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euphemism | "euphemism" 的词源、"euphemism" 的起源和意思 - etymonline
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1650年代，源自希腊词汇euphemismos，意为“用一个吉祥的词代替一个不吉利的词，在宗教仪式中避免不祥之言，也包括用Eumenides代替Furies。该词源自euphemizein，意为“用美好的话语说话，使用吉祥的词语”，由eu-“好的，良好的”（参见eu-)和phēmē“言语，声音，话语，说话”组成，源自phanai“说话”（源自PIE词根*bha-（2）“说话，讲述，说”）。另请参见Euxine，并比较希腊语ar...","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.etymonline.com#website"}},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":["DefinedTermSet","Book"],"@id":"https://www.etymonline.com","name":"Dictionary and etymology by etymonline","description":"An online etymology dictionary providing the origin and history of English words"},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"DefinedTerm","@id":"https://www.etymonline.com/cn/word/euphemism","name":"euphemism","inDefinedTermSet":"https://www.etymonline.com"}]</script><section class="grid grid-cols-1 gap-12 laptop:grid-cols-3 desktop:grid-cols-3"><div class="col-span-2"><p class="text-sm text-content4">广告</p><div id="div-gpt-ad-pc_wd_top" class="adsbygoogle relative inline-block transition-all h-[90px] w-[728px]"></div><div class="mt-4 space-y-10"><div class="space-y-2"><div class="space-y-2"><section class="prose-lg max-w-none py-1"><div class="-mb-4"><span id="#11682" class="scroll-m-16 text-3xl font-bold flex items-center"><h1 class="inline !mb-1 scroll-m-16 text-3xl font-bold">euphemism</h1><div class="pl-2 flex-1 text-textSecondary text-xl font-serif">(n.)</div></span></div><section class=""><p>1650年代，源自希腊词汇 <i class="foreign notranslate">euphemismos</i>，意为“用一个吉祥的词代替一个不吉利的词，在宗教仪式中避免不祥之言，也包括用 <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Eumenides " class="crossreference notranslate" href="/cn/word/Eumenides">Eumenides</a> 代替 Furies。该词源自 <i class="foreign notranslate">euphemizein</i>，意为“用美好的话语说话，使用吉祥的词语”，由 <i class="foreign notranslate">eu-</i> “好的，良好的”（参见 <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of eu- " class="crossreference notranslate" href="/cn/word/eu-">eu-</a>)和 <i class="foreign notranslate">phēmē</i> “言语，声音，话语，说话”组成，源自 <i class="foreign notranslate">phanai</i> “说话”（源自 PIE 词根 <a rel="nofollow" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of *bha- " class="crossreference notranslate" href="/cn/word/*bha-">*bha-</a>（2）“说话，讲述，说”）。另请参见 <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Euxine " class="crossreference notranslate" href="/cn/word/Euxine">Euxine</a>，并比较希腊语 <i class="foreign notranslate">aristeros</i> “更好的”，是“左（手）”的委婉说法。在英语中，该词最初是修辞学术语； 更广泛的意义“选择一个比原本意思更不令人反感的词或短语”首次出现在1793年。相关词汇： <i class="foreign notranslate">Euphemistic</i>； <i class="foreign notranslate">euphemistically</i>。</p><blockquote class="bq-origin">All the ancients, but most of all the Athenians, were careful not to use ill-omened words; so they called the prison 'the chamber,' and the executioner 'the public man,' and the Furies (Erinyes) they called 'Eumenides' ('the kindly ones') or 'the Venerable Goddesses.' " [Helladius of Antinoopolis, 4 c. C.E., quoted by Photius]</blockquote><blockquote>所有古人，尤其是雅典人，都小心翼翼地不使用不祥之言； 所以他们把监狱称为“房间”，把刽子手称为“公共人物”，把 Furies（Erinyes）称为“Eumenides”（“友善的人”）或“庄严的女神”。 “[安提诺波利斯的赫拉迪乌斯，公元4世纪，引自福提乌斯]</blockquote><blockquote class="bq-origin">Thus, in our dialect, a vicious man is a man of pleasure, a sharper is one that plays the whole game, a lady is said to have an affair, a gentleman to be a gallant, a rogue in business to be one that knows the world. By this means, we have no such things as sots, debauchees, whores, rogues, or the like, in the <i class="foreign notranslate">beau monde</i>, who may enjoy their vices without incurring disagreeable appellations. [George Berkeley, "Alciphron or the Minute Philosopher," 1732]</blockquote><blockquote>因此，在我们的方言中，一个邪恶的人是一个享乐的人，一个骗子是一个玩整个游戏的人，一个女士被称为有一段恋情，一个绅士被称为一个风流倜傥的人，一个商业骗子被称为一个精明的人。通过这种方式，在 <i class="foreign notranslate">beau monde</i> 中没有像酒鬼、放荡者、妓女、流氓之类的人，他们可以享受他们的恶习而不会招致不愉快的称号。[乔治·伯克利，“阿尔西弗隆或分钟哲学家”，1732年]</blockquote></section><figure><div class="relative shadow-black/5 shadow-none rounded-small w-full my-0 mx-auto" style="max-width:500px"> <img src="https://cdn.etymonline.com/chart/etymology-euphemism-11682p_l.jpg?undefined" class="relative z-10 opacity-0 shadow-black/5 data-[loaded=true]:opacity-100 shadow-none transition-transform-opacity motion-reduce:transition-none !duration-300 rounded-small cover" alt="euphemism" width="500" height="300"/></div><figcaption class="text-center">euphemism</figcaption></figure><div class="-mt-4"><p class="text-sm caret-gray-400 flex items-center">同样来自于:<a class="ml-1 pl-1 mt-1 flex items-center no-underline" rel="nofollow" href="/search?sort=a&q=from%3A1650s">1650s<span class="text-inherit inline-block ml-1"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12.6 12L8 7.4L9.4 6l6 6l-6 6L8 16.6l4.6-4.6Z"></path></svg></span> </a></p></div></section></div></div><div class="space-y-2"><h3>相关词汇<!-- --> <i>euphemism</i></h3><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden height-auto text-foreground box-border bg-content1 outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 shadow-none rounded-medium transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border-1 border-lightGray" tabindex="-1"><a class="flex z-10 w-full items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-medium p-3 pl-5 justify-between hover:text-primary" title="词源、翻译、意思: Eumenides" href="/cn/word/Eumenides"><span id="#" class="scroll-m-16 text-3xl font-bold text-primary text-xl flex items-center">Eumenides<div class="pl-2 flex-1 text-textSecondary text-xl font-serif"></div></span><span class="text-4xl text-inherent justify-end"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12.6 12L8 7.4L9.4 6l6 6l-6 6L8 16.6l4.6-4.6Z"></path></svg></span></a><hr class="shrink-0 bg-divider border-none w-full h-divider" role="separator"/><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased"><section class="p-2 prose-lg max-w-none"><p>希腊语，字面意思是“心地善良的人”，是对 <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Erinys " class="crossreference notranslate" href="/cn/word/Erinys">Erinys</a> 的委婉说法； 参见 <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of eu- " class="crossreference notranslate" href="/cn/word/eu-">eu-</a> “好的，良好的”； 第二个元素来自希腊语 <i class="foreign notranslate">menos</i> “精神，激情”，源自 PIE <i class="foreign notranslate">*men-es-</i>, 是 <a rel="nofollow" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of *men- " class="crossreference notranslate" href="/cn/word/*men-">*men-</a>（1）“思考”的词根的带后缀形式。</p></section></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden height-auto text-foreground box-border bg-content1 outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 shadow-none rounded-medium transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border-1 border-lightGray" tabindex="-1"><a class="flex z-10 w-full items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-medium p-3 pl-5 justify-between hover:text-primary" title="词源、翻译、意思: Euxine" href="/cn/word/Euxine"><span id="#" class="scroll-m-16 text-3xl font-bold text-primary text-xl flex items-center">Euxine<div class="pl-2 flex-1 text-textSecondary text-xl font-serif"></div></span><span class="text-4xl text-inherent justify-end"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12.6 12L8 7.4L9.4 6l6 6l-6 6L8 16.6l4.6-4.6Z"></path></svg></span></a><hr class="shrink-0 bg-divider border-none w-full h-divider" role="separator"/><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased"><section class="p-2 prose-lg max-w-none"><p>黑海的古称，源自拉丁语 <i class="foreign notranslate">Pontus Euxinus</i>，来自希腊语 <i class="foreign notranslate">Pontos Euxenios</i>，字面意思是“好客之海”，是对 <i class="foreign notranslate">Pontos Axeinos</i> “不好客之海”的委婉说法。来自于希腊语前缀 <i class="foreign notranslate">eu-</i> “好的，良好的”（参见 <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of eu- " class="crossreference notranslate" href="/cn/word/eu-">eu-</a>）和词根 <a rel="nofollow" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of *ghos-ti- " class="crossreference notranslate" href="/cn/word/*ghos-ti-">*ghos-ti-</a> “陌生人，客人，主人”的词汇 <i class="foreign notranslate">xenos</i> “主人； 客人； 陌生人”。</p><p>据 Room 所述，波斯古称该海为 <i class="foreign notranslate">akhshaena</i>，字面意思是“黑暗的”，可能是指突然而危险的风暴使得该海对水手来说十分危险并使其面色黯淡（或者是指水的颜色，因为该海深且相对缺乏生命），而希腊人将其未翻译为 <i class="foreign notranslate">Pontos Axeinos</i>，被解释为类似的希腊语词汇 <i class="foreign notranslate">axenos</i> “不好客的”。因此，现代英文名称可能反映了古波斯语的名称。</p></section></div></div></div><p class="text-sm text-content4">广告</p><ins class="adsbygoogle relative inline-block transition-all mt-1 w-full" data-ad-slot="8757723469" data-adtest="off" data-ad-format="auto" data-full-width-responsive="true"></ins><ul class="list-none flex gap-2 flex-wrap"><li><a class="z-0 group relative inline-flex items-center justify-center box-border appearance-none select-none whitespace-nowrap font-normal subpixel-antialiased overflow-hidden tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 px-unit-4 min-w-unit-20 h-unit-10 gap-unit-2 rounded-small [&>svg]:max-w-[theme(spacing.unit-8)] data-[pressed=true]:scale-[0.97] transition-transform-colors-opacity motion-reduce:transition-none data-[hover=true]:opacity-hover bg-default text-lg text-foreground hover:bg-primary hover:text-white" role="button" tabindex="0" title="词源、翻译、意思: dysphemism" href="/cn/word/dysphemism">dysphemism</a></li><li><a class="z-0 group relative inline-flex items-center justify-center box-border appearance-none select-none whitespace-nowrap font-normal subpixel-antialiased overflow-hidden tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 px-unit-4 min-w-unit-20 h-unit-10 gap-unit-2 rounded-small [&>svg]:max-w-[theme(spacing.unit-8)] data-[pressed=true]:scale-[0.97] transition-transform-colors-opacity motion-reduce:transition-none data-[hover=true]:opacity-hover bg-default text-lg text-foreground hover:bg-primary hover:text-white" role="button" tabindex="0" title="词源、翻译、意思: euphemistic" href="/cn/word/euphemistic">euphemistic</a></li><li><a class="z-0 group relative inline-flex items-center justify-center box-border appearance-none select-none whitespace-nowrap font-normal subpixel-antialiased overflow-hidden tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 px-unit-4 min-w-unit-20 h-unit-10 gap-unit-2 rounded-small [&>svg]:max-w-[theme(spacing.unit-8)] data-[pressed=true]:scale-[0.97] transition-transform-colors-opacity motion-reduce:transition-none data-[hover=true]:opacity-hover bg-default text-lg text-foreground hover:bg-primary hover:text-white" role="button" tabindex="0" title="词源、翻译、意思: *bha-" href="/cn/word/*bha-">*bha-</a></li><li><a class="z-0 group relative inline-flex items-center justify-center box-border appearance-none select-none whitespace-nowrap font-normal subpixel-antialiased overflow-hidden tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 px-unit-4 min-w-unit-20 h-unit-10 gap-unit-2 rounded-small [&>svg]:max-w-[theme(spacing.unit-8)] data-[pressed=true]:scale-[0.97] transition-transform-colors-opacity motion-reduce:transition-none data-[hover=true]:opacity-hover bg-default text-lg text-foreground hover:bg-primary hover:text-white" role="button" tabindex="0" title="词源、翻译、意思: eu-" href="/cn/word/eu-">eu-</a></li><li><a class="z-0 group relative inline-flex items-center justify-center box-border appearance-none select-none whitespace-nowrap font-normal subpixel-antialiased overflow-hidden tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 px-unit-4 min-w-unit-20 h-unit-10 gap-unit-2 rounded-small [&>svg]:max-w-[theme(spacing.unit-8)] data-[pressed=true]:scale-[0.97] transition-transform-colors-opacity motion-reduce:transition-none data-[hover=true]:opacity-hover bg-default text-lg text-foreground hover:bg-primary hover:text-white" role="button" tabindex="0" title="词源、翻译、意思: *es-" href="/cn/word/*es-">*es-</a></li><li><a class="z-0 group relative inline-flex items-center justify-center box-border appearance-none select-none whitespace-nowrap font-normal subpixel-antialiased overflow-hidden tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 border-medium bg-transparent px-unit-4 min-w-unit-20 h-unit-10 gap-unit-2 rounded-small [&>svg]:max-w-[theme(spacing.unit-8)] data-[pressed=true]:scale-[0.97] transition-transform-colors-opacity motion-reduce:transition-none border-primary text-primary hover:!text-primary-foreground hover:!bg-primary text-lg" role="button" tabindex="0" title="Origin and meaning of euphemism" href="/word/euphemism/related">See all related words (<!-- -->7<!-- -->)<div class="-ml-3"><span class="text-3xl text-inherit"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12.6 12L8 7.4L9.4 6l6 6l-6 6L8 16.6l4.6-4.6Z"></path></svg></span></div></a></li></ul><div class="min-h-unit-7"><h3>euphemism 的使用趋势</h3><canvas role="img" height="150" width="300"></canvas></div><p class="text-sm text-content4">广告</p><ins class="adsbygoogle relative inline-block transition-all mt-1 w-full" data-ad-slot="7656336158" data-adtest="off" data-ad-format="auto" data-full-width-responsive="true"></ins><p class="text-small text-content4">仅供参考，由机器翻译系统提供。查看原文，请访问：<a class="text-primary" title="Etymology, origin and meaning of euphemism" href="/word/euphemism">Etymology, origin and meaning of <i>euphemism</i></a></p></div></div><div><p class="text-sm text-content4">广告</p><div id="div-gpt-ad-pc_wd_right" class="adsbygoogle relative inline-block transition-all h-[250px] w-[300px]"></div><div class="mt-4"><div class="space-y-4"><h3>在 euphemism 附近的词典条目</h3><hr class="shrink-0 bg-divider border-none w-full h-divider" role="separator"/><ul class="min-h-[280px] space-y-2"><li class="text-medium"><a class="link-hover text-primary" rel="nofollow" title="词源、翻译、意思: eulogy" href="/cn/word/eulogy">eulogy</a></li><li class="text-medium"><a class="link-hover text-primary" rel="nofollow" title="词源、翻译、意思: Eumenides" href="/cn/word/Eumenides">Eumenides</a></li><li class="text-medium"><a class="link-hover text-primary" rel="nofollow" title="词源、翻译、意思: Eunice" href="/cn/word/Eunice">Eunice</a></li><li class="text-medium"><a class="link-hover text-primary" rel="nofollow" title="词源、翻译、意思: eunuch" href="/cn/word/eunuch">eunuch</a></li><li class="text-medium"><a class="link-hover text-primary" rel="nofollow" title="词源、翻译、意思: eupeptic" href="/cn/word/eupeptic">eupeptic</a></li><li class="text-medium"><span class="text-content4">euphemism</span></li><li class="text-medium"><a class="link-hover text-primary" rel="nofollow" title="词源、翻译、意思: euphemistic" href="/cn/word/euphemistic">euphemistic</a></li><li class="text-medium"><a class="link-hover text-primary" rel="nofollow" title="词源、翻译、意思: euphony" href="/cn/word/euphony">euphony</a></li><li class="text-medium"><a class="link-hover text-primary" rel="nofollow" title="词源、翻译、意思: euphoria" href="/cn/word/euphoria">euphoria</a></li><li class="text-medium"><a class="link-hover text-primary" rel="nofollow" title="词源、翻译、意思: euphoric" href="/cn/word/euphoric">euphoric</a></li><li class="text-medium"><a class="link-hover text-primary" rel="nofollow" title="词源、翻译、意思: Euphrates" href="/cn/word/Euphrates">Euphrates</a></li></ul></div></div></div></section></main><footer class="bg-default text-textSecondary"><footer class="container footer py-4 tablet:grid-rows-2"><nav><header class="footer-title">链接</header><a class="link-hover link" href="https://forum.etymonline.com/">论坛</a><a class="link-hover link" href="/columns/post/sources">参考文献</a><a class="link-hover link" href="/columns/post/links">链接</a></nav><nav><header class="footer-title">产品</header><a target="_blank" class="link-hover link" href="https://apps.apple.com/app/apple-store/id813629612?pt=33423801&ct=etymonline_footer&mt=8">iOS 应用</a><a target="_blank" class="link-hover link" href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.etymonline.app&referrer=utm_source%3Detymonline_webfooter">安卓应用</a><a target="_blank" class="link-hover link" href="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/etymonline/giehjnnlopapngdjbjjgddpaagoimmgl?utm_source=etymonline_web_footer">Chrome 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dictionary, English dictionary, 英语词源在线词典\",\"description\":\"词源在线(Etymonline)是互联网上最好、最权威的英语词源词根词典，收录超过五万英文单词、短语的词源词根，查询词源能帮你科学、快速地理解与记忆英语单词。\"},\"global\":{\"search\":{\"placeholder\":\"搜索\",\"hint\":\"搜索 \\\"{word}\\\"\",\"cancel\":\"取消\"},\"header\":{\"links\":{\"forum\":\"论坛\",\"columns\":\"博客\",\"apps\":\"Apps\",\"premium\":\"会员\"},\"login\":{\"login\":\"登录\"}},\"footer\":{\"links\":{\"label\":\"链接\",\"forum\":\"论坛\",\"fullListOfSources\":\"参考文献\",\"links\":\"链接\"},\"products\":{\"label\":\"产品\",\"iOS\":\"iOS 应用\",\"android\":\"安卓应用\",\"chromeExtension\":\"Chrome 扩展\"},\"about\":{\"label\":\"关于\",\"whoDidThis\":\"网站作者\",\"introduction\":\"网站简介\",\"followOnFacebook\":\"在 Facebook 关注我们\"},\"support\":{\"label\":\"支持\",\"paypal\":\"通过 PayPal 捐赠\",\"shoppe\":\"购买周边\",\"patreon\":\"Patreon 订阅支持\"},\"legal\":{\"label\":\"法律\",\"termsOfService\":\"服务协议\",\"privacyPolicy\":\"隐私政策\"},\"hover\":{\"hint\":\"词源、翻译、意思: \"}},\"appLauncher\":{\"title\":\"打开 App 查看更多\"},\"metaData\":{\"title\":\"Etymonline - 在线词源词典\"},\"advertisement\":{\"label\":\"广告\"},\"theme\":{\"dark\":\"深色\",\"light\":\"浅色\",\"auto\":\"自动\"}},\"home\":{\"title\":\"词源在线 | 英语词源词根词典 | Etymonline\",\"search\":{\"placeholder\":\"输入单词搜索词源\"},\"latestColumn\":{\"label\":\"最新文章\",\"more\":\"更多\"},\"content\":\"\\n \u003ch2\u003e在线词源词典\u003c/h2\u003e\\n \u003cp\u003e这是一张展现英语发展轨迹的地图。\u003ca href=\\\"/cn/word/etymology\\\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e词源\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e不是定义，但词源解释了我们现在所使用的单词，在过去的 600 年甚至 2000 年前的意思和发音是怎样的。\\n \u003c/p\u003e\\n \u003cp\u003e正文中的日期表示该单词最早留下文献记录的年份(除非另有说明，一般指英文文献)。但这只是一个近似年份，特别是在 1700\\n 年之前，因为一个单词在有幸被记录到某个幸存于历史长河的手稿之前，可能已经被口口相传使用了数百年。\u003c/p\u003e\\n \u003cp\u003e编辑这本在线词典的基本资料来源是：Weekley 主编的《现代英语词源词典》，Klein 主编的《英语词源大辞典》，《牛津英语词典》(第二版)，《Barnhart 词源词典》，Holthausen\\n 主编的《英语词源词典》，以及Kipfer 和 Chapman 主编的《美国俚语词典》。编辑中所使用的书籍来源的完整列表可以\u003ca href=\\\"/columns/post/sources\\\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e在这里找到。\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\\n \u003c/p\u003e\\n 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Etymology Dictionary\",\"potentialAction\":{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"https://www.etymonline.com/search?q={search_term_string}\u0026utm_campaign=sd\u0026utm_medium=serp\u0026utm_source=ds_search\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}},{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"name\":\"euphemism | \\\"euphemism\\\" 的词源、\\\"euphemism\\\" 的起源和意思 - etymonline\",\"url\":\"https://www.etymonline.com/cn/word/euphemism\",\"description\":\"euphemism 意思是: 委婉语; 1650年代，源自希腊词汇euphemismos，意为“用一个吉祥的词代替一个不吉利的词，在宗教仪式中避免不祥之言，也包括用Eumenides代替Furies。该词源自euphemizein，意为“用美好的话语说话，使用吉祥的词语”，由eu-“好的，良好的”（参见eu-)和phēmē“言语，声音，话语，说话”组成，源自phanai“说话”（源自PIE词根*bha-（2）“说话，讲述，说”）。另请参见Euxine，并比较希腊语ar...\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://www.etymonline.com#website\"}},{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":[\"DefinedTermSet\",\"Book\"],\"@id\":\"https://www.etymonline.com\",\"name\":\"Dictionary and etymology by etymonline\",\"description\":\"An online etymology dictionary providing the origin and history of English words\"},{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"DefinedTerm\",\"@id\":\"https://www.etymonline.com/cn/word/euphemism\",\"name\":\"euphemism\",\"inDefinedTermSet\":\"https://www.etymonline.com\"}]"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"1c:Td6e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003cp\u003e1650年代，源自希腊词汇 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eeuphemismos\u003c/span\u003e，意为“用一个吉祥的词代替一个不吉利的词，在宗教仪式中避免不祥之言，也包括用 \u003ca href=\"/cn/word/Eumenides\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of Eumenides \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eEumenides\u003c/a\u003e 代替 Furies。该词源自 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eeuphemizein\u003c/span\u003e，意为“用美好的话语说话，使用吉祥的词语”，由 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eeu-\u003c/span\u003e “好的，良好的”（参见 \u003ca href=\"/cn/word/eu-\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of eu- \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eeu-\u003c/a\u003e)和 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ephēmē\u003c/span\u003e “言语，声音，话语，说话”组成，源自 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ephanai\u003c/span\u003e “说话”（源自 PIE 词根 \u003ca href=\"/cn/word/*bha-\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of *bha- \"rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003e*bha-\u003c/a\u003e（2）“说话，讲述，说”）。另请参见 \u003ca href=\"/cn/word/Euxine\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of Euxine \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eEuxine\u003c/a\u003e，并比较希腊语 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003earisteros\u003c/span\u003e “更好的”，是“左（手）”的委婉说法。在英语中，该词最初是修辞学术语； 更广泛的意义“选择一个比原本意思更不令人反感的词或短语”首次出现在1793年。相关词汇： \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eEuphemistic\u003c/span\u003e； \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eeuphemistically\u003c/span\u003e。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cblockquote class=\"bq-origin\"\u003eAll the ancients, but most of all the Athenians, were careful not to use ill-omened words; so they called the prison 'the chamber,' and the executioner 'the public man,' and the Furies (Erinyes) they called 'Eumenides' ('the kindly ones') or 'the Venerable Goddesses.' \" [Helladius of Antinoopolis, 4 c. C.E., quoted by Photius]\u003c/blockquote\u003e\u003cblockquote\u003e所有古人，尤其是雅典人，都小心翼翼地不使用不祥之言； 所以他们把监狱称为“房间”，把刽子手称为“公共人物”，把 Furies（Erinyes）称为“Eumenides”（“友善的人”）或“庄严的女神”。 “[安提诺波利斯的赫拉迪乌斯，公元4世纪，引自福提乌斯]\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote class=\"bq-origin\"\u003eThus, in our dialect, a vicious man is a man of pleasure, a sharper is one that plays the whole game, a lady is said to have an affair, a gentleman to be a gallant, a rogue in business to be one that knows the world. By this means, we have no such things as sots, debauchees, whores, rogues, or the like, in the \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ebeau monde\u003c/span\u003e, who may enjoy their vices without incurring disagreeable appellations. [George Berkeley, \"Alciphron or the Minute Philosopher,\" 1732]\u003c/blockquote\u003e\u003cblockquote\u003e因此，在我们的方言中，一个邪恶的人是一个享乐的人，一个骗子是一个玩整个游戏的人，一个女士被称为有一段恋情，一个绅士被称为一个风流倜傥的人，一个商业骗子被称为一个精明的人。通过这种方式，在 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ebeau monde\u003c/span\u003e 中没有像酒鬼、放荡者、妓女、流氓之类的人，他们可以享受他们的恶习而不会招致不愉快的称号。[乔治·伯克利，“阿尔西弗隆或分钟哲学家”，1732年]\u003c/blockquote\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"15:[[\"$\",\"script\",null,{\"type\":\"application/ld+json\",\"dangerouslySetInnerHTML\":{\"__html\":\"$19\"}}],[\"$\",\"section\",null,{\"className\":\"grid grid-cols-1 gap-12 laptop:grid-cols-3 desktop:grid-cols-3\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"col-span-2\",\"children\":[\"$L1a\",[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"mt-4 space-y-10\",\"children\":[\"$undefined\",[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"space-y-2\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"space-y-2\",\"children\":[false,[\"$\",\"section\",null,{\"className\":\"prose-lg max-w-none py-1\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"-mb-4\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L1b\",null,{\"doc_id\":\"9518dfaa68111174c238799ce9116e74_ev\",\"domain_id\":11682,\"graph_key\":\"etymology-euphemism-11682\",\"word\":\"euphemism\",\"toxicity\":4,\"type\":0,\"thumbnail\":true,\"property\":\"(n.)\",\"etymology\":\"$1c\",\"first_recorded\":\"1650s\",\"content_length\":1519,\"modify_time\":1634142730000,\"as\":\"span\",\"isMainHead\":true}]}],[\"$\",\"section\",null,{\"className\":\"\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"p\",\"0\",{\"children\":[\"1650年代，源自希腊词汇 \",[\"$\",\"i\",\"1\",{\"className\":\"foreign notranslate\",\"children\":\"euphemismos\"}],\"，意为“用一个吉祥的词代替一个不吉利的词，在宗教仪式中避免不祥之言，也包括用 \",[\"$\",\"$L8\",\"3\",{\"href\":\"/cn/word/Eumenides\",\"rel\":\"$undefined\",\"title\":\"Etymology, meaning and definition of Eumenides \",\"className\":\"crossreference notranslate\",\"prefetch\":false,\"children\":\"Eumenides\"}],\" 代替 Furies。该词源自 \",[\"$\",\"i\",\"5\",{\"className\":\"foreign notranslate\",\"children\":\"euphemizein\"}],\"，意为“用美好的话语说话，使用吉祥的词语”，由 \",[\"$\",\"i\",\"7\",{\"className\":\"foreign notranslate\",\"children\":\"eu-\"}],\" “好的，良好的”（参见 \",[\"$\",\"$L8\",\"9\",{\"href\":\"/cn/word/eu-\",\"rel\":\"$undefined\",\"title\":\"Etymology, meaning and definition of eu- \",\"className\":\"crossreference notranslate\",\"prefetch\":false,\"children\":\"eu-\"}],\")和 \",[\"$\",\"i\",\"11\",{\"className\":\"foreign notranslate\",\"children\":\"phēmē\"}],\" “言语，声音，话语，说话”组成，源自 \",[\"$\",\"i\",\"13\",{\"className\":\"foreign notranslate\",\"children\":\"phanai\"}],\" “说话”（源自 PIE 词根 \",[\"$\",\"$L8\",\"15\",{\"href\":\"/cn/word/*bha-\",\"rel\":\"nofollow\",\"title\":\"Etymology, meaning and definition of *bha- \",\"className\":\"crossreference notranslate\",\"prefetch\":false,\"children\":\"*bha-\"}],\"（2）“说话，讲述，说”）。另请参见 \",[\"$\",\"$L8\",\"17\",{\"href\":\"/cn/word/Euxine\",\"rel\":\"$undefined\",\"title\":\"Etymology, meaning and definition of Euxine \",\"className\":\"crossreference notranslate\",\"prefetch\":false,\"children\":\"Euxine\"}],\"，并比较希腊语 \",[\"$\",\"i\",\"19\",{\"className\":\"foreign notranslate\",\"children\":\"aristeros\"}],\" “更好的”，是“左（手）”的委婉说法。在英语中，该词最初是修辞学术语； 更广泛的意义“选择一个比原本意思更不令人反感的词或短语”首次出现在1793年。相关词汇： \",[\"$\",\"i\",\"21\",{\"className\":\"foreign notranslate\",\"children\":\"Euphemistic\"}],\"； \",[\"$\",\"i\",\"23\",{\"className\":\"foreign notranslate\",\"children\":\"euphemistically\"}],\"。\"]}],[\"$\",\"blockquote\",\"1\",{\"className\":\"bq-origin\",\"children\":\"All the ancients, but most of all the Athenians, were careful not to use ill-omened words; so they called the prison 'the chamber,' and the executioner 'the public man,' and the Furies (Erinyes) they called 'Eumenides' ('the kindly ones') or 'the Venerable Goddesses.' \\\" [Helladius of Antinoopolis, 4 c. C.E., quoted by Photius]\"}],[\"$\",\"blockquote\",\"2\",{\"children\":\"所有古人，尤其是雅典人，都小心翼翼地不使用不祥之言； 所以他们把监狱称为“房间”，把刽子手称为“公共人物”，把 Furies（Erinyes）称为“Eumenides”（“友善的人”）或“庄严的女神”。 “[安提诺波利斯的赫拉迪乌斯，公元4世纪，引自福提乌斯]\"}],[\"$\",\"blockquote\",\"4\",{\"className\":\"bq-origin\",\"children\":[\"Thus, in our dialect, a vicious man is a man of pleasure, a sharper is one that plays the whole game, a lady is said to have an affair, a gentleman to be a gallant, a rogue in business to be one that knows the world. By this means, we have no such things as sots, debauchees, whores, rogues, or the like, in the \",[\"$\",\"i\",\"1\",{\"className\":\"foreign notranslate\",\"children\":\"beau monde\"}],\", who may enjoy their vices without incurring disagreeable appellations. 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