CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US" class="" data-skin="light"> <head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><script>if(navigator.userAgent.match(/MSIE|Internet Explorer/i)||navigator.userAgent.match(/Trident\/7\..*?rv:11/i)){var href=document.location.href;if(!href.match(/[?&]nowprocket/)){if(href.indexOf("?")==-1){if(href.indexOf("#")==-1){document.location.href=href+"?nowprocket=1"}else{document.location.href=href.replace("#","?nowprocket=1#")}}else{if(href.indexOf("#")==-1){document.location.href=href+"&nowprocket=1"}else{document.location.href=href.replace("#","&nowprocket=1#")}}}}</script><script>(()=>{class RocketLazyLoadScripts{constructor(){this.v="1.2.6",this.triggerEvents=["keydown","mousedown","mousemove","touchmove","touchstart","touchend","wheel"],this.userEventHandler=this.t.bind(this),this.touchStartHandler=this.i.bind(this),this.touchMoveHandler=this.o.bind(this),this.touchEndHandler=this.h.bind(this),this.clickHandler=this.u.bind(this),this.interceptedClicks=[],this.interceptedClickListeners=[],this.l(this),window.addEventListener("pageshow",(t=>{this.persisted=t.persisted,this.everythingLoaded&&this.m()})),this.CSPIssue=sessionStorage.getItem("rocketCSPIssue"),document.addEventListener("securitypolicyviolation",(t=>{this.CSPIssue||"script-src-elem"!==t.violatedDirective||"data"!==t.blockedURI||(this.CSPIssue=!0,sessionStorage.setItem("rocketCSPIssue",!0))})),document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",(()=>{this.k()})),this.delayedScripts={normal:[],async:[],defer:[]},this.trash=[],this.allJQueries=[]}p(t){document.hidden?t.t():(this.triggerEvents.forEach((e=>window.addEventListener(e,t.userEventHandler,{passive:!0}))),window.addEventListener("touchstart",t.touchStartHandler,{passive:!0}),window.addEventListener("mousedown",t.touchStartHandler),document.addEventListener("visibilitychange",t.userEventHandler))}_(){this.triggerEvents.forEach((t=>window.removeEventListener(t,this.userEventHandler,{passive:!0}))),document.removeEventListener("visibilitychange",this.userEventHandler)}i(t){"HTML"!==t.target.tagName&&(window.addEventListener("touchend",this.touchEndHandler),window.addEventListener("mouseup",this.touchEndHandler),window.addEventListener("touchmove",this.touchMoveHandler,{passive:!0}),window.addEventListener("mousemove",this.touchMoveHandler),t.target.addEventListener("click",this.clickHandler),this.L(t.target,!0),this.S(t.target,"onclick","rocket-onclick"),this.C())}o(t){window.removeEventListener("touchend",this.touchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("mouseup",this.touchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("touchmove",this.touchMoveHandler,{passive:!0}),window.removeEventListener("mousemove",this.touchMoveHandler),t.target.removeEventListener("click",this.clickHandler),this.L(t.target,!1),this.S(t.target,"rocket-onclick","onclick"),this.M()}h(){window.removeEventListener("touchend",this.touchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("mouseup",this.touchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("touchmove",this.touchMoveHandler,{passive:!0}),window.removeEventListener("mousemove",this.touchMoveHandler)}u(t){t.target.removeEventListener("click",this.clickHandler),this.L(t.target,!1),this.S(t.target,"rocket-onclick","onclick"),this.interceptedClicks.push(t),t.preventDefault(),t.stopPropagation(),t.stopImmediatePropagation(),this.M()}O(){window.removeEventListener("touchstart",this.touchStartHandler,{passive:!0}),window.removeEventListener("mousedown",this.touchStartHandler),this.interceptedClicks.forEach((t=>{t.target.dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent("click",{view:t.view,bubbles:!0,cancelable:!0}))}))}l(t){EventTarget.prototype.addEventListenerWPRocketBase=EventTarget.prototype.addEventListener,EventTarget.prototype.addEventListener=function(e,i,o){"click"!==e||t.windowLoaded||i===t.clickHandler||t.interceptedClickListeners.push({target:this,func:i,options:o}),(this||window).addEventListenerWPRocketBase(e,i,o)}}L(t,e){this.interceptedClickListeners.forEach((i=>{i.target===t&&(e?t.removeEventListener("click",i.func,i.options):t.addEventListener("click",i.func,i.options))})),t.parentNode!==document.documentElement&&this.L(t.parentNode,e)}D(){return new Promise((t=>{this.P?this.M=t:t()}))}C(){this.P=!0}M(){this.P=!1}S(t,e,i){t.hasAttribute&&t.hasAttribute(e)&&(event.target.setAttribute(i,event.target.getAttribute(e)),event.target.removeAttribute(e))}t(){this._(this),"loading"===document.readyState?document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",this.R.bind(this)):this.R()}k(){let t=[];document.querySelectorAll("script[type=rocketlazyloadscript][data-rocket-src]").forEach((e=>{let i=e.getAttribute("data-rocket-src");if(i&&!i.startsWith("data:")){0===i.indexOf("//")&&(i=location.protocol+i);try{const o=new URL(i).origin;o!==location.origin&&t.push({src:o,crossOrigin:e.crossOrigin||"module"===e.getAttribute("data-rocket-type")})}catch(t){}}})),t=[...new Map(t.map((t=>[JSON.stringify(t),t]))).values()],this.T(t,"preconnect")}async R(){this.lastBreath=Date.now(),this.j(this),this.F(this),this.I(),this.W(),this.q(),await this.A(this.delayedScripts.normal),await this.A(this.delayedScripts.defer),await this.A(this.delayedScripts.async);try{await this.U(),await this.H(this),await this.J()}catch(t){console.error(t)}window.dispatchEvent(new Event("rocket-allScriptsLoaded")),this.everythingLoaded=!0,this.D().then((()=>{this.O()})),this.N()}W(){document.querySelectorAll("script[type=rocketlazyloadscript]").forEach((t=>{t.hasAttribute("data-rocket-src")?t.hasAttribute("async")&&!1!==t.async?this.delayedScripts.async.push(t):t.hasAttribute("defer")&&!1!==t.defer||"module"===t.getAttribute("data-rocket-type")?this.delayedScripts.defer.push(t):this.delayedScripts.normal.push(t):this.delayedScripts.normal.push(t)}))}async B(t){if(await this.G(),!0!==t.noModule||!("noModule"in HTMLScriptElement.prototype))return new Promise((e=>{let i;function o(){(i||t).setAttribute("data-rocket-status","executed"),e()}try{if(navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Firefox/")>0||""===navigator.vendor||this.CSPIssue)i=document.createElement("script"),[...t.attributes].forEach((t=>{let e=t.nodeName;"type"!==e&&("data-rocket-type"===e&&(e="type"),"data-rocket-src"===e&&(e="src"),i.setAttribute(e,t.nodeValue))})),t.text&&(i.text=t.text),i.hasAttribute("src")?(i.addEventListener("load",o),i.addEventListener("error",(function(){i.setAttribute("data-rocket-status","failed-network"),e()})),setTimeout((()=>{i.isConnected||e()}),1)):(i.text=t.text,o()),t.parentNode.replaceChild(i,t);else{const i=t.getAttribute("data-rocket-type"),s=t.getAttribute("data-rocket-src");i?(t.type=i,t.removeAttribute("data-rocket-type")):t.removeAttribute("type"),t.addEventListener("load",o),t.addEventListener("error",(i=>{this.CSPIssue&&i.target.src.startsWith("data:")?(console.log("WPRocket: data-uri blocked by CSP -> fallback"),t.removeAttribute("src"),this.B(t).then(e)):(t.setAttribute("data-rocket-status","failed-network"),e())})),s?(t.removeAttribute("data-rocket-src"),t.src=s):t.src="data:text/javascript;base64,"+window.btoa(unescape(encodeURIComponent(t.text)))}}catch(i){t.setAttribute("data-rocket-status","failed-transform"),e()}}));t.setAttribute("data-rocket-status","skipped")}async A(t){const e=t.shift();return e&&e.isConnected?(await this.B(e),this.A(t)):Promise.resolve()}q(){this.T([...this.delayedScripts.normal,...this.delayedScripts.defer,...this.delayedScripts.async],"preload")}T(t,e){var i=document.createDocumentFragment();t.forEach((t=>{const o=t.getAttribute&&t.getAttribute("data-rocket-src")||t.src;if(o&&!o.startsWith("data:")){const s=document.createElement("link");s.href=o,s.rel=e,"preconnect"!==e&&(s.as="script"),t.getAttribute&&"module"===t.getAttribute("data-rocket-type")&&(s.crossOrigin=!0),t.crossOrigin&&(s.crossOrigin=t.crossOrigin),t.integrity&&(s.integrity=t.integrity),i.appendChild(s),this.trash.push(s)}})),document.head.appendChild(i)}j(t){let e={};function i(i,o){return e[o].eventsToRewrite.indexOf(i)>=0&&!t.everythingLoaded?"rocket-"+i:i}function o(t,o){!function(t){e[t]||(e[t]={originalFunctions:{add:t.addEventListener,remove:t.removeEventListener},eventsToRewrite:[]},t.addEventListener=function(){arguments[0]=i(arguments[0],t),e[t].originalFunctions.add.apply(t,arguments)},t.removeEventListener=function(){arguments[0]=i(arguments[0],t),e[t].originalFunctions.remove.apply(t,arguments)})}(t),e[t].eventsToRewrite.push(o)}function s(e,i){let o=e[i];e[i]=null,Object.defineProperty(e,i,{get:()=>o||function(){},set(s){t.everythingLoaded?o=s:e["rocket"+i]=o=s}})}o(document,"DOMContentLoaded"),o(window,"DOMContentLoaded"),o(window,"load"),o(window,"pageshow"),o(document,"readystatechange"),s(document,"onreadystatechange"),s(window,"onload"),s(window,"onpageshow");try{Object.defineProperty(document,"readyState",{get:()=>t.rocketReadyState,set(e){t.rocketReadyState=e},configurable:!0}),document.readyState="loading"}catch(t){console.log("WPRocket DJE readyState conflict, bypassing")}}F(t){let e;function i(e){return t.everythingLoaded?e:e.split(" ").map((t=>"load"===t||0===t.indexOf("load.")?"rocket-jquery-load":t)).join(" ")}function o(o){function s(t){const e=o.fn[t];o.fn[t]=o.fn.init.prototype[t]=function(){return this[0]===window&&("string"==typeof arguments[0]||arguments[0]instanceof String?arguments[0]=i(arguments[0]):"object"==typeof arguments[0]&&Object.keys(arguments[0]).forEach((t=>{const e=arguments[0][t];delete arguments[0][t],arguments[0][i(t)]=e}))),e.apply(this,arguments),this}}o&&o.fn&&!t.allJQueries.includes(o)&&(o.fn.ready=o.fn.init.prototype.ready=function(e){return t.domReadyFired?e.bind(document)(o):document.addEventListener("rocket-DOMContentLoaded",(()=>e.bind(document)(o))),o([])},s("on"),s("one"),t.allJQueries.push(o)),e=o}o(window.jQuery),Object.defineProperty(window,"jQuery",{get:()=>e,set(t){o(t)}})}async H(t){const e=document.querySelector("script[data-webpack]");e&&(await async function(){return new Promise((t=>{e.addEventListener("load",t),e.addEventListener("error",t)}))}(),await t.K(),await t.H(t))}async U(){this.domReadyFired=!0;try{document.readyState="interactive"}catch(t){}await this.G(),document.dispatchEvent(new Event("rocket-readystatechange")),await this.G(),document.rocketonreadystatechange&&document.rocketonreadystatechange(),await this.G(),document.dispatchEvent(new Event("rocket-DOMContentLoaded")),await this.G(),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("rocket-DOMContentLoaded"))}async J(){try{document.readyState="complete"}catch(t){}await this.G(),document.dispatchEvent(new Event("rocket-readystatechange")),await this.G(),document.rocketonreadystatechange&&document.rocketonreadystatechange(),await this.G(),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("rocket-load")),await this.G(),window.rocketonload&&window.rocketonload(),await this.G(),this.allJQueries.forEach((t=>t(window).trigger("rocket-jquery-load"))),await this.G();const t=new Event("rocket-pageshow");t.persisted=this.persisted,window.dispatchEvent(t),await this.G(),window.rocketonpageshow&&window.rocketonpageshow({persisted:this.persisted}),this.windowLoaded=!0}m(){document.onreadystatechange&&document.onreadystatechange(),window.onload&&window.onload(),window.onpageshow&&window.onpageshow({persisted:this.persisted})}I(){const t=new Map;document.write=document.writeln=function(e){const i=document.currentScript;i||console.error("WPRocket unable to document.write this: "+e);const o=document.createRange(),s=i.parentElement;let n=t.get(i);void 0===n&&(n=i.nextSibling,t.set(i,n));const c=document.createDocumentFragment();o.setStart(c,0),c.appendChild(o.createContextualFragment(e)),s.insertBefore(c,n)}}async G(){Date.now()-this.lastBreath>45&&(await this.K(),this.lastBreath=Date.now())}async K(){return document.hidden?new Promise((t=>setTimeout(t))):new Promise((t=>requestAnimationFrame(t)))}N(){this.trash.forEach((t=>t.remove()))}static run(){const t=new RocketLazyLoadScripts;t.p(t)}}RocketLazyLoadScripts.run()})();</script> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11" /> <meta http-equiv='x-dns-prefetch-control' content='on'> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdnjs.cloudflare.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//ajax.googleapis.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.gstatic.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//s.gravatar.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.google-analytics.com' /> <link rel='preload' as='script' href='https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/webfont/1/webfont.js'> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style></style>  <title>Conspiracy-free tunnels at Denver International Airport completed - T&UC Magazine Online - Official Publication of UCA</title><link rel="preload" data-rocket-preload as="font" href="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/fonts/tielabs-fonticon/tielabs-fonticon.ttf?ciufdj" crossorigin><link rel="preload" data-rocket-preload as="font" href="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/fonts/fontawesome/fa-solid-900.woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preload" data-rocket-preload as="font" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/poppins/v21/pxiEyp8kv8JHgFVrJJfecg.woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preload" data-rocket-preload as="font" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/poppins/v21/pxiByp8kv8JHgFVrLEj6Z1xlFQ.woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preload" data-rocket-preload as="font" href="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/plugins/miniorange-oauth-oidc-single-sign-on/resources/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.woff2?v=4.7.0" crossorigin><style id="wpr-usedcss">:root{--tie-preset-gradient-1:linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(6, 147, 227, 1) 0%, rgb(155, 81, 224) 100%);--tie-preset-gradient-2:linear-gradient(135deg, rgb(122, 220, 180) 0%, rgb(0, 208, 130) 100%);--tie-preset-gradient-3:linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(252, 185, 0, 1) 0%, rgba(255, 105, 0, 1) 100%);--tie-preset-gradient-4:linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(255, 105, 0, 1) 0%, rgb(207, 46, 46) 100%);--tie-preset-gradient-5:linear-gradient(135deg, rgb(238, 238, 238) 0%, rgb(169, 184, 195) 100%);--tie-preset-gradient-6:linear-gradient(135deg, rgb(74, 234, 220) 0%, rgb(151, 120, 209) 20%, rgb(207, 42, 186) 40%, rgb(238, 44, 130) 60%, rgb(251, 105, 98) 80%, rgb(254, 248, 76) 100%);--tie-preset-gradient-7:linear-gradient(135deg, rgb(255, 206, 236) 0%, rgb(152, 150, 240) 100%);--tie-preset-gradient-8:linear-gradient(135deg, rgb(254, 205, 165) 0%, rgb(254, 45, 45) 50%, rgb(107, 0, 62) 100%);--tie-preset-gradient-9:linear-gradient(135deg, rgb(255, 203, 112) 0%, rgb(199, 81, 192) 50%, rgb(65, 88, 208) 100%);--tie-preset-gradient-10:linear-gradient(135deg, rgb(255, 245, 203) 0%, rgb(182, 227, 212) 50%, rgb(51, 167, 181) 100%);--tie-preset-gradient-11:linear-gradient(135deg, rgb(202, 248, 128) 0%, rgb(113, 206, 126) 100%);--tie-preset-gradient-12:linear-gradient(135deg, rgb(2, 3, 129) 0%, rgb(40, 116, 252) 100%);--tie-preset-gradient-13:linear-gradient(135deg, #4D34FA, #ad34fa);--tie-preset-gradient-14:linear-gradient(135deg, #0057FF, #31B5FF);--tie-preset-gradient-15:linear-gradient(135deg, #FF007A, #FF81BD);--tie-preset-gradient-16:linear-gradient(135deg, #14111E, #4B4462);--tie-preset-gradient-17:linear-gradient(135deg, #F32758, #FFC581);--main-nav-background:#1f2024;--main-nav-secondry-background:rgba(0, 0, 0, .2);--main-nav-primary-color:#0088ff;--main-nav-contrast-primary-color:#FFFFFF;--main-nav-text-color:#FFFFFF;--main-nav-secondry-text-color:rgba(225, 255, 255, .5);--main-nav-main-border-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, .07);--main-nav-secondry-border-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, .04)}body:has(.mepr-paywall-overlay){overflow:hidden}:where(.wp-block-button__link){border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration:none}:root :where(.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline),:root :where(.wp-block-button.is-style-outline>.wp-block-button__link){border:2px solid;padding:.667em 1.333em}:root :where(.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-text-color)),:root :where(.wp-block-button.is-style-outline>.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color)){color:currentColor}:root :where(.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-background)),:root :where(.wp-block-button.is-style-outline>.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background)){background-color:initial;background-image:none}:where(.wp-block-calendar table:not(.has-background) th){background:#ddd}:where(.wp-block-columns){margin-bottom:1.75em}:where(.wp-block-columns.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(.wp-block-post-comments input[type=submit]){border:none}:where(.wp-block-cover-image:not(.has-text-color)),:where(.wp-block-cover:not(.has-text-color)){color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-cover-image.is-light:not(.has-text-color)),:where(.wp-block-cover.is-light:not(.has-text-color)){color:#000}:root :where(.wp-block-cover h1:not(.has-text-color)),:root :where(.wp-block-cover h2:not(.has-text-color)),:root :where(.wp-block-cover h3:not(.has-text-color)),:root :where(.wp-block-cover h4:not(.has-text-color)),:root :where(.wp-block-cover h5:not(.has-text-color)),:root :where(.wp-block-cover h6:not(.has-text-color)),:root :where(.wp-block-cover p:not(.has-text-color)){color:inherit}:where(.wp-block-file){margin-bottom:1.5em}:where(.wp-block-file__button){border-radius:2em;display:inline-block;padding:.5em 1em}:where(.wp-block-file__button):is(a):active,:where(.wp-block-file__button):is(a):focus,:where(.wp-block-file__button):is(a):hover,:where(.wp-block-file__button):is(a):visited{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;opacity:.85;text-decoration:none}.wp-block-gallery:not(.has-nested-images){display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;list-style-type:none;margin:0;padding:0}:where(.wp-block-group.wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained){position:relative}:root :where(.wp-block-image.is-style-rounded img,.wp-block-image .is-style-rounded img){border-radius:9999px}:where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height] .wp-block-latest-comments__comment)){line-height:1.1}:where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height] .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt p)){line-height:1.8}:root :where(.wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid){padding:0}:root :where(.wp-block-latest-posts.wp-block-latest-posts__list){padding-left:0}ol,ul{box-sizing:border-box}:root :where(ul.has-background,ol.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)){padding:.5em 1em}:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu button.wp-block-navigation-item__content),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-pages-list__item button.wp-block-navigation-item__content){padding:.5em 1em}:root :where(p.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(p.has-text-color:not(.has-link-color)) a{color:inherit}:where(.wp-block-post-comments-form) input:not([type=submit]),:where(.wp-block-post-comments-form) textarea{border:1px solid #949494;font-family:inherit;font-size:1em}:where(.wp-block-post-comments-form) input:where(:not([type=submit]):not([type=checkbox])),:where(.wp-block-post-comments-form) textarea{padding:calc(.667em + 2px)}:where(.wp-block-post-excerpt){margin-bottom:var(--wp--style--block-gap);margin-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap)}:where(.wp-block-preformatted.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(.wp-block-search__button){border:1px solid #ccc;padding:6px 10px}:where(.wp-block-search__input){font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;line-height:inherit;text-transform:inherit}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper){border:1px solid #949494;box-sizing:border-box;padding:4px}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) .wp-block-search__input{border:none;border-radius:0;padding:0 4px}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) .wp-block-search__input:focus{outline:0}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) :where(.wp-block-search__button){padding:4px 8px}:root :where(.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots){height:auto;line-height:1;text-align:center}:root :where(.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots):before{color:currentColor;content:"···";font-family:serif;font-size:1.5em;letter-spacing:2em;padding-left:2em}:root :where(.wp-block-site-logo.is-style-rounded){border-radius:9999px}:root :where(.wp-block-site-title a){color:inherit}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link{background-color:#f0f0f0;color:#444}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-amazon{background-color:#f90;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-bandcamp{background-color:#1ea0c3;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-behance{background-color:#0757fe;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-bluesky{background-color:#0a7aff;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-codepen{background-color:#1e1f26;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-deviantart{background-color:#02e49b;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-dribbble{background-color:#e94c89;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-dropbox{background-color:#4280ff;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-etsy{background-color:#f45800;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-facebook{background-color:#1778f2;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-fivehundredpx{background-color:#000;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-flickr{background-color:#0461dd;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-foursquare{background-color:#e65678;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-github{background-color:#24292d;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-goodreads{background-color:#eceadd;color:#382110}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-google{background-color:#ea4434;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-gravatar{background-color:#1d4fc4;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-instagram{background-color:#f00075;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-lastfm{background-color:#e21b24;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-linkedin{background-color:#0d66c2;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-mastodon{background-color:#3288d4;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-medium{background-color:#000;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-meetup{background-color:#f6405f;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-patreon{background-color:#000;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-pinterest{background-color:#e60122;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-pocket{background-color:#ef4155;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-reddit{background-color:#ff4500;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-skype{background-color:#0478d7;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-snapchat{background-color:#fefc00;color:#fff;stroke:#000}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-soundcloud{background-color:#ff5600;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-spotify{background-color:#1bd760;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-telegram{background-color:#2aabee;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-threads{background-color:#000;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-tiktok{background-color:#000;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-tumblr{background-color:#011835;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-twitch{background-color:#6440a4;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-twitter{background-color:#1da1f2;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-vimeo{background-color:#1eb7ea;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-vk{background-color:#4680c2;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-wordpress{background-color:#3499cd;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-whatsapp{background-color:#25d366;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-x{background-color:#000;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-yelp{background-color:#d32422;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only)) .wp-social-link-youtube{background-color:red;color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link{background:0 0}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link svg{height:1.25em;width:1.25em}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-amazon{color:#f90}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-bandcamp{color:#1ea0c3}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-behance{color:#0757fe}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-bluesky{color:#0a7aff}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-codepen{color:#1e1f26}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-deviantart{color:#02e49b}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-dribbble{color:#e94c89}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-dropbox{color:#4280ff}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-etsy{color:#f45800}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-facebook{color:#1778f2}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-fivehundredpx{color:#000}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-flickr{color:#0461dd}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-foursquare{color:#e65678}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-github{color:#24292d}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-goodreads{color:#382110}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-google{color:#ea4434}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-gravatar{color:#1d4fc4}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-instagram{color:#f00075}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-lastfm{color:#e21b24}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-linkedin{color:#0d66c2}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-mastodon{color:#3288d4}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-medium{color:#000}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-meetup{color:#f6405f}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-patreon{color:#000}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pinterest{color:#e60122}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pocket{color:#ef4155}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-reddit{color:#ff4500}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-skype{color:#0478d7}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-snapchat{color:#fff;stroke:#000}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-soundcloud{color:#ff5600}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-spotify{color:#1bd760}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-telegram{color:#2aabee}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-threads{color:#000}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-tiktok{color:#000}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-tumblr{color:#011835}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-twitch{color:#6440a4}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-twitter{color:#1da1f2}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-vimeo{color:#1eb7ea}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-vk{color:#4680c2}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-whatsapp{color:#25d366}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-wordpress{color:#3499cd}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-x{color:#000}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-yelp{color:#d32422}:where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-youtube{color:red}:root :where(.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a){padding:.25em}:root :where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link a){padding:0}:root :where(.wp-block-social-links.is-style-pill-shape .wp-social-link a){padding-left:.66667em;padding-right:.66667em}:root :where(.wp-block-tag-cloud.is-style-outline){display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1ch}:root :where(.wp-block-tag-cloud.is-style-outline a){border:1px solid;font-size:unset!important;margin-right:0;padding:1ch 2ch;text-decoration:none!important}:where(.wp-block-term-description){margin-bottom:var(--wp--style--block-gap);margin-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap)}:where(pre.wp-block-verse){font-family:inherit}.entry-content{counter-reset:footnotes}:root{--wp--preset--font-size--normal:16px;--wp--preset--font-size--huge:42px}.screen-reader-text{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;word-wrap:normal!important}.screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#ddd;clip:auto!important;clip-path:none;color:#444;display:block;font-size:1em;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}html :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-color]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-color]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-color]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-color]){border-left-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-width]){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-width]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-width]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-width]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-width]){border-left-style:solid}html :where(img[class*=wp-image-]){height:auto;max-width:100%}:where(figure){margin:0 0 1em}html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:var(--wp-admin--admin-bar--height,0px)}@media screen and (max-width:600px){html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:0px}}:root :where(.wp-block-image figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}:where(.wp-block-group.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}:root :where(.wp-block-template-part.has-background){margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding:1.25em 2.375em}:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square:1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3:4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4:3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2:3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3:2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9:16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16:9/16;--wp--preset--color--black:#000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray:#abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white:#ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink:#f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red:#cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange:#ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber:#fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan:#7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan:#00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue:#8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue:#0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple:#9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--global-color:#f57e20;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6, 147, 227, 1) 0%,rgb(155, 81, 224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122, 220, 180) 0%,rgb(0, 208, 130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252, 185, 0, 1) 0%,rgba(255, 105, 0, 1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255, 105, 0, 1) 0%,rgb(207, 46, 46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238, 238, 238) 0%,rgb(169, 184, 195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74, 234, 220) 0%,rgb(151, 120, 209) 20%,rgb(207, 42, 186) 40%,rgb(238, 44, 130) 60%,rgb(251, 105, 98) 80%,rgb(254, 248, 76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255, 206, 236) 0%,rgb(152, 150, 240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254, 205, 165) 0%,rgb(254, 45, 45) 50%,rgb(107, 0, 62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255, 203, 112) 0%,rgb(199, 81, 192) 50%,rgb(65, 88, 208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255, 245, 203) 0%,rgb(182, 227, 212) 50%,rgb(51, 167, 181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202, 248, 128) 0%,rgb(113, 206, 126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight:linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2, 3, 129) 0%,rgb(40, 116, 252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small:13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium:20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large:36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large:42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20:0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30:0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40:1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50:1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60:2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70:3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80:5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural:6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep:12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, .4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined:6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1),6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap:.5em}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap:.5em}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap:1.25em}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap:1.25em}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap:2em}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap:2em}:root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size:1.5em;line-height:1.6}:root{--brand-color:#0669ff;--dark-brand-color:#0051cc;--bright-color:#FFF;--base-color:#2c2f34}html{-ms-touch-action:manipulation;touch-action:manipulation;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%}article,aside,details,figure,footer,header,main,nav{display:block}audio,progress,video{display:inline-block}audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}progress{vertical-align:baseline}[hidden],template{display:none}a{background-color:transparent}a:active,a:hover{outline-width:0}b,strong{font-weight:inherit}b,strong{font-weight:600}small{font-size:80%}img{border-style:none}svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}figure{margin:1em 0}button,input,select,textarea{font:inherit}optgroup{font-weight:700}button,input,select{overflow:visible}button,input,select,textarea{margin:0}button,select{text-transform:none}[type=button],[type=reset],[type=submit],button{cursor:pointer}[disabled]{cursor:default}[type=reset],[type=submit],button,html [type=button]{-webkit-appearance:button}button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}button:-moz-focusring,input:-moz-focusring{outline:ButtonText dotted 1px}fieldset{border:1px solid silver;margin:0 2px;padding:.35em .625em .75em}legend{box-sizing:border-box;color:inherit;display:table;max-width:100%;padding:0;white-space:normal}textarea{overflow:auto}[type=checkbox],[type=radio]{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0}[type=number]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,[type=number]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:textfield}[type=search]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}*{padding:0;margin:0;list-style:none;border:0;outline:0;box-sizing:border-box}:after,:before{box-sizing:border-box}body{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--base-color);font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Oxygen,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,"Helvetica Neue","Open Sans",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:21px}.the-subtitle,h1,h3,h4{line-height:1.4;font-weight:600}h1{font-size:41px;font-weight:700}h3{font-size:23px}.the-subtitle,h4{font-size:17px}a{color:var(--base-color);text-decoration:none;transition:.15s}a:hover{color:var(--brand-color)}embed,img,object{max-width:100%;height:auto}iframe{max-width:100%}p{line-height:1.7}.screen-reader-text{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);position:absolute!important;height:1px;width:1px;overflow:hidden}.stream-item{text-align:center;position:relative;z-index:2;margin:20px 0;padding:0}.stream-item iframe{margin:0 auto}.stream-item img{max-width:100%;width:auto;height:auto;margin:0 auto;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.tie-icon:before,[class*=" tie-icon-"],[class^=tie-icon-]{font-family:tiefonticon!important;speak:never;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;display:inline-block}#autocomplete-suggestions,.tie-popup{display:none}.container{margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}.container:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}@media (min-width:768px){.container{width:100%}}@media (min-width:1200px){.container{max-width:1200px}}.tie-row{margin-left:-15px;margin-right:-15px}.tie-row:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}.tie-col-md-12,.tie-col-md-4,.tie-col-md-8,.tie-col-sm-4,.tie-col-xs-12,.tie-col-xs-6{position:relative;min-height:1px;padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}.tie-col-xs-12,.tie-col-xs-6{float:left}.tie-col-xs-6{width:50%}.tie-col-xs-12{width:100%}@media (min-width:768px){.tie-col-sm-4{float:left}.tie-col-sm-4{width:33.33333%}.has-first-big-post li:first-child .tie-media-icon:before{width:50px;height:50px;line-height:46px}}@media (min-width:992px){.header-layout-3.has-normal-width-logo .stream-item-top img{float:right}.tie-col-md-12,.tie-col-md-4,.tie-col-md-8{float:left}.tie-col-md-4{width:33.33333%}.tie-col-md-8{width:66.66667%}.tie-col-md-12{width:100%}.boxed-layout #main-nav.fixed-nav,.boxed-layout #tie-wrapper{width:95%}}.tie-alignleft{float:left}.tie-alignright{float:right}.fullwidth{width:100%!important}.clearfix:after,.clearfix:before{content:"\0020";display:block;height:0;overflow:hidden}.clearfix:after{clear:both}#tie-wrapper,.tie-container{height:100%;min-height:650px}.tie-container{position:relative;overflow:hidden}#tie-wrapper{background:#fff;position:relative;z-index:108;height:100%;margin:0 auto}.container-wrapper{background:#fff;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-radius:2px;padding:30px}#content{margin-top:30px}.site-content{-ms-word-wrap:break-word;word-wrap:break-word}.boxed-layout #tie-wrapper,.boxed-layout .fixed-nav{max-width:1230px}.boxed-layout.wrapper-has-shadow #tie-wrapper{box-shadow:0 1px 7px rgba(171,171,171,.5)}@media (min-width:992px){.border-layout #tie-container{margin:25px}.border-layout:after,.border-layout:before{background:inherit;content:"";display:block;height:25px;left:0;bottom:0;position:fixed;width:100%;z-index:110}.border-layout:before{top:0;bottom:auto}.border-layout.admin-bar:before{top:32px}.border-layout #main-nav.fixed-nav{left:25px;right:25px;width:calc(100% - 50px)}}.theme-header{background:#fff;position:relative;z-index:999}.theme-header:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}.theme-header.has-shadow{box-shadow:rgba(0,0,0,.1) 0 25px 20px -20px}#menu-components-wrap{display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;width:100%;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap}.logo-row{position:relative}#logo{margin-top:40px;margin-bottom:40px;display:block;float:left}#logo img{vertical-align:middle}#logo img[src*='.svg']{width:100%!important}@-moz-document url-prefix(){#logo img[src*='.svg']{height:100px}}#logo a{display:inline-block}#tie-logo-inverted{display:none}.tie-skin-inverted #tie-logo-inverted{display:block}.tie-skin-inverted #tie-logo-default{display:none}@media (max-width:991px){.page.has-header-ad:not(.has-header-below-ad) #content,.single.has-header-ad:not(.has-header-below-ad) #content{margin-top:0}.header-layout-3.has-normal-width-logo .stream-item-top{clear:both}#content{margin-top:15px}#theme-header.has-normal-width-logo #logo{margin:14px 0!important;text-align:left;line-height:1}#theme-header.has-normal-width-logo #logo img{width:auto;height:auto;max-width:190px}#theme-header.mobile-header-default:not(.header-layout-1) #logo{-webkit-flex-grow:10;-ms-flex-positive:10;flex-grow:10}}.components{display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-justify-content:end;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:end}.components>li{position:relative}.components>li.social-icons-item{margin:0}.components>li>a{display:block;position:relative;width:30px;text-align:center;font-size:16px;white-space:nowrap}.components>li:hover>a,.components>li>a:hover{z-index:2}.popup-login-icon.has-title a{width:auto;padding:0 8px}.popup-login-icon.has-title span{line-height:unset;float:left}.popup-login-icon.has-title .login-title{position:relative;font-size:13px;padding-left:4px}.components .tie-weather-widget{color:var(--base-color)}.main-nav-dark .main-nav .tie-weather-widget{color:#fff}.top-nav-dark .top-nav .tie-weather-widget{color:#ccc}.header-layout-1 #menu-components-wrap{display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end}.header-layout-1 .main-menu-wrapper{display:table;width:100%}.header-layout-1 #logo{line-height:1;float:left;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px}@media (max-width:991px){.header-layout-1 .main-menu-wrapper,.logo-container{border-width:0;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-flow:row nowrap;-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;-webkit-align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between}}.mobile-header-components{display:none;z-index:10;height:30px;line-height:30px;-webkit-flex-wrap:nowrap;-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap;-webkit-flex:1 1 0%;-ms-flex:1 1 0%;flex:1 1 0%}.mobile-header-components .components{float:none;display:-webkit-flex!important;display:-ms-flexbox!important;display:flex!important;-webkit-justify-content:stretch;-ms-flex-pack:stretch;justify-content:stretch}.mobile-header-components .components li.custom-menu-link{display:inline-block;float:none}.mobile-header-components .components li.custom-menu-link>a{width:20px;padding-bottom:15px}.header-layout-1.main-nav-dark .mobile-header-components .components li.custom-menu-link>a{color:#fff}.mobile-header-components [class*=" tie-icon-"],.mobile-header-components [class^=tie-icon-]{font-size:18px;width:20px;height:20px;vertical-align:middle}.mobile-header-components .tie-mobile-menu-icon{font-size:20px}.mobile-header-components .nav-icon{display:inline-block;width:20px;height:2px;background-color:var(--base-color);position:relative;top:-4px;transition:background .4s ease}.mobile-header-components .nav-icon:after,.mobile-header-components .nav-icon:before{position:absolute;right:0;background-color:var(--base-color);content:'';display:block;width:100%;height:100%;transition:background .4s,right .2s ease,-webkit-transform .4s;transition:transform .4s,background .4s,right .2s ease;transition:transform .4s,background .4s,right .2s ease,-webkit-transform .4s;-webkit-transform:translateZ(0);transform:translateZ(0);-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;backface-visibility:hidden}.mobile-header-components .nav-icon:before{-webkit-transform:translateY(-7px);-ms-transform:translateY(-7px);transform:translateY(-7px)}.mobile-header-components .nav-icon:after{-webkit-transform:translateY(7px);-ms-transform:translateY(7px);transform:translateY(7px)}.mobile-header-components .nav-icon.is-layout-3:after{width:60%}.dark-skin .mobile-header-components .nav-icon,.dark-skin .mobile-header-components .nav-icon:after,.dark-skin .mobile-header-components .nav-icon:before,.main-nav-dark.header-layout-1 .mobile-header-components .nav-icon,.main-nav-dark.header-layout-1 .mobile-header-components .nav-icon:after,.main-nav-dark.header-layout-1 .mobile-header-components .nav-icon:before{background-color:#fff}#mobile-header-components-area_1 .components li.custom-menu-link>a{margin-right:15px}#mobile-header-components-area_2 .components{-webkit-flex-direction:row-reverse;-ms-flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-direction:row-reverse}#mobile-header-components-area_2 .components li.custom-menu-link>a{margin-left:15px}#mobile-menu-icon:hover .nav-icon,#mobile-menu-icon:hover .nav-icon:after,#mobile-menu-icon:hover .nav-icon:before{background-color:var(--brand-color)}@media (max-width:991px){.logo-container:after,.logo-container:before{height:1px}#tie-body #mobile-container,.mobile-header-components{display:block}#slide-sidebar-widgets{display:none}}.top-nav{background-color:#fff;position:relative;z-index:10;line-height:40px;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-width:1px 0;color:var(--base-color);clear:both}.main-nav-below.top-nav-above .top-nav{border-top-width:0}.top-nav a:not(.button):not(:hover){color:var(--base-color)}.top-nav .components>li:hover>a{color:var(--brand-color)}.topbar-wrapper{display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;min-height:40px}.top-nav .tie-alignleft,.top-nav .tie-alignright{-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;position:relative}.top-nav.has-breaking-news .tie-alignleft{-webkit-flex:1 0 100px;-ms-flex:1 0 100px;flex:1 0 100px}.top-nav.has-breaking-news .tie-alignright{-webkit-flex-grow:0;-ms-flex-positive:0;flex-grow:0;z-index:1}.topbar-today-date{float:left;padding-right:15px;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0}.top-nav .tie-alignleft .components,.top-nav .tie-alignleft .components>li{float:left;-webkit-justify-content:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:start}.top-nav-dark .top-nav{background-color:#2c2e32;color:#ccc}.top-nav-dark .top-nav *{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.top-nav-dark .top-nav .breaking a{color:#ccc}.top-nav-dark .top-nav .breaking a:hover{color:#fff}.top-nav-dark .top-nav .components>li.social-icons-item .social-link:not(:hover) span,.top-nav-dark .top-nav .components>li>a{color:#ccc}.top-nav-dark .top-nav .components>li:hover>a{color:#fff}@media (max-width:991px){.theme-header .components,.top-nav:not(.has-breaking-news),.topbar-today-date{display:none}}.breaking{display:none}.main-nav-wrapper{position:relative;z-index:4}.main-nav{background-color:var(--main-nav-background);color:var(--main-nav-primary-color);position:relative;border:1px solid var(--main-nav-main-border-color);border-width:1px 0}.main-menu-wrapper{position:relative}@media (min-width:992px){.header-menu .menu{display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}.header-menu .menu a{display:block;position:relative}.header-menu .menu>li>a{white-space:nowrap}.header-menu .menu .sub-menu a{padding:8px 10px}.header-menu .menu a:hover,.header-menu .menu li:hover>a{z-index:2}.header-menu .menu ul:not(.sub-menu-columns):not(.sub-menu-columns-item):not(.sub-list):not(.mega-cat-sub-categories):not(.slider-arrow-nav){box-shadow:0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.header-menu .menu ul li{position:relative}.header-menu .menu ul a{border-width:0 0 1px;transition:.15s}.header-menu .menu ul ul{top:0;left:100%}#main-nav{z-index:9;line-height:60px}.main-menu .menu a{transition:.15s}.main-menu .menu>li>a{padding:0 14px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700}.main-menu .menu>li>.menu-sub-content{border-top:2px solid var(--main-nav-primary-color)}.main-menu .menu ul{line-height:20px;z-index:1}.main-menu .menu .sub-menu .tie-menu-icon{width:20px}.main-menu .menu-sub-content{background:var(--main-nav-background);display:none;padding:15px;width:230px;position:absolute;box-shadow:0 3px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.main-menu .menu-sub-content a{width:200px}.main-menu ul li:hover>.menu-sub-content,.main-menu ul li[aria-expanded=true]>.mega-menu-block,.main-menu ul li[aria-expanded=true]>ul{display:block;z-index:1}nav.main-nav.menu-style-solid-bg .menu>li:hover>a{background-color:var(--main-nav-primary-color);color:var(--main-nav-contrast-primary-color)}.header-layout-1 .main-menu-wrap .menu>li:only-child:not(.mega-menu){position:relative}.header-layout-1 .main-menu-wrap .menu>li:only-child>.menu-sub-content{right:0;left:auto}.header-layout-1 .main-menu-wrap .menu>li:only-child>.menu-sub-content ul{left:auto;right:100%}nav.main-nav .components>li:hover>a{color:var(--brand-color)}.main-nav .components li a:hover,.main-nav .menu ul li:hover>a:not(.megamenu-pagination){color:var(--main-nav-primary-color)}.main-nav .components li a,.main-nav .menu a{color:var(--main-nav-text-color)}.main-nav .components li a.button:hover{color:var(--main-nav-contrast-primary-color)}.main-nav-light{--main-nav-background:#FFFFFF;--main-nav-secondry-background:rgba(0, 0, 0, .03);--main-nav-primary-color:var(--brand-color);--main-nav-contrast-primary-color:var(--bright-color);--main-nav-text-color:var(--base-color);--main-nav-secondry-text-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);--main-nav-main-border-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, .1);--main-nav-secondry-border-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, .08)}.main-nav-light.fixed-nav{background-color:rgba(255,255,255,.95)}.main-nav-dark{--main-nav-background:#1f2024;--main-nav-secondry-background:rgba(0, 0, 0, .2);--main-nav-primary-color:var(--brand-color);--main-nav-contrast-primary-color:var(--bright-color);--main-nav-text-color:#FFFFFF;--main-nav-secondry-text-color:rgba(225, 255, 255, .5);--main-nav-main-border-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, .07);--main-nav-secondry-border-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, .04)}.main-nav-dark .main-nav{border-width:0}.main-nav-dark .main-nav.fixed-nav{background-color:rgba(31,32,36,.95)}.mega-menu>a:before,header .menu-item-has-children>a:before{content:'';position:absolute;right:10px;top:50%;bottom:auto;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%);font-family:tiefonticon!important;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;content:"\f079";font-size:11px;line-height:1}.mega-menu .menu-item-has-children>a:before,header .menu-item-has-children .menu-item-has-children>a:before{content:"\f106";font-size:15px}.menu .mega-menu:not(.is-icon-only)>a,.menu>.menu-item-has-children:not(.is-icon-only)>a{padding-right:25px}.main-nav-boxed .main-nav{border-width:0}.main-nav-boxed .main-menu-wrapper{float:left;width:100%;background-color:var(--main-nav-background);padding-right:15px}.main-nav-boxed.main-nav-light .main-menu-wrapper{border:1px solid var(--main-nav-main-border-color)}.dark-skin .main-nav-boxed.main-nav-light .main-menu-wrapper{border-width:0}.main-nav-boxed.main-nav-light .fixed-nav .main-menu-wrapper{border-color:transparent}.dark-skin .main-nav-below.top-nav-above #main-nav{border-width:0}.header-layout-1.main-nav-below.top-nav-above .main-nav{margin-top:-1px;border-top-width:0}.header-layout-1.main-nav-below.top-nav-above .breaking-title{top:0;margin-bottom:-1px}}.main-nav-boxed .fixed-nav .main-menu-wrapper,.main-nav-boxed .main-nav:not(.fixed-nav),.theme-header:not(.main-nav-boxed) .fixed-nav .main-menu-wrapper{background:0 0!important}.header-layout-1.has-shadow:not(.top-nav-below) .main-nav{border-bottom:0}#theme-header.header-layout-1>div:only-child nav{border-width:0!important}@media only screen and (min-width:992px) and (max-width:1100px){.main-nav .menu>li:not(.is-icon-only)>a{padding-left:7px;padding-right:7px}.main-nav .menu>li:not(.is-icon-only)>a:before{display:none}}.theme-header .fixed-nav{position:fixed;width:100%;top:0;bottom:auto!important;z-index:100;will-change:transform;-webkit-transform:translateY(-100%);-ms-transform:translateY(-100%);transform:translateY(-100%);transition:-webkit-transform .3s;transition:transform .3s;transition:transform .3s,-webkit-transform .3s;box-shadow:rgba(99,99,99,.2) 0 2px 8px 0;border-width:0;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,.95)}.theme-header .fixed-nav:not(.just-before-sticky){line-height:60px!important}.admin-bar .theme-header .fixed-nav{top:32px}@media (max-width:782px){.admin-bar .theme-header .fixed-nav{top:46px}}@media (max-width:600px){.admin-bar .theme-header .fixed-nav{top:0}}.theme-header .fixed-nav .container{opacity:.95}.theme-header .fixed-nav .main-menu,.theme-header .fixed-nav .main-menu-wrapper{border-top:0}.theme-header .fixed-nav.unpinned-no-transition{transition:none}.theme-header .default-behavior-mode.fixed-unpinned,.theme-header .fixed-pinned{-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);transform:translate3d(0,0,0)}@media (max-width:991px){.theme-header .fixed-nav{transition:none}.fixed-nav#main-nav.sticky-nav-slide.sticky-down,.fixed-nav#main-nav.sticky-up,.fixed-nav.logo-container.sticky-nav-slide.sticky-down,.fixed-nav.logo-container.sticky-up{transition:-webkit-transform .4s ease;transition:transform .4s ease;transition:transform .4s ease,-webkit-transform .4s ease}.sticky-type-slide .fixed-nav#main-nav.sticky-nav-slide-visible,.sticky-type-slide .fixed-nav.logo-container.sticky-nav-slide-visible{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);-ms-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}.fixed-nav.default-behavior-mode{-webkit-transform:none!important;-ms-transform:none!important;transform:none!important}#tie-wrapper header#theme-header{box-shadow:none;background:0 0!important}.header-layout-1 .main-nav,.logo-container{border-width:0;box-shadow:0 3px 7px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.header-layout-1 .main-nav,.logo-container{background-color:#fff}.dark-skin .logo-container,.main-nav-dark.header-layout-1 .main-nav{background-color:#1f2024}.dark-skin #theme-header .logo-container.fixed-nav{background-color:rgba(31,32,36,.95)}.header-layout-1 #menu-components-wrap,.header-layout-3 .main-nav-wrapper{display:none}.main-menu-wrapper .main-menu-wrap{width:100%}}.magazine2 .container-wrapper{border-width:0;padding:0;background-color:transparent;opacity:.99}@media (min-width:992px){.border-layout .theme-header .fixed-nav{top:25px}.border-layout.admin-bar .theme-header .fixed-nav{top:57px}.magazine2 .sidebar-right .sidebar,.magazine2.sidebar-right .sidebar{padding-left:40px}}.magazine2.page .entry-content{padding-top:0}.magazine2 .mag-box,.magazine2 .sidebar .container-wrapper,.magazine2 .sidebar .tie-weather-widget,.magazine2 .widget-content-only{margin-bottom:50px}.dark-skin .magazine2 .container-wrapper{background-color:transparent}.magazine2.post-layout-1 .entry-header-outer{padding:0 0 20px}.magazine2.search .entry-header-outer{margin-bottom:30px}.magazine2 .post-components>div{margin-top:50px}@media (max-width:991px){.magazine2 .mag-box,.magazine2 .sidebar .container-wrapper,.magazine2 .sidebar .tie-weather-widget,.magazine2 .widget-content-only{margin-bottom:30px}.magazine2.search .entry-header-outer{margin-bottom:20px}.magazine2 .post-components>div{margin-top:30px}}.magazine2 .entry-content{padding:0 0 30px}@media (max-width:670px){.magazine2 .entry-content{padding:0 0 15px}}.magazine2 .post-element .entry-content{padding:15px 0 0}.main-nav-dark .main-nav input,.top-nav-dark .top-nav input{color:#ccc}.top-nav-dark .top-nav input{color:#ccc}input,select,textarea{border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);color:var(--base-color);font-size:13px;outline:0;padding:10px 12px;line-height:23px;border-radius:2px;transition:background .3s,border .3s;max-width:100%;background-color:transparent}input:hover,input[type=text]:focus,select:focus,select:hover,textarea:focus,textarea:hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.03)}input:not([type=checkbox]):not([type=radio]),textarea{-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;outline:0}textarea{width:100%}select{padding:5px;height:30px;-webkit-appearance:menulist}select[multiple]{height:auto}[type=radio]{-webkit-appearance:radio;-moz-appearance:radio;appearance:radio}@media (max-width:767px){.magazine1:not(.has-builder):not(.error404) .main-content,.magazine1:not(.has-builder):not(.error404) .sidebar{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.magazine1:not(.has-builder):not(.error404) .social-icons-widget.widget-content-only{padding:0 20px}input:not([type=submit]),select,textarea{font-size:16px!important}.entry-header .post-meta>div,.entry-header .post-meta>span,.main-content .post-meta>div,.main-content .post-meta>span{float:left}}.button,[type=submit]{width:auto;position:relative;background-color:var(--tie-buttons-color,var(--brand-color));color:var(--tie-buttons-text,var(--bright-color));border-radius:var(--tie-buttons-radius,2px);border:var(--tie-buttons-border-width,0) solid var(--tie-buttons-border-color,var(--brand-color));padding:10px 25px;margin:0;font-weight:600;font-size:14px;display:inline-block;text-align:center;line-height:21px;cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:middle;transition:.3s;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none}.button:hover,[type=submit]:hover{background-color:var(--tie-buttons-hover-color,var(--dark-brand-color));color:var(--tie-buttons-hover-text,var(--bright-color));text-decoration:none}code,tt,var{font-family:Inconsolata,Monaco,MonacoRegular,monospace;font-size:13px;line-height:1.6}code{background-color:#d1d1d1;color:#1a1a1a;padding:.125em .25em}::-moz-selection{background:var(--brand-color);color:var(--bright-color);text-shadow:none}::selection{background:var(--brand-color);color:var(--bright-color);text-shadow:none}.full-width .main-content{width:100%}@-webkit-keyframes tieSlideInUp{from{-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,20px,0);transform:translate3d(0,20px,0);opacity:0}to{-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);transform:translate3d(0,0,0);opacity:1}}@keyframes tieSlideInUp{from{-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,20px,0);transform:translate3d(0,20px,0);opacity:0}to{-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);transform:translate3d(0,0,0);opacity:1}}#tie-body .tie-animate-slideInUp{opacity:0;-webkit-animation:.4s forwards tieSlideInUp;animation:.4s forwards tieSlideInUp;-webkit-animation-delay:.3;animation-delay:.3}.is-thumb-overlay-disabled .post-thumb:hover{opacity:.85!important}.is-thumb-overlay-disabled .media-overlay .post-thumb:hover img{opacity:1}.is-thumb-overlay-disabled .post-thumb-overlay{display:none}.is-thumb-overlay-disabled .media-overlay .post-thumb-overlay{display:block}.post-thumb{position:relative;height:100%;display:block;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-transform:rotate(0);-ms-transform:rotate(0);transform:rotate(0);transition:opacity .2s}.post-thumb img{width:100%;display:block}.post-thumb .post-cat-wrap{position:absolute;bottom:10px;margin:0;right:10px}.post-thumb-overlay-wrap{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;overflow:hidden}.post-thumb-overlay{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:3;background:rgba(35,38,42,.8);-webkit-transform:scale(1.5);-ms-transform:scale(1.5);transform:scale(1.5);transition:.4s;opacity:0}.post-thumb-overlay:hover{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale(1);-ms-transform:scale(1);transform:scale(1)}.post-thumb-overlay .tie-media-icon{position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;bottom:auto;right:auto;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);color:#fff;text-align:center;font-size:32px;z-index:8}.post-thumb-overlay .tie-media-icon:before{height:32px;width:32px;content:"\e685"}.media-overlay .post-thumb-overlay{background:0 0;-webkit-transform:scale(1);-ms-transform:scale(1);transform:scale(1);opacity:1}.media-overlay .tie-media-icon:before{border:2px solid #fff;border-radius:50%;width:40px;height:40px;line-height:36px;display:block;content:"\f030";text-align:center;font-size:17px;background:rgba(0,0,0,.3);transition:.3s;z-index:2}.media-overlay .post-thumb:hover img{opacity:.85}.media-overlay .post-thumb:hover .tie-media-icon:before{background:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}.media-overlay .tie-standard .tie-media-icon{display:none}.post-meta{margin:10px 0 8px;font-size:12px;overflow:hidden}.post-meta,.post-meta a:not(:hover){color:#666}.post-meta .meta-item{margin-right:8px;display:inline-block}.post-meta .meta-item.tie-icon:before{padding-right:3px}.post-meta .meta-item.date:before{content:"\f017"}.post-meta .tie-alignright .meta-item:last-child{margin:0!important}.post-cat-wrap{position:relative;z-index:3;pointer-events:auto;margin-bottom:5px;font-weight:400;font-family:inherit!important;line-height:0;display:block}.post-cat{display:inline-block;background:var(--brand-color);color:var(--bright-color);padding:0 11px;font-size:13px;line-height:2em;margin-right:4px;position:relative;white-space:nowrap;word-wrap:normal;letter-spacing:0;transition:.3s;border-radius:4px}.post-cat:first-child:last-child{margin:0}a.post-cat:hover{background:var(--dark-brand-color);color:var(--bright-color)}.tie-slider-nav{width:100%;position:absolute;z-index:1;top:50%;margin-top:-23px;transition:opacity}.tie-slider-nav li{cursor:pointer;position:relative;float:left}.tie-slider-nav li:last-child{float:right}.tie-slider-nav li span{position:absolute;z-index:2;width:25px;height:46px;line-height:46px;background:#fff;text-align:center;font-size:20px;color:var(--base-color);transition:.3s;border-radius:2px;border-top-left-radius:0;border-bottom-left-radius:0}.tie-slider-nav li span:hover{background:var(--brand-color);color:var(--bright-color)}.dark-skin .tie-slider-nav li span:not(:hover){color:#ccc}.tie-slider-nav li:last-child span{right:0;border-radius:2px;border-top-right-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0}.tie-slider-nav a:hover{background:rgba(0,0,0,.1)}@media (min-width:992px){.sidebar-right .main-content{float:left}.sidebar-right .sidebar{float:right}.magazine1 .sidebar-right .main-content,.sidebar-right.magazine1 .main-content{padding-right:3px}.magazine2 .sidebar-right .main-content,.sidebar-right.magazine2 .main-content{padding-right:5px}.tie-slider-nav{opacity:0}.main-slider:hover .tie-slider-nav{opacity:1}}.slider-arrow-nav{float:right;margin-left:5px}.slider-arrow-nav li{float:left;clear:none}.slider-arrow-nav a{border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);margin-left:5px;font-size:12px;line-height:20px;width:22px;height:22px;text-align:center;display:inline-block;cursor:pointer;border-radius:2px}.slider-arrow-nav a:not(.pagination-disabled):hover{background-color:var(--brand-color);color:var(--bright-color);border-color:var(--brand-color)}#breadcrumb{margin:50px 0 0}#breadcrumb,#breadcrumb a:not(:hover){color:#666}#breadcrumb .delimiter{margin:0 3px;font-style:normal}.entry-header-outer #breadcrumb{margin:0 0 20px;padding:0}.about-author{overflow:hidden;background:0 0;box-shadow:none!important}.about-author .social-icons{padding:0;margin:0}.about-author li.social-icons-item{float:left;list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}.about-author li.social-icons-item a{font-size:15px;width:auto;height:auto}.about-author li.social-icons-item a span{width:24px}.about-author li.social-icons-item a:not(:hover) span{color:var(--base-color)}.about-author li.social-icons-item a:hover{background-color:transparent!important}.social-icons-item{float:right;margin-left:6px;position:relative}.social-icons-item .social-link span{color:var(--base-color);transition:.15s;line-height:unset}.social-icons .social-icons-item .social-link,.social-icons-widget .social-icons-item .social-link{width:24px;height:24px;line-height:24px;padding:0;display:block;text-align:center;border-radius:2px}.social-icons-widget .social-icons-item .social-link:hover span{color:#fff}.main-nav .components>li.social-icons-item .social-link:hover{background-color:transparent!important}.main-nav .components>li.social-icons-item .social-link:not(:hover) span{color:var(--main-nav-text-color)}.top-nav .components>li.social-icons-item .social-link:hover{background-color:transparent!important}.top-nav .components>li.social-icons-item .social-link:not(:hover) span{color:var(--base-color)}.social-icons-item .facebook-social-icon{background-color:#4080ff!important}.social-icons-item .facebook-social-icon span{color:#4080ff}.social-icons-item .twitter-social-icon{background-color:#000!important}.social-icons-item .twitter-social-icon span{color:#000}.social-icons-item .linkedin-social-icon{background-color:#238cc8!important}.social-icons-item .linkedin-social-icon span{color:#238cc8}.social-icons-item .instagram-social-icon{background-color:#c13584!important}.social-icons-item .instagram-social-icon span{color:#c13584}.social-icons-item .youtube-social-icon{background-color:#ef4e41!important}.social-icons-item .youtube-social-icon span{color:#ef4e41}ul:not(.solid-social-icons) .social-icons-item a:not(:hover){background-color:transparent!important}.solid-social-icons .social-link{background-color:var(--base-color);transition:opacity .3s}.dark-skin .solid-social-icons .social-link{background-color:#27292d;border-color:#27292d}.solid-social-icons .social-link span{color:#fff!important;transition:.1s}.solid-social-icons .social-link:hover{opacity:.8}.featured-area.video-is-sticky,.tie-fluid-width-video-wrapper{width:100%;position:relative;padding:0;padding-top:56%}.entry .tie-fluid-width-video-wrapper{clear:both}.tie-fluid-width-video-wrapper embed,.tie-fluid-width-video-wrapper iframe,.tie-fluid-width-video-wrapper object{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%}.theme-notice{background:#fff6ac;padding:10px;color:#000!important;display:block;clear:both}#the-post .theme-notice{margin-bottom:10px}.loader-overlay{opacity:1;-webkit-perspective:10000px;perspective:10000px;background:0 0;position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;bottom:auto;right:auto;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%)}.entry-header{padding:30px 30px 0;margin-bottom:20px}@media (max-width:991px){.entry-header{padding:20px 20px 0}}#tie-body .action a:hover,#tie-body .post-cat:hover,#tie-body .tabs>li>a:hover,#tie-body a.button:hover,#tie-body a.remove:hover{text-decoration:none!important}#is-scroller-outer{visibility:hidden;width:100px;height:0;overflow:scroll}#is-scroller{width:100%}.entry{line-height:26px;font-size:15px}.entry p{margin-bottom:25px;line-height:26px}.entry p:last-child{margin:0}@media (max-width:767px){.page #breadcrumb .current,.page #breadcrumb em:last-of-type,.single-post #breadcrumb .current,.single-post #breadcrumb em:last-of-type{display:none}.container-wrapper,.entry-content{padding:20px 15px}}.section-item{position:relative;padding:30px 0 0;clear:both}.has-title .section-item{padding-top:85px;padding-bottom:55px}.mag-box-title{display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:flex-start;-ms-flex-align:start;align-items:flex-start;margin-bottom:20px}.mag-box-title h3{font-size:18px;margin-right:20px;-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;max-width:calc(100% - 145px);float:left}@media (max-width:479px){#theme-header.has-normal-width-logo #logo img{max-width:160px;max-height:60px!important}.about-author{text-align:center}.about-author .social-icons li{float:none;display:inline-block}.mag-box-title h3{max-width:calc(100% - 105px)}}.mag-box-title h3:only-child{max-width:100%}.mag-box-title .tie-alignright{-webkit-flex-grow:1;flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;width:100%}.flexMenu-viewMore>a{position:relative;z-index:5}.flexMenu-viewMore>a>span{display:inline-block;line-height:22px;font-size:16px}.mag-box-container{position:relative}.mag-box .posts-items li:first-child{margin-top:0}.mag-box{margin-bottom:30px;clear:both}.mag-box .is-loading{opacity:.5;transition:opacity .3s}.mag-box .posts-items{clear:both;margin:0 -2%}.mag-box .posts-items li{float:left;width:50%;margin-top:24px;padding:0 2%}@media (max-width:670px){.mag-box .posts-items li{width:100%}.mag-box .posts-items li:not(:first-child){margin-top:14px}}.mag-box .posts-items-loaded-ajax{margin-top:24px!important}.mag-box .post-title{font-size:20px;line-height:1.4}.mag-box .post-meta{margin:0 0 3px}.mag-box li:not(:first-child) .post-thumb{float:left;margin-right:15px}.mag-box li:not(:first-child) .post-title{font-size:16px}.show-more-button{border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);height:50px;line-height:50px;position:relative;text-align:center;display:block;font-weight:600;cursor:pointer;clear:both}.mag-box .show-more-button{margin:25px -30px -30px;border-width:1px 0 0}@media (max-width:767px){.mag-box .show-more-button{margin:20px -15px -20px}}.magazine2 .show-more-button{border-width:1px;margin:35px auto 0;max-width:350px}@media (max-width:991px){.section-item{padding-top:15px}.has-title .section-item{padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:10px}.mag-box{margin-bottom:15px}.magazine2 .show-more-button{margin-top:20px}}.pagination-disabled{opacity:.5;cursor:default!important}.pagination-disabled,.pagination-disabled:hover{color:#888!important}.tabs{transition:opacity .3s;max-height:75px;width:100%;padding:0;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-width:0 0 1px;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-flow:row wrap;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}.tabs li{display:inline-block;position:relative;padding:0!important}.tabs a{background:rgba(0,0,0,.02);display:block;text-align:center;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-width:0 1px 1px 0;font-size:15px}.tabs a:not(:hover){color:var(--base-color)}.dark-skin .tabs a:not(:hover){color:#ccc}.tabs>li>a{line-height:65px;padding:0 15px;border-bottom-color:transparent}body .tabs.tabs .active>a{background:rgba(225,225,255,.05);color:var(--brand-color)}.tab-content{padding:30px;display:none}.tab-content{position:relative;transition:.3s}@media (max-width:767px){.tab-content{padding:20px}}.tab-content-elements li{opacity:0}.tab-content:not(.is-not-active):first-of-type{display:block}.tab-content:not(.is-not-active):first-of-type .tab-content-elements li{opacity:1}.tabs-container-wrapper{padding:0!important}.normal-side .tabs{display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}.normal-side .tabs li{-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1}.normal-side .tabs a{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;padding:0 10px!important}.normal-side .tabs a span{font-size:20px;vertical-align:sub}.normal-side .tabs li:last-child a{border-right-width:0}.dark-skin .normal-side .tabs{border-color:#2c3033}.dark-skin .normal-side .tabs a{background:rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-color:transparent rgba(255,255,255,.1)}@media (max-width:320px){.normal-side .tabs{max-height:none;border-bottom:0}.normal-side .tabs li{display:block;width:100%;float:none}.normal-side .tabs a{border-bottom-color:rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-width:0 0 1px}.dark-skin .normal-side .tabs a{border-bottom-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}}.magazine1 .dark-widgetized-area .tabs-container-wrapper,.magazine2:not(.block-head-4) .dark-widgetized-area .tabs-container-wrapper{border-width:0}.magazine1 .dark-widgetized-area .tab-content,.magazine2:not(.block-head-4) .dark-widgetized-area .tab-content{padding:0}.magazine1 .dark-widgetized-area ul.tabs,.magazine2:not(.block-head-4) .dark-widgetized-area ul.tabs{margin-bottom:20px;border-width:0;max-height:55px}.magazine1 .dark-widgetized-area ul.tabs a,.magazine2:not(.block-head-4) .dark-widgetized-area ul.tabs a{border:0;color:#fff;line-height:55px;background-color:#27292d}.magazine1 .dark-widgetized-area ul.tabs a:before,.magazine2:not(.block-head-4) .dark-widgetized-area ul.tabs a:before{display:none}.magazine1 .dark-widgetized-area ul.tabs .active a,.magazine1 .dark-widgetized-area ul.tabs a:hover,.magazine2:not(.block-head-4) .dark-widgetized-area ul.tabs .active a,.magazine2:not(.block-head-4) .dark-widgetized-area ul.tabs a:hover{background:var(--brand-color);color:var(--bright-color)}.dark-skin .mag-box .tabs{border-color:#2c3033}.dark-skin .mag-box .tabs a{border-color:transparent rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.dark-skin .mag-box .tabs.tabs .active a{background-color:#1f2024}.dark-skin .magazine2 .tabs.tabs .active>a{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.magazine2 .tab-content{padding:30px 0 0}@media (max-width:767px){.magazine2 .tab-content{padding:20px 0 0}}.magazine2 .tabs{border-width:1px}.dark-skin .magazine2 .tabs{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.05)}.magazine2 .tabs>.active>a{border-bottom-color:inherit}.page .entry-header-outer{padding-bottom:0}.page .entry-content{padding-top:30px}.search .entry-header-outer{border-radius:2px;border-bottom-right-radius:0;border-bottom-left-radius:0}.search .entry-header-outer #breadcrumb{margin-bottom:20px;padding:0}.search .main-content>div:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.search .mag-box .container-wrapper{border-top-width:0;border-radius:2px;border-top-left-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:0}.search .mag-box{margin-bottom:0}.entry-header-outer .about-author{background:0 0;border:none;padding:0;margin-top:25px}div.post-element{padding:0;position:relative;margin-bottom:50px;overflow:hidden}div.post-element .featured-area{margin-bottom:0}div.post-element div.entry-content{padding:30px}div.post-element div.entry-content img{min-width:100%}.media-page-layout{margin-top:0}.media-page-layout .post-element{border:0!important}.media-page-layout .post-element .slide{height:300px;background-size:cover;background-position:center top;position:relative}.media-page-layout .post-element:nth-child(4n+2) .slide,.media-page-layout .post-element:nth-child(4n+3) .slide{height:450px}.media-page-layout .loader-overlay{top:200px}.full-width .media-page-layout .post-element .slide,.full-width .media-page-layout .post-element:nth-child(4n+2) .slide,.full-width .media-page-layout .post-element:nth-child(4n+3) .slide{height:300px}.full-width .media-page-layout .post-element:nth-child(2n+2) .slide{height:450px}.full-width .entry-header-outer{text-align:center}.full-width .media-page-layout:not(.masonry-with-spaces){padding-top:0}#masonry-grid:not(.masonry-loaded) .post-element{float:left;opacity:0}.search .entry-header-outer+#media-page-layout{margin-top:30px}.slick-slider{position:relative;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;-ms-touch-action:pan-y;touch-action:pan-y;-webkit-touch-callout:none;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}.slick-slider .slick-list,.slick-slider .slick-track{-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);transform:translate3d(0,0,0)}.slick-list{position:relative;overflow:hidden;display:block;margin:0;padding:0;width:99%;width:calc(100% - 10px)}.slick-list a,.slick-list:focus{outline:0}.slick-track{position:relative;left:0;top:0;display:block}.slick-track:after,.slick-track:before{content:"";display:table}.slick-track:after{clear:both}.slick-loading .slick-track{visibility:hidden}.slick-slide{float:left;height:100%;min-height:1px;display:none}[dir=rtl] .slick-slide{float:right}.slick-slide.slick-loading img{display:none}.slick-initialized .slick-slide{display:block}.slick-loading .slick-slide{visibility:hidden}.slick-vertical .slick-slide{display:block;height:auto;border:1px solid transparent}.slick-arrow.slick-hidden{display:none}.tie-slick-dots{position:absolute;bottom:100px;list-style:none;display:block;text-align:left;padding:0;width:100%}@media (max-width:1199px){.tie-slick-dots{bottom:30px}}.tie-slick-dots li{position:relative;display:inline-block;width:10px;height:11px;margin:0 3px;padding:0;cursor:pointer}.tie-slick-dots button{border:0;display:block;outline:0;line-height:0;font-size:0;color:transparent;cursor:pointer;background:#2c2f34;height:8px;width:8px;padding:0;margin:1px;border-radius:100%;transition:.3s}.tie-slick-dots button:focus,.tie-slick-dots button:hover{outline:0}.tie-slick-dots button:focus:before,.tie-slick-dots button:hover:before{opacity:1}.tie-slick-dots .slick-active button,.tie-slick-dots button:hover{background:var(--brand-color);-webkit-transform:scale(1.5,1.5);-ms-transform:scale(1.5,1.5);transform:scale(1.5,1.5)}.slide-bg{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;top:0;left:0;background-size:cover;background-position:center top;transition:opacity .5s;opacity:0}.slide-bg[style]{opacity:1}.main-slider{position:relative;z-index:3}.main-slider .slick-list{width:100%}.main-slider .slide{position:relative;overflow:hidden;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center top;background-size:cover}.main-slider .tie-slick-slider:not(.slick-initialized) .slide{display:none}.main-slider .tie-slick-slider:not(.slick-initialized) .slide:first-child,.main-slider .tie-slick-slider:not(.slick-initialized) .tie-slider-nav+.slide{display:block}.main-slider .tie-slick-dots{pointer-events:none}.main-slider .tie-slick-dots li{pointer-events:auto}@media (max-width:320px){.main-slider .post-cat{display:none}}.block-head-1 .the-global-title{position:relative;font-size:17px;padding:0 0 15px;border-bottom:2px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);margin-bottom:20px}.block-head-1 .the-global-title:after{content:"";background:#2c2f34;width:40px;height:2px;position:absolute;bottom:-2px;left:0}.block-head-1 .the-global-title:before{content:"";width:0;height:0;position:absolute;bottom:-5px;left:0;border-left:0;border-right:5px solid transparent;border-top:5px solid #2c2f34}.dark-skin .block-head-1 .the-global-title:before{border-top-color:#fff}.block-head-1 .mag-box div.mag-box-title:before{border-top-color:var(--brand-color)}.block-head-1 .dark-skin .widget-title:after{background:#fff}.block-head-1 .dark-skin .widget-title:before{border-top-color:#fff}.block-head-1 #footer .widget-title:before{display:none}.block-head-1 #footer .widget-title{border-bottom:0}.dark-skin .block-head-1 .the-global-title:after{background:#fff}.block-head-1 .mag-box div.mag-box-title,.block-head-1 .mag-box-title h3 a{color:var(--brand-color)}.block-head-1 .mag-box-title h3 a:hover{color:var(--dark-brand-color)}.block-head-1 .mag-box div.mag-box-title:after{background:var(--brand-color)}.block-head-1 .dark-skin .the-global-title,.dark-skin .block-head-1 .the-global-title{color:#fff;border-bottom-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.scrolling-box .mag-box-container{min-height:150px}.scrolling-slider{overflow:hidden;display:none}.scrolling-slider.slick-dotted{padding-bottom:40px}.scrolling-slider .slick-list{width:100%;width:calc(100% + 24px);margin-right:calc(-12px);margin-left:calc(-12px);overflow:inherit;transition:height .3s}.scrolling-slider .tie-slick-dots{bottom:0;text-align:center}.scrolling-slider .slide{margin:0 12px;position:relative}.scrolling-slider .post-title{font-size:16px;margin-top:8px}.scrolling-slider .post-meta{margin:8px 0 0}.mag-box .breaking-title{line-height:40px;margin-top:-1px;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}.mag-box .breaking{height:40px;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-left-width:0}.mag-box .controls-is-active .ticker-wrapper.has-js{padding-right:90px}.mag-box .breaking-news-nav,.mag-box .breaking-news-nav li,.mag-box .ticker,.mag-box .ticker-content,.mag-box .ticker-swipe,.mag-box .ticker-wrapper.has-js{line-height:38px;height:38px}.mag-box .breaking-news-nav{padding-right:0}.mag-box .breaking-news-nav li{margin:0;width:38px;border-width:0 0 0 1px;border-radius:0;font-size:16px}.mag-box .breaking-news-nav li:hover{border-color:transparent!important}.wide-slider-nav-wrapper{height:110px;overflow:hidden;width:100%;position:absolute;bottom:0;z-index:3;opacity:0;padding:0 35px;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.3)}.wide-slider-nav-wrapper .slick-list{width:100%}.wide-slider-nav-wrapper .slide{cursor:pointer;transition:.3s;height:110px;color:var(--brand-color)}.wide-slider-nav-wrapper .slick-current{box-shadow:inset 0 -5px 0 0}.wide-slider-nav-wrapper .tie-slider-nav{margin:-23px -35px;opacity:1}.side-aside{position:fixed;top:0;z-index:111;visibility:hidden;width:350px;max-width:100%;height:100%;background:#fff;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center top;background-size:cover;transition:visibility,-webkit-transform;transition:transform,visibility;transition:transform,visibility,-webkit-transform;transition-duration:.5s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.55,0,0.1,1) 0s;overflow-y:auto}#footer .container-wrapper{padding:15px 0;margin:0;background:0 0;box-shadow:none}.site-footer{margin-top:50px;padding:0}@media (max-width:991px){div.post-element div.entry-content{padding:20px}.site-footer{margin-top:30px}}.site-footer .widget-title-icon{display:none}.site-footer .widget,.site-footer .widget-content-only{margin-bottom:0;border:0}.site-footer .widget-content-only.buddypress,.site-footer .widget.buddypress{margin-bottom:30px}.site-footer .widget.tie-weather-widget{margin:15px 0}.footer-widget-area{margin-bottom:10px}.footer-widget-area:first-child:not(.footer-boxed-widget-area){padding-top:60px}.footer-widget-area:last-child{margin-bottom:20px}@media (max-width:767px){.wide-slider-nav-wrapper{display:none}.site-footer .widget{margin-bottom:20px}.footer-widget-area:first-child:not(.footer-boxed-widget-area){padding-top:30px}.footer-widget-area{margin-bottom:20px}.site-info .social-icons li a{width:48px!important;height:48px!important;line-height:48px!important;font-size:18px;margin-top:10px}}@media (min-width:992px){.side-aside{right:0;-webkit-transform:translate(350px,0);-ms-transform:translate(350px,0);transform:translate(350px,0)}.side-aside:not(.slide-sidebar-desktop){display:none}.footer-boxed-widget-area{padding:30px 30px 0;margin-bottom:50px;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1);border-radius:2px}.footer-boxed-widget-area:first-child{margin-top:50px}.footer-boxed-widget-area:last-child{margin-bottom:30px}.footer-boxed-widget-area>.tie-row>[class*=tie-col]{padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px}#footer .footer-boxed-widget-area .container-wrapper,#footer .footer-boxed-widget-area .widget.widget-content-only{padding:0;margin-bottom:30px}}.site-info{background:#161619;padding:20px 0;line-height:32px;text-align:center}.copyright-text{font-size:13px}.footer-menu{text-align:center}.footer-menu li{display:inline-block;margin:0 5px}.site-info .social-icons{text-align:center}.site-info .social-icons li{float:none;display:inline-block;margin:0}.site-info .social-icons li a span{color:#ccc}.site-info .social-icons li a:hover span{color:#fff}a.go-to-top-button{width:42px;height:42px;line-height:40px;background:var(--brand-color);text-align:center;display:block;position:fixed;bottom:-100px;right:20px;z-index:3;color:#fff;transition:.3s;font-size:22px;box-shadow:0 5px 25px rgba(0,0,0,.3);border-radius:50%}a.go-to-top-button:hover{opacity:.85}a.go-to-top-button.show-top-button{bottom:20px}.border-layout a.go-to-top-button.show-top-button{bottom:30px}.stream-item-above-footer{margin:40px auto 5px}@media (max-width:767px){.site-info .tie-alignleft,.site-info .tie-alignright{float:none}a.go-to-top-button{right:5px}a.go-to-top-button.show-top-button{bottom:45px}.stream-item-above-footer{max-width:728px;margin:40px 15px 5px}.fullwidth-area .latest-tweets-widget{max-height:inherit}}.dark-skin{--lazyload-loading-color:#161717}.dark-skin,.dark-skin body{background-color:var(--tie-dark-skin-bg-main,#1f2024);color:#fff}.dark-skin .change-skin-icon:before{content:"\f113"}.dark-skin input:not([type=submit]),.dark-skin select,.dark-skin textarea{color:#ccc}.dark-skin .entry h1,.dark-skin .entry h3,.dark-skin .entry h4,.dark-skin a:not(:hover){color:#fff}.dark-skin #autocomplete-suggestions,.dark-skin .about-author .social-icons li.social-icons-item a:not(:hover) span,.dark-skin .login-widget .forget-text:not(:hover),.dark-skin .post-meta,.dark-skin .post-meta a:not(:hover),.dark-skin .timeline-widget ul li .date{color:#ccc!important}.dark-skin .next-posts,.dark-skin .prev-posts,.dark-skin .show-more-button,.dark-skin code,.dark-skin input:not([type=submit]),.dark-skin select,.dark-skin textarea{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.dark-skin #theme-header,.dark-skin #tie-wrapper{background-color:var(--tie-dark-skin-bg,#27292d)}.dark-skin .tie-slider-nav span{background:#18191c}.dark-skin .boxed-layout.wrapper-has-shadow #tie-wrapper{box-shadow:0 1px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.3)}.dark-skin .container-wrapper{background-color:var(--tie-dark-skin-bg-main,#1f2024);border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.dark-skin .tie-popup-container .container-wrapper{background-color:var(--tie-dark-skin-bg-main,#1f2024)!important}.dark-skin .widget a:not(:hover),.dark-skin .widget-title,.dark-skin .widget-title a:not(:hover){color:#fff}.dark-skin .widget-title-icon{color:#ccc}.dark-skin .widget_tag_cloud .tagcloud a{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.dark-skin .timeline-widget ul:before{background:rgba(0,0,0,.3)}.dark-skin .timeline-widget .date:before{background:var(--tie-dark-skin-bg,#27292d);border-color:rgba(0,0,0,.3)}.dark-skin .magazine1 .entry-header-outer+.mag-box{border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.dark-skin .entry-header .entry-title{color:#fff}.dark-skin .entry table *{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.dark-skin .post-content-slideshow,.dark-skin .post-content-slideshow .tie-slider-nav li span,.dark-skin .tabs-wrapper.tabs-vertical .tabs li a,.dark-skin .tabs-wrapper.tabs-vertical:after,.dark-skin .toggle{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.dark-skin #check-also-box{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1);background-color:var(--tie-dark-skin-bg-main,#1f2024)}.dark-skin .site-footer{background-color:#1c1d21}.dark-skin .mag-box:not(.tabs-box){background-color:transparent}.dark-skin .mag-box .slider-arrow-nav a{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.dark-skin .mag-box .tie-slick-dots li:not(.slick-active) button{background:rgba(255,255,255,.2)}.dark-skin .mag-box .breaking,.dark-skin .mag-box .breaking-news-nav li{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.dark-skin .mag-box .breaking,.dark-skin .mag-box .ticker-content,.dark-skin .mag-box .ticker-swipe{background-color:#27292d}.sidebar .container-wrapper,.sidebar .tie-weather-widget{margin-bottom:30px}body:not(.has-builder) .sidebar .container-wrapper:last-child,body:not(.has-builder) .sidebar .tie-weather-widget:last-child{margin-bottom:0}@media (max-width:991px){.sidebar .container-wrapper,.sidebar .tie-weather-widget{margin-bottom:15px}.has-sidebar .sidebar{margin-top:15px}.magazine2.has-sidebar .sidebar{margin-top:40px}}.widget-title{position:relative}.widget-title .the-subtitle{font-size:15px;min-height:15px}.widget-title-icon{position:absolute;right:0;top:1px;color:#b9bec3;font-size:15px}.widget-title-icon:before{content:"\f08d"}.post-widget-body{padding-left:125px}.post-widget-body .post-title{font-size:14px;line-height:1.4;margin-bottom:5px}.post-widget-thumbnail{float:left;margin-right:15px;position:relative}.post-widget-thumbnail img.tie-small-image{width:110px}.post-widget-thumbnail .tie-small-image img{width:110px}.widget li{padding:6px 0}.widget li:first-child{padding-top:0}.widget li:last-child{padding-bottom:0;border-bottom:0}.widget li:after{clear:both;display:table;content:""}.widget .post-meta{margin:2px 0 0;font-size:11px;line-height:17px}.widget-content-only:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.widget-content-only .widget-title{display:none}.section-item .widget-content-only:last-child,.side-aside .widget-content-only:last-child,.widget-content-only{margin-bottom:30px}.posts-list .widget-title-icon:before,.text-html .widget-title-icon:before{content:"\f0f6"}.posts-list-big-first .posts-list-items li:first-child,.posts-list-half-posts .posts-list-items li{padding-bottom:20px}.posts-list-big-first li:first-child .post-widget-thumbnail,.posts-list-half-posts li .post-widget-thumbnail{width:100%;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px}.posts-list-big-first li:first-child .post-widget-thumbnail a,.posts-list-half-posts li .post-widget-thumbnail a{min-height:40px}.posts-list-big-first li:first-child .post-widget-body,.posts-list-half-posts li .post-widget-body{padding-left:0}.posts-list-big-first li:first-child .post-title{font-size:18px}.posts-list-half-posts .posts-list-items{overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:-20px}.posts-list-half-posts li{width:47%;float:left}@media only screen and (min-width:480px) and (max-width:992px){.posts-list-half-posts li{width:48%}}.posts-list-half-posts li:nth-child(2){padding-top:0}.posts-list-half-posts li:nth-child(2n){float:right}.posts-list-half-posts li:nth-child(odd){clear:both}.posts-list-half-posts li .post-title{font-size:14px;line-height:1.4}.posts-list-half-posts .post-meta{overflow:inherit}@media (max-width:991px){.posts-list-big-first .posts-list-items{overflow:hidden}.posts-list-big-first li{width:48%;float:left}.posts-list-big-first li:nth-child(2){padding-top:0}.posts-list-big-first li:nth-child(2n){float:right}.posts-list-big-first li:nth-child(odd){clear:both}.posts-list-big-first li:nth-child(2),.posts-list-big-first li:nth-child(3){float:right;clear:none}.posts-list-big-first li:nth-child(n+5){display:none}.posts-list-half-posts li .post-title{font-size:20px}}@media (max-width:670px){.posts-list-big-first li{width:100%}.posts-list-big-first li:nth-child(2){padding-top:12px}.posts-list-big-first li:nth-child(n+5){display:block}.posts-list-half-posts li .post-title{font-size:14px}}form.search-form{overflow:auto;position:relative;width:100%;margin-top:10px}.search-field{float:left;width:73%;padding:8px 15px}.search-submit[type=submit]{float:right;padding:10px 5px;margin-left:2%;width:25%}.text-html p{line-height:24px}.text-html ol:not(:last-child),.text-html p:not(:last-child),.text-html ul:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:20px}.text-html ol li{list-style:decimal inside}.text-html ul li{list-style:disc inside}.login-widget .widget-title-icon:before{content:"\f023"}.login-widget form input[type=password],.login-widget form input[type=text]{width:100%;float:none;margin-bottom:15px}.login-widget .pass-container{position:relative}.login-widget .pass-container input[type=password]{padding-right:70px}.login-widget .forget-text{position:absolute;right:15px;line-height:45px;top:0;font-size:12px}.login-widget .forget-text:not(:hover){color:#666}.login-widget .rememberme{display:block;margin-bottom:15px}.widget_tag_cloud .widget-title-icon:before{content:"\f02c"}.widget_tag_cloud .tagcloud{margin:0 -3px;font-size:0;display:block}.widget_tag_cloud a{font-size:12px!important;display:inline-block;background:rgba(0,0,0,.03);border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);line-height:14px;margin:3px;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:2px}.widget_tag_cloud a:not(:hover){color:var(--base-color)}li.widget-post-list{padding:7px 0;position:relative}.stream-item .widget-title-icon:before,.stream-item-widget .widget-title-icon:before{content:"\f0a1"}.stream-item-widget a{display:block}.stream-item-widget img{display:block;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;height:auto}.stream-item-widget .stream-item-widget-content{text-align:center}.weather-wrap{clear:both;overflow:hidden;text-align:center;padding:15px 0 20px;line-height:1}.latest-tweets-widget{position:relative;min-height:80px}.latest-tweets-widget .widget-title-icon:before{content:"\e90f"}.latest-tweets-widget li{padding:0 0 10px}.latest-tweets-widget li:last-child{padding:0;margin-bottom:0;border-bottom:0}.latest-tweets-widget .widget-title+ul{margin-bottom:20px}.latest-tweets-widget .tie-slick-slider{display:none;position:relative;border-radius:2px}.latest-tweets-widget .tie-slick-slider .slick-list{width:100%}.latest-tweets-widget .tie-slick-slider li{border:0;height:58px;padding-bottom:0;overflow:hidden}.fullwidth-area .latest-tweets-widget{padding-bottom:0}.fullwidth-area .latest-tweets-widget .tie-slick-slider{margin-bottom:0;background:rgba(0,0,0,.15);padding:20px}.fullwidth-area .latest-tweets-widget .tie-slick-slider .slide{margin:2px 0;height:auto}@media (max-width:600px){.fullwidth-area .latest-tweets-widget .tie-slick-slider{padding-bottom:60px}}.timeline-widget .widget-title-icon:before{content:"\f073"}.timeline-widget ul{position:relative;padding-left:15px}.timeline-widget ul:before{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:2px;height:100%;background:#e6e6e6}.timeline-widget li{border-bottom:0;padding-bottom:10px}.timeline-widget li .date{font-size:10px;display:block;position:relative;color:#666;line-height:12px;margin-bottom:5px}.timeline-widget li .date:before{content:"";width:12px;height:12px;background:#e6e6e6;border:3px solid rgba(255,255,255,.8);position:absolute;left:-20px;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;border-radius:50%;-webkit-transform:translateZ(0);transform:translateZ(0);-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;transition-duration:.3s}.timeline-widget li h3{font-size:14px;line-height:1.4}.timeline-widget li a:hover .date:before{background:var(--brand-color);-webkit-transform:scale(1.2);-ms-transform:scale(1.2);transform:scale(1.2)}.social-icons-widget .widget-title-icon:before{content:"\f1e0"}.social-icons-widget ul{margin:0 -3px}.social-icons-widget .social-icons-item{float:left;margin:3px;border-bottom:0;padding:0}.social-icons-widget .social-icons-item .social-link{width:40px;height:40px;line-height:40px;font-size:18px}@media (max-width:479px){.social-icons-widget .solid-social-icons{text-align:center}.social-icons-widget .social-icons-item{float:none;display:inline-block}}.tie-weather-widget.widget{background:var(--brand-color);color:var(--bright-color);border-width:0;padding:0;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.tie-weather-widget.widget .user-weather-error{position:absolute;width:100%;top:0}.tie-weather-widget.widget .user-weather-error .theme-notice{background:rgba(255,0,0,.5);color:#fff!important;text-align:center;padding:0}.tie-weather-widget .widget-title{border-bottom:0!important;background-color:transparent;margin-bottom:0;padding:20px 20px 0}.tie-weather-widget .widget-title:after,.tie-weather-widget .widget-title:before{display:none}.tie-weather-widget .widget-title .the-subtitle{font-size:18px;color:var(--bright-color);margin:0;padding:0}.tie-weather-widget .widget-title .the-subtitle .widget-title-icon,.tie-weather-widget .widget-title .the-subtitle:after,.tie-weather-widget .widget-title .the-subtitle:before{display:none}.tie-weather-widget .widget-title span{font-weight:400;font-size:14px}.tie-weather-widget [class*=" icon-"]:after,.tie-weather-widget [class*=" icon-"]:before{font-family:tiefonticon}.tie-weather-user-location{position:absolute;font-size:22px;display:block;top:10px;right:10px}.tie-weather-user-location.has-title{top:20px;right:20px}.tie-weather-user-location:not(.is-loading){cursor:pointer}.tie-weather-user-location .tie-icon-gps:not(:hover){opacity:.5}.tie-weather-user-location .tie-icon-spinner{-webkit-animation:1s linear infinite tie-spin;animation:1s linear infinite tie-spin;opacity:.5}.aboutme-widget .widget-title-icon:before{content:"\f007"}.aboutme-widget .about-content-wrapper{overflow:hidden}.fullwidth-area .aboutme-widget .about-content-wrapper{padding:0 15%}@media (max-width:991px){.aboutme-widget .about-content-wrapper{text-align:center}.aboutme-widget .about-content-wrapper .aboutme-widget-content{max-width:500px;margin:0 auto}.aboutme-widget .about-content-wrapper .social-icons li.social-icons-item{float:none;display:inline-block}}.aboutme-widget .aboutme-widget-content{overflow:hidden;min-width:140px}.aboutme-widget .aboutme-widget-content h3{margin-bottom:10px}.aboutme-widget .aboutme-widget-content span.tie-social-icon{margin-right:5px;font-size:16px;line-height:25px}.aboutme-widget .social-icons{margin:15px 0 0}.aboutme-widget .social-icons:before{display:table;content:"";clear:both}.fullwidth-area .widget_tag_cloud{text-align:center}.fullwidth-area .widget_tag_cloud .widget-title{padding-bottom:0;margin-bottom:20px}.fullwidth-area .widget_tag_cloud .widget-title .the-subtitle{font-weight:700;font-size:32px}.fullwidth-area .widget_tag_cloud .widget-title:after,.fullwidth-area .widget_tag_cloud .widget-title:before{display:none}.fullwidth-area .widget_tag_cloud .tagcloud a{background:rgba(0,0,0,.2);border-radius:0;font-size:20px!important;font-weight:600;margin:0 2px 6px;padding:14px 18px;border:none;text-transform:capitalize}@media (max-width:767px){.fullwidth-area .latest-tweets-widget .tie-slick-slider .slide{height:58px}.fullwidth-area .widget_tag_cloud .tagcloud a{font-size:14px!important;margin:0 2px 6px;padding:10px 15px}}.fullwidth-area .widget_tag_cloud .tagcloud a:hover{background-color:var(--brand-color);color:var(--bright-color)}.widget-posts-list-container{position:relative}.widget-posts-list-container.is-loading{opacity:.5;transition:opacity .3s}.fullwidth-area>.container{padding:0}.fullwidth-area .tie-slick-dots{display:none!important}@media (min-width:992px){.mega-menu .mega-menu-block{left:0;width:100%;padding:30px}.mega-menu .mega-menu-block a{width:auto}.mega-menu .mega-menu-block ul.slider-arrow-nav{box-shadow:none;display:none;clear:both}.mega-menu .mega-menu-block .megamenu-pagination{width:30px;height:30px;line-height:30px;font-size:20px;border-width:1px}.mega-menu-post{display:block;float:left}.mega-menu .post-thumb{margin-bottom:10px}.mega-menu .post-meta{margin:5px 0 0;line-height:20px}.mega-menu .post-meta a{padding:0;background-color:transparent}.mega-menu .post-meta,.mega-menu .post-meta a:not(:hover){color:var(--main-nav-secondry-text-color)}.main-menu .is-loading .mega-menu-post,.main-menu .is-loading .mega-recent-post{opacity:.5!important;transition:opacity .3s}.main-menu .mega-cat-wrapper{overflow:hidden;height:auto;clear:both}.main-menu .mega-ajax-content{min-height:200px;position:relative}.main-menu .mega-recent-featured .mega-ajax-content{min-height:325px}.main-menu .mega-cat .mega-menu-content{clear:both}.main-menu .mega-cat .mega-menu-block{padding:0}.main-menu .mega-cat-content{padding:30px}.main-menu .mega-cat-sub-exists{width:80%;float:left}.main-menu .mega-cat-posts-container .megamenu-loaded-ajax{margin-left:-10px;margin-right:-10px}.main-menu .mega-cat .mega-menu-post{width:20%;opacity:0;padding:0 10px}.main-menu .mega-cat .mega-menu-post:nth-child(5n+1){clear:both}.main-menu .vertical-posts .mega-menu-post{width:25%}.main-menu .menu-item-has-children .cats-vertical,.main-menu .menu-item-has-children .cats-vertical+.mega-cat-content{padding-top:30px}.main-menu ul.mega-cat-sub-categories{overflow:hidden;box-shadow:none}.main-menu .cats-vertical{background:var(--main-nav-secondry-background);width:20%;float:left;padding:30px 0 0 20px;padding-bottom:1500px;margin-bottom:-1500px}.main-menu .cats-vertical li{width:100%}.main-menu .cats-vertical li:last-child{margin-bottom:50px}.main-menu .cats-vertical li a{display:block;border-top:0;width:100%;padding:8px 10px}.main-menu .cats-vertical li a.is-active,.main-menu .cats-vertical li a:hover{background:var(--main-nav-background)}.main-menu .mega-recent-post{float:left;width:37%;padding-right:30px}.main-menu .mega-check-also{float:left;width:63%;overflow:hidden;margin:0 -15px -20px}.main-menu .mega-check-also .mega-menu-post{width:50%;padding:0 15px 20px;overflow:hidden}.main-menu .mega-check-also .mega-menu-post:nth-child(odd){clear:left}.main-menu .mega-check-also .post-thumb{overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:0}.main-menu .mega-check-also .post-thumb img{width:110px}.main-menu .mega-recent-featured>.menu-sub-content{overflow:hidden}.main-menu .mega-recent-featured .mega-menu-content{float:right;position:relative;min-height:30px;width:100%}.main-menu .mega-recent-featured.menu-item-has-children .mega-menu-content{width:75%}.main-menu .mega-recent-featured.menu-item-has-children .mega-recent-post{width:52%;padding-left:30px}.main-menu .mega-recent-featured.menu-item-has-children .mega-check-also{width:48%}.main-menu .mega-recent-featured.menu-item-has-children .mega-check-also .mega-menu-post{width:100%}.theme-header .logo-row>div{height:auto!important}.logo-container.fixed-nav.fixed-nav{position:static!important;line-height:initial!important;box-shadow:none!important;background-color:transparent!important}.header-layout-3 .logo-container.fixed-nav.fixed-nav{width:auto}.header-layout-3 .stream-item-top-wrapper{float:right}}.breaking{float:left;width:100%;display:block!important}.breaking-title{padding:0 10px;display:block;float:left;color:#fff;font-size:12px;position:relative}.breaking-title span{position:relative;z-index:1}.breaking-title span.breaking-icon{display:none}@media (max-width:600px){.breaking-title span.breaking-icon{display:inline-block}.breaking-title .breaking-title-text{display:none}}.breaking-title:before{content:"";background:#f05555;width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;left:0;top:0;z-index:0}.breaking-news{display:none}.ticker-wrapper.has-js{margin:0;padding:0;height:40px;display:block;overflow:hidden;position:relative;padding-right:20px}@media (min-width:480px){.controls-is-active .ticker-wrapper.has-js{padding-right:70px}}.ticker{width:100%;height:40px;display:block;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.ticker-content{display:none;left:10px;line-height:40px;position:absolute;background-color:#fff;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;word-wrap:normal;text-overflow:ellipsis;max-width:calc(100% - 10px);width:auto}.top-nav-dark .ticker-content{background-color:#2c2e32}.ticker-content:focus{outline:0}.ticker-swipe{position:absolute;top:0;left:10px;display:block;width:calc(100% - 10px);height:40px}.ticker-swipe span{margin-left:1px;height:40px;width:7px;display:block}.ticker-swipe span:after{content:"_"}.ticker-content,.ticker-swipe{background-color:#fff}.top-nav-dark .ticker-content,.top-nav-dark .ticker-swipe{background-color:#2c2e32}.breaking-news-nav{position:absolute;right:0;padding-right:8px;list-style-type:none;height:40px}.breaking-news-nav li{padding:0;margin:9px 0 0 7px;float:left;cursor:pointer;height:23px;width:23px;display:block;line-height:20px;text-align:center;border-radius:2px;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);transition:.3s}.top-nav-dark .breaking-news-nav li{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}.breaking-news-nav li:after{opacity:.8;display:inline-block;content:"\f04c";font-family:tiefonticon}.breaking-news-nav li:hover{background-color:#f05555;border-color:#f05555;color:#fff}.breaking-news-nav li:hover:after{opacity:1}.breaking-news-nav li.jnt-prev:after{content:"\f104"}.breaking-news-nav li.jnt-next:after{content:"\f106"}.ticker-dir-left .ticker,.ticker-dir-left .ticker-content{float:left}.ticker-dir-right .ticker,.ticker-dir-right .ticker-content{float:right}#mobile-container{display:none;padding:10px 30px 30px}#mobile-menu{margin-bottom:20px;position:relative;padding-top:15px}#mobile-menu.hide-menu-icons a span.tie-menu-icon{display:none}#mobile-menu .menu>li{border-bottom:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.05)}.dark-skin #mobile-menu .menu>li{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.05)}#mobile-menu .menu>li li{padding-left:15px}#mobile-menu .menu>li:only-child{border-bottom:none}#mobile-menu .menu>li:only-child li{padding:0}#mobile-menu .menu>li:only-child li a{font-size:16px;font-weight:600}#mobile-menu li{display:block;position:relative}#mobile-menu li .screen-reader-text{height:auto;width:auto;position:initial!important;overflow:initial!important;clip:initial!important;-webkit-clip-path:initial!important;clip-path:initial!important}#mobile-menu li a{display:block;padding:15px 50px 15px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:22px;font-weight:600}.dark-skin #mobile-menu li a{color:#fff}#mobile-menu li a:hover{opacity:.7}#mobile-menu li a>.tie-menu-icon{margin-right:3px;width:25px;text-align:center}#mobile-menu li.menu-item-has-children>a:before{display:none}#mobile-menu li .menu-sub-content,#mobile-menu li ul{opacity:1!important;background-image:none!important;padding:0!important;min-height:unset!important}#mobile-menu li ul{padding-left:15px;display:none}#mobile-menu li ul a{font-weight:400;font-size:14px;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px}#mobile-menu li ul .mobile-arrows{font-size:12px}#mobile-menu:not(.hide-menu-icons) li.menu-item-has-icon>div,#mobile-menu:not(.hide-menu-icons) li.menu-item-has-icon>ul{padding-left:15px!important}#mobile-menu .mobile-arrows{width:50px;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;z-index:1;padding:15px 10px;line-height:22px;cursor:pointer;text-align:center;font-size:14px;-webkit-transform:rotate(0);-ms-transform:rotate(0);transform:rotate(0);transition:-webkit-transform .3s;transition:transform .3s;transition:transform .3s,-webkit-transform .3s}.dark-skin #mobile-menu .mobile-arrows{color:#fff}#mobile-menu .mobile-arrows.is-open{-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg)}#mobile-social-icons{margin-bottom:15px}#mobile-social-icons ul{text-align:center;overflow:hidden}#mobile-social-icons ul .social-icons-item{float:none;display:inline-block}#mobile-social-icons .social-icons-item{margin:0}#mobile-social-icons .social-icons-item .social-link{background:0 0;border:none}#mobile-search .search-form{overflow:hidden;position:relative}#mobile-search .search-form:after{position:absolute;content:"\f002";font-family:tiefonticon;top:4px;right:10px;line-height:30px;width:30px;font-size:16px;border-radius:50%;text-align:center;color:#fff}#mobile-search .search-field{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.05);border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1);color:#fff;width:100%;border-radius:50px;padding:7px 45px 7px 20px}#mobile-search .search-submit{background:0 0;font-size:0;width:35px;height:38px;position:absolute;top:0;right:5px;z-index:1}#mobile-search input::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:rgba(255,255,255,.6)}#mobile-search input::-moz-placeholder{color:rgba(255,255,255,.6)}#mobile-search input:-moz-placeholder{color:rgba(255,255,255,.6)}#mobile-search input:-ms-input-placeholder{color:rgba(255,255,255,.6)}#tie-wrapper:after{position:absolute;z-index:1000;top:-10%;left:-50%;width:0;height:0;background:rgba(0,0,0,.2);content:'';opacity:0;cursor:pointer;transition:opacity .5s,width .1s .5s,height .1s .5s}.dark-skin .side-aside{background:#0e0f11}@media (max-width:991px){.side-aside.appear-from-left{left:0;-webkit-transform:translate(-100%,0);-ms-transform:translate(-100%,0);transform:translate(-100%,0)}}.is-desktop .side-aside .has-custom-scroll{padding:50px 0 0}.admin-bar.is-desktop .side-aside .has-custom-scroll{padding-top:72px}.side-aside .widget-content-only:first-child{margin-top:20px}.side-aside:after{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,.2);content:'';opacity:1;transition:opacity .5s}.side-aside .container-wrapper{padding:30px!important;border-radius:0;border:0;background:0 0;box-shadow:none!important}.side-aside .widget-content-only{padding:0!important}.side-aside-open #tie-wrapper:after{width:200%;height:110%;opacity:1;transition:opacity .5s}.border-layout .side-aside-open #tie-wrapper:after{opacity:0}.side-aside-open .side-aside{visibility:visible!important;-webkit-transform:translate(0,0)!important;-ms-transform:translate(0,0)!important;transform:translate(0,0)!important}.side-aside-open .side-aside:after{display:none;width:0;height:0;opacity:0;transition:opacity .5s,width .1s .5s,height .1s .5s}a.remove{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;display:block;speak:never;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;width:20px;height:20px;display:block;line-height:20px;text-align:center;font-size:15px}a.remove:before{content:"\e117";font-family:tiefonticon;color:#e74c3c;transition:color .15s}a.remove:hover:before{color:#bf2718}a.remove.big-btn{width:25px;height:25px;line-height:25px;font-size:22px}a.remove.light-btn:not(:hover):before{color:#fff}.side-aside a.remove{z-index:1;top:15px;left:50%;right:auto;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%)}.admin-bar .side-aside a.remove{top:47px}.side-aside a.remove:not(:hover):before{color:#111}.side-aside.dark-skin a.remove:not(:hover):before{color:#fff}.tie-popup a.remove{transition:.3s;-webkit-transform:scale(.2);-ms-transform:scale(.2);transform:scale(.2);opacity:0;top:15px;right:15px;z-index:1}.tie-popup-is-opend .tie-popup a.remove{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale(1);-ms-transform:scale(1);transform:scale(1)}.theiaStickySidebar:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}.has-custom-scroll,.side-aside{overflow-x:hidden;scrollbar-width:thin}.has-custom-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar,.side-aside::-webkit-scrollbar{width:5px}.has-custom-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar-track,.side-aside::-webkit-scrollbar-track{background:0 0}.has-custom-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb,.side-aside::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{border-radius:20px;background:rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.dark-skin .has-custom-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb,.dark-skin .side-aside::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background:#000}.tie-popup-is-opend #tie-wrapper{transition:-webkit-filter .2s;transition:filter .2s;transition:filter .2s,-webkit-filter .2s;-webkit-filter:blur(2px);filter:blur(2px)}.tie-popup{position:fixed;z-index:99999;left:0;top:0;height:100%;width:100%;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.5);display:none;-webkit-perspective:600px;perspective:600px}.tie-popup-container{position:relative;z-index:100;width:90%;max-width:420px;margin:10em auto 0;border-radius:2px;box-shadow:0 0 20px rgba(0,0,0,.2);transition:.3s;will-change:transform,opacity;-webkit-transform:scale(.5);-ms-transform:scale(.5);transform:scale(.5);opacity:0}.tie-popup-container .login-submit{padding-top:15px;padding-bottom:15px}.tie-popup-container .container-wrapper{padding:60px;background-color:#fff!important;border-radius:5px}@media (max-width:479px){.breaking-news-nav{display:none}.tie-popup-container .container-wrapper{padding:30px}}#tie-popup-adblock .tie-popup-container{max-width:500px}#tie-popup-adblock .container-wrapper{background:#e74c3c!important;text-align:center;color:#fff}#tie-popup-adblock .container-wrapper .tie-btn-close:before{color:#fff}.pop-up-live-search{will-change:transform,opacity;transition:.3s;-webkit-transform:scale(.7);-ms-transform:scale(.7);transform:scale(.7);opacity:0}.tie-popup-is-opend .pop-up-live-search,.tie-popup-is-opend .tie-popup-container{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale(1);-ms-transform:scale(1);transform:scale(1)}.tie-popup-search-wrap .container{padding:0}.tie-popup-search-wrap::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:#fff}.tie-popup-search-wrap::-moz-placeholder{color:#fff}.tie-popup-search-wrap:-moz-placeholder{color:#fff}.tie-popup-search-wrap:-ms-input-placeholder{color:#fff}.tie-popup-search-wrap form{position:relative;height:80px;margin-bottom:20px}.popup-search-wrap-inner{position:relative;padding:80px 15px 0;margin:0 auto;max-width:800px}input.tie-popup-search-input{width:100%;height:80px;line-height:80px;background:rgba(0,0,0,.7)!important;font-weight:500;font-size:22px;border:0;padding-right:80px;padding-left:30px;color:#fff;border-radius:5px}button.tie-popup-search-submit{font-size:28px;color:#666;position:absolute;right:5px;top:15px;background:0 0!important;transition:.15s}button.tie-popup-search-submit .tie-icon-spinner{color:#666;cursor:default;-webkit-animation:3s linear infinite tie-spin;animation:3s linear infinite tie-spin}#tie-popup-search-mobile .popup-search-wrap-inner{padding-top:50px}#tie-popup-search-mobile input.tie-popup-search-input{height:50px;line-height:1;padding-left:20px;padding-right:50px}#tie-popup-search-mobile button.tie-popup-search-submit{font-size:16px;top:9px;right:0}#autocomplete-suggestions{overflow:auto;padding:20px;color:#eee;position:absolute;display:none;width:370px;z-index:9999;margin-top:15px}#autocomplete-suggestions .post-meta{margin:3px 0 0}.autocomplete-suggestion{padding-bottom:20px;clear:both;overflow:hidden}.autocomplete-suggestion:last-child{padding-bottom:0!important}.autocomplete-no-suggestion{text-align:center;font-weight:600}.live-search-dark{color:#ccc;background:#1f2024;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.07);margin:0 -1px}.live-search-dark.search-in-top-nav{background-color:#2c2e32}.live-search-dark .post-title a:not(:hover){color:#fff}.live-search-light{border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);background:#fff}@font-face{font-family:tiefonticon;src:url("https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/fonts/tielabs-fonticon/tielabs-fonticon.ttf?ciufdj") format("truetype"),url("https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/fonts/tielabs-fonticon/tielabs-fonticon.woff?ciufdj") format("woff"),url("https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/fonts/tielabs-fonticon/tielabs-fonticon.svg?ciufdj#tielabs-fonticon") format("svg");font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-display:swap}.tie-icon-facebook:before{content:"\f09a"}.tie-icon-gps:before{content:"\e90a"}.tie-icon-search:before{content:"\f002"}.tie-icon-author:before{content:"\f007"}.tie-icon-home:before{content:"\f015"}.tie-icon-bookmark:before{content:"\f02e"}.tie-icon-phone:before{content:"\f095"}.tie-icon-twitter:before{content:"\e90f"}.tie-icon-navicon:before{content:"\f0c9"}.tie-icon-linkedin:before{content:"\f0e1"}.tie-icon-bolt:before{content:"\f0e7"}.tie-icon-angle-left:before{content:"\f104"}.tie-icon-angle-right:before{content:"\f106"}.tie-icon-angle-up:before{content:"\f107"}.tie-icon-angle-down:before{content:"\f109"}.tie-icon-spinner:before{content:"\f110"}.tie-icon-youtube:before{content:"\f16a"}.tie-icon-instagram:before{content:"\f16d"}.tie-icon-paper-plane:before{content:"\f1d8"}.tie-icon-whatsapp:before{content:"\f232"}.tie-icon-dots-three-horizontal:before{content:"\e903"}.tie-icon-fire:before{content:"\e900"}.tie-icon-moon:before{content:"\f10d"}@-webkit-keyframes tie-spin{0%{-webkit-transform:rotate(0);transform:rotate(0)}100%{-webkit-transform:rotate(360deg);transform:rotate(360deg)}}@keyframes tie-spin{0%{-webkit-transform:rotate(0);transform:rotate(0)}100%{-webkit-transform:rotate(360deg);transform:rotate(360deg)}}.far,.fas{-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;display:inline-block;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-rendering:auto;line-height:1}.far{font-family:'Font Awesome 5 Free';font-weight:400}@font-face{font-family:'Font Awesome 5 Free';font-style:normal;font-weight:900;font-display:swap;src:url("https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/fonts/fontawesome/fa-solid-900.eot");src:url("https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/fonts/fontawesome/fa-solid-900.eot?#iefix") format("embedded-opentype"),url("https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/fonts/fontawesome/fa-solid-900.woff2") format("woff2"),url("https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/fonts/fontawesome/fa-solid-900.woff") format("woff"),url("https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/fonts/fontawesome/fa-solid-900.ttf") format("truetype"),url("https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/fonts/fontawesome/fa-solid-900.svg#fontawesome") format("svg")}.fas{font-family:'Font Awesome 5 Free';font-weight:900}.ilightbox-holder,.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-container,.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-container .ilightbox-caption,.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-container .ilightbox-social,.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-container .ilightbox-social *,.ilightbox-loader,.ilightbox-loader *,.ilightbox-overlay,.ilightbox-thumbnails,.ilightbox-thumbnails *,.ilightbox-toolbar,.ilightbox-toolbar *{float:none;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;outline:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;vertical-align:baseline;background:0 0;-webkit-touch-callout:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:-moz-none;-o-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-container .ilightbox-caption,.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-container .ilightbox-social,.ilightbox-loader,.ilightbox-loader *,.ilightbox-overlay,.ilightbox-thumbnails,.ilightbox-thumbnails *,.ilightbox-toolbar{-webkit-transform:translateZ(0);transform:translateZ(0)}.ilightbox-noscroll{overflow:hidden}.ilightbox-closedhand *{cursor:url(https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/ilightbox/dark-skin/ilightbox/closedhand.cur),default!important}.ilightbox-overlay{display:none;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:100000}.ilightbox-loader{position:fixed;z-index:100005;top:45%;left:-192px;padding-left:30px;opacity:.9;border-radius:0 100px 100px 0}.ilightbox-loader div{width:72px;height:72px;border-radius:0 100px 100px 0}.ilightbox-loader.horizontal{left:45%;top:-192px;padding:0;padding-top:30px;border-radius:0 0 100px 100px}.ilightbox-loader.horizontal div{border-radius:0 0 100px 100px}.ilightbox-toolbar{display:none;position:fixed;z-index:100010}.ilightbox-toolbar a{float:left;cursor:pointer}.ilightbox-toolbar .ilightbox-next-button,.ilightbox-toolbar .ilightbox-prev-button{display:none}.ilightbox-thumbnails{display:block;position:fixed;z-index:100009}.ilightbox-thumbnails .ilightbox-thumbnails-container{display:block;position:relative}.ilightbox-thumbnails .ilightbox-thumbnails-grid{display:block;position:absolute;-webkit-transform:translateZ(0);transform:translateZ(0)}.ilightbox-thumbnails .ilightbox-thumbnails-grid .ilightbox-thumbnail{display:block;cursor:pointer;padding:10px;position:relative}.ilightbox-thumbnails .ilightbox-thumbnails-grid .ilightbox-thumbnail img{width:100%;height:100%;border-radius:2px;-ms-interpolation-mode:bicubic}.ilightbox-thumbnails .ilightbox-thumbnails-grid .ilightbox-thumbnail .ilightbox-thumbnail-icon{width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;opacity:.7}.ilightbox-thumbnails .ilightbox-thumbnails-grid .ilightbox-thumbnail .ilightbox-thumbnail-icon:hover{opacity:1}.ilightbox-holder{display:none;position:fixed;z-index:100003;-webkit-transform:none;-ms-transform:none;transform:none}.ilightbox-holder.ilightbox-next,.ilightbox-holder.ilightbox-prev{cursor:pointer}.ilightbox-holder div.ilightbox-container{position:relative;width:100%;height:100%}.ilightbox-holder.supportTouch div.ilightbox-container{overflow:scroll;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-container .ilightbox-caption{display:none;position:absolute;left:30px;right:30px;bottom:0;max-width:100%;padding:5px 10px;margin:0 auto;font-size:12px;line-height:150%;word-wrap:break-word;z-index:20003;box-sizing:border-box;border-radius:3px 3px 0 0}.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-alert{display:block;position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:0;bottom:0;text-align:center;padding-top:100px;margin:auto;width:300px;height:50px}.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-wrapper{width:100%;height:100%;overflow:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-inner-toolbar{position:relative;z-index:100}.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-inner-toolbar .ilightbox-toolbar{position:absolute}.isMobile .ilightbox-thumbnails{display:none!important}.isMobile .ilightbox-toolbar .ilightbox-next-button,.isMobile .ilightbox-toolbar .ilightbox-prev-button{display:block}.ilightbox-title{font-size:12px!important}.ilightbox-title a{color:#ccc}.ilightbox-title a:hover{color:#fff}.ilightbox-holder.light .ilightbox-inner-toolbar .ilightbox-title a{color:#555}.ilightbox-holder.light .ilightbox-inner-toolbar .ilightbox-title a:hover{color:#000}.ilightbox-overlay{background:#000}.ilightbox-loader{-webkit-box-shadow:#000 0 0 85px,#000 0 0 85px;box-shadow:#000 0 0 85px,#000 0 0 85px}.ilightbox-loader div{background:url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/ilightbox/dark-skin/preloader.gif') center no-repeat #000}.ilightbox-holder{padding:5px;background:#000;-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 15px hsla(0,0%,0%,.8);box-shadow:0 0 15px hsla(0,0%,0%,.8)}.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-container .ilightbox-caption{background:url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/ilightbox/dark-skin/caption-bg.png');color:#fff;text-shadow:0 1px #000}.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-container .ilightbox-social{background:url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/ilightbox/dark-skin/caption-bg.png');-webkit-border-radius:2px;border-radius:2px}.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-alert{background:url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/ilightbox/dark-skin/alert.png') center top no-repeat;color:#555}.ilightbox-toolbar{top:11px;left:10px}.ilightbox-toolbar a{width:25px;height:23px;background:url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/ilightbox/dark-skin/buttons.png') 7px 6px no-repeat #000}.ilightbox-toolbar a.disabled{opacity:.2;cursor:default;background-color:#000!important}.ilightbox-toolbar a:first-of-type{-webkit-border-bottom-left-radius:3px;-webkit-border-top-left-radius:3px;border-bottom-left-radius:3px;border-top-left-radius:3px}.ilightbox-toolbar a:last-of-type{-webkit-border-bottom-right-radius:3px;-webkit-border-top-right-radius:3px;border-bottom-right-radius:3px;border-top-right-radius:3px}.ilightbox-toolbar a.ilightbox-fullscreen{background-position:6px -33px;right:35px}.ilightbox-toolbar a.ilightbox-fullscreen:hover{background-position:-31px -33px}.ilightbox-toolbar a.ilightbox-play{background-position:8px -57px}.ilightbox-toolbar a.ilightbox-play:hover{background-position:-32px -57px}.ilightbox-toolbar a.ilightbox-pause{background-position:8px -83px}.ilightbox-toolbar a.ilightbox-pause:hover{background-position:-32px -83px}.isMobile .ilightbox-toolbar{background:#000;top:auto;bottom:0;left:0;width:100%;height:40px;text-align:center;-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 25px rgba(0,0,0,.8);box-shadow:0 0 25px rgba(0,0,0,.8)}.isMobile .ilightbox-toolbar a{display:inline-block;float:none;width:50px;height:40px;background-size:50%;background-position:50%!important}.isMobile .ilightbox-toolbar a:hover{background-color:#111}.isMobile .ilightbox-toolbar a.ilightbox-fullscreen{background-image:url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/ilightbox/dark-skin/fullscreen-icon-64.png')}.isMobile .ilightbox-toolbar a.ilightbox-next-button{background-image:url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/ilightbox/dark-skin/arrow-next-icon-64.png');background-position:52% 50%}.isMobile .ilightbox-toolbar a.ilightbox-prev-button{background-image:url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/ilightbox/dark-skin/arrow-prev-icon-64.png');background-position:48% 50%}.isMobile .ilightbox-toolbar a.ilightbox-play{background-image:url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/ilightbox/dark-skin/play-icon-64.png')}.isMobile .ilightbox-toolbar a.ilightbox-pause{background-image:url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/ilightbox/dark-skin/pause-icon-64.png')}.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-inner-toolbar .ilightbox-title{font-size:18px;padding:10px 8px;padding-right:60px;color:#fff}.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-inner-toolbar .ilightbox-toolbar{left:auto;top:5px;right:5px}.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-inner-toolbar .ilightbox-toolbar a{-webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0;float:right}.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-inner-toolbar .ilightbox-toolbar a:first-of-type{-webkit-border-bottom-right-radius:3px;-webkit-border-top-right-radius:3px;border-bottom-right-radius:3px;border-top-right-radius:3px}.ilightbox-holder .ilightbox-inner-toolbar .ilightbox-toolbar a:last-of-type{-webkit-border-bottom-left-radius:3px;-webkit-border-top-left-radius:3px;border-bottom-left-radius:3px;border-top-left-radius:3px}.ilightbox-thumbnails .ilightbox-thumbnails-grid .ilightbox-thumbnail img{box-shadow:0 0 6px rgba(0,0,0,.9)}.ilightbox-thumbnails .ilightbox-thumbnails-grid .ilightbox-thumbnail .ilightbox-thumbnail-video{background:url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/ilightbox/dark-skin/thumb-overlay-play.png') center no-repeat}.tooltip{position:absolute;z-index:1070;display:block;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;line-break:auto;line-height:1.42857143;text-align:left;text-align:start;text-decoration:none;text-shadow:none;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-break:normal;word-spacing:normal;word-wrap:normal;font-size:12px;opacity:0}.tooltip .tooltip-inner{max-width:200px;padding:3px 8px;color:#fff;text-align:center;background-color:#000;border-radius:4px;font-family:inherit!important}.tooltip .tooltip-arrow{position:absolute;width:0;height:0;border-color:transparent;border-style:solid}.tooltip.in{opacity:.9}.tooltip.top{margin-top:-3px;padding:5px 0}.tooltip.top .tooltip-arrow{bottom:0;left:50%;margin-left:-5px;border-width:5px 5px 0;border-top-color:#000}.tooltip.right{margin-left:3px;padding:0 5px}.tooltip.right .tooltip-arrow{top:50%;left:0;margin-top:-5px;border-width:5px 5px 5px 0;border-right-color:#000}.tooltip.bottom{margin-top:3px;padding:5px 0}.tooltip.bottom .tooltip-arrow{top:0;left:50%;margin-left:-5px;border-width:0 5px 5px;border-bottom-color:#000}.tooltip.left{margin-left:-3px;padding:0 5px}.tooltip.left .tooltip-arrow{top:50%;right:0;margin-top:-5px;border-width:5px 0 5px 5px;border-left-color:#000}.post-content-slideshow{position:relative;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-radius:2px;min-height:200px}.magazine2 .post-content-slideshow{border:0}.post-content-slideshow .tie-slick-slider{display:none}.post-content-slideshow img{border-radius:0;opacity:1!important}.post-content-slideshow .slick-list{width:100%;transition:height .3s}.post-content-slideshow .tie-slider-nav{opacity:1;width:calc(100% - 30px);margin:0;right:15px;top:15px;padding:0}@media (max-width:767px){.post-content-slideshow .tie-slider-nav{left:50%;right:auto;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%)}.post-content-slideshow .tie-slick-dots{display:none!important}}.post-content-slideshow .tie-slider-nav li{list-style:none}.post-content-slideshow .tie-slider-nav li span{top:0;width:30px;height:30px;line-height:28px;border-radius:2px;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);font-size:16px}.magazine2 .post-content-slideshow .tie-slider-nav li span{width:40px;height:40px;line-height:38px}.post-content-slideshow .tie-slider-nav li span:not(:hover){background-color:transparent}.post-content-slideshow .tie-slick-dots{bottom:20px;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%);z-index:1;width:auto;margin:0;padding:0}.magazine2 .post-content-slideshow .tie-slick-dots{bottom:18px}.post-content-slideshow .tie-slick-dots li{margin:0 2px}.toggle{margin-bottom:15px;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);position:relative;border-radius:2px}.toggle h3{background:rgba(0,0,0,.03);font-weight:400;font-size:14px;padding:15px;margin:0!important;cursor:pointer;transition:background .3s ease}.toggle h3:hover{background:rgba(0,0,0,.05)}.entry .tabs-wrapper{margin-bottom:15px;padding:0}.entry .tabs,.entry .tabs li{margin:0;padding:0}.tabs-vertical{border:0;position:relative;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.tabs-vertical:after{content:"";position:absolute;top:0;left:-1px;width:28%;height:100%;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.02);border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-width:0 1px 0 0}.tabs-vertical .tabs{position:relative;overflow:auto;z-index:1;left:0;float:left;width:28%;max-height:none!important;border-bottom:0}.tabs-vertical .tabs li{display:block;width:calc(100% - 1px);transition:border .3s}.tabs-vertical .tabs li a{border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-width:0 0 1px;background-color:transparent}.tabs-vertical .tab-content{float:left;width:72%}.magazine2 .tabs-vertical:after{display:none}.magazine2 .tabs-vertical .tab-content{padding:0 0 0 30px}.magazine2 .tabs-vertical .tabs li{width:100%}.magazine2 .tabs-vertical .tabs a{line-height:50px}@media (max-width:670px){.magazine2 .tabs-vertical .tab-content{padding:20px 0 0!important}.tabs-vertical:after{display:none}.tabs-vertical .tabs{overflow:hidden}.tabs-vertical .tab-content,.tabs-vertical .tabs,.tabs-vertical .tabs li{width:100%;float:none}.tabs-vertical .tabs li{display:block;list-style-type:none}.tabs-vertical .tabs li a{border-left-width:0;border-right-width:0;background:rgba(0,0,0,.02)}.tabs-vertical .tabs li.active a{background-color:transparent;border-bottom-color:rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.dark-skin .tabs-vertical .tabs li.active a{border-bottom-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}}.post-content.container-wrapper{padding:0}.post-components>div{margin-top:30px}@media (max-width:991px){.post-components>div{margin-top:15px}#check-also-box{display:none}}.post-components #respond{margin-top:30px}.entry-header{font-size:45px;line-height:1.2}.entry-header .entry-title{margin-bottom:15px}@media (max-width:767px){.entry-header{font-size:28px}.entry-header .entry-title{font-size:28px}}.entry-header .post-cat{margin-bottom:6px}.entry-header .post-meta{overflow:inherit;font-size:12px;margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:0;line-height:24px}.entry-header .post-meta .meta-item{margin-right:12px}.entry-header .post-meta,.entry-header .post-meta a:not(:hover){color:#333}.dark-skin .entry-header .post-meta,.dark-skin .entry-header .post-meta a:not(:hover){color:#aaa}.entry-header .post-meta .tie-alignright{display:inline}.post-layout-1 div.entry-content{padding-top:0}.post-layout-1 .entry-header-outer{padding:30px 30px 20px}@media (max-width:767px){.entry-header .post-meta{margin-bottom:-8px}.entry-header .post-meta .tie-alignright{float:none}.entry-header .post-meta .meta-item,.entry-header .post-meta .tie-alignright .meta-item:last-child{margin-bottom:8px!important}.entry-header .post-meta>div,.entry-header .post-meta>span{float:initial!important}.post-layout-1 .entry-header-outer{padding:20px}}.post-layout-1 .entry-header{padding:0;margin:0}.full-width .entry-header .tie-alignright{float:none}.featured-area{position:relative;margin-bottom:30px;line-height:1}@media (max-width:767px){.featured-area{margin-bottom:20px}}.featured-area iframe,.featured-area img{width:100%}.single-featured-image{position:relative;margin:0;line-height:0}.entry-content{padding:0 30px 30px}.dark-skin .entry a,.entry a{color:var(--brand-color)}.dark-skin .entry a:hover,.entry a:hover{color:var(--dark-brand-color)}.entry a.button{color:var(--bright-color);vertical-align:inherit}.entry h1,.entry h3,.entry h4{margin:0 0 .5em}@media (max-width:767px){.entry-content{padding-right:15px;padding-left:15px}.single .entry-content{padding-top:15px}}.share-buttons{padding:18px 28px;line-height:0}@media (max-width:767px){.share-buttons{padding:15px}}.share-buttons-mobile{position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:999999;width:100%;background:0 0;border:0;padding:0}.share-buttons-mobile .share-links a{margin:0;border-radius:0;width:1%;display:table-cell;opacity:1!important}.share-buttons-mobile .share-links a .share-btn-icon{margin:0 auto;float:none}.mobile-share-buttons-spacer{height:40px}.dark-skin .share-links a,.share-links a{color:#fff}.share-links{overflow:hidden;position:relative}.share-links .share-btn-icon{font-size:15px}.share-links a{display:inline-block;margin:2px;height:40px;overflow:hidden;position:relative;transition:.3s;border-radius:2px;width:40px}.share-links a,.share-links a:before{background-color:#444}.share-links a .share-btn-icon{width:40px;height:40px;float:left;display:block;text-align:center;line-height:40px}.share-links a:hover{opacity:.8;color:#fff}.share-links a.facebook-share-btn,.share-links a.facebook-share-btn:before{background:#4080ff}.share-links a.twitter-share-btn,.share-links a.twitter-share-btn:before{background:#000}.share-links a.whatsapp-share-btn,.share-links a.whatsapp-share-btn:before{background:#43d854}.share-links a.telegram-share-btn,.share-links a.telegram-share-btn:before{background:#08c}.share-links a.viber-share-btn,.share-links a.viber-share-btn:before{background:#773ead}@media (min-width:768px){.share-buttons-mobile{display:none}.mobile-share-buttons-spacer{display:none}a.telegram-share-btn,a.viber-share-btn,a.whatsapp-share-btn{display:none!important}}.prev-next-post-nav{overflow:hidden}.prev-next-post-nav .tie-media-icon{float:left;font-size:16px;margin-right:10px;display:block;line-height:30px}.prev-next-post-nav .prev-post{padding-left:0;float:left}.prev-next-post-nav .prev-post .tie-media-icon:before{content:"\f104";letter-spacing:5px}.prev-next-post-nav .next-post{padding-right:0;float:right}.prev-next-post-nav .next-post .tie-media-icon:before{content:"\f106";letter-spacing:-5px}@media (max-width:479px){.prev-next-post-nav>div{width:100%;padding:0!important}.prev-next-post-nav>div:first-child{margin-bottom:20px}.prev-next-post-nav>div:last-child h3{padding-bottom:0}}.prev-next-post-nav .post-thumb{height:180px;background-size:cover;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.2)}@media (min-width:992px){.full-width .prev-next-post-nav .post-thumb{height:250px}}.prev-next-post-nav .post-thumb .tie-media-icon{width:60px;height:60px}.prev-next-post-nav .post-thumb .tie-media-icon:after,.prev-next-post-nav .post-thumb .tie-media-icon:before{width:60px;height:60px;line-height:50px;font-size:50px;border-width:3px}.prev-next-post-nav .post-thumb:hover{opacity:.8}.prev-next-post-nav h3{font-size:16px;transition:.15s;line-height:22px;text-align:center;padding:10px 20px 0}#related-posts .related-posts-list{overflow:hidden;margin:0 -15px -20px}@media (max-width:767px){.prev-next-post-nav h3{padding:10px 10px 0}#related-posts .related-posts-list{margin:0 -8px -20px}}#related-posts .related-item{position:relative;float:left;width:33.333%;padding:0 15px;margin-bottom:20px}#related-posts .related-item .post-thumb{margin-bottom:10px}#related-posts .related-item .post-title{font-size:14px;line-height:19px}#related-posts .related-item .post-meta{margin:4px 0 0}.has-sidebar .site-content #related-posts .related-item:nth-child(3n+1){clear:both}.full-width #related-posts .related-item{width:25%}.full-width #related-posts .related-item:nth-child(4n+1){clear:both}@media (max-width:767px){#related-posts .related-item{padding:0 8px}#related-posts .related-item{width:50%!important;clear:none!important}#related-posts .related-item:nth-child(odd){clear:left!important}}#related-posts.has-extra-post .related-item:last-child{clear:none!important;display:none}@media only screen and (min-width:320px) and (max-width:767px){#related-posts.has-extra-post .related-item:last-child{display:block}}#show-comments-section{padding:15px 25px;font-size:130%;font-weight:700;width:100%;text-align:center}#respond p{margin-bottom:10px}#respond p:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}#respond .required{font-weight:700;color:red}#respond label{line-height:30px;font-weight:700}#respond label:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#respond textarea{vertical-align:top;resize:none}#reading-position-indicator{display:block;height:5px;position:fixed;bottom:0;left:0;background:var(--brand-color);box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(0,136,255,.7);width:0;z-index:9999;max-width:100%}#main-nav #reading-position-indicator{margin-bottom:-5px}#check-also-box{position:fixed;background-color:#fff;z-index:999;bottom:15px;right:-1px;-webkit-transform:translatex(100%);-ms-transform:translatex(100%);transform:translatex(100%);width:340px;padding:30px;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);transition:.3s cubic-bezier(.55, 0, .1, 1) 0s;border-radius:2px;border-top-right-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0}#check-also-box.show-check-also{-webkit-transform:translatex(0)!important;-ms-transform:translatex(0)!important;transform:translatex(0)!important}#check-also-box .has-first-big-post .post-widget-body{clear:both}#check-also-box .posts-list-big-first li{padding-bottom:0}#check-also-box .posts-list-big-first li .post-title{font-size:18px;line-height:1.3em}div.fly-text-share{background:#fff;background-clip:padding-box;border:1px solid #e5e5e5;box-shadow:0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.15);border-radius:3px;position:relative;margin-left:-50px;margin-right:0;z-index:9999;width:140px;height:35px;text-decoration:none;float:none;text-align:center}.dark-skin div.fly-text-share{background:#131416;border-color:#131416}.dark-skin div.fly-text-share:after,.dark-skin div.fly-text-share:before{border-color:#131416 transparent}div.fly-text-share:before{border-color:#e5e5e5 transparent;border-style:solid;border-width:10px 11px 0;bottom:-10px;content:"";display:block;left:50%;margin-left:-11px;position:absolute;width:0}div.fly-text-share:after{border-color:#fff transparent;border-style:solid;border-width:9px 10px 0;bottom:-9px;content:"";display:block;left:50%;margin-left:-10px;position:absolute;width:0}div.fly-text-share a{font-size:16px;text-align:center;padding:8px 0;width:1%;display:table-cell;color:#999}div.fly-text-share a.tie-icon-facebook{color:#4080ff}div.fly-text-share a.tie-icon-twitter{color:#000}div.fly-text-share a.tie-icon-linkedin{color:#238cc8}div.fly-text-share a:hover{opacity:.6}span.video-close-btn{display:none;position:absolute;width:25px;height:25px;line-height:25px;text-align:center;border-radius:50%;background-color:#1f2024;color:#fff;z-index:1;right:-10px;top:-10px;box-shadow:0 0 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.5);cursor:pointer}span.video-close-btn:hover{background-color:var(--brand-color)}@media (min-width:992px){#the-sticky-video.featured-area{background-color:#111}#the-sticky-video.video-is-sticky{display:none}#the-sticky-video.video-is-sticky .featured-area-inner{position:fixed;z-index:9;box-shadow:0 0 15px rgba(20,22,26,.4);background-color:#1f2024;width:350px;height:196px;bottom:20px}body.full-width #the-sticky-video.video-is-sticky .featured-area-inner{left:20px}#the-sticky-video.video-is-sticky .featured-area-inner .video-close-btn{display:block}}#the-sticky-video:not(.video-is-sticky) .featured-area-inner{width:100%!important;height:auto!important}.stream-item-below-post{margin:30px auto;clear:both}#post-extra-info{display:none}.tie-infinte-post-iframe{display:block;width:1px;min-width:100%;height:0;border:0;opacity:0;padding:0;margin:50px 0 0;transition:opacity 1s;overflow:hidden}.tie-infinte-post-iframe[style]{opacity:1}@media (min-width:992px){.is-ajax-loaded-post.boxed-layout #tie-wrapper{width:100%}}.is-ajax-loaded-post .theiaStickySidebar{-webkit-transform:translateY(0)!important;-ms-transform:translateY(0)!important;transform:translateY(0)!important}.gallery{margin:0 -1.1666667% 1.75em}table{border-spacing:0;width:100%;border-collapse:separate;margin-bottom:1.5em}table tr:nth-child(2n){background:rgba(0,0,0,.03)}.table-is-responsive{clear:both;overflow-x:auto}.entry ol,.entry ul{margin-bottom:20px;padding-left:15px;margin-left:20px}.entry ol li,.entry ul ol li{list-style:decimal}.entry ol ul li,.entry ul li{list-style:disc;list-style-image:none}.entry li{margin:0 0 5px}.entry li ol,.entry li ul{margin:5px 0 0 15px}.entry dl{margin:0 0 1.75em}.entry dt{font-weight:700}.taq-load{position:relative;width:98px;height:20px;display:block}.wf-active .logo-text,.wf-active .the-subtitle,.wf-active h1,.wf-active h2,.wf-active h3,.wf-active h4,.wf-active h5,.wf-active h6{font-family:Poppins}#main-nav .main-menu>ul>li>a{text-transform:uppercase}body .button,body [type=submit]{font-weight:800}.post-cat{font-weight:800}.entry-header h1.entry-title{line-height:1.25}#the-post .entry-content,#the-post .entry-content p{font-size:17px}#tie-wrapper .mag-box-title h3{line-height:1.25}.entry h1{line-height:1.25}.entry h3{line-height:1.25}.entry h4{line-height:1.25}#tie-wrapper .widget-title .the-subtitle{line-height:1.25}.post-widget-body .post-title,.posts-list-half-posts li .post-title,.timeline-widget ul li h3{line-height:1.25}#tie-wrapper .mag-box.scrolling-box .slide .post-title{line-height:1.25}#tie-body{background-color:rgba(52,152,219,.1)}:root:root{--brand-color:#f57e20;--dark-brand-color:#c34c00;--bright-color:#FFFFFF;--base-color:#2c2f34}#reading-position-indicator{box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(245,126,32,.7)}.container-wrapper,.tie-weather-widget.widget{box-shadow:0 5px 15px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.05)}.dark-skin .container-wrapper,.dark-skin .tie-weather-widget.widget{box-shadow:0 5px 15px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2)}::-moz-selection{background-color:#ed781e;color:#fff}::selection{background-color:#ed781e;color:#fff}.dark-skin body .entry a:hover,a:hover,body .entry a:hover{color:#ed781e}#top-nav .breaking-title{color:#fff}#top-nav .breaking-title:before{background-color:#799335}#top-nav .breaking-news-nav li:hover{background-color:#799335;border-color:#799335}#autocomplete-suggestions.search-in-main-nav,#main-nav .main-menu-wrapper,#main-nav .menu-sub-content,#main-nav ul.cats-vertical li a.is-active,#main-nav ul.cats-vertical li a:hover{background-color:#70152c}#main-nav{border-width:0}#theme-header #main-nav:not(.fixed-nav){bottom:0}#autocomplete-suggestions.search-in-main-nav{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.07)}.main-nav-boxed #main-nav .main-menu-wrapper{border-width:0}#autocomplete-suggestions.search-in-main-nav a,#main-nav a.social-link:not(:hover) span,#main-nav a:not(:hover){color:#fff}#main-nav,#main-nav .tie-weather-widget,#main-nav input{color:#fff}#main-nav input::-moz-placeholder{color:#fff}#main-nav input:-moz-placeholder{color:#fff}#main-nav input:-ms-input-placeholder{color:#fff}#main-nav input::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:#fff}#autocomplete-suggestions.search-in-main-nav .post-meta,#main-nav .mega-menu .post-meta,#main-nav .mega-menu .post-meta a{color:rgba(255,255,255,.6)}#the-post .entry-content a:not(.shortc-button):hover{color:#f57e20!important}#footer{background-color:#70152c;background-image:url(https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/footer-bg2-scaled.webp);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;background-attachment:fixed;background-position:center center}#tie-wrapper #theme-header{background-image:url(https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/bg-header20tall-1.webp);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:initial;background-attachment:fixed;background-position:left top}#footer .timeline-widget a .date:before{border-color:rgba(112,21,44,.8)}#footer .footer-boxed-widget-area,#footer .show-more-button,#footer code,#footer input:not([type=submit]),#footer select,#footer textarea{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}#footer .widget_tag_cloud .tagcloud a{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.1)}#footer .timeline-widget a:not(:hover) .date:before,#footer .timeline-widget ul:before{background-color:#52000e}.tie-cat-9{background-color:#dbb211!important;color:#fff!important}.tie-cat-9:after{border-top-color:#dbb211!important}.tie-cat-9:hover{background-color:#bd9400!important}.tie-cat-9:hover:after{border-top-color:#bd9400!important}.tie-cat-254{background-color:#dbb211!important;color:#fff!important}.tie-cat-254:after{border-top-color:#dbb211!important}.tie-cat-254:hover{background-color:#bd9400!important}.tie-cat-254:hover:after{border-top-color:#bd9400!important}@media (min-width:1200px){.container{width:auto}}.boxed-layout #tie-wrapper,.boxed-layout .fixed-nav{max-width:1300px}@media (min-width:1270px){.container{max-width:1270px}}@media (max-width:991px){.side-aside.normal-side{background:#c06027;background:-webkit-linear-gradient(135deg,#380815,#c06027);background:-moz-linear-gradient(135deg,#380815,#c06027);background:-o-linear-gradient(135deg,#380815,#c06027);background:linear-gradient(135deg,#c06027,#380815)}}#main-nav .components .button:hover,#main-nav .menu>li:hover>a:hover,.search-in-main-nav.autocomplete-suggestions a.button{color:#fff!important}.tabs li{font-weight:500!important}img.inline{object-fit:contain;max-width:50%}img.block{object-fit:contain;max-width:100%}input.text,input.title,input[type=text],select,textarea{font-size:15px;padding:15px;margin:0 0 10px;font-family:inherit;width:99%}.button,[type=submit]{padding:6px 14px}#mo_justify_content i{box-sizing:content-box!important}.login-widget form input[type=password],.login-widget form input[type=text]{display:none}.login-widget .rememberme{display:none!important}.tie-popup-container .login-submit{display:none}.login-widget .forget-text{display:none}.termly-styles-module-primary-c2e506{color:#4672ff}.termly-styles-module-secondary-dbc415{color:#00c999}.termly-styles-module-dangerous-ca78b3{color:#ed7474}.termly-styles-module-root-c82f71{font-size:.875em;font-family:Roboto,"Open Sans",Helvetica,Arial}.termly-styles-module-root-c82f71.termly-styles-module-disabled-f3b5ea{opacity:.5;cursor:not-allowed}.termly-styles-module-root-c82f71:not(.termly-styles-module-disabled-f3b5ea){cursor:pointer}.termly-styles-module-outline-af2c17{border-width:1px;border-radius:3px;border-style:solid;background:#fff;padding:.625em 2em}.termly-styles-module-outline-af2c17.termly-styles-module-primary-c2e506{border-color:#4672ff}.termly-styles-module-outline-af2c17.termly-styles-module-secondary-dbc415{border-color:#00c999}.termly-styles-module-outline-af2c17.termly-styles-module-dangerous-ca78b3{border-color:#ed7474}.termly-styles-module-solid-f10ff4{border-width:1px;border-radius:3px;border-style:solid;color:#fff;padding:.625em 2em}.termly-styles-module-solid-f10ff4.termly-styles-module-primary-c2e506{border-color:#4672ff;background:#4672ff}.termly-styles-module-solid-f10ff4.termly-styles-module-secondary-dbc415{border-color:#00c999;background:#00c999}.termly-styles-module-solid-f10ff4.termly-styles-module-dangerous-ca78b3{border-color:#ed7474;background:#ed7474}.termly-styles-module-text-eeb886{border:none;background:rgba(0,0,0,0);padding:0}.termly-styles-module-root-fb0fcd{display:flex;font-family:Roboto,"Open Sans",Helvetica,Arial;gap:8px}.termly-styles-module-root-fb0fcd.termly-styles-module-disabled-c85e61{cursor:not-allowed;opacity:.5}.termly-styles-module-root-fb0fcd:not(.termly-styles-module-disabled-c85e61){cursor:pointer}.termly-styles-module-checkbox-c81b5f{width:18px;height:18px;border:1px solid #e1e3e6;border-radius:3px;background-image:linear-gradient(to top,#f2f4fb,#feffff);display:flex;flex:0 0 18px}.termly-styles-module-checkbox-c81b5f.termly-styles-module-checked-d34356{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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),linear-gradient(to top,#f2f4fb,#feffff);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center}.termly-styles-module-input-ccc581{display:none}.termly-styles-module-label-dfa1a4{display:flex;align-items:center}.termly-styles-module-root-c60f9c{border-radius:3px;border:1px solid #ced4da;color:#363840;font-size:inherit;line-height:1.429;padding:.714em 1.0714em}.termly-styles-module-root-d2a96c{height:100%}.termly-styles-module-spinner-d9d2d6{animation:2s linear infinite termly-styles-module-rotate-d0c2b2;z-index:2;position:relative;width:100%;height:100%;display:flex}.termly-styles-module-spinner-d9d2d6 .termly-styles-module-path-da4f9d{stroke:var(--loading-circle-color,hsl(210,70%,75%));stroke-linecap:round;animation:1.5s ease-in-out infinite termly-styles-module-dash-c05540}@keyframes termly-styles-module-rotate-d0c2b2{100%{transform:rotate(360deg)}}@keyframes termly-styles-module-dash-c05540{0%{stroke-dasharray:1,150;stroke-dashoffset:0}50%{stroke-dasharray:90,150;stroke-dashoffset:-35}100%{stroke-dasharray:90,150;stroke-dashoffset:-124}}.termly-styles-module-root-a6c3b2{display:flex;font-family:Roboto,"Open Sans",Helvetica,Arial;gap:5px}.termly-styles-module-root-a6c3b2.termly-styles-module-disabled-fda258{cursor:not-allowed}.termly-styles-module-root-a6c3b2:not(.termly-styles-module-disabled-fda258){cursor:pointer}.termly-styles-module-input-da74ea{display:none}.termly-styles-module-radio-a94319{width:15px;height:15px;border-radius:9px;border:1px solid #ced0da;background-image:linear-gradient(to top,#f2f4fb,#feffff);display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}.termly-styles-module-radio-a94319.termly-styles-module-checked-e5d8eb .termly-styles-module-radio__inner-d76ba3{width:7px;height:7px;border-radius:4px;background-color:#239eeb}.termly-styles-module-radio-a94319.termly-styles-module-disabled-fda258{opacity:.5}.termly-styles-module-root-a0ea7f{display:flex;flex-direction:row;font-size:1rem;font-family:Roboto,"Open Sans",Helvetica,Arial;background:#e6e7e8;height:100%;align-items:center;justify-content:center}.termly-styles-module-shadowBox-fff901{background:var(--termly-theme-background-color);border-radius:5px;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.3);box-shadow:0 0 15px rgba(0,0,0,.15);display:inline-flex;flex-direction:column;max-width:32em;min-width:min-content;padding:2em}.termly-styles-module-title-b31e43{color:var(--termly-theme-color);font-size:1.25em;font-weight:500;margin-bottom:.75em;line-height:1}.termly-styles-module-content-f5be7c{color:var(--termly-theme-color);font-size:var(--termly-theme-font-size);line-height:1.75}.termly-styles-module-buttons-e4250e{display:flex;justify-content:center;margin-top:1.25em;gap:.5em}.termly-styles-module-buttons-e4250e>*{font-weight:600;font-size:var(--termly-theme-font-size);width:100%}.termly-styles-module-buttons-e4250e .termly-styles-module-acceptButton-b04512{background:var(--termly-theme-button-background-color);border-color:var(--termly-theme-button-background-color)!important;color:var(--termly-theme-button-text-color)!important}.termly-styles-module-buttons-e4250e .termly-styles-module-prefsButton-c1a9b2{background:rgba(0,0,0,0);border-color:var(--termly-theme-color)!important;color:var(--termly-theme-color)!important}#rl-email-container{display:block;height:100%;left:0;position:fixed;top:0;width:100%;z-index:99998}#rl-email{background-color:#fff;border:30px solid #fff;border-radius:5px;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;margin:30px auto;position:relative;width:400px;z-index:99999}#rl-email .rl-email-company-name{font-size:12px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:5px;margin:0 0 1em;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase}#rl-email input,#rl-email textarea{color:#222;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:18px;padding:5px 5px 4px;line-height:normal;border-width:1px;border-color:gray}#rl-email textarea{height:3em;margin:0 0 1.5em 2px}#rl-email label{color:#444;display:block;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;text-align:left;width:100%;left:auto;position:static}#rl-email label.error .rl-email-required{color:#b94a48}#rl-email label.error input,#rl-email label.error textarea{background-color:#fff8e1}#rl-email label#rl-do-not-email-label{text-align:justify;font-size:12px;margin:-1.5em 0 1.5em 2px;clear:both}#rl-email .rl-email-required{color:#999;margin-left:.5em;font-weight:700;font-size:12px;text-transform:uppercase}#rl-email .rl-email-field{display:block;width:96%}#rl-email-container .rl-email-overlay-win{background-color:#000;height:100%;left:0;opacity:.8;position:absolute;top:0;width:100%;z-index:9998}@media only screen and (max-width:480px){#rl-email-container .rl-email-overlay-win{background-color:#fff;opacity:1}#rl-email{border:10px solid #fff;border-radius:0;left:0;margin-left:0;margin-top:0;top:0;width:90%}}button#rl-privacy-accept,button#rl-privacy-decline{background:#5688ea!important;position:absolute;line-height:1.1;margin:5px 10px;cursor:pointer;padding:8px 18px;border-radius:3px;border:1px solid #416dc4}button#rl-privacy-accept{right:10px;bottom:5px}button#rl-privacy-decline{left:10px;bottom:5px}@font-face{font-family:Poppins;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/poppins/v21/pxiEyp8kv8JHgFVrJJfecg.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+2000-206F,U+2074,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:Poppins;font-style:normal;font-weight:600;font-display:swap;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/poppins/v21/pxiByp8kv8JHgFVrLEj6Z1xlFQ.woff2) format('woff2');unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+2000-206F,U+2074,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}#menu-item-1085{--main-nav-primary-color:#f57e20;--main-nav-contrast-primary-color:#FFFFFF;border-bottom:5px solid #f57e20;margin-bottom:-5px}#menu-item-1087{--main-nav-primary-color:#dbb211;--main-nav-contrast-primary-color:#FFFFFF;border-bottom:5px solid #dbb211;margin-bottom:-5px}#menu-item-1090{--main-nav-primary-color:#658cae;--main-nav-contrast-primary-color:#FFFFFF;border-bottom:5px solid #658cae;margin-bottom:-5px}#menu-item-1086{--main-nav-primary-color:#799335;--main-nav-contrast-primary-color:#FFFFFF;border-bottom:5px solid #799335;margin-bottom:-5px}#menu-item-1088{--main-nav-primary-color:#19305e;--main-nav-contrast-primary-color:#FFFFFF;border-bottom:5px solid #19305e;margin-bottom:-5px}#text-html-widget-3,#text-html-widget-3 .post-meta,#text-html-widget-3 .widget-title .the-subtitle,#text-html-widget-3 .widget-title-icon{color:#fff}.mo_adjust_customize_button{display:flex;justify-content:center!important}.btn-social{position:relative;padding-left:44px;text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.btn-social>:first-child{position:absolute;left:5px;top:0;bottom:0;width:32px;line-height:34px;font-size:1.6em;text-align:center;border-right:1px solid rgba(22,22,22,.1)}.btn{display:inline-block;margin-bottom:0;font-size:14px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.42857143;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:middle;-ms-touch-action:manipulation;touch-action:manipulation;cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;background-image:none;border:1px solid transparent;border-radius:4px;text-decoration:none}.btn.active.focus,.btn.active:focus,.btn.focus,.btn:active.focus,.btn:active:focus,.btn:focus{outline:dotted thin;outline:-webkit-focus-ring-color auto 5px;outline-offset:-2px}.btn.focus,.btn:focus,.btn:hover{text-decoration:none}.btn.active,.btn:active{background-image:none;outline:0;-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.125);box-shadow:inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.125)}.btn.disabled,.btn[disabled],fieldset[disabled] .btn{pointer-events:none;cursor:not-allowed;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;opacity:.65}.btn-primary{color:#fff;background-color:#337ab7;border-color:#2e6da4}.btn-primary.active,.btn-primary.focus,.btn-primary:active,.btn-primary:focus,.btn-primary:hover{color:#fff;background-color:#286090;border-color:#204d74}.btn-primary.active,.btn-primary:active{background-image:none}.btn-primary.disabled,.btn-primary.disabled.active,.btn-primary.disabled.focus,.btn-primary.disabled:active,.btn-primary.disabled:focus,.btn-primary.disabled:hover,.btn-primary[disabled],.btn-primary[disabled].active,.btn-primary[disabled].focus,.btn-primary[disabled]:active,.btn-primary[disabled]:focus,.btn-primary[disabled]:hover,fieldset[disabled] .btn-primary,fieldset[disabled] .btn-primary.active,fieldset[disabled] .btn-primary.focus,fieldset[disabled] .btn-primary:active,fieldset[disabled] .btn-primary:focus,fieldset[disabled] .btn-primary:hover{background-color:#337ab7;border-color:#2e6da4}@font-face{font-display:swap;font-family:FontAwesome;src:url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/plugins/miniorange-oauth-oidc-single-sign-on/resources/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.eot?v=4.7.0');src:url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/plugins/miniorange-oauth-oidc-single-sign-on/resources/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.eot?#iefix&v=4.7.0') format('embedded-opentype'),url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/plugins/miniorange-oauth-oidc-single-sign-on/resources/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.woff2?v=4.7.0') format('woff2'),url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/plugins/miniorange-oauth-oidc-single-sign-on/resources/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.woff?v=4.7.0') format('woff'),url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/plugins/miniorange-oauth-oidc-single-sign-on/resources/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.ttf?v=4.7.0') format('truetype'),url('https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/plugins/miniorange-oauth-oidc-single-sign-on/resources/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.svg?v=4.7.0#fontawesomeregular') format('svg');font-weight:400;font-style:normal}.mofa{display:inline-block;font:14px/1 FontAwesome;font-size:inherit;text-rendering:auto;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}.fa-lock:before{content:"\f023"}.fa-unlock-alt:before{content:"\f13e"}.mo_oauth_login_button_font{vertical-align:8px;font-size:14px;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,'Noto Sans',Oxygen,Ubuntu,'Droid Sans','Helvetica Neue',sans-serif}.mo_oauth_btn_shadow{box-shadow:0 4px 8px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2),0 6px 20px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.19)}</style><link rel="preload" data-rocket-preload as="image" href="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/DIA.jpg" imagesrcset="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/DIA.jpg 1200w, https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/DIA-300x182.jpg 300w, https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/DIA-1024x621.jpg 1024w, https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/DIA-768x466.jpg 768w" imagesizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" fetchpriority="high"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Conspiracy-free tunnels at Denver International Airport completed - T&UC Magazine Online - Official Publication of UCA" /> <meta property="og:description" content="A 624-m (2,050-ft) by 3.3-m (11-ft) diameter tunnel — the largest and longest of the West Gates Pond Expansion project at Denver International Airport – was recently completed. The project runs beneath Runway 16L-34R and surrounding taxiways and contains six tunnels of various sizes, totaling 1,578 m (5,179 ft). Denver International Airport said the project …" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="T&UC Magazine Online - Official Publication of UCA" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/WeBuildBeneath/" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2024-09-19T17:13:35+00:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-09-19T17:13:39+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/DIA.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="728" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="author" content="gleason" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@WeBuildBeneath" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@WeBuildBeneath" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="gleason" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="1 minute" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/"},"author":[{"@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/#/schema/person/349d236a273ee6735a3393162e0bbc4f"}],"headline":"Conspiracy-free tunnels at Denver International Airport completed","datePublished":"2024-09-19T17:13:35+00:00","dateModified":"2024-09-19T17:13:39+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/"},"wordCount":236,"publisher":{"@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/DIA.jpg","articleSection":["Industry News","Water"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/","url":"https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/","name":"Conspiracy-free tunnels at Denver International Airport completed - T&UC Magazine Online - Official Publication of UCA","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/DIA.jpg","datePublished":"2024-09-19T17:13:35+00:00","dateModified":"2024-09-19T17:13:39+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/#primaryimage","url":"https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/DIA.jpg","contentUrl":"https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/DIA.jpg","width":1200,"height":728},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://tucmagazine.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Conspiracy-free tunnels at Denver International Airport completed"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/#website","url":"https://tucmagazine.org/","name":"T&UC Magazine","description":"Tunneling & Underground Construction Online","publisher":{"@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://tucmagazine.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/#organization","name":"T&UC Magazine","url":"https://tucmagazine.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/11/TUC_logoOrangeCircle222x.png","contentUrl":"https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/11/TUC_logoOrangeCircle222x.png","width":222,"height":138,"caption":"T&UC Magazine"},"image":{"@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/WeBuildBeneath/","https://x.com/WeBuildBeneath","https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/uca-of-sme","https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaf1OKTN9wSZpl6obavu6Kg","https://www.instagram.com/explore/tags/webuildbeneath/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/#/schema/person/349d236a273ee6735a3393162e0bbc4f","name":"gleason","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://tucmagazine.org/#/schema/person/image/2590b005a97d2653899691509b370f52","url":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ae105b1cb4b9c86177229fead711f5b6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ae105b1cb4b9c86177229fead711f5b6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"gleason"},"url":"https://tucmagazine.org/author/gleasonsmenet-org/"}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="T&UC Magazine Online - Official Publication of UCA » Feed" href="https://tucmagazine.org/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="T&UC Magazine Online - Official Publication of UCA » Comments Feed" href="https://tucmagazine.org/comments/feed/" /> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript"> try { if( 'undefined' != typeof localStorage ){ var tieSkin = localStorage.getItem('tie-skin'); } var html = document.getElementsByTagName('html')[0].classList, htmlSkin = 'light'; if( html.contains('dark-skin') ){ htmlSkin = 'dark'; } if( tieSkin != null && tieSkin != htmlSkin ){ html.add('tie-skin-inverted'); var tieSkinInverted = true; } if( tieSkin == 'dark' ){ html.add('dark-skin'); } else if( tieSkin == 'light' ){ html.remove( 'dark-skin' ); } } catch(e) { console.log( e ) } </script> <style type="text/css"></style> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <style id='wp-block-library-theme-inline-css' type='text/css'></style> <style id='safe-svg-svg-icon-style-inline-css' type='text/css'></style> <style id='co-authors-plus-coauthors-style-inline-css' type='text/css'></style> <style id='co-authors-plus-avatar-style-inline-css' type='text/css'></style> <style id='co-authors-plus-image-style-inline-css' type='text/css'></style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'></style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'></style> <style id='taqyeem-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'></style> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" data-rocket-src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" data-rocket-src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-minify="1" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" data-rocket-src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/cache/min/2/wp-content/plugins/hide-admin-bar-based-on-user-roles/public/js/hide-admin-bar-based-on-user-roles-public.js?ver=1727209721" id="hide-admin-bar-based-on-user-roles-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/4294" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://tucmagazine.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.7.1" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://tucmagazine.org/?p=4294' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftucmagazine.org%2Fconspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftucmagazine.org%2Fconspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed%2F&format=xml" /> <meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.140.0" /><noscript><style type="text/css">.mptt-shortcode-wrapper .mptt-shortcode-table:first-of-type{display:table!important}.mptt-shortcode-wrapper .mptt-shortcode-table .mptt-event-container:hover{height:auto!important;min-height:100%!important}body.mprm_ie_browser .mptt-shortcode-wrapper .mptt-event-container{height:auto!important}@media (max-width:767px){.mptt-shortcode-wrapper .mptt-shortcode-table:first-of-type{display:none!important}}</style></noscript> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type='text/javascript'> /* <![CDATA[ */ var taqyeem = {"ajaxurl":"https://tucmagazine.org/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php" , "your_rating":"Your Rating:"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-HN6P9D50N1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-HN6P9D50N1'); </script>  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MPCC4J45');</script>  <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-minify="1" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" data-rocket-src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/cache/min/2/capture_configs/56e/354/513/b3a47149e83e2a13ec7bbe2.js?ver=1727209721" async="async"></script> <link rel="icon" href="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/07/cropped-UCAfavicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/07/cropped-UCAfavicon-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/07/cropped-UCAfavicon-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/07/cropped-UCAfavicon-270x270.png" /> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"></style> <style id="rocket-lazyrender-inline-css">[data-wpr-lazyrender] {content-visibility: auto;}</style></head> <body id="tie-body" class="post-template-default single single-post postid-4294 single-format-standard tie-no-js wrapper-has-shadow block-head-1 magazine1 is-thumb-overlay-disabled is-desktop is-header-layout-3 has-header-ad sidebar-right has-sidebar post-layout-1 narrow-title-narrow-media is-standard-format has-mobile-share hide_share_post_top hide_share_post_bottom">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MPCC4J45" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-minify="1" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" data-rocket-src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/cache/min/2/embed.min.js?ver=1727209721" data-auto-block="on" data-website-uuid="c12abc82-e8ad-41f9-9a73-bb2002df14fb" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <div class="background-overlay"> <div id="tie-container" class="site tie-container"> <div id="tie-wrapper"> <header id="theme-header" class="theme-header header-layout-3 main-nav-dark main-nav-default-dark main-nav-below main-nav-boxed has-stream-item top-nav-active top-nav-light top-nav-default-light top-nav-above has-shadow has-normal-width-logo mobile-header-default"> <nav id="top-nav" class="has-date-breaking-components top-nav header-nav has-breaking-news" aria-label="Secondary Navigation"> <div class="container"> <div class="topbar-wrapper"> <div class="topbar-today-date"> Saturday, November 23 2024 </div> <div class="tie-alignleft"> <div class="breaking controls-is-active"> <span class="breaking-title"> <span class="tie-icon-bolt breaking-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="breaking-title-text">Breaking News</span> </span> <ul id="breaking-news-in-header" class="breaking-news" data-type="reveal" data-arrows="true"> <li class="news-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/the-moles-announce-2025-award-recipients/">The Moles announce 2025 award recipients</a> </li> <li class="news-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/terra-verde-awarded-1-7-billion-contract-for-suburban-rail-loop-line/">Terra Verde awarded $1.7 billion contract for Suburban Rail Loop Line</a> </li> <li class="news-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/important-tunnel-projects-identified-by-tunnel-watch-list-committee/">Important tunnel projects identified by Tunnel Watch List committee</a> </li> <li class="news-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/sound-transit-board-selects-project-to-be-built-for-wsle/">Sound Transit Board selects project to be built for WSLE </a> </li> <li class="news-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/frontier-kemper-awarded-1-1-billion-kensico-eastview-connection-tunnel-project/">Frontier-Kemper Awarded $1.1 Billion Kensico-Eastview Connection Tunnel Project</a> </li> <li class="news-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/ita-introduces-its-new-executive-director/">ITA introduces its new executive director</a> </li> <li class="news-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tunnel-enlargement-system-deployed-at-a-pair-of-tunnels/">Tunnel enlargement system deployed at a pair of tunnels</a> </li> <li class="news-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/twin-robbins-epbs-make-milestones-near-taj-mahal/">Twin Robbins EPBs make milestones near Taj Mahal</a> </li> <li class="news-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/water-reducing-and-conditioning-admixture-introduced-for-concrete-producers-and-contractors/">Water-reducing and conditioning admixture introduced for concrete producers and contractors</a> </li> <li class="news-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/cutting-edge-conference-to-focus-on-ai-and-workforce-in-november/">Cutting Edge Conference to focus on AI and workforce in November</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="tie-alignright"> <ul class="components"> <li class="social-icons-item"><a class="social-link facebook-social-icon" rel="external noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/WeBuildBeneath/"><span class="tie-social-icon tie-icon-facebook"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">Facebook</span></a></li><li class="social-icons-item"><a class="social-link twitter-social-icon" rel="external noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/WeBuildBeneath"><span class="tie-social-icon tie-icon-twitter"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">X</span></a></li><li class="social-icons-item"><a class="social-link linkedin-social-icon" rel="external noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/uca-of-sme"><span class="tie-social-icon tie-icon-linkedin"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">LinkedIn</span></a></li><li class="social-icons-item"><a class="social-link youtube-social-icon" rel="external noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaf1OKTN9wSZpl6obavu6Kg"><span class="tie-social-icon tie-icon-youtube"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">YouTube</span></a></li><li class="social-icons-item"><a class="social-link instagram-social-icon" rel="external noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.instagram.com/explore/tags/webuildbeneath/"><span class="tie-social-icon tie-icon-instagram"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">Instagram</span></a></li> <li class="has-title popup-login-icon menu-item custom-menu-link"> <a href="#" class="lgoin-btn tie-popup-trigger"> <span class="tie-icon-author" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="login-title">Log In</span> </a> </li> <li class="side-aside-nav-icon menu-item custom-menu-link"> <a href="#"> <span class="tie-icon-navicon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="screen-reader-text">Sidebar</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="container header-container"> <div class="tie-row logo-row"> <div class="logo-wrapper"> <div class="tie-col-md-4 logo-container clearfix"> <div id="mobile-header-components-area_1" class="mobile-header-components"><ul class="components"><li class="mobile-component_menu custom-menu-link"><a href="#" id="mobile-menu-icon" class=""><span class="tie-mobile-menu-icon nav-icon is-layout-3"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">Menu</span></a></li></ul></div> <div id="logo" class="image-logo" style="margin-top: 1px; margin-bottom: 2px;"> <a title="T&UC Magazine Online - Official Publication of UCA" href="https://tucmagazine.org/"> <picture id="tie-logo-default" class="tie-logo-default tie-logo-picture"> <source class="tie-logo-source-default tie-logo-source" srcset="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/TUC-Logo.svg"> <img class="tie-logo-img-default tie-logo-img" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/TUC-Logo.svg" alt="T&UC Magazine Online - Official Publication of UCA" width="157" height="102" style="max-height:102px; width: auto;" /> </picture> <picture id="tie-logo-inverted" class="tie-logo-inverted tie-logo-picture"> <source class="tie-logo-source-inverted tie-logo-source" id="tie-logo-inverted-source" srcset="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/TUC-Logo-Inverse.svg"> <img class="tie-logo-img-inverted tie-logo-img" loading="lazy" id="tie-logo-inverted-img" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/TUC-Logo-Inverse.svg" alt="T&UC Magazine Online - Official Publication of UCA" width="157" height="102" style="max-height:102px; width: auto;" /> </picture> </a> </div> <div id="mobile-header-components-area_2" class="mobile-header-components"><ul class="components"><li class="mobile-component_search custom-menu-link"> <a href="#" class="tie-search-trigger-mobile"> <span class="tie-icon-search tie-search-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for</span> </a> </li></ul></div> </div> </div> <div class="tie-col-md-8 stream-item stream-item-top-wrapper"><div class="stream-item-top"><div class="stream-item-size" style=""> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript">if (!window.AdButler){(function(){var s = document.createElement("script"); s.async = true; s.type = "text/javascript";s.src = 'https://servedbyadbutler.com/app.js';var n = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; n.parentNode.insertBefore(s, n);}());}</script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript"> var AdButler = AdButler || {}; AdButler.ads = AdButler.ads || []; var abkw = window.abkw || ''; var plc626529 = window.plc626529 || 0; document.write('<'+'div id="placement_626529_'+plc626529+'"></'+'div>'); AdButler.ads.push({handler: function(opt){ AdButler.register(183221, 626529, [728,90], 'placement_626529_'+opt.place, opt); }, opt: { place: plc626529++, keywords: abkw, domain: 'servedbyadbutler.com', click:'CLICK_MACRO_PLACEHOLDER' }}); </script> </div></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="main-nav-wrapper"> <nav id="main-nav" data-skin="search-in-main-nav" class="main-nav header-nav live-search-parent menu-style-default menu-style-solid-bg" aria-label="Primary Navigation"> <div class="container"> <div class="main-menu-wrapper"> <div id="menu-components-wrap"> <div class="main-menu main-menu-wrap"> <div id="main-nav-menu" class="main-menu header-menu"><ul id="menu-tuc-main-menu" class="menu"> <style></style><li id="menu-item-1085" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-1085"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/">Home</a></li> <style></style><li id="menu-item-1087" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor menu-item-1087 mega-menu mega-cat mega-menu-posts " data-id="2" ><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/projects/">Projects</a> <div class="mega-menu-block menu-sub-content" > <div class="mega-menu-content"> <div class="mega-cat-wrapper"> <ul class="mega-cat-sub-categories cats-vertical"> <li class="mega-all-link"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/projects/" class="is-active is-loaded mega-sub-cat" data-id="2">All</a></li> <li class="mega-sub-cat-254"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/projects/energy/" class="mega-sub-cat" data-id="254">Energy</a></li> <li class="mega-sub-cat-15"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/projects/transportation/" class="mega-sub-cat" data-id="15">Transportation</a></li> <li class="mega-sub-cat-9"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/projects/water/" class="mega-sub-cat" data-id="9">Water</a></li> </ul> <div class="mega-cat-content mega-cat-sub-exists vertical-posts"> <div class="mega-ajax-content mega-cat-posts-container clearfix"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <style></style><li id="menu-item-1090" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1090 mega-menu mega-cat mega-menu-posts " data-id="20" ><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/technology/">Technology</a> <div class="mega-menu-block menu-sub-content" > <div class="mega-menu-content"> <div class="mega-cat-wrapper"> <ul class="mega-cat-sub-categories cats-vertical"> <li class="mega-all-link"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/technology/" class="is-active is-loaded mega-sub-cat" data-id="20">All</a></li> <li class="mega-sub-cat-255"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/technology/digital/" class="mega-sub-cat" data-id="255">Digital</a></li> <li class="mega-sub-cat-26"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/technology/drillblast/" class="mega-sub-cat" data-id="26">Drill & Blast</a></li> <li class="mega-sub-cat-27"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/technology/emerging-tech/" class="mega-sub-cat" data-id="27">Emerging Tech</a></li> <li class="mega-sub-cat-25"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/technology/tunnel-boring/" class="mega-sub-cat" data-id="25">Tunnel Boring</a></li> </ul> <div class="mega-cat-content mega-cat-sub-exists vertical-posts"> <div class="mega-ajax-content mega-cat-posts-container clearfix"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <style></style><li id="menu-item-1086" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1086 mega-menu mega-cat mega-menu-posts " data-id="19" ><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/sustainability/">Sustainability</a> <div class="mega-menu-block menu-sub-content" > <div class="mega-menu-content"> <div class="mega-cat-wrapper"> <ul class="mega-cat-sub-categories cats-vertical"> <li class="mega-all-link"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/sustainability/" class="is-active is-loaded mega-sub-cat" data-id="19">All</a></li> <li class="mega-sub-cat-30"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/sustainability/education/" class="mega-sub-cat" data-id="30">Education</a></li> <li class="mega-sub-cat-29"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/sustainability/environmental/" class="mega-sub-cat" data-id="29">Environmental</a></li> <li class="mega-sub-cat-28"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/sustainability/workforce/" class="mega-sub-cat" data-id="28">Workforce</a></li> </ul> <div class="mega-cat-content mega-cat-sub-exists vertical-posts"> <div class="mega-ajax-content mega-cat-posts-container clearfix"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <style></style><li id="menu-item-1088" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1088 mega-menu mega-recent-featured mega-menu-posts " data-id="21" data-pagination="true" ><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/tunnel-demand-forecast/">Tunnel Demand Forecast</a> <div class="mega-menu-block menu-sub-content" > <div class="mega-menu-content"> <div class="mega-ajax-content"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li id="menu-item-3603" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3603"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/media-kit/">Advertise</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3772" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-3772 menu-item-has-icon"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/"> <span aria-hidden="true" class="tie-menu-icon fas fa-unlock-alt"></span>  Past Issues</a> <ul class="sub-menu menu-sub-content"> <li id="menu-item-3965" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3965"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2024-issues/">2024 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3966" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3966"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2023-issues/">2023 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3967" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3967"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2022-issues/">2022 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3968" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3968"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2021-issues/">2021 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3969" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3969"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2020-issues/">2020 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3970" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3970"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2019-issues/">2019 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3971" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3971"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2018-issues/">2018 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3972" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3972"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2017-issues/">2017 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3973" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3973"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2016-issues/">2016 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3974" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3974"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2015-issues/">2015 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3975" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3975"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2014-issues/">2014 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3976" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3976"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2013-issues/">2013 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3977" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3977"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2012-issues/">2012 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3978" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3978"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2011-issues/">2011 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3979" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3979"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2010-issues/">2010 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3980" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3980"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2009-issues/">2009 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3981" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3981"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2008-issues/">2008 Issues</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3982" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3982"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tuc-past-issues/2007-issues/">2007 Issues</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul></div> </div> <ul class="components"> <li class="skin-icon menu-item custom-menu-link"> <a href="#" class="change-skin" title="Switch skin"> <span class="tie-icon-moon change-skin-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="screen-reader-text">Switch skin</span> </a> </li> <li class="search-compact-icon menu-item custom-menu-link"> <a href="#" class="tie-search-trigger"> <span class="tie-icon-search tie-search-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript"> try{if("undefined"!=typeof localStorage){var header,mnIsDark=!1,tnIsDark=!1;(header=document.getElementById("theme-header"))&&((header=header.classList).contains("main-nav-default-dark")&&(mnIsDark=!0),header.contains("top-nav-default-dark")&&(tnIsDark=!0),"dark"==tieSkin?(header.add("main-nav-dark","top-nav-dark"),header.remove("main-nav-light","top-nav-light")):"light"==tieSkin&&(mnIsDark||(header.remove("main-nav-dark"),header.add("main-nav-light")),tnIsDark||(header.remove("top-nav-dark"),header.add("top-nav-light"))))}}catch(a){console.log(a)} </script> <div id="content" class="site-content container"><div id="main-content-row" class="tie-row main-content-row"> <div class="main-content tie-col-md-8 tie-col-xs-12" role="main"> <article id="the-post" class="container-wrapper post-content tie-standard"> <header class="entry-header-outer"> <nav id="breadcrumb"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/"><span class="tie-icon-home" aria-hidden="true"></span> Home</a><em class="delimiter">/</em><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/industry-news/">Industry News</a><em class="delimiter">/</em><span class="current">Conspiracy-free tunnels at Denver International Airport completed</span></nav><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"#Breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"name":"Home","@id":"https:\/\/tucmagazine.org\/"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"name":"Industry News","@id":"https:\/\/tucmagazine.org\/category\/industry-news\/"}}]}</script> <div class="entry-header"> <span class="post-cat-wrap"><a class="post-cat tie-cat-252" href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/industry-news/">Industry News</a><a class="post-cat tie-cat-9" href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/projects/water/">Water</a></span> <h1 class="post-title entry-title"> Conspiracy-free tunnels at Denver International Airport completed </h1> <div class="single-post-meta post-meta clearfix"><span class="date meta-item tie-icon">September 19, 2024</span><div class="tie-alignright"><span class="meta-views meta-item "><span class="tie-icon-fire" aria-hidden="true"></span> 54 </span><span class="meta-reading-time meta-item"><span class="tie-icon-bookmark" aria-hidden="true"></span> 1 minute read</span> </div></div> </div> </header> <div class="featured-area"><div class="featured-area-inner"><figure class="single-featured-image"><img width="1200" height="728" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/DIA.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-post-image" alt="" data-main-img="1" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/DIA.jpg 1200w, https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/DIA-300x182.jpg 300w, https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/DIA-1024x621.jpg 1024w, https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/DIA-768x466.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /></figure></div></div> <div class="entry-content entry clearfix"> <p>A 624-m (2,050-ft) by 3.3-m (11-ft) diameter tunnel — the largest and longest of the West Gates Pond Expansion project at Denver International Airport – was recently completed. The project runs beneath Runway 16L-34R and surrounding taxiways and contains six tunnels of various sizes, totaling 1,578 m (5,179 ft).</p> <p>Denver International Airport said the project is “a major upgrade to our aircraft deicing fluid collection system, allowing us to handle winter weather smoothly and sustainably. This includes adding new storage ponds and deicing pads and improving management of storm water and deicing fluid.”</p> <p>The airport also took time to acknowledge the many conspiracies around the airport’s underground tunnel system that have been popular since the airport was built in the 1990s. Airport spokesman Heath Montgomery told Denver television station <a href="https://kdvr.com/news/whats-actually-below-denver-international-airport/" data-type="link" data-id="https://kdvr.com/news/whats-actually-below-denver-international-airport/">KDVR</a> that “They (conspiracy theorists) think that we have an underground bunker and underground tunnels that go to NORAD and military installations. But if you look around it’s really just a lot of stuff to support the airport.”</p> <p>Of the West Gates Pond Expansion, DIA joked on X that it’s not a secret portal to the underworld, but that the tunnels will upgrade the aircraft deicing fluid collection system, helping the airport with winter weather.</p> <p>The airport said the construction would include new storage ponds and deicing pads that should improve the management of storm water and deicing fluid.</p> </div> <div id="post-extra-info"> <div class="theiaStickySidebar"> <div class="single-post-meta post-meta clearfix"><span class="date meta-item tie-icon">September 19, 2024</span><div class="tie-alignright"><span class="meta-views meta-item "><span class="tie-icon-fire" aria-hidden="true"></span> 54 </span><span class="meta-reading-time meta-item"><span class="tie-icon-bookmark" aria-hidden="true"></span> 1 minute read</span> </div></div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <script id="tie-schema-json" type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","dateCreated":"2024-09-19T11:13:35-06:00","datePublished":"2024-09-19T11:13:35-06:00","dateModified":"2024-09-19T11:13:39-06:00","headline":"Conspiracy-free tunnels at Denver International Airport completed","name":"Conspiracy-free tunnels at Denver International Airport completed","keywords":[],"url":"https:\/\/tucmagazine.org\/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed\/","description":"A 624-m (2,050-ft) by 3.3-m (11-ft) diameter tunnel \u2014 the largest and longest of the West Gates Pond Expansion project at Denver International Airport - was recently completed. The project runs beneat","copyrightYear":"2024","articleSection":"Industry News,Water","articleBody":"\nA 624-m (2,050-ft) by 3.3-m (11-ft) diameter tunnel \u2014 the largest and longest of the West Gates Pond Expansion project at Denver International Airport - was recently completed. The project runs beneath Runway 16L-34R and surrounding taxiways and contains six tunnels of various sizes, totaling 1,578 m (5,179 ft).\n\n\n\nDenver International Airport said the project is \u201ca major upgrade to our aircraft deicing fluid collection system, allowing us to handle winter weather smoothly and sustainably. This includes adding new storage ponds and deicing pads and improving management of storm water and deicing fluid.\u201d\n\n\n\nThe airport also took time to acknowledge the many conspiracies around the airport\u2019s underground tunnel system that have been popular since the airport was built in the 1990s. Airport spokesman Heath Montgomery told Denver television station KDVR that \u201cThey (conspiracy theorists) think that we have an underground bunker and underground tunnels that go to NORAD and military installations. But if you look around it\u2019s really just a lot of stuff to support the airport.\u201d\n\n\n\nOf the West Gates Pond Expansion, DIA joked on X that it\u2019s not a secret portal to the underworld, but that the tunnels will upgrade the aircraft deicing fluid collection system, helping the airport with winter weather.\n\n\n\nThe airport said the construction would include new storage ponds and deicing pads that should improve the management of storm water and deicing fluid.\n","publisher":{"@id":"#Publisher","@type":"Organization","name":"T&UC Magazine Online - Official Publication of UCA","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/tucmagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/TUC-Logo.svg"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/WeBuildBeneath\/","https:\/\/twitter.com\/WeBuildBeneath","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/showcase\/uca-of-sme","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCaf1OKTN9wSZpl6obavu6Kg","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/explore\/tags\/webuildbeneath\/"]},"sourceOrganization":{"@id":"#Publisher"},"copyrightHolder":{"@id":"#Publisher"},"mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/tucmagazine.org\/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed\/","breadcrumb":{"@id":"#Breadcrumb"}},"author":{"@type":"Person","name":"gleason","url":"https:\/\/tucmagazine.org\/author\/gleasonsmenet-org\/"},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/tucmagazine.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/09\/DIA.jpg","width":1200,"height":728}}</script> </article> <div class="stream-item stream-item-below-post"><div class="stream-item-size" style=""> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript">if (!window.AdButler){(function(){var s = document.createElement("script"); s.async = true; s.type = "text/javascript";s.src = 'https://servedbyadbutler.com/app.js';var n = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; n.parentNode.insertBefore(s, n);}());}</script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript"> var AdButler = AdButler || {}; AdButler.ads = AdButler.ads || []; var abkw = window.abkw || ''; var plc626568 = window.plc626568 || 0; document.write('<'+'div id="placement_626568_'+plc626568+'"></'+'div>'); AdButler.ads.push({handler: function(opt){ AdButler.register(183221, 626568, [728,90], 'placement_626568_'+opt.place, opt); }, opt: { place: plc626568++, keywords: abkw, domain: 'servedbyadbutler.com', click:'CLICK_MACRO_PLACEHOLDER' }}); </script></div></div> <div class="post-components"> <div class="prev-next-post-nav container-wrapper media-overlay"> <div class="tie-col-xs-6 prev-post"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/the-ita-tunnelling-awards-2024-finalists/" style="background-image: url(https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/09/ITA_Awards-390x220.jpg)" class="post-thumb" rel="prev"> <div class="post-thumb-overlay-wrap"> <div class="post-thumb-overlay"> <span class="tie-icon tie-media-icon"></span> <span class="screen-reader-text">The ITA Tunnelling Awards 2024 finalists</span> </div> </div> </a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/the-ita-tunnelling-awards-2024-finalists/" rel="prev"> <h3 class="post-title">The ITA Tunnelling Awards 2024 finalists</h3> </a> </div> <div class="tie-col-xs-6 next-post"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/gateway-development-commission-announces-execution-of-3-8-billion-federal-state-partnership-grant-for-hudson-tunnel-project/" style="background-image: url(https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/Gateway_Acoustic-corer-390x220.jpg)" class="post-thumb" rel="next"> <div class="post-thumb-overlay-wrap"> <div class="post-thumb-overlay"> <span class="tie-icon tie-media-icon"></span> <span class="screen-reader-text">Gateway Development Commission announces execution of $3.8 billion federal-state-partnership grant for Hudson Tunnel Project</span> </div> </div> </a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/gateway-development-commission-announces-execution-of-3-8-billion-federal-state-partnership-grant-for-hudson-tunnel-project/" rel="next"> <h3 class="post-title">Gateway Development Commission announces execution of $3.8 billion federal-state-partnership grant for Hudson Tunnel Project</h3> </a> </div> </div> <div id="related-posts" class="container-wrapper has-extra-post"> <div class="mag-box-title the-global-title"> <h3>Related Articles</h3> </div> <div class="related-posts-list"> <div class="related-item tie-standard"> <a aria-label="The Moles announce 2025 award recipients" href="https://tucmagazine.org/the-moles-announce-2025-award-recipients/" class="post-thumb"><img width="390" height="220" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/The-Moles-390x220.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-large size-jannah-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> <h3 class="post-title"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/the-moles-announce-2025-award-recipients/">The Moles announce 2025 award recipients</a></h3> <div class="post-meta clearfix"><span class="date meta-item tie-icon">2 weeks ago</span></div> </div> <div class="related-item tie-standard"> <a aria-label="Terra Verde awarded $1.7 billion contract for Suburban Rail Loop Line" href="https://tucmagazine.org/terra-verde-awarded-1-7-billion-contract-for-suburban-rail-loop-line/" class="post-thumb"><img width="390" height="220" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/SuburbanRailLoop-390x220.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-large size-jannah-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> <h3 class="post-title"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/terra-verde-awarded-1-7-billion-contract-for-suburban-rail-loop-line/">Terra Verde awarded $1.7 billion contract for Suburban Rail Loop Line</a></h3> <div class="post-meta clearfix"><span class="date meta-item tie-icon">2 weeks ago</span></div> </div> <div class="related-item tie-standard"> <a aria-label="Important tunnel projects identified by Tunnel Watch List committee" href="https://tucmagazine.org/important-tunnel-projects-identified-by-tunnel-watch-list-committee/" class="post-thumb"><img width="390" height="220" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/gatewaywp-390x220.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-large size-jannah-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> <h3 class="post-title"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/important-tunnel-projects-identified-by-tunnel-watch-list-committee/">Important tunnel projects identified by Tunnel Watch List committee</a></h3> <div class="post-meta clearfix"><span class="date meta-item tie-icon">3 weeks ago</span></div> </div> <div class="related-item tie-standard"> <a aria-label="Sound Transit Board selects project to be built for WSLE " href="https://tucmagazine.org/sound-transit-board-selects-project-to-be-built-for-wsle/" class="post-thumb"><img width="390" height="220" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/WestSeattle-390x220.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-large size-jannah-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> <h3 class="post-title"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/sound-transit-board-selects-project-to-be-built-for-wsle/">Sound Transit Board selects project to be built for WSLE </a></h3> <div class="post-meta clearfix"><span class="date meta-item tie-icon">4 weeks ago</span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="check-also-box" class="container-wrapper check-also-right"> <div class="widget-title the-global-title"> <div class="the-subtitle">Check Also</div> <a href="#" id="check-also-close" class="remove"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Close</span> </a> </div> <div class="widget posts-list-big-first has-first-big-post"> <ul class="posts-list-items"> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="Sound Transit Board selects project to be built for WSLE " href="https://tucmagazine.org/sound-transit-board-selects-project-to-be-built-for-wsle/" class="post-thumb"><span class="post-cat-wrap"><span class="post-cat tie-cat-252">Industry News</span></span><img width="390" height="220" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/WestSeattle-390x220.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-large size-jannah-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/sound-transit-board-selects-project-to-be-built-for-wsle/">Sound Transit Board selects project to be built for WSLE </a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">4 weeks ago</span> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <aside class="sidebar tie-col-md-4 tie-col-xs-12 normal-side is-sticky" aria-label="Primary Sidebar"> <div class="theiaStickySidebar"> <div id="widget_tabs-1" class="container-wrapper tabs-container-wrapper tabs-container-3"> <div class="widget tabs-widget"> <div class="widget-container"> <div class="tabs-widget"> <div class="tabs-wrapper"> <ul class="tabs"> <li><a href="#widget_tabs-1-popular">Popular</a></li><li><a href="#widget_tabs-1-recent">Recent</a></li> </ul> <div id="widget_tabs-1-popular" class="tab-content tab-content-popular"> <ul class="tab-content-elements"> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="Seventh tunnel boring machine for Brenner Base Tunnel delivered" href="https://tucmagazine.org/seventh-tunnel-boring-machine-for-brenner-base-tunnel-delivered/" class="post-thumb"><img width="220" height="150" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/03/HerrenknechtBrennerBase-220x150.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-small size-jannah-image-small tie-small-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/seventh-tunnel-boring-machine-for-brenner-base-tunnel-delivered/">Seventh tunnel boring machine for Brenner Base Tunnel delivered</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">March 8, 2024</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="Design and construction challenges for the Ellicott City North Tunnel" href="https://tucmagazine.org/design-and-construction-challenges-for-the-ellicott-city-north-tunnel/" class="post-thumb"><img width="220" height="150" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/06/20221201_FeaturedImage_design-and-construction-challenges-for-the-ellicott-city-north-tunnel-220x150.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-small size-jannah-image-small tie-small-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/design-and-construction-challenges-for-the-ellicott-city-north-tunnel/">Design and construction challenges for the Ellicott City North Tunnel</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">December 1, 2022</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="UCA to participate in annual Legislative Fly-In to Washington, DC" href="https://tucmagazine.org/uca-to-participate-in-annual-legislative-fly-in-to-washington-dc/" class="post-thumb"><img width="220" height="150" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/02/IMG_6891web2-220x150.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-small size-jannah-image-small tie-small-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/uca-to-participate-in-annual-legislative-fly-in-to-washington-dc/">UCA to participate in annual Legislative Fly-In to Washington, DC</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">February 7, 2024</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="September 2023 Tunnel Demand Forecast" href="https://tucmagazine.org/september-2023-tunnel-demand-forecast/" class="post-thumb"><img width="220" height="150" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/06/TDF-featured-220x150.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-small size-jannah-image-small tie-small-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/september-2023-tunnel-demand-forecast/">September 2023 Tunnel Demand Forecast</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">August 31, 2023</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="New UCA chair sees a bright future for underground construction industry" href="https://tucmagazine.org/new-uca-chair-sees-a-bright-future-for-underground-construction-industry/" class="post-thumb"><img width="220" height="150" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/07/Rispin_Mooney_2-220x150.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-small size-jannah-image-small tie-small-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/new-uca-chair-sees-a-bright-future-for-underground-construction-industry/">New UCA chair sees a bright future for underground construction industry</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">July 5, 2023</span> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="widget_tabs-1-recent" class="tab-content tab-content-recent"> <ul class="tab-content-elements"> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="The Moles announce 2025 award recipients" href="https://tucmagazine.org/the-moles-announce-2025-award-recipients/" class="post-thumb"><img width="220" height="150" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/The-Moles-220x150.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-small size-jannah-image-small tie-small-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/the-moles-announce-2025-award-recipients/">The Moles announce 2025 award recipients</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">2 weeks ago</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="Terra Verde awarded $1.7 billion contract for Suburban Rail Loop Line" href="https://tucmagazine.org/terra-verde-awarded-1-7-billion-contract-for-suburban-rail-loop-line/" class="post-thumb"><img width="220" height="150" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/11/SuburbanRailLoop-220x150.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-small size-jannah-image-small tie-small-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/terra-verde-awarded-1-7-billion-contract-for-suburban-rail-loop-line/">Terra Verde awarded $1.7 billion contract for Suburban Rail Loop Line</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">2 weeks ago</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="Important tunnel projects identified by Tunnel Watch List committee" href="https://tucmagazine.org/important-tunnel-projects-identified-by-tunnel-watch-list-committee/" class="post-thumb"><img width="220" height="150" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/gatewaywp-220x150.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-small size-jannah-image-small tie-small-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/important-tunnel-projects-identified-by-tunnel-watch-list-committee/">Important tunnel projects identified by Tunnel Watch List committee</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">3 weeks ago</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="Sound Transit Board selects project to be built for WSLE " href="https://tucmagazine.org/sound-transit-board-selects-project-to-be-built-for-wsle/" class="post-thumb"><img width="220" height="150" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/WestSeattle-220x150.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-small size-jannah-image-small tie-small-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/sound-transit-board-selects-project-to-be-built-for-wsle/">Sound Transit Board selects project to be built for WSLE </a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">4 weeks ago</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="Frontier-Kemper Awarded $1.1 Billion Kensico-Eastview Connection Tunnel Project" href="https://tucmagazine.org/frontier-kemper-awarded-1-1-billion-kensico-eastview-connection-tunnel-project/" class="post-thumb"><img width="220" height="150" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/tunelwp-220x150.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-small size-jannah-image-small tie-small-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/frontier-kemper-awarded-1-1-billion-kensico-eastview-connection-tunnel-project/">Frontier-Kemper Awarded $1.1 Billion Kensico-Eastview Connection Tunnel Project</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">4 weeks ago</span> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="stream-item-widget-1" class="widget stream-item-widget widget-content-only"><div class="stream-item-widget-content"> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript">if (!window.AdButler){(function(){var s = document.createElement("script"); s.async = true; s.type = "text/javascript";s.src = 'https://servedbyadbutler.com/app.js';var n = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; n.parentNode.insertBefore(s, n);}());}</script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript"> var AdButler = AdButler || {}; AdButler.ads = AdButler.ads || []; var abkw = window.abkw || ''; var plc626570 = window.plc626570 || 0; document.write('<'+'div id="placement_626570_'+plc626570+'"></'+'div>'); AdButler.ads.push({handler: function(opt){ AdButler.register(183221, 626570, [300,250], 'placement_626570_'+opt.place, opt); }, opt: { place: plc626570++, keywords: abkw, domain: 'servedbyadbutler.com', click:'CLICK_MACRO_PLACEHOLDER' }}); </script></div></div><div id="stream-item-widget-17" class="widget stream-item-widget widget-content-only"><div class="stream-item-widget-content"> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript">if (!window.AdButler){(function(){var s = document.createElement("script"); s.async = true; s.type = "text/javascript";s.src = 'https://servedbyadbutler.com/app.js';var n = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; n.parentNode.insertBefore(s, n);}());}</script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript"> var AdButler = AdButler || {}; AdButler.ads = AdButler.ads || []; var abkw = window.abkw || ''; var plc649772 = window.plc649772 || 0; document.write('<'+'div id="placement_649772_'+plc649772+'"></'+'div>'); AdButler.ads.push({handler: function(opt){ AdButler.register(183221, 649772, [300,250], 'placement_649772_'+opt.place, opt); }, opt: { place: plc649772++, keywords: abkw, domain: 'servedbyadbutler.com', click:'CLICK_MACRO_PLACEHOLDER' }}); </script></div></div><div id="posts-list-widget-3" class="container-wrapper widget posts-list"><div class="widget-title the-global-title"><div class="the-subtitle">Recent Tech News<span class="widget-title-icon tie-icon"></span></div></div><div class="widget-posts-list-wrapper"><div class="widget-posts-list-container posts-list-half-posts" ><ul class="posts-list-items widget-posts-wrapper"> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="Sound Transit Board selects project to be built for WSLE " href="https://tucmagazine.org/sound-transit-board-selects-project-to-be-built-for-wsle/" class="post-thumb"><img width="390" height="220" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/WestSeattle-390x220.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-large size-jannah-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/sound-transit-board-selects-project-to-be-built-for-wsle/">Sound Transit Board selects project to be built for WSLE </a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">4 weeks ago</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="Tunnel enlargement system deployed at a pair of tunnels" href="https://tucmagazine.org/tunnel-enlargement-system-deployed-at-a-pair-of-tunnels/" class="post-thumb"><img width="390" height="220" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/HerrenknechtTES-390x220.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-large size-jannah-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/HerrenknechtTES-390x220.jpg 390w, https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/HerrenknechtTES-300x169.jpg 300w, https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/HerrenknechtTES-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/HerrenknechtTES-768x432.jpg 768w, https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/HerrenknechtTES.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/tunnel-enlargement-system-deployed-at-a-pair-of-tunnels/">Tunnel enlargement system deployed at a pair of tunnels</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">October 15, 2024</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="Twin Robbins EPBs make milestones near Taj Mahal" href="https://tucmagazine.org/twin-robbins-epbs-make-milestones-near-taj-mahal/" class="post-thumb"><img width="390" height="220" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/RobbinsTajMahal-390x220.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-large size-jannah-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/twin-robbins-epbs-make-milestones-near-taj-mahal/">Twin Robbins EPBs make milestones near Taj Mahal</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">October 15, 2024</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="Water-reducing and conditioning admixture introduced for concrete producers and contractors" href="https://tucmagazine.org/water-reducing-and-conditioning-admixture-introduced-for-concrete-producers-and-contractors/" class="post-thumb"><img width="390" height="220" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/10/MasterBuilders-390x220.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-large size-jannah-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/water-reducing-and-conditioning-admixture-introduced-for-concrete-producers-and-contractors/">Water-reducing and conditioning admixture introduced for concrete producers and contractors</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">October 15, 2024</span> </div> </div> </li> </ul></div></div><div class="clearfix"></div></div> </div> </aside> </div></div><div class="stream-item stream-item-above-footer"><div class="stream-item-size" style=""> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript">if (!window.AdButler){(function(){var s = document.createElement("script"); s.async = true; s.type = "text/javascript";s.src = 'https://servedbyadbutler.com/app.js';var n = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; n.parentNode.insertBefore(s, n);}());}</script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript"> var AdButler = AdButler || {}; AdButler.ads = AdButler.ads || []; var abkw = window.abkw || ''; var plc626563 = window.plc626563 || 0; document.write('<'+'div id="placement_626563_'+plc626563+'"></'+'div>'); AdButler.ads.push({handler: function(opt){ AdButler.register(183221, 626563, [728,90], 'placement_626563_'+opt.place, opt); }, opt: { place: plc626563++, keywords: abkw, domain: 'servedbyadbutler.com', click:'CLICK_MACRO_PLACEHOLDER' }}); </script> </div></div> <footer id="footer" class="site-footer dark-skin dark-widgetized-area"> <div id="footer-widgets-container"> <div class="container"> <div class="footer-widget-area "> <div class="tie-row"> <div class="tie-col-sm-4 normal-side"> <div id="posts-list-widget-1" class="container-wrapper widget posts-list"><div class="widget-title the-global-title"><div class="the-subtitle">Most Viewed Posts<span class="widget-title-icon tie-icon"></span></div></div><div class="widget-posts-list-wrapper"><div class="widget-posts-list-container timeline-widget" ><ul class="posts-list-items widget-posts-wrapper"> <li class="widget-single-post-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/seventh-tunnel-boring-machine-for-brenner-base-tunnel-delivered/"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">March 8, 2024</span> <h3>Seventh tunnel boring machine for Brenner Base Tunnel delivered</h3> </a> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/design-and-construction-challenges-for-the-ellicott-city-north-tunnel/"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">December 1, 2022</span> <h3>Design and construction challenges for the Ellicott City North Tunnel</h3> </a> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/uca-to-participate-in-annual-legislative-fly-in-to-washington-dc/"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">February 7, 2024</span> <h3>UCA to participate in annual Legislative Fly-In to Washington, DC</h3> </a> </li> </ul></div></div><div class="clearfix"></div></div> </div> <div class="tie-col-sm-4 normal-side"> <div id="posts-list-widget-2" class="container-wrapper widget posts-list"><div class="widget-title the-global-title"><div class="the-subtitle">Recent Posts<span class="widget-title-icon tie-icon"></span></div></div><div class="widget-posts-list-wrapper"><div class="widget-posts-list-container timeline-widget" ><ul class="posts-list-items widget-posts-wrapper"> <li class="widget-single-post-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/the-moles-announce-2025-award-recipients/"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">2 weeks ago</span> <h3>The Moles announce 2025 award recipients</h3> </a> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/terra-verde-awarded-1-7-billion-contract-for-suburban-rail-loop-line/"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">2 weeks ago</span> <h3>Terra Verde awarded $1.7 billion contract for Suburban Rail Loop Line</h3> </a> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/important-tunnel-projects-identified-by-tunnel-watch-list-committee/"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">3 weeks ago</span> <h3>Important tunnel projects identified by Tunnel Watch List committee</h3> </a> </li> </ul></div></div><div class="clearfix"></div></div> </div> <div class="tie-col-sm-4 normal-side"> <div id="tag_cloud-1" class="container-wrapper widget widget_tag_cloud"><div class="widget-title the-global-title"><div class="the-subtitle">Tags<span class="widget-title-icon tie-icon"></span></div></div><div class="tagcloud"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/amtrak/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-36 tag-link-position-1" style="font-size: 8.56pt;" aria-label="Amtrak (9 items)">Amtrak</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/article/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-286 tag-link-position-2" style="font-size: 12.368pt;" aria-label="article (21 items)">article</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/australia/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-85 tag-link-position-3" style="font-size: 9.792pt;" aria-label="Australia (12 items)">Australia</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/equipment/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-92 tag-link-position-4" style="font-size: 8pt;" aria-label="Equipment (8 items)">Equipment</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/gateway-project/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-68 tag-link-position-5" style="font-size: 10.576pt;" aria-label="Gateway Project (14 items)">Gateway Project</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/herrenknecht/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-64 tag-link-position-6" style="font-size: 12.592pt;" aria-label="Herrenknecht (22 items)">Herrenknecht</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/hs2/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-57 tag-link-position-7" style="font-size: 8.56pt;" aria-label="HS2 (9 items)">HS2</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/industry-news/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-256 tag-link-position-8" style="font-size: 22pt;" aria-label="Industry News (157 items)">Industry News</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/london/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-60 tag-link-position-9" style="font-size: 10.24pt;" aria-label="London (13 items)">London</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/march-2023/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-258 tag-link-position-10" style="font-size: 8pt;" aria-label="March 2023 (8 items)">March 2023</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/new-york/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-39 tag-link-position-11" style="font-size: 9.456pt;" aria-label="New York (11 items)">New York</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/robbins/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-84 tag-link-position-12" style="font-size: 9.008pt;" aria-label="Robbins (10 items)">Robbins</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/september-2024/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-346 tag-link-position-13" style="font-size: 12.816pt;" aria-label="September 2024 (23 items)">September 2024</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/tunnel/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-117 tag-link-position-14" style="font-size: 18.528pt;" aria-label="Tunnel (76 items)">Tunnel</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/tunnel-boring-machine/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-48 tag-link-position-15" style="font-size: 16.176pt;" aria-label="Tunnel boring machine (47 items)">Tunnel boring machine</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/tunneling/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-38 tag-link-position-16" style="font-size: 21.664pt;" aria-label="Tunneling (147 items)">Tunneling</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/uca/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-111 tag-link-position-17" style="font-size: 8pt;" aria-label="UCA (8 items)">UCA</a> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/tag/underground/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-76 tag-link-position-18" style="font-size: 18.64pt;" aria-label="Underground (79 items)">Underground</a></div> <div class="clearfix"></div></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer-widget-area footer-boxed-widget-area"> <div class="tie-row"> <div class="tie-col-sm-4 normal-side"> <style scoped type="text/css"></style><div id="text-html-widget-3" class="container-wrapper widget text-html"><div ><img width="180" height="69" src="/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/06/uca2020-logo_uca-only_inv-300x115.webp" class="image wp-image-3088 attachment-189x69 size-189x69" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" style="max-width: 80%; height: auto;" srcset="/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/06/uca2020-logo_uca-only_inv-300x115.webp 300w, /wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/06/uca2020-logo_uca-only_inv-e1687469380760-150x57.webp 150w, /wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/06/uca2020-logo_uca-only_inv-e1687469380760.webp 186w" sizes="(max-width: 186px) 100vw, 186px" style="text-align: left;"> <p><br />UCA promotes the professional competency and good practices in all professions involved in all aspects of the development and use of underground space and related facilities.</p></div><div class="clearfix"></div></div> </div> <div class="tie-col-sm-4 normal-side"> <div id="author-bio-widget-2" class="container-wrapper widget aboutme-widget"><div class="widget-title the-global-title"><div class="the-subtitle">Reach Your Target Market<span class="widget-title-icon tie-icon"></span></div></div> <div class="about-author about-content-wrapper"> <div class="aboutme-widget-content">Advertising in T&UC or Mining Engineering online truly pays off, whether via print, digital, or both, is a great way to reach more than 14,000 UCA and SME members throughout the year. <br /><br /> <a href="/media-kit"><strong>Advertise With Us</strong></a> <br /><br /> <strong>Contact our Advertising Manager: </strong><br /> Lynne Hatten | 303-948-4243 | <a href="mailto:hatten@smenet.org?Subject=Advertising%20Inquiry%20TUC%20Online">hatten@smenet.org</a> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div></div> </div> <div class="tie-col-sm-4 normal-side"> <div id="stream-item-widget-3" class="container-wrapper widget stream-item-widget"><div class="stream-item-widget-content"><a href="https://onetunnel.org" target="_blank"><img class="widget-stream-image" src="/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/08/SME_OneTunnel_Drift_195x195.png" width="195" height="195" alt="OneTunnel"></a></div><div class="clearfix"></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="site-info" class="site-info"> <div class="container"> <div class="tie-row"> <div class="tie-col-md-12"> <div class="copyright-text copyright-text-first">© 2024 UCA All Rights Reserved. <a href="https://smenet.org/ucahome" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">UCA</a> is a member society of OneTunnel, the SME Foundation, and the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers (AIME).</div><div class="footer-menu"><ul id="menu-tielabs-secondry-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-1016" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor menu-item-1016"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/projects/">Projects</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1017" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1017"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/technology/">Technology</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3090" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-3090"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/sustainability/">Sustainability</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3091" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-3091"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/tunnel-demand-forecast/">Tunnel Demand Forecast</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3089" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-3089"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/category/client-provided-content/">Client Provided Content</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3602" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3602"><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/media-kit/">Advertise</a></li> </ul></div><ul class="social-icons"><li class="social-icons-item"><a class="social-link facebook-social-icon" rel="external noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/WeBuildBeneath/"><span class="tie-social-icon tie-icon-facebook"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">Facebook</span></a></li><li class="social-icons-item"><a class="social-link twitter-social-icon" rel="external noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/WeBuildBeneath"><span class="tie-social-icon tie-icon-twitter"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">X</span></a></li><li class="social-icons-item"><a class="social-link linkedin-social-icon" rel="external noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/uca-of-sme"><span class="tie-social-icon tie-icon-linkedin"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">LinkedIn</span></a></li><li class="social-icons-item"><a class="social-link youtube-social-icon" rel="external noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaf1OKTN9wSZpl6obavu6Kg"><span class="tie-social-icon tie-icon-youtube"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">YouTube</span></a></li><li class="social-icons-item"><a class="social-link instagram-social-icon" rel="external noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.instagram.com/explore/tags/webuildbeneath/"><span class="tie-social-icon tie-icon-instagram"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">Instagram</span></a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <div id="share-buttons-mobile" class="share-buttons share-buttons-mobile"> <div class="share-links icons-only"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/" rel="external noopener nofollow" title="Facebook" target="_blank" class="facebook-share-btn " data-raw="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u={post_link}"> <span class="share-btn-icon tie-icon-facebook"></span> <span class="screen-reader-text">Facebook</span> </a> <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Conspiracy-free%20tunnels%20at%20Denver%20International%20Airport%20completed&url=https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/&via=@WeBuildBeneath" rel="external noopener nofollow" title="X" target="_blank" class="twitter-share-btn " data-raw="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text={post_title}&url={post_link}&via=@WeBuildBeneath"> <span class="share-btn-icon tie-icon-twitter"></span> <span class="screen-reader-text">X</span> </a> <a href="https://api.whatsapp.com/send?text=Conspiracy-free%20tunnels%20at%20Denver%20International%20Airport%20completed%20https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/" rel="external noopener nofollow" title="WhatsApp" target="_blank" class="whatsapp-share-btn " data-raw="https://api.whatsapp.com/send?text={post_title}%20{post_link}"> <span class="share-btn-icon tie-icon-whatsapp"></span> <span class="screen-reader-text">WhatsApp</span> </a> <a href="https://telegram.me/share/url?url=https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/&text=Conspiracy-free%20tunnels%20at%20Denver%20International%20Airport%20completed" rel="external noopener nofollow" title="Telegram" target="_blank" class="telegram-share-btn " data-raw="https://telegram.me/share/url?url={post_link}&text={post_title}"> <span class="share-btn-icon tie-icon-paper-plane"></span> <span class="screen-reader-text">Telegram</span> </a> <a href="viber://forward?text=Conspiracy-free%20tunnels%20at%20Denver%20International%20Airport%20completed%20https://tucmagazine.org/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/" rel="external noopener nofollow" title="Viber" target="_blank" class="viber-share-btn " data-raw="viber://forward?text={post_title}%20{post_link}"> <span class="share-btn-icon tie-icon-phone"></span> <span class="screen-reader-text">Viber</span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="mobile-share-buttons-spacer"></div> <a id="go-to-top" class="go-to-top-button" href="#go-to-tie-body"> <span class="tie-icon-angle-up"></span> <span class="screen-reader-text">Back to top button</span> </a> </div> <aside class=" side-aside normal-side dark-skin dark-widgetized-area slide-sidebar-desktop appear-from-left" aria-label="Secondary Sidebar" style="visibility: hidden;"> <div data-height="100%" class="side-aside-wrapper has-custom-scroll"> <a href="#" class="close-side-aside remove big-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Close</span> </a> <div id="mobile-container"> <div id="mobile-search"> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://tucmagazine.org/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> </label> <input type="submit" class="search-submit" value="Search" /> </form> </div> <div id="mobile-menu" class="hide-menu-icons"> </div> <div id="mobile-social-icons" class="social-icons-widget solid-social-icons"> <ul><li class="social-icons-item"><a class="social-link facebook-social-icon" rel="external noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/WeBuildBeneath/"><span class="tie-social-icon tie-icon-facebook"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">Facebook</span></a></li><li class="social-icons-item"><a class="social-link twitter-social-icon" rel="external noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/WeBuildBeneath"><span class="tie-social-icon tie-icon-twitter"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">X</span></a></li><li class="social-icons-item"><a class="social-link linkedin-social-icon" rel="external noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/uca-of-sme"><span class="tie-social-icon tie-icon-linkedin"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">LinkedIn</span></a></li><li class="social-icons-item"><a class="social-link youtube-social-icon" rel="external noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaf1OKTN9wSZpl6obavu6Kg"><span class="tie-social-icon tie-icon-youtube"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">YouTube</span></a></li><li class="social-icons-item"><a class="social-link instagram-social-icon" rel="external noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.instagram.com/explore/tags/webuildbeneath/"><span class="tie-social-icon tie-icon-instagram"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">Instagram</span></a></li></ul> </div> </div> <div id="slide-sidebar-widgets"> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript"> function HandlePopupResult(result) { window.location.href = result; } function moOAuthLogin(app_name) { window.location.href = 'https://tucmagazine.org' + '/?option=generateDynmicUrl&app_name=' + app_name; } function moOAuthCommonLogin(app_name) { output = '<b>Please select your App/Group/Login Domain : </b><br><br><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/?option=oauthredirect&app_name=TUC">TUC</a>  ';document.write(output); } function moOAuthLoginNew(app_name, redirect_url = '') { var base_url = "https://tucmagazine.org"; var left = (screen.width-500) / 2; // to make pop window appear on center of screen var top = (screen.height-500) / 4; if(redirect_url != ''){ var myWindow = window.open( base_url + '/?option=oauthredirect&app_name=' + app_name + '&redirect_url=' + redirect_url, '', 'width=500,height=500, '+ 'top=' + top + ', left=' + left); } else{ var myWindow = window.open( base_url + '/?option=oauthredirect&app_name=' + app_name + '&redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Ftucmagazine.org%2Fconspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed%2F', '', 'width=500,height=500, '+ 'top=' + top + ', left=' + left); } } </script> <div id="mo_oauth_widget-3" class="container-wrapper widget widget_mo_oauth_widget"><a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="moOAuthCommonLogin('Login');" style="color:white; width:px !important;padding-top:px !important;padding-bottom:px !important;margin-bottom:px !important;border-radius:px !important;text-decoration:none !important" class="oauthloginbutton btn btn-social btn-primary"> <i style="padding-top:-6 px !important; width:15%" class="mofa fa-lock"></i> Login </a><div class="clearfix"></div></div><div id="posts-list-widget-4" class="container-wrapper widget posts-list"><div class="widget-title the-global-title"><div class="the-subtitle">Popular Posts<span class="widget-title-icon tie-icon"></span></div></div><div class="widget-posts-list-wrapper"><div class="widget-posts-list-container posts-list-big-first has-first-big-post" ><ul class="posts-list-items widget-posts-wrapper"> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="Seventh tunnel boring machine for Brenner Base Tunnel delivered" href="https://tucmagazine.org/seventh-tunnel-boring-machine-for-brenner-base-tunnel-delivered/" class="post-thumb"><span class="post-cat-wrap"><span class="post-cat tie-cat-252">Industry News</span></span><img width="390" height="220" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/03/HerrenknechtBrennerBase-390x220.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-large size-jannah-image-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/03/HerrenknechtBrennerBase-390x220.jpg 390w, https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/03/HerrenknechtBrennerBase-300x169.jpg 300w, https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/03/HerrenknechtBrennerBase-1024x575.jpg 1024w, https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/03/HerrenknechtBrennerBase-768x431.jpg 768w, https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/03/HerrenknechtBrennerBase.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/seventh-tunnel-boring-machine-for-brenner-base-tunnel-delivered/">Seventh tunnel boring machine for Brenner Base Tunnel delivered</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">March 8, 2024</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="Design and construction challenges for the Ellicott City North Tunnel" href="https://tucmagazine.org/design-and-construction-challenges-for-the-ellicott-city-north-tunnel/" class="post-thumb"><img width="220" height="150" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/06/20221201_FeaturedImage_design-and-construction-challenges-for-the-ellicott-city-north-tunnel-220x150.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-small size-jannah-image-small tie-small-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/design-and-construction-challenges-for-the-ellicott-city-north-tunnel/">Design and construction challenges for the Ellicott City North Tunnel</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">December 1, 2022</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="UCA to participate in annual Legislative Fly-In to Washington, DC" href="https://tucmagazine.org/uca-to-participate-in-annual-legislative-fly-in-to-washington-dc/" class="post-thumb"><img width="220" height="150" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/02/IMG_6891web2-220x150.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-small size-jannah-image-small tie-small-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/uca-to-participate-in-annual-legislative-fly-in-to-washington-dc/">UCA to participate in annual Legislative Fly-In to Washington, DC</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">February 7, 2024</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="September 2023 Tunnel Demand Forecast" href="https://tucmagazine.org/september-2023-tunnel-demand-forecast/" class="post-thumb"><img width="220" height="150" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/06/TDF-featured-220x150.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-small size-jannah-image-small tie-small-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/september-2023-tunnel-demand-forecast/">September 2023 Tunnel Demand Forecast</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">August 31, 2023</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item widget-post-list tie-standard"> <div class="post-widget-thumbnail"> <a aria-label="New UCA chair sees a bright future for underground construction industry" href="https://tucmagazine.org/new-uca-chair-sees-a-bright-future-for-underground-construction-industry/" class="post-thumb"><img width="220" height="150" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/07/Rispin_Mooney_2-220x150.jpg" class="attachment-jannah-image-small size-jannah-image-small tie-small-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <div class="post-widget-body "> <a class="post-title the-subtitle" href="https://tucmagazine.org/new-uca-chair-sees-a-bright-future-for-underground-construction-industry/">New UCA chair sees a bright future for underground construction industry</a> <div class="post-meta"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">July 5, 2023</span> </div> </div> </li> </ul></div></div><div class="clearfix"></div></div><div id="posts-list-widget-5" class="container-wrapper widget posts-list"><div class="widget-title the-global-title"><div class="the-subtitle">Most Commented<span class="widget-title-icon tie-icon"></span></div></div><div class="widget-posts-list-wrapper"><div class="widget-posts-list-container timeline-widget" ><ul class="posts-list-items widget-posts-wrapper"> <li class="widget-single-post-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/breakthrough-at-dc-waters-northeast-boundary-tunnel/"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">May 12, 2020</span> <h3>Breakthrough at DC Water’s Northeast Boundary Tunnel</h3> </a> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/atlas-copco-and-abb-collaborate-on-mobile-integration-system-for-underground-mines/"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">June 13, 2012</span> <h3>Atlas Copco and ABB collaborate on mobile integration system for underground mines</h3> </a> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/united-states-to-host-world-tunnelling-congress-in-2016/"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">June 5, 2013</span> <h3>United States to host World Tunnelling Congress in 2016</h3> </a> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/anglo-americans-grosvenor-project-launches-its-tunnel-boring-machine/"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">November 8, 2013</span> <h3>Anglo American’s Grosvenor project launches its tunnel boring machine</h3> </a> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/the-moles-announce-2025-award-recipients/"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">2 weeks ago</span> <h3>The Moles announce 2025 award recipients</h3> </a> </li> <li class="widget-single-post-item"> <a href="https://tucmagazine.org/hybrid-tunnel-boring-machine-takes-on-australian-decline-tunnel/"> <span class="date meta-item tie-icon">February 19, 2014</span> <h3>Hybrid tunnel boring machine takes on Australian decline tunnel</h3> </a> </li> </ul></div></div><div class="clearfix"></div></div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </div> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript"> function convert_to_url(obj) { return Object .keys(obj) .map(k => `${encodeURIComponent(k)}=${encodeURIComponent(obj[k])}`) .join('&'); } function pass_to_backend() { if(window.location.hash) { var hash = window.location.hash; var elements = {}; hash.split("#")[1].split("&").forEach(element => { var vars = element.split("="); elements[vars[0]] = vars[1]; }); if(("access_token" in elements) || ("id_token" in elements) || ("token" in elements)) { if(window.location.href.indexOf("?") !== -1) { window.location = (window.location.href.split("?")[0] + window.location.hash).split('#')[0] + "?" + convert_to_url(elements); } else { window.location = window.location.href.split('#')[0] + "?" + convert_to_url(elements); } } } } pass_to_backend(); </script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript">window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { jQuery(function ($) { $(".inputFocus").focus(function () { if ($(this).val() == $(this).attr('originalValue')) { $(this).val(''); } }); $(".inputFocus").focusout(function () { if ($(this).val() == '') { $(this).val($(this).attr('originalValue')); } }); }); });</script> <div id="reading-position-indicator"></div><div id="autocomplete-suggestions" class="autocomplete-suggestions"></div><div data-wpr-lazyrender="1" id="is-scroller-outer"><div id="is-scroller"></div></div><div data-wpr-lazyrender="1" id="fb-root"></div> <div id="tie-popup-search-desktop" class="tie-popup tie-popup-search-wrap" style="display: none;"> <a href="#" class="tie-btn-close remove big-btn light-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Close</span> </a> <div class="popup-search-wrap-inner"> <div class="live-search-parent pop-up-live-search" data-skin="live-search-popup" aria-label="Search"> <form method="get" class="tie-popup-search-form" action="https://tucmagazine.org/"> <input class="tie-popup-search-input is-ajax-search" inputmode="search" type="text" name="s" title="Search for" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Type and hit Enter" /> <button class="tie-popup-search-submit" type="submit"> <span class="tie-icon-search tie-search-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for</span> </button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div id="tie-popup-search-mobile" class="tie-popup tie-popup-search-wrap" style="display: none;"> <a href="#" class="tie-btn-close remove big-btn light-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Close</span> </a> <div class="popup-search-wrap-inner"> <div class="live-search-parent pop-up-live-search" data-skin="live-search-popup" aria-label="Search"> <form method="get" class="tie-popup-search-form" action="https://tucmagazine.org/"> <input class="tie-popup-search-input " inputmode="search" type="text" name="s" title="Search for" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Search for" /> <button class="tie-popup-search-submit" type="submit"> <span class="tie-icon-search tie-search-icon" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for</span> </button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div id="tie-popup-login" class="tie-popup" style="display: none;"> <a href="#" class="tie-btn-close remove big-btn light-btn"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Close</span> </a> <div class="tie-popup-container"> <div class="container-wrapper"> <div class="widget login-widget"> <div class="widget-title the-global-title"> <div class="the-subtitle">Log In <span class="widget-title-icon tie-icon"></span></div> </div> <div class="widget-container"> <div class="login-form"> <form name="registerform" action="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-login.php" method="post"> <input type="text" name="log" title="Username" placeholder="Username"> <div class="pass-container"> <input type="password" name="pwd" title="Password" placeholder="Password"> <a class="forget-text" href="https://society4mining.com/wp-login.php?action=lostpassword&redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Ftucmagazine.org">Forget?</a> </div> <input type="hidden" name="redirect_to" value="/conspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed/"/> <label for="rememberme" class="rememberme"> <input id="rememberme" name="rememberme" type="checkbox" checked="checked" value="forever" /> Remember me </label> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript"> function HandlePopupResult(result) { window.location.href = result; } function moOAuthLogin(app_name) { window.location.href = 'https://tucmagazine.org' + '/?option=generateDynmicUrl&app_name=' + app_name; } function moOAuthLoginNew(app_name) { var base_url = "https://tucmagazine.org"; var left = (screen.width-500) / 2; // to make pop window appear on center of screen var top = (screen.height-500) / 4; var myWindow = window.open( base_url + '/?option=oauthredirect&app_name=' + app_name, '', 'width=500,height=500, '+ 'top=' + top + ', left=' + left); } </script> <h4>Use Single Sign On</h4></br><div class="row"> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript"> function HandlePopupResult(result) { window.location.href = result; } function moOAuthLogin(app_name) { window.location.href = 'https://tucmagazine.org' + '/?option=generateDynmicUrl&app_name=' + app_name; } function moOAuthCommonLogin(app_name) { output = '<b>Please select your App/Group/Login Domain : </b><br><br><a href="https://tucmagazine.org/?option=oauthredirect&app_name=TUC">TUC</a>  ';document.write(output); } function moOAuthLoginNew(app_name, redirect_url = '') { var base_url = "https://tucmagazine.org"; var left = (screen.width-500) / 2; // to make pop window appear on center of screen var top = (screen.height-500) / 4; if(redirect_url != ''){ var myWindow = window.open( base_url + '/?option=oauthredirect&app_name=' + app_name + '&redirect_url=' + redirect_url, '', 'width=500,height=500, '+ 'top=' + top + ', left=' + left); } else{ var myWindow = window.open( base_url + '/?option=oauthredirect&app_name=' + app_name + '&redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Ftucmagazine.org%2Fconspiracy-free-tunnels-at-denver-international-airport-completed%2F', '', 'width=500,height=500, '+ 'top=' + top + ', left=' + left); } } </script> <div id="mo_justify_content"><div class="mo_adjust_customize_button" style="display:; flex-flow: row wrap;justify-content:initial"><div style="margin-bottom:0px"><a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="moOAuthLoginNew('TUC','');" style="text-decoration:none;box-sizing: initial"> <i style="margin:4px; height:20px;width:250px;padding:10px 8px 8px 20px;font-size: 18px;border-radius:4px;color:#FFFFFF; background:#ed781e" class="mofa fa-lock mo_oauth_btn_ mo_oauth_btn_shadow"><span class="mo_oauth_login_button_font" style="margin-left: 35.714285714286px">SME/UCA Member Login </span></i></a></div></div></div><style></style></div><br> <button type="submit" class="button fullwidth login-submit">Log In</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/plugins/sg-cachepress/assets/js/lazysizes.min.js?ver=7.7.1" id="siteground-optimizer-lazy-sizes-js-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" id="rocket-browser-checker-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ "use strict";var _createClass=function(){function defineProperties(target,props){for(var i=0;i<props.length;i++){var descriptor=props[i];descriptor.enumerable=descriptor.enumerable||!1,descriptor.configurable=!0,"value"in descriptor&&(descriptor.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(target,descriptor.key,descriptor)}}return function(Constructor,protoProps,staticProps){return protoProps&&defineProperties(Constructor.prototype,protoProps),staticProps&&defineProperties(Constructor,staticProps),Constructor}}();function _classCallCheck(instance,Constructor){if(!(instance instanceof Constructor))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}var RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker=function(){function RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker(options){_classCallCheck(this,RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker),this.passiveSupported=!1,this._checkPassiveOption(this),this.options=!!this.passiveSupported&&options}return _createClass(RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker,[{key:"_checkPassiveOption",value:function(self){try{var options={get passive(){return!(self.passiveSupported=!0)}};window.addEventListener("test",null,options),window.removeEventListener("test",null,options)}catch(err){self.passiveSupported=!1}}},{key:"initRequestIdleCallback",value:function(){!1 in window&&(window.requestIdleCallback=function(cb){var start=Date.now();return setTimeout(function(){cb({didTimeout:!1,timeRemaining:function(){return Math.max(0,50-(Date.now()-start))}})},1)}),!1 in window&&(window.cancelIdleCallback=function(id){return clearTimeout(id)})}},{key:"isDataSaverModeOn",value:function(){return"connection"in navigator&&!0===navigator.connection.saveData}},{key:"supportsLinkPrefetch",value:function(){var elem=document.createElement("link");return elem.relList&&elem.relList.supports&&elem.relList.supports("prefetch")&&window.IntersectionObserver&&"isIntersecting"in IntersectionObserverEntry.prototype}},{key:"isSlowConnection",value:function(){return"connection"in navigator&&"effectiveType"in navigator.connection&&("2g"===navigator.connection.effectiveType||"slow-2g"===navigator.connection.effectiveType)}}]),RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker}(); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="rocket-preload-links-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var RocketPreloadLinksConfig = {"excludeUris":"\/(?:.+\/)?feed(?:\/(?:.+\/?)?)?$|\/(?:.+\/)?embed\/|\/(index.php\/)?(.*)wp-json(\/.*|$)|\/refer\/|\/go\/|\/recommend\/|\/recommends\/","usesTrailingSlash":"1","imageExt":"jpg|jpeg|gif|png|tiff|bmp|webp|avif|pdf|doc|docx|xls|xlsx|php","fileExt":"jpg|jpeg|gif|png|tiff|bmp|webp|avif|pdf|doc|docx|xls|xlsx|php|html|htm","siteUrl":"https:\/\/tucmagazine.org","onHoverDelay":"100","rateThrottle":"3"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" id="rocket-preload-links-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ (function() { "use strict";var r="function"==typeof Symbol&&"symbol"==typeof Symbol.iterator?function(e){return typeof e}:function(e){return e&&"function"==typeof Symbol&&e.constructor===Symbol&&e!==Symbol.prototype?"symbol":typeof e},e=function(){function i(e,t){for(var n=0;n<t.length;n++){var i=t[n];i.enumerable=i.enumerable||!1,i.configurable=!0,"value"in i&&(i.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(e,i.key,i)}}return function(e,t,n){return t&&i(e.prototype,t),n&&i(e,n),e}}();function i(e,t){if(!(e instanceof t))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}var t=function(){function n(e,t){i(this,n),this.browser=e,this.config=t,this.options=this.browser.options,this.prefetched=new Set,this.eventTime=null,this.threshold=1111,this.numOnHover=0}return e(n,[{key:"init",value:function(){!this.browser.supportsLinkPrefetch()||this.browser.isDataSaverModeOn()||this.browser.isSlowConnection()||(this.regex={excludeUris:RegExp(this.config.excludeUris,"i"),images:RegExp(".("+this.config.imageExt+")$","i"),fileExt:RegExp(".("+this.config.fileExt+")$","i")},this._initListeners(this))}},{key:"_initListeners",value:function(e){-1<this.config.onHoverDelay&&document.addEventListener("mouseover",e.listener.bind(e),e.listenerOptions),document.addEventListener("mousedown",e.listener.bind(e),e.listenerOptions),document.addEventListener("touchstart",e.listener.bind(e),e.listenerOptions)}},{key:"listener",value:function(e){var t=e.target.closest("a"),n=this._prepareUrl(t);if(null!==n)switch(e.type){case"mousedown":case"touchstart":this._addPrefetchLink(n);break;case"mouseover":this._earlyPrefetch(t,n,"mouseout")}}},{key:"_earlyPrefetch",value:function(t,e,n){var i=this,r=setTimeout(function(){if(r=null,0===i.numOnHover)setTimeout(function(){return i.numOnHover=0},1e3);else if(i.numOnHover>i.config.rateThrottle)return;i.numOnHover++,i._addPrefetchLink(e)},this.config.onHoverDelay);t.addEventListener(n,function e(){t.removeEventListener(n,e,{passive:!0}),null!==r&&(clearTimeout(r),r=null)},{passive:!0})}},{key:"_addPrefetchLink",value:function(i){return this.prefetched.add(i.href),new Promise(function(e,t){var n=document.createElement("link");n.rel="prefetch",n.href=i.href,n.onload=e,n.onerror=t,document.head.appendChild(n)}).catch(function(){})}},{key:"_prepareUrl",value:function(e){if(null===e||"object"!==(void 0===e?"undefined":r(e))||!1 in e||-1===["http:","https:"].indexOf(e.protocol))return null;var t=e.href.substring(0,this.config.siteUrl.length),n=this._getPathname(e.href,t),i={original:e.href,protocol:e.protocol,origin:t,pathname:n,href:t+n};return this._isLinkOk(i)?i:null}},{key:"_getPathname",value:function(e,t){var n=t?e.substring(this.config.siteUrl.length):e;return n.startsWith("/")||(n="/"+n),this._shouldAddTrailingSlash(n)?n+"/":n}},{key:"_shouldAddTrailingSlash",value:function(e){return this.config.usesTrailingSlash&&!e.endsWith("/")&&!this.regex.fileExt.test(e)}},{key:"_isLinkOk",value:function(e){return null!==e&&"object"===(void 0===e?"undefined":r(e))&&(!this.prefetched.has(e.href)&&e.origin===this.config.siteUrl&&-1===e.href.indexOf("?")&&-1===e.href.indexOf("#")&&!this.regex.excludeUris.test(e.href)&&!this.regex.images.test(e.href))}}],[{key:"run",value:function(){"undefined"!=typeof RocketPreloadLinksConfig&&new n(new RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker({capture:!0,passive:!0}),RocketPreloadLinksConfig).init()}}]),n}();t.run(); }()); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="tie-scripts-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var tie = {"is_rtl":"","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/tucmagazine.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","is_side_aside_light":"","is_taqyeem_active":"1","is_sticky_video":"1","mobile_menu_top":"","mobile_menu_active":"area_1","mobile_menu_parent":"","lightbox_all":"true","lightbox_gallery":"true","lightbox_skin":"dark","lightbox_thumb":"horizontal","lightbox_arrows":"true","is_singular":"1","autoload_posts":"","reading_indicator":"true","lazyload":"","select_share":"","select_share_twitter":"","select_share_facebook":"","select_share_linkedin":"","select_share_email":"","facebook_app_id":"5303202981","twitter_username":"@WeBuildBeneath","responsive_tables":"true","ad_blocker_detector":"","sticky_behavior":"upwards","sticky_desktop":"true","sticky_mobile":"true","sticky_mobile_behavior":"default","ajax_loader":"<div class=\"loader-overlay\"><div class=\"spinner-circle\"><\/div><\/div>","type_to_search":"1","lang_no_results":"Nothing Found","sticky_share_mobile":"true","sticky_share_post":"","sticky_share_post_menu":""}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" data-rocket-src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/js/scripts.min.js?ver=7.2.0" id="tie-scripts-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" id="tie-scripts-js-after">window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { /* <![CDATA[ */ jQuery.ajax({ type : "GET", url : "https://tucmagazine.org/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php", data : "postviews_id=4294&action=tie_postviews", cache: !1, success: function( data ){ jQuery(".single-post-meta").find(".meta-views").html( data ); } }); /* ]]> */ });</script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-minify="1" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" data-rocket-src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/cache/min/2/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/ilightbox/lightbox.js?ver=1727209721" id="tie-js-ilightbox-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" data-rocket-src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/js/sliders.min.js?ver=7.2.0" id="tie-js-sliders-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-minify="1" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" data-rocket-src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/cache/min/2/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/js/shortcodes.js?ver=1727209721" id="tie-js-shortcodes-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" data-rocket-src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/js/desktop.min.js?ver=7.2.0" id="tie-js-desktop-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-minify="1" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" data-rocket-src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/cache/min/2/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/js/live-search.js?ver=1727209721" id="tie-js-livesearch-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" data-rocket-src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/js/single.min.js?ver=7.2.0" id="tie-js-single-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-minify="1" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" data-rocket-src="https://tucmagazine.org/wp-content/cache/min/2/wp-content/themes/jannah/assets/js/br-news.js?ver=1727209721" id="tie-js-breaking-js" data-rocket-defer defer></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript"> WebFontConfig ={ google:{ families: [ 'Poppins:600,regular:latin&display=swap' ] } }; (function(){ var wf = document.createElement('script'); wf.src = '//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/webfont/1/webfont.js'; wf.type = 'text/javascript'; wf.defer = 'true'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(wf, s); })(); </script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type='text/javascript'> !function(t){"use strict";t.loadCSS||(t.loadCSS=function(){});var e=loadCSS.relpreload={};if(e.support=function(){var e;try{e=t.document.createElement("link").relList.supports("preload")}catch(t){e=!1}return function(){return e}}(),e.bindMediaToggle=function(t){var e=t.media||"all";function a(){t.addEventListener?t.removeEventListener("load",a):t.attachEvent&&t.detachEvent("onload",a),t.setAttribute("onload",null),t.media=e}t.addEventListener?t.addEventListener("load",a):t.attachEvent&&t.attachEvent("onload",a),setTimeout(function(){t.rel="stylesheet",t.media="only x"}),setTimeout(a,3e3)},e.poly=function(){if(!e.support())for(var a=t.document.getElementsByTagName("link"),n=0;n<a.length;n++){var o=a[n];"preload"!==o.rel||"style"!==o.getAttribute("as")||o.getAttribute("data-loadcss")||(o.setAttribute("data-loadcss",!0),e.bindMediaToggle(o))}},!e.support()){e.poly();var a=t.setInterval(e.poly,500);t.addEventListener?t.addEventListener("load",function(){e.poly(),t.clearInterval(a)}):t.attachEvent&&t.attachEvent("onload",function(){e.poly(),t.clearInterval(a)})}"undefined"!=typeof exports?exports.loadCSS=loadCSS:t.loadCSS=loadCSS}("undefined"!=typeof global?global:this); </script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type='text/javascript'> var c = document.body.className; c = c.replace(/tie-no-js/, 'tie-js'); document.body.className = c; </script> </body> </html>