archdeacon">archdeacon</a>. It consists of a number of deaneries.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese" title="Diocese">Diocese</a>, <i>e.g.</i>, <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Durham" title="Diocese of Durham">Diocese of Durham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Guildford" title="Diocese of Guildford">Diocese of Guildford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_St_Albans" title="Diocese of St Albans">Diocese of St Albans</a>. This is the area under the jurisdiction of a diocesan bishop, <i>e.g.</i>, the bishops of Durham, Guildford and St Albans, and will have a cathedral. There may be one or more <a href="/wiki/Suffragan_bishop" title="Suffragan bishop">suffragan bishops</a> within the diocese who assist the diocesan bishop in his ministry, <i>e.g.</i>, in Guildford diocese, the Bishop of Dorking. In some very large dioceses a legal measure has been enacted to create "episcopal areas", where the diocesan bishop runs one such area himself and appoints "area bishops" to run the other areas as mini-dioceses, legally delegating many of his powers to the area bishops. Dioceses with episcopal areas include <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_London" title="Diocese of London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Chelmsford" title="Diocese of Chelmsford">Chelmsford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Oxford" title="Diocese of Oxford">Oxford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Chichester" title="Diocese of Chichester">Chichester</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Southwark" title="Anglican Diocese of Southwark">Southwark</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Lichfield" title="Diocese of Lichfield">Lichfield</a>. The bishops work with an elected body of <a href="/wiki/Laity" title="Laity">lay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ordained" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordained">ordained</a> representatives, known as the <a href="/wiki/Diocesan_Synod" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocesan Synod">Diocesan Synod</a>, to run the diocese. A diocese is subdivided into a number of archdeaconries.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_province" title="Ecclesiastical province">Province</a>, <i>i.e.</i>, Canterbury or York. This is the area under the jurisdiction of an <a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">archbishop</a>, <i>i.e.</i> the Archbishops of Canterbury and York. Decision-making within the province is the responsibility of the General Synod (see also above). A province is subdivided into dioceses.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primacy_of_Canterbury" title="Primacy of Canterbury">Primacy</a>, <i>i.e.</i>, Church of England. The <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_York" title="Archbishop of York">Archbishop of York</a>'s title of "Primate of England" is essentially honorific and carries with it no powers beyond those inherent in being <a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">Archbishop</a> and <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_bishop" title="Metropolitan bishop">Metropolitan</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_York" title="Province of York">Province of York</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EGM_193-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EGM-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a>, on the other hand, the "Primate of All England", has powers that extend over the whole of England, and also <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a>—for example, through his <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Faculties" class="mw-redirect" title="Court of Faculties">Faculty Office</a> he may grant a "special marriage licence" permitting the parties to marry otherwise than in a church: for example, in a school, college or university chapel;<sup id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-194"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or anywhere, if one of the parties to the intended marriage is in danger of imminent death.<sup id="cite_ref-195" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-195"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-196" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-196"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Peculiar" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Peculiar">Royal Peculiar</a>, a small number of churches which are more closely associated with <a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">the Crown</a>, for example <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a>, and a very few more closely associated with the law which although conforming to the rites of the Church, are outside episcopal jurisdiction.</li></ul> <p>All rectors and vicars are <a href="/wiki/Advowson" title="Advowson">appointed by patrons</a>, who may be private individuals, corporate bodies such as cathedrals, colleges or trusts, or by the bishop or directly by the Crown. No clergy can be instituted and inducted into a parish without swearing the Oath of Allegiance to His Majesty, and taking the Oath of Canonical Obedience "in all things lawful and honest" to the bishop. Usually they are instituted to the benefice by the bishop and then inducted by the archdeacon into the possession of the benefice property—church and parsonage. <a href="/wiki/Curate" title="Curate">Curates</a> (assistant clergy) are appointed by rectors and vicars, or if priests-in-charge by the bishop after consultation with the patron. Cathedral clergy (normally a <a href="/wiki/List_of_deans_in_the_Church_of_England" title="List of deans in the Church of England">dean</a> and a varying number of residentiary canons who constitute the cathedral chapter) are appointed either by the Crown, the bishop, or by the dean and chapter themselves. Clergy officiate in a diocese either because they hold office as beneficed clergy or are licensed by the bishop when appointed, or simply with permission.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primates">Primates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Primates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_The_Lord_Archbishop_of_Canterbury_crop_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Official_portrait_of_The_Lord_Archbishop_of_Canterbury_crop_2.jpg/175px-Official_portrait_of_The_Lord_Archbishop_of_Canterbury_crop_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Official_portrait_of_The_Lord_Archbishop_of_Canterbury_crop_2.jpg/262px-Official_portrait_of_The_Lord_Archbishop_of_Canterbury_crop_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Official_portrait_of_The_Lord_Archbishop_of_Canterbury_crop_2.jpg/349px-Official_portrait_of_The_Lord_Archbishop_of_Canterbury_crop_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Justin_Welby" title="Justin Welby">Justin Welby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The most senior bishop of the Church of England is the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a>, who is the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_bishop" title="Metropolitan bishop">metropolitan</a> of the southern province of England, the Province of Canterbury. He has the status of Primate of All England. He is the focus of unity for the worldwide Anglican Communion of independent national or regional churches. <a href="/wiki/Justin_Welby" title="Justin Welby">Justin Welby</a> has been Archbishop of Canterbury since the confirmation of his election on 4 February 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-197"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The second most senior bishop is the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_York" title="Archbishop of York">Archbishop of York</a>, who is the metropolitan of the northern province of England, the Province of York. For historical reasons (relating to the time of York's control by the <a href="/wiki/Danelaw" title="Danelaw">Danes</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-198" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-198"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>193<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he is referred to as the Primate of England. <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Cottrell" title="Stephen Cottrell">Stephen Cottrell</a> became Archbishop of York in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-199" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_London" title="Bishop of London">Bishop of London</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Durham" title="Bishop of Durham">Bishop of Durham</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Winchester" title="Bishop of Winchester">Bishop of Winchester</a> are ranked in the next three positions, insofar as the holders of those sees automatically become members of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-200" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-200"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-201" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-201"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diocesan_bishops">Diocesan bishops</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Diocesan bishops"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The process of appointing diocesan bishops is complex, due to historical reasons balancing hierarchy against democracy, and is handled by the <a href="/wiki/Appointment_of_Church_of_England_bishops" title="Appointment of Church of England bishops">Crown Nominations Committee</a> which submits names to the Prime Minister (acting on behalf of the Crown) for consideration.<sup id="cite_ref-202" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-202"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Representative_bodies">Representative bodies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Representative bodies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/General_Synod_of_the_Church_of_England" title="General Synod of the Church of England">General Synod of the Church of England</a></div> <p>The Church of England has a legislative body, General Synod. This can create two types of legislation, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Church_of_England_measures" title="List of Church of England measures">measures</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canon_law" title="Canon law">canons</a>. Measures have to be approved but cannot be amended by the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">British Parliament</a> before receiving <a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">royal assent</a> and becoming part of the law of England.<sup id="cite_ref-203" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-203"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although it is the <a href="/wiki/State_religion" title="State religion">established</a> church in England only, its measures must be approved by both Houses of Parliament including the non-English members. Canons require Royal Licence and Royal Assent, but form the law of the church, rather than the law of the land.<sup id="cite_ref-204" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-204"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another assembly is the <a href="/wiki/Convocations_of_Canterbury_and_York" title="Convocations of Canterbury and York">Convocation of the English Clergy</a>, which is older than the General Synod and its predecessor the Church Assembly. By the <a href="/wiki/Synodical_Government_Measure_1969" title="Synodical Government Measure 1969">Synodical Government Measure 1969</a> almost all of the Convocations' functions were transferred to the General Synod. Additionally, there are <a href="/wiki/Diocesan_Synod" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocesan Synod">Diocesan Synods</a> and <a href="/wiki/Deanery#Anglican_usage" title="Deanery">deanery synods</a>, which are the governing bodies of the divisions of the Church.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="House_of_Lords">House of Lords</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: House of Lords"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lords_Spiritual" title="Lords Spiritual">Lords Spiritual</a></div> <p>Of the 42 diocesan <a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">archbishops</a> and bishops in the Church of England, 26 are permitted to sit in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a>. The Archbishops of Canterbury and York automatically have seats, as do the bishops of <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_London" title="Bishop of London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Durham" title="Bishop of Durham">Durham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Winchester" title="Bishop of Winchester">Winchester</a>. The remaining 21 seats are filled in order of seniority by date of <a href="/wiki/Consecration" class="mw-redirect" title="Consecration">consecration</a>. It may take a diocesan bishop a number of years to reach the House of Lords, at which point he or she becomes a <a href="/wiki/Lords_Spiritual" title="Lords Spiritual">Lord Spiritual</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Sodor_and_Man" title="Bishop of Sodor and Man">Bishop of Sodor and Man</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Gibraltar_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Gibraltar in Europe">Bishop of Gibraltar in Europe</a> are not eligible to sit in the House of Lords as their dioceses lie outside the United Kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-205" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-205"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>199<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crown_Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Crown Dependencies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although they are not part of England or the United Kingdom, the Church of England is also the established church in the <a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Bailiwick of Jersey</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bailiwick_of_Guernsey" title="Bailiwick of Guernsey">Bailiwick of Guernsey</a>. The Isle of Man has its own diocese of <a href="/wiki/Sodor_and_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Sodor and Man">Sodor and Man</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Sodor_and_Man" title="Bishop of Sodor and Man">Bishop of Sodor and Man</a> is an ex officio member of the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_the_Isle_of_Man" title="Legislative Council of the Isle of Man">legislative council</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Tynwald" title="Tynwald">Tynwald</a> on the island.<sup id="cite_ref-206" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-206"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>200<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historically the <a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands" title="Channel Islands">Channel Islands</a> have been under the authority of the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Winchester" title="Bishop of Winchester">Bishop of Winchester</a>, but this authority has temporarily been delegated to the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Dover" title="Bishop of Dover">Bishop of Dover</a> since 2015. In <a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a> the <a href="/wiki/Dean_of_Jersey" title="Dean of Jersey">Dean of Jersey</a> is a non-voting member of the <a href="/wiki/States_of_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="States of Jersey">States of Jersey</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Guernsey" title="Guernsey">Guernsey</a> the Church of England is the <a href="/wiki/State_religion" title="State religion">established church</a>, although the <a href="/wiki/Dean_of_Guernsey" title="Dean of Guernsey">Dean of Guernsey</a> is not a member of the <a href="/wiki/States_of_Guernsey" title="States of Guernsey">States of Guernsey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-207" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-207"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sex_abuse">Sex abuse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Sex abuse"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion_sexual_abuse_cases" title="Anglican Communion sexual abuse cases">Anglican Communion sexual abuse cases</a></div> <p>The 2020 report from the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Inquiry_into_Child_Sexual_Abuse" title="Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse">Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse</a> found several cases of sexual abuse within the Church of England, and concluded that the Church did not protect children from sexual abuse, and allowed abusers to hide.<sup id="cite_ref-IICSA_2020_208-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IICSA_2020-208"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-religionmediacentre-1_209-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-religionmediacentre-1-209"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>203<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-religionmediacentre-2_210-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-religionmediacentre-2-210"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>204<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Church spent more effort defending alleged abusers than supporting victims or protecting children and young people.<sup id="cite_ref-IICSA_2020_208-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IICSA_2020-208"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Allegations were not taken seriously, and in some cases clergymen were ordained even with a history of child sex abuse.<sup id="cite_ref-211" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-211"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>205<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bishop <a href="/wiki/Peter_Ball_(bishop)" title="Peter Ball (bishop)">Peter Ball</a> was convicted in October 2015 on several charges of <a href="/wiki/Indecent_assault" title="Indecent assault">indecent assault</a> against young adult men.<sup id="cite_ref-religionmediacentre-1_209-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-religionmediacentre-1-209"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>203<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-religionmediacentre-2_210-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-religionmediacentre-2-210"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>204<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sentence2015_212-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sentence2015-212"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>206<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2023, the <a href="/wiki/Archbishops%27_Council" title="Archbishops' Council">Archbishops' Council</a> dismissed the three board members of the Independent Safeguarding Board, which was set up in 2021 "to hold the Church to account, publicly if needs be, for any failings which are preventing good safeguarding from happening". A statement issued by the Archbishops of Canterbury and York referred to there being "no prospect of resolving the disagreement and that it is getting in the way of the vital work of serving victims and survivors". <a href="/wiki/Jasvinder_Sanghera" title="Jasvinder Sanghera">Jasvinder Sanghera</a> and Steve Reeves, the two independent members of the board, had complained about interference with their work by the Church.<sup id="cite_ref-213" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-213"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Bishop of Birkenhead, <a href="/wiki/Julie_Conalty" title="Julie Conalty">Julie Conalty</a>, speaking to <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a> in connection with the dismissals, said: "I think culturally we are resistant as a church to accountability, to criticism. And therefore I don't entirely trust the church, even though I'm a key part of it and a leader within it, because I see the way the wind blows is always in a particular direction."<sup id="cite_ref-214" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-214"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>208<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 20 July 2023, it was announced that the archbishops of Canterbury and York had appointed <a href="/wiki/Alexis_Jay" title="Alexis Jay">Alexis Jay</a> to provide proposals for an independent system of safeguarding for the Church of England.<sup id="cite_ref-215" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-215"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>209<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funding_and_finances">Funding and finances</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Funding and finances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Properties_and_finances_of_the_Church_of_England" title="Properties and finances of the Church of England">Properties and finances of the Church of England</a></div> <p>Although an established church, the Church of England does not receive any direct government support, except some funding for building work. Donations comprise its largest source of income, and it also relies heavily on the income from its various historic endowments. In 2005, the Church of England had estimated total outgoings of around £900 million.<sup id="cite_ref-216" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-216"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>210<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Church of England manages an <a href="/wiki/Investment_portfolio" class="mw-redirect" title="Investment portfolio">investment portfolio</a> which is worth more than £8 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-217" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-217"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>211<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Online_church_directories">Online church directories</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Online church directories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Church of England runs <i>A Church Near You</i>, an online directory of churches. A user-edited resource, it currently lists more than 16,000 churches and has 20,000 editors in 42 dioceses.<sup id="cite_ref-218" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-218"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>212<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The directory enables parishes to maintain accurate location, contact and event information, which is shared with other websites and <a href="/wiki/Mobile_app" title="Mobile app">mobile apps</a>. The site allows the public to find their local worshipping community, and offers churches free resources,<sup id="cite_ref-A_Church_Near_You_219-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A_Church_Near_You-219"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>213<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such as hymns, videos and social media graphics. </p><p>The <i>Church Heritage Record</i> includes information on over 16,000 church buildings, including architectural history, archaeology, art history, and the surrounding natural environment.<sup id="cite_ref-220" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-220"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>214<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It can be searched by elements including church name, diocese, date of construction, footprint size, <a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">listing grade</a>, and church type. The types of church identified include: </p> <ul><li>Major Parish Church: "some of the most special, significant and well-loved places of worship in England", having "most of all" of the characteristics of being large (over 1,000msq), <a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">listed</a> (generally grade I or II*), having "exceptional significance and/or issues necessitating a conservation management plan" and having a local role beyond that of an average parish church. As of December 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> there are 312 such churches in the database.<sup id="cite_ref-mpc_221-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mpc-221"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>215<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chr-mpc_222-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chr-mpc-222"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>216<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These churches are eligible to join the <a href="/wiki/Major_Churches_Network" title="Major Churches Network">Major Churches Network</a>.</li> <li>Festival Church: a church not used for weekly services but used for occasional services and other events.<sup id="cite_ref-festival_223-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-festival-223"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>217<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These churches are eligible to join the Association of Festival Churches.<sup id="cite_ref-afc_224-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afc-224"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>218<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of December 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> there are 19 such churches in the database.<sup id="cite_ref-chr-fc_225-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chr-fc-225"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>219<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>CCT Church: a church under the care of the <a href="/wiki/Churches_Conservation_Trust" title="Churches Conservation Trust">Churches Conservation Trust</a>. As of December 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> there are 345 such churches in the database.<sup id="cite_ref-chr-cct_226-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chr-cct-226"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>220<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Friendless Church: as of December 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> there are 24 such churches in the database;<sup id="cite_ref-chr-friendless_227-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chr-friendless-227"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>221<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Friends_of_Friendless_Churches" title="Friends of Friendless Churches">Friends of Friendless Churches</a> cares for 60 churches across England and Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-ffc-about_228-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ffc-about-228"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>222<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/31px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/47px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/62px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/32px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/48px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/64px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:England" title="Portal:England">England portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Supremacy" title="Acts of Supremacy">Acts of Supremacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolicae_curae" title="Apostolicae curae">Apostolicae curae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_the_medieval_cathedrals_of_England" title="Architecture of the medieval cathedrals of England">Architecture of the medieval cathedrals of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion_sexual_abuse_cases" title="Anglican Communion sexual abuse cases">Anglican Communion sexual abuse cases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Commissioners" title="Church Commissioners">Church Commissioners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_England_Newspaper" title="Church of England Newspaper">Church of England Newspaper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disestablishmentarianism" title="Disestablishmentarianism">Disestablishmentarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Monasteries" class="mw-redirect" title="Dissolution of the Monasteries">Dissolution of the Monasteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Covenant" title="English Covenant">English Covenant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Reformation" title="English Reformation">English Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_development_of_Church_of_England_dioceses" title="Historical development of Church of England dioceses">Historical development of Church of England dioceses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archdeacons_in_the_Church_of_England" title="List of archdeacons in the Church of England">List of archdeacons in the Church of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bishops_in_the_Church_of_England" title="List of bishops in the Church of England">List of bishops in the Church of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_first_32_women_ordained_as_Church_of_England_priests" title="List of the first 32 women ordained as Church of England priests">List of the first 32 women ordained as Church of England priests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_largest_Protestant_bodies" class="mw-redirect" title="List of the largest Protestant bodies">List of the largest Protestant bodies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mothers%27_Union" title="Mothers' Union">Mothers' Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Properties_and_finances_of_the_Church_of_England" title="Properties and finances of the Church of England">Properties and finances of the Church of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritualism_in_the_Church_of_England" title="Ritualism in the Church of England">Ritualism in the Church of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_and_the_Church" title="Women and the Church">Women and the Church</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Broad_church" title="Broad church">Broad church</a> (including variations of <a href="/wiki/High_church" title="High church">high church</a> and <a href="/wiki/Low_church" title="Low church">low church</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">With various theological and doctrinal identities, including <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Catholic">Anglo-Catholic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Christianity" title="Liberal Christianity">Liberal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Anglicanism" title="Evangelical Anglicanism">Evangelicals</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Using 2022 due to <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">Covid</a> restrictions in 2021</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Attendance of at least once per month, first used after 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The powers to grant special marriage licences, to appoint <a href="/wiki/Notary_public" title="Notary public">notaries public</a>, and to grant <a href="/wiki/Lambeth_degree" title="Lambeth degree">Lambeth degrees</a>, are derived from the so called "legatine powers" which were held by the Pope's Legate to England prior to the Reformation, and were transferred to the Archbishop of Canterbury by the Ecclesiastical Licences Act 1533. Thus they are not, strictly speaking, derived from the status of the Archbishop of Canterbury as "Primate of All England". For this reason, they extend also to Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-EGM_193-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EGM-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The bishops are named in this order in the section.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oikoumene.org/en/member-churches/church-of-england">Church of England</a> at World Council of Churches</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoorman19733–4,_9-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoorman19733–4,_9_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoorman1973">Moorman 1973</a>, pp. 3–4, 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DetailedHistory-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DetailedHistory_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220416023707/https://www.churchofengland.org/news-and-media/media-centre/history-church-england">"History of the Church of England"</a>. Church of England. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofengland.org/news-and-media/media-centre/history-church-england">the original</a> on 16 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Church+of+England&rft.pub=Church+of+England&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.churchofengland.org%2Fnews-and-media%2Fmedia-centre%2Fhistory-church-england&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBootySykesKnight1998" class="citation book cs1">Booty, John E.; Sykes, Stephen; Knight, Jonathan, eds. (1998). <i>Study of Anglicanism</i>. London: Fortress Books. p. 477. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-281-05175-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-281-05175-5"><bdi>0-281-05175-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Study+of+Anglicanism&rft.place=London&rft.pages=477&rft.pub=Fortress+Books&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-281-05175-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDelaney,_John_P.1980" class="citation book cs1">Delaney, John P. (1980). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofsain00dela/page/67"><i>Dictionary of Saints</i></a></span> (Second ed.). Garden City, NY: Doubleday. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofsain00dela/page/67">67–68</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-385-13594-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-385-13594-8"><bdi>978-0-385-13594-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Saints&rft.place=Garden+City%2C+NY&rft.pages=67-68&rft.edition=Second&rft.pub=Doubleday&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978-0-385-13594-8&rft.au=Delaney%2C+John+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdictionaryofsain00dela%2Fpage%2F67&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoorman197319-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoorman197319_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoorman1973">Moorman 1973</a>, p. 19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/event/Synod-of-Whitby">"Synod of Whitby | English Church history"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Synod+of+Whitby+%26%23124%3B+English+Church+history&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fevent%2FSynod-of-Whitby&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a11-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a11_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMarshall2017a">Marshall 2017a</a>, p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacCulloch1996210-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacCulloch1996210_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMacCulloch1996">MacCulloch 1996</a>, p. 210.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a7-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a7_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMarshall2017a">Marshall 2017a</a>, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a8–9-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a8–9_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMarshall2017a">Marshall 2017a</a>, pp. 8–9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHefling202197–98-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHefling202197–98_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHefling2021">Hefling 2021</a>, pp. 97–98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacCulloch2001" class="citation book cs1">MacCulloch, Diarmaid (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/laterreformation00macc"><i>The Later Reformation in England, 1547–1603</i></a>. British History in Perspective (2nd ed.). Palgrave. pp. 1–2. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780333921395" title="Special:BookSources/9780333921395"><bdi>9780333921395</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Later+Reformation+in+England%2C+1547%E2%80%931603&rft.series=British+History+in+Perspective&rft.pages=1-2&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Palgrave&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780333921395&rft.aulast=MacCulloch&rft.aufirst=Diarmaid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flaterreformation00macc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a16–17-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a16–17_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMarshall2017a">Marshall 2017a</a>, pp. 16–17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShagan201729–31-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShagan201729–31_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShagan2017">Shagan 2017</a>, pp. 29–31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShagan201732-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShagan201732_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShagan2017">Shagan 2017</a>, p. 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHefling202196-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHefling202196_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHefling2021">Hefling 2021</a>, p. 96.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHefling202197-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHefling202197_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHefling2021">Hefling 2021</a>, p. 97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a126-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a126_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMarshall2017a">Marshall 2017a</a>, p. 126.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">G. W. Bernard, "The Dissolution of the Monasteries", <i>History</i> (2011) 96#324 p. 390.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a308-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017a308_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMarshall2017a">Marshall 2017a</a>, p. 308.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuffy2005" class="citation book cs1">Duffy, Eamon (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=K48k6JIcPrUC"><i>The Stripping of the Altars: Traditional Religion in England, <span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1400</span> – <span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1580</span></i></a> (2nd ed.). Yale University Press. pp. 450–454 and 458. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-10828-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-10828-6"><bdi>978-0-300-10828-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Stripping+of+the+Altars%3A+Traditional+Religion+in+England%2C+%3Cspan+title%3D%22circa%22%3Ec.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22white-space%3Anowrap%3B%22%3E%26thinsp%3B1400%3C%2Fspan%3E+%E2%80%93+%3Cspan+title%3D%22circa%22%3Ec.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22white-space%3Anowrap%3B%22%3E%26thinsp%3B1580%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.pages=450-454+and+458&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-300-10828-6&rft.aulast=Duffy&rft.aufirst=Eamon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DK48k6JIcPrUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShagan201741-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShagan201741_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShagan2017">Shagan 2017</a>, pp. 41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeanes2006" class="citation book cs1">Jeanes, Gordon (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ezVH2h6PKUcC">"Cranmer and Common Prayer"</a>. In Hefling, Charles; Shattuck, Cynthia (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Oxford_Guide_to_the_Book_of_Common_Prayer:_A_Worldwide_Survey" title="The Oxford Guide to the Book of Common Prayer: A Worldwide Survey">The Oxford Guide to the Book of Common Prayer: A Worldwide Survey</a></i>. Oxford University Press. p. 30. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-529756-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-529756-0"><bdi>978-0-19-529756-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cranmer+and+Common+Prayer&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Guide+to+the+Book+of+Common+Prayer%3A+A+Worldwide+Survey&rft.pages=30&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-19-529756-0&rft.aulast=Jeanes&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DezVH2h6PKUcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacCulloch1996412,_414-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacCulloch1996412,_414_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMacCulloch1996">MacCulloch 1996</a>, pp. 412, 414.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaigh1993" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Haigh" title="Christopher Haigh">Haigh, Christopher</a> (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zFmS2ng9z7wC"><i>English Reformations: Religion, Politics, and Society Under the Tudors</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. 179. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-822162-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-822162-3"><bdi>978-0-19-822162-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=English+Reformations%3A+Religion%2C+Politics%2C+and+Society+Under+the+Tudors&rft.pages=179&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-19-822162-3&rft.aulast=Haigh&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzFmS2ng9z7wC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017b51-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017b51_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017b51_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMarshall2017b">Marshall 2017b</a>, p. 51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017b49–51-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017b49–51_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMarshall2017b">Marshall 2017b</a>, pp. 49–51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017b50–51-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall2017b50–51_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMarshall2017b">Marshall 2017b</a>, pp. 50–51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eberle-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Eberle_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEberle2011" class="citation book cs1">Eberle, Edward J. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oYkzkVc_sG0C&q=%22church%20of%20england%22%20official%20state%20religion&pg=PA2"><i>Church and State in Western Society</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Ashgate_Publishing,_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.">Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.</a> p. 2. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4094-0792-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4094-0792-8"><bdi>978-1-4094-0792-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2012</span>. <q>The Church of England later became the official state Protestant church, with the monarch supervising church functions.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Church+and+State+in+Western+Society&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing%2C+Ltd.&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-4094-0792-8&rft.aulast=Eberle&rft.aufirst=Edward+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoYkzkVc_sG0C%26q%3D%2522church%2520of%2520england%2522%2520official%2520state%2520religion%26pg%3DPA2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fox-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fox_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFox2008" class="citation book cs1">Fox, Jonathan (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rE0NcgxNaKEC&q=%22church%20of%20england%22%20official%20state%20religion&pg=PA120"><i>A World Survey of Religion and the State</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. p. 120. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-88131-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-88131-9"><bdi>978-0-521-88131-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2012</span>. <q>The Church of England (Anglican) and the Church of Scotland (Presbyterian) are the official religions of the UK.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+World+Survey+of+Religion+and+the+State&rft.pages=120&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-521-88131-9&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrE0NcgxNaKEC%26q%3D%2522church%2520of%2520england%2522%2520official%2520state%2520religion%26pg%3DPA120&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ferrante-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ferrante_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerrante2010" class="citation book cs1">Ferrante, Joan (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AwnIIXI6y38C&q=%22church+of+england%22+official+state+religion&pg=PA408"><i>Sociology: A Global Perspective</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Cengage_Learning" class="mw-redirect" title="Cengage Learning">Cengage Learning</a>. p. 408. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8400-3204-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8400-3204-1"><bdi>978-0-8400-3204-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2012</span>. <q>the Church of England [Anglican], which remains the official state church</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sociology%3A+A+Global+Perspective&rft.pages=408&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-8400-3204-1&rft.aulast=Ferrante&rft.aufirst=Joan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAwnIIXI6y38C%26q%3D%2522church%2Bof%2Bengland%2522%2Bofficial%2Bstate%2Breligion%26pg%3DPA408&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHelmholz2003102-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHelmholz2003102_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHelmholz2003">Helmholz 2003</a>, p. 102.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWedgwood195831-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWedgwood195831_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWedgwood1958">Wedgwood 1958</a>, p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1968523–537-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1968523–537_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKing1968">King 1968</a>, pp. 523–537.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpurr199811–12-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpurr199811–12_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSpurr1998">Spurr 1998</a>, pp. 11–12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller1978" class="citation book cs1">Miller, John (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q1hnAAAAMAAJ"><i>James II; A study in kingship</i></a>. 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By Danby Pickering</i></a>. J. Bentham. p. 653.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Statutes+at+Large+from+the+Magna+Charta%2C+to+the+End+of+the+Eleventh+Parliament+of+Great+Britain%2C+Anno+1761+%5Bcontinued+to+1806%5D.+By+Danby+Pickering&rft.pages=653&rft.pub=J.+Bentham&rft.date=1799&rft.aulast=Pickering&rft.aufirst=Danby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DR1pRAQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA653&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180324152426/http://www.rahbarnes.co.uk/Union/ActOfUnion(Ireland).php">"An Act for the Union of Great Britain and Ireland 1800 – Article Fifth (sic)"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Heritage+Newfoundland+and+Labrador&rft.atitle=The+Church+of+England&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Piper&rft.aufirst=Liza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.heritage.nf.ca%2Farticles%2Fsociety%2Fanglicanism.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-x25-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-x25_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-x25_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiranda_Threlfall-Holmes2012" class="citation book cs1">Miranda Threlfall-Holmes (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hGipAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT133"><i>The Essential History of Christianity</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Church+of+England+could+return+to+defrocking+rogue+priests+after+child+abuse+scandals&rft.date=2015-07-13&rft.aulast=Bingham&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Freligion%2F11735289%2FChurch-of-England-could-return-to-defrocking-rogue-priests-after-child-abuse-scandals.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBingham2015" class="citation web cs1">Bingham, John (9 June 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/religion/11663692/Empty-pews-not-the-end-of-the-world-says-Church-of-Englands-newest-bishop.html">"Empty pews not the end of the world, says Church of England's newest bishop"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231223084828/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/religion/11663692/Empty-pews-not-the-end-of-the-world-says-Church-of-Englands-newest-bishop.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Empty+pews+not+the+end+of+the+world%2C+says+Church+of+England%27s+newest+bishop&rft.date=2015-06-09&rft.aulast=Bingham&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Freligion%2F11663692%2FEmpty-pews-not-the-end-of-the-world-says-Church-of-Englands-newest-bishop.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofengland.org/about-us/facts-stats.aspx">"Facts and Stats of The Church of England"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Christian+asks+to+be+%27de+baptised%27&rft.date=2009-03-18&rft.aulast=Gledhill&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fchristian-asks-to-be-de-baptised-9bzq7mtzs2q&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">"The representation of religious faiths". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/266078/chap15.pdf"><i>A House for the Future</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. UK Parliament. 2010. p. 155. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190725104756/https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/266078/chap15.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 25 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+representation+of+religious+faiths&rft.btitle=A+House+for+the+Future&rft.pages=155&rft.pub=UK+Parliament&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fuploads%2Fsystem%2Fuploads%2Fattachment_data%2Ffile%2F266078%2Fchap15.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoombe2001" class="citation news cs1">Coombe, Victoria (26 September 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1357547/Baptised-Anglicans-are-now-a-minority.html#:~:text=Babies%20born%20to%20two%20Anglican,per%20cent%20of%20the%20population.">"Baptised Anglicans are now a minority"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Baptised+Anglicans+are+now+a+minority&rft.date=2001-09-26&rft.aulast=Coombe&rft.aufirst=Victoria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuknews%2F1357547%2FBaptised-Anglicans-are-now-a-minority.html%23%3A~%3Atext%3DBabies%2520born%2520to%2520two%2520Anglican%2Cper%2520cent%2520of%2520the%2520population.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNasralla2013" class="citation news cs1">Nasralla, Shadia (21 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/religion-anglicans-idUSL6N0CDEGS20130321">"Update 1-Former oil executive becomes new head of Anglicans"</a>. <i>Reuters</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Update+1-Former+oil+executive+becomes+new+head+of+Anglicans&rft.date=2013-03-21&rft.aulast=Nasralla&rft.aufirst=Shadia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Freligion-anglicans-idUSL6N0CDEGS20130321&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCullinane2014" class="citation web cs1">Cullinane, Susannah (14 July 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2014/07/14/world/europe/uk-church-women-bishops/index.html">"Church of England to allow female bishops"</a>. <i>CNN</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Church+of+England+to+allow+female+bishops&rft.date=2014-07-14&rft.aulast=Cullinane&rft.aufirst=Susannah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2014%2F07%2F14%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fuk-church-women-bishops%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuñoz2016" class="citation journal cs1">Muñoz, Daniel (May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS1740355315000212">"North to South: A Reappraisal of Anglican Communion Membership Figures"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Anglican_Studies" title="Journal of Anglican Studies">Journal of Anglican Studies</a></i>. <b>14</b> (1): 71–95. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS1740355315000212">10.1017/S1740355315000212</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1740-3553">1740-3553</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Anglican+Studies&rft.atitle=North+to+South%3A+A+Reappraisal+of+Anglican+Communion+Membership+Figures&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=71-95&rft.date=2016-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS1740355315000212&rft.issn=1740-3553&rft.aulast=Mu%C3%B1oz&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1017%252FS1740355315000212&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGledhill2015" class="citation web cs1">Gledhill, Ruth (12 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.christiantoday.com/article/anglican-membership-figures-could-be-out-by-millions/70392.htm">"Anglican membership figures could be out by millions"</a>. <i>Christian Today</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Christian+Today&rft.atitle=Anglican+membership+figures+could+be+out+by+millions&rft.date=2015-11-12&rft.aulast=Gledhill&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.christiantoday.com%2Farticle%2Fanglican-membership-figures-could-be-out-by-millions%2F70392.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGerns2015" class="citation web cs1">Gerns, Andrew (13 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210415072712/https://www.episcopalcafe.com/exactly-how-big-is-the-anglican-communion/">"Exactly how big is the Anglican Communion?"</a>. <i>Episcopal Cafe</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.episcopalcafe.com/exactly-how-big-is-the-anglican-communion/">the original</a> on 15 April 2021 – via Internet Archive.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Episcopal+Cafe&rft.atitle=Exactly+how+big+is+the+Anglican+Communion%3F&rft.date=2015-11-13&rft.aulast=Gerns&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.episcopalcafe.com%2Fexactly-how-big-is-the-anglican-communion%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See the pages linked from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cofe.anglican.org/lifeevents/">Life Events page on the Church of England website</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101122050046/http://www.cofe.anglican.org/lifeevents/">Archived</a> 22 November 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBowler2001" class="citation book cs1">Bowler, Peter J. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=achurchnearyou.com&rft.atitle=A+Church+Near+You+Resource+Hub&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.achurchnearyou.com%2Fhub%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://facultyonline.churchofengland.org/about-the-church-heritage-record">"About the Church Heritage Record"</a>. <i>facultyonline.churchofengland.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170703135457/https://facultyonline.churchofengland.org/about-the-church-heritage-record">Archived</a> from the original on 3 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Church+of+England&rft.atitle=Major+Parish+Churches&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.churchofengland.org%2Fresources%2Fdiocesan-resources%2Fstrategic-planning-church-buildings%2Fmajor-parish-churches&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chr-mpc-222"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-chr-mpc_222-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://facultyonline.churchofengland.org/churches?grade=&period=&name=&diocese=&buildingatrisk=&footprint=&recordtype=3">"Church Heritage Record: Search on "Major Parish Church"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>facultyonline.churchofengland.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211208171621/https://facultyonline.churchofengland.org/churches?grade=&period=&name=&diocese=&buildingatrisk=&footprint=&recordtype=3">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=facultyonline.churchofengland.org&rft.atitle=Church+Heritage+Record%3A+Search+on+%22Major+Parish+Church%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffacultyonline.churchofengland.org%2Fchurches%3Fgrade%3D%26period%3D%26name%3D%26diocese%3D%26buildingatrisk%3D%26footprint%3D%26recordtype%3D3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-festival-223"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-festival_223-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofengland.org/resources/diocesan-resources/strategic-planning-church-buildings/festival-churches">"Festival churches"</a>. <i>The Church of England</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Church+of+England&rft.atitle=Festival+churches&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.churchofengland.org%2Fresources%2Fdiocesan-resources%2Fstrategic-planning-church-buildings%2Ffestival-churches&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-afc-224"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-afc_224-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211209084413/https://afchurches.org/">"The Association of Festival Churches"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://afchurches.org/">the original</a> on 9 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Association+of+Festival+Churches&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fafchurches.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chr-fc-225"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-chr-fc_225-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://facultyonline.churchofengland.org/churches?grade=&period=&name=&diocese=&buildingatrisk=&footprint=&recordtype=7">"Church Heritage Record: Search on "Festival Church"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>facultyonline.churchofengland.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=facultyonline.churchofengland.org&rft.atitle=Church+Heritage+Record%3A+Search+on+%22Festival+Church%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffacultyonline.churchofengland.org%2Fchurches%3Fgrade%3D%26period%3D%26name%3D%26diocese%3D%26buildingatrisk%3D%26footprint%3D%26recordtype%3D7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chr-cct-226"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-chr-cct_226-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://facultyonline.churchofengland.org/churches?grade=&period=&name=&diocese=&buildingatrisk=&footprint=&recordtype=10">"Church Heritage Record: Search on "CCT Church"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>facultyonline.churchofengland.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=facultyonline.churchofengland.org&rft.atitle=Church+Heritage+Record%3A+Search+on+%22CCT+Church%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffacultyonline.churchofengland.org%2Fchurches%3Fgrade%3D%26period%3D%26name%3D%26diocese%3D%26buildingatrisk%3D%26footprint%3D%26recordtype%3D10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chr-friendless-227"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-chr-friendless_227-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://facultyonline.churchofengland.org/churches?grade=&period=&name=&diocese=&buildingatrisk=&footprint=&recordtype=11">"Church Heritage Record: Search on "Friendless Church"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>facultyonline.churchofengland.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=facultyonline.churchofengland.org&rft.atitle=Church+Heritage+Record%3A+Search+on+%22Friendless+Church%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffacultyonline.churchofengland.org%2Fchurches%3Fgrade%3D%26period%3D%26name%3D%26diocese%3D%26buildingatrisk%3D%26footprint%3D%26recordtype%3D11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ffc-about-228"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ffc-about_228-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://friendsoffriendlesschurches.org.uk/about-us/">"About us"</a>. <i>Friends of Friendless Churches</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Friends+of+Friendless+Churches&rft.atitle=About+us&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffriendsoffriendlesschurches.org.uk%2Fabout-us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCowartKnappen2007" class="citation book cs1">Cowart, John Wilson; Knappen, M. M., eds. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tC1kuaetNqoC"><i>The Diary Of Samuel Ward, A Translator Of The 1611 King James Bible</i></a>. Bluefish Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Diary+Of+Samuel+Ward%2C+A+Translator+Of+The+1611+King+James+Bible&rft.pub=Bluefish+Books&rft.date=2007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtC1kuaetNqoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHefling2021" class="citation book cs1">Hefling, Charles (2021). <i>The Book of Common Prayer: A Guide</i>. Guides to Sacred Texts. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foso%2F9780190689681.001.0001">10.1093/oso/9780190689681.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780190689681" title="Special:BookSources/9780190689681"><bdi>9780190689681</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+Common+Prayer%3A+A+Guide&rft.series=Guides+to+Sacred+Texts&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Foso%2F9780190689681.001.0001&rft.isbn=9780190689681&rft.aulast=Hefling&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHelmholz2003" class="citation book cs1">Helmholz, R. H. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt155jbq3.12">"Judges and trials in the English ecclesiastical courts"</a>. In Mulholland, Maureen (ed.). <i>Judicial tribunals in England and Europe, 1200–1700: The trial in history</i>. Vol. I. Manchester University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-6342-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-6342-8"><bdi>978-0-7190-6342-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt155jbq3">j.ctt155jbq3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Judges+and+trials+in+the+English+ecclesiastical+courts&rft.btitle=Judicial+tribunals+in+England+and+Europe%2C+1200%E2%80%931700%3A+The+trial+in+history&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fj.ctt155jbq3%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.isbn=978-0-7190-6342-8&rft.aulast=Helmholz&rft.aufirst=R.+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fj.ctt155jbq3.12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing1968" class="citation journal cs1">King, Peter (July 1968). "The Episcopate during the Civil Wars, 1642-1649". <i><a href="/wiki/The_English_Historical_Review" title="The English Historical Review">The English Historical Review</a></i>. <b>83</b> (328). Oxford University Press: 523–537. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fehr%2Flxxxiii.cccxxviii.523">10.1093/ehr/lxxxiii.cccxxviii.523</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/564164">564164</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+English+Historical+Review&rft.atitle=The+Episcopate+during+the+Civil+Wars%2C+1642-1649&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=328&rft.pages=523-537&rft.date=1968-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fehr%2Flxxxiii.cccxxviii.523&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F564164%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacCulloch1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Diarmaid_MacCulloch" title="Diarmaid MacCulloch">MacCulloch, Diarmid</a> (1990). <i>The Later Reformation in England 1547–1603</i>. Palgrave. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-1-349-20692-6">10.1007/978-1-349-20692-6</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-333-41929-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-333-41929-8"><bdi>978-0-333-41929-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:142734652">142734652</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Later+Reformation+in+England+1547%E2%80%931603&rft.pub=Palgrave&rft.date=1990&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A142734652%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-1-349-20692-6&rft.isbn=978-0-333-41929-8&rft.aulast=MacCulloch&rft.aufirst=Diarmid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacCulloch1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Diarmaid_MacCulloch" title="Diarmaid MacCulloch">MacCulloch, Diarmaid</a> (1996). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/thomascranmerlif0000macc"><i>Thomas Cranmer: A Life</i></a></span> (revised ed.). London: Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780300226577" title="Special:BookSources/9780300226577"><bdi>9780300226577</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thomas+Cranmer%3A+A+Life&rft.place=London&rft.edition=revised&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9780300226577&rft.aulast=MacCulloch&rft.aufirst=Diarmaid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fthomascranmerlif0000macc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarshall2017a" class="citation book cs1">Marshall, Peter (2017a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=M7S_DgAAQBAJ"><i>Heretics and Believers: A History of the English Reformation</i></a>. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0300170627" title="Special:BookSources/978-0300170627"><bdi>978-0300170627</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Heretics+and+Believers%3A+A+History+of+the+English+Reformation&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0300170627&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM7S_DgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarshall2017b" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Marshall, Peter (2017b). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199639731.003.0003">"Settlement Patterns: The Church of England, 1553–1603"</a>. In Milton, Anthony (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1WfODQAAQBAJ"><i>The Oxford History of Anglicanism</i></a>. Vol. 1: Reformation and Identity, c. 1520–1662. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780199639731.001.0001">10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199639731.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199639731" title="Special:BookSources/9780199639731"><bdi>9780199639731</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Settlement+Patterns%3A+The+Church+of+England%2C+1553%E2%80%931603&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+History+of+Anglicanism&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780199639731.001.0001&rft.isbn=9780199639731&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780199639731.003.0003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoorman1973" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Moorman" title="John Moorman">Moorman, John R. H.</a> (1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TdnFzfzpOxsC"><i>A History of the Church in England</i></a> (3rd ed.). Morehouse Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0819214065" title="Special:BookSources/978-0819214065"><bdi>978-0819214065</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Church+in+England&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Morehouse+Publishing&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=978-0819214065&rft.aulast=Moorman&rft.aufirst=John+R.+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTdnFzfzpOxsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShagan2017" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Shagan, Ethan H. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199639731.003.0002">"The Emergence of the Church of England, c. 1520–1553"</a>. In Milton, Anthony (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1WfODQAAQBAJ"><i>The Oxford History of Anglicanism</i></a>. Vol. 1: Reformation and Identity, c. 1520–1662. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780199639731.001.0001">10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199639731.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199639731" title="Special:BookSources/9780199639731"><bdi>9780199639731</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Emergence+of+the+Church+of+England%2C+c.+1520%E2%80%931553&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+History+of+Anglicanism&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780199639731.001.0001&rft.isbn=9780199639731&rft.aulast=Shagan&rft.aufirst=Ethan+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780199639731.003.0002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShepherd,_Jr.Martin2005" class="citation book cs1">Shepherd, Jr., Massey H.; Martin, Dale B. (2005). "Anglicanism". In Jones, Lindsay (ed.). <i>Encyclopedia of Religion</i>. Vol. 1 (2nd. ed.). Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Anglicanism&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Religion&rft.place=Detroit&rft.edition=2nd.&rft.pub=Macmillan+Reference+USA&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Shepherd%2C+Jr.&rft.aufirst=Massey+H.&rft.au=Martin%2C+Dale+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpurr1998" class="citation book cs1">Spurr, John (1998). <i>English Puritanism, 1603–1689</i>. Palgrave. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-1-349-26854-2">10.1007/978-1-349-26854-2</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0333601884" title="Special:BookSources/978-0333601884"><bdi>978-0333601884</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=English+Puritanism%2C+1603%E2%80%931689&rft.pub=Palgrave&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-1-349-26854-2&rft.isbn=978-0333601884&rft.aulast=Spurr&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWedgwood1958" class="citation book cs1">Wedgwood, C.V. (1958). <i>The King's War, 1641–1647</i> (1983 ed.). Penguin Classics. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-006991-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-006991-4"><bdi>978-0-14-006991-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+King%27s+War%2C+1641%E2%80%931647&rft.edition=1983&rft.pub=Penguin+Classics&rft.date=1958&rft.isbn=978-0-14-006991-4&rft.aulast=Wedgwood&rft.aufirst=C.V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Buchanan, Colin. <i>Historical Dictionary of Anglicanism</i> (2nd ed. 2015) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Historical-Dictionary-Anglicanism-Dictionaries-Philosophies/dp/1442250151">excerpt</a></li> <li>Garbett, Cyril, Abp. <i>The Church of England Today</i>. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1953. 128 p.</li> <li>Moorman, James. A History of the Church in England. 1 June 1980. Publisher: MOREHOUSE PUBLISHING.</li> <li>Hardwick, Joseph. <i>An Anglican British world: The Church of England and the expansion of the settler empire, c. 1790–1860</i> (Manchester UP, 2014).</li> <li>Hodges, J. P. <i>The Nature of the Lion: Elizabeth I and Our Anglican Heritage</i>. London: Faith Press, 1962. 153 pp.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHunt1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Hunt_(priest)" title="William Hunt (priest)">Hunt, William</a> (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/England, The Church of"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/England,_The_Church_of">"England, The Church of" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). pp. 442–454.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=England%2C+The+Church+of&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=442-454&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurch+of+England" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Kirby, James. <i>Historians and the Church of England: Religion and Historical Scholarship, 1870–1920</i> (2016) online at <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facprof%3Aoso%2F9780198768159.001.0001">10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198768159.001.0001</a></li> <li>Lawson, Tom. <i>God and War: The Church of England and Armed Conflict in the Twentieth Century</i> (Routledge, 2016).</li> <li>Maughan Steven S. <i>Mighty England Do Good: Culture, Faith, Empire, and World in the Foreign Missions of the Church of England, 1850–1915</i> (2014)</li> <li>Picton, Hervé. <i>A Short History of the Church of England: From the Reformation to the Present Day</i>. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2015. 180 p.</li> <li>Rowlands, John Henry Lewis. <i>Church, State, and Society, 1827–1845: the Attitudes of John Keble, Richard Hurrell Froude, and John Henry Newman</i>. (1989). xi, 262 p. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85093-132-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-85093-132-1">1-85093-132-1</a></li> <li>Tapsell, Grant. <i>The later Stuart Church, 1660–1714</i> (2012).</li> <li>Milton, Anthony. The Oxford History of Anglicanism, 5 Vols, 2017.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Church_of_England" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Church of England">Church of England</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofengland.org/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82708#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://anglicanhistory.org/england/">Historical resources on the Church of England</a> at anglicanhistory.org</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/15729">Works by Church of England</a> at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> (public domain audiobooks) <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></li> <li>The History Files: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.historyfiles.co.uk/MainChurchesIndex.htm">Churches of the British Isles</a>, a gallery of church photos and information</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iicsa.org.uk/publications/investigation/anglican-church">The Anglican Church Investigation Report</a> Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse, October 2020</li></ul> <div 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li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Template:Archbishop of Canterbury"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Template talk:Archbishop of Canterbury"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Archbishop of Canterbury"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Archbishop_of_Canterbury" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Welby" title="Justin Welby">Justin Welby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primate_of_All_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Primate of All England">Primate of All England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Archbishops_of_Canterbury" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Archbishops of Canterbury">List of Archbishops of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambeth_Palace" title="Lambeth Palace">Lambeth Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Canterbury" title="Province of Canterbury">Province of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Canterbury" title="Diocese of Canterbury">Diocese of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Cathedral" title="Canterbury Cathedral">Canterbury Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Palace,_Canterbury" title="Old Palace, Canterbury">Old Palace, Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Urquhart_(bishop)" title="David Urquhart (bishop)">David Urquhart</a>, Bishop to the Archbishops of Canterbury and York (episcopal assistant; <i>ad interim</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Nelson_(bishop)" title="Hugh Nelson (bishop)">Hugh Nelson</a>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bishop_to_the_Forces" title="Bishop to the Forces">Bishop to the Forces</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Clark_(bishop)" title="Jonathan Clark (bishop)">Jonathan Clark</a>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bishop_for_the_Falkland_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop for the Falkland Islands">Bishop for the Falkland Islands</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historic palaces<br />(Canterbury–Lambeth chain)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>The Old Palace, <a href="/wiki/Bekesbourne" title="Bekesbourne">Bekesbourne</a> (16th–17th centuries)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archbishop%27s_Palace,_Charing" title="Archbishop's Palace, Charing">Archbishop's Palace, Charing</a> (8th–16th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archbishop%27s_Palace,_Maidstone" title="Archbishop's Palace, Maidstone">Archbishop's Palace, Maidstone</a> (14th–16th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knole_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Knole House">Knole House</a> (15th–16th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otford_Palace" title="Otford Palace">Otford Palace</a> (8th–16th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Addington_Palace" title="Addington Palace">Addington Palace</a> (19th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croydon_Palace" title="Croydon Palace">Croydon Palace</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 10th–18th</span>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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href="/wiki/List_of_Church_of_England_dioceses" title="List of Church of England dioceses">list of dioceses</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Canterbury" title="Province of Canterbury">Province<br />of Canterbury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Bath_and_Wells" title="Diocese of Bath and Wells">Bath and Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Birmingham" title="Anglican Diocese of Birmingham">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Bristol" title="Diocese of Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Canterbury" title="Diocese of Canterbury">Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Chelmsford" title="Diocese of Chelmsford">Chelmsford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Chichester" title="Diocese of Chichester">Chichester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Coventry" title="Diocese of Coventry">Coventry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Derby" title="Diocese of Derby">Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Ely" title="Diocese of Ely">Ely</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Diocese_in_Europe" title="Diocese in Europe">Europe</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Exeter" title="Diocese of Exeter">Exeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Gloucester" title="Diocese of Gloucester">Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Guildford" title="Diocese of Guildford">Guildford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Hereford" title="Diocese of Hereford">Hereford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Leicester" title="Diocese of Leicester">Leicester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Lichfield" title="Diocese of Lichfield">Lichfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Lincoln" title="Diocese of Lincoln">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_London" title="Diocese of London">London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Norwich" title="Diocese of Norwich">Norwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Oxford" title="Diocese of Oxford">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Peterborough" title="Anglican Diocese of Peterborough">Peterborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Portsmouth" title="Anglican Diocese of Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Rochester" title="Diocese of Rochester">Rochester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_St_Albans" title="Diocese of St Albans">St Albans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_St_Edmundsbury_and_Ipswich" title="Diocese of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich">St Edmundsbury and Ipswich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Salisbury" title="Diocese of Salisbury">Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Southwark" title="Anglican Diocese of Southwark">Southwark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Truro" title="Diocese of Truro">Truro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Winchester" title="Diocese of Winchester">Winchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Worcester" title="Anglican Diocese of Worcester">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Province_of_York" title="Province of York">Province<br />of York</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Blackburn" title="Diocese of Blackburn">Blackburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Carlisle" title="Diocese of Carlisle">Carlisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Chester" title="Diocese of Chester">Chester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Durham" title="Diocese of Durham">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Leeds" title="Anglican Diocese of Leeds">Leeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Liverpool" title="Anglican Diocese of Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Manchester" title="Anglican Diocese of Manchester">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Newcastle" title="Diocese of Newcastle">Newcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Sheffield" title="Diocese of Sheffield">Sheffield</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Sodor_and_Man" title="Diocese of Sodor and Man">Sodor and Man</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Southwell_and_Nottingham" title="Diocese of Southwell and Nottingham">Southwell and Nottingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_York" title="Diocese of York">York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Church_in_Wales" title="Church in Wales">Church in Wales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Bangor" title="Diocese of Bangor">Bangor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Llandaff" title="Diocese of Llandaff">Llandaff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Monmouth" title="Diocese of Monmouth">Monmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_St_Asaph" title="Diocese of St Asaph">St Asaph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_St_Davids" title="Diocese of St Davids">St Davids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Swansea_and_Brecon" title="Diocese of Swansea and Brecon">Swansea and Brecon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Scottish Episcopal Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Aberdeen_and_Orkney" title="Diocese of Aberdeen and Orkney">Aberdeen and Orkney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Argyll_and_The_Isles_(Episcopal)" title="Diocese of Argyll and The Isles (Episcopal)">Argyll and The Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Brechin_(Episcopal)" title="Diocese of Brechin (Episcopal)">Brechin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Edinburgh" title="Diocese of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Glasgow_and_Galloway" title="Diocese of Glasgow and Galloway">Glasgow and Galloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Moray,_Ross_and_Caithness" title="Diocese of Moray, Ross and Caithness">Moray, Ross and Caithness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_St_Andrews,_Dunkeld_and_Dunblane" title="Diocese of St Andrews, Dunkeld and Dunblane">St Andrews, Dunkeld and Dunblane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ireland" title="Church of Ireland">Church of Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Armagh_(Church_of_Ireland)" title="Province of Armagh (Church of Ireland)">Province of Armagh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Armagh_(Church_of_Ireland)" title="Diocese of Armagh (Church of Ireland)">Armagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Clogher_(Church_of_Ireland)" title="Diocese of Clogher (Church of Ireland)">Clogher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Connor_(Church_of_Ireland)" title="Diocese of Connor (Church of Ireland)">Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Derry_and_Raphoe" title="Diocese of Derry and Raphoe">Derry and Raphoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Down_and_Dromore" title="Diocese of Down and Dromore">Down and Dromore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Kilmore,_Elphin_and_Ardagh" title="Diocese of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh">Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Dublin_(Church_of_Ireland)" title="Province of Dublin (Church of Ireland)">Province of Dublin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Cashel_and_Ossory" title="Diocese of Cashel and Ossory">Cashel and Ossory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Cork,_Cloyne_and_Ross" title="Diocese of Cork, Cloyne and Ross">Cork, Cloyne and Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Dublin_and_Glendalough" title="Diocese of Dublin and Glendalough">Dublin and Glendalough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Tuam,_Limerick_and_Killaloe" title="Diocese of Tuam, Limerick and Killaloe">Tuam, Limerick and Killaloe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Meath_and_Kildare" title="Diocese of Meath and Kildare">Meath and Kildare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Anglican_hierarchy_in_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FFFFFF; border-bottom: #7F1734 5px solid; border-top: #7F1734 5px 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4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Anglican_diocesan_bishops_in_Britain_and_Ireland" title="List of Anglican diocesan bishops in Britain and Ireland">Anglican hierarchy in Great Britain and Ireland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_England.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/20px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/30px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/40px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Church of England</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Canterbury" title="Province of Canterbury">Canterbury<br />Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Diocesan_bishop" title="Diocesan bishop">Diocesan<br />bishops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Bath_and_Wells" title="Bishop of Bath and Wells">Bath & Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Birmingham" title="Bishop of Birmingham">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Bristol" title="Bishop of Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Chelmsford" title="Bishop of Chelmsford">Chelmsford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Chichester" title="Bishop of Chichester">Chichester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Coventry" title="Bishop of Coventry">Coventry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Derby" title="Bishop of Derby">Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Ely" title="Bishop of Ely">Ely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Exeter" title="Bishop of Exeter">Exeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_Europe" title="Bishop in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Gloucester" title="Bishop of Gloucester">Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Guildford" title="Bishop of Guildford">Guildford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Hereford" title="Bishop of Hereford">Hereford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Leicester" title="Bishop of Leicester">Leicester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Lichfield" title="Bishop of Lichfield">Lichfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Lincoln" title="Bishop of Lincoln">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_London" title="Bishop of London">London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Norwich" title="Bishop of Norwich">Norwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Oxford" title="Bishop of Oxford">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Peterborough" title="Bishop of Peterborough">Peterborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Portsmouth_(Anglican)" title="Bishop of Portsmouth (Anglican)">Portsmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Rochester" title="Bishop of Rochester">Rochester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_St_Albans" title="Bishop of St Albans">St Albans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_St_Edmundsbury_and_Ipswich" title="Bishop of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich">St Edmundsbury & Ipswich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Salisbury" title="Bishop of Salisbury">Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Bishop_of_Southwark" title="Anglican Bishop of Southwark">Southwark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Truro" title="Bishop of Truro">Truro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Winchester" title="Bishop of Winchester">Winchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Worcester" title="Bishop of Worcester">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Suffragan_bishop" title="Suffragan bishop">Suffragan<br />bishops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Aston" title="Bishop of Aston">Aston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Barking" title="Bishop of Barking">Barking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Basingstoke" title="Bishop of Basingstoke">Basingstoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Bedford" title="Bishop of Bedford">Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Bradwell" title="Bishop of Bradwell">Bradwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Brixworth" title="Bishop of Brixworth">Brixworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Buckingham" title="Bishop of Buckingham">Buckingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Colchester" title="Bishop of Colchester">Colchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Crediton" title="Bishop of Crediton">Crediton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Croydon" title="Bishop of Croydon">Croydon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Dorchester_(modern)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Dorchester (modern)">Dorchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Dorking" title="Bishop of Dorking">Dorking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Dover" title="Bishop of Dover">Dover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Dudley" title="Bishop of Dudley">Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Dunwich" title="Bishop of Dunwich">Dunwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Ebbsfleet" title="Bishop of Ebbsfleet">Ebbsfleet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Edmonton_(London)" title="Bishop of Edmonton (London)">Edmonton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffragan_Bishop_in_Europe" title="Suffragan Bishop in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Fulham" title="Bishop of Fulham">Fulham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Grantham" title="Bishop of Grantham">Grantham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Grimsby" title="Bishop of Grimsby">Grimsby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Hertford" title="Bishop of Hertford">Hertford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Horsham" title="Bishop of Horsham">Horsham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Huntingdon" title="Bishop of Huntingdon">Huntingdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Kensington" title="Bishop of Kensington">Kensington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Kingston" title="Bishop of Kingston">Kingston-upon-Thames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Lewes" title="Bishop of Lewes">Lewes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Loughborough" title="Bishop of Loughborough">Loughborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Ludlow" title="Bishop of Ludlow">Ludlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Lynn" title="Bishop of Lynn">Lynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Maidstone" title="Bishop of Maidstone">Maidstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Plymouth_(Anglican)" title="Bishop of Plymouth (Anglican)">Plymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Ramsbury" title="Bishop of Ramsbury">Ramsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Reading" title="Bishop of Reading">Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Repton" title="Bishop of Repton">Repton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Richborough" title="Bishop of Richborough">Richborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Sherborne" title="Bishop of Sherborne">Sherborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Bishop_of_Shrewsbury" title="Anglican Bishop of Shrewsbury">Shrewsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Southampton" title="Bishop of Southampton">Southampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_St_Germans" title="Bishop of St Germans">St Germans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Stafford" title="Bishop of Stafford">Stafford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Stepney" title="Bishop of Stepney">Stepney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Swindon" title="Bishop of Swindon">Swindon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Taunton" title="Bishop of Taunton">Taunton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Tewkesbury" title="Bishop of Tewkesbury">Tewkesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Thetford" title="Bishop of Thetford">Thetford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Tonbridge" title="Bishop of Tonbridge">Tonbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Warwick" title="Bishop of Warwick">Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Willesden" title="Bishop of Willesden">Willesden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Wolverhampton" title="Bishop of Wolverhampton">Wolverhampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Woolwich" title="Bishop of Woolwich">Woolwich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Province_of_York" title="Province of York">York<br />Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Diocesan_bishop" title="Diocesan bishop">Diocesan<br />bishops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_York" title="Archbishop of York">Archbishop of York</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Blackburn" title="Bishop of Blackburn">Blackburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Carlisle" title="Bishop of Carlisle">Carlisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Chester" title="Bishop of Chester">Chester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Durham" title="Bishop of Durham">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Bishop_of_Leeds" title="Anglican Bishop of Leeds">Leeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Liverpool" title="Bishop of Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Manchester" title="Bishop of Manchester">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Newcastle_(England)" title="Bishop of Newcastle (England)">Newcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Sheffield" title="Bishop of Sheffield">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Sodor_and_Man" title="Bishop of Sodor and Man">Sodor & Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Southwell_and_Nottingham" title="Bishop of Southwell and Nottingham">Southwell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Suffragan_bishop" title="Suffragan bishop">Suffragan<br />bishops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Berwick" title="Bishop of Berwick">Berwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Beverley" title="Bishop of Beverley">Beverley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Birkenhead" title="Bishop of Birkenhead">Birkenhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Bolton" title="Bishop of Bolton">Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Bradford" title="Bishop of Bradford">Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Burnley" title="Bishop of Burnley">Burnley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Doncaster" title="Bishop of Doncaster">Doncaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Huddersfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Huddersfield">Huddersfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Hull" title="Bishop of Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Jarrow" title="Bishop of Jarrow">Jarrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Bishop_of_Lancaster" title="Anglican Bishop of Lancaster">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Middleton" title="Bishop of Middleton">Middleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Penrith" title="Bishop of Penrith">Penrith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Bishop_of_Richmond" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican Bishop of Richmond">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Ripon" title="Bishop of Ripon">Ripon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Selby" title="Bishop of Selby">Selby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Sherwood" title="Bishop of Sherwood">Sherwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Stockport" title="Bishop of Stockport">Stockport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Wakefield" title="Bishop of Wakefield">Wakefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Warrington" title="Bishop of Warrington">Warrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Whitby" title="Bishop of Whitby">Whitby</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_to_the_Forces" title="Bishop to the Forces">Bishop to the Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_to_the_Archbishops_of_Canterbury_and_York" title="Bishop to the Archbishops of Canterbury and York">Bishop to the Archbishops of Canterbury and York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="Bishop of the Falkland Islands">Bishop of the Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_to_HM_Prisons" title="Bishop to HM Prisons">Bishop to HM Prisons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spokesperson_bishops_in_the_Church_of_England" title="Spokesperson bishops in the Church of England">other spokesperson bishops</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Church_in_Wales_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Church_in_Wales_flag.svg/20px-Church_in_Wales_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Church_in_Wales_flag.svg/30px-Church_in_Wales_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Church_in_Wales_flag.svg/40px-Church_in_Wales_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="894" data-file-height="447" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Church_in_Wales" title="Church in Wales">Church in Wales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Wales" title="Archbishop of Wales">Archbishop of Wales</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Bangor" title="Bishop of Bangor">Bangor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Llandaff" title="Bishop of Llandaff">Llandaff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Monmouth" title="Bishop of Monmouth">Monmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_St_Asaph" title="Bishop of St Asaph">Saint Asaph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_St_Davids" title="Bishop of St Davids">Saint Davids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Swansea_and_Brecon" title="Bishop of Swansea and Brecon">Swansea & Brecon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Scotland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Scottish Episcopal<br />Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Primus_of_the_Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church">Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Aberdeen_and_Orkney" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Aberdeen and Orkney">Aberdeen and Orkney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Argyll_and_The_Isles_(Episcopal)" title="Bishop of Argyll and The Isles (Episcopal)">Argyll & The Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Brechin" title="Bishop of Brechin">Brechin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Edinburgh" title="Bishop of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Glasgow_and_Galloway" title="Bishop of Glasgow and Galloway">Glasgow & Galloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Moray,_Ross_and_Caithness" title="Bishop of Moray, Ross and Caithness">Moray, Ross & Caithness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_St_Andrews,_Dunkeld_and_Dunblane" title="Bishop of St Andrews, Dunkeld and Dunblane">St Andrews, Dunkeld & Dunblane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saint_Patrick%27s_Saltire.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Saint_Patrick%27s_Saltire.svg/20px-Saint_Patrick%27s_Saltire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Saint_Patrick%27s_Saltire.svg/30px-Saint_Patrick%27s_Saltire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Saint_Patrick%27s_Saltire.svg/40px-Saint_Patrick%27s_Saltire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ireland" title="Church of Ireland">Church of Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Armagh_(Church_of_Ireland)" title="Province of Armagh (Church of Ireland)">Armagh<br />Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Armagh_(Church_of_Ireland)" title="Archbishop of Armagh (Church of Ireland)">Archbishop of Armagh</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Clogher" title="Bishop of Clogher">Clogher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Connor" title="Bishop of Connor">Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Derry_and_Raphoe" title="Bishop of Derry and Raphoe">Derry and Raphoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Down_and_Dromore" title="Bishop of Down and Dromore">Down & Dromore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Kilmore,_Elphin_and_Ardagh" title="Bishop of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh">Kilmore, Elphin & Ardagh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Dublin_(Church_of_Ireland)" title="Province of Dublin (Church of Ireland)">Dublin<br />Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Dublin_(Church_of_Ireland)" title="Archbishop of Dublin (Church of Ireland)">Archbishop of Dublin</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Cashel_and_Ossory" title="Bishop of Cashel and Ossory">Cashel & Ossory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Cork,_Cloyne_and_Ross" title="Bishop of Cork, Cloyne and Ross">Cork, Cloyne & Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Limerick_and_Killaloe" title="Bishop of Limerick and Killaloe">Limerick & Killaloe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Meath_and_Kildare" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Meath and Kildare">Meath & Kildare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Anglican_Communion" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Anglican_Communion_footer" title="Template:Anglican Communion footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Anglican_Communion_footer" title="Template talk:Anglican Communion footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Anglican_Communion_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Anglican Communion footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Anglican_Communion" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Governor_of_the_Church_of_England" title="Supreme Governor of the Church of England">Supreme Governor of the Church of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_polity" title="Episcopal polity">Episcopal polity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion_Primates%27_Meetings" title="Anglican Communion Primates' Meetings">Anglican Communion Primates' Meeting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambeth_Conference" title="Lambeth Conference">Lambeth Conferences</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_Lambeth_Conference" title="Fifteenth Lambeth Conference">2022</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Consultative_Council" title="Anglican Consultative Council">Anglican Consultative Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_and_the_Anglican_Communion" title="Homosexuality and the Anglican Communion">Homosexuality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_Report" title="Windsor Report">Windsor Report</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordination_of_women_in_the_Anglican_Communion" title="Ordination of women in the Anglican Communion">Ordination of women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion_and_ecumenism" title="Anglican Communion and ecumenism">Ecumenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Anglican_Communion_dioceses" title="List of Anglican Communion dioceses">Dioceses</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anglican_rose.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Anglican_rose.svg/80px-Anglican_rose.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Anglican_rose.svg/120px-Anglican_rose.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Anglican_rose.svg/160px-Anglican_rose.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="745" data-file-height="701" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">African provinces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal/Anglican_Province_of_Alexandria" title="Episcopal/Anglican Province of Alexandria">Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_the_Anglican_Church_of_Burundi" title="Province of the Anglican Church of Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Province_of_Central_Africa" title="Church of the Province of Central Africa">Central Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_the_Anglican_Church_of_the_Congo" title="Province of the Anglican Church of the Congo">Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Province_of_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Church of the Province of the Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Kenya" title="Anglican Church of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Mozambique_and_Angola" title="Anglican Church of Mozambique and Angola">Mozambique and Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Nigeria" title="Church of Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Rwanda" title="Anglican Church of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Southern_Africa" title="Anglican Church of Southern Africa">Southern Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_the_Episcopal_Church_of_South_Sudan" title="Province of the Episcopal Church of South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_the_Episcopal_Church_of_Sudan" title="Province of the Episcopal Church of Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Tanzania" title="Anglican Church of Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Uganda" title="Church of Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Province_of_West_Africa" title="Church of the Province of West Africa">West Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pan-American provinces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Episcopal_Church_of_Brazil" title="Anglican Episcopal Church of Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Canada" title="Anglican Church of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_in_Central_America" title="Anglican Church in Central America">Central America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Chile" title="Anglican Church of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Mexico" title="Anglican Church of Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_South_America" title="Anglican Church of South America">South America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_(United_States)" title="Episcopal Church (United States)">United States of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_in_the_Province_of_the_West_Indies" title="Church in the Province of the West Indies">West Indies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asian provinces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Bangladesh" title="Church of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> (United)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Sheng_Kung_Hui" title="Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui">Hong Kong and Macao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_in_Japan" title="Anglican Church in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_in_Jerusalem_and_the_Middle_East" title="Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East">Jerusalem and the Middle East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Korea" title="Anglican Church of Korea">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Province_of_Myanmar" title="Church of the Province of Myanmar">Myanmar (Burma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_North_India" title="Church of North India">North India</a> (United)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Pakistan" title="Church of Pakistan">Pakistan</a> (United)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_in_the_Philippines" title="Episcopal Church in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Province_of_South_East_Asia" title="Church of the Province of South East Asia">South East Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_South_India" title="Church of South India">South India</a> (United)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">European provinces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">England</a> (including the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_in_Europe" title="Diocese in Europe">Diocese in Europe</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ireland" title="Church of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_in_Wales" title="Church in Wales">Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceanian provinces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_in_Aotearoa,_New_Zealand_and_Polynesia" title="Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia">Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Australia" title="Anglican Church of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Melanesia" title="Anglican Church of Melanesia">Melanesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Anglican Church of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Extra-provincial_Anglican_churches" title="Extra-provincial Anglican churches">Extra-provincial churches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Bermuda" title="Anglican Church of Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ceylon" title="Church of Ceylon">Ceylon (Sri Lanka)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parish_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="Parish of the Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusitanian_Catholic_Apostolic_Evangelical_Church" title="Lusitanian Catholic Apostolic Evangelical Church">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Reformed_Episcopal_Church" title="Spanish Reformed Episcopal Church">Spain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Churches in <a href="/wiki/Full_communion" title="Full communion">full communion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church" title="Mar Thoma Syrian Church">Mar Thoma Syrian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malabar_Independent_Syrian_Church" title="Malabar Independent Syrian Church">Malabar Syrian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Utrecht_(Old_Catholic)" title="Union of Utrecht (Old Catholic)">Union of Utrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Independent_Church" title="Philippine Independent Church">Philippine Independent Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porvoo_Communion" title="Porvoo Communion">Porvoo Communion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/31px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/47px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/62px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Anglicanism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Anglicanism_footer" title="Template:Anglicanism footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Anglicanism_footer" title="Template talk:Anglicanism footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Anglicanism_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Anglicanism footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Anglicanism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Communion_(religion)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communion (religion)">Communions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_realignment" title="Anglican realignment">Anglican realignment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuing_Anglican_movement" title="Continuing Anglican movement">Continuing Anglican movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_ordinariate" title="Personal ordinariate">Personal ordinariates</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Compassrose_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Compassrose_Flag.svg/100px-Compassrose_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Compassrose_Flag.svg/150px-Compassrose_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Compassrose_Flag.svg/200px-Compassrose_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1726" data-file-height="1151" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity" title="History of Christianity">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity_in_Britain" title="History of Christianity in Britain">History of Christianity in Britain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Christianity" title="Celtic Christianity">Celtic Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Anglo-Saxon_England" title="Christianity in Anglo-Saxon England">Anglo-Saxon Christianity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelberht_of_Kent" title="Æthelberht of Kent">Æthelberht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_of_Northumbria" title="Edwin of Northumbria">Edwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offa_of_Mercia" title="Offa of Mercia">Offa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Canterbury" title="Augustine of Canterbury">Augustine of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulinus_of_York" title="Paulinus of York">Paulinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygeberht" title="Hygeberht">Hygeberht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bede" title="Bede">Bede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_the_medieval_cathedrals_of_England" title="Architecture of the medieval cathedrals of England">Medieval architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII" title="Henry VIII">Henry VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Reformation" title="English Reformation">English Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer" title="Thomas Cranmer">Cranmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Monasteries" class="mw-redirect" title="Dissolution of the Monasteries">Dissolution of Monasteries</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Church of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ireland" title="Church of Ireland">Church of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_succession" title="Apostolic succession">Apostolic succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_VI" title="Edward VI">Edward VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I" title="Elizabeth I">Elizabeth I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Parker" title="Matthew Parker">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hooker" title="Richard Hooker">Hooker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/King_James_Version" title="King James Version">King James Version</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Laud" title="William Laud">Laud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Divines" title="Caroline Divines">Caroline Divines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonjuring_schism" title="Nonjuring schism">Nonjuring schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Movement" title="Oxford Movement">Oxford Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Catholicism" title="Anglo-Catholicism">Anglo-Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Church" title="Modern Church">Modern Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anglican_doctrine" title="Anglican doctrine">Theology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Father#Christianity" title="God the Father">Father</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Son" title="God the Son">Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christianity" title="Holy Spirit in Christianity">Holy Spirit</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thirty-nine_Articles" title="Thirty-nine Articles">Thirty-nine Articles</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago-Lambeth_Quadrilateral" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago-Lambeth Quadrilateral">Lambeth Quadrilateral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_sacraments" title="Anglican sacraments">Sacraments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharist_in_Anglicanism" title="Eucharist in Anglicanism">Eucharist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Marian_theology" title="Anglican Marian theology">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saints_in_Anglicanism" title="Saints in Anglicanism">Saints</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_liturgy" title="Christian liturgy">Liturgy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christian_worship" title="Christian worship">worship</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer" title="Book of Common Prayer">Book of Common Prayer</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1549)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1549)">1549</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1552)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1552)">1552</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1662)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1662)">1662</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1928,_United_States)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1928, United States)">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1962)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1962)">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1979)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1979)">1979</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Use" title="Anglican Use">Anglican Use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daily_Office_(Anglican)" title="Daily Office (Anglican)">Morning</a> / <a href="/wiki/Evensong" title="Evensong">Evening Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Anglican_Church_calendars" title="List of Anglican Church calendars">Liturgical year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_canon" title="Biblical canon">Biblical canon</a></li> <li><i><a 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Russian_Orthodox_Churches_in_Western_Europe" title="Archdiocese of Russian Orthodox Churches in Western Europe">Archdiocese of Russian Orthodox Churches in Western Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_the_British_Isles_and_Ireland" title="Archdiocese of the British Isles and Ireland">Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of the British Isles and Ireland (Antioch)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Archdiocese_of_Thyateira_and_Great_Britain" title="Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain">Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain (Constantinople)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Diocese_of_Great_Britain_and_Western_Europe" title="Russian Orthodox Diocese of Great Britain and Western Europe">Russian Orthodox Diocese of Great Britain and Western Europe (ROCOR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Diocese_of_Sourozh" title="Russian Orthodox Diocese of Sourozh">Russian Orthodox Diocese of Sourozh (Moscow)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Orthodox_Eparchy_of_Britain_and_Scandinavia" title="Serbian Orthodox Eparchy of Britain and Scandinavia">Serbian Orthodox Eparchy of Britain and Scandinavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodox">Oriental Orthodox</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church" title="Armenian Apostolic Church">Armenian Apostolic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Orthodox_Church" title="British Orthodox Church">British Orthodox Church</a><sup id="cite_ref-note_n0_229-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-note_n0-229"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_Britain_and_Ireland" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in Britain and Ireland">Coptic Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK,_Europe_and_Africa_Malankara_Orthodox_Diocese" title="UK, Europe and Africa Malankara Orthodox Diocese">Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Catholic">Catholic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syro-Malabar_Catholic_Eparchy_of_Great_Britain" title="Syro-Malabar Catholic Eparchy of Great Britain">Syro-Malabar Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Catholic_Eparchy_of_the_Holy_Family_of_London" title="Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of the Holy Family of London">Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Christianity" title="Western Christianity">Western Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personal_Ordinariate_of_Our_Lady_of_Walsingham" title="Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham">Anglican Catholic Ordinariate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_England_and_Wales" title="Catholic Church in England and Wales">Roman Catholic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Proto-Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Protestant">Proto-Protestant</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Hussite" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hussite" class="mw-redirect" title="Hussite">Hussite</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church_of_the_British_Province" title="Moravian Church of the British Province">Moravian Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_England" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church of England">Evangelical Lutheran Church of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Church_in_Great_Britain" title="Lutheran Church in Great Britain">Lutheran Church in Great Britain</a><sup id="cite_ref-note_n1_230-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-note_n1-230"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calvinist" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinist">Reformed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_and_uniting_churches" title="United and uniting churches">United</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Reformed_Church" title="United Reformed Church">United Reformed Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/English_Presbyterianism" title="English Presbyterianism">Main article</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Presbyterian_Church_in_England_and_Wales" title="Evangelical Presbyterian Church in England and Wales">Evangelical Presbyterian Church in England and Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Presbyterian_Church" title="International Presbyterian Church">International Presbyterian Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Congregationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregationalist">Congregationalist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregational_Federation" title="Congregational Federation">Congregational Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Fellowship_of_Congregational_Churches" title="Evangelical Fellowship of Congregational Churches">Evangelical Fellowship of Congregational Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellowship_of_Independent_Evangelical_Churches" title="Fellowship of Independent Evangelical Churches">Fellowship of Independent Evangelical Churches</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calvinistic_Methodists" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinistic Methodists">Calvinistic Methodists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Countess_of_Huntingdon%27s_Connexion" title="Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion">Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Communion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Church of England</a><sup id="cite_ref-note_n1_230-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-note_n1-230"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Continuing_Anglican_movement" title="Continuing Anglican movement">Continuing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Diocese of the United Kingdom">Diocese of the United Kingdom</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_England_(Continuing)" title="Church of England (Continuing)">Church of England (Continuing)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anglican_realignment" title="Anglican realignment">Realignment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Mission_in_England" title="Anglican Mission in England">Anglican Mission in England</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_Church_of_England" title="Free Church of England">Free Church of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Episcopal_Church" title="Open Episcopal Church">Open Episcopal Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anabaptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anabaptist">Anabaptist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruderhof_Communities" title="Bruderhof Communities">Bruderhof Communities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Unitarianism" title="Unitarianism">Unitarian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_Unitarian_and_Free_Christian_Churches" title="General Assembly of Unitarian and Free Christian Churches">General Assembly of Unitarian and Free Christian Churches</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Grace_Baptist_Churches_(South_East)" title="Association of Grace Baptist Churches (South East)">Association of Grace Baptist Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptists_Together" title="Baptists Together">Baptists Together</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_Standard" title="Gospel Standard">Gospel Standard Strict Baptists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Baptist_Union" title="Old Baptist Union">Old Baptist Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Nazarene" title="Church of the Nazarene">Church of the Nazarene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Methodist_Church" title="Free Methodist Church">Free Methodist Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Methodist_Connexion" title="Independent Methodist Connexion">Independent Methodist Connexion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_of_Great_Britain" title="Methodist Church of Great Britain">Methodist Church of Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Salvation_Army" title="The Salvation Army">Salvation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesleyan_Holiness_Church" title="Wesleyan Holiness Church">Wesleyan Holiness Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesleyan_Reform_Union" title="Wesleyan Reform Union">Wesleyan Reform Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren" title="Plymouth Brethren">Plymouth<br />Brethren</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_Brethren" title="Exclusive Brethren">Exclusive Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Brethren" title="Open Brethren">Open Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren_Christian_Church" title="Plymouth Brethren Christian Church">Plymouth Brethren Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needed_Truth_Brethren" title="Needed Truth Brethren">Needed Truth Brethren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Adventist" class="mw-redirect" title="Adventist">Adventist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh-day Adventist Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pentecostal" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentecostal">Pentecostal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Holiness_Pentecostalism" title="Holiness Pentecostalism">Holiness</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_God_in_Christ" title="Church of God in Christ">Calvary Church of God in Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_God_of_Prophecy" title="Church of God of Prophecy">Church of God of Prophecy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_God_(Cleveland,_Tennessee)" title="Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee)">New Testament Church of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redeemed_Christian_Church_of_God" title="Redeemed Christian Church of God">Redeemed Christian Church of God</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Finished_Work" class="mw-redirect" title="Finished Work">Finished<br />Work</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Church_(1916_denomination)" title="Apostolic Church (1916 denomination)">Apostolic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assemblies_of_God_in_Great_Britain" title="Assemblies of God in Great Britain">Assemblies of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elim_Pentecostal_Church" title="Elim Pentecostal Church">Elim Pentecostal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Pentecost" title="The Church of Pentecost">The Church of Pentecost</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neo-charismatic_movement" title="Neo-charismatic movement">Neo-charismatic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calvary_Chapel_Association" title="Calvary Chapel Association">Calvary Chapel United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newfrontiers" title="Newfrontiers">Newfrontiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vineyard_Churches_UK_and_Ireland" title="Vineyard Churches UK and Ireland">Vineyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichthus_Christian_Fellowship" title="Ichthus Christian Fellowship">Ichthus Christian Fellowship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quakers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Restorationism" title="Restorationism">Restorationism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Restoration_Movement" title="Restoration Movement">Stone–Campbell</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Churches_of_Christ" title="Churches of Christ">Churches of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Churches_of_Christ" title="International Churches of Christ">International Churches of Christ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saint</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_England" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in England">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in England</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Irvingism" class="mw-redirect" title="Irvingism">Irvingism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Apostolic_Church" title="Catholic Apostolic Church">Catholic Apostolic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Apostolic_Church" title="New Apostolic Church">New Apostolic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-note_n0-229"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-note_n0_229-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Not in <a href="/wiki/Koinonia" title="Koinonia">communion</a> with the other <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Churches" title="Oriental Orthodox Churches">Oriental Orthodox Churches</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-note_n1-230"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-note_n1_230-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-note_n1_230-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Porvoo_Communion" title="Porvoo Communion">Porvoo Communion</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="reflist"> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Scotland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Scotland</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christianity" title="Eastern Christianity">Eastern Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Russian_Orthodox_Churches_in_Western_Europe" title="Archdiocese of Russian Orthodox Churches in Western Europe">Archdiocese of Russian Orthodox Churches in Western Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Archdiocese_of_Thyateira_and_Great_Britain" title="Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain">Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain (Constantinople)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Diocese_of_Sourozh" title="Russian Orthodox Diocese of Sourozh">Russian Orthodox Diocese of Sourozh (Moscow)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodox">Oriental Orthodox</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Orthodox_Church" title="British Orthodox Church">British Orthodox Church</a><sup id="cite_ref-note_n0_233-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-note_n0-233"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK,_Europe_and_Africa_Malankara_Orthodox_Diocese" title="UK, Europe and Africa Malankara Orthodox Diocese">Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Catholic">Catholic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syro-Malabar_Catholic_Eparchy_of_Great_Britain" title="Syro-Malabar Catholic Eparchy of Great Britain">Syro-Malabar Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Catholic_Eparchy_of_the_Holy_Family_of_London" title="Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of the Holy Family of London">Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Christianity" title="Western Christianity">Western Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personal_Ordinariate_of_Our_Lady_of_Walsingham" title="Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham">Anglican Catholic Ordinariate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Scotland" title="Catholic Church in Scotland">Roman Catholic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_England" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church of England">Evangelical Lutheran Church of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Church_in_Great_Britain" title="Lutheran Church in Great Britain">Lutheran Church in Great Britain</a><sup id="cite_ref-note_n1_234-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-note_n1-234"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calvinist" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinist">Calvinist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_and_uniting_churches" title="United and uniting churches">United</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Reformed_Church" title="United Reformed Church">United Reformed Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Associated_Presbyterian_Churches" title="Associated Presbyterian Churches">Associated Presbyterian Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Church of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Church_of_Scotland_(since_1900)" title="Free Church of Scotland (since 1900)">Free Church of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Church_of_Scotland_(Continuing)" title="Free Church of Scotland (Continuing)">Free Church of Scotland (Continuing)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Presbyterian_Church_of_Scotland" title="Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland">Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Presbyterian_Church" title="International Presbyterian Church">International Presbyterian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Presbyterian_Church_of_Scotland" title="Reformed Presbyterian Church of Scotland">Reformed Presbyterian Church of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Free_Church_of_Scotland" title="United Free Church of Scotland">United Free Church of Scotland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Congregationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregationalist">Congregationalist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregational_Federation" title="Congregational Federation">Congregational Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellowship_of_Independent_Evangelical_Churches" title="Fellowship of Independent Evangelical Churches">Fellowship of Independent Evangelical Churches</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Scottish Episcopal Church</a><sup id="cite_ref-note_n1_234-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-note_n1-234"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Unitarianism" title="Unitarianism">Unitarian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_Unitarian_and_Free_Christian_Churches" title="General Assembly of Unitarian and Free Christian Churches">General Assembly of Unitarian and Free Christian Churches</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptist_Union_of_Scotland" title="Baptist Union of Scotland">Baptist Union of Scotland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Nazarene" title="Church of the Nazarene">Church of the Nazarene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_of_Great_Britain" title="Methodist Church of Great Britain">Methodist Church of Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Salvation_Army" title="The Salvation Army">Salvation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesleyan_Reform_Union" title="Wesleyan Reform Union">Wesleyan Reform Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren" title="Plymouth Brethren">Plymouth<br />Brethren</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_Brethren" title="Exclusive Brethren">Exclusive Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Brethren" title="Open Brethren">Open Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren_Christian_Church" title="Plymouth Brethren Christian Church">Plymouth Brethren Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needed_Truth_Brethren" title="Needed Truth Brethren">Needed Truth Brethren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Adventist" class="mw-redirect" title="Adventist">Adventist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh-day Adventist Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pentecostal" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentecostal">Pentecostal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Holiness_Pentecostalism" title="Holiness Pentecostalism">Holiness</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Redeemed_Christian_Church_of_God" title="Redeemed Christian Church of God">Redeemed Christian Church of God</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Finished_Work" class="mw-redirect" title="Finished Work">Finished<br />Work</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Church_(1916_denomination)" title="Apostolic Church (1916 denomination)">Apostolic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assemblies_of_God_in_Great_Britain" title="Assemblies of God in Great Britain">Assemblies of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elim_Pentecostal_Church" title="Elim Pentecostal Church">Elim Pentecostal Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neo-charismatic_movement" title="Neo-charismatic movement">Neo-charismatic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calvary_Chapel_Association" title="Calvary Chapel Association">Calvary Chapel United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catch_the_Fire_World" title="Catch the Fire World">Catch the Fire World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newfrontiers" title="Newfrontiers">Newfrontiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vineyard_Churches_UK_and_Ireland" title="Vineyard Churches UK and Ireland">Vineyard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quakers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Restorationism" title="Restorationism">Restorationism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Restoration_Movement" title="Restoration Movement">Stone–Campbell</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Churches_of_Christ" title="Churches of Christ">Churches of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Churches_of_Christ" title="International Churches of Christ">International Churches of Christ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saint</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Scotland" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Scotland">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Scotland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Irvingism" class="mw-redirect" title="Irvingism">Irvingism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Apostolic_Church" title="Catholic Apostolic Church">Catholic Apostolic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Apostolic_Church" title="New Apostolic Church">New Apostolic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-note_n0-233"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-note_n0_233-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Not in <a href="/wiki/Koinonia" title="Koinonia">communion</a> with the other <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Churches" title="Oriental Orthodox Churches">Oriental Orthodox Churches</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-note_n1-234"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-note_n1_234-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-note_n1_234-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Porvoo_Communion" title="Porvoo Communion">Porvoo Communion</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="reflist"> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Northern_Ireland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Northern Ireland</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christianity" title="Eastern Christianity">Eastern Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Eastern_Orthodox" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_the_British_Isles_and_Ireland" title="Archdiocese of the British Isles and Ireland">Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of the British Isles and Ireland (Antioch)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Metropolis_of_Ireland" title="Greek Orthodox Metropolis of Ireland">Greek Orthodox Metropolis of Ireland (Constantinople)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Diocese_of_Great_Britain_and_Western_Europe" title="Russian Orthodox Diocese of Great Britain and Western Europe">Russian Orthodox Diocese of Great Britain and Western Europe (ROCOR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Diocese_of_Sourozh" title="Russian Orthodox Diocese of Sourozh">Russian Orthodox Diocese of Sourozh (Moscow)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Christianity" title="Western Christianity">Western Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Ireland" title="Catholic Church in Ireland">Roman Catholic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Proto-Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Protestant">Proto-Protestant</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Hussite" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hussite" class="mw-redirect" title="Hussite">Hussite</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church_of_the_British_Province" title="Moravian Church of the British Province">Moravian Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Church_in_Ireland" title="Lutheran Church in Ireland">Lutheran Church in Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calvinist" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinist">Calvinist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Presbyterian_Church_(Ireland)" title="Evangelical Presbyterian Church (Ireland)">Evangelical Presbyterian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Presbyterian_Church_of_Ulster" title="Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster">Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_in_Ireland" title="Presbyterian Church in Ireland">Presbyterian Church in Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Presbyterian_Church_of_Ireland" title="Reformed Presbyterian Church of Ireland">Reformed Presbyterian Church of Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Congregationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregationalist">Congregationalist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregational_Union_of_Ireland" title="Congregational Union of Ireland">Congregational Union of Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ireland" title="Church of Ireland">Church of Ireland</a><sup id="cite_ref-note_n0_237-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-note_n0-237"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Baptist_Churches_in_Ireland" title="Association of Baptist Churches in Ireland">Association of Baptist Churches in Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Nazarene" title="Church of the Nazarene">Church of the Nazarene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellowship_of_Independent_Methodist_Churches" title="Fellowship of Independent Methodist Churches">Fellowship of Independent Methodist Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_in_Ireland" title="Methodist Church in Ireland">Methodist Church in Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Salvation_Army" title="The Salvation Army">Salvation Army</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren" title="Plymouth Brethren">Plymouth<br />Brethren</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_Brethren" title="Exclusive Brethren">Exclusive Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Brethren" title="Open Brethren">Open Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren_Christian_Church" title="Plymouth Brethren Christian Church">Plymouth Brethren Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needed_Truth_Brethren" title="Needed Truth Brethren">Needed Truth Brethren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Adventist" class="mw-redirect" title="Adventist">Adventist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh-day Adventist Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pentecostal" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentecostal">Pentecostal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Churches_Ireland" title="Christian Churches Ireland">Christian Churches Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elim_Pentecostal_Church" title="Elim Pentecostal Church">Elim Pentecostal Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neo-charismatic_movement" title="Neo-charismatic movement">Neo-charismatic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vineyard_Churches_UK_and_Ireland" title="Vineyard Churches UK and Ireland">Vineyard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Non-subscribing_Presbyterian_Church_of_Ireland" title="Non-subscribing Presbyterian Church of Ireland">Non-subscribing Presbyterian Church of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers_in_Ireland" title="Quakers in Ireland">Quakers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Restorationism" title="Restorationism">Restorationism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Restoration_Movement" title="Restoration Movement">Stone–Campbell</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Churches_of_Christ" title="Churches of Christ">Churches of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Churches_of_Christ" title="International Churches of Christ">International Churches of Christ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saint</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Ireland" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Ireland">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Northern Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Irvingism" class="mw-redirect" title="Irvingism">Irvingism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Apostolic_Church" title="New Apostolic Church">New Apostolic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-note_n0-237"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-note_n0_237-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Porvoo_Communion" title="Porvoo Communion">Porvoo Communion</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="reflist"> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Wales" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Wales</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christianity" title="Eastern Christianity">Eastern Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Russian_Orthodox_Churches_in_Western_Europe" title="Archdiocese of Russian Orthodox Churches in Western Europe">Archdiocese of Russian Orthodox Churches in Western Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Archdiocese_of_Thyateira_and_Great_Britain" title="Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain">Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain (Constantinople)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Diocese_of_Great_Britain_and_Western_Europe" title="Russian Orthodox Diocese of Great Britain and Western Europe">Russian Orthodox Diocese of Great Britain and Western Europe (ROCOR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Diocese_of_Sourozh" title="Russian Orthodox Diocese of Sourozh">Russian Orthodox Diocese of Sourozh (Moscow)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodox">Oriental Orthodox</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Orthodox_Church" title="British Orthodox Church">British Orthodox Church</a><sup id="cite_ref-note_n0_239-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-note_n0-239"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_Wales" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in Wales">Coptic Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK,_Europe_and_Africa_Malankara_Orthodox_Diocese" title="UK, Europe and Africa Malankara Orthodox Diocese">Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Catholic">Catholic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syro-Malabar_Catholic_Eparchy_of_Great_Britain" title="Syro-Malabar Catholic Eparchy of Great Britain">Syro-Malabar Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Catholic_Eparchy_of_the_Holy_Family_of_London" title="Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of the Holy Family of London">Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Christianity" title="Western Christianity">Western Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personal_Ordinariate_of_Our_Lady_of_Walsingham" title="Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham">Anglican Catholic Ordinariate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_England_and_Wales" title="Catholic Church in England and Wales">Roman Catholic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_England" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church of England">Evangelical Lutheran Church of England</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calvinist" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinist">Calvinist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Presbyterian_Church_in_England_and_Wales" title="Evangelical Presbyterian Church in England and Wales">Evangelical Presbyterian Church in England and Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Congregationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregationalist">Congregationalist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregational_Federation" title="Congregational Federation">Congregational Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Fellowship_of_Congregational_Churches" title="Evangelical Fellowship of Congregational Churches">Evangelical Fellowship of Congregational Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellowship_of_Independent_Evangelical_Churches" title="Fellowship of Independent Evangelical Churches">Fellowship of Independent Evangelical Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Welsh_Independents" title="Union of Welsh Independents">Union of Welsh Independents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calvinistic_Methodists" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinistic Methodists">Methodist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Wales" title="Presbyterian Church of Wales">Presbyterian Church of Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_in_Wales" title="Church in Wales">Church in Wales</a><sup id="cite_ref-note_n1_240-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-note_n1-240"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Unitarianism" title="Unitarianism">Unitarian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_Unitarian_and_Free_Christian_Churches" title="General Assembly of Unitarian and Free Christian Churches">General Assembly of Unitarian and Free Christian Churches</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptists_Together" title="Baptists Together">Baptists Together</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptist_Union_of_Wales" title="Baptist Union of Wales">Baptist Union of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Baptist_Union" title="Old Baptist Union">Old Baptist Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_of_Great_Britain" title="Methodist Church of Great Britain">Methodist Church of Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Salvation_Army" title="The Salvation Army">Salvation Army</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren" title="Plymouth Brethren">Plymouth<br />Brethren</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_Brethren" title="Exclusive Brethren">Exclusive Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Brethren" title="Open Brethren">Open Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren_Christian_Church" title="Plymouth Brethren Christian Church">Plymouth Brethren Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needed_Truth_Brethren" title="Needed Truth Brethren">Needed Truth Brethren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Adventist" class="mw-redirect" title="Adventist">Adventist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh-day Adventist Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pentecostal" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentecostal">Pentecostal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assemblies_of_God_in_Great_Britain" title="Assemblies of God in Great Britain">Assemblies of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elim_Pentecostal_Church" title="Elim Pentecostal Church">Elim Pentecostal Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newfrontiers" title="Newfrontiers">Newfrontiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quakers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Restorationism" title="Restorationism">Restorationism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Restoration_Movement" title="Restoration Movement">Stone–Campbell</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Churches_of_Christ" title="Churches of Christ">Churches of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Churches_of_Christ" title="International Churches of Christ">International Churches of Christ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saint</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Wales" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Wales">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Irvingism" class="mw-redirect" title="Irvingism">Irvingism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Apostolic_Church" title="New Apostolic Church">New Apostolic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-note_n0-239"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-note_n0_239-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Not in <a href="/wiki/Koinonia" title="Koinonia">communion</a> with the other <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Churches" title="Oriental Orthodox Churches">Oriental Orthodox Churches</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-note_n1-240"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-note_n1_240-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Porvoo_Communion" title="Porvoo Communion">Porvoo Communion</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="reflist"> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World_Council_of_Churches_(WCC)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_Council_of_Churches" title="Template:World Council of Churches"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_Council_of_Churches" title="Template talk:World Council of Churches"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_Council_of_Churches" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World Council of Churches"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_Council_of_Churches_(WCC)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/World_Council_of_Churches" title="World Council of Churches">World Council of Churches</a> (WCC)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Ecumenism" title="Ecumenism">Ecumenism</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background#"><div id="African-initiated" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/African-initiated_church" title="African-initiated church">African-initiated</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Africa_Brotherhood_Church&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Africa Brotherhood Church (page does not exist)">Africa Brotherhood Church</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Christian_Church_%26_Schools&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Christian Church & Schools (page does not exist)">African Christian Church & Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_Church_of_the_Holy_Spirit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="African Church of the Holy Spirit (page does not exist)">African Church of the Holy Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Israel_Church_Nineveh" title="African Israel Church Nineveh">African Israel Church Nineveh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Christ_-_Harris_Mission_(Harrist_Church)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of Christ - Harris Mission (Harrist Church) (page does not exist)">Church of Christ - Harris Mission (Harrist Church)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Christ_Light_of_the_Holy_Spirit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of Christ Light of the Holy Spirit (page does not exist)">Church of Christ Light of the Holy Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Council_of_African_Instituted_Churches_of_Southern_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Council of African Instituted Churches of Southern Africa (page does not exist)">Council of African Instituted Churches of Southern Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_African_Church" title="The African Church">The African Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Lord_(Aladura)" title="Church of the Lord (Aladura)">Church of the Lord (Aladura)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_First_African_Church_Mission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The First African Church Mission (page does not exist)">The First African Church Mission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background#"><div id="Anglicanism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Burundi" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican Church of Burundi">Anglican Church of Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Kenya" title="Anglican Church of Kenya">Anglican Church of Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Rwanda" title="Anglican Church of Rwanda">Anglican Church of Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Southern_Africa" title="Anglican Church of Southern Africa">Anglican Church of Southern Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Tanzania" title="Anglican Church of Tanzania">Anglican Church of Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Christ_in_Congo_-_Anglican_Community_of_Congo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Church of Christ in Congo - Anglican Community of Congo (page does not exist)">Church of Christ in Congo - Anglican Community of Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Nigeria" title="Church of Nigeria">Church of Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Province_of_Central_Africa" title="Church of the Province of Central Africa">Church of the Province of Central Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Province_of_West_Africa" title="Church of the Province of West Africa">Church of the Province of West Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Uganda" title="Church of Uganda">Church of Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal/Anglican_Province_of_Alexandria" title="Episcopal/Anglican Province of Alexandria">Episcopal/Anglican Province of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_the_Episcopal_Church_of_South_Sudan" title="Province of the Episcopal Church of South Sudan">Province of the Episcopal Church of South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_the_Episcopal_Church_of_Sudan" title="Province of the Episcopal Church of Sudan">Province of the Episcopal Church of Sudan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_in_Japan" title="Anglican Church in Japan">Anglican Church in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Korea" title="Anglican Church of Korea">Anglican Church of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ceylon" title="Church of Ceylon">Church of Ceylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Province_of_Myanmar" title="Church of the Province of Myanmar">Church of the Province of Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Province_of_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Church of the Province of the Indian Ocean">Church of the Province of the Indian Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_in_Jerusalem_and_the_Middle_East" title="Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East">Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_in_the_Philippines" title="Episcopal Church in the Philippines">Episcopal Church in the Philippines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_in_Wales" title="Church in Wales">Church in Wales</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Church of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ireland" title="Church of Ireland">Church of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusitanian_Catholic_Apostolic_Evangelical_Church" title="Lusitanian Catholic Apostolic Evangelical Church">Lusitanian Church of Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Scottish Episcopal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Reformed_Episcopal_Church" title="Spanish Reformed Episcopal Church">Spanish Reformed Episcopal Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Canada" title="Anglican Church of Canada">Anglican Church of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_(United_States)" title="Episcopal Church (United States)">Episcopal Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Latin America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_South_America" title="Anglican Church of South America">Anglican Church of South America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Episcopal_Church_of_Brazil" title="Anglican Episcopal Church of Brazil">Anglican Episcopal Church of Brazil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_in_Aotearoa,_New_Zealand_and_Polynesia" title="Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia">Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Australia" title="Anglican Church of Australia">Anglican Church of Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Melanesia" title="Anglican Church of Melanesia">Anglican Church of Melanesia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background#"><div id="Assyrian_Church" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Assyrian Church</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Global</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Apostolic_Catholic_Assyrian_Church_of_the_East" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East">Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background#"><div id="Baptists" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Association_of_Baptist_Churches_in_Rwanda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Association of Baptist Churches in Rwanda (page does not exist)">Association of Baptist Churches in Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptist_Community_of_Congo" title="Baptist Community of Congo">Baptist Community of Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Community_of_Baptist_Churches_in_Central_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Community of Baptist Churches in Central Africa (page does not exist)">Community of Baptist Churches in Central Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptist_Evangelical_Church_in_Angola" title="Baptist Evangelical Church in Angola">Baptist Evangelical Church in Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Episcopal_Baptist_Community_in_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Episcopal Baptist Community in Africa (page does not exist)">Episcopal Baptist Community in Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_Baptist_Church_of_Cameroon" title="Native Baptist Church of Cameroon">Native Baptist Church of Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Baptist_Convention" title="Nigerian Baptist Convention">Nigerian Baptist Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Baptist_Churches_of_Cameroon" title="Union of Baptist Churches of Cameroon">Union of Baptist Churches of Cameroon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Baptist_Church_Sangha" title="Bangladesh Baptist Church Sangha">Bangladesh Baptist Church Sangha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Orissa_Bihar_Baptist_Convention" title="Bengal Orissa Bihar Baptist Convention">Bengal Orissa Bihar Baptist Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Philippine_Baptist_Churches" title="Convention of Philippine Baptist Churches">Convention of Philippine Baptist Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Baptist_Churches_in_Northeast_India" title="Council of Baptist Churches in Northeast India">Council of Baptist Churches in Northeast India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar_Baptist_Convention" title="Myanmar Baptist Convention">Myanmar Baptist Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samavesam_of_Telugu_Baptist_Churches" title="Samavesam of Telugu Baptist Churches">Samavesam of Telugu Baptist Churches</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptist_Union_of_Denmark" title="Baptist Union of Denmark">Baptist Union of Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptists_Together" title="Baptists Together">Baptist Union of Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptist_Church_of_Hungary" title="Baptist Church of Hungary">Baptist Union of Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptist_Evangelical_Christian_Union_of_Italy" title="Baptist Evangelical Christian Union of Italy">Baptist Evangelical Christian Union of Italy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Baptist_Churches_USA" title="American Baptist Churches USA">American Baptist Churches USA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Baptist_Convention_of_America_International,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="National Baptist Convention of America International, Inc.">National Baptist Convention of America International, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Baptist_Convention,_USA,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.">National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_National_Baptist_Convention" title="Progressive National Baptist Convention">Progressive National Baptist Convention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Latin America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Baptist_Union" title="Jamaica Baptist Union">Jamaica Baptist Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptist_Convention_of_Haiti" title="Baptist Convention of Haiti">Baptist Convention of Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baptist_Association_of_El_Salvador&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baptist Association of El Salvador (page does not exist)">Baptist Association of El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptist_Convention_of_Nicaragua" title="Baptist Convention of Nicaragua">Baptist Convention of Nicaragua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptist_Churches_of_New_Zealand" title="Baptist Churches of New Zealand">Baptist Union of New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background#"><div id="Disciples_of_Christ_&amp;_Christian_Churches" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Disciples_of_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Disciples of Christ">Disciples of Christ & Christian Churches</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Disciples_of_Christ" title="Community of Disciples of Christ">Church of Christ in Congo - Community of Disciples of Christ in Congo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Reformed_Church" title="United Reformed Church">United Reformed Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Church_(Disciples_of_Christ)_in_Canada" title="Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) in Canada">Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Church_(Disciples_of_Christ)" title="Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)">Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) in the United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Latin America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evangelical_Church_of_the_Disciples_of_Christ_in_Argentina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evangelical Church of the Disciples of Christ in Argentina (page does not exist)">Evangelical Church of the Disciples of Christ in Argentina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Churches_New_Zealand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Churches New Zealand (page does not exist)">Christian Churches New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churches_of_Christ_in_Australia" title="Churches of Christ in Australia">Churches of Christ in Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background#"><div id="Eastern_Orthodoxy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodoxy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarchate_of_Alexandria_and_All_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria and All Africa">Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria and All Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Eastern Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_in_Japan" title="Orthodox Church in Japan">Orthodox Church in Japan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Europe & Western Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarchate" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecumenical Patriarchate">Ecumenical Patriarchate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Cyprus" title="Church of Cyprus">Church of Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Greece" title="Church of Greece">Church of Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarchate_of_Antioch_and_All_the_East" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch and All the East">Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch and All the East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarchate_of_Jerusalem" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem">Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Autocephalous_Church_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania">Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_of_the_Czech_Lands_and_Slovakia" title="Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia">Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_of_Finland" title="Orthodox Church of Finland">Orthodox Church of Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Autocephalous_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Autocephalous Orthodox Church">Polish Autocephalous Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Orthodox_Church" title="Romanian Orthodox Church">Romanian Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Orthodox_Church" title="Serbian Orthodox Church">Serbian Orthodox Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_in_America" title="Orthodox Church in America">Orthodox Church in America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background#"><div id="Evangelical" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Evangelical" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical">Evangelical</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africa_Inland_Church_Sudan" title="Africa Inland Church Sudan">African Inland Church of South Sudan and Sudan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lao_Evangelical_Church" title="Lao Evangelical Church">Lao Evangelical Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background#"><div id="Lutheranism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Evangelical_Church_Mekane_Yesus" title="Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus">Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Congo" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Congo">Evangelical Lutheran Church in Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_Ghana" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church of Ghana">Evangelical Lutheran Church of Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Namibia" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia">Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_the_Republic_of_Namibia" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Republic of Namibia">Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Republic of Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Southern_Africa" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa">Evangelical Lutheran Church in Southern Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Tanzania" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania">Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Zimbabwe" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Zimbabwe">Evangelical Lutheran Church in Zimbabwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Evangelical_Lutheran_Church" title="Kenya Evangelical Lutheran Church">Kenya Evangelical Lutheran Church</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutheran_Church_in_Liberia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lutheran Church in Liberia (page does not exist)">Lutheran Church in Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_Lutheran_Church" title="Malagasy Lutheran Church">Malagasy Lutheran Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batak_Christian_Community_Church" title="Batak Christian Community Church">Batak Christian Community Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Protestant_Angkola_Church" title="Christian Protestant Angkola Church">Christian Protestant Angkola Church</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Protestant_Church_in_Indonesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Protestant Church in Indonesia (page does not exist)">Christian Protestant Church in Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Jordan_and_the_Holy_Land" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Jordan and the Holy Land">Evangelical Lutheran Church in Jordan and the Holy Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church of Papua New Guinea">Evangelical Lutheran Church of Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Indonesian_Christian_Church" title="The Indonesian Christian Church">The Indonesian Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Christian_Church_of_Nias" title="Protestant Christian Church of Nias">Protestant Christian Church of Nias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Christian_Batak_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Christian Batak Church">Protestant Christian Batak Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_Sabah" title="Protestant Church in Sabah">Protestant Church in Sabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simalungun_Protestant_Christian_Church" title="Simalungun Protestant Christian Church">Simalungun Protestant Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Evangelical_Lutheran_Churches_in_India" title="United Evangelical Lutheran Churches in India">United Evangelical Lutheran Churches in India</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Norway" title="Church of Norway">Church of Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Sweden" title="Church of Sweden">Church of Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Evangelical_Lutheran_Church" title="Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church">Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_the_Augsburg_Confession_in_Poland" title="Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland">Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_the_Augsburg_Confession_in_Romania" title="Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Romania">Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_the_Augsburg_Confession_in_Slovakia" title="Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Slovakia">Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Denmark">Evangelical Lutheran Church in Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Hungary">Evangelical Lutheran Church in Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_Finland" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland">Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Iceland" title="Church of Iceland">Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_Latvia" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia">Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_Romania" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church of Romania">Evangelical Lutheran Church of Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_Abroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Latvian Evangelical Lutheran Church Abroad">Latvian Evangelical Lutheran Church Abroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Church in Germany">Protestant Church in Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Bavaria" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Bavaria">Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Brunswick" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Brunswick">Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_in_Central_Germany" title="Evangelical Church in Central Germany">Central Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical-Lutheran_Church_of_Hanover" title="Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Hanover">Hanover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Northern_Germany" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany">Northern Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Oldenburg" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Oldenburg">Oldenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical-Lutheran_Church_of_Saxony" title="Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Saxony">Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_Schaumburg-Lippe" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church of Schaumburg-Lippe">Schaumburg-Lippe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Church_in_W%C3%BCrttemberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran Church in Württemberg">Württemberg</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silesian_Evangelical_Church_of_the_Augsburg_Confession" title="Silesian Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession">Silesian Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Evangelical_Church_of_the_Augsburg_Confession_in_Serbia" title="Slovak Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Serbia">Slovak Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Serbia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_America" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in America">Evangelical Lutheran Church in America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Canada" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada">Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Latin America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolivian_Evangelical_Lutheran_Church" title="Bolivian Evangelical Lutheran Church">Bolivian Evangelical Lutheran Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_the_Lutheran_Confession_in_Brazil" title="Evangelical Church of the Lutheran Confession in Brazil">Evangelical Church of the Lutheran Confession in Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Chile" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Chile">Evangelical Lutheran Church in Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvadorean_Lutheran_Synod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salvadorean Lutheran Synod (page does not exist)">Salvadorean Lutheran Synod</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iglesia_Evang%C3%A9lica_Luterana_Unida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iglesia Evangélica Luterana Unida (page does not exist)">United Evangelical Lutheran Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background#"><div id="Mar_Thoma_Church" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Mar Thoma Church</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Global</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church_of_Malabar" class="mw-redirect" title="Mar Thoma Syrian Church of Malabar">Mar Thoma Syrian Church of Malabar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background#"><div id="Methodism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_Ghana" title="Methodist Church Ghana">Methodist Church Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methodist_Church_in_Kenya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Methodist Church in Kenya (page does not exist)">Methodist Church in Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methodist_Church_in_Zimbabwe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Methodist Church in Zimbabwe (page does not exist)">Methodist Church in Zimbabwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_Nigeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist Church Nigeria">Methodist Church Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Methodist_Church_of_Ivory_Coast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Methodist Church of Ivory Coast (page does not exist)">United Methodist Church of Ivory Coast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Methodist_Church_in_the_Philippine_Islands" title="Evangelical Methodist Church in the Philippine Islands">Evangelical Methodist Church in the Philippine Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Methodist_Church" title="Korean Methodist Church">Korean Methodist Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_in_India" title="Methodist Church in India">Methodist Church in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_in_Indonesia" title="Methodist Church in Indonesia">Methodist Church in Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_in_Malaysia" title="Methodist Church in Malaysia">Methodist Church in Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_in_Singapore" title="Methodist Church in Singapore">Methodist Church in Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Methodist Church in Sri Lanka">Methodist Church in Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church,_Upper_Myanmar" title="Methodist Church, Upper Myanmar">Methodist Church, Upper Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Methodist_Church_in_Benin" title="Protestant Methodist Church in Benin">Protestant Methodist Church in Benin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Evangelical_Church_in_Italy" title="Methodist Evangelical Church in Italy">Methodist Evangelical Church in Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist Church">Methodist Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_in_Ireland" title="Methodist Church in Ireland">Methodist Church in Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Methodist_Episcopal_Church" title="African Methodist Episcopal Church">African Methodist Episcopal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Methodist_Episcopal_Zion_Church" title="African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church">African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Methodist_Episcopal_Church" title="Christian Methodist Episcopal Church">Christian Methodist Episcopal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Methodist_Church" title="United Methodist Church">United Methodist Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Latin America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Methodist_Church_in_Argentina" title="Evangelical Methodist Church in Argentina">Evangelical Methodist Church in Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Methodist_Church_in_Bolivia" title="Evangelical Methodist Church in Bolivia">Evangelical Methodist Church in Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_in_Brazil" title="Methodist Church in Brazil">Methodist Church in Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_in_the_Caribbean_and_the_Americas" title="Methodist Church in the Caribbean and the Americas">Methodist Church in the Caribbean and the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_in_Chile" title="Methodist Church in Chile">Methodist Church in Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methodist_Church_in_Mexico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Methodist Church in Mexico (page does not exist)">Methodist Church in Mexico</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_Wesleyan_Church_of_Tonga" title="Free Wesleyan Church of Tonga">Free Wesleyan Church of Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_of_Fiji_and_Rotuma" title="Methodist Church of Fiji and Rotuma">Methodist Church of Fiji and Rotuma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background#"><div id="Moravian_and_Historic_Peace_Churches" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peace_Churches" class="mw-redirect" title="Peace Churches">Historic Peace</a> Churches</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Brethren_in_Nigeria" title="Church of the Brethren in Nigeria">Church of the Brethren in Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moravian_Church_in_South_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moravian Church in South Africa (page does not exist)">Moravian Church in South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moravian_Church_in_Tanzania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moravian Church in Tanzania (page does not exist)">Moravian Church in Tanzania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Independent_Church" title="Philippine Independent Church">Philippine Independent Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mennonites_in_the_Netherlands" title="Mennonites in the Netherlands">Mennonite Church in the Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moravian_Church_in_Western_Europe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moravian Church in Western Europe (page does not exist)">Moravian Church in Western Europe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Yearly_Meeting" title="Canadian Yearly Meeting">Canadian Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Brethren" title="Church of the Brethren">Church of the Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church_in_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Moravian Church in America">Moravian Church in America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_National_Catholic_Church" title="Polish National Catholic Church">Polish National Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_General_Conference" title="Friends General Conference">Religious Society of Friends: Friends General Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_United_Meeting" title="Friends United Meeting">Religious Society of Friends: Friends United Meeting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Latin America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moravian_Church,_Eastern_West_Indies_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moravian Church, Eastern West Indies Province (page does not exist)">Moravian Church, Eastern West Indies Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church_in_Jamaica" class="mw-redirect" title="Moravian Church in Jamaica">Moravian Church in Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moravian_Church_in_Nicaragua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moravian Church in Nicaragua (page does not exist)">Moravian Church in Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moravian_Church_in_Suriname&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moravian Church in Suriname (page does not exist)">Moravian Church in Suriname</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background#"><div id="Old-Catholic" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Old_Catholic_Church" title="Old Catholic Church">Old-Catholic</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Diocese_of_the_Old_Catholics_in_Germany" title="Catholic Diocese of the Old Catholics in Germany">Catholic Diocese of the Old Catholics in Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Catholic_Church_of_Austria" title="Old Catholic Church of Austria">Old Catholic Church of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Catholic_Church_of_the_Netherlands" title="Old Catholic Church of the Netherlands">Old Catholic Church of the Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Catholic_Church_of_Switzerland" title="Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland">Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Old_Catholic_Mariavite_Church_in_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Old Catholic Mariavite Church in Poland (page does not exist)">Old Catholic Mariavite Church in Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Catholic_Church_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Catholic Church in Poland">Polish Catholic Church in Poland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background#"><div id="Pentecostal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pentecostal" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentecostal">Pentecostal</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evangelical_Pentecostal_Mission_of_Angola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evangelical Pentecostal Mission of Angola (page does not exist)">Evangelical Pentecostal Mission of Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Faith_Mission_of_South_Africa" title="Apostolic Faith Mission of South Africa">Apostolic Faith Mission of South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Evangelical_Church&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Evangelical Church (page does not exist)">International Evangelical Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Latin America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Association_The_Church_of_God&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Association The Church of God (page does not exist)">Association The Church of God</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Biblical_Church&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Biblical Church (page does not exist)">Christian Biblical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Free_Pentecostal_Missions_Church_of_Chile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Free Pentecostal Missions Church of Chile (page does not exist)">Free Pentecostal Missions Church of Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentecostal_Church_of_Chile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pentecostal Church of Chile (page does not exist)">Pentecostal Church of Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentecostal_Mission_Church&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pentecostal Mission Church (page does not exist)">Pentecostal Mission Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background#"><div id="Oriental_Orthodoxy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodox Church">Oriental Orthodoxy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Eastern Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Orthodox_Syrian_Church" title="Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church">Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Europe & Western Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syrian Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch and All the East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See_of_Cilicia" title="Holy See of Cilicia">Armenian Apostolic Church (Holy See of Cilicia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_See_of_Holy_Etchmiadzin" title="Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin">Armenian Apostolic Church (Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background#"><div id="Reformed" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Reformed_churches" class="mw-redirect" title="Reformed churches">Reformed</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Protestant_Church" title="African Protestant Church">African Protestant Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Reformed_Evangelical_Church_of_Burkina_Faso" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Reformed Evangelical Church of Burkina Faso">Association of Reformed Evangelical Church of Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Central_Africa_Presbyterian_%E2%80%93_Blantyre_Synod" title="Church of Central Africa Presbyterian – Blantyre Synod">Church of Central Africa Presbyterian – Blantyre Synod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Community_in_Congo" title="Evangelical Community in Congo">Evangelical Community in Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Community_in_Congo" title="Presbyterian Community in Congo">Presbyterian Community in Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Community_in_Kinshasa" title="Presbyterian Community in Kinshasa">Presbyterian Community in Kinshasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Jesus_Christ_in_Madagascar" title="Church of Jesus Christ in Madagascar">Church of Jesus Christ in Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Cameroon" title="Evangelical Church of Cameroon">Evangelical Church of Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Congo" title="Evangelical Church of Congo">Evangelical Church of Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Gabon" title="Evangelical Church of Gabon">Evangelical Church of Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Congregational_Church_in_Angola" title="Evangelical Congregational Church in Angola">Evangelical Congregational Church in Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Presbyterian_Church,_Ghana" title="Evangelical Presbyterian Church, Ghana">Evangelical Presbyterian Church, Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Presbyterian_Church_in_South_Africa" title="Evangelical Presbyterian Church in South Africa">Evangelical Presbyterian Church in South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Egypt_(Synod_of_the_Nile)" title="Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile)">Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Presbyterian_Church_of_Togo" title="Evangelical Presbyterian Church of Togo">Evangelical Presbyterian Church of Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Reformed_Church_of_Angola" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical Reformed Church of Angola">Evangelical Reformed Church of Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesotho_Evangelical_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Lesotho Evangelical Church">Lesotho Evangelical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_in_Cameroon" title="Presbyterian Church in Cameroon">Presbyterian Church in Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_in_Rwanda" title="Presbyterian Church in Rwanda">Presbyterian Church in Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Africa" title="Presbyterian Church of Africa">Presbyterian Church of Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Cameroon" title="Presbyterian Church of Cameroon">Presbyterian Church of Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_East_Africa" title="Presbyterian Church of East Africa">Presbyterian Church of East Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Ghana" title="Presbyterian Church of Ghana">Presbyterian Church of Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_in_Liberia" title="Presbyterian Church in Liberia">Presbyterian Church in Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Mozambique" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian Church of Mozambique">Presbyterian Church of Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Nigeria" title="Presbyterian Church of Nigeria">Presbyterian Church of Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_in_Sudan" title="Presbyterian Church in Sudan">Presbyterian Church of South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_of_Algeria" title="Protestant Church of Algeria">Protestant Church of Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Church_in_Zambia" title="Reformed Church in Zambia">Reformed Church in Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Church_in_Zimbabwe" title="Reformed Church in Zimbabwe">Reformed Church in Zimbabwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Church_of_Christ_in_Nigeria" title="Reformed Church of Christ in Nigeria">Reformed Church of Christ for Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Presbyterian_Church_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Reformed Presbyterian Church of Equatorial Guinea">Reformed Presbyterian Church of Equatorial Guinea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Sulawesi_Christian_Church" title="Central Sulawesi Christian Church">Central Sulawesi Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Church_of_Sumba" title="Christian Church of Sumba">Christian Church of Sumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Evangelical_Church_in_Minahasa" title="Christian Evangelical Church in Minahasa">Christian Evangelical Church in Minahasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Evangelical_Church_in_Sangihe-Talaud" title="Christian Evangelical Church in Sangihe-Talaud">Christian Evangelical Church in Sangihe-Talaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Christ_in_Thailand" title="Church of Christ in Thailand">Church of Christ in Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_North_India" title="Church of North India">Church of North India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Pakistan" title="Church of Pakistan">Church of Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_South_India" title="Church of South India">Church of South India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Java_Christian_Church" title="East Java Christian Church">East Java Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Christian_Church_in_Halmahera" title="Evangelical Christian Church in Halmahera">Evangelical Christian Church in Halmahera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Presbyterian_Church_of_Iran" title="Evangelical Presbyterian Church of Iran">Evangelical Presbyterian Church of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_in_Kalimantan" title="Evangelical Church in Kalimantan">Evangelical Church in Kalimantan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Council_of_the_Church_of_Christ_in_China" title="Hong Kong Council of the Church of Christ in China">Hong Kong Council of the Church of Christ in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Christian_Church_Synod" title="Indonesian Christian Church Synod">Indonesian Christian Church Synod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_Christian_Churches" class="mw-redirect" title="Javanese Christian Churches">Javanese Christian Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karo_Batak_Protestant_Church" title="Karo Batak Protestant Church">Karo Batak Protestant Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Christian_Church_in_Japan" title="Korean Christian Church in Japan">Korean Christian Church in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mara_Evangelical_Church" title="Mara Evangelical Church">Mara Evangelical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Evangelical_Synod_of_Syria_and_Lebanon" title="National Evangelical Synod of Syria and Lebanon">National Evangelical Synod of Syria and Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasundan_Christian_Church" title="Pasundan Christian Church">Pasundan Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_in_Taiwan" title="Presbyterian Church in Taiwan">Presbyterian Church in Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_in_the_Republic_of_Korea" title="Presbyterian Church in the Republic of Korea">Presbyterian Church in the Republic of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Korea" title="Presbyterian Church of Korea">Presbyterian Church of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Pakistan" title="Presbyterian Church of Pakistan">Presbyterian Church of Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Christian_Church_in_Bali" title="Protestant Christian Church in Bali">Protestant Christian Church in Bali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_Indonesia" title="Protestant Church in Indonesia">Protestant Church in Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_Southeast_Sulawesi" title="Protestant Church in Southeast Sulawesi">Protestant Church in Southeast Sulawesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_the_Moluccas" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Church in the Moluccas">Protestant Church in the Moluccas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_Western_Indonesia" title="Protestant Church in Western Indonesia">Protestant Church in Western Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_East_Timor" title="Protestant Church in East Timor">Protestant Church in East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Evangelical_Church_in_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Evangelical Church in Timor">Protestant Evangelical Church in Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toraja_Church" title="Toraja Church">Toraja Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Church of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Hussite_Church" title="Czechoslovak Hussite Church">Czechoslovak Hussite Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Reformed_Church" title="Dutch Reformed Church">Dutch Reformed Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Czech_Brethren" title="Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren">Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evangelical_Church_of_the_Augsburg_and_Helvetic_Confessions_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evangelical Church of the Augsburg and Helvetic Confessions in Austria (page does not exist)">Evangelical Church of the Augsburg and Helvetic Confessions in Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Presbyterian_Church_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical Presbyterian Church of Portugal">Evangelical Presbyterian Church of Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Evangelical_Church" title="Greek Evangelical Church">Greek Evangelical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Wales" title="Presbyterian Church of Wales">Presbyterian Church of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Church in Germany">Protestant Church in Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Lippe" title="Church of Lippe">Church of Lippe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Reformed_Church_in_Germany" title="Evangelical Reformed Church in Germany">Evangelical Reformed Church in Germany</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_the_Netherlands" title="Protestant Church in the Netherlands">Protestant Church in the Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_of_Switzerland" title="Protestant Church of Switzerland">Protestant Church of Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Christian_Church_in_Serbia" title="Reformed Christian Church in Serbia">Reformed Christian Church in Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Christian_Church_in_Slovakia" title="Reformed Christian Church in Slovakia">Reformed Christian Church in Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Church_in_Hungary" title="Reformed Church in Hungary">Reformed Church in Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Church_in_Romania" title="Reformed Church in Romania">Reformed Church in Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remonstrant_Brotherhood" class="mw-redirect" title="Remonstrant Brotherhood">Remonstrant Brotherhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Evangelical_Church" title="Spanish Evangelical Church">Spanish Evangelical Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Reformed_Church_in_America" title="Hungarian Reformed Church in America">Hungarian Reformed Church in America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_in_Canada" title="Presbyterian Church in Canada">Presbyterian Church in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_(USA)" title="Presbyterian Church (USA)">Presbyterian Church (USA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Church_in_America" title="Reformed Church in America">Reformed Church in America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Latin America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_the_River_Plate" title="Evangelical Church of the River Plate">Evangelical Church of the River Plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Presbyterian_Church_of_Brazil" title="Independent Presbyterian Church of Brazil">Independent Presbyterian Church of Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Colombia" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian Church of Colombia">Presbyterian Church of Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Presbyterian Church of Trinidad and Tobago">Presbyterian Church of Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian-Reformed_Church_in_Cuba" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian-Reformed Church in Cuba">Presbyterian-Reformed Church in Cuba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregational_Christian_Church_in_American_Samoa" title="Congregational Christian Church in American Samoa">Congregational Christian Church in American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregational_Christian_Church_in_Samoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregational Christian Church in Samoa">Congregational Christian Church in Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregational_Christian_Church_of_Niue" title="Congregational Christian Church of Niue">Congregational Christian Church of Niue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregational_Christian_Church_of_Tuvalu" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregational Christian Church of Tuvalu">Congregational Christian Church of Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_in_New_Caledonia_and_the_Loyalty_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical Church in New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands">Evangelical Church in New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiribati_Uniting_Church" title="Kiribati Uniting Church">Kiribati Uniting Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maohi_Protestant_Church" title="Maohi Protestant Church">Maohi Protestant Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Aotearoa_New_Zealand" title="Presbyterian Church of Aotearoa New Zealand">Presbyterian Church of Aotearoa New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Vanuatu" title="Presbyterian Church of Vanuatu">Presbyterian Church of Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background#"><div id="United_christianity" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">United christianity</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Church_of_Christ_in_Zimbabwe" title="United Church of Christ in Zimbabwe">United Church of Christ in Zimbabwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Church_of_Zambia" class="mw-redirect" title="United Church of Zambia">United Church of Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Congregational_Church_of_Southern_Africa" title="United Congregational Church of Southern Africa">United Congregational Church of Southern Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniting_Presbyterian_Church_in_Southern_Africa" title="Uniting Presbyterian Church in Southern Africa">Uniting Presbyterian Church in Southern Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniting_Reformed_Church_in_Southern_Africa" title="Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa">Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Christian_Council" title="China Christian Council">China Christian Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Bangladesh" title="Church of Bangladesh">Church of Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_the_Armenian_Evangelical_Churches_in_the_Near_East" title="Union of the Armenian Evangelical Churches in the Near East">Union of the Armenian Evangelical Churches in the Near East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Church_of_Christ_in_Japan" title="United Church of Christ in Japan">United Church of Christ in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Church_of_Christ_in_the_Philippines" title="United Church of Christ in the Philippines">United Church of Christ in the Philippines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Church in Germany">Protestant Church in Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Bremen" title="Evangelical Church of Bremen">Bremen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_in_Berlin,_Brandenburg_and_Silesian_Upper_Lusatia" title="Evangelical Church in Berlin, Brandenburg and Silesian Upper Lusatia">Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Oberlausitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_in_the_Rhineland" title="Evangelical Church in the Rhineland">Rhineland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Anhalt" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical Church of Anhalt">Anhalt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Hesse_Electorate-Waldeck" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical Church of Hesse Electorate-Waldeck">Kurhessen-Waldeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_the_Palatinate" title="Evangelical Church of the Palatinate">Palatinate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Westphalia" title="Evangelical Church of Westphalia">Westphalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_Baden" title="Protestant Church in Baden">Baden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_Hesse_and_Nassau" title="Protestant Church in Hesse and Nassau">Hesse and Nassau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Protestant_Churches_of_Alsace_and_Lorraine" title="Union of Protestant Churches of Alsace and Lorraine">Union of Protestant Churches of Alsace and Lorraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Welsh_Independents" title="Union of Welsh Independents">Union of Welsh Independents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Free_Church_of_Scotland" title="United Free Church of Scotland">United Free Church of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Protestant_Church_in_Belgium" title="United Protestant Church in Belgium">United Protestant Church in Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Protestant_Church_of_France" title="United Protestant Church of France">United Protestant Church of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniting_Church_in_Sweden" title="Uniting Church in Sweden">Uniting Church in Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Methodist_and_Waldensian_Churches" title="Union of Methodist and Waldensian Churches">Union of Methodist and Waldensian Churches</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Council_of_Community_Churches" title="International Council of Community Churches">International Council of Community Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Church_of_Canada" title="United Church of Canada">United Church of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Church_of_Christ" title="United Church of Christ">United Church of Christ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Latin America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Church_in_Jamaica_and_the_Cayman_Islands" title="United Church in Jamaica and the Cayman Islands">United Church in Jamaica and the Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Presbyterian_Church_of_Brazil" title="United Presbyterian Church of Brazil">United Presbyterian Church of Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Protestant_Church_of_Cura%C3%A7ao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Protestant Church of Curaçao (page does not exist)">United Protestant Church of Curaçao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lavender;">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Church_in_Papua_New_Guinea_and_Solomon_Islands" title="United Church in Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands">United Church in Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Church_in_the_Solomon_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="United Church in the Solomon Islands">United Church in the Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Church_of_Christ_-_Congregational_in_the_Marshall_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="United Church of Christ - Congregational in the Marshall Islands">United Church of Christ - Congregational in the Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniting_Church_in_Australia" title="Uniting Church in Australia">Uniting Church in Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>Africa</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches" title="All Africa Conference of Churches">AACC</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_African_Instituted_Churches" title="Organization of African Instituted Churches">OAIC</a></dd> <dt>Asia</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Christian_Conference_of_Asia" title="Christian Conference of Asia">CCA</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Churches_in_Australia" title="National Council of Churches in Australia">NCCA</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Churches_in_the_Philippines" title="National Council of Churches in the Philippines">NCCP</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Council_of_Churches" title="Middle East Council of Churches">MECC</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Conference_of_Churches" title="Pacific Conference of Churches">PCC</a></dd> <dt>Europe</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Conference_of_European_Churches" title="Conference of European Churches">CEC</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Christian_Churches_of_an_African_Approach_in_Europe" title="Council of Christian Churches of an African Approach in Europe">CCCAAE</a></dd> <dt>Latin America</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Conference_of_Churches" title="Caribbean Conference of Churches">CCC</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_Council_of_Churches" title="Latin American Council of Churches">LACC</a></dd> <dt>North America</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Council_of_Churches" title="Canadian Council of Churches">CCE</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Churches" title="National Council of Churches">NCC</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Porvoo_Communion" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Porvoo_Communion" title="Template:Porvoo Communion"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Porvoo_Communion" title="Template talk:Porvoo Communion"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Porvoo_Communion" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Porvoo Communion"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Porvoo_Communion" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Porvoo_Communion" title="Porvoo Communion">Porvoo Communion</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Anglican churches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Church of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ireland" title="Church of Ireland">Church of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusitanian_Catholic_Apostolic_Evangelical_Church" title="Lusitanian Catholic Apostolic Evangelical Church">Lusitanian Catholic Apostolic Evangelical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Scottish Episcopal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Reformed_Episcopal_Church" title="Spanish Reformed Episcopal Church">Spanish Reformed Episcopal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_in_Wales" title="Church in Wales">Church in Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lutheran churches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Denmark" title="Church of Denmark">Church of Denmark</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Church of the Faroe Islands">Church of the Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Greenland" title="Church of Greenland">Church of Greenland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Evangelical_Lutheran_Church" title="Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church">Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_Finland" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland">Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Church_in_Great_Britain" title="Lutheran Church in Great Britain">Lutheran Church in Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Iceland" title="Church of Iceland">Church of Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_Abroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Latvian Evangelical Lutheran Church Abroad">Latvian Evangelical Lutheran Church Abroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Lithuania" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Lithuania">Evangelical Lutheran Church in Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Norway" title="Church of Norway">Church of Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Sweden" title="Church of Sweden">Church of Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observer churches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_Latvia" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia">Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82708#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82708#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82708#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000417594124">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/135203514">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/532932/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1000922-X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79056234">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12045373h">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12045373h">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Church of England"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20100921003&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="anglikáni"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph249587&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="anglikánské církve"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph249585&CON_LNG=ENG">3</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007269145805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027257150">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/anglikan-kilisesi">İslâm Ansiklopedisi</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&oldid=1258601327">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_England&oldid=1258601327</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Church_of_England" title="Category:Church of England">Church of England</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Anglo-Catholicism" title="Category:Anglo-Catholicism">Anglo-Catholicism</a></li><li><a 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