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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Supreme Order of Christ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suprem_Orde_de_Crist" title="Suprem Orde de Crist – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Suprem Orde de Crist" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nejvy%C5%A1%C5%A1%C3%AD_%C5%99%C3%A1d_Krist%C5%AFv" title="Nejvyšší řád Kristův – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nejvyšší řád Kristův" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christusorden_(Heiliger_Stuhl)" title="Christusorden (Heiliger Stuhl) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Christusorden (Heiliger Stuhl)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suprema_Orden_de_Cristo" title="Suprema Orden de Cristo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Suprema Orden de Cristo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordre_du_Christ_(Saint-Si%C3%A8ge)" title="Ordre du Christ (Saint-Siège) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ordre du Christ (Saint-Siège)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%EB%8F%84_%EC%B5%9C%EA%B3%A0%ED%9B%88%EC%9E%A5" title="그리스도 최고훈장 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="그리스도 최고훈장" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrhovni_orden_Krista" title="Vrhovni orden Krista – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vrhovni orden Krista" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordo_Utama_Kristus" title="Ordo Utama Kristus – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ordo Utama Kristus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordine_supremo_del_Cristo" title="Ordine supremo del Cristo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ordine supremo del Cristo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orde_van_Christus_(Heilige_Stoel)" title="Orde van Christus (Heilige Stoel) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Orde van Christus (Heilige Stoel)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristusordenen_(Vatikanet)" title="Kristusordenen (Vatikanet) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kristusordenen (Vatikanet)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_Najwy%C5%BCszy_Chrystusa" title="Order Najwyższy Chrystusa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Order Najwyższy Chrystusa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordem_Suprema_de_Cristo" title="Ordem Suprema de Cristo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ordem Suprema de Cristo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Верховный орден Христа – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Верховный орден Христа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristuksen_ylin_ritarikunta" title="Kristuksen ylin ritarikunta – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kristuksen ylin ritarikunta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Верховний орден 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searchaux" style="display:none">Order of the Holy See</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Portuguese branch of the order, see <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Christ_(Portugal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Christ (Portugal)">Order of Christ (Portugal)</a>. For the Brazilian branch of the order, see <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Christ_(Brazil)" title="Order of Christ (Brazil)">Order of Christ (Brazil)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%; background-color: #DAEFFF; text-align: center;">Supreme Order of Christ<br /><i>Ordine Supremo del Cristo</i> <br /></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ster_en_kleinood_van_de_Orde_van_Christus_(Heilige_Stoel).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Ster_en_kleinood_van_de_Orde_van_Christus_%28Heilige_Stoel%29.jpg/200px-Ster_en_kleinood_van_de_Orde_van_Christus_%28Heilige_Stoel%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="429" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Ster_en_kleinood_van_de_Orde_van_Christus_%28Heilige_Stoel%29.jpg/300px-Ster_en_kleinood_van_de_Orde_van_Christus_%28Heilige_Stoel%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Ster_en_kleinood_van_de_Orde_van_Christus_%28Heilige_Stoel%29.jpg/400px-Ster_en_kleinood_van_de_Orde_van_Christus_%28Heilige_Stoel%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="418" data-file-height="896" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Star and badge of the Order of Christ</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #DAEFFF">Awarded by the <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Papal_order_of_knighthood" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal order of knighthood">Papal order of knighthood</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1319</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Eligibility</th><td class="infobox-data">Catholic heads of state</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awarded for</th><td class="infobox-data">Services to the Church</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Dormant order</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Grand Master</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Grades</th><td class="infobox-data">Knight</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #DAEFFF">Precedence</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Next (higher)</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>None (highest); clerics, such as theologians, philosophers, or diplomats, can be named Cardinals or Bishops for meritorious services to the Pope and the Holy See, without being given an actual office</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Next (lower)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Golden_Spur" title="Order of the Golden Spur">Order of the Golden Spur</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ordine_Supremo_del_Cristo_Rib.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Ordine_Supremo_del_Cristo_Rib.png/85px-Ordine_Supremo_del_Cristo_Rib.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Ordine_Supremo_del_Cristo_Rib.png 1.5x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span><br />Ribbon bar of the order<br /><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The <b>Supreme Order of Christ</b> (<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Ordine Supremo del Cristo</i>) is the highest <a href="/wiki/Order_of_chivalry" title="Order of chivalry">order of chivalry</a> that can be awarded by the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a>. No appointments have been made since 1987 and following the death in 1993 of the last remaining knight, King <a href="/wiki/Baudouin_of_Belgium" title="Baudouin of Belgium">Baudouin of Belgium</a>, the order became dormant. </p><p>According to some scholars, it owes its origin to the same Order of Christ of the <a href="/wiki/Knights_Templar" title="Knights Templar">Knights Templar</a>, from which came the <a href="/wiki/Military_Order_of_Christ" title="Military Order of Christ">Order of Christ</a> that was awarded by the <a href="/wiki/Kings_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Kings of Portugal">kings of Portugal</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Emperors_of_Brazil" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperors of Brazil">emperors of Brazil</a>. The Portuguese order had originally both a secular and religious component; by the 18th century, the religious component had died out. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dispute">Dispute</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Order_of_Christ&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Dispute"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Order_of_Christ" title="History of the Order of Christ">History of the Order of Christ</a></div> <p>The papacy insisted that the right of the Portuguese monarchs to award the honour had been granted by a pope in the <a href="/wiki/Papal_Bull" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal Bull">Papal Bull</a> <i>Ad ea ex quibus</i> issued in <a href="/wiki/Avignon" title="Avignon">Avignon</a> on 14/15 March 1319. While the bull in itself does not explicitly grant to the pope the right to issue the order, successive popes since <a href="/wiki/John_XXII" class="mw-redirect" title="John XXII">John XXII</a> have done so. For many years, the Portuguese monarchy disputed the right of the papacy to award the order, and in one famous case arrested <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Niccol%C3%B2_Servandoni" title="Giovanni Niccolò Servandoni">Giovanni Niccolò Servandoni</a>, an Italian architect, for wearing the papal order. The position of the Crown of Portugal was that the only legitimate <a href="/wiki/Fount_of_honour" title="Fount of honour">fount of honour</a> was the Crown.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The position of the Catholic Church is that the pope is the head of every religious order and may appoint, at his discretion without the permission of its <a href="/wiki/Superior_general" class="mw-redirect" title="Superior general">superior general</a>, any individual he deems worthy.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Senior_papal_order">Senior papal order</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Order_of_Christ&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Senior papal order"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As part of the general re-organisation of papal honours in 1905 by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_X" title="Pope Pius X">Pope Pius X</a>, the papal Order of Christ was made the most senior papal honour. It was traditionally awarded to Catholic <a href="/wiki/Heads_of_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Heads of state">heads of state</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Restriction">Restriction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Order_of_Christ&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Restriction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The usage of the order was restricted by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a> in his 15 April 1966 Papal Bull <i>Equestres Ordinis</i> to Catholic heads of state to whom it might be given only to commemorate very special occasions at which the pope himself was present. It has rarely been awarded since; the last award was made by <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> on 3 July 1987 to <a href="/wiki/Angelo_de_Mojana_di_Cologna" title="Angelo de Mojana di Cologna">Frà Angelo de Mojana</a>, 77th prince and grand master of the <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" title="Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the death of King <a href="/wiki/Baudouin_of_Belgium" title="Baudouin of Belgium">Baudouin of Belgium</a> on 31 July 1993, there are no living members of the Order of Christ. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_heraldry" title="Ecclesiastical heraldry">ecclesiastical heraldry</a>, individuals awarded this order may depict a <a href="/wiki/Collar_(order)" title="Collar (order)">collar</a> completely encircling the shield on their <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_members">Notable members</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Order_of_Christ&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notable members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;column-gap: 4em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Ferdinand,_Duke_of_Anhalt-K%C3%B6then" title="Frederick Ferdinand, Duke of Anhalt-Köthen">Frederick Ferdinand, Duke of Anhalt-Köthen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Adolf_of_Auersperg" title="Prince Adolf of Auersperg">Prince Adolf of Auersperg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Baglione" title="Giovanni Baglione">Giovanni Baglione</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baudouin_of_Belgium" title="Baudouin of Belgium">Baudouin of Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_von_Benedek" title="Ludwig von Benedek">Ludwig von Benedek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">Otto von Bismarck</a> (only <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> recipient)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Borromini" title="Francesco Borromini">Francesco Borromini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Frederic_Brady" title="Nicholas Frederic Brady">Nicholas Frederic Brady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III,_Prince_of_Monaco" title="Charles III, Prince of Monaco">Charles III, Prince of Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludovico_Chigi_Albani_della_Rovere" title="Ludovico Chigi Albani della Rovere">Ludovico Chigi Albani della Rovere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcantonio_V_Colonna" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcantonio V Colonna">Marcantonio V Colonna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Coty" title="René Coty">René Coty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Einaudi" title="Luigi Einaudi">Luigi Einaudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Eugen_of_Austria" title="Archduke Eugen of Austria">Archduke Eugen of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Felix_of_Bourbon-Parma" title="Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma">Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Franz_Ferdinand_of_Austria" title="Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria">Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinando_Fuga" title="Ferdinando Fuga">Ferdinando Fuga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_von_F%C3%BCrstenberg" title="Maximilian von Fürstenberg">Maximilian von Fürstenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Groizard_y_G%C3%B3mez_de_la_Serna" title="Alejandro Groizard y Gómez de la Serna">Alejandro Groizard y Gómez de la Serna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Henry_of_Prussia_(1862%E2%80%931929)" title="Prince Henry of Prussia (1862–1929)">Prince Henry of Prussia (1862–1929)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_He%C3%9F" title="Heinrich von Heß">Heinrich von Heß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_II_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Isabella II of Spain">Isabella II of Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_of_Hohenlohe-Schillingsf%C3%BCrst" class="mw-redirect" title="Konstantin of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst">Konstantin of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Lanfranco" title="Giovanni Lanfranco">Giovanni Lanfranco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Lebrun" title="Albert Lebrun">Albert Lebrun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_von_Lo%C3%AB" title="Walter von Loë">Walter von Loë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudio_L%C3%B3pez,_2nd_Marquess_of_Comillas" title="Claudio López, 2nd Marquess of Comillas">Claudio López, 2nd Marquess of Comillas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Miklas" title="Wilhelm Miklas">Wilhelm Miklas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Karl_Lamoral_O%27Donnell" title="Maximilian Karl Lamoral O'Donnell">Maximilian Karl Lamoral O'Donnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Francisco Franco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_de_Mojana_di_Cologna" title="Angelo de Mojana di Cologna">Angelo de Mojana di Cologna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Robinson,_1st_Marquess_of_Ripon" title="George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon">George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Ruspoli,_7th_Prince_of_Cerveteri" title="Alessandro Ruspoli, 7th Prince of Cerveteri">Alessandro Ruspoli, 7th Prince of Cerveteri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Segni" title="Antonio Segni">Antonio Segni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_van_Spoelberch" title="Ferdinand van Spoelberch">Ferdinand van Spoelberch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massimo_Stanzione" title="Massimo Stanzione">Massimo Stanzione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umberto_II_of_Italy" title="Umberto II of Italy">Umberto II of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Aguilar_y_Correa,_Marquis_of_Vega_de_Armijo" title="Antonio Aguilar y Correa, Marquis of Vega de Armijo">Antonio Aguilar y Correa, Marquis of Vega de Armijo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Anton_von_Verschaffelt" title="Peter Anton von Verschaffelt">Peter Anton von Verschaffelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_III_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Victor Emmanuel III of Italy">Victor Emmanuel III of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89amon_de_Valera" title="Éamon de Valera">Éamon de Valera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Waterton" title="Edmund Waterton">Edmund Waterton</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Order_of_Christ&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Christ_(Brazil)" title="Order of Christ (Brazil)">Order of Christ (Brazil)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Christ_(Portugal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Christ (Portugal)">Order of Christ (Portugal)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Order_of_Christ&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080506100231/http://jvarnoso.com/orders/christ2.html">José Vicente de Bragança, The Military Order of Christ and the Papal Croce di Cristo</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMacErlean1912" class="citation book cs1">MacErlean, Andrew Alphonsus (1912). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vrRAAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Order+of+St.+Gregory+the+Great.%22%22&pg=PA667"><i>The Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church, Volume 4</i></a>. Robert Appleton Co. pp. 667–668.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Catholic+Encyclopedia%3A+An+International+Work+of+Reference+on+the+Constitution%2C+Doctrine%2C+Discipline%2C+and+History+of+the+Catholic+Church%2C+Volume+4&rft.pages=667-668&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Co&rft.date=1912&rft.aulast=MacErlean&rft.aufirst=Andrew+Alphonsus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvrRAAQAAIAAJ%26q%3D%2522Order%2Bof%2BSt.%2BGregory%2Bthe%2BGreat.%2522%2522%26pg%3DPA667&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASupreme+Order+of+Christ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-79-1987-ocr.pdf">"Diarium Romanae Curiae"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Apostolicae_Sedis" title="Acta Apostolicae Sedis">Acta Apostolicae Sedis</a></i>. Vol. 79. Vatican. 1987-08-06. p. 1133.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Apostolicae+Sedis&rft.atitle=Diarium+Romanae+Curiae&rft.volume=79&rft.pages=1133&rft.date=1987-08-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Farchive%2Faas%2Fdocuments%2FAAS-79-1987-ocr.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASupreme+Order+of+Christ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Bander_van_Duren" title="Peter Bander van Duren">Peter Bander van Duren</a>, <i>Orders of Knighthood and of Merit</i> (London: C. Smythe, 1995), pp. 9–10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoonan,_Jr.1996" class="citation book cs1">Noonan, Jr., James-Charles (1996). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/churchvisiblecer0000noon/page/196"><i>The Church Visible: The Ceremonial Life and Protocol of the Roman Catholic Church</i></a></span>. Viking. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/churchvisiblecer0000noon/page/196">196</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-86745-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-670-86745-4"><bdi>0-670-86745-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Church+Visible%3A+The+Ceremonial+Life+and+Protocol+of+the+Roman+Catholic+Church&rft.pages=196&rft.pub=Viking&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-670-86745-4&rft.aulast=Noonan%2C+Jr.&rft.aufirst=James-Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fchurchvisiblecer0000noon%2Fpage%2F196&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASupreme+Order+of+Christ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02203b.htm">Van Cleef, Augustus. "Cavaliere Giovanni Baglioni." The Catholic Encyclopedia</a> Vol. 2. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1907. 31 December 2022 <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Order_of_Christ&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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id="Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See#Equestrian_orders_of_the_Holy_See" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Orders<br />of the Holy See</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Supreme Order of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Golden_Spur" title="Order of the Golden Spur">Order of the Golden Spur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Pope_Pius_IX" title="Order of Pope Pius IX">Order of Pope Pius IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._Gregory_the_Great" title="Order of St. Gregory the Great">Order of St. Gregory the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._Sylvester" title="Order of St. Sylvester">Order of St. Sylvester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See#Under_protection_of_the_Holy_See" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Orders<br />under protection<br />of the Holy See</a><br /><small>(with distinctions)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Order of the Holy Sepulchre">Order of the Holy Sepulchre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palm_of_Jerusalem" title="Palm of Jerusalem">Palm of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre#Awards_and_distinctions" title="Order of the Holy Sepulchre">Pilgrim Shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre#Awards_and_distinctions" title="Order of the Holy Sepulchre">Cross of Merit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" title="Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Order_pro_Merito_Melitensi" title="Order pro Merito Melitensi">Order pro Merito Melitensi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medal_of_the_Order_pro_Merito_Melitensi" class="mw-redirect" title="Medal of the Order pro Merito Melitensi">Medal of the Order pro Merito Melitensi</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%">Other distinctions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Rose" title="Golden Rose">Golden Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro_Ecclesia_et_Pontifice" title="Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice">Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benemerenti_medal" title="Benemerenti medal">Benemerenti medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Pilgrim%27s_Cross" title="Jerusalem Pilgrim's Cross">Jerusalem Pilgrim's Cross</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%">Defunct/dormant<br />distinctions<br /><small>(selection)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_of_Saint_John_of_the_Lateran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order of Saint John of the Lateran (page does not exist)">Order of Saint John of the Lateran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_of_Saint_Cecilia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order of Saint Cecilia (page does not exist)">Order of Saint Cecilia</a> (1870)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_of_the_Moor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order of the Moor (page does not exist)">Order of the Moor</a> (1870)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_of_Saint_Sylvester_and_the_Militia_Aurata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order of Saint Sylvester and the Militia Aurata (page does not exist)">Order of Saint Sylvester and the Militia Aurata</a> (1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advocates_of_Saint_Peter" title="Advocates of Saint Peter">Advocates of Saint Peter</a> (1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blessed_sword_and_hat" title="Blessed sword and hat">Blessed sword and hat</a> (1823)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro_Petri_Sede" title="Pro Petri Sede">Pro Petri Sede</a> (1860)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidei_et_Virtuti" title="Fidei et Virtuti">Fidei et Virtuti</a> (1867)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauretan_Cross" title="Lauretan Cross">Lauretan Cross</a> (<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1980s</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Lateran_Cross" title="Papal Lateran Cross">Papal Lateran Cross</a> (1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_household" title="Papal household">Papal household</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_nobility" title="Papal nobility">Papal nobility</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_nobility" title="Black nobility">Black nobility</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_academy" title="Pontifical academy">Pontifical academies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See#Other_Catholic_chivalric_orders" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Other Catholic orders of chivaly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color:#fff200"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Vatican_City" title="Portal:Vatican City">Vatican City portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Orders_of_the_Italian_States_before_the_Unification_of_Italy_(1871)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Orders_of_Italian_States_before_unification" title="Template:Orders of Italian States before unification"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Orders_of_Italian_States_before_unification" title="Template talk:Orders of Italian States before unification"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Orders_of_Italian_States_before_unification" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Orders of Italian States before unification"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Orders_of_the_Italian_States_before_the_Unification_of_Italy_(1871)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_chivalry" title="Order of chivalry">Orders</a> of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_historic_states_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="List of historic states of Italy">Italian States</a> before the <a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Italy" title="Unification of Italy">Unification of Italy</a> (1871)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1720%E2%80%931861)" title="Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)">Kingdom of<br />Sardinia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_the_Most_Holy_Annunciation_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Order_of_the_Most_Holy_Annunciation_BAR.svg/50px-Order_of_the_Most_Holy_Annunciation_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Order_of_the_Most_Holy_Annunciation_BAR.svg/75px-Order_of_the_Most_Holy_Annunciation_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Order_of_the_Most_Holy_Annunciation_BAR.svg/100px-Order_of_the_Most_Holy_Annunciation_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Order_of_the_Most_Holy_Annunciation" title="Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation">Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cavaliere_SSML_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Cavaliere_SSML_BAR.svg/50px-Cavaliere_SSML_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Cavaliere_SSML_BAR.svg/75px-Cavaliere_SSML_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Cavaliere_SSML_BAR.svg/100px-Cavaliere_SSML_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saints_Maurice_and_Lazarus" title="Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus">Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cavaliere_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Cavaliere_BAR.svg/50px-Cavaliere_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Cavaliere_BAR.svg/75px-Cavaliere_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Cavaliere_BAR.svg/100px-Cavaliere_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Military_Order_of_Savoy" title="Military Order of Savoy">Military Order of Savoy</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ordine_Civile_di_Savoia_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Ordine_Civile_di_Savoia_BAR.svg/50px-Ordine_Civile_di_Savoia_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Ordine_Civile_di_Savoia_BAR.svg/75px-Ordine_Civile_di_Savoia_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Ordine_Civile_di_Savoia_BAR.svg/100px-Ordine_Civile_di_Savoia_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Civil_Order_of_Savoy" title="Civil Order of Savoy">Civil Order of Savoy</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Italy_1843.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Italy_1843.svg/150px-Italy_1843.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Italy_1843.svg/225px-Italy_1843.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Italy_1843.svg/300px-Italy_1843.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3500" data-file-height="4200" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Republic<br />of Genoa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Genoa.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Genoa.svg/30px-Flag_of_Genoa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Genoa.svg/45px-Flag_of_Genoa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Genoa.svg/60px-Flag_of_Genoa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_Order_of_Saint_George&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military Order of Saint George (page does not exist)">Military Order of Saint George</a> (Red-coloured cross)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia" title="Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia">Kingdom of<br />Lombardy–Venetia</a><br /> (<a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Austria-Hungary" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Austria-Hungary">Austrian orders</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_the_Golden_Fleece_Rib.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Order_of_the_Golden_Fleece_Rib.gif/50px-Order_of_the_Golden_Fleece_Rib.gif" decoding="async" width="50" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Order_of_the_Golden_Fleece_Rib.gif/75px-Order_of_the_Golden_Fleece_Rib.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Order_of_the_Golden_Fleece_Rib.gif 2x" data-file-width="96" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Golden_Fleece" title="Order of the Golden Fleece">Order of the Golden Fleece</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ord.S.Stef.Ungh..png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Ord.S.Stef.Ungh..png/50px-Ord.S.Stef.Ungh..png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Ord.S.Stef.Ungh..png/75px-Ord.S.Stef.Ungh..png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Ord.S.Stef.Ungh..png/100px-Ord.S.Stef.Ungh..png 2x" data-file-width="345" data-file-height="95" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Stephen_of_Hungary" title="Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary">Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ord.MariaTeresa-CAV.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Ord.MariaTeresa-CAV.png/50px-Ord.MariaTeresa-CAV.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Ord.MariaTeresa-CAV.png/75px-Ord.MariaTeresa-CAV.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Ord.MariaTeresa-CAV.png/100px-Ord.MariaTeresa-CAV.png 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="93" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Military_Order_of_Maria_Theresa" title="Military Order of Maria Theresa">Military Order of Maria Theresa</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ordine_imperiale_della_corona_di_ferro,_austria.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Ordine_imperiale_della_corona_di_ferro%2C_austria.png/50px-Ordine_imperiale_della_corona_di_ferro%2C_austria.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Ordine_imperiale_della_corona_di_ferro%2C_austria.png/75px-Ordine_imperiale_della_corona_di_ferro%2C_austria.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Ordine_imperiale_della_corona_di_ferro%2C_austria.png/100px-Ordine_imperiale_della_corona_di_ferro%2C_austria.png 2x" data-file-width="345" data-file-height="95" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Iron_Crown_(Austria)" title="Order of the Iron Crown (Austria)">Order of the Iron Crown</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ord.Leopold.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ord.Leopold.PNG/50px-Ord.Leopold.PNG" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ord.Leopold.PNG/75px-Ord.Leopold.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ord.Leopold.PNG/100px-Ord.Leopold.PNG 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Leopold_(Austria)" title="Order of Leopold (Austria)">Order of Leopold</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_Franz_Joseph_-_Ribbon_bar_(Knight).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Order_of_Franz_Joseph_-_Ribbon_bar_%28Knight%29.svg/50px-Order_of_Franz_Joseph_-_Ribbon_bar_%28Knight%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Order_of_Franz_Joseph_-_Ribbon_bar_%28Knight%29.svg/75px-Order_of_Franz_Joseph_-_Ribbon_bar_%28Knight%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Order_of_Franz_Joseph_-_Ribbon_bar_%28Knight%29.svg/100px-Order_of_Franz_Joseph_-_Ribbon_bar_%28Knight%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Franz_Joseph" title="Order of Franz Joseph">Order of Franz Joseph</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ordre_de_la_Croix_%C3%A9toil%C3%A9e_autro-hongrois.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Ordre_de_la_Croix_%C3%A9toil%C3%A9e_autro-hongrois.jpg/50px-Ordre_de_la_Croix_%C3%A9toil%C3%A9e_autro-hongrois.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Ordre_de_la_Croix_%C3%A9toil%C3%A9e_autro-hongrois.jpg/75px-Ordre_de_la_Croix_%C3%A9toil%C3%A9e_autro-hongrois.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Ordre_de_la_Croix_%C3%A9toil%C3%A9e_autro-hongrois.jpg/100px-Ordre_de_la_Croix_%C3%A9toil%C3%A9e_autro-hongrois.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1041" data-file-height="279" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Starry_Cross" title="Order of the Starry Cross">Order of the Starry Cross</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ord.ElisabettaTeresa.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Ord.ElisabettaTeresa.PNG/50px-Ord.ElisabettaTeresa.PNG" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Ord.ElisabettaTeresa.PNG/75px-Ord.ElisabettaTeresa.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Ord.ElisabettaTeresa.PNG/100px-Ord.ElisabettaTeresa.PNG 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Elizabeth_and_Theresa" title="Order of Elizabeth and Theresa">Order of Elizabeth and Theresa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Republic of Venice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Mark" title="Order of Saint Mark">Order of Saint Mark</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Golden_Stole" title="Order of the Golden Stole">Order of the Golden Stole</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Company_of_the_Hose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Company of the Hose (page does not exist)">Company of the Hose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Lucca" title="Duchy of Lucca">Duchy of Lucca</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:IT_Luc_Order_of_Saint_George_of_Military_Merit_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/IT_Luc_Order_of_Saint_George_of_Military_Merit_BAR.svg/50px-IT_Luc_Order_of_Saint_George_of_Military_Merit_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/IT_Luc_Order_of_Saint_George_of_Military_Merit_BAR.svg/75px-IT_Luc_Order_of_Saint_George_of_Military_Merit_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/IT_Luc_Order_of_Saint_George_of_Military_Merit_BAR.svg/100px-IT_Luc_Order_of_Saint_George_of_Military_Merit_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_of_Saint_George_for_Military_Merit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order of Saint George for Military Merit (page does not exist)">Order of Saint George for Military Merit</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_Saint_Louis_(Parma)_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Order_of_Saint_Louis_%28Parma%29_ribbon.svg/60px-Order_of_Saint_Louis_%28Parma%29_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Order_of_Saint_Louis_%28Parma%29_ribbon.svg/90px-Order_of_Saint_Louis_%28Parma%29_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Order_of_Saint_Louis_%28Parma%29_ribbon.svg/120px-Order_of_Saint_Louis_%28Parma%29_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1718" data-file-height="469" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_of_Saint_Louis_for_Civil_Merit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order of Saint Louis for Civil Merit (page does not exist)">Order of Saint Louis for Civil Merit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Parma" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Parma">Duchy of Parma</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sacro_Militare_Ordine_Costantiniano_di_San_Giorgio.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Sacro_Militare_Ordine_Costantiniano_di_San_Giorgio.png/50px-Sacro_Militare_Ordine_Costantiniano_di_San_Giorgio.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Sacro_Militare_Ordine_Costantiniano_di_San_Giorgio.png/75px-Sacro_Militare_Ordine_Costantiniano_di_San_Giorgio.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Sacro_Militare_Ordine_Costantiniano_di_San_Giorgio.png/100px-Sacro_Militare_Ordine_Costantiniano_di_San_Giorgio.png 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="93" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Sacred_Military_Constantinian_Order_of_Saint_George" title="Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George">Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_Saint_Louis_(Parma)_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Order_of_Saint_Louis_%28Parma%29_ribbon.svg/60px-Order_of_Saint_Louis_%28Parma%29_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Order_of_Saint_Louis_%28Parma%29_ribbon.svg/90px-Order_of_Saint_Louis_%28Parma%29_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Order_of_Saint_Louis_%28Parma%29_ribbon.svg/120px-Order_of_Saint_Louis_%28Parma%29_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1718" data-file-height="469" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_of_Saint_Louis_for_Civil_Merit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order of Saint Louis for Civil Merit (page does not exist)">Order of Saint Louis for Civil Merit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Modena_and_Reggio" title="Duchy of Modena and Reggio">Duchy of<br />Modena<br />and Reggio</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ord.Estense.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Ord.Estense.png/50px-Ord.Estense.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Ord.Estense.png/75px-Ord.Estense.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Ord.Estense.png/100px-Ord.Estense.png 2x" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Eagle_of_Este" title="Order of the Eagle of Este">Order of the Eagle of Este</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ord.Estense.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Ord.Estense.png/50px-Ord.Estense.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Ord.Estense.png/75px-Ord.Estense.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Ord.Estense.png/100px-Ord.Estense.png 2x" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cross_of_Seniority_of_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cross of Seniority of Service (page does not exist)">Cross of Seniority of Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscany" title="Grand Duchy of Tuscany">Grand Duchy<br />of Tuscany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:TOSC_Order_of_Santo_Stefano_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/TOSC_Order_of_Santo_Stefano_BAR.svg/50px-TOSC_Order_of_Santo_Stefano_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/TOSC_Order_of_Santo_Stefano_BAR.svg/75px-TOSC_Order_of_Santo_Stefano_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/TOSC_Order_of_Santo_Stefano_BAR.svg/100px-TOSC_Order_of_Santo_Stefano_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Stephen" title="Order of Saint Stephen">Order of Saint Stephen</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ord.SanGiuseppe-CAV.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Ord.SanGiuseppe-CAV.png/50px-Ord.SanGiuseppe-CAV.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Ord.SanGiuseppe-CAV.png/75px-Ord.SanGiuseppe-CAV.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Ord.SanGiuseppe-CAV.png/100px-Ord.SanGiuseppe-CAV.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Joseph" title="Order of Saint Joseph">Order of Saint Joseph</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:TOSC_Order_of_Civil_Military_Merit_BAR.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/TOSC_Order_of_Civil_Military_Merit_BAR.png/50px-TOSC_Order_of_Civil_Military_Merit_BAR.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/TOSC_Order_of_Civil_Military_Merit_BAR.png/75px-TOSC_Order_of_Civil_Military_Merit_BAR.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/TOSC_Order_of_Civil_Military_Merit_BAR.png/100px-TOSC_Order_of_Civil_Military_Merit_BAR.png 2x" data-file-width="213" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_of_the_Civil_and_Military_Merit_(Toscana)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order of the Civil and Military Merit (Toscana) (page does not exist)">Order of the Civil and Military Merit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Papal_orders_of_knighthood" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal orders of knighthood">Holy See</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ordine_Supremo_del_Cristo_Rib.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Ordine_Supremo_del_Cristo_Rib.png/50px-Ordine_Supremo_del_Cristo_Rib.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Ordine_Supremo_del_Cristo_Rib.png/75px-Ordine_Supremo_del_Cristo_Rib.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Ordine_Supremo_del_Cristo_Rib.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Supreme Order of Christ</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ordo_Militia_Aurata_or_Ordine_dello_Speron_d%27Oro_o_Milizia_Aurata.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ordo_Militia_Aurata_or_Ordine_dello_Speron_d%27Oro_o_Milizia_Aurata.png/45px-Ordo_Militia_Aurata_or_Ordine_dello_Speron_d%27Oro_o_Milizia_Aurata.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ordo_Militia_Aurata_or_Ordine_dello_Speron_d%27Oro_o_Milizia_Aurata.png/68px-Ordo_Militia_Aurata_or_Ordine_dello_Speron_d%27Oro_o_Milizia_Aurata.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ordo_Militia_Aurata_or_Ordine_dello_Speron_d%27Oro_o_Milizia_Aurata.png/90px-Ordo_Militia_Aurata_or_Ordine_dello_Speron_d%27Oro_o_Milizia_Aurata.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Golden_Spur" title="Order of the Golden Spur">Order of the Golden Spur</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:VA_Ordine_Piano_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/VA_Ordine_Piano_BAR.svg/50px-VA_Ordine_Piano_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/VA_Ordine_Piano_BAR.svg/75px-VA_Ordine_Piano_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/VA_Ordine_Piano_BAR.svg/100px-VA_Ordine_Piano_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Pope_Pius_IX" title="Order of Pope Pius IX">Order of Pope Pius IX</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_St._Gregory_the_Great.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Order_of_St._Gregory_the_Great.png/50px-Order_of_St._Gregory_the_Great.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Order_of_St._Gregory_the_Great.png/75px-Order_of_St._Gregory_the_Great.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Order_of_St._Gregory_the_Great.png/100px-Order_of_St._Gregory_the_Great.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._Gregory_the_Great" title="Order of St. Gregory the Great">Order of St. Gregory the Great</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_Pope_Sylvester_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Order_of_Pope_Sylvester_BAR.svg/50px-Order_of_Pope_Sylvester_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Order_of_Pope_Sylvester_BAR.svg/75px-Order_of_Pope_Sylvester_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Order_of_Pope_Sylvester_BAR.svg/100px-Order_of_Pope_Sylvester_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._Sylvester" title="Order of St. Sylvester">Order of St. Sylvester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Protected by<br />the Holy See</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OESSG_Cavaliere_BAR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/OESSG_Cavaliere_BAR.jpg/50px-OESSG_Cavaliere_BAR.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/OESSG_Cavaliere_BAR.jpg/75px-OESSG_Cavaliere_BAR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/OESSG_Cavaliere_BAR.jpg/100px-OESSG_Cavaliere_BAR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Order of the Holy Sepulchre">Order of the Holy Sepulchre</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Teutonic_Order_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Teutonic_Order_BAR.svg/50px-Teutonic_Order_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Teutonic_Order_BAR.svg/75px-Teutonic_Order_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Teutonic_Order_BAR.svg/100px-Teutonic_Order_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Teutonic_Order" title="Teutonic Order">Teutonic Order</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SMOM.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/SMOM.svg/50px-SMOM.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/SMOM.svg/75px-SMOM.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/SMOM.svg/100px-SMOM.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="436" data-file-height="120" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" title="Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Kingdom of the Two Sicilies">Kingdom of<br />the Two Sicilies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:IT_TSic_Order_Santo_Gennaro_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/IT_TSic_Order_Santo_Gennaro_BAR.svg/50px-IT_TSic_Order_Santo_Gennaro_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/IT_TSic_Order_Santo_Gennaro_BAR.svg/75px-IT_TSic_Order_Santo_Gennaro_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/IT_TSic_Order_Santo_Gennaro_BAR.svg/100px-IT_TSic_Order_Santo_Gennaro_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Januarius" title="Order of Saint Januarius">Order of Saint Januarius</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sacro_Militare_Ordine_Costantiniano_di_San_Giorgio.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Sacro_Militare_Ordine_Costantiniano_di_San_Giorgio.png/50px-Sacro_Militare_Ordine_Costantiniano_di_San_Giorgio.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Sacro_Militare_Ordine_Costantiniano_di_San_Giorgio.png/75px-Sacro_Militare_Ordine_Costantiniano_di_San_Giorgio.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Sacro_Militare_Ordine_Costantiniano_di_San_Giorgio.png/100px-Sacro_Militare_Ordine_Costantiniano_di_San_Giorgio.png 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="93" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Sacred_Military_Constantinian_Order_of_Saint_George" title="Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George">Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Order_of_Saint_Ferdinand_and_of_Merit.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Royal_Order_of_Saint_Ferdinand_and_of_Merit.png/50px-Royal_Order_of_Saint_Ferdinand_and_of_Merit.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Royal_Order_of_Saint_Ferdinand_and_of_Merit.png/75px-Royal_Order_of_Saint_Ferdinand_and_of_Merit.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Royal_Order_of_Saint_Ferdinand_and_of_Merit.png/100px-Royal_Order_of_Saint_Ferdinand_and_of_Merit.png 2x" data-file-width="341" data-file-height="93" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Ferdinand_and_of_Merit" title="Order of Saint Ferdinand and of Merit">Order of Saint Ferdinand and of Merit</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ordine_delle_Due_Sicilie_ribbon_bar.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Ordine_delle_Due_Sicilie_ribbon_bar.png/50px-Ordine_delle_Due_Sicilie_ribbon_bar.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Ordine_delle_Due_Sicilie_ribbon_bar.png/75px-Ordine_delle_Due_Sicilie_ribbon_bar.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Ordine_delle_Due_Sicilie_ribbon_bar.png/100px-Ordine_delle_Due_Sicilie_ribbon_bar.png 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="93" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Order_of_the_Two-Sicilies" title="Royal Order of the Two-Sicilies">Royal Order of the Two-Sicilies</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reale_e_militare_ordine_di_San_Giorgio_della_Riunione.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Reale_e_militare_ordine_di_San_Giorgio_della_Riunione.png/50px-Reale_e_militare_ordine_di_San_Giorgio_della_Riunione.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Reale_e_militare_ordine_di_San_Giorgio_della_Riunione.png/75px-Reale_e_militare_ordine_di_San_Giorgio_della_Riunione.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Reale_e_militare_ordine_di_San_Giorgio_della_Riunione.png/100px-Reale_e_militare_ordine_di_San_Giorgio_della_Riunione.png 2x" data-file-width="343" data-file-height="92" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_George_of_the_Reunion" title="Order of Saint George of the Reunion">Order of Saint George of the Reunion</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reale_ordine_di_francesco_I.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Reale_ordine_di_francesco_I.png/50px-Reale_ordine_di_francesco_I.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Reale_ordine_di_francesco_I.png/75px-Reale_ordine_di_francesco_I.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Reale_ordine_di_francesco_I.png/100px-Reale_ordine_di_francesco_I.png 2x" data-file-width="341" data-file-height="93" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Order_of_Francis_I" title="Royal Order of Francis I">Royal Order of Francis I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/Template:Italian_orders,_decorations,_and_medals" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Italian orders, decorations, and medals">Template:Italian orders, decorations, and medals</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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