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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Protests </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Protests-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Protests subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Protests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kaliti_Prison" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaliti_Prison"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Kaliti Prison </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaliti_Prison-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Protest_spread_to_Amhara" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protest_spread_to_Amhara"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Protest spread to Amhara </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Protest_spread_to_Amhara-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reactions" 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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">2014–2016 Oromo protests</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" 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Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" > 13 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_2016" title="الاحتجاجات الإثيوبية 2016 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الاحتجاجات الإثيوبية 2016" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%BE%DB%8C_%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B1%DB%B6_%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="اتیوپی ۲۰۱۶ اعتیراضلاری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اتیوپی ۲۰۱۶ اعتیراضلاری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestas_en_Etiop%C3%ADa_de_2016" title="Protestas en Etiopía de 2016 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Protestas en Etiopía de 2016" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%AA_%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B1%DB%B6_%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%BE%DB%8C" title="اعتراضات ۲۰۱۶ اتیوپی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اعتراضات ۲۰۱۶ اتیوپی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifestations_en_%C3%89thiopie_en_2016" title="Manifestations en Éthiopie en 2016 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Manifestations en Éthiopie en 2016" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%91%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B5%D6%81%D5%A5%D6%80_%D4%B5%D5%A9%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%BA%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4_(2016)" title="Ցույցեր Եթովպիայում (2016) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ցույցեր Եթովպիայում (2016)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestos_na_Eti%C3%B3pia_em_2016" title="Protestos na Etiópia em 2016 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Protestos na Etiópia em 2016" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestele_din_Etiopia_din_2016" title="Protestele din Etiopia din 2016 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Protestele din Etiopia din 2016" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B8_(2016)" title="Протесты в Эфиопии (2016) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Протесты в Эфиопии (2016)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Etiyopya_protestolar%C4%B1" title="2016 Etiyopya protestoları – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="2016 Etiyopya protestoları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%95%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%97_(2016)" title="Протести в Ефіопії (2016) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Протести в Ефіопії (2016)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing: 2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">2014–2016 Oromo protests</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#eeeeee;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Oromo_conflict" title="Oromo conflict">Oromo conflict</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa; line-height: 1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/File:THE_PERAPLE_OF_WOLKAIT.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/THE_PERAPLE_OF_WOLKAIT.jpg/260px-THE_PERAPLE_OF_WOLKAIT.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/THE_PERAPLE_OF_WOLKAIT.jpg/390px-THE_PERAPLE_OF_WOLKAIT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/THE_PERAPLE_OF_WOLKAIT.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="360" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding:0.35em 0.35em 0.25em;line-height:1.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Wolqayt" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolqayt">Wolqayt</a> demonstration in 2016</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Date</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">25 April 2014<a href="#cite_note-hrw.org-1">[1]</a> – December 2016<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-dw.com-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-addisstandard.com-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ethiopia:_Lethal_Force_Against_Prot-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC1-6">[6]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="display:inline;" class="location"><a href="/wiki/Oromia_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Oromia Region">Oromia Region</a>, <a href="/wiki/Addis_Ababa" title="Addis Ababa">Addis Ababa</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC1-6">[6]</a> north-western, southern and eastern part of the regions <a href="#cite_note-BBC2-7">[7]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ambo,_Ethiopia" title="Ambo, Ethiopia">Ambo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dembi_Dolo" class="mw-redirect" title="Dembi Dolo">Dembi Dolo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nekemte" title="Nekemte">Nekemte</a><a href="#cite_note-Reuters1-8">[8]</a><a href="/wiki/Amhara_Region" title="Amhara Region">Amhara Region</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gondar" title="Gondar">Gondar</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC1-6">[6]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bahir_Dar" title="Bahir Dar">Bahir Dar</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC1-6">[6]</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Caused by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qeerroo" title="Qeerroo">Oromo youth</a> demonstrations started as a controversial <a href="/wiki/2014_Addis_Ababa_Master_Plan" title="2014 Addis Ababa Master Plan">2014 Addis Ababa Master Plan</a> to expand the capital into <a href="/wiki/Oromia_Special_Zone_Surrounding_Finfinne" title="Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne">Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne</a> destroys the territorial integrity of <a href="/wiki/Oromia_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Oromia Region">Oromia</a> by dividing it into two regions<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amhara_people" title="Amhara people">Amhara youth</a> protesting in solidarity with the <a href="/wiki/Oromo_people" title="Oromo people">Oromo people</a> and other <a href="/wiki/People_of_Ethiopia" class="mw-redirect" title="People of Ethiopia">Ethiopians</a> against the authoritarian rule of the <a href="/wiki/Tigray_People%27s_Liberation_Front" title="Tigray People's Liberation Front">Tigray People's Liberation Front</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></li> <li>Most extreme drought in 50 years followed by extreme flooding, both displacing parts of the population<a href="#cite_note-UNICEF-14">[14]</a></li> <li>While economic growth and industrialization takes place, the government disregards the rights and needs of the rural population, these are left behind<a href="#cite_note-forgotten-15">[15]</a></li> <li>Human rights abuses<a href="#cite_note-BBC1-6">[6]</a> (detention of opposition demonstrators)<a href="#cite_note-BBC1-6">[6]</a> <a href="/wiki/Oromia_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Oromia Region">Oromia Region</a><a href="#cite_note-Reuters1-8">[8]</a></li> <li>Previous annexation of <a href="/wiki/Wolqayt" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolqayt">Wolqayt</a> Tsegede in to the Tigray region.<a href="#cite_note-Reuters1-8">[8]</a></li> <li>Unfair distribution of wealth<a href="#cite_note-VOA1-16">[16]</a></li> <li>Political marginalization<a href="#cite_note-BBC1-6">[6]</a></li> <li>Land seizures by the Ethiopian government</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Goals</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"> <ul><li>Policy improvement in the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ethiopia" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of Ethiopia">constitution</a> surrounding <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Ethiopia" title="Human rights in Ethiopia">human rights</a> issue</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Methods</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protests" class="mw-redirect" title="Protests">Protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demonstration_(people)" class="mw-redirect" title="Demonstration (people)">Demonstrations</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Status</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"> <ul><li>A controversial Addis Ababa expansion plan sparked deadly violence in state of Oromia, which completely surrounding Addis Ababa was cancelled<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hailemariam_Desalegn" title="Hailemariam Desalegn">Prime Minister Hailemariam Desalegn</a> submitted <a href="/wiki/Resignation_of_Hailemariam_Desalegn" title="Resignation of Hailemariam Desalegn">his resignation</a> as Prime Minister of Ethiopia and EPRDF chairperson on 15 February 2018 in response to Oromo protests succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Abiy_Ahmed_Ali" class="mw-redirect" title="Abiy Ahmed Ali">Abiy Ahmed Ali</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></li> <li>Hundreds of killings and thousands of arrests in recent months by police<a href="#cite_note-BBC1-6">[6]</a></li> <li>At least 90 shot and killed by police (as of 8 August)<a href="#cite_note-Reuters2-19">[19]</a>– 500 (claimed by Human Rights Watch)<a href="#cite_note-IBTimes-20">[20]</a></li> <li>Thousands of protesters attacked and/or arrested by police</li> <li>Suspected jailbreak attempt at <a href="/wiki/Kaliti_Prison" title="Kaliti Prison">Kaliti Prison</a> resulting in at least 23 deaths</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irreechaa" title="Irreechaa">Irreechaa</a> Festival massacre resulting from police confrontation results in the deaths of 55–300 people<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></li> <li>Six-month <a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%932018_Ethiopian_state_of_emergency" title="2016–2018 Ethiopian state of emergency">state of emergency</a> declared on 9 October 2016<a href="#cite_note-IBTimes-20">[20]</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Parties</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><table style="width:100%; border-spacing:0; margin:0; text-align:left; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%;"><div> <a href="/wiki/Oromia_Region" title="Oromia Region"><img alt="Oromia Region" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Oromia_Region.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Oromia_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Oromia_Region.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Oromia_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Oromia_Region.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Oromia_Region.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> Oromo pro-democratic protesters</div></td> <td style="width:50%; padding-left:0.25em; border-left:1px dotted #aaa"><div> <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia"><img alt="Ethiopia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ethiopia" title="Government of Ethiopia">Government of Ethiopia</a></div></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Lead figures</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244901718">.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-columns-text-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns>div{box-sizing:border-box;width:50%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns-3>div{width:33.33%}.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns-4>div{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns>div:not(:first-child){border-left:1px dotted #aaa;padding-left:5px}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist infobox-columns infobox-columns-2 infobox-columns-text-left"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Jawar_Mohammed" title="Jawar Mohammed">Jawar Mohammed</a> </div> <div> Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Hailemariam_Desalegn" title="Hailemariam Desalegn">Hailemariam Desalegn</a> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Casualties</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Death(s)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">5,000+ (as of October 2016)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Detention_(imprisonment)" class="mw-redirect" title="Detention (imprisonment)">Detained</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">1,645<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:1px #aaa solid"><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-edition.cnn.com-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-aljazeera.com-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-Oromo_protests:_Ethiopia_unrest_res-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC_News-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-dw.com-3">[3]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> The 2014–2016 Oromo protests<a href="#cite_note-dw.com-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-edition.cnn.com-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-aljazeera.com-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-Oromo_protests:_Ethiopia_unrest_res-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC_News-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-addisstandard.com-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ethiopia:_Lethal_Force_Against_Prot-5">[5]</a> were a series of protests and resistance in <a href="/wiki/Oromia" title="Oromia">Oromia</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> which first sparked on 25 April 2014. The initial actions were taken in opposition to the <a href="/wiki/2014_Addis_Ababa_Master_Plan" title="2014 Addis Ababa Master Plan">Addis Ababa Master Plan</a>,<a href="#cite_note-hrw.org-1">[1]</a> and resumed on 12 November 2015 by university students and farmers in the town of Ginchi, located 80 km southwest of <a href="/wiki/Addis_Ababa" title="Addis Ababa">Addis Ababa</a>, encircled by <a href="/wiki/Oromia_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Oromia Region">Oromia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-dw.com-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-addisstandard.com-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ethiopia:_Lethal_Force_Against_Prot-5">[5]</a> The plan was to expand the capital into the <a href="/wiki/Oromia_Special_Zone_Surrounding_Finfinne" title="Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne">Oromia special zone</a>, leading to fears that native Oromo farmers would lose their land and be displaced. The plan was later dropped but protests continued, highlighting issues such as marginalization and human rights.<a href="#cite_note-BBC1-6">[6]</a> Mulatu Gemechu, deputy chairman of the opposition <a href="/wiki/Oromo_Federalist_Congress" title="Oromo Federalist Congress">Oromo Federalist Congress</a>, expressed to <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>: "so far, we have compiled a list of 33 protesters killed by armed security forces that included police and soldiers but I am very sure the list will grow".<a href="#cite_note-Reuters1-8">[8]</a> Protesters demanded social and political reforms, including an end to <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_abuses" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights abuses">human rights abuses</a> like government killings of civilians, mass arrests, government land seizures, and political <a href="/wiki/Marginalization" class="mw-redirect" title="Marginalization">marginalization</a> of opposition groups. The government responded by restricting access to the internet<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-ethiopia_grapples_2016_08_10_npr_org-32">[32]</a> and attacking as well as arresting protesters.<a href="#cite_note-ethiopia_grapples_2016_08_10_npr_org-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> In the three days leading up to 8 August 2016, Reuters reported that at least 90 protesters<a href="#cite_note-Reuters2-19">[19]</a> had been shot and killed by Ethiopian security forces, marking the most violent crackdown against protesters in sub-Saharan Africa since at least 75 people were killed during protests in <a href="/wiki/Oromia_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Oromia Region">Oromia Region</a> in November and December 2015.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a>, at least 500 people are estimated to have been killed as of October 2016.<a href="#cite_note-al-jazeera-3-oct-16-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-guardian-davison-38">[38]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background_and_causes">Background and causes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2014%E2%80%932016_Oromo_protests&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background and causes">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Power_struggle">Power struggle</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2014%E2%80%932016_Oromo_protests&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Power struggle">edit</a>]</div> In 1991, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (<a href="/wiki/EPRDF" class="mw-redirect" title="EPRDF">EPRDF</a>) captured the capital <a href="/wiki/Addis_Ababa" title="Addis Ababa">Addis Ababa</a> and ended the <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Civil_War" title="Ethiopian Civil War">Ethiopian Civil War</a>. The EPRDF was led by the <a href="/wiki/Tigray_People%27s_Liberation_Front" title="Tigray People's Liberation Front">Tigray People's Liberation Front</a> and was dominated by those belonging to the Tigray ethnic group, which is a minority group comprising only about six percent of the country's population. However, members of this ethnic group have traditionally dominated senior positions in the country's military and political system, while those belonging to the <a href="/wiki/Amhara_people" title="Amhara people">Amhara</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oromo_people" title="Oromo people">Oromo</a> ethnic groups, who comprise a majority of the population, have felt rather marginalized over the past few decades.<a href="#cite_note-ethiopia_grapples_2016_08_10_npr_org-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Ethnic divisions are not as sharp in Ethiopia as might be indicated by statistics; intermarriage is extremely commonplace, and the actual disparity and disaffection between groups are not great. Furthermore, following the death of <a href="/wiki/Meles_Zenawi" title="Meles Zenawi">Meles Zenawi</a> in 2012, the influence of the Tigray ethnic group became lower than in previous decades. Subsequent to his death neither of the two main political positions – President (head of state) and Prime Minister (head of government) – were occupied by a Tigrayan. Then-President <a href="/wiki/Mulatu_Teshome" title="Mulatu Teshome">Mulatu Teshome</a> belonged to the Oromo ethnic group and <a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Ethiopia" title="List of heads of government of Ethiopia">then-Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Hailemariam_Desalegn" title="Hailemariam Desalegn">Hailemariam Desalegn</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Welayta_people" title="Welayta people">Wolayta</a> ethnic group. Nevertheless, the perceived domination of the Tigray people had been in the back of the minds of some people and was a factor in the disturbances.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Addis_Ababa_Master_Plan">Addis Ababa Master Plan</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2014%E2%80%932016_Oromo_protests&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Addis Ababa Master Plan">edit</a>]</div> Protests were first sparked on 25 April 2014 against expansion of boundaries Addis Ababa city and government responded by shooting at and beating peaceful protesters<a href="#cite_note-hrw.org-1">[1]</a> and on 12 November 2015, university students in the town of Ginchi, 80 km southwest of Addis Ababa, engaged in full blown strikes and street protests.<a href="#cite_note-addisstandard.com-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ethiopia:_Lethal_Force_Against_Prot-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Protests spread throughout 400 different locales across 17 zones of Oromia region<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> according to Amnesty International 800 Oromo protesters killed since started<a href="#cite_note-dw.com-3">[3]</a> The 2016 Oromo youth demonstrations started because Addis Ababa's new city master plan proposed including farmlands from the surrounding Oromia region to cope with the city's rapid expansion. Amhara ethnic youth also followed the Oromos because of old bitterness towards the governing EPRDF (a party founded by the TPLF) who had instituted <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_federalism" title="Ethnic federalism">ethnic federalism</a> which they claim promoted ethnic hatred, <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_nationalism" title="Ethnic nationalism">ethnic nationalism</a>, and division in Ethiopia,<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> while some have argued that Amhara protestors had ulterior motives of anger towards the TPLF because they had abolished what some claim to be a century-old <a href="/wiki/Amhara_nationalism" title="Amhara nationalism">Amhara dominance</a> in Ethiopian governance.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> After deadly Oromo protests started since 25 April 2014, controversial master plan was cancelled on 12 January 2016 after 140 protesters were killed.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Drought_and_floods">Drought and floods</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2014%E2%80%932016_Oromo_protests&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Drought and floods">edit</a>]</div> In 2014, both rainy seasons in Ethiopia saw irregular rainfall. In 2015, due to an extremely strong <a href="/wiki/El_Ni%C3%B1o" class="mw-redirect" title="El Niño">El Niño</a> event, both rainy seasons in Ethiopia almost did not happen at all. That resulted in an acute drought in particular in the <a href="/wiki/Highlands_of_Ethiopia" class="mw-redirect" title="Highlands of Ethiopia">Highlands of Ethiopia</a>, crops and pastures dried up and herds were dying. It was considered to be the worst drought in 50 years.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> The drought did hit particularly hard in <a href="/wiki/Amhara_Region" title="Amhara Region">Amhara Region</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oromia_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Oromia Region">Oromia Region</a>.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> After 18 months of severe drought with almost nothing left over to eat for drought-affected people, very strong torrential rains that started in April 2016 did worsen the situation until October 2016. The flooding displaced people for months in exactly the same regions, that were most affected by the long drought.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> Ethiopia is a multi-ethnic state. <a href="/wiki/UNICEF" title="UNICEF">UNICEF</a> experience in Ethiopia has shown such droughts and floods often result in humanitarian shocks and tensions between ethnic groups.<a href="#cite_note-UNICEF-14">[14]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rural_discontent">Rural discontent</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2014%E2%80%932016_Oromo_protests&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Rural discontent">edit</a>]</div> The country has been experiencing rapid economic growth since the 2000s and is one of the world's <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_real_GDP_growth_rate" title="List of countries by real GDP growth rate">fastest-growing economies</a> and is Africa's second-most populous country.<a href="#cite_note-IFC-54">[54]</a> But while economic development and growth and industrialization are supported a lot by the authoritarian government, often the needs of the rural population remain unconsidered, the freedom and civil rights of farmers and pastoralists in particular are often neglected. They are left behind.<a href="#cite_note-forgotten-15">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Protests">Protests</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2014%E2%80%932016_Oromo_protests&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Protests">edit</a>]</div> The November and December 2015 protests in the <a href="/wiki/Oromia_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Oromia Region">Oromia Region</a> that resulted in the killings of over 100 people by government forces. The 2015 protests were later followed by a police crackdown and the arrests of hundreds of opposition members.<a href="#cite_note-HumanRightsWatch-55">[55]</a> According to diplomatic, NGO, and opposition sources, hundreds of thousands of people marched in more than 200 towns and cities in the vast <a href="/wiki/Oromia_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Oromia Region">Oromia State</a>,<a href="#cite_note-cnn-9-aug-16-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-guardian-reuters-57">[57]</a> in protest at "the government's draconian and ever-escalating repression".<a href="#cite_note-al-jazeera-22-nov-16-58">[58]</a> This resulted in at least 148 people being killed on 5 and 6 August.<a href="#cite_note-auto-59">[59]</a> On 2 October 2016, more protests occurred where an estimated two million people were attending the annual <a href="/wiki/Irreechaa" title="Irreechaa">Irreechaa</a> festival in <a href="/wiki/Bishoftu" title="Bishoftu">Bishoftu</a> in the Oromia region.<a href="#cite_note-al-jazeera-3-oct-16-37">[37]</a> The festival is attended by Oromos from all walks of life to celebrate life and nature. An anti-government protest disrupted the event, with some claiming they involved peacefully chanting slogans against the <a href="/wiki/Oromo_Peoples%27_Democratic_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Oromo Peoples' Democratic Organization">Oromo Peoples' Democratic Organization</a>,<a href="#cite_note-al-jazeera-3-oct-16-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc-3-oct-16-60">[60]</a> while others claim stones and bottles were thrown.<a href="#cite_note-bbc-3-oct-16-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-guardian-burke-61">[61]</a> People died in a <a href="/wiki/Human_stampede" class="mw-redirect" title="Human stampede">stampede</a> as a result of police using tear gas, rubber bullets and baton charges,<a href="#cite_note-al-jazeera-3-oct-16-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc-3-oct-16-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-guardian-burke-61">[61]</a> falling into a deep ditch and being crushed,<a href="#cite_note-guardian-burke-61">[61]</a> or drowning in a lake.<a href="#cite_note-guardian-davison-38">[38]</a> While the Oromia regional government confirmed the deaths of 52 people, rights groups, the opposition leader, and local reports claim various numbers up to nearly 300 people dead.<a href="#cite_note-al-jazeera-3-oct-16-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-guardian-davison-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-al-jazeera-22-nov-16-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc-3-oct-16-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-guardian-burke-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-reuters-maasho-62">[62]</a> On August 6, hundreds of protesters marched on <a href="/wiki/Meskel_Square" title="Meskel Square">Meskel Square</a> in <a href="/wiki/Addis_Ababa" title="Addis Ababa">Addis Ababa</a> and shouted "we want our freedom" and "free our political prisoners".<a href="#cite_note-auto-59">[59]</a> Dozens of protesters were arrested by Addis Ababa's police.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kaliti_Prison">Kaliti Prison</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2014%E2%80%932016_Oromo_protests&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Kaliti Prison">edit</a>]</div> 23 imprisoned Oromo protesters died in <a href="/wiki/Kaliti_Prison" title="Kaliti Prison">Kaliti Prison</a> after a fire broke out, wherein 21 died from carbon monoxide poisoning and 2 were killed by security force after an attempt to escape.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protest_spread_to_Amhara">Protest spread to Amhara</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2014%E2%80%932016_Oromo_protests&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Protest spread to Amhara">edit</a>]</div> Protests in the Oromia region spread to <a href="/wiki/Amhara_Region" title="Amhara Region">Amhara Region</a> in the summer of 2016.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> In July 2016, the Anti-terrorism task force detained members of the <a href="/wiki/Wolqayt" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolqayt">Wolqayt</a> <a href="/wiki/Amhara_Region" title="Amhara Region">Amhara</a> Identity Committee (WAIC), a legally registered organisation. Soon after, protests erupted in many areas of the <a href="/wiki/Amhara_Region" title="Amhara Region">Amhara Region</a>, the historic ethnic center of the Ethiopian state and home to the spectacular <a href="/wiki/Monolith" title="Monolith">monolithic</a> rock-cut churches of <a href="/wiki/Lalibela" title="Lalibela">Lalibela</a> and medieval castles of <a href="/wiki/Gondar" title="Gondar">Gondar</a> that attract tourists from all over.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> One of the biggest demonstrations took place was on August 1, 2016, in <a href="/wiki/Gondar" title="Gondar">Gondar</a> city. Hundreds of thousands of people held a peaceful demonstration over the arrest of the WAIC members, government repression and protest Federal government encroachment in regional affairs. Protesters carried placards expressing solidarity with the <a href="/wiki/Oromo_people" title="Oromo people">Oromo</a> people.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> As they marched, they were heard to be chanting in <a href="/wiki/Amharic" title="Amharic">Amharic</a> "በኦሮምያ የሚፈሰዉ ደም ደማችን ነዉ" <a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> which translates to “the pouring of blood in Oromia is our blood” <a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> and “the killings of our brothers in <a href="/wiki/Oromia" title="Oromia">Oromia</a> needs to stop”. They also drew attention to the dispute over the administration of <a href="/wiki/Wolqayt" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolqayt">Wolqayt</a> <a href="/wiki/Tsegede" title="Tsegede">Tsegede</a>. A region that is currently part of the <a href="/wiki/Tigray_Region" title="Tigray Region">Tigray</a> state despite its citizens identifying as ethnic <a href="/wiki/Amhara_people" title="Amhara people">Amhara</a>.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Further demonstrations soon followed in the <a href="/wiki/Amhara_Region" title="Amhara Region">Amhara Region</a>. Many protests spiraled into violence as security forces fired live bullets on protesters. On 5 August 2016, 50 student protesters were killed while protesting in the populous city of <a href="/wiki/Bahir_Dar" title="Bahir Dar">Bahir Dar</a>, the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Amhara_Region" title="Amhara Region">Amhara Region</a> and a major tourist destination. Evidence collected by Ethiopian Human Rights Project has so far shown that major protests took place in 6 of the 11 zones in the <a href="/wiki/Amhara_Region" title="Amhara Region">Amhara Region</a>. The zones included <a href="/wiki/North_Gondar_Zone" title="North Gondar Zone">North Gondar</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Gondar_Zone" title="South Gondar Zone">South Gondar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahir_Dar" title="Bahir Dar">Bahir Dar Special</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agew_Awi_Zone" title="Agew Awi Zone">Agew Awi</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Gojjam_Zone" title="East Gojjam Zone">East Gojam</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Gojjam_Zone" title="West Gojjam Zone">West Gojam</a> zones. Anti-government street demonstrations and "stay at home" protests took place in small <a href="/wiki/Wereda" class="mw-redirect" title="Wereda">wereda</a> towns and in some cases in rural <a href="/wiki/Kebeles" class="mw-redirect" title="Kebeles">kebeles</a> across the six zones. The protests that were ignited in the historic town of <a href="/wiki/Gondar" title="Gondar">Gondar</a>, quickly spread to <a href="/wiki/Debarq" title="Debarq">Debarq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Debre_Tabor" title="Debre Tabor">Debre Tabor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metema" class="mw-redirect" title="Metema">Metema</a>, Ambagiorgis, <a href="/wiki/Wereta" title="Wereta">Wereta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simada" title="Simada">Simada</a>, Gayint, <a href="/wiki/Bahir_Dar" title="Bahir Dar">Bahir Dar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finote_Selam" title="Finote Selam">Finote Selam</a>, Burre, Enjibara, <a href="/wiki/Dangila" title="Dangila">Dangila</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chagni" title="Chagni">Chagni</a>, Tilili, Birsheleqo, Quarit, <a href="/wiki/Dembecha" title="Dembecha">Dembecha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amanuel" title="Amanuel">Amanuel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Debre_Markos" title="Debre Markos">Debre Markos</a> and other towns.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] After the growing discontent in <a href="/wiki/Amhara_Region" title="Amhara Region">Amhara Region</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oromia_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Oromia Region">Oromia Region</a> the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Foreign_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli Foreign Ministry">Israeli Foreign Ministry</a> issued a travel warning on 1 September 2016. The <a href="/wiki/Amhara_Region" title="Amhara Region">Amhara Region</a> included in the warning includes the city of <a href="/wiki/Gondar" title="Gondar">Gondar</a>, a popular site for many Israeli tourists and an area where many Ethiopian Jews originated. The warning was announced a day after the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Ethiopia" title="Prime Minister of Ethiopia">Prime Minister of Ethiopia</a> <a href="/wiki/Hailemariam_Desalegn" title="Hailemariam Desalegn">Hailemariam Desalegn</a>'s announcement on the state owned media <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation">EBC</a> and gave direct order for the Ethiopia Army forces to use any force necessary to bring order to the region.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> The protesters continued and several flower farms were burned down in <a href="/wiki/Amhara_Region" title="Amhara Region">Amhara Region</a> and clashes between security forces and local protesters continued.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethiopian Government">Ethiopian Government</a> declared a state of emergency on 8 October 2016. On 16 October 2016, the government announced, restrictions and prohibitions on Internet usage, postings on Facebook, crossing the wrists above the head, diplomatic travel, fire arms and the viewing of media that the government deems to be “terrorist media”.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> There were also curfews in both regions from 18:00 to 06:00 to prevent further violence.<a href="#cite_note-reuters.com-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> The government crackdown was tough. Maina Kiai, a U.N. rights rapporteur, said "The scale of this violence and the shocking number of deaths make it clear that this is a calculated campaign to eliminate opposition movements and silence dissenting voices”.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> The Human Rights Watch estimated that at least 400 people were killed in protests over the next several months.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> As a continuation of the Amhara protest, two years later several protests were held in Northern <a href="/wiki/Wollo_Province" title="Wollo Province">Wollo</a> province. In January 2018, Ethiopian security forces killed seven people and wounded several others in the town of <a href="/wiki/Woldia" class="mw-redirect" title="Woldia">Woldia</a>, 500 km north of <a href="/wiki/Addis_Ababa" title="Addis Ababa">Addis Ababa</a> along the main road to <a href="/wiki/Mekele" class="mw-redirect" title="Mekele">Mekele</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nigussu_Tilahun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nigussu Tilahun (page does not exist)">Nigussu Tilahun</a>, the head of the Amhara region's communications bureau at the time, confirmed that deaths had occurred but did not say how many. A huge crowd of people were parading through the streets of the town for the annual <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timket_festival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timket festival (page does not exist)">Timket festival</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Orthodox_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethiopian Orthodox Christian">Ethiopian Orthodox Christian</a> celebration of <a href="/wiki/Epiphany_(holiday)" title="Epiphany (holiday)">Epiphany</a> when a group of young men protested because the federal police forces prohibited them from making round dancing and chanting. A witness said police had fired into the crowd and the crowd began running in all directions.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> The United Nations High Commission for Human Rights (<a href="/wiki/UNHRC" class="mw-redirect" title="UNHRC">UNHRC</a>) condemned the incident in <a href="/wiki/Woldia" class="mw-redirect" title="Woldia">Woldia</a>, stating that the incident “reportedly took place when the security forces tried to stop people from chanting anti-government songs and allegedly opened fire on them", and that "protesters reportedly later blocked roads and destroyed a number of properties.”<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> This comes just two weeks after Ethiopia's ruling coalition, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front, officially announced its intention to undertake reforms following protests that began in 2016.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Seven people have also been killed in the northern town of <a href="/wiki/Kobo,_Ethiopia" title="Kobo, Ethiopia">Kobo</a> after security forces fired on a crowd who were reportedly protesting the killings in Woldia. A ten-year-old boy and two members of the defence forces were among those killed. Many more were injured in the incident. Protesters gathered around the town's police station to condemn the security forces' brutality at a religious ceremony in Woldia their not being held accountable in a court of law.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> Later on, thousands demonstrated, opposing the killings of innocent people at <a href="/wiki/Timkat" title="Timkat">Timket festival</a> in Woldia and calling for an end to police beatings, with protests reported in <a href="/wiki/Habru" title="Habru">Habru</a> districts of <a href="/wiki/Mersa" title="Mersa">Mersa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robit" class="mw-redirect" title="Robit">Robit</a>, Gobiye, all of the towns crossed by the main all-weather road from Addis Ababa to <a href="/wiki/Mekele" class="mw-redirect" title="Mekele">Mekele</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Mersa" title="Mersa">Mersa</a>, around 10 people were shot dead.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reactions">Reactions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2014%E2%80%932016_Oromo_protests&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Reactions">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domestic">Domestic</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2014%E2%80%932016_Oromo_protests&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Domestic">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ethiopia" title="Government of Ethiopia">Ethiopian government</a> denied violence was being committed by the country's security forces, naming regional rivals Eritrea and Egypt as fomenting the ongoing unrest.<a href="#cite_note-IBTimes-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International">International</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2014%E2%80%932016_Oromo_protests&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: International">edit</a>]</div> The United States Embassy in Addis Ababa released a statement of concern.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> Legislation was authored by <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">US Congressman</a> <a href="/wiki/Chris_Smith_(New_Jersey_politician)" title="Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)">Chris Smith</a>, to protect civilians in Ethiopia as well as promote democracy and good governance. The legislation also "calls on the Secretary of State to improve the oversight and accountability of U.S. assistance in Ethiopia". Rep. Smith was joined by <a href="/wiki/U.S._Representative" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Representative">U.S. Representative</a> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Coffman" title="Mike Coffman">Mike Coffman</a> as well as victims of torture at the hands of the Ethiopian Government Seenaa Jimjimo, Tewondrose Tirfe and Guya Abaguya Deki, during a press conference to announce this legislation.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> In May 2017, <a href="/wiki/Prince_Zeid_bin_Ra%27ad" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Zeid bin Ra'ad">Prince Zeid bin Ra'ad</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" title="Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights">High Commissioner for Human Rights</a>, said he would open an investigation into the human rights abuses perpetrated during the protests.<a href="#cite_note-reutersmaasho-91">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2014%E2%80%932016_Oromo_protests&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_Addis_Ababa_Master_Plan" title="2014 Addis Ababa Master Plan">2014 Addis Ababa Master Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Ethiopia_uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="2015 Ethiopia uprising">2015 Ethiopia uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Ethiopia" title="Human rights in Ethiopia">Human rights in Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_protests_in_the_21st_century" title="List of protests in the 21st century">List of protests in the 21st century</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=2014%E2%80%932016_Oromo_protests&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-hrw.org-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hrw.org_1-0">a</a> <a 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oromo_people" title="Oromo people">Oromo people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oromo_migrations" class="mw-redirect" title="Oromo migrations">Oromo migrations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menelik%27s_Invasions" class="mw-redirect" title="Menelik's Invasions">Menelik's Invasions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecha_and_Tulama_Self-Help_Association" title="Mecha and Tulama Self-Help Association">Mecha and Tulama Self-Help Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bale_revolt" title="Bale revolt">Bale revolt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1973–2018</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tiro" title="Battle of Tiro">Battle of Tiro</a>, 1974</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbi_massacre" title="Turbi massacre">Turbi massacre</a>, 2005</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oromo protests</a>, 2014–2016</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/OLA_insurgency" title="OLA insurgency">OLA insurgency</a> (2018–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burayu_massacre" title="Burayu massacre">Burayu massacre</a>, 2018</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gawa_Qanqa_massacre" title="Gawa Qanqa massacre">Gawa Qanqa massacre</a>, 2020</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abo_church_massacre" title="Abo church massacre">Abo church massacre</a>, 2021</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Ataye_clashes" title="2021 Ataye clashes">Ataye clashes</a>, 2021 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shewa_Robit_ambulance_massacre" title="Shewa Robit ambulance massacre">Shewa Robit ambulance massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TDF%E2%80%93OLA_joint_offensive" title="TDF–OLA joint offensive">TDF–OLA joint offensive</a>, 2021</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimbi_massacre" title="Gimbi massacre">Gimbi massacre</a>, 2022</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_North_Shewa_clashes" title="2022 North Shewa clashes">North Shewa clashes</a>, 2022</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qelem_Wollega_massacre" title="Qelem Wollega massacre">Qelem Wollega massacre</a>, 2022</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_2019_Ethiopian_clashes" title="October 2019 Ethiopian clashes">October 2019 Ethiopian clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hachalu_Hundessa_riots" title="Hachalu Hundessa riots">Hachalu Hundessa riots</a>, 2020</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tigray_war" title="Tigray war">Tigray war</a>, 2020–2022</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Amhara" title="War in Amhara">War in Amhara</a>, 2023–present</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OLA_peace_process" title="OLA peace process">OLA peace process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oromia%E2%80%93Addis_Ababa_relations" title="Oromia–Addis Ababa relations">Oromia–Addis Ababa relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oromo_nationalism" title="Oromo nationalism">Oromo nationalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oromo_Liberation_Front" title="Oromo Liberation Front">Oromo Liberation Front</a> (1973–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oromo_Liberation_Army" title="Oromo Liberation Army">Oromo Liberation Army</a> (2018–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Oromia" title="Islamic Front for the Liberation of Oromia">Islamic Front for the Liberation of Oromia</a> (1985–1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Unity_Patriots_Front" title="Ethiopian Unity Patriots Front">Ethiopian Unity Patriots Front</a> (1998–2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Conflicts_in_the_Horn_of_Africa" title="Conflicts in the Horn of Africa">Conflicts in the Horn of Africa</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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