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Pandurang Sadashiv Khankhoje - Wikipedia

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data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87" title="पांडुरंग सदाशिव खानखोजे – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पांडुरंग सदाशिव खानखोजे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B5_%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%96%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%87" title="ਪਾਂਡੂਰੰਗ ਸਦਾਸ਼ਿਵ ਖਾਨਖੋਜੇ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪਾਂਡੂਰੰਗ ਸਦਾਸ਼ਿਵ ਖਾਨਖੋਜੇ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9C%E0%AF%8D" title="பாண்டுரங்க சதாசிவ காங்கோஜ் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பாண்டுரங்க சதாசிவ காங்கோஜ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7130772#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Pandurang Sadashiv Khankhoje</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Pandurang_Khankhoje.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/19/Pandurang_Khankhoje.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="254" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="254" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">P S Khankhoje</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">7 November 1883<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Wardha" title="Wardha">Wardha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">22 January 1967<span style="display:none">&#160;(<span class="dtend dday deathdate">1967-01-23</span>)</span> (aged&#160;83)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Nagpur" title="Nagpur">Nagpur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Organization(s)</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghadar Party">Ghadar Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Committee" title="Berlin Committee">Berlin Committee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India" title="Communist Party of India">Communist Party of India</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Movement</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy" title="Hindu–German Conspiracy">Hindu–German Conspiracy</a>, Indian Communism</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Pandurang Sadashiv Khankhoje</b> (7 November 1884 – 22 January 1967) was an Indian revolutionary, scholar, agricultural scientist and Statesman who was among the founding fathers of the <a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghadar Party">Ghadar Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandurang_Sadashiv_Khankhoje&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Khankhoje was born in November 1884 to a <a href="/wiki/Marathi_people" title="Marathi people">Marathi</a> <a href="/wiki/Deshastha_Brahmin" title="Deshastha Brahmin">Deshastha Rigvedi Brahmin</a> (DRB) family at <a href="/wiki/Wardha" title="Wardha">Wardha</a>, where his father worked as a petition-writer.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESen1973408_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESen1973408-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Young Khankhoje spent his childhood in Wardha, where he completed his primary and middle school education before moving to <a href="/wiki/Nagpur" title="Nagpur">Nagpur</a> for higher education. He was at the time inspired by the nationalist work of <a href="/wiki/Bal_Gangadhar_Tilak" title="Bal Gangadhar Tilak">Bal Gangadhar Tilak</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-statue_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-statue-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> At some time in the first decade of the 1900s, Khankhoje left India on a voyage that ultimately saw him settle in the United States. Here he enrolled in the Washington State College (now called <a href="/wiki/Washington_State_University" title="Washington State University">Washington State University</a>), graduating in 1913.His grand father was Vyankatesh Khankhoje . Brother's name was chaphekar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indian_independence_activities">Indian independence activities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandurang_Sadashiv_Khankhoje&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Indian independence activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Khankhoje's earliest nationalist work abroad dates back to the time around 1908 when he, along with <a href="/wiki/Pandit_Kanshi_Ram" title="Pandit Kanshi Ram">Pandit Kanshi Ram</a> founded the Indian Independence League in <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a>. His works also brought him close to other Indian nationalists in United States at the time, including <a href="/wiki/Tarak_Nath_Das" title="Tarak Nath Das">Tarak Nath Das</a>. In the years preceding World War I, Khankhoje was one of the founding members of the Pacific coast Hindustan association, and subsequently founded the Ghadar Party. He was at the time one of the most influential members of the party. He met <a href="/wiki/Lala_Har_Dayal" class="mw-redirect" title="Lala Har Dayal">Lala Har Dayal</a> in 1911. He also enrolled at one point in a West Coast military academy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Activities_during_World_War_I">Activities during World War I</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandurang_Sadashiv_Khankhoje&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Activities during World War I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Through World War I, Khankhoje was intricately involved in the <a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy" title="Hindu–German Conspiracy">Hindu–German Conspiracy</a> when he was involved in the plans for the mutiny. He visited Europe during the war and subsequently went to <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> along with other members of what was the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Committee" title="Berlin Committee">Berlin Committee</a>. In the summer of 1915, he worked clandestinely among troops of the Indian expeditionary force, spreading nationalist literature and hoping to incite a mutiny. Through the course of the war, Khankhoje made his way through Turkey and Persia under different Muslim guises as far as Baluchistan, spreading Ghadarite propaganda en route. He is known to have attempted insurrections and raised at the Iran-Baluchistan border while <a href="/wiki/Mahendra_Pratap" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahendra Pratap">Mahendra Pratap</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Niedermayer%E2%80%93Hentig_Expedition" title="Niedermayer–Hentig Expedition">Indo-German expedition</a> attempted to rally the Afghan Emir <a href="/wiki/Habibullah_Khan" title="Habibullah Khan">Habibullah Khan</a> against British India. Towards the end of the war, Khankhoje, like most of the members of the Berlin committee, began turning towards communism. He is known to have been in <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> in company of the earliest Indian communist, including <a href="/wiki/Virendranath_Chattopadhyaya" title="Virendranath Chattopadhyaya">Virendranath Chattopadhyaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/M._P._T._Acharya" title="M. P. T. Acharya">M. P. T. Acharya</a>, <a href="/wiki/M._N._Roy" title="M. N. Roy">M. N. Roy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdur_Rab_Barq&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdur Rab Barq (page does not exist)">Abdur Rab Barq</a>. He met <a href="/wiki/Lenin" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenin">Lenin</a> at Moscow in 1921. For his nationalist work at the time, Khankhoje was banned from returning to India as a highly dangerous individual. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academic_career">Academic career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandurang_Sadashiv_Khankhoje&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Academic career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Khankhoje later moved to Mexico in the 1920s, where he was the professor of Botany and Crop Breeding in the National School of Agriculture of Mexico. In 1936, Khankhoje married Jean Alexandrine Sindic, a Belgian woman in Mexico by whom he had two daughters. He led the Mexican corn breeding programme and was appointed director to the Mexican Government's department of Agriculture. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SEP_Our_Bread.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Mural that features Khankhoje" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/SEP_Our_Bread.JPG/220px-SEP_Our_Bread.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/SEP_Our_Bread.JPG/330px-SEP_Our_Bread.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/SEP_Our_Bread.JPG/440px-SEP_Our_Bread.JPG 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption><i>Our Bread</i> (1938), mural by Diego Rivera with Khankhoje seated at the centre, located at the Mexican Secretariat of Public Education.</figcaption></figure> <p>Khankhoje features on a mural at <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_Public_Education_(Mexico)" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretariat of Public Education (Mexico)">Secretariat of Public Education (Mexico)</a> painted by <a href="/wiki/Diego_Rivera" title="Diego Rivera">Diego Rivera</a>, which is almost reminiscent of the <a href="/wiki/Last_Supper" title="Last Supper">Last Supper</a>. He heads a table and breaks the bread with a big knife. A farmer and a soldier stand on the either side with people from different nations sitting around the table. Mexico is represented by the child wearing overalls.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Return_to_India_and_later_years">Return to India and later years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandurang_Sadashiv_Khankhoje&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Return to India and later years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both Khankhoje and Jean returned to India after 1947. His application for visa was initially rejected by the Indian government due to the ban by the British Indian Government, but was eventually overturned. He settled in Nagpur and subsequently embarked on a political career. Pandurang Khankhoje died on 22 January 1967. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandurang_Sadashiv_Khankhoje&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In August 2022, <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Lok_Sabha" title="Speaker of the Lok Sabha">Speaker of the Lok Sabha</a> <a href="/wiki/Om_Birla" title="Om Birla">Om Birla</a> unveiled Khankhoje's statue during his visit to Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-statue_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-statue-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandurang_Sadashiv_Khankhoje&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSawhney2008" class="citation book cs1">Sawhney, Savitri (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://grfdt.com/PublicationDetails.aspx?Type=Book%20Review&amp;TabId=21"><i>I Shall never ask for Pardon: A Memoir of Pandurang Khankhoje</i></a>. New Delhi: <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Books" title="Penguin Books">Penguin Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780143063766" title="Special:BookSources/9780143063766"><bdi>9780143063766</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=I+Shall+never+ask+for+Pardon%3A+A+Memoir+of+Pandurang+Khankhoje&amp;rft.place=New+Delhi&amp;rft.pub=Penguin+Books&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=9780143063766&amp;rft.aulast=Sawhney&amp;rft.aufirst=Savitri&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgrfdt.com%2FPublicationDetails.aspx%3FType%3DBook%2520Review%26TabId%3D21&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APandurang+Sadashiv+Khankhoje" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESen1973408-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESen1973408_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSen1973">Sen 1973</a>, p.&#160;408.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGajānana_Viśvanātha_Ketakara1966" class="citation book cs1">Gajānana Viśvanātha Ketakara (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uJFTAAAAYAAJ"><i>Raṇajhuũnjhāra Dô&#160;: Pã</i></a>. Kāḷa Prakāśana. p.&#160;1. <q>पांडुरंग सदाशिव खानखोजे हे देशस्थ ऋग्वेदी ब्राह्मण कुळातले आहेत.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Ra%E1%B9%87ajhu%C5%A9njh%C4%81ra+D%C3%B4+%3A+P%C3%A3&amp;rft.pages=1&amp;rft.pub=K%C4%81%E1%B8%B7a+Prak%C4%81%C5%9Bana&amp;rft.date=1966&amp;rft.au=Gaj%C4%81nana+Vi%C5%9Bvan%C4%81tha+Ketakara&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuJFTAAAAYAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APandurang+Sadashiv+Khankhoje" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-statue-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-statue_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-statue_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loksatta.com/explained/loksatta-explained-on-who-was-pandurang-khankhoje-indian-freedom-fighter-hero-of-mexico-pbs-91-3087590/">"विश्लेषण&#160;: महाराष्ट्राच्या सुपुत्राचा मेक्सिकोत पुतळा, कोण होते स्वातंत्र्यसैनिक पांडुरंग खानखोजे?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Loksatta" title="Loksatta">Loksatta</a></i> (in Marathi). 23 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Loksatta&amp;rft.atitle=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3+%3A+%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A4+%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%BE%2C+%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A3+%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87+%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95+%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97+%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87%3F&amp;rft.date=2022-08-23&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loksatta.com%2Fexplained%2Floksatta-explained-on-who-was-pandurang-khankhoje-indian-freedom-fighter-hero-of-mexico-pbs-91-3087590%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APandurang+Sadashiv+Khankhoje" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bengaluru.sciencegallery.com/phytopia/exhibits/pandurang-khankhoje/archive">"Pandurang Khankhoje | Archive"</a>. <i>Science Gallery Bengaluru</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Science+Gallery+Bengaluru&amp;rft.atitle=Pandurang+Khankhoje+%7C+Archive&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbengaluru.sciencegallery.com%2Fphytopia%2Fexhibits%2Fpandurang-khankhoje%2Farchive&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APandurang+Sadashiv+Khankhoje" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2022" class="citation news cs1">Singh, Rishika (22 August 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-who-was-pandurang-khankhoje-ghadarite-revolutionary-and-a-hero-of-mexico-8105384/">"Explained: Who was Pandurang Khankhoje, Ghadarite revolutionary and a hero of Mexico?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Indian_Express" title="The Indian Express">The Indian Express</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&amp;rft.atitle=Explained%3A+Who+was+Pandurang+Khankhoje%2C+Ghadarite+revolutionary+and+a+hero+of+Mexico%3F&amp;rft.date=2022-08-22&amp;rft.aulast=Singh&amp;rft.aufirst=Rishika&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Fexplained%2Fexplained-who-was-pandurang-khankhoje-ghadarite-revolutionary-and-a-hero-of-mexico-8105384%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APandurang+Sadashiv+Khankhoje" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSen1973" class="citation book cs1">Sen, S.P. (1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.100394/page/n5"><i>Dictionary of National Biography</i></a>. Institute of Historical Studies, Calcutta.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+National+Biography&amp;rft.pub=Institute+of+Historical+Studies%2C+Calcutta&amp;rft.date=1973&amp;rft.aulast=Sen&amp;rft.aufirst=S.P.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.100394%2Fpage%2Fn5&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APandurang+Sadashiv+Khankhoje" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Asian American Studies: A Reader</i>. By Jean Yu-wen Shen Wu, Min Song. p40.</li> <li><i>The White Woman's Other Burden: Western Women and South Asia</i>. Kumari Jayawardena. p226</li> <li><i>India-Mexico&#160;: Similarities and Encounters</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eva_Alexandra_Uchmany&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eva Alexandra Uchmany (page does not exist)">Eva Alexandra Uchmany</a>.</li> <li><i>Encyclopaedia of Political Parties</i>. O. P. Radhan. p259.</li> <li><i>Har Dayal, Hindu Revolutionary and Rationalist</i>. Emily Clara Brown. p 136</li> <li><i>Dictionary of national biography</i>. Sibapada Sen. p333</li> <li><i>Freedom to Breathe: The Revolutionaries' Legacy to India</i>. Tribhuvan Nath.p69.</li> <li><i>The Soviets and the Indian Revolutionary Movement, 1917-1929</i>. Ashok Kumar Patnaik- Page 89</li> <li><i>Bulletin of the Hindusthan Association</i>, No. 1 August 1913, p16</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandurang_Sadashiv_Khankhoje&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.centralsikhmuseum.com/gallery/gadar-party/">A Gallery on Gadar Party</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saadigitalarchive.org/entity/pandurang-khankhoje">Pandurang Khankhoje materials in the South Asian American Digital Archive (SAADA)</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_independence_movement" title="Indian independence movement">Indian independence movement</a> (<a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_movement_for_Indian_independence" title="Revolutionary movement for Indian independence">militant</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shyamji_Krishna_Varma" title="Shyamji Krishna Varma">Shyamji Krishna Varma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhikaiji_Cama" title="Bhikaiji Cama">Bhikaiji Cama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_House" title="India House">India House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anushilan_Samiti" title="Anushilan Samiti">Anushilan Samiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jugantar" title="Jugantar">Jugantar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alipore_Bomb_Case" class="mw-redirect" title="Alipore Bomb Case">Alipore Bomb Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_conspiracy_case" title="Delhi conspiracy case">Delhi Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:India_House" title="Category:India House"><i>More</i></a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ghadar_di_gunj.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ghadar_di_gunj.jpg/80px-Ghadar_di_gunj.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ghadar_di_gunj.jpg/120px-Ghadar_di_gunj.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ghadar_di_gunj.jpg/160px-Ghadar_di_gunj.jpg 2x" data-file-width="341" data-file-height="539" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ghadar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Har_Dayal" title="Har Dayal">Hardayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohan_Singh_Bhakna" title="Sohan Singh Bhakna">Sohan Singh</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pandurang Khankhoje</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Ghadar" title="Hindustan Ghadar">Hindustan Ghadar</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadar_di_gunj" title="Ghadar di gunj">Ghadar di gunj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Movement" title="Ghadar Movement">Ghadar Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarak_Nath_Das" title="Tarak Nath Das">Tarak Nath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guran_Ditt_Kumar" title="Guran Ditt Kumar">Guran Ditt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Gurdit_Singh" title="Baba Gurdit Singh">Baba Gurdit Singh</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Komagata_Maru_incident" title="Komagata Maru incident">Komagata Maru</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagwan_Singh_Gyanee" title="Bhagwan Singh Gyanee">Bhagwan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhai_Parmanand" title="Bhai Parmanand">Bhai Parmanand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Chandra_Bharadwaj" title="Ram Chandra Bharadwaj">Ram Chandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartar_Singh_Sarabha" title="Kartar Singh Sarabha">Kartar Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Ganesh_Pingle" title="Vishnu Ganesh Pingle">Vishnu Pingle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandit_Kanshi_Ram" title="Pandit Kanshi Ram">Kanshi Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Smedley" title="Agnes Smedley">Agnes Smedley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ghadar_Party" title="Category:Ghadar Party"><i>More</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Committee" title="Berlin Committee">Berlin Committee</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virendranath_Chattopadhyaya" title="Virendranath Chattopadhyaya">Chatto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chempakaraman_Pillai" title="Chempakaraman Pillai">Champak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._R._Pillai" title="A. R. Pillai">A. R. Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._P._T._Acharya" title="M. P. T. Acharya">M. P. T. Acharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hafiz_Mohamed_Barakatullah" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdul Hafiz Mohamed Barakatullah">Barkatullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhupendranath_Datta" title="Bhupendranath Datta">Bhupendranath Datta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abhinash_Bhattacharya" class="mw-redirect" title="Abhinash Bhattacharya">Abhinash Bhattacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahendra_Pratap" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahendra Pratap">Mahendra Pratap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herambalal_Gupta" title="Herambalal Gupta">Herambalal Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy" title="Category:Hindu–German Conspiracy"><i>More</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indian figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bagha_Jatin" title="Bagha Jatin">Bagha Jatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rash_Behari_Bose" title="Rash Behari Bose">Rash Behari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachindra_Nath_Sanyal" title="Sachindra Nath Sanyal">Sachin Sanyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhavabhushan_Mitra" title="Bhavabhushan Mitra">Bhavabhushan Mitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._N._Roy" title="M. N. Roy">M. N. Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giani_Pritam_Singh_Dhillon" title="Giani Pritam Singh Dhillon">Pritam Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarendranath_Chatterjee" title="Amarendranath Chatterjee">Amarendranath Chatterjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atulkrishna_Ghosh" title="Atulkrishna Ghosh">Atulkrishna Ghosh</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deobandi" class="mw-redirect" title="Deobandi">Deobandi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_al-Hasan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahmud al-Hasan">Mahmud al-Hasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubaidullah_Sindhi" title="Ubaidullah Sindhi">Ubaidullah Sindhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Mian_Mansoor_Ansari" title="Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari">Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_Amba_Prasad" title="Sufi Amba Prasad">Sufi Amba Prasad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Revolutionary_movement_for_Indian_independence" title="Category:Revolutionary movement for Indian independence"><i>More</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">German figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theobald_von_Bethmann_Hollweg" title="Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg">Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Zimmermann" title="Arthur Zimmermann">Zimmermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau_for_the_East" title="Intelligence Bureau for the East">Intelligence Bureau for the East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_von_Oppenheim" title="Max von Oppenheim">Max von Oppenheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_von_Papen" title="Franz von Papen">Papen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Heinrich_von_Bernstorff" title="Johann Heinrich von Bernstorff">von Bernstorff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Rodiek" title="George Rodiek">George Rodiek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Otto_von_Hentig" title="Werner Otto von Hentig">Hentig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oskar_von_Niedermayer" title="Oskar von Niedermayer">Niedermayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy" title="Category:Hindu–German Conspiracy"><i>More</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conspiracy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Larsen_affair" title="Annie Larsen affair">Annie Larsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Maverick" title="SS Maverick">SS <i>Maverick</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Mutiny" title="Ghadar Mutiny">February plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_Singapore_Mutiny" title="1915 Singapore Mutiny">Singapore mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Conspiracy_Case_trial" title="Lahore Conspiracy Case trial">Lahore Conspiracy Case trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Day_Plot" title="Christmas Day Plot">Christmas Day Plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silk_Letter_Movement" title="Silk Letter Movement">Silk Letter Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niedermayer%E2%80%93Hentig_Expedition" title="Niedermayer–Hentig Expedition">Kabul Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_India" title="Provisional Government of India">Provisional Government of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy_Trial" title="Hindu–German Conspiracy Trial">Hindu–German Conspiracy Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy" title="Category:Hindu–German Conspiracy"><i>More</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/British_counter-intelligence_against_the_Indian_revolutionary_movement_during_World_War_I" title="British counter-intelligence against the Indian revolutionary movement during World War I">Counter-intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W._C._Hopkinson" class="mw-redirect" title="W. C. Hopkinson">W. C. Hopkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wallinger" title="John Wallinger">John Wallinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Political_Intelligence_Office" title="Indian Political Intelligence Office">Indian Political Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_Thomson" title="Basil Thomson">Basil Thomson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MI5(g)" title="MI5(g)">MI5(g)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernon_Kell" title="Vernon Kell">Vernon Kell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nathan_(intelligence_officer)" title="Robert Nathan (intelligence officer)">Robert Nathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirpal_Singh_(spy)" title="Kirpal Singh (spy)">Kirpal Singh</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oren_(spy)" title="Oren (spy)">Oren</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Kraft" title="Vincent Kraft">Vincent Kraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_William_Wiseman,_10th_Baronet" title="Sir William Wiseman, 10th Baronet">William Wiseman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Tegart" title="Charles Tegart">Charles Tegart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Gaunt" title="Guy Gaunt">Guy Gaunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Somerset_Maugham" title="W. Somerset Maugham">W. Somerset Maugham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seistan_Force" title="Seistan Force">East Persia Cordon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T._E._Lawrence" title="T. E. Lawrence">Lawrence of Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_of_India_Act_1915" title="Defence of India Act 1915">Defence of India Act 1915</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingress_into_India_Ordinance,_1914" title="Ingress into India Ordinance, 1914">Ingress into India Ordinance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Rowlatt" title="Sidney Rowlatt">Sidney Rowlatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowlatt_Committee" title="Rowlatt Committee">Rowlatt Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jallianwala_Bagh_massacre" title="Jallianwala Bagh massacre">Jallianwala Bagh massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Asianism" title="Pan-Asianism">Pan-Asianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dyama_Mitsuru" title="Tōyama Mitsuru">Tōyama Mitsuru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Indian_Revolutionary_Movement" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indian_Revolutionary_Movement" title="Template:Indian Revolutionary Movement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indian_Revolutionary_Movement" title="Template talk:Indian Revolutionary Movement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indian_Revolutionary_Movement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indian Revolutionary Movement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indian_Revolutionary_Movement" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_movement_for_Indian_independence" title="Revolutionary movement for Indian independence">Indian Revolutionary Movement</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abhinav_Bharat_Society" title="Abhinav Bharat Society">Abhinav Bharat Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anushilan_Samiti" title="Anushilan Samiti">Anushilan Samiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Volunteers" title="Bengal Volunteers">Bengal Volunteers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Committee" title="Berlin Committee">Berlin Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Consolidation" title="Communist Consolidation">Communist Consolidation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhaka_Anushilan_Samiti" title="Dhaka Anushilan Samiti">Dhaka Anushilan Samiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghadar Party">Ghadar Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Socialist_Republican_Association" title="Hindustan Socialist Republican Association">Hindustan Socialist Republican Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_House" title="India House">India House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jugantar" title="Jugantar">Jugantar</a> (Yugantar)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naujawan_Bharat_Sabha" title="Naujawan Bharat Sabha">Naujawan Bharat Sabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Indian_Society" title="Paris Indian Society">Paris Indian Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_and_Peasants_Party_(India)" title="Workers and Peasants Party (India)">Workers and Peasants Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abinash_Chandra_Bhattacharya" title="Abinash Chandra Bhattacharya">Abinash Chandra Bhattacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambika_Chakrabarty" title="Ambika Chakrabarty">Ambika Chakrabarty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajoy_Ghosh" title="Ajoy Ghosh">Ajoy Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alluri_Sitarama_Raju" title="Alluri Sitarama Raju">Alluri Sitarama Raju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anant_Laxman_Kanhere" title="Anant Laxman Kanhere">Anant Laxman Kanhere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananta_Singh" title="Ananta Singh">Ananta Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anantahari_Mitra" title="Anantahari Mitra">Anantahari Mitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashfaqulla_Khan" title="Ashfaqulla Khan">Ashfaqulla Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atul_Krishna_Ghosh" class="mw-redirect" title="Atul Krishna Ghosh">Atul Krishna Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badal_Gupta" title="Badal Gupta">Badal Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagha_Jatin" title="Bagha Jatin">Bagha Jatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baikuntha_Shukla" title="Baikuntha Shukla">Baikuntha Shukla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banwari_Lal_(revolutionary)" title="Banwari Lal (revolutionary)">Banwari Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basanta_Kumar_Biswas" title="Basanta Kumar Biswas">Basanta Kumar Biswas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basawon_Singh" title="Basawon Singh">Basawon Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batukeshwar_Dutt" title="Batukeshwar Dutt">Batukeshwar Dutt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benoy_Basu" title="Benoy Basu">Benoy Basu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Singh" title="Bhagat Singh">Bhagat Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagwan_Singh_Gyanee" title="Bhagwan Singh Gyanee">Bhagwan Singh Gyanee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagwati_Charan_Vohra" title="Bhagwati Charan Vohra">Bhagwati Charan Vohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhai_Balmukund" title="Bhai Balmukund">Bhai Balmukund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhai_Parmanand" title="Bhai Parmanand">Bhai Parmanand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhupendra_Kumar_Datta" title="Bhupendra Kumar Datta">Bhupendra Kumar Datta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhupendranath_Datta" title="Bhupendranath Datta">Bhupendranath Datta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhavabhushan_Mitra" title="Bhavabhushan Mitra">Bhavabhushan Mitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bina_Das" title="Bina Das">Bina Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binod_Bihari_Chowdhury" title="Binod Bihari Chowdhury">Binod Bihari Chowdhury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bipin_Behari_Ganguli" title="Bipin Behari Ganguli">Bipin Behari Ganguli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chempakaraman_Pillai" title="Chempakaraman Pillai">Chempakaraman Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandra_Shekhar_Azad" title="Chandra Shekhar Azad">Chandra Shekhar Azad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittapriya_Ray_Chaudhuri" title="Chittapriya Ray Chaudhuri">Chittapriya Ray Chaudhuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deba_Gupta" title="Deba Gupta">Deba Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinesh_Gupta" title="Dinesh Gupta">Dinesh Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durgawati_Devi" title="Durgawati Devi">Durgawati Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesh_Damodar_Savarkar" title="Ganesh Damodar Savarkar">Ganesh Damodar Savarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesh_Ghosh" title="Ganesh Ghosh">Ganesh Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaya_Prasad_Katiyar" title="Gaya Prasad Katiyar">Gaya Prasad Katiyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulab_Kaur" title="Gulab Kaur">Gulab Kaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guran_Ditt_Kumar" title="Guran Ditt Kumar">Guran Ditt Kumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har_Dayal" title="Har Dayal">Har Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hare_Krishna_Konar" title="Hare Krishna Konar">Hare Krishna Konar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haridas_Dutta" title="Haridas Dutta">Haridas Dutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harigopal_Bal" title="Harigopal Bal">Harigopal Bal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Kishan_Talwar" title="Hari Kishan Talwar">Hari Kishan Talwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harnam_Singh_Saini" title="Harnam Singh Saini">Harnam Singh Saini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemchandra_Kanungo" title="Hemchandra Kanungo">Hemchandra Kanungo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemu_Kalani" title="Hemu Kalani">Hemu Kalani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jadugopal_Mukherjee" title="Jadugopal Mukherjee">Jadugopal Mukherjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatindra_Nath_Das" title="Jatindra Nath Das">Jatindra Nath Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiban_Ghoshal" title="Jiban Ghoshal">Jiban Ghoshal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnanendra_Das_Gupta" title="Jnanendra Das Gupta">Jnanendra Das Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jogesh_Chandra_Chatterjee" title="Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee">Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanailal_Dutta" title="Kanailal Dutta">Kanailal Dutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpana_Datta" title="Kalpana Datta">Kalpana Datta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalyani_Das" title="Kalyani Das">Kalyani Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnaji_Gopal_Karve" title="Krishnaji Gopal Karve">Krishnaji Gopal Karve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartar_Singh_Sarabha" title="Kartar Singh Sarabha">Kartar Singh Sarabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandit_Kishori_Lal" title="Pandit Kishori Lal">Kishori Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khudiram_Bose" title="Khudiram Bose">Khudiram Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunwar_Pratap_Singh_Barhath" title="Kunwar Pratap Singh Barhath">Kunwar Pratap Singh Barhath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushal_Konwar" title="Kushal Konwar">Kushal Konwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lokenath_Bal" title="Lokenath Bal">Lokenath Bal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madan_Lal_Dhingra" title="Madan Lal Dhingra">Madan Lal Dhingra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavir_Singh_(revolutionary)" title="Mahavir Singh (revolutionary)">Mahavir Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manmath_Nath_Gupta" title="Manmath Nath Gupta">Manmath Nath Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manoranjan_Bhattacharya_(revolutionary)" title="Manoranjan Bhattacharya (revolutionary)">Manoranjan Bhattacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matangini_Hazra" title="Matangini Hazra">Matangini Hazra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohit_Moitra" title="Mohit Moitra">Mohit Moitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohan_Kishore_Namadas" title="Mohan Kishore Namadas">Mohan Kishore Namadas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motilal_Roy" title="Motilal Roy">Motilal Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._P._T._Acharya" title="M. P. T. Acharya">M. P. T. Acharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukundi_Lal" title="Mukundi Lal">Mukundi Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munsha_Singh_Dukhi" title="Munsha Singh Dukhi">Munsha Singh Dukhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narendra_Mohan_Sen" title="Narendra Mohan Sen">Narendra Mohan Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niralamba_Swami" title="Niralamba Swami">Niralamba Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niranjan_Sengupta" title="Niranjan Sengupta">Niranjan Sengupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirmal_Jibon_Ghosh" title="Nirmal Jibon Ghosh">Nirmal Jibon Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandit_Kanshi_Ram" title="Pandit Kanshi Ram">Pandit Kanshi Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchanan_Chakraborty" title="Panchanan Chakraborty">Panchanan Chakraborty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandurang_Mahadev_Bapat" title="Pandurang Mahadev Bapat">Pandurang Mahadev Bapat</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pandurang Sadashiv Khankhoje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prafulla_Chaki" title="Prafulla Chaki">Prafulla Chaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramod_Ranjan_Choudhury" title="Pramod Ranjan Choudhury">Pramod Ranjan Choudhury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratul_Chandra_Ganguli" title="Pratul Chandra Ganguli">Pratul Chandra Ganguli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pradyot_Kumar_Bhattacharya" title="Pradyot Kumar Bhattacharya">Pradyot Kumar Bhattacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prem_Krishna_Khanna" title="Prem Krishna Khanna">Prem Krishna Khanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pritilata_Waddedar" title="Pritilata Waddedar">Pritilata Waddedar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulin_Behari_Das" title="Pulin Behari Das">Pulin Behari Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._V._Kurian" title="P. V. Kurian">P. V. Kurian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajat_Sen" title="Rajat Sen">Rajat Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajendra_Lahiri" title="Rajendra Lahiri">Rajendra Lahiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Chandra_Bharadwaj" title="Ram Chandra Bharadwaj">Ram Chandra Bharadwaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramakrishna_Biswas" title="Ramakrishna Biswas">Ramakrishna Biswas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Prasad_Bismil" title="Ram Prasad Bismil">Ram Prasad Bismil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Rakha" title="Ram Rakha">Ram Rakha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rash_Behari_Bose" title="Rash Behari Bose">Rash Behari Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roshan_Singh" title="Roshan Singh">Roshan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachindra_Bakshi" title="Sachindra Bakshi">Sachindra Bakshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachindra_Nath_Sanyal" title="Sachindra Nath Sanyal">Sachindra Nath Sanyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santosh_Kumar_Mitra" title="Santosh Kumar Mitra">Santosh Kumar Mitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyendranath_Bosu" title="Satyendranath Bosu">Satyendranath Bosu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satish_Sardar" title="Satish Sardar">Satish Sardar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiv_Verma" title="Shiv Verma">Shiv Verma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shivaram_Rajguru" title="Shivaram Rajguru">Shivaram Rajguru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrish_Chandra_Ghosh" title="Shrish Chandra Ghosh">Shrish Chandra Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shyamji_Krishna_Varma" title="Shyamji Krishna Varma">Shyamji Krishna Varma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohan_Singh_Bhakna" title="Sohan Singh Bhakna">Sohan Singh Bhakna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohanlal_Pathak" title="Sohanlal Pathak">Sohanlal Pathak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Sri Aurobindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srish_Pal" title="Srish Pal">Srish Pal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subodh_Roy" title="Subodh Roy">Subodh Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhdev_Thapar" title="Sukhdev Thapar">Sukhdev Thapar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suniti_Choudhury" title="Suniti Choudhury">Suniti Choudhury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surya_Sen" title="Surya Sen">Surya Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarak_Nath_Das" title="Tarak Nath Das">Tarak Nath Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarakeswar_Dastidar" title="Tarakeswar Dastidar">Tarakeswar Dastidar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarakeswar_Sengupta" title="Tarakeswar Sengupta">Tarakeswar Sengupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thakur_Kesari_Singh_Barhath" title="Thakur Kesari Singh Barhath">Thakur Kesari Singh Barhath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thakur_Zorawar_Singh_Barhath" title="Thakur Zorawar Singh Barhath">Thakur Zorawar Singh Barhath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udham_Singh" title="Udham Singh">Udham Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ullaskar_Dutta" title="Ullaskar Dutta">Ullaskar Dutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._V._S._Aiyar" title="V. V. S. Aiyar">V. V. S. Aiyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanchinathan" title="Vanchinathan">Vanchinathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veer_Bhai_Kotwal" title="Veer Bhai Kotwal">Veer Bhai Kotwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinayak_Damodar_Savarkar" title="Vinayak Damodar Savarkar">Vinayak Damodar Savarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virendranath_Chattopadhyaya" title="Virendranath Chattopadhyaya">Virendranath Chattopadhyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Ganesh_Pingle" title="Vishnu Ganesh Pingle">Vishnu Ganesh Pingle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishwanath_Vaishampayan" title="Vishwanath Vaishampayan">Vishwanath Vaishampayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogendra_Shukla" title="Yogendra Shukla">Yogendra Shukla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bande_Mataram_(publication)" title="Bande Mataram (publication)">Bande Mataram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bande_Mataram_(Paris_publication)" title="Bande Mataram (Paris publication)">Bande Mataram (Paris)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Ghadar" title="Hindustan Ghadar">Hindustan Ghadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jugantar_Patrika" title="Jugantar Patrika">Jugantar Patrika</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alipore_Bomb_case" class="mw-redirect" title="Alipore Bomb case">Alipore Bomb case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barisal_Conspiracy_Case" title="Barisal Conspiracy Case">Barisal Conspiracy Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong_Armoury_Raid" class="mw-redirect" title="Chittagong Armoury Raid">Chittagong Armoury Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Day_Plot" title="Christmas Day Plot">Christmas Day Plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_conspiracy_case" title="Delhi conspiracy case">Delhi conspiracy case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Conspiracy_Commission" title="Delhi Conspiracy Commission">Delhi Conspiracy Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadar_Mutiny" title="Ghadar Mutiny">Ghadar Mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93German_Conspiracy_Trial" title="Hindu–German Conspiracy Trial">Hindu–German Conspiracy Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howrah-Sibpur_Conspiracy_case" title="Howrah-Sibpur Conspiracy case">Howrah-Sibpur Conspiracy case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakori_conspiracy" title="Kakori conspiracy">Kakori conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Conspiracy_Case_trial" title="Lahore Conspiracy Case trial">Lahore Conspiracy Case trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodda_company_arms_heist" title="Rodda company arms heist">Rodda company arms heist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000047900728">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/6701217">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1944841/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJvRRtwkY9YJXVP4H7hPwC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n97923834">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" 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