Use Pub/Sub with Cloud Run tutorial | Cloud Run Documentation

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track-metadata-position="nav"> Contact Us </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="//console.cloud.google.com/freetrial" class="cloud-free-trial-button cta-button-primary button-primary button cloud-button cloud-button--primary" track-type="freeTrial" referrerpolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" track-metadata-position="nav" data-overflow="devsite-top-logo-row" track-metadata-eventDetail="nav" track-name="gcpCta" data-overflow-container="right" data-overflow-class="devsite-header-link devsite-top-button button cloud-free-trial-button cloud-free-trial-enabled cloud-button cloud-button--primary" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Start free" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Start free </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-mobile-nav-bottom"> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="_book"> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Discover </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/overview/what-is-cloud-run" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/overview/what-is-cloud-run" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/overview/what-is-cloud-run" >Product overview</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/resource-model" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/resource-model" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/resource-model" >Cloud Run resource model</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/container-contract" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/container-contract" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/container-contract" >Container runtime contract</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/fit-for-run" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/fit-for-run" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/fit-for-run" >Is my service a good fit for Cloud Run?</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-preview"><a href="/run/docs/functions-with-run" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/functions-with-run" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/functions-with-run" >When should I deploy a function?</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Get started </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts" >Overview</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Deploy a sample web service </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/deploy-container" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/deploy-container" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/deploy-container" >Deploy a sample container</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/deploy-continuously" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/deploy-continuously" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/deploy-continuously" >Create template repository and deploy from a git repository</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Deploy a Hello World service from source code </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-go-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-go-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-go-service" >Go</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-nodejs-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-nodejs-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-nodejs-service" >Node.js</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-python-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-python-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-python-service" >Python</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-java-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-java-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-java-service" >Java</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-kotlin-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-kotlin-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-kotlin-service" >Kotlin</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-dotnet-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-dotnet-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-dotnet-service" >C#</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-c-plus-plus-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-c-plus-plus-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-c-plus-plus-service" >C++</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-php-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-php-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-php-service" >PHP</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-ruby-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-ruby-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-ruby-service" >Ruby</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-service-other-languages" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-service-other-languages" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/build-and-deploy/deploy-service-other-languages" >Other</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Frameworks </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/frameworks/frameworks-overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/frameworks/frameworks-overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/frameworks/frameworks-overview" >Overview</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/frameworks/deploy-angular-ssr-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/frameworks/deploy-angular-ssr-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/frameworks/deploy-angular-ssr-service" >Angular SSR</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/frameworks/deploy-nextjs-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/frameworks/deploy-nextjs-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/frameworks/deploy-nextjs-service" >Next.js</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/frameworks/deploy-nuxtjs-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/frameworks/deploy-nuxtjs-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/frameworks/deploy-nuxtjs-service" >Nuxt.js</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/frameworks/deploy-sveltekit-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/frameworks/deploy-sveltekit-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/frameworks/deploy-sveltekit-service" >SvelteKit</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Execute a sample job </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/create-execute" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/create-execute" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/create-execute" >Execute a job</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Execute a job from source code </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/build-create-go" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/build-create-go" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/build-create-go" >Go</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/build-create-nodejs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/build-create-nodejs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/build-create-nodejs" >Node.js</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/build-create-python" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/build-create-python" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/build-create-python" >Python</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/build-create-java" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/build-create-java" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/build-create-java" >Java</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/build-create-shell" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/build-create-shell" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/jobs/build-create-shell" >Shell</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-preview"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Deploy a sample function </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/functions/deploy-functions-console" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/functions/deploy-functions-console" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/functions/deploy-functions-console" >Deploy a function using the console</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/quickstarts/functions/deploy-functions-gcloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/quickstarts/functions/deploy-functions-gcloud" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/quickstarts/functions/deploy-functions-gcloud" >Deploy a function using gcloud</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Develop </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/setup" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/setup" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/setup" >Set up your environment</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Plan and prepare your service </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/developing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/developing" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/developing" >Develop your service</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/building/containerize-your-code" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/building/containerize-your-code" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/building/containerize-your-code" >Containerize your code</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/integrate/using-gcp-services" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/integrate/using-gcp-services" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/integrate/using-gcp-services" >Connect to Google Cloud services</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/system-packages" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/system-packages" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/system-packages" >Install a system package in your container</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/gcloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/gcloud" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/gcloud" >Run gcloud commands within your container</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/ai-agents" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/ai-agents" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/ai-agents" >Host AI agents</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-preview"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Plan and prepare your function </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/functions/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/functions/overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/functions/overview" >Overview</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Write functions </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/write-functions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/write-functions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/write-functions" >Overview</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/write-http-functions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/write-http-functions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/write-http-functions" >HTTP functions</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/write-cloudevents-functions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/write-cloudevents-functions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/write-cloudevents-functions" >CloudEvents functions</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Runtimes </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Node.js </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/runtimes/nodejs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/runtimes/nodejs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/runtimes/nodejs" >Overview</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/runtimes/nodejs-dependencies" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/runtimes/nodejs-dependencies" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/runtimes/nodejs-dependencies" >Node.js dependencies</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Python </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/runtimes/python" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/runtimes/python" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/runtimes/python" >Overview</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/runtimes/python-dependencies" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/runtimes/python-dependencies" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/runtimes/python-dependencies" >Python dependencies</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Go </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/runtimes/go" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/runtimes/go" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/runtimes/go" >Overview</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/runtimes/go-dependencies" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/runtimes/go-dependencies" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/runtimes/go-dependencies" >Go dependencies</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Java </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/runtimes/java" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/runtimes/java" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/runtimes/java" >Overview</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/runtimes/java-dependencies" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/runtimes/java-dependencies" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/runtimes/java-dependencies" >Java dependencies</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/runtimes/dotnet" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/runtimes/dotnet" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/runtimes/dotnet" >.NET</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/runtimes/ruby" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/runtimes/ruby" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/runtimes/ruby" >Ruby</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/runtimes/php" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/runtimes/php" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/runtimes/php" >PHP</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/local-dev-functions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/local-dev-functions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/local-dev-functions" >Local functions development</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/function-triggers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/function-triggers" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/function-triggers" >Function triggers</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Tutorials </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/function-returns-bigquery-query" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/function-returns-bigquery-query" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/function-returns-bigquery-query" >Create a function that returns BigQuery results</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/function-sends-query-to-spanner-database" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/function-sends-query-to-spanner-database" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/function-sends-query-to-spanner-database" >Create a function that returns Spanner results</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/codelabs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/codelabs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/codelabs" >Codelabs</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/functions/comparison" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/functions/comparison" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/functions/comparison" >Compare Cloud Run functions</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Build and test </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/building/containers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/building/containers" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/building/containers" >Build containers</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/building/functions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/building/functions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/building/functions" >Build functions</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/testing/local" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/testing/local" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/testing/local" >Local testing</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Serve HTTP requests </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Deploy services </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/deploying" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/deploying" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/deploying" >Deploy container images</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/continuous-deployment-with-cloud-build" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/continuous-deployment-with-cloud-build" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/continuous-deployment-with-cloud-build" >Continuous deployment from git</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/deploying-source-code" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/deploying-source-code" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/deploying-source-code" >Deploy from source code</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-preview"><a href="/run/docs/deploy-functions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/deploy-functions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/deploy-functions" >Deploy functions</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Serve web traffic </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/mapping-custom-domains" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/mapping-custom-domains" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/mapping-custom-domains" >Mapping custom domains</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/set-up-cdn" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/set-up-cdn" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/set-up-cdn" >Serving static assets with CDN</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/multiple-regions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/multiple-regions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/multiple-regions" >Serving traffic from multiple regions</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/session-affinity" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/session-affinity" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/session-affinity" >Enable session affinity</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/internet-proxy-nginx-sidecar" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/internet-proxy-nginx-sidecar" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/internet-proxy-nginx-sidecar" >Frontend proxying using Nginx</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Manage services </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/managing/services" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/managing/services" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/managing/services" >View, copy, or delete services</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/managing/revisions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/managing/revisions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/managing/revisions" >View or delete revisions</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/rollouts-rollbacks-traffic-migration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/rollouts-rollbacks-traffic-migration" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/rollouts-rollbacks-traffic-migration" >Traffic migration, gradual rollouts, rollbacks</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Configure services </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Capacity </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/memory-limits" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/memory-limits" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/memory-limits" >Memory limits</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/cpu" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/cpu" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/cpu" >CPU limits</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-preview"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> GPU </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/gpu" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/gpu" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/gpu" >GPU configuration</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/gpu-best-practices" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/gpu-best-practices" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/gpu-best-practices" >GPU performance best practices</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/gpu-gemma2-with-ollama" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/gpu-gemma2-with-ollama" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/gpu-gemma2-with-ollama" >Run LLM inference on Cloud Run GPUs with Ollama</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/gpu-gemma2-with-vllm" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/gpu-gemma2-with-vllm" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/gpu-gemma2-with-vllm" >Run LLM inference on Cloud Run GPUs with vLLM</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/gpu-opencv-with-cuda" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/gpu-opencv-with-cuda" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/gpu-opencv-with-cuda" >Run OpenCV on Cloud Run with GPU acceleration</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/gpu-gemma2-with-transformers-js" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/gpu-gemma2-with-transformers-js" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/gpu-gemma2-with-transformers-js" >Run LLM inference on Cloud Run GPUs with Hugging Face Transformers.js</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/gpu-llama3-with-tgi" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/gpu-llama3-with-tgi" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/gpu-llama3-with-tgi" >Run LLM inference on Cloud Run GPUs with Hugging Face TGI</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/request-timeout" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/request-timeout" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/request-timeout" >Request timeout</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Maximum concurrent requests </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/about-concurrency" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/about-concurrency" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/about-concurrency" >About maximum concurrent requests per instance</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/concurrency" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/concurrency" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/concurrency" >Configure maximum concurrent requests</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/billing-settings" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/billing-settings" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/billing-settings" >Billing</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/recommender" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/recommender" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/recommender" >Optimize service configurations with Recommender</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Environment </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/containers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/containers" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/containers" >Container port and entrypoint</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Environment variables </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/overview-environment-variables" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/overview-environment-variables" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/overview-environment-variables" >Overview</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/environment-variables" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/environment-variables" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/environment-variables" >Configure environment variables</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Volume mounts </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/cloud-storage-volume-mounts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/cloud-storage-volume-mounts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/cloud-storage-volume-mounts" >Cloud Storage volumes</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/nfs-volume-mounts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/nfs-volume-mounts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/nfs-volume-mounts" >NFS volumes</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/in-memory-volume-mounts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/in-memory-volume-mounts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/in-memory-volume-mounts" >In-memory volumes</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/using-network-file-systems" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/using-network-file-systems" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/using-network-file-systems" >Other network file systems</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Execution environment </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/about-execution-environments" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/about-execution-environments" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/about-execution-environments" >Overview</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/execution-environments" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/execution-environments" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/execution-environments" >Select an execution environment</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/healthchecks" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/healthchecks" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/healthchecks" >Container health checks</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/http2" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/http2" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/http2" >HTTP/2 requests</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/secrets" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/secrets" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/secrets" >Secrets</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/service-identity" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/service-identity" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/service-identity" >Service identity</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Autoscaling </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/about-instance-autoscaling" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/about-instance-autoscaling" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/about-instance-autoscaling" >About instance autoscaling</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Maximum instances </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/max-instances-limits" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/max-instances-limits" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/max-instances-limits" >About maximum instances</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/max-instances" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/max-instances" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/max-instances" >Configure maximum instances</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/min-instances" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/min-instances" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/min-instances" >Minimum instances</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Metadata </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/description" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/description" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/description" >Description</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/labels" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/labels" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/labels" >Labels</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/tags" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/tags" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/tags" >Tags</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-preview"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Source deploy configurations </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/runtime-base-images" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/runtime-base-images" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/runtime-base-images" >Supported language runtimes and base images</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/automatic-base-image-updates" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/automatic-base-image-updates" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/automatic-base-image-updates" >Configure automatic base image updates</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/build-environment-variables" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/build-environment-variables" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/build-environment-variables" >Build environment variables</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/build-service-account" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/build-service-account" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/build-service-account" >Build service account</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/services/build-worker-pools" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/services/build-worker-pools" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/services/build-worker-pools" >Build worker pools</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Invoke and trigger services </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Invoke with HTTPS </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/triggering/https-request" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/triggering/https-request" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/triggering/https-request" >Overview</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/triggering/using-scheduler" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/triggering/using-scheduler" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/triggering/using-scheduler" >Invoke services on a schedule</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Create a workflow </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/triggering/invoke-services-from-workflows" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/triggering/invoke-services-from-workflows" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/triggering/invoke-services-from-workflows" >Invoke services as part of a Workflow</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/workflows" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/workflows" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/workflows" >Connect a series of services from Cloud Functions and Cloud Run tutorial</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/triggering/using-tasks" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/triggering/using-tasks" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/triggering/using-tasks" >Execute asynchronous tasks</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Call a service from a Pub/Sub push subscription </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/pubsub" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/pubsub" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/pubsub" >Trigger service from Pub/Sub</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/image-processing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/image-processing" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/image-processing" >Integrate image processing into Pub/Sub sample tutorial</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Trigger from events </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/triggering/trigger-with-events" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/triggering/trigger-with-events" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/triggering/trigger-with-events" >Create triggers with Eventarc</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Pub/Sub triggers </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/triggering/pubsub-triggers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/triggering/pubsub-triggers" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/triggering/pubsub-triggers" >Create triggers with Pub/Sub</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-preview"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/pubsub-eventdriven" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/pubsub-eventdriven" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/pubsub-eventdriven" >Trigger functions from Pub/Sub using Eventarc</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-preview"><a href="/run/docs/triggering/trigger-functions-from-log-entries" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/triggering/trigger-functions-from-log-entries" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/triggering/trigger-functions-from-log-entries" >Trigger functions from routed log entries</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Cloud Storage triggers </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/triggering/storage-triggers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/triggering/storage-triggers" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/triggering/storage-triggers" >Create triggers with Cloud Storage</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/eventarc" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/eventarc" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/eventarc" >Trigger services from Cloud Storage using Eventarc</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-preview"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/eventarc-functions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/eventarc-functions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/eventarc-functions" >Trigger functions from Cloud Storage using Eventarc</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Firestore triggers </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/triggering/firestore-triggers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/triggering/firestore-triggers" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/triggering/firestore-triggers" >Create triggers with Firestore</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-preview"><a href="/run/docs/triggering/trigger-functions-with-firestore-documents" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/triggering/trigger-functions-with-firestore-documents" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/triggering/trigger-functions-with-firestore-documents" >Trigger functions from events in a Firestore database</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Create WebSocket services </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/triggering/websockets" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/triggering/websockets" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/triggering/websockets" >Overview</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/websockets" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/websockets" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/websockets" >Build a WebSocket Chat service tutorial</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/triggering/grpc" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/triggering/grpc" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/triggering/grpc" >Connect with other services using gRPC</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/triggering/webhooks" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/triggering/webhooks" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/triggering/webhooks" >Host a webhook target</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Best practices </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tips/general" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tips/general" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tips/general" >General development tips for services</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tips/java" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tips/java" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tips/java" >Optimize Java services</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tips/python" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tips/python" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tips/python" >Optimize Python services</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/about-load-testing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/about-load-testing" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/about-load-testing" >Load testing best practices</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/zonal-redundancy" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/zonal-redundancy" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/zonal-redundancy" >Understand zonal redundancy</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-preview"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Functions best practices </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tips/functions-best-practices" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tips/functions-best-practices" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tips/functions-best-practices" >Overview</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tips/function-retries" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tips/function-retries" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tips/function-retries" >Enable event-driven function retries</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Execute background jobs </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/create-jobs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/create-jobs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/create-jobs" >Create jobs</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Execute jobs </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/execute/jobs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/execute/jobs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/execute/jobs" >Execute jobs</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/execute/jobs-on-schedule" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/execute/jobs-on-schedule" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/execute/jobs-on-schedule" >Execute scheduled jobs</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/execute/jobs-on-schedule-vpc-sc-perimeter" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/execute/jobs-on-schedule-vpc-sc-perimeter" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/execute/jobs-on-schedule-vpc-sc-perimeter" >Execute scheduled jobs in a VPC SC perimeter</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/triggering/invoke-jobs-with-workflows" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/triggering/invoke-jobs-with-workflows" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/triggering/invoke-jobs-with-workflows" >Execute jobs from Workflows</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Configure jobs </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/containers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/jobs/containers" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/containers" >Container entrypoint</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/cpu" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/jobs/cpu" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/cpu" >CPU limits</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/memory-limits" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/jobs/memory-limits" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/memory-limits" >Memory limits</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/environment-variables" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/jobs/environment-variables" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/environment-variables" >Environment variables</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/healthchecks" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/jobs/healthchecks" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/healthchecks" >Container health checks</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Volume mounts </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/cloud-storage-volume-mounts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/jobs/cloud-storage-volume-mounts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/cloud-storage-volume-mounts" >Cloud Storage volumes</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/nfs-volume-mounts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/jobs/nfs-volume-mounts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/nfs-volume-mounts" >NFS volumes</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/in-memory-volume-mounts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/jobs/in-memory-volume-mounts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/in-memory-volume-mounts" >In-memory volumes</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/using-network-file-systems" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/using-network-file-systems" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/using-network-file-systems" >Other network file systems</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/labels" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/jobs/labels" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/labels" >Labels</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/max-retries" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/max-retries" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/max-retries" >Maximum retries</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/parallelism" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/parallelism" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/parallelism" >Parallelism</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/secrets" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/jobs/secrets" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/secrets" >Secrets</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/service-identity" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/jobs/service-identity" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/service-identity" >Service identity</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/task-timeout" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/task-timeout" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/task-timeout" >Task timeout</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/tags" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/jobs/tags" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/jobs/tags" >Tags</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Manage jobs </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/managing/jobs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/managing/jobs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/managing/jobs" >View or delete jobs</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/managing/job-executions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/managing/job-executions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/managing/job-executions" >View or stop job executions</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/jobs-retries" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/jobs-retries" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/jobs-retries" >Best practices</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Configure networking </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/securing/private-networking" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/securing/private-networking" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/securing/private-networking" >Configure private networking</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Send traffic to VPC network </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/connecting-vpc" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/connecting-vpc" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/connecting-vpc" >Overview</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/vpc-direct-vpc" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/vpc-direct-vpc" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/vpc-direct-vpc" >Direct VPC egress</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/vpc-dual-stack-subnet" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/vpc-dual-stack-subnet" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/vpc-dual-stack-subnet" >Dual-stack services and jobs</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/migrate-direct-vpc" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/migrate-direct-vpc" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/migrate-direct-vpc" >Migrate standard VPC connector to Direct VPC egress</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/vpc-connectors" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/vpc-connectors" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/vpc-connectors" >VPC connectors</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Send traffic to Shared VPC network </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/connecting-shared-vpc" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/connecting-shared-vpc" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/connecting-shared-vpc" >Overview</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/shared-vpc-direct-vpc" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/shared-vpc-direct-vpc" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/shared-vpc-direct-vpc" >Direct VPC egress</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/migrate-shared-vpc-direct-vpc" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/migrate-shared-vpc-direct-vpc" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/migrate-shared-vpc-direct-vpc" >Migrate Shared VPC connector to Direct VPC egress</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/shared-vpc-service-projects" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/shared-vpc-service-projects" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/shared-vpc-service-projects" >Connectors in service projects</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/shared-vpc-host-project" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/shared-vpc-host-project" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/shared-vpc-host-project" >Connectors in host project</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/static-outbound-ip" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/static-outbound-ip" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/static-outbound-ip" >Static outbound IP address</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Network security </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/securing/ingress" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/securing/ingress" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/securing/ingress" >Restrict ingress (services)</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/securing/using-vpc-service-controls" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/securing/using-vpc-service-controls" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/securing/using-vpc-service-controls" >Use VPC Service Controls (VPC SC)</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-preview"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/cloud-service-mesh" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/cloud-service-mesh" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/cloud-service-mesh" >Cloud Service Mesh</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/networking-best-practices" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/networking-best-practices" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/networking-best-practices" >Best practices for Cloud Run networking</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Secure </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/securing/security" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/securing/security" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/securing/security" >Security design overview</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Authenticate requests </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/authenticating/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/authenticating/overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/authenticating/overview" >Overview</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/authenticating/public" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/authenticating/public" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/authenticating/public" >Allow public access</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/configuring/custom-audiences" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/configuring/custom-audiences" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/configuring/custom-audiences" >Custom audiences</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/authenticating/developers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/authenticating/developers" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/authenticating/developers" >Authenticate developers</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/authenticating/service-to-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/authenticating/service-to-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/authenticating/service-to-service" >Service-to-service</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/authenticating/end-users" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/authenticating/end-users" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/authenticating/end-users" >Authenticate users</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/identity-platform" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/identity-platform" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/identity-platform" >End user authentication tutorial</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> Secure your resources </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/securing/managing-access" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/securing/managing-access" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/securing/managing-access" >Access control with IAM</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/securing/service-identity" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/securing/service-identity" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/securing/service-identity" >Introduction to service identity</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/securing/cloud-armor" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/securing/cloud-armor" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/securing/cloud-armor" >Protect services with Cloud Armor</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/securing/binary-authorization" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/securing/binary-authorization" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/securing/binary-authorization" >Use Binary Authorization</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/securing/using-cmek" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/securing/using-cmek" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/securing/using-cmek" >Use customer managed encryption keys</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/securing/custom-constraints" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/securing/custom-constraints" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/securing/custom-constraints" >Manage custom constraints for projects</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/securing/view-security-insights" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/securing/view-security-insights" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/securing/view-security-insights" >View software supply chain security insights</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/secure-services" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/secure-services" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/secure-services" >Secure Cloud Run services tutorial</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Monitor and log </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/monitoring" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/monitoring" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/monitoring" >View built-in metrics</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/monitoring-managed-prometheus-sidecar" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/monitoring-managed-prometheus-sidecar" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/monitoring-managed-prometheus-sidecar" >Write Prometheus metrics</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/custom-metrics-opentelemetry-sidecar" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/custom-metrics-opentelemetry-sidecar" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/custom-metrics-opentelemetry-sidecar" >Write OpenTelemetry metrics</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/logging" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/logging" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/logging" >Log and view logs</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/audit-logging" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/audit-logging" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/audit-logging" >Audit logging</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/error-reporting" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/error-reporting" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/error-reporting" >Error reporting</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/trace" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/trace" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/trace" >Use distributed tracing for services</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Migrate </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/migrate/a-web-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/migrate/a-web-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/migrate/a-web-service" >An existing web service</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/migrate/from-app-engine-to-cloud-run" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/migrate/from-app-engine-to-cloud-run" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/migrate/from-app-engine-to-cloud-run" >From App Engine</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/migrate/from-aws-lambda" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/migrate/from-aws-lambda" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/migrate/from-aws-lambda" >From AWS Lambda</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/migrate/migrating-nodejs-apps-from-heroku-to-cloud-run" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/migrate/migrating-nodejs-apps-from-heroku-to-cloud-run" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/migrate/migrating-nodejs-apps-from-heroku-to-cloud-run" >From Heroku</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> From Cloud Foundry </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/migrate/cloud-foundry/migrate-from-cloud-foundry-to-cloud-run" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/migrate/cloud-foundry/migrate-from-cloud-foundry-to-cloud-run" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/migrate/cloud-foundry/migrate-from-cloud-foundry-to-cloud-run" >Migration overview</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/migrate/cloud-foundry/oci-compliant-strategy" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/migrate/cloud-foundry/oci-compliant-strategy" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/migrate/cloud-foundry/oci-compliant-strategy" >Choose an OCI-compliant-strategy</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/migrate/cloud-foundry/migrate-to-oci-containers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/migrate/cloud-foundry/migrate-to-oci-containers" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/migrate/cloud-foundry/migrate-to-oci-containers" >Migrate to OCI containers</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/migrate/cloud-foundry/migrate-configuration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/migrate/cloud-foundry/migrate-configuration" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/migrate/cloud-foundry/migrate-configuration" >Migrate configuration</a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/migrate/cloud-foundry/spring-music-migration-example" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/migrate/cloud-foundry/spring-music-migration-example" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/migrate/cloud-foundry/spring-music-migration-example" >Sample migration: Spring Music</a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/migrate/from-vmware-tanzu" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/migrate/from-vmware-tanzu" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/migrate/from-vmware-tanzu" >From VMWare Tanzu</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/migrate/from-on-premises" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/migrate/from-on-premises" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/migrate/from-on-premises" >From a VM using Migrate to Containers</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/migrate/from-kubernetes" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/migrate/from-kubernetes" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/migrate/from-kubernetes" >From Kubernetes</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/migrate/to-gke" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/migrate/to-gke" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/migrate/to-gke" >To GKE</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Troubleshoot </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/troubleshooting/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/troubleshooting/overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/troubleshooting/overview" >Introduction</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/troubleshooting" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/troubleshooting" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/troubleshooting" >Troubleshoot errors</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/tutorials/local-troubleshooting" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/tutorials/local-troubleshooting" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/tutorials/local-troubleshooting" >Local troubleshooting tutorial</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> Samples </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/run/docs/samples" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /run/docs/samples" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/run/docs/samples" >All Cloud Run code samples</a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/docs/samples" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /docs/samples" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/docs/samples" >Code samples for all products</a></li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Technology areas" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/docs/ai-ml" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: AI and ML" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> AI and ML </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/docs/application-development" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Application development" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Application development </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/docs/application-hosting" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Application hosting" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Application hosting </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/docs/compute-area" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Compute" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" 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Send feedback </button> </devsite-feedback> <h1 class="devsite-page-title" tabindex="-1"> Use Pub/Sub with Cloud Run tutorial </h1> <devsite-feature-tooltip ack-key="AckCollectionsBookmarkTooltipDismiss" analytics-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" analytics-action-show="Callout Profile displayed" analytics-action-close="Callout Profile dismissed" analytics-label="Create Collection Callout" class="devsite-page-bookmark-tooltip nocontent" dismiss-button="true" id="devsite-collections-dropdown" dismiss-button-text="Dismiss" close-button-text="Got it"> <devsite-bookmark></devsite-bookmark> Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your preferences. </devsite-feature-tooltip> <div class="devsite-page-title-meta"><devsite-view-release-notes></devsite-view-release-notes></div> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" depth="2" devsite-toc-embedded > </devsite-toc> <div class="devsite-article-body clearfix "> <div class="tutorial tutorial-lesson"> <hr class="cloud-divider"> <section id="overview"> This tutorial shows how to write, deploy, and call a Cloud Run service from a <a href="/pubsub/docs/push">Pub/Sub push subscription</a>. </section> <section id="objectives"> <h2 id="objectives" data-text="Objectives" tabindex="-1">Objectives</h2> <ul> <li>Write, build, and deploy a service to Cloud Run</li> <li>Call the service by publishing a message to a <a href="/pubsub">Pub/Sub</a> topic.</li> </ul> </section> <section id="costs"> <h2 id="costs" data-text="Costs" tabindex="-1">Costs</h2> In this document, you use the following billable components of Google Cloud: <ul> <li><a href="/artifact-registry">Artifact Registry</a></li> <li><a href="/build">Cloud Build</a></li> <li><a href="/pubsub">Pub/Sub</a></li> <li><a href="/run">Cloud Run</a></li> </ul> To generate a cost estimate based on your projected usage, use the <a href="/products/calculator" track-type="commonIncludes" track-name="pricingCalculator">pricing calculator</a>. <cloudx-free-trial-eligible-content> <slot slot="eligible"> New Google Cloud users might be eligible for a <a href="/free" track-type="freeTrial" track-name="consoleLink" track-metadata-position="prerequisites" track-metadata-end-goal="signUp" target="_blank">free trial</a>. </slot> <slot slot="ineligible"> </slot> </cloudx-free-trial-eligible-content> </section> <section id="prerequisites"> <h2 id="before-you-begin" data-text="Before you begin" tabindex="-1">Before you begin</h2> <ol> <cloudx-free-trial-eligible-content> <slot slot="eligible"> <li> Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, <a href="https://console.cloud.google.com/freetrial" target="console" track-type="commonIncludes" track-name="createAnAccount" track-metadata-position="prereqs" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://console.cloud.google.com/freetrial" track-metadata-link-destination="https://console.cloud.google.com/freetrial"> create an account</a> to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads. </li> <li> In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project. <aside class="note">Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.</aside> <a href="https://console.cloud.google.com/projectselector2/home/dashboard" target="console" track-type="commonIncludes" track-name="consoleLink" track-metadata-end-goal="createProject" class="button button-primary">Go to project selector</a> </li> <li> <a href="/billing/docs/how-to/verify-billing-enabled#confirm_billing_is_enabled_on_a_project" target="_blank" track-type="commonIncludes" track-name="supportLink" track-metadata-end-goal="enableBilling" >Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project</a>. </li> </slot> <slot slot="ineligible"> <li> In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project. <aside class="note">Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.</aside> <a href="https://console.cloud.google.com/projectselector2/home/dashboard" target="console" track-type="commonIncludes" track-name="consoleLink" track-metadata-end-goal="createProject" class="button button-primary">Go to project selector</a> </li> <li> <a href="/billing/docs/how-to/verify-billing-enabled#confirm_billing_is_enabled_on_a_project" target="_blank" track-type="commonIncludes" track-name="supportLink" track-metadata-end-goal="enableBilling" >Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project</a>. </li> </slot> </cloudx-free-trial-eligible-content> <li> Enable the Artifact Registry, Cloud Build, Pub/Sub and Cloud Run APIs. <a href="https://console.cloud.google.com/flows/enableapi?apiid=artifactregistry.googleapis.com,cloudbuild.googleapis.com,pubsub.googleapis.com,run.googleapis.com" target="console" track-type="commonIncludes" track-name="consoleLink" track-metadata-end-goal="enableAPI" class="button button-primary">Enable the APIs</a> </li> <style> .henhouse-text { font-size:85%; padding:2px 4px; line-height:1; } </style> <li><a href="/sdk/docs/install">Install and initialize the gcloud CLI</a>.</li> <li>Update components: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud components update</pre></devsite-code></li> </ol> <h3 id="required_roles" data-text="Required roles" tabindex="-1">Required roles</h3> To get the permissions that you need to complete the tutorial, ask your administrator to grant you the following IAM roles on your project: <ul> <li> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/understanding-roles#cloudbuild.builds.editor">Cloud Build Editor </a> (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">roles/cloudbuild.builds.editor</code>)</li> <li> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/understanding-roles#run.admin">Cloud Run Admin </a> (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">roles/run.admin</code>)</li> <li> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/understanding-roles#iam.serviceAccountCreator">Create Service Accounts </a> (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">roles/iam.serviceAccountCreator</code>)</li> <li> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/understanding-roles#resourcemanager.projectIamAdmin">Project IAM Admin </a> (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">roles/resourcemanager.projectIamAdmin</code>)</li> <li> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/understanding-roles#pubsub.editor">Pub/Sub Editor </a> (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">roles/pubsub.editor</code>)</li> <li> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/understanding-roles#iam.serviceAccountUser">Service Account User </a> (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">roles/iam.serviceAccountUser</code>)</li> <li> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/understanding-roles#serviceusage.serviceUsageConsumer">Service Usage Consumer </a> (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">roles/serviceusage.serviceUsageConsumer</code>)</li> <li> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/understanding-roles#storage.admin">Storage Admin </a> (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">roles/storage.admin</code>)</li> </ul> For more information about granting roles, see <a href="/iam/docs/granting-changing-revoking-access">Manage access to projects, folders, and organizations</a>. You might also be able to get the required permissions through <a href="/iam/docs/creating-custom-roles">custom roles</a> or other <a href="/iam/docs/understanding-roles">predefined roles</a>. <aside class="note"> Note: <a href="/iam/docs/understanding-roles#basic">IAM basic roles</a> might also contain permissions to complete the tutorial. You shouldn't grant basic roles in a production environment, but you can grant them in a development or test environment. </aside> </section> <div id="tutorial-content"> <section class="tutorial-content"> <h2 id="setting-up-gcloud" data-text="Set up gcloud defaults" tabindex="-1">Set up gcloud defaults</h2> To configure gcloud with defaults for your Cloud Run service: <ol> <li>Set your default project: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud config set project <var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var></pre></devsite-code> Replace <var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var> with the name of the project you created for this tutorial.</li> <li>Configure gcloud for your chosen region: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud config set run/region <var translate="no">REGION</var></pre></devsite-code> Replace <var translate="no">REGION</var> with the supported Cloud Run <a href="#follow-cloud-run" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted #999" data-modal-dialog-id="regions" class="devsite-dialog-button">region</a> of your choice.</li> </ol> <div id="regions" class="devsite-dialog"> <div class="devsite-dialog-contents"> <h3 class="hide-from-toc" id="cloud-run-locations" data-text="Cloud Run locations" tabindex="-1">Cloud Run locations</h3> Cloud Run is regional, which means the infrastructure that runs your Cloud Run services is located in a specific region and is managed by Google to be redundantly available across <a href="/docs/geography-and-regions">all the zones within that region</a>. Meeting your latency, availability, or durability requirements are primary factors for selecting the region where your Cloud Run services are run. You can generally select the region nearest to your users but you should consider the location of the <a href="/about/locations#locations">other Google Cloud products</a> that are used by your Cloud Run service. Using Google Cloud products together across multiple locations can affect your service's latency as well as cost. Cloud Run is available in the following regions: <h4 id="tier-1" data-text="Subject to Tier 1 pricing" tabindex="-1">Subject to <a href="/run/pricing#tables" track-type="inline link">Tier 1 pricing</a></h4> <ul> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-east1</code> (Taiwan) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast1</code> (Tokyo) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast2</code> (Osaka) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-south1</code> (Mumbai, India) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-north1</code> (Finland) <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO2</a> </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-southwest1</code> (Madrid) <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO2</a> </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code> (Belgium) <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO2</a> </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west4</code> (Netherlands) <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO2</a> </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west8</code> (Milan) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west9</code> (Paris) <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO2</a> </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">me-west1</code> (Tel Aviv) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code> (Iowa) <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO2</a> </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east1</code> (South Carolina) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east4</code> (Northern Virginia) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east5</code> (Columbus) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-south1</code> (Dallas) <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO2</a> </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west1</code> (Oregon) <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO2</a></li> </ul> <h4 id="tier-2" data-text="Subject to Tier 2 pricing" tabindex="-1">Subject to <a href="/run/pricing#tables" track-type="inline link">Tier 2 pricing</a></h4> <ul> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">africa-south1</code> (Johannesburg) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-east2</code> (Hong Kong) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast3</code> (Seoul, South Korea) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-southeast1</code> (Singapore) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-southeast2 </code> (Jakarta) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-south2</code> (Delhi, India) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">australia-southeast1</code> (Sydney) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">australia-southeast2</code> (Melbourne) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-central2</code> (Warsaw, Poland) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west10</code> (Berlin) <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO2</a> </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west12</code> (Turin) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west2</code> (London, UK) <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO2</a> </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west3</code> (Frankfurt, Germany) <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO2</a> </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west6</code> (Zurich, Switzerland) <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO2</a> </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">me-central1</code> (Doha) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">me-central2</code> (Dammam) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">northamerica-northeast1</code> (Montreal) <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO2</a> </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">northamerica-northeast2</code> (Toronto) <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO2</a> </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">southamerica-east1</code> (Sao Paulo, Brazil) <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO2</a> </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">southamerica-west1</code> (Santiago, Chile) <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO2</a> </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west2</code> (Los Angeles) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west3</code> (Salt Lake City) </li> <li><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west4</code> (Las Vegas) </li> </ul> If you already created a Cloud Run service, you can view the region in the Cloud Run dashboard in the <a href="https://console.cloud.google.com/run">Google Cloud console</a>. </div> <div class="devsite-dialog-buttons"> <button class="devsite-dialog-close">OK</button> </div> </div> <h2 id="deploy-repo" data-text="Create an Artifact Registry standard repository" tabindex="-1">Create an Artifact Registry standard repository</h2> Create an Artifact Registry standard repository to store your container image: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud artifacts repositories create <var translate="no">REPOSITORY</var> \ --repository-format=docker \ --location=<var translate="no">REGION</var></pre></devsite-code> Replace: <ul> <li><var translate="no">REPOSITORY</var> with a unique name for the repository.</li> <li><var translate="no">REGION</var> with the Google Cloud region to be used for the Artifact Registry repository.</li> </ul> <h2 id="creating-topic" data-text="Create a Pub/Sub topic" tabindex="-1">Create a Pub/Sub topic</h2> The sample service is triggered by messages published to a Pub/Sub topic, so you'll need to create a topic in Pub/Sub. <div class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section><h3 id="gcloud" data-text=" gcloud " tabindex="-1"> gcloud </h3>To create a new Pub/Sub topic, use the command: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud pubsub topics create <var translate="no">myRunTopic</var></pre></devsite-code> You can use <var translate="no">myRunTopic</var> or replace with a topic name unique within your Google Cloud project.</section> <section><h3 id="terraform" data-text="Terraform" tabindex="-1">Terraform</h3> To learn how to apply or remove a Terraform configuration, see <a href="/docs/terraform/basic-commands">Basic Terraform commands</a>. To create a Pub/Sub topic, add the following to your existing <code translate="no" dir="ltr">main.tf</code> file: <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/run/pubsub/main.tf/main/cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/blob/main/run/pubsub/main.tf" feedback-context="{"language": "hcl", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/blob/main/run/pubsub/main.tf"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="hcl" data-github-path="terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/run/pubsub/main.tf" data-git-revision="main" data-region-tag="cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Terraform"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">resource "google_pubsub_topic" "default" { name = "pubsub_topic" }</code></pre></devsite-code> </div> You can use a topic name unique within your Cloud project.</section> </div> <h2 id="retrieve-code" data-text="Retrieve the code sample" tabindex="-1">Retrieve the code sample</h2> To retrieve the code sample for use: <ol> <li>Clone the sample app repository to your local machine: <div id="run-clone-sample-repository-tabs" class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section> <h3 id="run-clone-sample-repository-nodejs" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="nodejs" track-metadata-position="run-clone-sample-repository" data-text=" Node.js " tabindex="-1"> Node.js </h3> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy notranslate" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">git clone https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples.git</pre></devsite-code> Alternatively, you can <a href="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/archive/master.zip"> download the sample </a> as a zip file and extract it. </section> <section> <h3 id="run-clone-sample-repository-python" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="python" track-metadata-position="run-clone-sample-repository" data-text=" Python " tabindex="-1"> Python </h3> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy notranslate" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">git clone https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples.git</pre></devsite-code> Alternatively, you can <a href="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/archive/master.zip"> download the sample </a> as a zip file and extract it. </section> <section> <h3 id="run-clone-sample-repository-go" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="go" track-metadata-position="run-clone-sample-repository" data-text=" Go " tabindex="-1"> Go </h3> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy notranslate" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">git clone https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/golang-samples.git</pre></devsite-code> Alternatively, you can <a href="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/golang-samples/archive/master.zip"> download the sample </a> as a zip file and extract it. </section> <section> <h3 id="run-clone-sample-repository-java" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="java" track-metadata-position="run-clone-sample-repository" data-text=" Java " tabindex="-1"> Java </h3> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy notranslate" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">git clone https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/java-docs-samples.git</pre></devsite-code> Alternatively, you can <a href="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/java-docs-samples/archive/master.zip"> download the sample </a> as a zip file and extract it. </section> <section> <h3 id="run-clone-sample-repository-dotnet" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="dotnet" track-metadata-position="run-clone-sample-repository" data-text=" C# " tabindex="-1"> C# </h3> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy notranslate" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">git clone https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/dotnet-docs-samples.git</pre></devsite-code> Alternatively, you can <a href="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/dotnet-docs-samples/archive/master.zip"> download the sample </a> as a zip file and extract it. </section> </div> </li> <li>Change to the directory that contains the Cloud Run sample code: <div id="run-change-directory-tabs" class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section> <h3 id="run-change-directory-nodejs" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="nodejs" track-metadata-position="run-change-directory" data-text=" Node.js " tabindex="-1"> Node.js </h3> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy notranslate" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">cd nodejs-docs-samples/run/pubsub/</pre></devsite-code> </section> <section> <h3 id="run-change-directory-python" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="python" track-metadata-position="run-change-directory" data-text=" Python " tabindex="-1"> Python </h3> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy notranslate" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">cd python-docs-samples/run/pubsub/</pre></devsite-code> </section> <section> <h3 id="run-change-directory-go" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="go" track-metadata-position="run-change-directory" data-text=" Go " tabindex="-1"> Go </h3> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy notranslate" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">cd golang-samples/run/pubsub/</pre></devsite-code> </section> <section> <h3 id="run-change-directory-java" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="java" track-metadata-position="run-change-directory" data-text=" Java " tabindex="-1"> Java </h3> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy notranslate" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">cd java-docs-samples/run/pubsub/</pre></devsite-code> </section> <section> <h3 id="run-change-directory-dotnet" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="dotnet" track-metadata-position="run-change-directory" data-text=" C# " tabindex="-1"> C# </h3> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy notranslate" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">cd dotnet-docs-samples/run/Run.Samples.Pubsub.MinimalApi/</pre></devsite-code> </section> </div> </li> </ol> <h2 id="review_the_code" data-text="Review the code" tabindex="-1">Review the code</h2> The code for this tutorial consists of the following: <ul> <li>A server that handles incoming requests. <div id="run_pubsub_server-tabs" class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_server-nodejs" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="nodejs" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_server" data-text=" Node.js " tabindex="-1"> Node.js </h3> To keep the Node.js service easy to test, the server configuration is separate from the server startup. The Node.js web server is set up in <code translate="no" dir="ltr">app.js</code>. <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/run/pubsub/app.js/HEAD/cloudrun_pubsub_server_setup" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/app.js" feedback-context="{"language": "nodejs", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/app.js"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="nodejs" data-github-path="GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/run/pubsub/app.js" data-git-revision="HEAD" data-region-tag="cloudrun_pubsub_server_setup" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="JavaScript"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">const express = require('express'); const app = express(); // This middleware is available in Express v4.16.0 onwards app.use(express.json());</code></pre></devsite-code> </div> The web server is started in <code translate="no" dir="ltr">index.js</code>: <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/run/pubsub/index.js/HEAD/cloudrun_pubsub_server" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/index.js" feedback-context="{"language": "nodejs", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/index.js"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="nodejs" data-github-path="GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/run/pubsub/index.js" data-git-revision="HEAD" data-region-tag="cloudrun_pubsub_server" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="JavaScript"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">const app = require('./app.js'); const PORT = parseInt(parseInt(process.env.PORT)) || 8080; app.listen(PORT, () => console.log(`nodejs-pubsub-tutorial listening on port ${PORT}`) );</code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </section> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_server-python" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="python" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_server" data-text=" Python " tabindex="-1"> Python </h3> <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/run/pubsub/main.py/HEAD/cloudrun_pubsub_server" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/main.py" feedback-context="{"language": "python", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/main.py"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="python" data-github-path="GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/run/pubsub/main.py" data-git-revision="HEAD" data-region-tag="cloudrun_pubsub_server" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">import base64 from flask import Flask, request app = Flask(__name__) </code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </section> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_server-go" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="go" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_server" data-text=" Go " tabindex="-1"> Go </h3> <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="GoogleCloudPlatform/golang-samples/run/pubsub/main.go/HEAD/cloudrun_pubsub_server" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/golang-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/main.go" feedback-context="{"language": "go", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/golang-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/main.go"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="go" data-github-path="GoogleCloudPlatform/golang-samples/run/pubsub/main.go" data-git-revision="HEAD" data-region-tag="cloudrun_pubsub_server" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Go"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"> // Sample run-pubsub is a Cloud Run service which handles Pub/Sub messages. package main import ( "encoding/json" "io" "log" "net/http" "os" ) func main() { http.HandleFunc("/", HelloPubSub) // Determine port for HTTP service. port := os.Getenv("PORT") if port == "" { port = "8080" log.Printf("Defaulting to port %s", port) } // Start HTTP server. log.Printf("Listening on port %s", port) if err := http.ListenAndServe(":"+port, nil); err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } } </code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </section> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_server-java" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="java" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_server" data-text=" Java " tabindex="-1"> Java </h3> <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="GoogleCloudPlatform/java-docs-samples/run/pubsub/src/main/java/com/example/cloudrun/PubSubApplication.java/HEAD/cloudrun_pubsub_server" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/java-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/src/main/java/com/example/cloudrun/PubSubApplication.java" feedback-context="{"language": "java", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/java-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/src/main/java/com/example/cloudrun/PubSubApplication.java"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="java" data-github-path="GoogleCloudPlatform/java-docs-samples/run/pubsub/src/main/java/com/example/cloudrun/PubSubApplication.java" data-git-revision="HEAD" data-region-tag="cloudrun_pubsub_server" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Java"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class PubSubApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(PubSubApplication.class, args); } }</code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </section> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_server-dotnet" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="dotnet" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_server" data-text=" C# " tabindex="-1"> C# </h3> <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="GoogleCloudPlatform/dotnet-docs-samples/run/pubsub/Run.Samples.Pubsub.MinimalApi/Program.cs/HEAD/cloudrun_pubsub_server" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/dotnet-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/Run.Samples.Pubsub.MinimalApi/Program.cs" feedback-context="{"language": "csharp", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/dotnet-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/Run.Samples.Pubsub.MinimalApi/Program.cs"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="csharp" data-github-path="GoogleCloudPlatform/dotnet-docs-samples/run/pubsub/Run.Samples.Pubsub.MinimalApi/Program.cs" data-git-revision="HEAD" data-region-tag="cloudrun_pubsub_server" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="C#"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args); var app = builder.Build(); var port = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("PORT"); if (port != null) { app.Urls.Add($"http://0.0.0.0:{port}"); } </code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </section> </div> </li> <li>A handler that processes the Pub/Sub message and logs a greeting. <div id="run_pubsub_handler-tabs" class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_handler-nodejs" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="nodejs" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_handler" data-text=" Node.js " tabindex="-1"> Node.js </h3> <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/run/pubsub/app.js/HEAD/cloudrun_pubsub_handler" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/app.js" feedback-context="{"language": "nodejs", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/app.js"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="nodejs" data-github-path="GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/run/pubsub/app.js" data-git-revision="HEAD" data-region-tag="cloudrun_pubsub_handler" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="JavaScript"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">app.post('/', (req, res) => { if (!req.body) { const msg = 'no Pub/Sub message received'; console.error(`error: ${msg}`); res.status(400).send(`Bad Request: ${msg}`); return; } if (!req.body.message) { const msg = 'invalid Pub/Sub message format'; console.error(`error: ${msg}`); res.status(400).send(`Bad Request: ${msg}`); return; } const pubSubMessage = req.body.message; const name = pubSubMessage.data ? Buffer.from(pubSubMessage.data, 'base64').toString().trim() : 'World'; console.log(`Hello ${name}!`); res.status(204).send(); });</code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </section> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_handler-python" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="python" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_handler" data-text=" Python " tabindex="-1"> Python </h3> <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/run/pubsub/main.py/HEAD/cloudrun_pubsub_handler" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/main.py" feedback-context="{"language": "python", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/main.py"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="python" data-github-path="GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/run/pubsub/main.py" data-git-revision="HEAD" data-region-tag="cloudrun_pubsub_handler" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">@app.route("/", methods=["POST"]) def index(): """Receive and parse Pub/Sub messages.""" envelope = request.get_json() if not envelope: msg = "no Pub/Sub message received" print(f"error: {msg}") return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400 if not isinstance(envelope, dict) or "message" not in envelope: msg = "invalid Pub/Sub message format" print(f"error: {msg}") return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400 pubsub_message = envelope["message"] name = "World" if isinstance(pubsub_message, dict) and "data" in pubsub_message: name = base64.b64decode(pubsub_message["data"]).decode("utf-8").strip() print(f"Hello {name}!") return ("", 204) </code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </section> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_handler-go" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="go" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_handler" data-text=" Go " tabindex="-1"> Go </h3> <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="GoogleCloudPlatform/golang-samples/run/pubsub/main.go/HEAD/cloudrun_pubsub_handler" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/golang-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/main.go" feedback-context="{"language": "go", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/golang-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/main.go"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="go" data-github-path="GoogleCloudPlatform/golang-samples/run/pubsub/main.go" data-git-revision="HEAD" data-region-tag="cloudrun_pubsub_handler" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Go"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"> // PubSubMessage is the payload of a Pub/Sub event. // See the documentation for more details: // https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/docs/reference/rest/v1/PubsubMessage type PubSubMessage struct { Message struct { Data []byte `json:"data,omitempty"` ID string `json:"id"` } `json:"message"` Subscription string `json:"subscription"` } // HelloPubSub receives and processes a Pub/Sub push message. func HelloPubSub(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { var m PubSubMessage body, err := io.ReadAll(r.Body) defer r.Body.Close() if err != nil { log.Printf("io.ReadAll: %v", err) http.Error(w, "Bad Request", http.StatusBadRequest) return } // byte slice unmarshalling handles base64 decoding. if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &m); err != nil { log.Printf("json.Unmarshal: %v", err) http.Error(w, "Bad Request", http.StatusBadRequest) return } name := string(m.Message.Data) if name == "" { name = "World" } log.Printf("Hello %s!", name) } </code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </section> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_handler-java" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="java" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_handler" data-text=" Java " tabindex="-1"> Java </h3> <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="GoogleCloudPlatform/java-docs-samples/run/pubsub/src/main/java/com/example/cloudrun/PubSubController.java/HEAD/cloudrun_pubsub_handler" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/java-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/src/main/java/com/example/cloudrun/PubSubController.java" feedback-context="{"language": "java", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/java-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/src/main/java/com/example/cloudrun/PubSubController.java"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="java" data-github-path="GoogleCloudPlatform/java-docs-samples/run/pubsub/src/main/java/com/example/cloudrun/PubSubController.java" data-git-revision="HEAD" data-region-tag="cloudrun_pubsub_handler" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Java"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">import com.example.cloudrun.Body; import java.util.Base64; import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; // PubsubController consumes a Pub/Sub message. @RestController public class PubSubController { @RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.POST) public ResponseEntity<String> receiveMessage(@RequestBody Body body) { // Get PubSub message from request body. Body.Message message = body.getMessage(); if (message == null) { String msg = "Bad Request: invalid Pub/Sub message format"; System.out.println(msg); return new ResponseEntity<>(msg, HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST); } String data = message.getData(); String target = !StringUtils.isEmpty(data) ? new String(Base64.getDecoder().decode(data)) : "World"; String msg = "Hello " + target + "!"; System.out.println(msg); return new ResponseEntity<>(msg, HttpStatus.OK); } }</code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </section> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_handler-dotnet" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="dotnet" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_handler" data-text=" C# " tabindex="-1"> C# </h3> <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="GoogleCloudPlatform/dotnet-docs-samples/run/pubsub/Run.Samples.Pubsub.MinimalApi/Program.cs/HEAD/cloudrun_pubsub_handler" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/dotnet-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/Run.Samples.Pubsub.MinimalApi/Program.cs" feedback-context="{"language": "csharp", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/dotnet-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/Run.Samples.Pubsub.MinimalApi/Program.cs"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="csharp" data-github-path="GoogleCloudPlatform/dotnet-docs-samples/run/pubsub/Run.Samples.Pubsub.MinimalApi/Program.cs" data-git-revision="HEAD" data-region-tag="cloudrun_pubsub_handler" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="C#"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">app.MapPost("/", (Envelope envelope) => { if (envelope?.Message?.Data == null) { app.Logger.LogWarning("Bad Request: Invalid Pub/Sub message format."); return Results.BadRequest(); } var data = Convert.FromBase64String(envelope.Message.Data); var target = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data); app.Logger.LogInformation($"Hello {target}!"); return Results.NoContent(); }); </code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </section> </div> You must code the service to return an accurate HTTP response code. Success codes, such as HTTP <code translate="no" dir="ltr">200</code> or <code translate="no" dir="ltr">204</code>, acknowledge complete processing of the Pub/Sub message. Error codes, such as HTTP <code translate="no" dir="ltr">400</code> or <code translate="no" dir="ltr">500</code>, indicate the message will be retried, as described in <a href="/pubsub/docs/push">Receiving messages using Push guide</a>.</li> <li>A <code translate="no" dir="ltr">Dockerfile</code> that defines the operating environment for the service. The contents of the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">Dockerfile</code> vary by language. <div id="run_pubsub_dockerfile-tabs" class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_dockerfile-nodejs" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="nodejs" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_dockerfile" data-text=" Node.js " tabindex="-1"> Node.js </h3> <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/run/pubsub/Dockerfile/HEAD/cloudrun_pubsub_dockerfile_nodejs" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/Dockerfile" feedback-context="{"language": "nodejs", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/Dockerfile"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="nodejs" data-github-path="GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples/run/pubsub/Dockerfile" data-git-revision="HEAD" data-region-tag="cloudrun_pubsub_dockerfile_nodejs" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Docker"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"> # Use the official lightweight Node.js image. # https://hub.docker.com/_/node FROM node:20-slim # Create and change to the app directory. WORKDIR /usr/src/app # Copy application dependency manifests to the container image. # A wildcard is used to ensure both package.json AND package-lock.json are copied. # Copying this separately prevents re-running npm install on every code change. COPY package*.json ./ # Install dependencies. # if you need a deterministic and repeatable build create a # package-lock.json file and use npm ci: # RUN npm ci --omit=dev # if you need to include development dependencies during development # of your application, use: # RUN npm install --dev RUN npm install --omit=dev # Copy local code to the container image. COPY . . # Run the web service on container startup. CMD [ "npm", "start" ] </code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </section> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_dockerfile-python" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="python" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_dockerfile" data-text=" Python " tabindex="-1"> Python </h3> <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/run/pubsub/Dockerfile/HEAD/cloudrun_pubsub_dockerfile_python" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/Dockerfile" feedback-context="{"language": "python", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/Dockerfile"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="python" data-github-path="GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples/run/pubsub/Dockerfile" data-git-revision="HEAD" data-region-tag="cloudrun_pubsub_dockerfile_python" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Docker"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"> # Use the official Python image. # https://hub.docker.com/_/python FROM python:3.11 # Allow statements and log messages to immediately appear in the Cloud Run logs ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED True # Copy application dependency manifests to the container image. # Copying this separately prevents re-running pip install on every code change. COPY requirements.txt ./ # Install production dependencies. RUN pip install -r requirements.txt # Copy local code to the container image. ENV APP_HOME /app WORKDIR $APP_HOME COPY . ./ # Run the web service on container startup. # Use gunicorn webserver with one worker process and 8 threads. # For environments with multiple CPU cores, increase the number of workers # to be equal to the cores available. # Timeout is set to 0 to disable the timeouts of the workers to allow Cloud Run to handle instance scaling. CMD exec gunicorn --bind :$PORT --workers 1 --threads 8 --timeout 0 main:app </code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </section> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_dockerfile-go" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="go" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_dockerfile" data-text=" Go " tabindex="-1"> Go </h3> <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="GoogleCloudPlatform/golang-samples/run/pubsub/Dockerfile/HEAD/cloudrun_pubsub_dockerfile_go" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/golang-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/Dockerfile" feedback-context="{"language": "go", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/golang-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/Dockerfile"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="go" data-github-path="GoogleCloudPlatform/golang-samples/run/pubsub/Dockerfile" data-git-revision="HEAD" data-region-tag="cloudrun_pubsub_dockerfile_go" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Docker"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"> # Use the official Go image to create a binary. # This is based on Debian and sets the GOPATH to /go. # https://hub.docker.com/_/golang FROM golang:1.21-bookworm as builder # Create and change to the app directory. WORKDIR /app # Retrieve application dependencies. # This allows the container build to reuse cached dependencies. # Expecting to copy go.mod and if present go.sum. COPY go.* ./ RUN go mod download # Copy local code to the container image. COPY . ./ # Build the binary. RUN go build -v -o server # Use the official Debian slim image for a lean production container. # https://hub.docker.com/_/debian # https://docs.docker.com/develop/develop-images/multistage-build/#use-multi-stage-builds FROM debian:bookworm-slim RUN set -x && apt-get update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y \ ca-certificates && \ rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* # Copy the binary to the production image from the builder stage. COPY --from=builder /app/server /server # Run the web service on container startup. CMD ["/server"] </code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </section> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_dockerfile-java" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="java" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_dockerfile" data-text=" Java " tabindex="-1"> Java </h3> This sample uses <a href="https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/jib">Jib</a> to build Docker images using common Java tools. Jib optimizes container builds without the need for a Dockerfile or having <a href="https://www.docker.com/">Docker</a> installed. Learn more about <a href="/run/docs/tutorials/jib">building Java containers with Jib</a>. <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="GoogleCloudPlatform/java-docs-samples/run/pubsub/pom.xml/HEAD/cloudrun_pubsub_jib" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/java-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/pom.xml" feedback-context="{"language": "java", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/java-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/pom.xml"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="java" data-github-path="GoogleCloudPlatform/java-docs-samples/run/pubsub/pom.xml" data-git-revision="HEAD" data-region-tag="cloudrun_pubsub_jib" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="XML"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><plugin> <groupId>com.google.cloud.tools</groupId> <artifactId>jib-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.4.0</version> <configuration> <to> <image>gcr.io/PROJECT_ID/pubsub</image> </to> </configuration> </plugin> </code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </section> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_dockerfile-dotnet" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="dotnet" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_dockerfile" data-text=" C# " tabindex="-1"> C# </h3> <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="GoogleCloudPlatform/dotnet-docs-samples/run/pubsub/Run.Samples.Pubsub.MinimalApi/Dockerfile/HEAD/cloudrun_pubsub_dockerfile_csharp" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/dotnet-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/Run.Samples.Pubsub.MinimalApi/Dockerfile" feedback-context="{"language": "csharp", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/dotnet-docs-samples/blob/HEAD/run/pubsub/Run.Samples.Pubsub.MinimalApi/Dockerfile"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="csharp" data-github-path="GoogleCloudPlatform/dotnet-docs-samples/run/pubsub/Run.Samples.Pubsub.MinimalApi/Dockerfile" data-git-revision="HEAD" data-region-tag="cloudrun_pubsub_dockerfile_csharp" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Docker"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"># Build in SDK base image FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:6.0 AS build-env WORKDIR /app COPY *.csproj ./ RUN dotnet restore COPY . ./ RUN dotnet publish -r linux-x64 --no-self-contained -p:PublishReadyToRun=true -c Release -o out # Copy to runtime image FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:6.0 WORKDIR /app COPY --from=build-env /app/out . # Port passed in by Cloud Run via environment variable PORT. Default 8080. ENV PORT=8080 ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "Run.Samples.Pubsub.MinimalApi.dll"]</code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </section> </div> </li> </ul> For details on how to authenticate the origin of Pub/Sub requests, see <a href="#integrating-pubsub">Integrate with Pub/Sub</a>. <h2 id="ship_the_code" data-text="Ship the code" tabindex="-1">Ship the code</h2> Shipping code consists of three steps: building a container image with Cloud Build, uploading the container image to Artifact Registry, and deploying the container image to Cloud Run. To ship your code: <ol> <li> Build your container and publish on Artifact Registry: <div id="run_pubsub_build-tabs" class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_build-nodejs" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="nodejs" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_build" data-text=" Node.js " tabindex="-1"> Node.js </h3> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud builds submit --tag <var translate="no">REGION</var>-docker.pkg.dev/<var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>/<var translate="no">REPOSITORY</var>/pubsub</pre></devsite-code> Replace: <ul> <li><var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var> with your Google Cloud project ID.</li> <li><var translate="no">REPOSITORY</var> with the name of the Artifact Registry repository.</li> <li><var translate="no">REGION</var> with the Google Cloud region to be used for the Artifact Registry repository.</li> </ul> <code translate="no" dir="ltr">pubsub</code> is the image name. Upon success, you should see a SUCCESS message containing the ID, creation time, and image name. The image is stored in Artifact Registry and can be re-used if required. </section> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_build-python" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="python" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_build" data-text=" Python " tabindex="-1"> Python </h3> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud builds submit --tag <var translate="no">REGION</var>-docker.pkg.dev/<var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>/<var translate="no">REPOSITORY</var>/pubsub</pre></devsite-code> Replace: <ul> <li> <var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var> with your Google Cloud project ID.</li> <li> <var translate="no">REPOSITORY</var> with the name of the Artifact Registry repository.</li> <li> <var translate="no">REGION</var> with the Google Cloud region to be used for the Artifact Registry repository.</li> </ul> <code translate="no" dir="ltr">pubsub</code> is the image name. Upon success, you should see a SUCCESS message containing the ID, creation time, and image name. The image is stored in Artifact Registry and can be re-used if required. </section> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_build-go" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="go" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_build" data-text=" Go " tabindex="-1"> Go </h3> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud builds submit --tag <var translate="no">REGION</var>-docker.pkg.dev/<var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>/<var translate="no">REPOSITORY</var>/pubsub</pre></devsite-code> Replace: <ul> <li><var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var> with your Google Cloud project ID.</li> <li><var translate="no">REPOSITORY</var> with the name of the Artifact Registry repository.</li> <li><var translate="no">REGION</var> with the Google Cloud region to be used for the Artifact Registry repository.</li> </ul> <code translate="no" dir="ltr">pubsub</code> is the image name. Upon success, you should see a SUCCESS message containing the ID, creation time, and image name. The image is stored in Artifact Registry and can be re-used if required. </section> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_build-java" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="java" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_build" data-text=" Java " tabindex="-1"> Java </h3> <ul> <li> Use the <a href="/artifact-registry/docs/docker/authentication#gcloud-helper">gcloud CLI credential helper</a> to authorize Docker to push to your Artifact Registry. <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud auth configure-docker</pre></devsite-code> </li> <li> Use the Jib Maven Plugin to build and push the container to Artifact Registry. <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">mvn compile jib:build -D image=<var translate="no">REGION</var>-docker.pkg.dev/<var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>/<var translate="no">REPOSITORY</var>/pubsub</pre></devsite-code> Replace: <ul> <li> <var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var> with your Google Cloud project ID.</li> <li> <var translate="no">REPOSITORY</var> with the name of the Artifact Registry repository.</li> <li> <var translate="no">REGION</var> with the Google Cloud region to be used for the Artifact Registry repository.</li> </ul> <code translate="no" dir="ltr">pubsub</code> is the image name. Upon success, you should see a BUILD SUCCESS message. The image is stored in Artifact Registry and can be re-used if required. </li> </ul> </section> <section> <h3 id="run_pubsub_build-dotnet" track-type="sampleTabNav" track-name="dotnet" track-metadata-position="run_pubsub_build" data-text=" C# " tabindex="-1"> C# </h3> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud builds submit --tag <var translate="no">REGION</var>-docker.pkg.dev/<var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>/<var translate="no">REPOSITORY</var>/pubsub</pre></devsite-code> Replace: <ul> <li> <var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var> with your Google Cloud project ID.</li> <li> <var translate="no">REPOSITORY</var> with the name of the Artifact Registry repository.</li> <li> <var translate="no">REGION</var> with the Google Cloud region to be used for the Artifact Registry repository.</li> </ul> <code translate="no" dir="ltr">pubsub</code> is the image name. Upon success, you should see a SUCCESS message containing the ID, creation time, and image name. The image is stored in Artifact Registry and can be re-used if required. </section> </div> </li> <li> Deploy your application: <div class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="deploy-app"> <section> <h3 id="command-line" data-text="Command line" tabindex="-1">Command line</h3> <ol> <li> Run the following command to deploy your app: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud run deploy pubsub-tutorial --image <var translate="no">REGION</var>-docker.pkg.dev/<var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>/<var translate="no">REPOSITORY</var>/pubsub --no-allow-unauthenticated</pre></devsite-code> Replace: <ul> <li> <var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var> with your Google Cloud project ID.</li> <li> <var translate="no">REPOSITORY</var> with the name of the Artifact Registry repository.</li> <li> <var translate="no">REGION</var> with the Google Cloud region to be used for the Artifact Registry repository.</li> </ul> <code translate="no" dir="ltr">pubsub</code> is the image name and <code translate="no" dir="ltr">pubsub-tutorial</code> is the name of the service. Notice that the container image is deployed to the service and region that you configured previously under <a href="/run/docs/securing/managing-access">Setting up gcloud</a> The <code translate="no" dir="ltr">--no-allow-unauthenticated</code> flag restricts unauthenticated access to the service. By keeping the service private you can rely on Cloud Run's automatic Pub/Sub integration to authenticate requests. See <a href="#integrating-pubsub">Integrate with Pub/Sub</a> for more details on how this is configured. For more details about authentication that is based on Identity and Access Management (IAM), see <a href="/run/docs/securing/managing-access">Managing access using IAM</a>. Wait until the deployment is complete: this can take about half a minute. On success, the command line displays the service URL. This URL is used to configure a Pub/Sub subscription. </li> <li> If you want to deploy a code update to the service, repeat the previous steps. Each deployment to a service creates a new revision and automatically starts serving traffic when ready. </li> </ol> </section> <section> <h3 id="terraform_1" data-text="Terraform" tabindex="-1">Terraform</h3> To create a Cloud Run service, add the following to your existing <code translate="no" dir="ltr">.tf</code> file. Replace the value for <code translate="no" dir="ltr">image</code> with your image URL: <code translate="no" dir="ltr"><var translate="no">REGION</var>-docker.pkg.dev/<var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>/<var translate="no">REPOSITORY</var>/pubsub</code>. <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/run/pubsub/main.tf/main/cloudrun_service_pubsub_service" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/blob/main/run/pubsub/main.tf" feedback-context="{"language": "hcl", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/blob/main/run/pubsub/main.tf"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="hcl" data-github-path="terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/run/pubsub/main.tf" data-git-revision="main" data-region-tag="cloudrun_service_pubsub_service" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Terraform"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">resource "google_cloud_run_v2_service" "default" { name = "pubsub-tutorial" location = "us-central1" deletion_protection = false # set to true to prevent destruction of the resource template { containers { image = "us-docker.pkg.dev/cloudrun/container/hello" # Replace with newly created image gcr.io/<project_id>/pubsub } } depends_on = [google_project_service.cloudrun_api] }</code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </section> </div> </li> </ol> <h2 id="integrating-pubsub" data-text="Integrate with Pub/Sub" tabindex="-1">Integrate with Pub/Sub</h2> <aside class="special">Important: If your project was created on or before April 8, 2021, you must grant the <a href="/iam/docs/understanding-roles#iam.serviceAccountTokenCreator"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">iam.serviceAccountTokenCreator</code></a> role to the <a href="/iam/docs/service-agents">service agent</a> <code translate="no" dir="ltr">service-{PROJECT_NUMBER}@gcp-sa-pubsub.iam.gserviceaccount.com</code> on the project in order to allow Pub/Sub to create tokens. However, if your project was created after that date, you do not need to grant it this role because it has the <a href="/iam/docs/understanding-roles#pubsub.serviceAgent"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">roles/pubsub.serviceAgent</code></a> role with identical permissions.</aside> To integrate the service with Pub/Sub: <div class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section><h3 id="gcloud_1" data-text=" gcloud " tabindex="-1"> gcloud </h3><ol> <li>Create or select a service account to represent the Pub/Sub subscription identity. <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud iam service-accounts create <var translate="no">cloud-run-pubsub-invoker</var> \ --display-name "<var translate="no">Cloud Run Pub/Sub Invoker</var>"</pre></devsite-code> You can use <code translate="no" dir="ltr">cloud-run-pubsub-invoker</code> or replace with a name unique within your Google Cloud project.</li> <li>Create a Pub/Sub subscription with the service account: <ol> <li>Give the invoker service account permission to invoke your <code translate="no" dir="ltr">pubsub-tutorial</code> service: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud run services add-iam-policy-binding <var translate="no">pubsub-tutorial</var> \ --member=serviceAccount:<var translate="no">cloud-run-pubsub-invoker</var>@<var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>.iam.gserviceaccount.com \ --role=roles/run.invoker</pre></devsite-code> It can take several minutes for the IAM changes to propagate. In the meantime, you might see <code translate="no" dir="ltr">HTTP 403</code> errors in the service logs.</li> <li>Allow Pub/Sub to create authentication tokens in your project: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding <var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var> \ --member=serviceAccount:service-<var translate="no">PROJECT_NUMBER</var>@gcp-sa-pubsub.iam.gserviceaccount.com \ --role=roles/iam.serviceAccountTokenCreator</pre></devsite-code> Replace: <ul> <li><var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var> with your Google Cloud project ID.</li> <li><var translate="no">PROJECT_NUMBER</var> with your Google Cloud project number.</li> </ul> Project ID and project number are listed in the Project info panel in the <a href="https://console.cloud.google.com/">Google Cloud console</a> for your project.</li> <li>Create a Pub/Sub subscription with the service account: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud pubsub subscriptions create myRunSubscription --topic <var translate="no">myRunTopic</var> \ --ack-deadline=600 \ --push-endpoint=<var translate="no">SERVICE-URL</var>/ \ --push-auth-service-account=<var translate="no">cloud-run-pubsub-invoker</var>@<var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>.iam.gserviceaccount.com</pre></devsite-code> Replace: <ul> <li><var translate="no">myRunTopic</var> with the topic you <a href="#creating-topic">previously created</a>.</li> <li><var translate="no">SERVICE-URL</var> with the HTTPS URL provided on deploying the service. This URL works even if you have also <a href="/run/docs/mapping-custom-domains">added a domain mapping</a>.</li> <li><var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var> with your Google Cloud project ID.</li> </ul> The <code translate="no" dir="ltr">--push-auth-service-account</code> flag activates the Pub/Sub push functionality for <a href="/pubsub/docs/authenticate-push-subscriptions">Authentication and authorization</a>. Your Cloud Run service domain is automatically registered for use with Pub/Sub subscriptions. For Cloud Run only, there is a built-in authentication check that the token is valid and an authorization check that the service account has permission to invoke the Cloud Run service.</li> </ol></li> </ol> Your service is now fully integrated with Pub/Sub.</section> <section><h3 id="terraform_2" data-text="Terraform" tabindex="-1">Terraform</h3><ol> <li>Create or select a service account to represent the Pub/Sub subscription identity. <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/run/pubsub/main.tf/main/cloudrun_service_pubsub_sa" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/blob/main/run/pubsub/main.tf" feedback-context="{"language": "hcl", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/blob/main/run/pubsub/main.tf"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="hcl" data-github-path="terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/run/pubsub/main.tf" data-git-revision="main" data-region-tag="cloudrun_service_pubsub_sa" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Terraform"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">resource "google_service_account" "sa" { account_id = "cloud-run-pubsub-invoker" display_name = "Cloud Run Pub/Sub Invoker" }</code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </li> <li>Create a Pub/Sub subscription with the service account: <ol> <li>Give the invoker service account permission to invoke your <code translate="no" dir="ltr">pubsub-tutorial</code> service: <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/run/pubsub/main.tf/main/cloudrun_service_pubsub_run_invoke_permissions" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/blob/main/run/pubsub/main.tf" feedback-context="{"language": "hcl", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/blob/main/run/pubsub/main.tf"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="hcl" data-github-path="terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/run/pubsub/main.tf" data-git-revision="main" data-region-tag="cloudrun_service_pubsub_run_invoke_permissions" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Terraform"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">resource "google_cloud_run_service_iam_binding" "binding" { location = google_cloud_run_v2_service.default.location service = google_cloud_run_v2_service.default.name role = "roles/run.invoker" members = ["serviceAccount:${google_service_account.sa.email}"] }</code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </li> <li>Allow Pub/Sub to create authentication tokens in your project: <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/run/pubsub/main.tf/main/cloudrun_service_pubsub_token_permissions" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/blob/main/run/pubsub/main.tf" feedback-context="{"language": "hcl", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/blob/main/run/pubsub/main.tf"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="hcl" data-github-path="terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/run/pubsub/main.tf" data-git-revision="main" data-region-tag="cloudrun_service_pubsub_token_permissions" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Terraform"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">resource "google_project_service_identity" "pubsub_agent" { provider = google-beta project = data.google_project.project.project_id service = "pubsub.googleapis.com" } resource "google_project_iam_binding" "project_token_creator" { project = data.google_project.project.project_id role = "roles/iam.serviceAccountTokenCreator" members = ["serviceAccount:${google_project_service_identity.pubsub_agent.email}"] }</code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </li> <li>Create a Pub/Sub subscription with the service account: <div class="github-docwidget-gitinclude-code"> <div></div><devsite-code><pre suppresswarning="suppresswarning" translate="no" class="devsite-click-to-copy" track-metadata-position="terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/run/pubsub/main.tf/main/cloudrun_service_pubsub_sub" data-code-snippet="true" data-github-includecode-link="https://github.com/terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/blob/main/run/pubsub/main.tf" feedback-context="{"language": "hcl", "region_tag": "cloudrun_service_pubsub_topic", "snippet_file_url": "https://github.com/terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/blob/main/run/pubsub/main.tf"}" feedback-product="1634365" feedback-bucket="serverless" language="hcl" data-github-path="terraform-google-modules/terraform-docs-samples/run/pubsub/main.tf" data-git-revision="main" data-region-tag="cloudrun_service_pubsub_sub" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Terraform"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">resource "google_pubsub_subscription" "subscription" { name = "pubsub_subscription" topic = google_pubsub_topic.default.name push_config { push_endpoint = google_cloud_run_v2_service.default.uri oidc_token { service_account_email = google_service_account.sa.email } attributes = { x-goog-version = "v1" } } depends_on = [google_cloud_run_v2_service.default] }</code></pre></devsite-code> </div> </li> </ol></li> </ol> Your service is now fully integrated with Pub/Sub.</section> </div> <h2 id="try_it_out" data-text="Try it out" tabindex="-1">Try it out</h2> To test the end-to-end solution: <ol> <li>Send a Pub/Sub message to the topic: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud pubsub topics publish <var translate="no">myRunTopic</var> --message "Runner"</pre></devsite-code> You can also publish messages programmatically instead of using the command-line as shown in this tutorial. For more information, see <a href="/pubsub/docs/publisher">Publishing messages</a>.</li> <li>Navigate to the service logs: <ol> <li>Navigate to the <a href="https://console.cloud.google.com/run">Google Cloud console</a></li> <li>Click the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">pubsub-tutorial</code> service.</li> <li>Select the Logs tab. Logs might take a few moments to appear. If you don't see them immediately, check again after a few moments.</li> </ol></li> <li>Look for the "Hello Runner!" message.</li> </ol> </section> </div> <section id="cleanup"> <h2 id="clean-up" data-text="Clean up" tabindex="-1">Clean up</h2> To walk through a more in-depth use case of using Cloud Run with Pub/Sub, skip cleanup for now and continue with the <a href="/run/docs/tutorials/image-processing">Image Processing with Cloud Run tutorial</a>. If you created a new project for this tutorial, <a href="#delete-project">delete the project</a>. If you used an existing project and wish to keep it without the changes added in this tutorial, <a href="#delete-resources">delete resources created for the tutorial</a>. <h3 id="delete-project" data-text="Deleting the project" tabindex="-1">Deleting the project</h3> The easiest way to eliminate billing is to delete the project that you created for the tutorial. To delete the project: <ol> <aside class="caution"> Caution: Deleting a project has the following effects: <ul> <li> Everything in the project is deleted. If you used an existing project for the tasks in this document, when you delete it, you also delete any other work you've done in the project. </li> <li> Custom project IDs are lost. When you created this project, you might have created a custom project ID that you want to use in the future. To preserve the URLs that use the project ID, such as an <code translate="no" dir="ltr">appspot.com</code> URL, delete selected resources inside the project instead of deleting the whole project. </li> </ul> If you plan to explore multiple architectures, tutorials, or quickstarts, reusing projects can help you avoid exceeding project quota limits. </aside> <li> In the Google Cloud console, go to the Manage resources page. <a href="https://console.cloud.google.com/iam-admin/projects" target="console" track-type="commonIncludes" track-name="consoleLink" track-metadata-end-goal="deleteProject" class="button button-primary">Go to Manage resources</a> </li> <li> In the project list, select the project that you want to delete, and then click Delete. </li> <li> In the dialog, type the project ID, and then click Shut down to delete the project. </li> </ol> <h3 id="delete-resources" data-text="Deleting tutorial resources" tabindex="-1">Deleting tutorial resources</h3> <ol> <li>Delete the Cloud Run service you deployed in this tutorial: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Bash">gcloud run services delete <var translate="no">SERVICE-NAME</var></pre></devsite-code> Where <var translate="no">SERVICE-NAME</var> is your chosen service name. You can also delete Cloud Run services from the <a href="https://console.cloud.google.com/run">Google Cloud console</a>.</li> <li>Remove the gcloud default region configuration you added during tutorial setup: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="verilog"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"> gcloud config unset run/region </code></pre></devsite-code></li> <li>Remove the project configuration: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Text only"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"> gcloud config unset project </code></pre></devsite-code></li> <li>Delete other Google Cloud resources created in this tutorial: <ul> <li><a href="/pubsub/docs/create-topic#pubsub_delete_topic-gcloud">Delete the Pub/Sub topic <code translate="no" dir="ltr">myRunTopic</code></a></li> <li><a href="/pubsub/docs/delete-subscriptions">Delete the Pub/Sub subscription <code translate="no" dir="ltr">myRunSubscription</code></a></li> <li><a href="/container-registry/docs/managing#deleting_images">Delete your container image</a> named <code translate="no" dir="ltr"><var translate="no">REGION</var>-docker.pkg.dev/<var translate="no">PROJECT_ID</var>/<var translate="no">REPOSITORY</var>/pubsub</code> from Artifact Registry.</li> <li><a href="/iam/docs/creating-managing-service-accounts#deleting">Delete the invoker service account <code translate="no" dir="ltr">cloud-run-pubsub-invoker@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com</code></a></li> </ul></li> </ol> </section> <section id="whatsnext"> <h2 id="whats-next" data-text="What's next" tabindex="-1">What's next</h2> <ul> <li>See <a href="/run/docs/securing/ingress">Restricting ingress</a> for information on increasing production security by using internal ingress controls to limit ingress.</li> <li>Expand the sample service deployed in this tutorial to add <a href="/run/docs/tutorials/image-processing">image processing functionality that modifies images uploaded to Cloud Storage</a>.</li> <li>Learn more about how topics fit into <a href="/pubsub/docs/overview">Pub/Sub architecture</a> and how to <a href="/pubsub/docs/admin#managing_topics">manage topics</a></li> <li>Learn more about Pub/Sub subscriptions in <a href="/pubsub/docs/admin#manage_subs">managing subscriptions</a>.</li> <li> Explore reference architectures, diagrams, and best practices about Google Cloud. Take a look at our <a href="/architecture" track-type="tutorial" track-name="textLink" track-metadata-position="nextSteps">Cloud Architecture Center</a>. </li> </ul> </section> <section id="freetrial"> </section> </div> <devsite-hats-survey class="nocontent" hats-id="mwETRvWii0eU5NUYprb0Y9z5GVbc" listnr-id="83405"></devsite-hats-survey> </div> <devsite-thumb-rating position="footer"> </devsite-thumb-rating> <devsite-feedback position="footer" project-name="Cloud Run Documentation" product-id="97037" bucket="Documentation" context="" version="t-devsite-webserver-20250211-r00-rc00.466928320959134316" data-label="Send Feedback Button" track-type="feedback" track-name="sendFeedbackLink" track-metadata-position="footer" class="nocontent" project-feedback-url="https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/new?component=608076" project-icon="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v38a693baeb774512feb42f10aac8f755d8791ed41119b5be7a531f8e16f8279f/cloud/images/favicons/onecloud/super_cloud.png" > <button> Send feedback </button> </devsite-feedback> <div class="devsite-floating-action-buttons"> </div> </article> <devsite-content-footer class="nocontent"> Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License</a>, and code samples are licensed under the <a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache 2.0 License</a>. 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