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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="cdx-message cdx-message--block cdx-message--warning mw-revision"><span class="cdx-message__icon"></span><div class="cdx-message__content"><div id="mw-revision-info"><p><b>This is an <a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">old revision</a> of this page, as edited by <span id="mw-revision-name"><a href="/wiki/User:Adolphweich" class="mw-userlink" title="User:Adolphweich" data-mw-revid="1009088363"><bdi>Adolphweich</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Adolphweich" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:Adolphweich">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/Adolphweich" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/Adolphweich">contribs</a>)</span></span> at <span id="mw-revision-date">17:29, 26 February 2021</span><span id="mw-revision-summary"> <span class="comment">(<span class="autocomment"><a href="#Notable_players">→<bdi dir="ltr">Notable players</bdi></a></span>)</span></span>. The present address (URL) is a <a href="/wiki/Help:Permanent_link" title="Help:Permanent link">permanent link</a> to this revision, which may differ significantly from the <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_leaf">current revision</a></span>.</b></p><div id="revision-info-plain" style="display: none;">Revision as of 17:29, 26 February 2021 by <a href="/wiki/User:Adolphweich" class="mw-userlink" title="User:Adolphweich" data-mw-revid="1009088363"><bdi>Adolphweich</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Adolphweich" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:Adolphweich">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/Adolphweich" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/Adolphweich">contribs</a>)</span> <span class="comment">(<span class="autocomment"><a href="#Notable_players">→<bdi dir="ltr">Notable players</bdi></a></span>)</span></div></div><div id="mw-revision-nav">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musical_leaf&diff=prev&oldid=1009088363" title="Musical leaf">diff</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musical_leaf&direction=prev&oldid=1009088363" title="Musical leaf">← Previous revision</a> | <a href="/wiki/Musical_leaf" title="Musical leaf">Latest revision</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musical_leaf&diff=cur&oldid=1009088363" title="Musical leaf">diff</a>) | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musical_leaf&direction=next&oldid=1009088363" title="Musical leaf">Newer revision →</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musical_leaf&diff=next&oldid=1009088363" title="Musical leaf">diff</a>)</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Cambodian musical instrument</div> <p>The <b>slek</b> (Khmer: ស្លឹក) is a musical instrument of country people in <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>, made from the leaves of <a href="/wiki/Broad-leaved_tree" title="Broad-leaved tree">broad-leaf trees</a>, including the sakrom and khnoung trees.<sup id="cite_ref-record_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-record-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-unesco_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unesco-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also known as phlom slek, "blow leaf."<sup id="cite_ref-record_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-record-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To play a leaf, the musician curls the edge of a leaf into a semi-circle (along the leaf's long edge) and "places the arch between the lips", making sure that the leaf is touching both upper and lower lips.<sup id="cite_ref-record_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-record-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-unesco_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unesco-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The leaf vibrates in contact with them as the player blows air across it.<sup id="cite_ref-unesco_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unesco-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The player can control the <a href="/wiki/Pitch_(music)" title="Pitch (music)">pitch</a> of the noise with his upper lip.<sup id="cite_ref-unesco_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unesco-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gumlip_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gumlip-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An instrument of country people, it has been observed being played by herders riding their water buffalo in the rice fields.<sup id="cite_ref-record_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-record-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While it is used to imitate sounds wild animals make, it can produce sustained sound, a sharp, high-pitched whistle.<sup id="cite_ref-record_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-record-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-unesco_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unesco-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Players can control the pitch and make songs, normally solo, but sometimes with other instruments.<sup id="cite_ref-record_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-record-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gumlip_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gumlip-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants_in_other_places">Variants in other places</h2></div> <p>While called slek in Cambodia, the instrument is used in other places under different names. In China, recorded knowledge of the wood leaf (木叶, Mù yè) as an instrument dates back to the <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a>, 7th to 10th centuries A.D.<sup id="cite_ref-china_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-china-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is depicted in a sculpture at the tomb of Emperor <a href="/wiki/Wang_Jian_(Former_Shu)" title="Wang Jian (Former Shu)">Wang Jian</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Five_Dynasties" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Dynasties">Five Dynasties</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu">Chengdu</a>, Sichuan.<sup id="cite_ref-china_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-china-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In modern times, plastic has been substituted for the leaf, and the instrument has been recorded and used in movie music.<sup id="cite_ref-china_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-china-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With synthetic materials, the instrument does not wear out quickly while playing, and has a range of nearly 3 octaves.<sup id="cite_ref-china_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-china-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>China, 樹葉笛 (Shùyè dí) tree leaf flute <sup id="cite_ref-treeleaflute_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-treeleaflute-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>China, 草琴 (Cǎoqín), grass piano<sup id="cite_ref-treeleaflute_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-treeleaflute-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>China, 木叶 (Mù yè) wood leaves<sup id="cite_ref-treeleaflute_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-treeleaflute-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Japan, 草笛, grass flute or grass whistle<sup id="cite_ref-treeleaflute_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-treeleaflute-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Australia, gum leaf <sup id="cite_ref-gumlip_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gumlip-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Nepal, पिपिरिमा Pipirma</li> <li>Brazil, folhinha</li></ul> <p>As a general term it can also be called a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PtR3KqVtI1A&t=9s&ab_channel=Leafophonist">leafophone</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Cambodia" title="Music of Cambodia">Music of Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sod%C5%8D_Yokoyama" title="Sodō Yokoyama">Sodō Yokoyama</a> Japanese man known as the Leaf Flute Zen Master (草笛禅師)</li> <li><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8F%B6" class="extiw" title="zh-tw:木叶">Chinese Wikipedia page on the leaf as an instrument.</a></li> <li><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" class="extiw" title="ne:पिपिरिमा">पिपिरिमा</a> Pipirma on Nepali Wikipedia</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_players">Notable players</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herb_Patten" class="extiw" title="de:Herb Patten">Herb Patten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Celerio" title="Levi Celerio">Levi Celerio</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4sH_61fd_TU">Sodo Yokoyama </a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TK1hoGuBtFk&t">Luo Wenjun</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3przA4Mgf8">Ossie Cruze</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k6dTeQwf488&t">Chen Hong Chi</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p_cF6TFqh-Q">Qiu Shaochun</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=136&v=T46F-rfInqM&feature">Sokol Koçeku </a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KqfvAaBtDVg">Gary Lowe</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8OeOa0P2VY">Merv</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78-5F5UpkiE">Chiten S. Yoshida</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3i3D26NOts">Erwan Lhermenier</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tzIfki3pTzE">Ger Xiong </a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MHr1-FHNEKg">Shigeo Morita</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_zqbNM-TmwE">Roseina Boston</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x-D2TZBawao">Rodolfo Mercado</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q98k8mEy_M8">Steven Wong</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=djMpaNi_b4Y">Jatisari Ceremai</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DOmmreJRHgs">Zul Azmi</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GfAPWslIPVY">Pulkebi</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fNQUYB7IYn0">Jesus Torres Minda</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TBUYC8ze4mo">Antonio Martínez Torres</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mHZZQiRdDA4">Ever Manuel Correa Galeano</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KzMGyxF9qgg">Tian Mao Gong</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFnVSpkZYLw">Sharon</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2o6So59H7l8">Sanatan Hajra</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7uN_59neayc&list=PLsGOVq6X2NPn6syRJk5sElMyAyZBOmpq2&t=0s">Stanislav Seminsky </a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-record-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-record_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-record_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-record_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-record_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-record_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-record_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFChinary1978" class="citation AV-media-notes cs1">Chinary, Ung (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://folkways.si.edu/cambodia-traditional-music-vol-1-instrumental-and-vocal-pieces/world/album/smithsonian"><i>Cambodia: Traditional Music, Vol. 1: Instrumental and Vocal Pieces</i></a> (Media notes). New York City: Smithsonian Folklways Recordings<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2018</span>. <q>[Website gives year released as 1975, but album cover is copyrighted 1978.] <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://folkways-media.si.edu/liner_notes/folkways/FW04081.pdf">Link to the liner notes.</a></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cambodia%3A+Traditional+Music%2C+Vol.+1%3A+Instrumental+and+Vocal+Pieces&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Smithsonian+Folklways+Recordings&rft.date=1978&rft.aulast=Chinary&rft.aufirst=Ung&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffolkways.si.edu%2Fcambodia-traditional-music-vol-1-instrumental-and-vocal-pieces%2Fworld%2Falbum%2Fsmithsonian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusical+leaf" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_AV_media_notes" title="Template:Cite AV media notes">cite AV media notes</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">External link in <code class="cs1-code"><code class="cs1-code">|quote=</code></code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#param_has_ext_link" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-unesco-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-unesco_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-unesco_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-unesco_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-unesco_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-unesco_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKheanDorivanLinaLenna" class="citation book cs1">Khean, Yun; Dorivan, Keo; Lina, Y; Lenna, Mao. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0013/001352/135257mb.pdf"><i>Traditional Musical Instruments of Cambodia</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Kingdom of Cambodia: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. p. 137.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Traditional+Musical+Instruments+of+Cambodia&rft.place=Kingdom+of+Cambodia&rft.pages=137&rft.pub=United+Nations+Educational%2C+Scientific+and+Cultural+Organization&rft.aulast=Khean&rft.aufirst=Yun&rft.au=Dorivan%2C+Keo&rft.au=Lina%2C+Y&rft.au=Lenna%2C+Mao&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funesdoc.unesco.org%2Fimages%2F0013%2F001352%2F135257mb.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusical+leaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gumlip-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gumlip_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gumlip_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gumlip_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStone" class="citation audio-visual cs1">Stone, Aria (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3przA4Mgf8"><i>Ossie Cruze: Aboriginal Elder Plays Gum Leaf</i></a> (Motion picture)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2018</span>. <q>Starring Ossie Cruze...[from YouTube page: Ossie Cruze: Aboriginal Elder plays a gum leaf at Jigamy Farm, South Coast, NSW, Australia.] [Ossie demonstrates how to play a leaf, playing a scale and then putting the notes together to play a song.]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ossie+Cruze%3A+Aboriginal+Elder+Plays+Gum+Leaf&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DD3przA4Mgf8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusical+leaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-china-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-china_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-china_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-china_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-china_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040807121513/http://www.chinamedley.com:80/langyuan/muye/muye_lishi.shtml">"木叶的历史 [The history of wood leaves]"</a>. <i>chinamedley.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinamedley.com:80/langyuan/muye/muye_lishi.shtml">the original</a> on 7 August 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2018</span>. <q><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030330150555/http://www.chinamedley.com:80/images/chatu/chuiye.gif">Picture of the sculpture of wood-leaf player from the tomb of Emperor Wang Jian</a></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=chinamedley.com&rft.atitle=%E6%9C%A8%E5%8F%B6%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2+%5BThe+history+of+wood+leaves%5D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinamedley.com%3A80%2Flangyuan%2Fmuye%2Fmuye_lishi.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusical+leaf" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">External link in <code class="cs1-code"><code class="cs1-code">|quote=</code></code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#param_has_ext_link" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-treeleaflute-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-treeleaflute_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-treeleaflute_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-treeleaflute_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-treeleaflute_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gY9LRIn-qHA"><i>Flute with leaves Amazing Voice -Musical leaf by Khmer old man</i></a> (Motion picture)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2018</span>. <q>[From YouTube description. These are not all the name of the instrument; some (Whispering Hope, gospel duet) are the name of the song being played: 樹葉笛, musical leaf, 草笛, kusabue, 草琴, leaf, whistle, gospel duet, 木叶, 希望のささやき, 陳宏志, 微聲盼望, Whispering, Hope,leaflute. ]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flute+with+leaves+Amazing+Voice+-Musical+leaf+by+Khmer+old+man&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DgY9LRIn-qHA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusical+leaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gY9LRIn-qHA">Video, Cambodian slek.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3przA4Mgf8">Video, demo of how to play a leaf, Australia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eoPPGuNmq6w">Video of a leaf being played as part of an orchestra, Washington D.C.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PtR3KqVtI1A&t=9s&ab_channel=Leafophonist">Video, demo of 5 different leaves</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cambodian_musical_instruments" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cambodian musical instruments"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Traditional_Cambodian_musical_instruments" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Cambodian_musical_instruments" title="Traditional Cambodian musical instruments">Traditional Cambodian musical instruments</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Xylophone" title="Xylophone">Xylophones</a> or <a href="/wiki/Roneat" title="Roneat">roneat</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roneat_ek" title="Roneat ek">Roneat ek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roneat_thung" title="Roneat thung">Roneat thung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roneat_dek" title="Roneat dek">Roneat dek / roneat thong</a> (metallophone)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gong_chime" title="Gong chime">Gong chimes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kong_toch" title="Kong toch">Kong toch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kong_von_thom" title="Kong von thom">Kong von thom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_kon" title="Pat kon">Kong mon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gongs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kong_thom" title="Kong thom">Kong thom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kong_mong" title="Kong mong">Kong mong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kong_chmol" title="Kong chmol">Kong chmol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kong_nyee" title="Kong nyee">Kong nyee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmuoh" title="Khmuoh">Khmuoh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lau_(instrument)" title="Lau (instrument)">Lau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bells</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kagn_Chram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kagn Chram (page does not exist)">Kagn Chram</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanderng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanderng (page does not exist)">Kanderng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Drums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skor_yeam" title="Skor yeam">Skor yeam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samphor" title="Samphor">Samphor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skor_sang_na" title="Skor sang na">Skor sang na</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skor_timila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skor timila (page does not exist)">Skor timila</a> ស្គរទីមីឡា (hourglass drum)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skor_thom" title="Skor thom">Skor thom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skor_chhaiyam" title="Skor chhaiyam">Skor chhaiyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skor_daey" title="Skor daey">Skor daey</a> (skor arak or aaroksa, skor kar, skor toch, skar ayai)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skor_yike" title="Skor yike">Skor yike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thon_and_rammana" title="Thon and rammana">Thon and rammana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fiddles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tro_(instrument)" title="Tro (instrument)">Tro</a> (tro sau thom, tro sau toch, tro che, tro ou, tro ou chamhieng)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tro_Khmer" title="Tro Khmer">Tro Khmer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kan%C3%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanö (page does not exist)">Kanö</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%27ni" title="K'ni">Mim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plucked: harps, zithers and lutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pin_(harp)" title="Pin (harp)">Pin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khim" title="Khim">Khim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krapeu" class="mw-redirect" title="Krapeu">Krapeu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapei_dong_veng" class="mw-redirect" title="Chapei dong veng">Chapei dong veng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kse_diev" title="Kse diev">Kse diev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kong_ring" title="Kong ring">Kong ring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khloy" title="Khloy">Khloy</a> (khloy ek, khloy thom)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oboes and free reed pipes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sralai" title="Sralai">Sralai</a> (Sralai toch, sralai thom)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khene" title="Khene">Kaen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ploy_(musical_instrument)" title="Ploy (musical instrument)">Ploy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pey_au" title="Pey au">Pey au</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pey_pok" title="Pey pok">Pey pok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angkuoch" title="Angkuoch">Angkuoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sneng" title="Sneng">Sneng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Horns and trumpets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tre_(instrument)" title="Tre (instrument)">Tre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sneng" title="Sneng">Sneng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chhing" class="mw-redirect" title="Chhing">Chhing</a> (finger chimes)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chap_(instrument)" title="Chap (instrument)">Chap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krap" title="Krap">Krap</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Traw_dauk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Traw dauk (page does not exist)">Traw dauk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyang_Saing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyang Saing (page does not exist)">Kyang Saing</a> ខ្យងស័ង្ខ</li> 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