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text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 23em;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="fn" style="text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background:#eee; padding: 0.3em;">Ричард Эксел</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="nickname" style="text-align:center; font-style: oblique; font-style: normal"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Ағылшын тілі">ағылш.</a> <span lang="en"><i>Richard Axel</i></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82:Richard_Axel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Richard_Axel.jpg/200px-Richard_Axel.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Richard_Axel.jpg/300px-Richard_Axel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Richard_Axel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="383" data-file-height="477" /></a></span> </td></tr><tr><th style="">Туған күні</th><td class="" style=""> <p><span class="no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P569"><a href="/wiki/2_%D1%88%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="2 шілде">2 шілде</a> <a href="/wiki/1946_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1946 жыл">1946 </a></span><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1946-07-02</span>)</span> <span class="nowrap">(78 жас)</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="">Туған жері</th><td class="" style=""> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Бруклин">Бруклин</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E-%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Нью-Йорк">Нью-Йорк</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E-%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Нью-Йорк (штат)">штат Нью-Йорк</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D2%9A%D2%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Америка Құрама Штаттары">АҚШ</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="">Азаматтығы</th><td class="" style=""> <p><span class="country-name">АҚШ</span> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="">Ғылыми аясы</th><td class="" style=""> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нейробиология (мұндай бет жоқ)">нейробиология</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="">Марапаттары</th><td class="" style=""> <p><br style="line-height:0;" /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B" title="Нобель сыйлығы — 2004"><img alt="Нобель сыйлығы — 2004" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/20px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/30px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/40px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B" title="Физиология немесе медицина саласындағы Нобель сыйлығы">Физиология немесе медицина саласындағы Нобель сыйлығы</a> (<a href="/wiki/2004_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="2004 жыл">2004</a>) <br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D2%AF%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алан Уотерман жүлдесі (мұндай бет жоқ)">Алан Уотерман жүлдесі</a> (1982) </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Ричард Эксел</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Ағылшын тілі">ағылш.</a> <span lang="en"><i>Richard Axel</i></span>; <a href="/wiki/2_%D1%88%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="2 шілде">2 шілде</a> <a href="/wiki/1946" class="mw-redirect" title="1946">1946</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E-%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Нью-Йорк">Нью-Йорк</a>) — <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D2%9A%D0%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="АҚШ">америкалық</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нейробиолог (мұндай бет жоқ)">нейробиолог</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B" title="Физиология немесе медицина саласындағы Нобель сыйлығы">Физиология немесе медицина саласындағы Нобель сыйлығын</a> «иіс сезу рецепторларының және ұйымдастырылуына» ғылыми-зерттеулері үшін алды. </p><p>Эксел иістерді сезетін ақуыздарда кодталған гендердің отбасын тапты. Зерттеу нәтижелері иіс сезу механизмін түсіндіруге мүмкіндік берді. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Сілтемелер"><span id=".D0.A1.D1.96.D0.BB.D1.82.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B5.D1.80"></span>Сілтемелер</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Бөлімді өңдеу: Сілтемелер" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>өңдеу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Сілтемелер"><span>қайнарын өңдеу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2004/">Нобель комитетінің веб-торабынан ақпарат</a>  <span class="ref-info" title="ағылшын тілінде" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:#888;">(ағыл.)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://n-t.ru/nl/mf/axel.htm">Ричард Эксел (Axel) на сайте n-t.ru</a></li></ul> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><span style="float:left;text-align:left;width:5em;margin-right:0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%96:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_2001-2025" title="Бұл үлгіні қарау"><img alt="Бұл үлгіні қарау" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Magnifying_glass_icon.svg/14px-Magnifying_glass_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Magnifying_glass_icon.svg/21px-Magnifying_glass_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Magnifying_glass_icon.svg/28px-Magnifying_glass_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="490" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%96_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%9B%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_2001-2025" title="Бұл үлгіні талқылау"><img alt="Бұл үлгіні талқылау" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Comment_alt_font_awesome.svg/14px-Comment_alt_font_awesome.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Comment_alt_font_awesome.svg/21px-Comment_alt_font_awesome.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Comment_alt_font_awesome.svg/28px-Comment_alt_font_awesome.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//kk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D2%AE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%96:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_2001-2025&action=edit" title="Бұл үлгіні өңдеу"><img alt="Бұл үлгіні өңдеу" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Template_alt_full_black_22.svg/16px-Template_alt_full_black_22.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Template_alt_full_black_22.svg/24px-Template_alt_full_black_22.svg.png 1.5x, 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<p><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Леланд Хартвелл">Леланд Хартвелл</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Тимоти Хант">Тимоти Хант</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81" title="Пол Нерс">Пол Нерс</a> (2001) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Сидней Бреннер">Сидней Бреннер</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86" title="Роберт Хорвиц">Роберт Хорвиц</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Джон Салстон">Джон Салстон</a> (2002) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80" title="Пол Лотербур">Пол Лотербур</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Питер Мэнсфилд">Питер Мэнсфилд</a> (2003) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ричард Эксел</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Линда Бак">Линда Бак</a> (2004) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Барри Маршалл">Барри Маршалл</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Робин Уоррен">Робин Уоррен</a> (2005) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%8E_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Эндрю Файер">Эндрю Файер</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B3_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Крейг Мелло">Крейг Мелло</a> (2006) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Марио Капекки">Марио Капекки</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Мартин Эванс">Мартин Эванс</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Оливер Смитис">Оливер Смитис</a> (2007) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_%D1%86%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Харальд цур Хаузен">Харальд цур Хаузен</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B5" title="Люк Монтанье">Люк Монтанье</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5-%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Франсуаза Барре-Синусси">Франсуаза Барре-Синусси</a> (2008) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%91%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD" title="Элизабет Блэкберн">Элизабет Блэкберн</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Кэрол Грейдер">Кэрол Грейдер</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Джек Шостак">Джек Шостак</a> (2009) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81" title="Роберт Джеффри Эдвардс">Роберт Эдвардс</a> (2010) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8E%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Брюс Бетлер">Брюс Бетлер</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%84%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Жюль Хоффман">Жюль Хоффман</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ральф Стайнман">Ральф Стайнман</a> (2011) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8A%D1%8F_%D0%AF%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Синъя Яманака">Синъя Яманака</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Джон Гердон">Джон Гердон</a> (2012) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Джеймс Ротман">Джеймс Ротман</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Рэнди Шекман">Рэнди Шекман</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%97%D1%8E%D0%B4%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Томас Кристиан Зюдхоф">Томас Зюдхоф</a> (2013) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9E%E2%80%99%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Джон О’Киф">Джон О’Киф</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B9-%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Мей-Бритт Мозер">Мей-Бритт Мозер</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Эдвард Мозер">Эдвард Мозер</a> (2014) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Уильям Сесил Кэмпбелл">Уильям Кэмпбелл</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8_%D0%9E%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Сатоши Омура">Сатоши Омура</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83_%D0%AE%D1%8E" title="Ту Юю">Ту Юю</a> (2015) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Йошинори Осуми">Йошинори Осуми</a> (2016) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Джеффри Холл">Джеффри Холл</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BB_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Майкл Росбаш">Майкл Росбаш</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BB_%D0%AF%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Майкл Янг">Майкл Янг</a> (2017) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джеймс Эллисон (мұндай бет жоқ)">Джеймс Эллисон</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тасуку Хондзё (мұндай бет жоқ)">Тасуку Хондзё</a> (2018) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%9A%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Уильям Кэлин">Уильям Кэлин</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Питер Рэтклифф (мұндай бет жоқ)">Питер Рэтклифф</a> / <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B3_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Грегг Семенза">Грегг Семенза</a> (2019) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Харви Джеймс Алтер (мұндай бет жоқ)">Харви Джеймс Алтер</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BB_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Майкл Хаутон (мұндай бет жоқ)">Майкл Хаутон</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B7_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Чарльз Райс (мұндай бет жоқ)">Чарльз Райс</a> (2020) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дэвид Джулиус (мұндай бет жоқ)">Дэвид Джулиус</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ардем Патапутян (мұндай бет жоқ)">Ардем Патапутян</a> (2021) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сванте Паабо (мұндай бет жоқ)">Сванте Паабо</a> (2022) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Каталин Карико (мұндай бет жоқ)">Каталин Карико</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%80%D1%8E_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дрю Вайсман (мұндай бет жоқ)">Дрю Вайсман</a> (2023)</span> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%96:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B" title="Үлгі:Физиология немесе медицина саласындағы Нобель сыйлығы">Толық тізім</a> | <a href="/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%96:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_1901-1925" title="Үлгі:Физиология немесе медицина саласындағы Нобель сыйлығының Лауреаттары 1901-1925">1901—1925</a> | <a href="/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%96:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_1926-1950" title="Үлгі:Физиология немесе медицина саласындағы Нобель сыйлығының Лауреаттары 1926-1950">1926—1950</a> | <a href="/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%96:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_1951-1975" title="Үлгі:Физиология немесе медицина саласындағы Нобель сыйлығының Лауреаттары 1951-1975">1951—1975</a> | <a href="/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%96:%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_1976-2000" title="Үлгі:Физиология немесе медицина саласындағы Нобель сыйлығының Лауреаттары 1976-2000">1976—2000</a> | <b>2001-ден бері</b> </p> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <table style="background:none; color:inherit; text-align:left; padding: 2px 0" class="metadata"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-right:4px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82:Charles_Darwin_1880.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Чарльз Дарвин"><img alt="Чарльз Дарвин" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Charles_Darwin_1880.jpg/30px-Charles_Darwin_1880.jpg" decoding="async" width="30" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Charles_Darwin_1880.jpg/45px-Charles_Darwin_1880.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Charles_Darwin_1880.jpg/60px-Charles_Darwin_1880.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2986" data-file-height="4096" /></a></span> </td> <td><i><span style="white-space:nowrap">Бұл — <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Биология">ғалым-биолог</a> туралы мақаланың <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Уикипедия:Мақалаға бастама">бастамасы</a>.</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><br />Бұл мақаланы <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB&action=edit">толықтырып, дамыту</a></span> арқылы, Уикипедияға <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D3%A9%D2%A3%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%83_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Уикипедия:Мақаланы қалай өңдеу керек">көмектесе</a> аласыз.</span></i> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">«<a dir="ltr" href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ричард_Эксел&oldid=2620961">https://kk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ричард_Эксел&oldid=2620961</a>» бетінен алынған</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Арнайы:Санаттар">Санаттар</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82:%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B0_%D1%82%D2%B1%D0%BB%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Санат:Алфавит бойынша тұлғалар">Алфавит бойынша тұлғалар</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82:%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B0_%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Санат:Алфавит бойынша ғалымдар">Алфавит бойынша ғалымдар</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82:2_%D1%88%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D1%82%D1%83%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Санат:2 шілдеде туғандар">2 шілдеде туғандар</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82:1946_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D1%82%D1%83%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Санат:1946 жылы туғандар">1946 жылы туғандар</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82:%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96" title="Санат:Алфавит бойынша Нобель сыйлығының иегерлері">Алфавит бойынша Нобель сыйлығының иегерлері</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82:%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96" title="Санат:Медицина саласындағы Нобель сыйлығының иегерлері">Медицина саласындағы Нобель сыйлығының иегерлері</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82:%D0%90%D2%9A%D0%A8_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Санат:АҚШ нейробиологтары">АҚШ нейробиологтары</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96_(%D0%90%D2%9A%D0%A8)" title="Санат:Нобель сыйлығының иегерлері (АҚШ)">Нобель сыйлығының иегерлері (АҚШ)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82:%D0%90%D2%9A%D0%A8_%D2%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%BC%D2%AF%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96" title="Санат:АҚШ Ұлттық ғылым академиясының мүшелері">АҚШ Ұлттық ғылым академиясының мүшелері</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Жасырын санат: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82:%D0%A2%D1%96%D1%80%D1%96_%D1%82%D2%B1%D0%BB%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Санат:Тірі тұлғалар">Тірі тұлғалар</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82:%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D1%8F%D2%9B%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Санат:Биологтар туралы аяқталмаған мақалалар">Биологтар туралы аяқталмаған мақалалар</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-navigation"> <h2>Навигация мәзірі</h2> <div id="mw-head"> <nav id="p-personal" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal vector-user-menu-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label" > <h3 id="p-personal-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Жеке құралдар</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anonuserpage" class="mw-list-item"><span title="Бұл IP мекенжайдың жеке беті">Кірмегенсіз</span></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%9B%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="Бұл IP мекенжай өңдемелерін талқылау [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Талқылау</span></a></li><li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B:%D2%AE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BC" title="Бұл IP мекенжаймен жасаған өңдемелер тізімі [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Үлесім</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B:%D0%96%D0%B0%D2%A3%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%96&returnto=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4+%D0%AD%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Біз сізге есептік жазба бастауды және кіруді ұсынамыз,ол міндетті емес."><span>Тіркелу</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B:%D2%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%83%D1%88%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%96&returnto=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4+%D0%AD%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Кіруіңізді ұсынамыз, ол міндетті емес. [o]" accesskey="o"><span>Кіру</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav id="p-namespaces" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-namespaces vector-menu-tabs vector-menu-tabs-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-namespaces-label" > <h3 id="p-namespaces-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Ат кеңістіктері</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Мазмұн бетін көру [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Бет</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%9B%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83:%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Мағлұмат бетті талқылау (мұндай бет жоқ) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Талқылау</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-variants" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet vector-menu-dropdown vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-variants-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-variants" class="vector-menu-checkbox" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" > <label id="p-variants-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">kk</span> </label> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation"> <nav id="p-views" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-views vector-menu-tabs vector-menu-tabs-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-views-label" > <h3 id="p-views-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Көріністер</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB"><span>Оқу</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB&veaction=edit" title="Бұл бетті өңдеу [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Өңдеу</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB&action=edit" title="Бұл беттің қайнар мәтінін өңдеу [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Қайнарын өңдеу</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB&action=history" title="Бұл беттін соңғы нұсқалары. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Өңделу тарихы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-cactions" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-menu-dropdown vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-cactions-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-cactions" class="vector-menu-checkbox" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" > <label id="p-cactions-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Тағы</span> </label> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </nav> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <h3 >Іздеу</h3> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="vector-search-box-form"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="vector-search-box-inner" data-search-loc="header-navigation"> <input class="vector-search-box-input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Уикипедия жобасынан іздеу" aria-label="Уикипедия жобасынан іздеу" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Уикипедия жобасында іздеу [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Арнайы:Іздеу"> <input id="mw-searchButton" class="searchButton mw-fallbackSearchButton" type="submit" name="fulltext" title="Осы мәтіні бар бетті іздеу" value="Іздеу"> <input id="searchButton" class="searchButton" type="submit" name="go" title="Егер дәл осы атауымен болса бетке өтіп кету" value="Өту"> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-panel" class="vector-legacy-sidebar"> <div id="p-logo" role="banner"> <a class="mw-wiki-logo" href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Басты бетті көру"></a> </div> <nav id="p-navigation" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-navigation-label" > <h3 id="p-navigation-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Шарлау</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Басты бетті көру [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Басты бет</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D2%9A%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Жоба туралы, мұнда немен айналысуға болатыны туралы, қай жерде не бары туралы"><span>Қауымдастық порталы</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B:%D0%96%D1%83%D1%8B%D2%9B%D1%82%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D3%A9%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Осы уикидегі жуықтағы өзгерістер тізімі. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Жуықтағы өзгерістер</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B:%D0%96%D0%B0%D2%A3%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Соңғы бір айдағы басталған беттер тізімі, есім кеңістігі бойынша сүзгілеп көре аласыз."><span>Жаңа беттер</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B:%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BE%D2%9B" title="Кездейсоқ бет жүктеу [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Кездейсоқ бет</span></a></li><li id="n-videolesson" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D2%9B%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Уикипедияны үйренуге қатысты YouTube-тағы видео сабақтар"><span>Видео сабақтар</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Richard_Axel" hreflang="en"><span>Ортаққор</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q211940" title="Сілтеме дерек қойма данасымен байланысқан [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Уикидерек элементі</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-lang" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" > <h3 id="p-lang-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Басқа тілдерде</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%84" title="ريتشارد أكسل – араб тілі" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ريتشارد أكسل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="араб тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%84" title="ريتشارد اكسل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ريتشارد اكسل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ri%C3%A7ard_Aksel" title="Riçard Aksel – әзірбайжан тілі" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Riçard Aksel" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="әзірбайжан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%84" title="ریچارد اکسل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ریچارد اکسل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Рычард Эксел – беларусь тілі" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рычард Эксел" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларусь тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2" title="রিচার্ড অ্যাক্সেল – бенгал тілі" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রিচার্ড অ্যাক্সেল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгал тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – каталан тілі" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%DB%8C%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A6%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%84" title="ڕیچارد ئەکسل – сорани тілі" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕیچارد ئەکسل" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="сорани тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – чех тілі" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чех тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – неміс тілі" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="неміс тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – ағылшын тілі" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ағылшын тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – эсперанто тілі" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – испан тілі" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – эстон тілі" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстон тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – баск тілі" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баск тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%84" title="ریچارد اکسل – парсы тілі" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ریچارد اکسل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="парсы тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – фин тілі" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фин тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – француз тілі" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француз тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – ирланд тілі" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирланд тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – галисия тілі" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисия тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A6%27%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%9C" title="ריצ'רד אקסל – иврит тілі" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ריצ'רד אקסל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2" title="रिचर्ड एक्सल – хинди тілі" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रिचर्ड एक्सल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – хорват тілі" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорват тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – венгр тілі" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгр тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – индонезия тілі" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезия тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – идо тілі" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – итальян тілі" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итальян тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BB%E3%83%AB" title="リチャード・アクセル – жапон тілі" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リチャード・アクセル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="жапон тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%B2%98%EB%93%9C_%EC%95%A1%EC%84%A4" title="리처드 액설 – корей тілі" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="리처드 액설" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корей тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricardus_Axel" title="Ricardus Axel – латын тілі" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ricardus Axel" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латын тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BD" title="റിച്ചാർഡ് ആക്സെൽ – малаялам тілі" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റിച്ചാർഡ് ആക്സെൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – малай тілі" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малай тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%84" title="ریچارد اکسل – мазандеран тілі" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ریچارد اکسل" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандеран тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – төменгі неміс тілі" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="төменгі неміс тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – нидерланд тілі" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерланд тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – норвегиялық букмол тілі" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвегиялық букмол тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – окситан тілі" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – поляк тілі" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="поляк тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%86%D8%B1%DA%88_%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%84" title="ریچرڈ ایکسل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ریچرڈ ایکسل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – португал тілі" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португал тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – румын тілі" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румын тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB,_%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Аксел, Ричард – орыс тілі" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аксел, Ричард" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="орыс тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Ричард Аксел – серб тілі" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ричард Аксел" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="серб тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – швед тілі" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="швед тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – суахили тілі" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="ரிச்சார்ட் ஆக்செல் – тамил тілі" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ரிச்சார்ட் ஆக்செல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамил тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – түрік тілі" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="түрік тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Ричард Аксел – татар тілі" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ричард Аксел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татар тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%96%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%95%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Річард Ексел – украин тілі" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Річард Ексел" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украин тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DA%86%D8%B1%DA%88_%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B2%D9%84" title="رچرڈ اکزل – урду тілі" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رچرڈ اکزل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – вьетнам тілі" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнам тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel – йоруба тілі" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Richard Axel" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94" title="理查德·阿克塞尔 – қытай тілі" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="理查德·阿克塞尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="қытай тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q211940#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Тіларалық сілтемелерді өңдеу" class="wbc-editpage">Сілтемелерді өңдеу</a></span></div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Бұл беттің соңғы рет өзгертілген кезі: 2018 ж. мамырдың 17, 18:52.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Мәтін <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike лицензиясы</a> аясында қолжетімді; 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