CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Omalizumab - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"dd4168c3-d933-457a-ad0b-38e37911fee7","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Omalizumab","wgTitle":"Omalizumab","wgCurRevisionId":1279925830,"wgRevisionId":1279925830,"wgArticleId":1255131,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Source attribution","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from May 2024","Drugs with non-standard legal status","Chemicals that do not have a ChemSpider ID assigned","Articles with changed EBI identifier","Articles without InChI source","Drugboxes which contain changes to verified fields","Drugs that are a monoclonal antibody","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from February 2024","All pages needing factual verification","Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from February 2024","Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020","All articles containing potentially dated statements","Monoclonal antibodies","Antiasthmatic drugs","Drugs developed by Hoffmann-La Roche","Drugs developed by Genentech","Drugs developed by Novartis"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Omalizumab","wgRelevantArticleId":1255131,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":50000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q415392","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.19"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Omalizumab.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1239"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Omalizumab.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="826"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="661"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Omalizumab - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omalizumab"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omalizumab"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Omalizumab rootpage-Omalizumab skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Omalizumab" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Omalizumab" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Omalizumab" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Omalizumab" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Medical_uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medical_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Medical uses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Medical_uses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Medical uses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Medical_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Allergic_asthma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Allergic_asthma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Allergic asthma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Allergic_asthma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chronic_spontaneous_urticaria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chronic_spontaneous_urticaria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Chronic spontaneous urticaria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chronic_spontaneous_urticaria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Food_allergy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Food_allergy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Food allergy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Food_allergy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chemistry_and_formulations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chemistry_and_formulations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Chemistry and formulations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chemistry_and_formulations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mechanism_of_action" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mechanism_of_action"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Mechanism of action</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mechanism_of_action-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Mechanism of action subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mechanism_of_action-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-IgE_in_allergic_diseases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IgE_in_allergic_diseases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>IgE in allergic diseases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IgE_in_allergic_diseases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roles_in_non-allergic_diseases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roles_in_non-allergic_diseases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Roles in non-allergic diseases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roles_in_non-allergic_diseases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adverse_effects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adverse_effects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Adverse effects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adverse_effects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Society_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Society_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Society and culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Society_and_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Society and culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Society_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Legal_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Legal status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legal_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Biosimilars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biosimilars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>Biosimilars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biosimilars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Economics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Omalizumab</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="أوماليزوماب – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أوماليزوماب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="امالیزوماب – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="امالیزوماب" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omalizumab" title="Omalizumab – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Omalizumab" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%AC%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B7" title="Ομαλιζουμάμπη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ομαλιζουμάμπη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omalizumab" title="Omalizumab – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Omalizumab" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="امالیزوماب – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="امالیزوماب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omalizumab" title="Omalizumab – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Omalizumab" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%A7%90%EB%A6%AC%EC%A3%BC%EB%A7%99" title="오말리주맙 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오말리주맙" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omalizumab" title="Omalizumab – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Omalizumab" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%82%BA%E3%83%9E%E3%83%96" title="オマリズマブ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オマリズマブ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%93%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AC" title="ଓମାଲିଜୁମାବ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଓମାଲିଜୁମାବ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omalizumab" title="Omalizumab – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Omalizumab" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1" title="Омализумаб – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Омализумаб" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omalizumab" title="Omalizumab – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Omalizumab" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omalizumab" title="Omalizumab – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Omalizumab" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omalizumab" title="Omalizumab – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Omalizumab" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1" title="Омалізумаб – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Омалізумаб" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omalizumab" title="Omalizumab – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Omalizumab" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E9%A6%AC%E7%8F%A0%E5%96%AE%E6%8A%97" title="奧馬珠單抗 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="奧馬珠單抗" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q415392#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Omalizumab" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Omalizumab" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Omalizumab"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Omalizumab"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Omalizumab" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Omalizumab" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&oldid=1279925830" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Omalizumab&id=1279925830&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOmalizumab"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOmalizumab"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Omalizumab&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Omalizumab" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q415392" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Monoclonal antibody medication</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Pharmaceutical compound</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1269284339">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .dark_mode_safe img{background-color:var(--background-color-inverted,#f8f9fa)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .dark_mode_safe img{background-color:var(--background-color-inverted,#f8f9fa)}}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-spacing:2px;"><caption class="infobox-title"><span title="International nonproprietary name (INN): Omalizumab">Omalizumab</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size dark_mode_safe" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Omalizumab.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Omalizumab.png/220px-Omalizumab.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Omalizumab.png/330px-Omalizumab.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Omalizumab.png 2x" data-file-width="431" data-file-height="445" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Omalizumab structure: (A) murine complementarity-determining region and (B) IgG1κ human framework</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Monoclonal_antibody" title="Monoclonal antibody">Monoclonal antibody</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/File:Engineered_monoclonal_antibodies.svg" title="File:Engineered monoclonal antibodies.svg">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Whole antibody</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Monoclonal_antibody#Production" title="Monoclonal antibody">Source</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Humanized" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanized">Humanized</a> (from <a href="/wiki/Mouse" title="Mouse">mouse</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Antigen" title="Antigen">Target</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Immunoglobulin_E" title="Immunoglobulin E">IgE</a> <a href="/wiki/Fc_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Fc region">Fc region</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;">Clinical data</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;">Pronunciation</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span><span title="/u/: 'u' in 'influence'">u</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span></span>/</a></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">OH</span>-mə-<span style="font-size:90%">LI</span>-zoo-mab</i></a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Drug_nomenclature#Trade_names" title="Drug nomenclature">Trade names</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Xolair</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Biosimilar" title="Biosimilar">Biosimilars</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Omalizumab-igec,<sup id="cite_ref-Omlyclo_FDA_label_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omlyclo_FDA_label-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Omlyclo<sup id="cite_ref-Omlyclo_FDA_label_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omlyclo_FDA_label-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Omlyclo_EPAR_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omlyclo_EPAR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Omlyclo_EU_PI_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omlyclo_EU_PI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/American_Society_of_Health-System_Pharmacists" title="American Society of Health-System Pharmacists">AHFS</a>/<a href="/wiki/Drugs.com" title="Drugs.com">Drugs.com</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="www.drugs.com"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugs.com/monograph/omalizumab.html">Monograph</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/MedlinePlus" title="MedlinePlus">MedlinePlus</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="medlineplus.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a603031.html">a603031</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Regulation_of_therapeutic_goods" title="Regulation of therapeutic goods">License data</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="United States">US</abbr></small> <a href="/wiki/DailyMed" title="DailyMed">DailyMed</a>: <span title="dailymed.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?labeltype=all&query=Omalizumab">Omalizumab</a></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Pregnancy_category" title="Pregnancy category">Pregnancy<br />category</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="Australia">AU</abbr>:</small> B1</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Route_of_administration" title="Route of administration">Routes of<br />administration</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Subcutaneous_injection" class="mw-redirect" title="Subcutaneous injection">Subcutaneous</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_Therapeutic_Chemical_Classification_System" title="Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System">ATC code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATC_code_R03" title="ATC code R03">R03DX05</a> (<span title="www.whocc.no"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=R03DX05">WHO</a></span>) </li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;">Legal status</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Regulation_of_therapeutic_goods" title="Regulation of therapeutic goods">Legal status</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="Australia">AU</abbr>:</small> <a href="/wiki/Standard_for_the_Uniform_Scheduling_of_Medicines_and_Poisons#Schedule_4" title="Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Medicines and Poisons">S4</a> (Prescription only)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Xolair_AU_PI_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xolair_AU_PI-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="Canada">CA</abbr></small>: <a href="/wiki/Prescription_drug" title="Prescription drug"> ℞-only</a> / Schedule D<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="United Kingdom">UK</abbr>:</small> <a href="/wiki/Prescription_drug" title="Prescription drug">POM</a> (Prescription only)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="United States">US</abbr>:</small> <a href="/wiki/Boxed_warning" title="Boxed warning"><span style="border:thin solid black;">WARNING</span></a><sup id="cite_ref-FDA-AllBoxedWarnings_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDA-AllBoxedWarnings-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Rx-only<sup id="cite_ref-Xolair_FDA_label_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xolair_FDA_label-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="European Union">EU</abbr>:</small> Rx-only<sup id="cite_ref-Xolair_EPAR_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xolair_EPAR-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Omlyclo_EPAR_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omlyclo_EPAR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Pharmacokinetics" title="Pharmacokinetics">Pharmacokinetic</a> data</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Biological_half-life" title="Biological half-life">Elimination <span class="nowrap">half-life</span></a></th><td class="infobox-data">26 days</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/CAS_Registry_Number" title="CAS Registry Number">CAS Number</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="commonchemistry.cas.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=242138-07-4">242138-07-4</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank">DrugBank</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.drugbank.ca"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00043">DB00043</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>none</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Unique_Ingredient_Identifier" title="Unique Ingredient Identifier">UNII</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="precision.fda.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://precision.fda.gov/uniisearch/srs/unii/2P471X1Z11">2P471X1Z11</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/KEGG" title="KEGG">KEGG</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.kegg.jp"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kegg.jp/entry/D05251">D05251</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ChEMBL" title="ChEMBL">ChEMBL</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/ChEMBL1201589">ChEMBL1201589</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;">Chemical and physical data</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Chemical_formula" title="Chemical formula">Formula</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Carbon">C</span><sub>6450</sub><span title="Hydrogen">H</span><sub>9916</sub><span title="Nitrogen">N</span><sub>1714</sub><span title="Oxygen">O</span><sub>2023</sub><span title="Sulfur">S</span><sub>38</sub></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Molar_mass" title="Molar mass">Molar mass</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005145058530000000♠"></span>145<span style="margin-left:.25em;">058</span>.53</span> g·mol<sup>−1</sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"> <sup><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Chemicals/Chembox_validation" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation">(what is this?)</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><span class="nobold">  <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ComparePages&rev1=458283563&page2=Omalizumab">(verify)</a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Omalizumab</b>, sold under the brand name <b>Xolair</b> among others, is an injectable <a href="/wiki/Medication" title="Medication">medication</a> to treat severe persistent allergic forms of <a href="/wiki/Asthma" title="Asthma">asthma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nasal_polyp" title="Nasal polyp">nasal polyps</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urticaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Urticaria">urticaria</a> (hives),<sup id="cite_ref-Xolair_FDA_label_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xolair_FDA_label-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Xolair_EPAR_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xolair_EPAR-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Immunoglobulin_E" title="Immunoglobulin E">immunoglobulin E</a>-mediated <a href="/wiki/Food_allergy" title="Food allergy">food allergy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FDA_PR_20240216_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDA_PR_20240216-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Omalizumab is a <a href="/wiki/Recombinant_DNA" title="Recombinant DNA">recombinant DNA</a>-derived humanized <a href="/wiki/IgG1" class="mw-redirect" title="IgG1">IgG1</a> <a href="/wiki/Monoclonal_antibody" title="Monoclonal antibody">monoclonal antibody</a> which specifically binds to free human <a href="/wiki/Immunoglobulin_E" title="Immunoglobulin E">immunoglobulin E</a> (IgE) in the blood and <a href="/wiki/Interstitial_fluid" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstitial fluid">interstitial fluid</a> and to the membrane-bound form of IgE (mIgE) on the surface of mIgE-expressing <a href="/wiki/B_lymphocytes" class="mw-redirect" title="B lymphocytes">B lymphocytes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid8360482_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid8360482-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid11704611_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid11704611-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its primary adverse effect is <a href="/wiki/Anaphylaxis" title="Anaphylaxis">anaphylaxis</a>. </p><p>In 1987, <a href="/wiki/Tanox" title="Tanox">Tanox</a> filed its first patent application on the anti-IgE drug candidate.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Scientist_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Scientist-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Omalizumab was approved for medical use in the United States in June 2003, and authorized in the European Union in October 2005. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medical_uses">Medical uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Medical uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the United States, omalizumab is <a href="/wiki/Indication_(medicine)" title="Indication (medicine)">indicated</a> to treat moderate to severe persistent asthma; chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps; <a href="/wiki/Immunoglobulin_E" title="Immunoglobulin E">immunoglobulin E</a> (IgE)-mediated food allergy; and <a href="/wiki/Chronic_spontaneous_urticaria" title="Chronic spontaneous urticaria">chronic spontaneous urticaria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Xolair_FDA_label_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xolair_FDA_label-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Omlyclo_FDA_label_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omlyclo_FDA_label-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the European Union, omalizumab is indicated to treat allergic asthma, chronic (long-term) spontaneous urticaria (itchy rash), and severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.<sup id="cite_ref-Xolair_EPAR_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xolair_EPAR-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Australia, omalizumab is indicated to treat allergic asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria.<sup id="cite_ref-Xolair_AU_PI_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xolair_AU_PI-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Allergic_asthma">Allergic asthma</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Allergic asthma"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Omalizumab is used to treat people with severe, persistent allergic asthma that is not controlled with oral or injectable corticosteroids.<sup id="cite_ref-AFP05_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFP05-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those patients have already failed step I to step IV treatments and are in step V of treatment. Such a treatment scheme is consistent with the widely adopted guidelines for the management and prevention of asthma, issued by Global Initiative of Asthma (GINA), which was a medical guidelines organization launched in 1993 in collaboration with the <a href="/wiki/National_Heart,_Lung,_and_Blood_Institute" title="National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute">National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health</a>, US, and the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2014 Cochrane review found that omalizumab was effective in reducing exacerbations and hospitalisations related to asthma when used as an adjunct to steroids.<sup id="cite_ref-Normansell_2014_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Normansell_2014-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chronic_spontaneous_urticaria">Chronic spontaneous urticaria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Chronic spontaneous urticaria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Omalizumab is indicated for <a href="/wiki/Chronic_spontaneous_urticaria" title="Chronic spontaneous urticaria">chronic spontaneous urticaria</a> in adults and adolescents (>12 years old) poorly responsive to <a href="/wiki/H1_antagonist" title="H1 antagonist">H1</a>-<a href="/wiki/Antihistamine" title="Antihistamine">antihistamine</a> therapy.<sup id="cite_ref-Urgent_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Urgent-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Berstein_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berstein-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When administered subcutaneously once every four weeks, omalizumab has been shown to significantly decrease itch severity and hive count.<sup id="cite_ref-Urgent_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Urgent-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Berstein_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berstein-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Food_allergy">Food allergy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Food allergy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 2024, the US <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA) approved an update to the prescription label to include an indication for immunoglobulin E-mediated <a href="/wiki/Food_allergy" title="Food allergy">food allergy</a> for the reduction of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, which may occur with accidental exposure to one or more foods.<sup id="cite_ref-FDA_PR_20240216_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDA_PR_20240216-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Omalizumab can be used as a monotherapy or in combination with oral immunotherapy.<sup id="cite_ref-Zuber2023_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zuber2023-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chemistry_and_formulations">Chemistry and formulations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Chemistry and formulations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Omalizumab is a <a href="/wiki/Glycosylated" class="mw-redirect" title="Glycosylated">glycosylated</a> IgG1 monoclonal antibody produced by cells of an adapted <a href="/wiki/Chinese_hamster_ovary" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese hamster ovary">Chinese hamster ovary</a> (CHO) cell line.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid17383539_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid17383539-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The antibody molecules are secreted by the host cells in a <a href="/wiki/Cell_culture" title="Cell culture">cell culture</a> process employing large-scale <a href="/wiki/Bioreactor" title="Bioreactor">bioreactors</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag needs references to reliable medical sources. (February 2024)">medical citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> At the end of culturing, the IgG contained in the medium is purified by an affinity-column using <a href="/wiki/Protein_A" title="Protein A">Protein A</a> as the adsorbent, followed by <a href="/wiki/Chromatography" title="Chromatography">chromatography</a> steps, and finally concentrated by UF/DF (paired ultra filtration/depth filtration).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)"><span title="Material near this tag needs references to reliable medical sources. (February 2024)">medical citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mechanism_of_action">Mechanism of action</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Mechanism of action"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The rationale for designing the anti-IgE therapeutic antibodies and the pharmacological mechanisms of anti-IgE therapy have been summarized in articles by the inventor of the anti-IgE therapy.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid17383539_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid17383539-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid10657120_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid10657120-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid16750976_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16750976-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (February 2024)">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Unlike an ordinary anti-IgE antibody, it does not bind to IgE that is already bound by the <a href="/wiki/High_affinity_IgE_receptor" class="mw-redirect" title="High affinity IgE receptor">high affinity IgE receptor</a> (FcεRI) on the surface of <a href="/wiki/Mast_cells" class="mw-redirect" title="Mast cells">mast cells</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basophils" class="mw-redirect" title="Basophils">basophils</a>, and antigen-presenting <a href="/wiki/Dendritic_cells" class="mw-redirect" title="Dendritic cells">dendritic cells</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid17383539_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid17383539-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Perhaps the most dramatic effect, which was not foreseen at the time when the anti-IgE therapy was designed and which was discovered during clinical trials, is that as the free IgE in patients is depleted by omalizumab, the FcεRI receptors on basophils, mast cells, and dendritic cells are gradually down-regulated with somewhat different kinetics, rendering those cells much less sensitive to stimulation by allergens.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid9013989_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9013989-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid14657874_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid14657874-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid15748543_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid15748543-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, therapeutic anti-IgE antibodies such as omalizumab represent a new class of potent <a href="/wiki/Mast_cell_stabilizer" title="Mast cell stabilizer">mast cell stabilizers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16750976_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16750976-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is now thought to be the fundamental mechanism for omalizumab's effects on allergic and non-allergic diseases involving mast cell degranulation. Many investigators have identified or elucidated a host of pharmacological effects, which help bring down the inflammatory status in omalizumab-treated patients.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid15836747_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid15836747-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid15753888_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid15753888-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid19839977_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid19839977-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IgE_in_allergic_diseases">IgE in allergic diseases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: IgE in allergic diseases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In conjunction with achieving the practical goal to investigate the applicability of the anti-IgE therapy as a potential treatment for allergic diseases, the many corporate-sponsored clinical trials of <a href="/wiki/TNX-901" class="mw-redirect" title="TNX-901">TNX-901</a> and omalizumab on asthma, allergic rhinitis, peanut allergy, chronic idiopathic urticaria, atopic dermatitis, and other allergic diseases, have helped define the role of IgE in the pathogenesis of these prevalent allergic diseases. For example, the clinical trial results of omalizumab on asthma have unambiguously settled the long debate on whether IgE plays a central role in the pathogenesis of asthma.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid15753888_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid15753888-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Numerous investigator-initiated case studies or small-scale pilot studies of omalizumab have been performed on various allergic diseases and several non-allergic diseases, especially inflammatory skin diseases. These diseases include atopic dermatitis, various subtypes of physical urticaria (solar, cold-induced, local heat-induced, or delayed pressure-induced), and a spectrum of relatively less prevalent allergic or non-allergic diseases or conditions, such as <a href="/wiki/Allergic_bronchopulmonary_aspergillosis" title="Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis">allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid17329558_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid17329558-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> cutaneous or systemic <a href="/wiki/Mastocytosis" title="Mastocytosis">mastocytosis</a>, bee venom sensitivity (anaphylaxis),<sup id="cite_ref-pmid20568389_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid20568389-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> idiopathic anaphylaxis, eosinophil-associated gastrointestinal disorder, <a href="/wiki/Bullous_pemphigoid" title="Bullous pemphigoid">bullous pemphigoid</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid19152970_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid19152970-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Interstitial_cystitis" title="Interstitial cystitis">interstitial cystitis</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16771742_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16771742-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> nasal polyps, and idiopathic <a href="/wiki/Angiodema" class="mw-redirect" title="Angiodema">angioedema</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid17931567_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid17931567-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roles_in_non-allergic_diseases">Roles in non-allergic diseases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Roles in non-allergic diseases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several groups have reported clinical trial results that omalizumab may be effective in patients with non-allergic asthma.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid23350994_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid23350994-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This seems to be contrary to the general understanding of the pharmacological mechanisms of the anti-IgE therapy discussed above.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid23709757_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid23709757-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, among the diseases in which omalizumab has been studied for efficacy and safety, some are not allergic diseases, because hypersensitivity reactions toward external antigens is not involved. For example, a portion of the cases of chronic idiopathic urticaria<sup id="cite_ref-pmid23432142_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid23432142-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid23810097_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid23810097-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and all cases of <a href="/wiki/Bullous_pemphigoid" title="Bullous pemphigoid">bullous pemphigoid</a><sup id="cite_ref-pmid19152970_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid19152970-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are clearly autoimmune diseases. For the remaining cases of chronic idiopathic urticaria and those of the different subtypes of physical urticaria, the internal abnormalities leading to the disease manifestation have not been identified. Notwithstanding these developments, it is apparent that many of those diseases involve inflammatory reactions in the skin and the activation of mast cells. An increasing series of papers have shown that IgE potentiates the activities of mast cells,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid21713650_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid21713650-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while omalizumab can function as a <a href="/wiki/Mast_cell_stabilizer" title="Mast cell stabilizer">mast cell-stabilizing agent</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16750976_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16750976-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> rendering these inflammatory cells less active. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adverse_effects">Adverse effects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Adverse effects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Omalizumab's primary adverse effect is <a href="/wiki/Anaphylaxis" title="Anaphylaxis">anaphylaxis</a> (a life-threatening systemic allergic reaction), with a rate of occurrence of 1 to 2 patients per 1,000.<sup id="cite_ref-AFP05_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFP05-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Cochrane review found <a href="/wiki/Injection_site_reaction" title="Injection site reaction">injection site reactions</a> to be the main reported adverse reaction.<sup id="cite_ref-Normansell_2014_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Normansell_2014-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Limited studies are available to confirm whether omalizumab increases the risk of developing cardiovascular (CV) or cerebrovascular disease (CBV). Cohort and randomised controlled studies have shown that the risk of developing CV/CBV disease is around 20–32% higher in patients taking omalizumab compared to those not taking omalizumab.<sup id="cite_ref-Iribarren_2017_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iribarren_2017-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Iribarren_2017b_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iribarren_2017b-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additional multi-national, longitudinal studies with increased subject numbers are required to provide further clarification into the relationship and clinical significance between omalizumab and CV/CBV disease.<sup id="cite_ref-Iribarren_2017_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iribarren_2017-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Iribarren_2017b_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iribarren_2017b-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the severity of CV/CBVs side effects, clinicians and health care providers should continue to remain vigilant and monitor side effects when treating patients with omalizumab. </p><p>IgE may play an important role in the immune system's recognition of cancer cells.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid12672069_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid12672069-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Therefore, indiscriminate blocking of IgE-<a href="/wiki/Receptor_(biochemistry)" title="Receptor (biochemistry)">receptor</a> interaction with omalizumab may have unforeseen risks. The data pooled in 2003 from the earlier phase I to phase III clinical trials showed a numeric imbalance in malignancies arising in omalizumab recipients (0.5%) compared with control subjects (0.2%).<sup id="cite_ref-AFP05_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFP05-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2012 study found that a causal link with cancer was unlikely.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid22365654_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid22365654-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1983, the product concept of anti-IgE antibodies against autologous IgE epitopes was discovered by perinatal monoclonal IgE immunization in rodents prior to the emergence of endogenous self IgE<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by Swey-Shen Chen at the Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) and in Case Western Reserve University (CWRU),<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and later confirmed by Dr. Alfred Nisonoff at Brandeis University using monoclonal IgE in incomplete Freund's adjuvant in perinates.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Tanox" title="Tanox">Tanox</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Biopharmaceutical" title="Biopharmaceutical">biopharmaceutical</a> company based in Houston, Texas, started the anti-IgE program, created antibody drug candidates, and in 1987 filed its first patent application on the anti-IgE therapeutic approach.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Scientist_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Scientist-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1988, the company converted one candidate antibody to a <a href="/wiki/Chimeric_antibody" class="mw-redirect" title="Chimeric antibody">chimeric antibody</a> (which was later named CGP51901 and further developed into a humanized antibody, <a href="/wiki/TNX-901" class="mw-redirect" title="TNX-901">TNX-901</a> or <a href="/wiki/Talizumab" title="Talizumab">talizumab</a>). The anti-IgE therapeutic concept was not well received in the early period of the program. Representatives of <a href="/wiki/Ciba-Geigy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciba-Geigy">Ciba-Geigy</a> (which merged with <a href="/wiki/Sandoz" title="Sandoz">Sandoz</a> to form Novartis in 1996) thought the anti-IgE program scientifically interesting and executives from Tanox and Ciba-Geigy signed a collaborative agreement in 1990 to develop the anti-IgE program.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Scientist_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Scientist-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1991, after several rounds of pre-IND ("<a href="/wiki/Investigational_new_drug" class="mw-redirect" title="Investigational new drug">investigational new drug</a>") meetings with officials/scientists of the FDA, the FDA finally allowed CGP51901 to be tested in human subjects. This approval of IND for an anti-IgE antibody for the first time was regarded a brave demonstration of professionalism for both the FDA officials and the Tanox/Ciba-Geigy team. The scientists participating in the pre-IND discussion comprehended that an ordinary anti-IgE antibody (i.e., one without the set of the binding specificity of CGP51901) would invariably activate mast cells and basophils and cause <a href="/wiki/Anaphylactic_shock" class="mw-redirect" title="Anaphylactic shock">anaphylactic shock</a> and probably deaths among injected persons. Notwithstanding this concern, they came to the same view that based on the presented scientific data, CGP51901 should have an absolutely required clean distinction from an ordinary anti-IgE antibody in this regard.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid1369991_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid1369991-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid8362344_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid8362344-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1991–1993, researchers from Ciba-Geigy and Tanox and a leading clinical research group (headed by Stephen Holgate) in the asthma/allergy field ran a successful Phase I human clinical trial of CGP51901 in <a href="/wiki/Southampton,_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Southampton, England">Southampton, England</a>, and showed that the tested antibody is safe.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid9062345_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9062345-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1994–1995, the Tanox/Ciba-Geigy team conducted a Phase II trial of CGP51901 in patients with severe allergic rhinitis in Texas and showed that CGP51901 is safe and efficacious in relieving allergic symptoms.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid9433396_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9433396-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While the Tanox/Ciba-Geigy anti-IgE program was gaining momentum, Genentech announced in 1993 that it also had an anti-IgE program for developing antibody therapeutics for asthma and other allergic diseases. Scientists in Genentech had made a mouse anti-IgE monoclonal antibody with the binding specificity similar to that of CGP51901 and subsequently humanized the antibody (the antibody was later named "omalizumab").<sup id="cite_ref-pmid8360482_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid8360482-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This caused great concerns in Tanox, because it had disclosed its anti-IgE technology and sent its anti-IgE antibody candidate, which was to become CGP51901 and TNX-901, to Genentech in 1989 for the latter to evaluate for the purpose of considering establishing a corporate partnership.<sup id="cite_ref-Drug_War_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drug_War-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Having failed to receive reconciliation from Genentech, Tanox filed a lawsuit against Genentech for <a href="/wiki/Trade_secret" title="Trade secret">trade secret</a> violation.<sup id="cite_ref-Drug_War_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drug_War-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Coincidentally, Tanox started to receive major patents for its anti-IgE invention from the European Union and from the U.S. in 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-anti-IgE_patents_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anti-IgE_patents-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After a 3-year legal entanglement, Genentech and Tanox settled their lawsuits out-of-court and Tanox, Novartis, and Genentech formed a tripartite partnership to jointly develop the anti-IgE program in 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-Tripartite_Agreement_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tripartite_Agreement-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Omalizumab became the drug of choice for further development, because it had a better developed manufacturing process than TNX-901.<sup id="cite_ref-Tripartite_Agreement_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tripartite_Agreement-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A large number of corporate-sponsored clinical trials and physician-initiated case series studies on omalizumab have been planned and performed since 1996 and a large number of research reports, especially those of clinical trial results, have been published since around 2000, as described and referenced in other sections of this article. In 2007, Genentech bought Tanox at $20/share for approximately $900 Million.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Society_and_culture">Society and culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Society and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legal_status">Legal status</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Legal status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Omalizumab was approved for medical use in the US in June 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2005, EMA issued the marketing authorization for omalizumab for the therapeutic indication of obstructive airway disease to Novartis.<sup id="cite_ref-Xolair_EPAR_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xolair_EPAR-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The FDA approval of omalizumab for food allergy in February 2024 was based on the OUtMATCH trial, a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study that evaluated its efficacy and safety in those allergic to <a href="/wiki/Peanut" title="Peanut">peanut</a> and two other foods, including milk, egg, wheat, cashew, hazelnut, or walnut.<sup id="cite_ref-FDA_PR_20240216_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDA_PR_20240216-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The FDA granted the application <a href="/wiki/Breakthrough_therapy" title="Breakthrough therapy">breakthrough therapy</a> designation.<sup id="cite_ref-CY_2024_CDER_Breakthrough_Therapy_Calendar_Year_Approvals_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CY_2024_CDER_Breakthrough_Therapy_Calendar_Year_Approvals-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Biosimilars">Biosimilars</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Biosimilars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In March 2024, the <a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Medicinal_Products_for_Human_Use" title="Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use">Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use</a> (CHMP) of the <a href="/wiki/European_Medicines_Agency" title="European Medicines Agency">European Medicines Agency</a> (EMA) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Omlyclo, intended for the treatment of severe persistent allergic asthma, severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU).<sup id="cite_ref-Omlyclo_EPAR_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omlyclo_EPAR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The applicant for this medicinal product is Celltrion Healthcare Hungary Kft.<sup id="cite_ref-Omlyclo_EPAR_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omlyclo_EPAR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Omlyclo is a biosimilar medicinal product.<sup id="cite_ref-Omlyclo_EPAR_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omlyclo_EPAR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is highly similar to the reference product Xolair (omalizumab), which was authorized in the EU in October 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-Omlyclo_EPAR_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omlyclo_EPAR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Omlyclo was approved for medical use in the European Union in May 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-Omlyclo_EPAR_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omlyclo_EPAR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Omlyclo_EU_PI_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omlyclo_EU_PI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Omalizumab-igec (Omlyclo) was approved for medical use in the United States in March 2025.<sup id="cite_ref-Omlyclo_FDA_label_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omlyclo_FDA_label-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economics">Economics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Economics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In August 2010, the <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_for_Health_and_Care_Excellence" title="National Institute for Health and Care Excellence">National Institute for Clinical Excellence</a> (NICE) in the United Kingdom ruled that omalizumab should not be prescribed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Health_Service" title="National Health Service">National Health Service</a> (NHS) to children under 12, as the high costs of the compound, over £250 per vial, did not represent a sufficiently high increase in <a href="/wiki/Quality_of_life" title="Quality of life">quality of life</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in March 2013, NICE issued "final draft guidance" about the allowance of omalizumab, recommending the medication as an option for treating severe, persistent allergic asthma in adults, adolescents and children following additional analyses and submission of a "patient access scheme" by <a href="/wiki/Novartis" title="Novartis">Novartis</a>, the manufacturer.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2013, a senior Dutch researcher at <a href="/wiki/Leiden_University_Medical_Center" title="Leiden University Medical Center">Leiden University Medical Center</a> responsible for the TIGER trial to treat <a href="/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis">rheumatoid arthritis</a> was fired for <a href="/wiki/Research_fraud" class="mw-redirect" title="Research fraud">research fraud</a>. The TIGER trial was halted as a result.<sup id="cite_ref-fraud_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fraud-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2020<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> in the United States, omalizumab cost about <span style="white-space: nowrap">US$540</span> to $4,600 per month.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Omlyclo_FDA_label-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Omlyclo_FDA_label_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omlyclo_FDA_label_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omlyclo_FDA_label_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omlyclo_FDA_label_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2025/761399s000lbl.pdf">https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2025/761399s000lbl.pdf</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Omlyclo_EPAR-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Omlyclo_EPAR_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omlyclo_EPAR_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omlyclo_EPAR_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omlyclo_EPAR_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omlyclo_EPAR_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omlyclo_EPAR_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omlyclo_EPAR_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/omlyclo">"Omlyclo EPAR"</a>. <i>European Medicines Agency</i>. 21 March 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240323162041/https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/omlyclo">Archived</a> from the original on 23 March 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=European+Medicines+Agency&rft.atitle=Omlyclo+EPAR&rft.date=2024-03-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ema.europa.eu%2Fen%2Fmedicines%2Fhuman%2FEPAR%2Fomlyclo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span> Text was copied from this source which is copyright European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Omlyclo_EU_PI-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Omlyclo_EU_PI_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Omlyclo_EU_PI_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/h1817.htm">"Omlyclo Product information"</a>. <i>Union Register of medicinal products</i>. 24 May 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527202533/https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/h1817.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 27 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Union+Register+of+medicinal+products&rft.atitle=Omlyclo+Product+information&rft.date=2024-05-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fhealth%2Fdocuments%2Fcommunity-register%2Fhtml%2Fh1817.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FDA-AllBoxedWarnings-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FDA-AllBoxedWarnings_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nctr-crs.fda.gov/fdalabel/ui/spl-summaries/criteria/343802">"FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)"</a>. <i>nctr-crs.fda.gov</i>. <a href="/wiki/FDA" class="mw-redirect" title="FDA">FDA</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nctr-crs.fda.gov&rft.atitle=FDA-sourced+list+of+all+drugs+with+black+box+warnings+%28Use+Download+Full+Results+and+View+Query+links.%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnctr-crs.fda.gov%2Ffdalabel%2Fui%2Fspl-summaries%2Fcriteria%2F343802&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tga.gov.au/sites/default/files/auspar-omalizumab-210415.pdf">"Australian Public Assessment Report for Omalizumab"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Therapeutic Goods Administration</i>. April 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230106014143/https://www.tga.gov.au/sites/default/files/auspar-omalizumab-210415.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 6 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Therapeutic+Goods+Administration&rft.atitle=Australian+Public+Assessment+Report+for+Omalizumab&rft.date=2021-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tga.gov.au%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fauspar-omalizumab-210415.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Xolair_AU_PI-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Xolair_AU_PI_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Xolair_AU_PI_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tga.gov.au/sites/default/files/auspar-omalizumab-rch-160622-pi.pdf">"AusPAR Xolair Omalizumab Novartis Pharmaceuticals Australia Pty Ltd PM-2014-03868-1-5"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Therapeutic Goods Administration</i>. 22 June 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210613044656/https://www.tga.gov.au/sites/default/files/auspar-omalizumab-rch-160622-pi.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 13 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Therapeutic+Goods+Administration&rft.atitle=AusPAR+Xolair+Omalizumab+Novartis+Pharmaceuticals+Australia+Pty+Ltd+PM-2014-03868-1-5&rft.date=2016-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tga.gov.au%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fauspar-omalizumab-rch-160622-pi.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hpr-rps.hres.ca/reg-content/regulatory-decision-summary-detail.php?linkID=RDS00230">"Regulatory Decision Summary - Xolair - Health Canada"</a>. <i>Government of Canada</i>. 14 July 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230106013558/https://hpr-rps.hres.ca/reg-content/regulatory-decision-summary-detail.php?linkID=RDS00230">Archived</a> from the original on 6 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Government+of+Canada&rft.atitle=Regulatory+Decision+Summary+-+Xolair+-+Health+Canada&rft.date=2021-07-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhpr-rps.hres.ca%2Freg-content%2Fregulatory-decision-summary-detail.php%3FlinkID%3DRDS00230&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNovartis_Pharmaceuticals_Canada_Inc2017" class="citation web cs1">Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc (26 September 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pdf.hres.ca/dpd_pm/00041419.pdf">"Product Monograph: Pr Xolair Omalizumab"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210828195123/https://pdf.hres.ca/dpd_pm/00041419.PDF">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 28 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Product+Monograph%3A+Pr+Xolair+Omalizumab&rft.date=2017-09-26&rft.au=Novartis+Pharmaceuticals+Canada+Inc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpdf.hres.ca%2Fdpd_pm%2F00041419.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dhpp.hpfb-dgpsa.ca/review-documents/resource/RDS1708454547343">"Regulatory Decision Summary for Xolair"</a>. <i>Drug and Health Products Portal</i>. 8 February 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240402033410/https://dhpp.hpfb-dgpsa.ca/review-documents/resource/RDS1708454547343">Archived</a> from the original on 2 April 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+Health+Products+Portal&rft.atitle=Regulatory+Decision+Summary+for+Xolair&rft.date=2024-02-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdhpp.hpfb-dgpsa.ca%2Freview-documents%2Fresource%2FRDS1708454547343&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/5327/smpc">"Xolair 75 mg solution for injection in pre-filled syringe - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)"</a>. <i>(emc)</i>. 18 August 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210613044701/https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/5327/smpc">Archived</a> from the original on 13 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%28emc%29&rft.atitle=Xolair+75+mg+solution+for+injection+in+pre-filled+syringe+-+Summary+of+Product+Characteristics+%28SmPC%29&rft.date=2020-08-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicines.org.uk%2Femc%2Fproduct%2F5327%2Fsmpc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Xolair_FDA_label-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Xolair_FDA_label_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Xolair_FDA_label_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Xolair_FDA_label_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=7f6a2191-adfb-48b9-9bfa-0d9920479f0d">"Xolair- omalizumab injection, solution; Xolair PFS- omalizumab injection, solution; Xolair- omalizumab injection, solution"</a>. <i>DailyMed</i>. 20 November 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201128162313/https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=7f6a2191-adfb-48b9-9bfa-0d9920479f0d">Archived</a> from the original on 28 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DailyMed&rft.atitle=Xolair-+omalizumab+injection%2C+solution%3B+Xolair+PFS-+omalizumab+injection%2C+solution%3B+Xolair-+omalizumab+injection%2C+solution&rft.date=2024-11-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdailymed.nlm.nih.gov%2Fdailymed%2FdrugInfo.cfm%3Fsetid%3D7f6a2191-adfb-48b9-9bfa-0d9920479f0d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Xolair_EPAR-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Xolair_EPAR_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Xolair_EPAR_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Xolair_EPAR_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Xolair_EPAR_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/xolair">"Xolair EPAR"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/European_Medicines_Agency" title="European Medicines Agency">European Medicines Agency</a> (EMA)</i>. 17 September 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210613044710/https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/xolair">Archived</a> from the original on 13 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=European+Medicines+Agency+%28EMA%29&rft.atitle=Xolair+EPAR&rft.date=2018-09-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ema.europa.eu%2Fen%2Fmedicines%2Fhuman%2FEPAR%2Fxolair&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FDA_PR_20240216-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FDA_PR_20240216_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FDA_PR_20240216_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FDA_PR_20240216_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-medication-help-reduce-allergic-reactions-multiple-foods-after-accidental">"FDA Approves First Medication to Help Reduce Allergic Reactions to Multiple Foods After Accidental Exposure"</a>. <i>U.S. <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA)</i> (Press release). 16 February 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240219023517/https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-medication-help-reduce-allergic-reactions-multiple-foods-after-accidental">Archived</a> from the original on 19 February 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FDA+Approves+First+Medication+to+Help+Reduce+Allergic+Reactions+to+Multiple+Foods+After+Accidental+Exposure&rft.date=2024-02-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fda.gov%2Fnews-events%2Fpress-announcements%2Ffda-approves-first-medication-help-reduce-allergic-reactions-multiple-foods-after-accidental&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid8360482-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid8360482_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid8360482_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPrestaLahrShieldsPorter1993" class="citation journal cs1">Presta LG, Lahr SJ, Shields RL, Porter JP, Gorman CM, Fendly BM, et al. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4049%2Fjimmunol.151.5.2623">"Humanization of an Antibody Directed Against IgE"</a>. <i>The Journal of Immunology</i>. <b>151</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">2623–</span>2632. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4049%2Fjimmunol.151.5.2623">10.4049/jimmunol.151.5.2623</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8360482">8360482</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Immunology&rft.atitle=Humanization+of+an+Antibody+Directed+Against+IgE&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E2623-%3C%2Fspan%3E2632&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4049%2Fjimmunol.151.5.2623&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F8360482&rft.aulast=Presta&rft.aufirst=LG&rft.au=Lahr%2C+SJ&rft.au=Shields%2C+RL&rft.au=Porter%2C+JP&rft.au=Gorman%2C+CM&rft.au=Fendly%2C+BM&rft.au=Jardieu%2C+PM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.4049%252Fjimmunol.151.5.2623&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid11704611-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid11704611_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchulman2001" class="citation journal cs1">Schulman ES (October 2001). "Development of a monoclonal anti-immunoglobulin E antibody (omalizumab) for the treatment of allergic respiratory disorders". <i>Am J Respir Crit Care Med</i>. <b>164</b> (8 Pt 2): S6–11. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1164%2Fajrccm.164.supplement_1.2103025">10.1164/ajrccm.164.supplement_1.2103025</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11704611">11704611</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Am+J+Respir+Crit+Care+Med&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+monoclonal+anti-immunoglobulin+E+antibody+%28omalizumab%29+for+the+treatment+of+allergic+respiratory+disorders&rft.volume=164&rft.issue=8+Pt+2&rft.pages=S6-11&rft.date=2001-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1164%2Fajrccm.164.supplement_1.2103025&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11704611&rft.aulast=Schulman&rft.aufirst=ES&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Scientist-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Scientist_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Scientist_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Scientist_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTwombly1991" class="citation web cs1">Twombly R (7 January 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160827002525/http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view%2FarticleNo%2F11548%2Ftitle%2FCouple-Lead-Quest-For-New-Allergy-Drug%2F">"Couple Lead Quest For New Allergy Drug"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Scientist_(magazine)" title="The Scientist (magazine)">The Scientist</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-scientist.com/couple-lead-quest-for-new-allergy-drug-60869">the original</a> on 27 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Scientist&rft.atitle=Couple+Lead+Quest+For+New+Allergy+Drug&rft.date=1991-01-07&rft.aulast=Twombly&rft.aufirst=Renee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-scientist.com%2Fcouple-lead-quest-for-new-allergy-drug-60869&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AFP05-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AFP05_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AFP05_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AFP05_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavydov2005" class="citation journal cs1">Davydov L (January 2005). "Omalizumab (Xolair) for treatment of asthma". <i>Am Fam Physician</i>. <b>71</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">341–</span>2. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15686303">15686303</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Am+Fam+Physician&rft.atitle=Omalizumab+%28Xolair%29+for+treatment+of+asthma&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E341-%3C%2Fspan%3E2&rft.date=2005-01&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15686303&rft.aulast=Davydov&rft.aufirst=L&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130521081528/http://www.ginasthma.org/documents/1">"Pocket guide for asthma management and prevention. Global Initiatives for Asthma"</a>. 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ginasthma.org/documents/1">the original</a> on 21 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pocket+guide+for+asthma+management+and+prevention.+Global+Initiatives+for+Asthma.&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ginasthma.org%2Fdocuments%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Normansell_2014-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Normansell_2014_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Normansell_2014_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNormansellWalkerMilanWalters2014" class="citation journal cs1">Normansell R, Walker S, Milan SJ, Walters EH, Nair P (January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10981784">"Omalizumab for asthma in adults and children"</a>. <i>The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews</i>. <b>2014</b> (1): CD003559. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F14651858.CD003559.pub4">10.1002/14651858.CD003559.pub4</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10981784">10981784</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24414989">24414989</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cochrane+Database+of+Systematic+Reviews&rft.atitle=Omalizumab+for+asthma+in+adults+and+children&rft.volume=2014&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=CD003559&rft.date=2014-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10981784%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24414989&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F14651858.CD003559.pub4&rft.aulast=Normansell&rft.aufirst=R&rft.au=Walker%2C+S&rft.au=Milan%2C+SJ&rft.au=Walters%2C+EH&rft.au=Nair%2C+P&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10981784&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Urgent-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Urgent_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Urgent_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFUrgertvan_den_ElzenKnulstFedorowicz2015" class="citation journal cs1">Urgert MC, van den Elzen MT, Knulst AC, Fedorowicz Z, van Zuuren EJ (August 2015). "Omalizumab in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria: a systematic review and GRADE assessment". <i>The British Journal of Dermatology</i>. <b>173</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">404–</span>15. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fbjd.13845">10.1111/bjd.13845</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25891046">25891046</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:22874727">22874727</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+British+Journal+of+Dermatology&rft.atitle=Omalizumab+in+patients+with+chronic+spontaneous+urticaria%3A+a+systematic+review+and+GRADE+assessment&rft.volume=173&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E404-%3C%2Fspan%3E15&rft.date=2015-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A22874727%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25891046&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fbjd.13845&rft.aulast=Urgert&rft.aufirst=MC&rft.au=van+den+Elzen%2C+MT&rft.au=Knulst%2C+AC&rft.au=Fedorowicz%2C+Z&rft.au=van+Zuuren%2C+EJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Berstein-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Berstein_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Berstein_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBernsteinKavatiTharpOrtiz2018" class="citation journal cs1">Bernstein JA, Kavati A, Tharp MD, Ortiz B, MacDonald K, Denhaerynck K, et al. (April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14712598.2018.1438406">"Effectiveness of omalizumab in adolescent and adult patients with chronic idiopathic/spontaneous urticaria: a systematic review of 'real-world' evidence"</a>. <i>Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy</i>. <b>18</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">425–</span>448. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14712598.2018.1438406">10.1080/14712598.2018.1438406</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29431518">29431518</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Expert+Opinion+on+Biological+Therapy&rft.atitle=Effectiveness+of+omalizumab+in+adolescent+and+adult+patients+with+chronic+idiopathic%2Fspontaneous+urticaria%3A+a+systematic+review+of+%27real-world%27+evidence&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E425-%3C%2Fspan%3E448&rft.date=2018-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F14712598.2018.1438406&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29431518&rft.aulast=Bernstein&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.au=Kavati%2C+A&rft.au=Tharp%2C+MD&rft.au=Ortiz%2C+B&rft.au=MacDonald%2C+K&rft.au=Denhaerynck%2C+K&rft.au=Abraham%2C+I&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%252F14712598.2018.1438406&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZhaoJiYuMeng2016" class="citation journal cs1">Zhao ZT, Ji CM, Yu WJ, Meng L, Hawro T, Wei JF, et al. (June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2015.12.1342">"Omalizumab for the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials"</a>. <i>The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology</i>. <b>137</b> (6): 1742–1750.e4. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2015.12.1342">10.1016/j.jaci.2015.12.1342</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27040372">27040372</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Allergy+and+Clinical+Immunology&rft.atitle=Omalizumab+for+the+treatment+of+chronic+spontaneous+urticaria%3A+A+meta-analysis+of+randomized+clinical+trials&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=1742-1750.e4&rft.date=2016-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2015.12.1342&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27040372&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=ZT&rft.au=Ji%2C+CM&rft.au=Yu%2C+WJ&rft.au=Meng%2C+L&rft.au=Hawro%2C+T&rft.au=Wei%2C+JF&rft.au=Maurer%2C+M&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.jaci.2015.12.1342&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zuber2023-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Zuber2023_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZuberbierWoodBindslev-JensenFiocchi2023" class="citation journal cs1">Zuberbier T, Wood RA, Bindslev-Jensen C, Fiocchi A, Chinthrajah RS, Worm M, et al. (April 2023). "Omalizumab in IgE-Mediated Food Allergy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". <i>J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract</i>. <b>11</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">1134–</span>46. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaip.2022.11.036">10.1016/j.jaip.2022.11.036</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36529441">36529441</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J+Allergy+Clin+Immunol+Pract&rft.atitle=Omalizumab+in+IgE-Mediated+Food+Allergy%3A+A+Systematic+Review+and+Meta-Analysis&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1134-%3C%2Fspan%3E46&rft.date=2023-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jaip.2022.11.036&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36529441&rft.aulast=Zuberbier&rft.aufirst=T&rft.au=Wood%2C+RA&rft.au=Bindslev-Jensen%2C+C&rft.au=Fiocchi%2C+A&rft.au=Chinthrajah%2C+RS&rft.au=Worm%2C+M&rft.au=Deschildre%2C+A&rft.au=Fernandez-Rivas%2C+M&rft.au=Santos%2C+AF&rft.au=Jaumont%2C+X&rft.au=Tassinari%2C+P&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid17383539-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid17383539_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid17383539_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid17383539_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChangWuHsuHung2007" class="citation book cs1">Chang TW, Wu PC, Hsu CL, Hung AF (2007). <i>Anti-IgE Antibodies for the Treatment of IgE-Mediated Allergic Diseases</i>. Advances in Immunology. Vol. 93. pp. <span class="nowrap">63–</span>119. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0065-2776%2806%2993002-8">10.1016/S0065-2776(06)93002-8</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-373707-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-373707-6"><bdi>978-0-12-373707-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17383539">17383539</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anti-IgE+Antibodies+for+the+Treatment+of+IgE-Mediated+Allergic+Diseases&rft.series=Advances+in+Immunology&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E63-%3C%2Fspan%3E119&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17383539&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0065-2776%2806%2993002-8&rft.isbn=978-0-12-373707-6&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=TW&rft.au=Wu%2C+PC&rft.au=Hsu%2C+CL&rft.au=Hung%2C+AF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid10657120-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid10657120_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChang2000" class="citation journal cs1">Chang TW (February 2000). "The pharmacological basis of anti-IgE therapy". <i>Nat. Biotechnol</i>. <b>18</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">157–</span>62. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F72601">10.1038/72601</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10657120">10657120</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:22688959">22688959</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nat.+Biotechnol.&rft.atitle=The+pharmacological+basis+of+anti-IgE+therapy&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E157-%3C%2Fspan%3E62&rft.date=2000-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A22688959%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10657120&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F72601&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=TW&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid16750976-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid16750976_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid16750976_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid16750976_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChangShiung2006" class="citation journal cs1">Chang TW, Shiung YY (June 2006). "Anti-IgE as a mast cell-stabilizing therapeutic agent". <i>The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology</i>. <b>117</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">1203–</span>12. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2006.04.005">10.1016/j.jaci.2006.04.005</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16750976">16750976</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Allergy+and+Clinical+Immunology&rft.atitle=Anti-IgE+as+a+mast+cell-stabilizing+therapeutic+agent&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1203-%3C%2Fspan%3E12&rft.date=2006-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2006.04.005&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16750976&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=TW&rft.au=Shiung%2C+YY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid9013989-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid9013989_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMacGlashanBochnerAdelmanJardieu1997" class="citation journal cs1">MacGlashan DW, Bochner BS, Adelman DC, Jardieu PM, Togias A, McKenzie-White J, et al. (February 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4049%2Fjimmunol.158.3.1438">"Down-regulation of Fc(epsilon)RI expression on human basophils during in vivo treatment of atopic patients with anti-IgE antibody"</a>. <i>Journal of Immunology</i>. <b>158</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">1438–</span>45. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4049%2Fjimmunol.158.3.1438">10.4049/jimmunol.158.3.1438</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9013989">9013989</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:193264">193264</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Immunology&rft.atitle=Down-regulation+of+Fc%28epsilon%29RI+expression+on+human+basophils+during+in+vivo+treatment+of+atopic+patients+with+anti-IgE+antibody&rft.volume=158&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1438-%3C%2Fspan%3E45&rft.date=1997-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A193264%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9013989&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4049%2Fjimmunol.158.3.1438&rft.aulast=MacGlashan&rft.aufirst=DW&rft.au=Bochner%2C+BS&rft.au=Adelman%2C+DC&rft.au=Jardieu%2C+PM&rft.au=Togias%2C+A&rft.au=McKenzie-White%2C+J&rft.au=Sterbinsky%2C+SA&rft.au=Hamilton%2C+RG&rft.au=Lichtenstein%2C+LM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.4049%252Fjimmunol.158.3.1438&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid14657874-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid14657874_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPrussinGriffithBoeselLin2003" class="citation journal cs1">Prussin C, Griffith DT, Boesel KM, Lin H, Foster B, Casale TB (December 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenodo.org/record/1259077">"Omalizumab treatment downregulates dendritic cell FcepsilonRI expression"</a>. <i>The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology</i>. <b>112</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">1147–</span>54. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2003.10.003">10.1016/j.jaci.2003.10.003</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14657874">14657874</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210828195127/https://zenodo.org/record/1259077/preview/article.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 28 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Allergy+and+Clinical+Immunology&rft.atitle=Omalizumab+treatment+downregulates+dendritic+cell+FcepsilonRI+expression&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1147-%3C%2Fspan%3E54&rft.date=2003-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2003.10.003&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F14657874&rft.aulast=Prussin&rft.aufirst=C&rft.au=Griffith%2C+DT&rft.au=Boesel%2C+KM&rft.au=Lin%2C+H&rft.au=Foster%2C+B&rft.au=Casale%2C+TB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenodo.org%2Frecord%2F1259077&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid15748543-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid15748543_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFScheinfeld2005" class="citation journal cs1">Scheinfeld N (2005). "Omalizumab: a recombinant humanized monoclonal IgE-blocking antibody". <i>Dermatol. Online J</i>. <b>11</b> (1): 2. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5070%2FD30MC9C9TW">10.5070/D30MC9C9TW</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15748543">15748543</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dermatol.+Online+J.&rft.atitle=Omalizumab%3A+a+recombinant+humanized+monoclonal+IgE-blocking+antibody&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=2&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5070%2FD30MC9C9TW&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15748543&rft.aulast=Scheinfeld&rft.aufirst=N&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid15836747-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid15836747_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHolgateDjukanovićCasaleBousquet2005" class="citation journal cs1">Holgate ST, Djukanović R, Casale T, Bousquet J (April 2005). "Anti-immunoglobulin E treatment with omalizumab in allergic diseases: an update on anti-inflammatory activity and clinical efficacy". <i>Clin. Exp. Allergy</i>. <b>35</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">408–</span>16. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2222.2005.02191.x">10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02191.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15836747">15836747</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:6504882">6504882</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clin.+Exp.+Allergy&rft.atitle=Anti-immunoglobulin+E+treatment+with+omalizumab+in+allergic+diseases%3A+an+update+on+anti-inflammatory+activity+and+clinical+efficacy&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E408-%3C%2Fspan%3E16&rft.date=2005-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A6504882%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15836747&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1365-2222.2005.02191.x&rft.aulast=Holgate&rft.aufirst=ST&rft.au=Djukanovi%C4%87%2C+R&rft.au=Casale%2C+T&rft.au=Bousquet%2C+J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid15753888-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid15753888_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid15753888_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHolgateCasaleWenzelBousquet2005" class="citation journal cs1">Holgate S, Casale T, Wenzel S, Bousquet J, Deniz Y, Reisner C (March 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2004.11.053">"The anti-inflammatory effects of omalizumab confirm the central role of IgE in allergic inflammation"</a>. <i>The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology</i>. <b>115</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">459–</span>65. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2004.11.053">10.1016/j.jaci.2004.11.053</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15753888">15753888</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Allergy+and+Clinical+Immunology&rft.atitle=The+anti-inflammatory+effects+of+omalizumab+confirm+the+central+role+of+IgE+in+allergic+inflammation&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E459-%3C%2Fspan%3E65&rft.date=2005-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2004.11.053&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15753888&rft.aulast=Holgate&rft.aufirst=S&rft.au=Casale%2C+T&rft.au=Wenzel%2C+S&rft.au=Bousquet%2C+J&rft.au=Deniz%2C+Y&rft.au=Reisner%2C+C&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.jaci.2004.11.053&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid19839977-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid19839977_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHolgateSmithMassanariJimenez2009" class="citation journal cs1">Holgate S, Smith N, Massanari M, Jimenez P (December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1398-9995.2009.02201.x">"Effects of omalizumab on markers of inflammation in patients with allergic asthma"</a>. <i>Allergy</i>. <b>64</b> (12): <span class="nowrap">1728–</span>36. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1398-9995.2009.02201.x">10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02201.x</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19839977">19839977</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:205404340">205404340</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Allergy&rft.atitle=Effects+of+omalizumab+on+markers+of+inflammation+in+patients+with+allergic+asthma&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1728-%3C%2Fspan%3E36&rft.date=2009-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A205404340%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19839977&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1398-9995.2009.02201.x&rft.aulast=Holgate&rft.aufirst=S&rft.au=Smith%2C+N&rft.au=Massanari%2C+M&rft.au=Jimenez%2C+P&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1398-9995.2009.02201.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid17329558-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid17329558_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFvan_der_EntHoekstraRijkers2007" class="citation journal cs1">van der Ent CK, Hoekstra H, Rijkers GT (March 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2117163">"Successful treatment of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis with recombinant anti-IgE antibody"</a>. <i>Thorax</i>. <b>62</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">276–</span>7. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fthx.2004.035519">10.1136/thx.2004.035519</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2117163">2117163</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17329558">17329558</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Thorax&rft.atitle=Successful+treatment+of+allergic+bronchopulmonary+aspergillosis+with+recombinant+anti-IgE+antibody&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E276-%3C%2Fspan%3E7&rft.date=2007-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2117163%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17329558&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fthx.2004.035519&rft.aulast=van+der+Ent&rft.aufirst=CK&rft.au=Hoekstra%2C+H&rft.au=Rijkers%2C+GT&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2117163&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid20568389-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid20568389_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKontou-FiliFilisVoulgariPanayiotidis2010" class="citation journal cs1">Kontou-Fili K, Filis CI, Voulgari C, Panayiotidis PG (June 2010). "Omalizumab monotherapy for bee sting and unprovoked "anaphylaxis" in a patient with systemic mastocytosis and undetectable specific IgE". <i>Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol</i>. <b>104</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">537–</span>9. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.anai.2010.04.011">10.1016/j.anai.2010.04.011</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20568389">20568389</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ann+Allergy+Asthma+Immunol&rft.atitle=Omalizumab+monotherapy+for+bee+sting+and+unprovoked+%22anaphylaxis%22+in+a+patient+with+systemic+mastocytosis+and+undetectable+specific+IgE&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E537-%3C%2Fspan%3E9&rft.date=2010-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.anai.2010.04.011&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20568389&rft.aulast=Kontou-Fili&rft.aufirst=K&rft.au=Filis%2C+CI&rft.au=Voulgari%2C+C&rft.au=Panayiotidis%2C+PG&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid19152970-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid19152970_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid19152970_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFairleyBaumBrandtMessingham2009" class="citation journal cs1">Fairley JA, Baum CL, Brandt DS, Messingham KA (March 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4784096">"Pathogenicity of IgE in autoimmunity: successful treatment of bullous pemphigoid with omalizumab"</a>. <i>The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology</i>. <b>123</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">704–</span>5. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2008.11.035">10.1016/j.jaci.2008.11.035</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4784096">4784096</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19152970">19152970</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Allergy+and+Clinical+Immunology&rft.atitle=Pathogenicity+of+IgE+in+autoimmunity%3A+successful+treatment+of+bullous+pemphigoid+with+omalizumab&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E704-%3C%2Fspan%3E5&rft.date=2009-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4784096%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19152970&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2008.11.035&rft.aulast=Fairley&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.au=Baum%2C+CL&rft.au=Brandt%2C+DS&rft.au=Messingham%2C+KA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4784096&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid16771742-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid16771742_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLeeDoggweiler-WiygulKimHill2006" class="citation journal cs1">Lee J, Doggweiler-Wiygul R, Kim S, Hill BD, Yoo TJ (May 2006). "Is interstitial cystitis an allergic disorder?: A case of interstitial cystitis treated successfully with anti-IgE". <i>Int. J. Urol</i>. <b>13</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">631–</span>4. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1442-2042.2006.01373.x">10.1111/j.1442-2042.2006.01373.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16771742">16771742</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:34830352">34830352</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Int.+J.+Urol.&rft.atitle=Is+interstitial+cystitis+an+allergic+disorder%3F%3A+A+case+of+interstitial+cystitis+treated+successfully+with+anti-IgE&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E631-%3C%2Fspan%3E4&rft.date=2006-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A34830352%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16771742&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1442-2042.2006.01373.x&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=J&rft.au=Doggweiler-Wiygul%2C+R&rft.au=Kim%2C+S&rft.au=Hill%2C+BD&rft.au=Yoo%2C+TJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid17931567-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid17931567_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSandsBlumeSchwartz2007" class="citation journal cs1">Sands MF, Blume JW, Schwartz SA (October 2007). "Successful treatment of 3 patients with recurrent idiopathic angioedema with omalizumab". <i>The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology</i>. <b>120</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">979–</span>81. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2007.07.041">10.1016/j.jaci.2007.07.041</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17931567">17931567</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Allergy+and+Clinical+Immunology&rft.atitle=Successful+treatment+of+3+patients+with+recurrent+idiopathic+angioedema+with+omalizumab&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E979-%3C%2Fspan%3E81&rft.date=2007-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2007.07.041&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17931567&rft.aulast=Sands&rft.aufirst=MF&rft.au=Blume%2C+JW&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+SA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid23350994-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid23350994_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFde_LlanoVenneraAlvarezMedina2013" class="citation journal cs1">de Llano LP, Vennera MC, Alvarez FJ, Medina JF, Borderias L, Pellicer C, et al. (April 2013). "Effects of omalizumab in non-atopic asthma: results from a Spanish multicenter registry". <i>J Asthma</i>. <b>50</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">296–</span>301. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3109%2F02770903.2012.757780">10.3109/02770903.2012.757780</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23350994">23350994</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:26426416">26426416</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J+Asthma&rft.atitle=Effects+of+omalizumab+in+non-atopic+asthma%3A+results+from+a+Spanish+multicenter+registry&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E296-%3C%2Fspan%3E301&rft.date=2013-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A26426416%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23350994&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3109%2F02770903.2012.757780&rft.aulast=de+Llano&rft.aufirst=LP&rft.au=Vennera%2C+MC&rft.au=Alvarez%2C+FJ&rft.au=Medina%2C+JF&rft.au=Borderias%2C+L&rft.au=Pellicer%2C+C&rft.au=Gonzalez%2C+H&rft.au=Gullon%2C+JA&rft.au=Martinez-Moragon%2C+E&rft.au=Sabadell%2C+C&rft.au=Zamarro%2C+S&rft.au=Picado%2C+C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid23709757-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid23709757_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLommatzschKornBuhlVirchow2013" class="citation journal cs1">Lommatzsch M, Korn S, Buhl R, Virchow JC (May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3888607">"Against all odds: anti-IgE for intrinsic asthma?"</a>. <i>Thorax</i>. <b>69</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">94–</span>6. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fthoraxjnl-2013-203738">10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-203738</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3888607">3888607</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23709757">23709757</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Thorax&rft.atitle=Against+all+odds%3A+anti-IgE+for+intrinsic+asthma%3F&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E94-%3C%2Fspan%3E6&rft.date=2013-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3888607%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23709757&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fthoraxjnl-2013-203738&rft.aulast=Lommatzsch&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Korn%2C+S&rft.au=Buhl%2C+R&rft.au=Virchow%2C+JC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3888607&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid23432142-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid23432142_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMaurerRosénHsiehSaini2013" class="citation journal cs1">Maurer M, Rosén K, Hsieh HJ, Saini S, Grattan C, Gimenéz-Arnau A, et al. (March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1056%2FNEJMoa1215372">"Omalizumab for the treatment of chronic idiopathic or spontaneous urticaria"</a>. <i>The New England Journal of Medicine</i>. <b>368</b> (10): <span class="nowrap">924–</span>35. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1056%2FNEJMoa1215372">10.1056/NEJMoa1215372</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23432142">23432142</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:205095225">205095225</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+England+Journal+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=Omalizumab+for+the+treatment+of+chronic+idiopathic+or+spontaneous+urticaria&rft.volume=368&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E924-%3C%2Fspan%3E35&rft.date=2013-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A205095225%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23432142&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1056%2FNEJMoa1215372&rft.aulast=Maurer&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Ros%C3%A9n%2C+K&rft.au=Hsieh%2C+HJ&rft.au=Saini%2C+S&rft.au=Grattan%2C+C&rft.au=Gimen%C3%A9z-Arnau%2C+A&rft.au=Agarwal%2C+S&rft.au=Doyle%2C+R&rft.au=Canvin%2C+J&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+A&rft.au=Casale%2C+T&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1056%252FNEJMoa1215372&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid23810097-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid23810097_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKaplanLedfordAshbyCanvin2013" class="citation journal cs1">Kaplan A, Ledford D, Ashby M, Canvin J, Zazzali JL, Conner E, et al. (July 2013). "Omalizumab in patients with symptomatic chronic idiopathic/spontaneous urticaria despite standard combination therapy". <i>The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology</i>. <b>132</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">101–</span>9. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2013.05.013">10.1016/j.jaci.2013.05.013</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23810097">23810097</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Allergy+and+Clinical+Immunology&rft.atitle=Omalizumab+in+patients+with+symptomatic+chronic+idiopathic%2Fspontaneous+urticaria+despite+standard+combination+therapy&rft.volume=132&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E101-%3C%2Fspan%3E9&rft.date=2013-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2013.05.013&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23810097&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=A&rft.au=Ledford%2C+D&rft.au=Ashby%2C+M&rft.au=Canvin%2C+J&rft.au=Zazzali%2C+JL&rft.au=Conner%2C+E&rft.au=Veith%2C+J&rft.au=Kamath%2C+N&rft.au=Staubach%2C+P&rft.au=Jakob%2C+T&rft.au=Stirling%2C+RG&rft.au=Kuna%2C+P&rft.au=Berger%2C+W&rft.au=Maurer%2C+M&rft.au=Ros%C3%A9n%2C+K&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid21713650-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid21713650_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKashiwakuraOtaniKawakami2011" class="citation book cs1">Kashiwakura J, Otani IM, Kawakami T (2011). "Monomeric IgE and Mast Cell Development, Survival and Function". <i>Mast Cell Biology</i>. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 716. pp. <span class="nowrap">29–</span>46. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-1-4419-9533-9_3">10.1007/978-1-4419-9533-9_3</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4419-9532-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4419-9532-2"><bdi>978-1-4419-9532-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21713650">21713650</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Monomeric+IgE+and+Mast+Cell+Development%2C+Survival+and+Function&rft.btitle=Mast+Cell+Biology&rft.series=Advances+in+Experimental+Medicine+and+Biology&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E29-%3C%2Fspan%3E46&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21713650&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-1-4419-9533-9_3&rft.isbn=978-1-4419-9532-2&rft.aulast=Kashiwakura&rft.aufirst=J&rft.au=Otani%2C+IM&rft.au=Kawakami%2C+T&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFanta2009" class="citation journal cs1">Fanta CH (March 2009). "Asthma". <i>The New England Journal of Medicine</i>. <b>360</b> (10): <span class="nowrap">1002–</span>14. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1056%2FNEJMra0804579">10.1056/NEJMra0804579</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19264689">19264689</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+England+Journal+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=Asthma&rft.volume=360&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1002-%3C%2Fspan%3E14&rft.date=2009-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1056%2FNEJMra0804579&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19264689&rft.aulast=Fanta&rft.aufirst=CH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Iribarren_2017-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Iribarren_2017_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iribarren_2017_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFIribarrenRahmaouiLongSzefler2017" class="citation journal cs1">Iribarren C, Rahmaoui A, Long AA, Szefler SJ, Bradley MS, Carrigan G, et al. (May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2016.07.038">"Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events among patients receiving omalizumab: Results from EXCELS, a prospective cohort study in moderate to severe asthma"</a>. <i>The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology</i>. <b>139</b> (5): 1489–1495.e5. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2016.07.038">10.1016/j.jaci.2016.07.038</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27639934">27639934</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:1230144">1230144</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Allergy+and+Clinical+Immunology&rft.atitle=Cardiovascular+and+cerebrovascular+events+among+patients+receiving+omalizumab%3A+Results+from+EXCELS%2C+a+prospective+cohort+study+in+moderate+to+severe+asthma&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=1489-1495.e5&rft.date=2017-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A1230144%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27639934&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2016.07.038&rft.aulast=Iribarren&rft.aufirst=C&rft.au=Rahmaoui%2C+A&rft.au=Long%2C+AA&rft.au=Szefler%2C+SJ&rft.au=Bradley%2C+MS&rft.au=Carrigan%2C+G&rft.au=Eisner%2C+MD&rft.au=Chen%2C+H&rft.au=Omachi%2C+TA&rft.au=Farkouh%2C+ME&rft.au=Rothman%2C+KJ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.jaci.2016.07.038&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Iribarren_2017b-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Iribarren_2017b_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iribarren_2017b_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFIribarrenRothmanBradleyCarrigan2017" class="citation journal cs1">Iribarren C, Rothman KJ, Bradley MS, Carrigan G, Eisner MD, Chen H (May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2016.12.953">"Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events among patients receiving omalizumab: Pooled analysis of patient-level data from 25 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials"</a>. <i>The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology</i>. <b>139</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">1678–</span>1680. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2016.12.953">10.1016/j.jaci.2016.12.953</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28108337">28108337</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Allergy+and+Clinical+Immunology&rft.atitle=Cardiovascular+and+cerebrovascular+events+among+patients+receiving+omalizumab%3A+Pooled+analysis+of+patient-level+data+from+25+randomized%2C+double-blind%2C+placebo-controlled+clinical+trials&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1678-%3C%2Fspan%3E1680&rft.date=2017-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2016.12.953&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28108337&rft.aulast=Iribarren&rft.aufirst=C&rft.au=Rothman%2C+KJ&rft.au=Bradley%2C+MS&rft.au=Carrigan%2C+G&rft.au=Eisner%2C+MD&rft.au=Chen%2C+H&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.jaci.2016.12.953&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid12672069-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid12672069_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKaragiannisWangEastBurke2003" class="citation journal cs1">Karagiannis SN, Wang Q, East N, Burke F, Riffard S, Bracher MG, et al. (April 2003). "Activity of human monocytes in IgE antibody-dependent surveillance and killing of ovarian tumor cells". <i>Eur. J. Immunol</i>. <b>33</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">1030–</span>40. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Feji.200323185">10.1002/eji.200323185</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12672069">12672069</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:29495137">29495137</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eur.+J.+Immunol.&rft.atitle=Activity+of+human+monocytes+in+IgE+antibody-dependent+surveillance+and+killing+of+ovarian+tumor+cells&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1030-%3C%2Fspan%3E40&rft.date=2003-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A29495137%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12672069&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Feji.200323185&rft.aulast=Karagiannis&rft.aufirst=SN&rft.au=Wang%2C+Q&rft.au=East%2C+N&rft.au=Burke%2C+F&rft.au=Riffard%2C+S&rft.au=Bracher%2C+MG&rft.au=Thompson%2C+RG&rft.au=Durham%2C+SR&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+LB&rft.au=Balkwill%2C+FR&rft.au=Gould%2C+HJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid22365654-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid22365654_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBusseBuhlFernandez_VidaurreBlogg2012" class="citation journal cs1">Busse W, Buhl R, Fernandez Vidaurre C, Blogg M, Zhu J, Eisner MD, et al. (April 2012). "Omalizumab and the risk of malignancy: results from a pooled analysis". <i>The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology</i>. <b>129</b> (4): 983–9.e6. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2012.01.033">10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.033</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22365654">22365654</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Allergy+and+Clinical+Immunology&rft.atitle=Omalizumab+and+the+risk+of+malignancy%3A+results+from+a+pooled+analysis&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=983-9.e6&rft.date=2012-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2012.01.033&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22365654&rft.aulast=Busse&rft.aufirst=W&rft.au=Buhl%2C+R&rft.au=Fernandez+Vidaurre%2C+C&rft.au=Blogg%2C+M&rft.au=Zhu%2C+J&rft.au=Eisner%2C+MD&rft.au=Canvin%2C+J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChenKatz1983" class="citation journal cs1">Chen SS, Katz DH (February 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1084%2Fjem.157.2.772">"IgE class-restricted tolerance induced by neonatal administration of soluble or cell-bound IgE"</a>. <i>The Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>. <b>157</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">772–</span>88. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1084%2Fjem.157.2.772">10.1084/jem.157.2.772</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2186933">2186933</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6600492">6600492</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Experimental+Medicine&rft.atitle=IgE+class-restricted+tolerance+induced+by+neonatal+administration+of+soluble+or+cell-bound+IgE&rft.volume=157&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E772-%3C%2Fspan%3E88&rft.date=1983-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2186933%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F6600492&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1084%2Fjem.157.2.772&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=SS&rft.au=Katz%2C+DH&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1084%252Fjem.157.2.772&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChenLiuKatz1984" class="citation journal cs1">Chen SS, Liu FT, Katz DH (October 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2187471">"IgE class-restricted tolerance induced by neonatal administration of soluble or cell-bound IgE. Cellular mechanisms"</a>. <i>The Journal of Experimental Medicine</i>. <b>160</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">953–</span>70. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1084%2Fjem.160.4.953">10.1084/jem.160.4.953</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2187471">2187471</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6237166">6237166</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Experimental+Medicine&rft.atitle=IgE+class-restricted+tolerance+induced+by+neonatal+administration+of+soluble+or+cell-bound+IgE.+Cellular+mechanisms&rft.volume=160&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E953-%3C%2Fspan%3E70&rft.date=1984-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2187471%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F6237166&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1084%2Fjem.160.4.953&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=SS&rft.au=Liu%2C+FT&rft.au=Katz%2C+DH&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2187471&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChen1992" class="citation journal cs1">Chen SS (February 1992). "Genesis of host IgE competence: perinatal IgE tolerance induced by IgE processed and presented by IgE Fc receptor (CD23)-bearing B cells". <i>European Journal of Immunology</i>. <b>22</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">343–</span>8. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Feji.1830220209">10.1002/eji.1830220209</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1531635">1531635</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:25625576">25625576</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Immunology&rft.atitle=Genesis+of+host+IgE+competence%3A+perinatal+IgE+tolerance+induced+by+IgE+processed+and+presented+by+IgE+Fc+receptor+%28CD23%29-bearing+B+cells&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E343-%3C%2Fspan%3E8&rft.date=1992-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A25625576%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F1531635&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Feji.1830220209&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=SS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHabaNisonoff1987" class="citation journal cs1">Haba S, Nisonoff A (July 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.84.14.5009">"Induction of high titers of anti-IgE by immunization of inbred mice with syngeneic IgE"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i>. <b>84</b> (14): <span class="nowrap">5009–</span>13. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987PNAS...84.5009H">1987PNAS...84.5009H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.84.14.5009">10.1073/pnas.84.14.5009</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC305236">305236</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2440038">2440038</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Induction+of+high+titers+of+anti-IgE+by+immunization+of+inbred+mice+with+syngeneic+IgE&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=14&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E5009-%3C%2Fspan%3E13&rft.date=1987-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC305236%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F2440038&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.84.14.5009&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1987PNAS...84.5009H&rft.aulast=Haba&rft.aufirst=S&rft.au=Nisonoff%2C+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1073%252Fpnas.84.14.5009&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Development and Licensing Agreement, between Tanox and Ciba-Geigy 1990. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://contracts.onecle.com/tanox/ciba-geigy.rd.1990.05.11.shtml">"Development and Licensing Agreement - Tanox Biosystems Inc. And Ciba-Geigy Ltd. - Sample Contracts and Business Forms"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130516131954/http://contracts.onecle.com/tanox/ciba-geigy.rd.1990.05.11.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Development+and+Licensing+Agreement+-+Tanox+Biosystems+Inc.+And+Ciba-Geigy+Ltd.+-+Sample+Contracts+and+Business+Forms&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontracts.onecle.com%2Ftanox%2Fciba-geigy.rd.1990.05.11.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid1369991-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid1369991_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChangDavisSunSun1990" class="citation journal cs1">Chang TW, Davis FM, Sun NC, Sun CR, MacGlashan DW Jr, Hamilton RG (February 1990). "Monoclonal antibodies specific for human IgE-producing B cells: a potential therapeutic for IgE-mediated allergic diseases". <i>Bio/Technology</i>. <b>8</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">122–</span>6. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnbt0290-122">10.1038/nbt0290-122</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1369991">1369991</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10510009">10510009</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bio%2FTechnology&rft.atitle=Monoclonal+antibodies+specific+for+human+IgE-producing+B+cells%3A+a+potential+therapeutic+for+IgE-mediated+allergic+diseases&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E122-%3C%2Fspan%3E6&rft.date=1990-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A10510009%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F1369991&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnbt0290-122&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=TW&rft.au=Davis%2C+FM&rft.au=Sun%2C+NC&rft.au=Sun%2C+CR&rft.au=MacGlashan+DW+Jr&rft.au=Hamilton%2C+RG&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid8362344-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid8362344_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavisGossettPinkstonLiou1993" class="citation journal cs1">Davis FM, Gossett LA, Pinkston KL, Liou RS, Sun LK, Kim YW, et al. (1993). "Can anti-IgE be used to treat allergy?". <i>Springer Semin. Immunopathol</i>. <b>15</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">51–</span>73. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF00204626">10.1007/BF00204626</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8362344">8362344</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:32440234">32440234</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Springer+Semin.+Immunopathol.&rft.atitle=Can+anti-IgE+be+used+to+treat+allergy%3F&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E51-%3C%2Fspan%3E73&rft.date=1993&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A32440234%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F8362344&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF00204626&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=FM&rft.au=Gossett%2C+LA&rft.au=Pinkston%2C+KL&rft.au=Liou%2C+RS&rft.au=Sun%2C+LK&rft.au=Kim%2C+YW&rft.au=Chang%2C+NT&rft.au=Chang%2C+TW&rft.au=Wagner%2C+K&rft.au=Bews%2C+J&rft.au=Brinkmann%2C+V&rft.au=Towbin%2C+H&rft.au=Subramanian%2C+N&rft.au=Heusser%2C+C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid9062345-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid9062345_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCorneDjukanovicThomasWarner1997" class="citation journal cs1">Corne J, Djukanovic R, Thomas L, Warner J, Botta L, Grandordy B, et al. (March 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC507895">"The effect of intravenous administration of a chimeric anti-IgE antibody on serum IgE levels in atopic subjects: efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics"</a>. <i>J Clin Invest</i>. <b>99</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">879–</span>87. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1172%2FJCI119252">10.1172/JCI119252</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC507895">507895</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9062345">9062345</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J+Clin+Invest&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+intravenous+administration+of+a+chimeric+anti-IgE+antibody+on+serum+IgE+levels+in+atopic+subjects%3A+efficacy%2C+safety%2C+and+pharmacokinetics&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E879-%3C%2Fspan%3E87&rft.date=1997-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC507895%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9062345&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1172%2FJCI119252&rft.aulast=Corne&rft.aufirst=J&rft.au=Djukanovic%2C+R&rft.au=Thomas%2C+L&rft.au=Warner%2C+J&rft.au=Botta%2C+L&rft.au=Grandordy%2C+B&rft.au=Gygax%2C+D&rft.au=Heusser%2C+C&rft.au=Patalano%2C+F&rft.au=Richardson%2C+W&rft.au=Kilchherr%2C+E&rft.au=Staehelin%2C+T&rft.au=Davis%2C+F&rft.au=Gordon%2C+W&rft.au=Sun%2C+L&rft.au=Liou%2C+R&rft.au=Wang%2C+G&rft.au=Chang%2C+TW&rft.au=Holgate%2C+S&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC507895&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid9433396-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid9433396_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRacine-PoonBottaChangDavis1997" class="citation journal cs1">Racine-Poon A, Botta L, Chang TW, Davis FM, Gygax D, Liou RS, et al. (December 1997). "Efficacy, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of CGP 51901, an anti-immunoglobulin E chimeric monoclonal antibody, in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis". <i>Clin Pharmacol Ther</i>. <b>62</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">675–</span>90. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0009-9236%2897%2990087-4">10.1016/S0009-9236(97)90087-4</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9433396">9433396</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:28652703">28652703</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clin+Pharmacol+Ther&rft.atitle=Efficacy%2C+pharmacodynamics%2C+and+pharmacokinetics+of+CGP+51901%2C+an+anti-immunoglobulin+E+chimeric+monoclonal+antibody%2C+in+patients+with+seasonal+allergic+rhinitis&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E675-%3C%2Fspan%3E90&rft.date=1997-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A28652703%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9433396&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0009-9236%2897%2990087-4&rft.aulast=Racine-Poon&rft.aufirst=A&rft.au=Botta%2C+L&rft.au=Chang%2C+TW&rft.au=Davis%2C+FM&rft.au=Gygax%2C+D&rft.au=Liou%2C+RS&rft.au=Rohane%2C+P&rft.au=Staehelin%2C+T&rft.au=van+Steijn%2C+AM&rft.au=Frank%2C+W&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Drug_War-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Drug_War_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Drug_War_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThorpe1995" class="citation web cs1">Thorpe H (1 April 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029193124/http://business.highbeam.com/410545/article-1G1-16816180/drug-war">"Drug war. (small drug firm Tanox takes on Genentech over patent rights)"</a>. <i>Texas Monthly</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://business.highbeam.com/410545/article-1G1-16816180/drug-war">the original</a> on 29 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Texas+Monthly&rft.atitle=Drug+war.+%28small+drug+firm+Tanox+takes+on+Genentech+over+patent+rights%29&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.aulast=Thorpe&rft.aufirst=H&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbusiness.highbeam.com%2F410545%2Farticle-1G1-16816180%2Fdrug-war&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-anti-IgE_patents-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-anti-IgE_patents_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The family of anti-IgE patents. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US5422258">"Methods for producing high affinity anti-human IgE-monoclonal antibodies which binds to IgE on IgE-bearing B cells but not basophils"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140319212047/http://www.google.com/patents/US5422258">Archived</a> from the original on 19 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Methods+for+producing+high+affinity+anti-human+IgE-monoclonal+antibodies+which+binds+to+IgE+on+IgE-bearing+B+cells+but+not+basophils&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpatents.google.com%2Fpatent%2FUS5422258&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US5428133">"Chimeric anti-human IgE-monoclonal antibody which binds to secreted IgE and membrane-bound IgE expressed by IgE-expressing B cells but notto IgE bound to FC receptors on basophils"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140319211751/http://www.google.com/patents/US5428133">Archived</a> from the original on 19 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chimeric+anti-human+IgE-monoclonal+antibody+which+binds+to+secreted+IgE+and+membrane-bound+IgE+expressed+by+IgE-expressing+B+cells+but+notto+IgE+bound+to+FC+receptors+on+basophils&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpatents.google.com%2Fpatent%2FUS5428133&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US5449760">"Monoclonal antibodies that bind to soluble IGE but do not bind IGE on IGE expressing B lymphocytes or basophils"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140319215356/http://www.google.com/patents/US5449760">Archived</a> from the original on 19 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monoclonal+antibodies+that+bind+to+soluble+IGE+but+do+not+bind+IGE+on+IGE+expressing+B+lymphocytes+or+basophils&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpatents.google.com%2Fpatent%2FUS5449760&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US5543144">"Treating hypersensitivities with anti-IGE monoclonal antibodies which bind to IGE-expressing B cells but not basophils"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140319212303/http://www.google.com/patents/US5543144">Archived</a> from the original on 19 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Treating+hypersensitivities+with+anti-IGE+monoclonal+antibodies+which+bind+to+IGE-expressing+B+cells+but+not+basophils&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpatents.google.com%2Fpatent%2FUS5543144&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US5614611">"Humanized monoclonal antibodies binding to IgE-bearing B cells but not basophils"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140221070331/http://www.google.com/patents/US5614611">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Humanized+monoclonal+antibodies+binding+to+IgE-bearing+B+cells+but+not+basophils&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpatents.google.com%2Fpatent%2FUS5614611&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tripartite_Agreement-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tripartite_Agreement_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tripartite_Agreement_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tripartite Cooperation Agreement, by and between NOVARTIS PHARMA AG, GENENTECH, INC, AND TANOX, INC. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1099414/000119312504083427/dex101.htm">"Tripartite Cooperation Agreement"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160822062214/https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1099414/000119312504083427/dex101.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 22 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tripartite+Cooperation+Agreement&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sec.gov%2FArchives%2Fedgar%2Fdata%2F1099414%2F000119312504083427%2Fdex101.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gene.com/media/press-releases/10167/2006-11-09/genentech-announces-agreement-to-acquire">"Genentech: Press Releases - Genentech Announces Agreement to Acquire Tanox for $20 Per Share"</a>. <i>www.gene.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130706045246/http://www.gene.com/media/press-releases/10167/2006-11-09/genentech-announces-agreement-to-acquire">Archived</a> from the original on 6 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.gene.com&rft.atitle=Genentech%3A+Press+Releases+-+Genentech+Announces+Agreement+to+Acquire+Tanox+for+%2420+Per+Share&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gene.com%2Fmedia%2Fpress-releases%2F10167%2F2006-11-09%2Fgenentech-announces-agreement-to-acquire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTansey2007" class="citation news cs1">Tansey B (3 August 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Genentech-completes-acquisition-919-million-3656397.php">"Genentech completes acquisition / $919 million for Tanox is its first purchase ever"</a>. <i>Sfgate</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160414133905/http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Genentech-completes-acquisition-919-million-3656397.php">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sfgate&rft.atitle=Genentech+completes+acquisition+%2F+%24919+million+for+Tanox+is+its+first+purchase+ever&rft.date=2007-08-03&rft.aulast=Tansey&rft.aufirst=Bernadette&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Fbusiness%2Farticle%2FGenentech-completes-acquisition-919-million-3656397.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugs.com/newdrugs/fda-approves-xolair-omalizumab-moderate-severe-asthma-268.html">"FDA Approves Xolair (omalizumab) for Moderate-to-Severe Asthma"</a>. <i>Drugs.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240304205139/https://www.drugs.com/newdrugs/fda-approves-xolair-omalizumab-moderate-severe-asthma-268.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Drugs.com&rft.atitle=FDA+Approves+Xolair+%28omalizumab%29+for+Moderate-to-Severe+Asthma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.drugs.com%2Fnewdrugs%2Ffda-approves-xolair-omalizumab-moderate-severe-asthma-268.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CY_2024_CDER_Breakthrough_Therapy_Calendar_Year_Approvals-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CY_2024_CDER_Breakthrough_Therapy_Calendar_Year_Approvals_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fda.gov/media/97001/download">"CY 2024 CDER Breakthrough Therapy Calendar Year Approvals"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. U.S. <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA). 30 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CY+2024+CDER+Breakthrough+Therapy+Calendar+Year+Approvals&rft.pub=U.S.+Food+and+Drug+Administration+%28FDA%29&rft.date=2024-09-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fda.gov%2Fmedia%2F97001%2Fdownload&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/meeting-highlights-committee-medicinal-products-human-use-chmp-18-21-march-2024">"Meeting highlights from the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) 18-21 March 2024"</a>. <i>European Medicines Agency</i> (Press release). 22 March 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240613052402/https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/news/meeting-highlights-committee-medicinal-products-human-use-chmp-18-21-march-2024">Archived</a> from the original on 13 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Meeting+highlights+from+the+Committee+for+Medicinal+Products+for+Human+Use+%28CHMP%29+18-21+March+2024&rft.date=2024-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ema.europa.eu%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fmeeting-highlights-committee-medicinal-products-human-use-chmp-18-21-march-2024&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://celltrion.com/en-us/company/media-center/press-release/3246">"Celltrion receives European Commission approval of Omlyclo (CT-P39), the first and only omalizumab biosimilar approved in Europe"</a>. <i>Celltrion</i> (Press release). 23 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 March</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Celltrion+receives+European+Commission+approval+of+Omlyclo+%28CT-P39%29%2C+the+first+and+only+omalizumab+biosimilar+approved+in+Europe&rft.date=2024-05-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcelltrion.com%2Fen-us%2Fcompany%2Fmedia-center%2Fpress-release%2F3246&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-10948091">"Asthma drug ruling 'nonsensical'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 12 August 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100812034009/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-10948091">Archived</a> from the original on 12 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Asthma+drug+ruling+%27nonsensical%27&rft.date=2010-08-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-10948091&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">NICE says yes to treatment for asthma in final draft guidance. <i>NICE</i> 7 March 2013. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nice.org.uk/newsroom/pressreleases/OmalizumabForAsthmaFAD.jsp">"News"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130312202003/http://www.nice.org.uk/newsroom/pressreleases/OmalizumabForAsthmaFAD.jsp">Archived</a> from the original on 12 March 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nice.org.uk%2Fnewsroom%2Fpressreleases%2FOmalizumabForAsthmaFAD.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fraud-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fraud_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSheldon2013" class="citation journal cs1">Sheldon T (August 2013). "Senior Dutch researcher sacked for manipulating data in rheumatoid arthritis drug trial". <i>BMJ</i>. <b>347</b>: f5267. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.f5267">10.1136/bmj.f5267</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23974641">23974641</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:42283648">42283648</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMJ&rft.atitle=Senior+Dutch+researcher+sacked+for+manipulating+data+in+rheumatoid+arthritis+drug+trial&rft.volume=347&rft.pages=f5267&rft.date=2013-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A42283648%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23974641&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fbmj.f5267&rft.aulast=Sheldon&rft.aufirst=T&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavydov2005" class="citation journal cs1">Davydov L (January 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/0115/p341.html">"Omalizumab (Xolair) for treatment of asthma"</a>. <i>American Family Physician</i>. <b>71</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">341–</span>2. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15686303">15686303</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210123210112/https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/0115/p341.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Family+Physician&rft.atitle=Omalizumab+%28Xolair%29+for+treatment+of+asthma&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E341-%3C%2Fspan%3E2&rft.date=2005-01&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15686303&rft.aulast=Davydov&rft.aufirst=L&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aafp.org%2Fafp%2F2005%2F0115%2Fp341.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOmalizumab" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Drugs_for_obstructive_airway_diseases:_asthma/COPD_(R03)659" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Drugs_for_obstructive_airway_diseases" title="Template:Drugs for obstructive airway diseases"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Drugs_for_obstructive_airway_diseases" title="Template talk:Drugs for obstructive airway diseases"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Drugs_for_obstructive_airway_diseases" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Drugs for obstructive airway diseases"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Drugs_for_obstructive_airway_diseases:_asthma/COPD_(R03)659" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Drugs for <a href="/wiki/Obstructive_airway_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Obstructive airway disease">obstructive airway diseases</a>: <a href="/wiki/Asthma" title="Asthma">asthma</a>/<a href="/wiki/Chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease" title="Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease">COPD</a> (<a href="/wiki/ATC_code_R03" title="ATC code R03">R03</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Adrenergic_drug" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrenergic drug">Adrenergics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inhalant" title="Inhalant">inhalants</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Beta2-adrenergic_agonist#Short-acting_.CE.B22_agonists" title="Beta2-adrenergic agonist">Short-acting β<sub>2</sub> agonists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitolterol" title="Bitolterol">Bitolterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbuterol" title="Carbuterol">Carbuterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenoterol" title="Fenoterol">Fenoterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoetarine" title="Isoetarine">Isoetarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirbuterol" title="Pirbuterol">Pirbuterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procaterol" title="Procaterol">Procaterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reproterol" title="Reproterol">Reproterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimiterol" title="Rimiterol">Rimiterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salbutamol" title="Salbutamol">Salbutamol (albuterol)</a><sup>#</sup>/<a href="/wiki/Levosalbutamol" title="Levosalbutamol">Levosalbutamol (levalbuterol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terbutaline" title="Terbutaline">Terbutaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulobuterol" title="Tulobuterol">Tulobuterol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Long-acting_beta-adrenoceptor_agonist" title="Long-acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist">Long-acting β<sub>2</sub> agonists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bambuterol" title="Bambuterol">Bambuterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clenbuterol" title="Clenbuterol">Clenbuterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formoterol" title="Formoterol">Formoterol</a>/<a href="/wiki/Arformoterol" title="Arformoterol">Arformoterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmeterol" title="Salmeterol">Salmeterol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Long-acting_beta-adrenoceptor_agonist#Ultra-LABAs" title="Long-acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist">Ultra-long-acting β<sub>2</sub> agonists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abediterol" title="Abediterol">Abediterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmoterol" title="Carmoterol">Carmoterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indacaterol" title="Indacaterol">Indacaterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olodaterol" title="Olodaterol">Olodaterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilanterol" title="Vilanterol">Vilanterol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clorprenaline" title="Clorprenaline">Clorprenaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephedrine" title="Ephedrine">Ephedrine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Theophylline_ephedrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Theophylline ephedrine">+theophylline</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tedral" title="Tedral">+theophylline/phenobarbital</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marax" class="mw-redirect" title="Marax">theophylline/hydroxyzine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epinephrine_(medication)" title="Epinephrine (medication)">Epinephrine</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etafedrine" title="Etafedrine">Etafedrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexoprenaline" title="Hexoprenaline">Hexoprenaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoprenaline" title="Isoprenaline">Isoprenaline (isoproterenol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylephedrine" title="Methylephedrine">Methylephedrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orciprenaline" title="Orciprenaline">Orciprenaline (metaproterenol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racephedrine" title="Racephedrine">Racephedrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tretoquinol" title="Tretoquinol">Tretoquinol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Glucocorticoid" title="Glucocorticoid">Glucocorticoids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beclometasone_dipropionate" class="mw-redirect" title="Beclometasone dipropionate">Beclometasone</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betamethasone" title="Betamethasone">Betamethasone</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budesonide" title="Budesonide">Budesonide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciclesonide" title="Ciclesonide">Ciclesonide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flunisolide" title="Flunisolide">Flunisolide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluticasone_propionate" title="Fluticasone propionate">Fluticasone propionate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mometasone_furoate" class="mw-redirect" title="Mometasone furoate">Mometasone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triamcinolone" title="Triamcinolone">Triamcinolone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anticholinergic" title="Anticholinergic">Anticholinergics</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Muscarinic_antagonist" title="Muscarinic antagonist">muscarinic antagonist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aclidinium_bromide" title="Aclidinium bromide">Aclidinium bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glycopyrronium_bromide" title="Glycopyrronium bromide">Glycopyrronium bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipratropium_bromide" title="Ipratropium bromide">Ipratropium bromide</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxitropium_bromide" title="Oxitropium bromide">Oxitropium bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiotropium_bromide" title="Tiotropium bromide">Tiotropium bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umeclidinium_bromide" title="Umeclidinium bromide">Umeclidinium bromide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mast_cell_stabilizer" title="Mast cell stabilizer">Mast cell stabilizers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cromoglicic_acid" title="Cromoglicic acid">Cromoglicate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedocromil" title="Nedocromil">Nedocromil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Xanthine" title="Xanthine">Xanthines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acefylline" title="Acefylline">Acefylline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambuphylline" title="Ambuphylline">Ambuphylline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aminophylline" title="Aminophylline">Aminophylline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamifylline" title="Bamifylline">Bamifylline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choline_theophyllinate" title="Choline theophyllinate">Choline theophyllinate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doxofylline" title="Doxofylline">Doxofylline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enprofylline" title="Enprofylline">Enprofylline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etamiphylline" title="Etamiphylline">Etamiphylline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proxyphylline" title="Proxyphylline">Proxyphylline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophylline" title="Theophylline">Theophylline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eicosanoid" title="Eicosanoid">Eicosanoid</a> inhibition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Leukotriene_antagonist" class="mw-redirect" title="Leukotriene antagonist">Leukotriene antagonists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montelukast" title="Montelukast">Montelukast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pranlukast" title="Pranlukast">Pranlukast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zafirlukast" title="Zafirlukast">Zafirlukast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arachidonate_5-lipoxygenase_inhibitor" title="Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor">Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zileuton" title="Zileuton">Zileuton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Thromboxane_receptor_antagonist" class="mw-redirect" title="Thromboxane receptor antagonist">Thromboxane receptor antagonists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramatroban" title="Ramatroban">Ramatroban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seratrodast" title="Seratrodast">Seratrodast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-xanthine <a href="/wiki/PDE4_inhibitor" title="PDE4 inhibitor">PDE4 inhibitors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibudilast" title="Ibudilast">Ibudilast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roflumilast" title="Roflumilast">Roflumilast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others/unknown</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amlexanox" title="Amlexanox">Amlexanox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ensifentrine" title="Ensifentrine">Ensifentrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eprozinol" title="Eprozinol">Eprozinol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenspiride" title="Fenspiride">Fenspiride</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Omalizumab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Combination products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aclidinium_bromide/formoterol" title="Aclidinium bromide/formoterol">Aclidinium bromide/formoterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beclometasone/formoterol" title="Beclometasone/formoterol">Beclometasone/formoterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beclometasone/formoterol/glycopyrronium_bromide" title="Beclometasone/formoterol/glycopyrronium bromide">Beclometasone/formoterol/glycopyrronium bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budesonide/formoterol" title="Budesonide/formoterol">Budesonide/formoterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budesonide/glycopyrronium_bromide/formoterol" title="Budesonide/glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol">Budesonide/glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluticasone_furoate/umeclidinium_bromide/vilanterol" title="Fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol">Fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluticasone_furoate/vilanterol" title="Fluticasone furoate/vilanterol">Fluticasone furoate/vilanterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluticasone_propionate/salmeterol" class="mw-redirect" title="Fluticasone propionate/salmeterol">Fluticasone propionate/salmeterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glycopyrronium_bromide/formoterol" title="Glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol">Glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indacaterol/glycopyrronium_bromide" title="Indacaterol/glycopyrronium bromide">Indacaterol/glycopyrronium bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indacaterol/glycopyrronium_bromide/mometasone" title="Indacaterol/glycopyrronium bromide/mometasone">Indacaterol/glycopyrronium bromide/mometasone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indacaterol/mometasone" title="Indacaterol/mometasone">Indacaterol/mometasone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipratropium_bromide/salbutamol" title="Ipratropium bromide/salbutamol">Ipratropium bromide/salbutamol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mometasone/formoterol" title="Mometasone/formoterol">Mometasone/formoterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salbutamol/budesonide" title="Salbutamol/budesonide">Salbutamol (albuterol)/budesonide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophylline/ephedrine" title="Theophylline/ephedrine">Theophylline/ephedrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marax" class="mw-redirect" title="Marax">Theophylline/ephedrine/hydroxyzine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tedral" title="Tedral">Theophylline/ephedrine/phenobarbital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umeclidinium_bromide/vilanterol" title="Umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol">Umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="padding: 0px;"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><sup>#</sup><a href="/wiki/WHO_Model_List_of_Essential_Medicines" title="WHO Model List of Essential Medicines">WHO-EM</a></li> <li><sup>‡</sup><a href="/wiki/List_of_withdrawn_drugs" title="List of withdrawn drugs">Withdrawn</a> from market</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinical_trial" title="Clinical trial">Clinical trials</a>: <ul><li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Phases_of_clinical_research#Phase_III" title="Phases of clinical research">Phase III</a></li> <li><sup>§</sup>Never to phase III</li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Immunosuppressive_drugs_/_Immunosuppressants_(L04)180" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Immunosuppressants" title="Template:Immunosuppressants"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Immunosuppressants" title="Template talk:Immunosuppressants"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Immunosuppressants" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Immunosuppressants"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Immunosuppressive_drugs_/_Immunosuppressants_(L04)180" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Immunosuppressive_drug" title="Immunosuppressive drug">Immunosuppressive drugs</a> / <a href="/wiki/Immunosuppression" title="Immunosuppression">Immunosuppressants</a> (<a href="/wiki/ATC_code_L04" title="ATC code L04">L04</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intracellular<br />(initiation)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Antimetabolite" title="Antimetabolite">Antimetabolites</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Purine_synthesis_inhibitor" class="mw-redirect" title="Purine synthesis inhibitor">purine synthesis inhibitors</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azathioprine" title="Azathioprine">Azathioprine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycophenolic_acid" title="Mycophenolic acid">Mycophenolic acid</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dihydroorotate_dehydrogenase" title="Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase">dihydroorotate dehydrogenase</a></i> inhibitors <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leflunomide" title="Leflunomide">Leflunomide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teriflunomide" title="Teriflunomide">Teriflunomide</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Antifolate" title="Antifolate">antifolate</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Methotrexate" title="Methotrexate">Methotrexate</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Macrolide" title="Macrolide">Macrolides</a>/<br />other <a href="/wiki/Interleukin_2" title="Interleukin 2">IL-2</a> inhibitors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/FKBP" title="FKBP">FKBP</a>/<a href="/wiki/Cyclophilin" title="Cyclophilin">Cyclophilin</a>/<a href="/wiki/Calcineurin" title="Calcineurin">Calcineurin</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ciclosporin" title="Ciclosporin">Ciclosporin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pimecrolimus" title="Pimecrolimus">Pimecrolimus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacrolimus" title="Tacrolimus">Tacrolimus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voclosporin" title="Voclosporin">Voclosporin</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abetimus" title="Abetimus">Abetimus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gusperimus" title="Gusperimus">Gusperimus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Immunomodulatory_imide_drug" class="mw-redirect" title="Immunomodulatory imide drug">IMiDs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lenalidomide" title="Lenalidomide">Lenalidomide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomalidomide" title="Pomalidomide">Pomalidomide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalidomide" title="Thalidomide">Thalidomide</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/PDE4_inhibitor" title="PDE4 inhibitor">PDE4 inhibitor</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apremilast" title="Apremilast">Apremilast</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intracellular<br />(reception)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Interleukin_1_receptor_antagonist" class="mw-redirect" title="Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist">IL-1 receptor antagonists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anakinra" title="Anakinra">Anakinra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/MTOR" title="MTOR">mTOR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Everolimus" title="Everolimus">Everolimus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridaforolimus" title="Ridaforolimus">Ridaforolimus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirolimus" title="Sirolimus">Sirolimus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temsirolimus" title="Temsirolimus">Temsirolimus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umirolimus" title="Umirolimus">Umirolimus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zotarolimus" title="Zotarolimus">Zotarolimus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extracellular</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Antibody" title="Antibody">Antibodies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Monoclonal_antibody" title="Monoclonal antibody">Monoclonal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Serum target<br />(noncellular)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Complement_component_5" title="Complement component 5">Complement component 5</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eculizumab" title="Eculizumab">Eculizumab</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/TNF_inhibitor" title="TNF inhibitor">TNF</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adalimumab" title="Adalimumab">Adalimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afelimomab" title="Afelimomab">Afelimomab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certolizumab_pegol" title="Certolizumab pegol">Certolizumab pegol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golimumab" title="Golimumab">Golimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infliximab" title="Infliximab">Infliximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerelimomab" title="Nerelimomab">Nerelimomab</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Interleukin" title="Interleukin">Interleukin</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anakinra" title="Anakinra">Anakinra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basiliximab" title="Basiliximab">Basiliximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bimekizumab" title="Bimekizumab">Bimekizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briakinumab" title="Briakinumab">Briakinumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodalumab" title="Brodalumab">Brodalumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canakinumab" title="Canakinumab">Canakinumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daclizumab" title="Daclizumab">Daclizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guselkumab" title="Guselkumab">Guselkumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ixekizumab" title="Ixekizumab">Ixekizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Netakimab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Netakimab (page does not exist)">Netakimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olokizumab" title="Olokizumab">Olokizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rilonacept" title="Rilonacept">Rilonacept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Risankizumab" title="Risankizumab">Risankizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarilumab" title="Sarilumab">Sarilumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satralizumab" title="Satralizumab">Satralizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secukinumab" title="Secukinumab">Secukinumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siltuximab" title="Siltuximab">Siltuximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirukumab" title="Sirukumab">Sirukumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spesolimab" title="Spesolimab">Spesolimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tildrakizumab" title="Tildrakizumab">Tildrakizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tocilizumab" title="Tocilizumab">Tocilizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ustekinumab" title="Ustekinumab">Ustekinumab</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Interleukin_5" title="Interleukin 5">Interleukin 5</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mepolizumab" title="Mepolizumab">Mepolizumab</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Immunoglobulin_E" title="Immunoglobulin E">Immunoglobulin E</a></i> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Omalizumab</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Interferon" title="Interferon">Interferon</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faralimomab" title="Faralimomab">Faralimomab</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Interleukin_6" title="Interleukin 6">IL-6</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elsilimomab" title="Elsilimomab">Elsilimomab</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Interleukin_12" title="Interleukin 12">IL-12</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interleukin_13" title="Interleukin 13">IL-13</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Interleukin_23" title="Interleukin 23">IL-23</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lebrikizumab" title="Lebrikizumab">Lebrikizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ustekinumab" title="Ustekinumab">Ustekinumab</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Interleukin_17" title="Interleukin 17">IL-17A</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secukinumab" title="Secukinumab">Secukinumab</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cellular<br />target</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/CD3_(immunology)" title="CD3 (immunology)">CD3</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muromonab-CD3" title="Muromonab-CD3">Muromonab-CD3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otelixizumab" title="Otelixizumab">Otelixizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teplizumab" title="Teplizumab">Teplizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visilizumab" title="Visilizumab">Visilizumab</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CD4" title="CD4">CD4</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clenoliximab" title="Clenoliximab">Clenoliximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keliximab" title="Keliximab">Keliximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanolimumab" title="Zanolimumab">Zanolimumab</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CD11a" class="mw-redirect" title="CD11a">CD11a</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Efalizumab" title="Efalizumab">Efalizumab</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CD18" class="mw-redirect" title="CD18">CD18</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erlizumab" title="Erlizumab">Erlizumab</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CD20" title="CD20">CD20</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Obinutuzumab" title="Obinutuzumab">Obinutuzumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocrelizumab" title="Ocrelizumab">Ocrelizumab</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ocrelizumab/hyaluronidase" title="Ocrelizumab/hyaluronidase">+hyaluronidase</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascolizumab" title="Pascolizumab">Pascolizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rituximab" title="Rituximab">Rituximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ublituximab" title="Ublituximab">Ublituximab</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CD23" title="CD23">CD23</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gomiliximab" class="mw-redirect" title="Gomiliximab">Gomiliximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumiliximab" title="Lumiliximab">Lumiliximab</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CD40_(protein)" title="CD40 (protein)">CD40</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teneliximab" title="Teneliximab">Teneliximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toralizumab" title="Toralizumab">Toralizumab</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L-selectin" title="L-selectin">CD62L/L-selectin</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aselizumab" title="Aselizumab">Aselizumab</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CD80" title="CD80">CD80</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galiximab" title="Galiximab">Galiximab</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Basigin" title="Basigin">CD147/Basigin</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gavilimomab" title="Gavilimomab">Gavilimomab</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CD154" title="CD154">CD154</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frexalimab" title="Frexalimab">Frexalimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruplizumab" title="Ruplizumab">Ruplizumab</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i>BLyS</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belimumab" title="Belimumab">Belimumab</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chloramphenicol_acetyltransferase" title="Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase">CAT</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bertilimumab" title="Bertilimumab">Bertilimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lerdelimumab" title="Lerdelimumab">Lerdelimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metelimumab" title="Metelimumab">Metelimumab</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Integrin" title="Integrin">Integrin</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natalizumab" title="Natalizumab">Natalizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedolizumab" title="Vedolizumab">Vedolizumab</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Interleukin-6_receptor" title="Interleukin-6 receptor">Interleukin-6 receptor</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tocilizumab" title="Tocilizumab">Tocilizumab</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lymphocyte_function-associated_antigen_1" title="Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1">LFA-1</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odulimomab" title="Odulimomab">Odulimomab</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/IL-2_receptor" title="IL-2 receptor">IL-2 receptor/CD25</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basiliximab" title="Basiliximab">Basiliximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daclizumab" title="Daclizumab">Daclizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inolimomab" title="Inolimomab">Inolimomab</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/T_cell" title="T cell">T-lymphocyte</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Zolimomab_aritox" title="Zolimomab aritox">Zolimomab aritox</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unsorted</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alemtuzumab" title="Alemtuzumab">Alemtuzumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anifrolumab" title="Anifrolumab">Anifrolumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atorolimumab" title="Atorolimumab">Atorolimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Begelomab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Begelomab (page does not exist)">Begelomab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedelizumab" title="Cedelizumab">Cedelizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emapalumab" title="Emapalumab">Emapalumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontolizumab" title="Fontolizumab">Fontolizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inebilizumab" title="Inebilizumab">Inebilizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maslimomab" title="Maslimomab">Maslimomab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morolimumab" title="Morolimumab">Morolimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ofatumumab" title="Ofatumumab">Ofatumumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pexelizumab" title="Pexelizumab">Pexelizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reslizumab" title="Reslizumab">Reslizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rovelizumab" title="Rovelizumab">Rovelizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siplizumab" title="Siplizumab">Siplizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talizumab" title="Talizumab">Talizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telimomab_aritox" title="Telimomab aritox">Telimomab aritox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teprotumumab" title="Teprotumumab">Teprotumumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vapaliximab" title="Vapaliximab">Vapaliximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vepalimomab" title="Vepalimomab">Vepalimomab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Polyclonal_antibodies" title="Polyclonal antibodies">Polyclonal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-thymocyte_globulin" title="Anti-thymocyte globulin">Anti-thymocyte globulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-lymphocyte_globulin" title="Anti-lymphocyte globulin">Anti-lymphocyte globulin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">-cept (<a href="/wiki/Fusion_protein" title="Fusion protein">Fusion</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/CTLA-4" class="mw-redirect" title="CTLA-4">CTLA-4</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abatacept" title="Abatacept">Abatacept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belatacept" title="Belatacept">Belatacept</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/TNF_inhibitor" title="TNF inhibitor">TNF inhibitor</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Etanercept" title="Etanercept">Etanercept</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opinercept&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opinercept (page does not exist)">Opinercept</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aflibercept" title="Aflibercept">Aflibercept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alefacept" title="Alefacept">Alefacept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rilonacept" title="Rilonacept">Rilonacept</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unsorted</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avacopan" title="Avacopan">Avacopan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baricitinib" title="Baricitinib">Baricitinib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bimekizumab" title="Bimekizumab">Bimekizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blisibimod" title="Blisibimod">Blisibimod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briakinumab" title="Briakinumab">Briakinumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodalumab" title="Brodalumab">Brodalumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canakinumab" title="Canakinumab">Canakinumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crovalimab" title="Crovalimab">Crovalimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danicopan" title="Danicopan">Danicopan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darvadstrocel" title="Darvadstrocel">Darvadstrocel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deucravacitinib" title="Deucravacitinib">Deucravacitinib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deuruxolitinib" title="Deuruxolitinib">Deuruxolitinib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethyl_fumarate" title="Dimethyl fumarate">Dimethyl fumarate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diroximel_fumarate" title="Diroximel fumarate">Diroximel fumarate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efgartigimod_alfa" title="Efgartigimod alfa">Efgartigimod alfa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Efgartigimod_alfa/hyaluronidase" title="Efgartigimod alfa/hyaluronidase">+hyaluronidase</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etrasimod" title="Etrasimod">Etrasimod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filgotinib" title="Filgotinib">Filgotinib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fingolimod" title="Fingolimod">Fingolimod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guselkumab" title="Guselkumab">Guselkumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iptacopan" title="Iptacopan">Iptacopan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Itacitinib&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Itacitinib (page does not exist)">Itacitinib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ixekizumab" title="Ixekizumab">Ixekizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Netakimab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Netakimab (page does not exist)">Netakimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olokizumab" title="Olokizumab">Olokizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozanimod" title="Ozanimod">Ozanimod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peficitinib" title="Peficitinib">Peficitinib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegcetacoplan" title="Pegcetacoplan">Pegcetacoplan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirfenidone" title="Pirfenidone">Pirfenidone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponesimod" title="Ponesimod">Ponesimod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravulizumab" title="Ravulizumab">Ravulizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Risankizumab" title="Risankizumab">Risankizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritlecitinib" title="Ritlecitinib">Ritlecitinib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rozanolixizumab" title="Rozanolixizumab">Rozanolixizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarilumab" title="Sarilumab">Sarilumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satralizumab" title="Satralizumab">Satralizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siltuximab" title="Siltuximab">Siltuximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siponimod" title="Siponimod">Siponimod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirukumab" title="Sirukumab">Sirukumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spesolimab" title="Spesolimab">Spesolimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutimlimab" title="Sutimlimab">Sutimlimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telitacicept" title="Telitacicept">Telitacicept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tildrakizumab" title="Tildrakizumab">Tildrakizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofacitinib" title="Tofacitinib">Tofacitinib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upadacitinib" title="Upadacitinib">Upadacitinib</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Monoclonal_antibodies_for_the_immune_system431" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Monoclonals_for_immune_system" title="Template:Monoclonals for immune system"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Monoclonals_for_immune_system" title="Template talk:Monoclonals for immune system"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Monoclonals_for_immune_system" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monoclonals for immune system"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monoclonal_antibodies_for_the_immune_system431" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Monoclonal_antibodies" class="mw-redirect" title="Monoclonal antibodies">Monoclonal antibodies</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Immune_system" title="Immune system">immune system</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Immune_system" title="Immune system">Immune system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Human</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Immunosuppression" title="Immunosuppression">Immunosuppression</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Abrilumab" title="Abrilumab">Abrilumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adalimumab" title="Adalimumab">Adalimumab</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anifrolumab" title="Anifrolumab">Anifrolumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atorolimumab" title="Atorolimumab">Atorolimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avelumab" title="Avelumab">Avelumab</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avdoralimab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avdoralimab (page does not exist)">Avdoralimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belimumab" title="Belimumab">Belimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleselumab" title="Bleselumab">Bleselumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brodalumab" title="Brodalumab">Brodalumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camidanlumab_tesirine" title="Camidanlumab tesirine">Camidanlumab tesirine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlumab" title="Carlumab">Carlumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cemiplimab" title="Cemiplimab">Cemiplimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dupilumab" title="Dupilumab">Dupilumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldelumab" title="Eldelumab">Eldelumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emapalumab" title="Emapalumab">Emapalumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresolimumab" title="Fresolimumab">Fresolimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golimumab" title="Golimumab">Golimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ianalumab" title="Ianalumab">Ianalumab</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanadelumab" title="Lanadelumab">Lanadelumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenzilumab" title="Lenzilumab">Lenzilumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lerdelimumab" title="Lerdelimumab">Lerdelimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lirentelimab" title="Lirentelimab">Lirentelimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lirilumab" title="Lirilumab">Lirilumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mavrilimumab" title="Mavrilimumab">Mavrilimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metelimumab" title="Metelimumab">Metelimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morolimumab" title="Morolimumab">Morolimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namilumab" title="Namilumab">Namilumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleclumab" title="Oleclumab">Oleclumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxelumab" title="Oxelumab">Oxelumab</a>§</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamrevlumab" title="Pamrevlumab">Pamrevlumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Placulumab" title="Placulumab">Placulumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relatlimab" title="Relatlimab">Relatlimab</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarilumab" title="Sarilumab">Sarilumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sifalimumab" title="Sifalimumab">Sifalimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabalumab" title="Tabalumab">Tabalumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tezepelumab" title="Tezepelumab">Tezepelumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulocuplumab" title="Ulocuplumab">Ulocuplumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varlilumab" title="Varlilumab">Varlilumab</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Immune activation</i>: <a href="/wiki/Ipilimumab" title="Ipilimumab">Ipilimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durvalumab" title="Durvalumab">Durvalumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nivolumab" title="Nivolumab">Nivolumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tremelimumab" title="Tremelimumab">Tremelimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urelumab" title="Urelumab">Urelumab</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Other</i>: <a href="/wiki/Bertilimumab" title="Bertilimumab">Bertilimumab</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ontamalimab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ontamalimab (page does not exist)">Ontamalimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanolimumab" title="Zanolimumab">Zanolimumab</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Combination</i>: <a href="/wiki/Nivolumab/relatlimab" title="Nivolumab/relatlimab">Nivolumab/relatlimab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Mouse</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afelimomab" title="Afelimomab">Afelimomab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elsilimomab" title="Elsilimomab">Elsilimomab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faralimomab" title="Faralimomab">Faralimomab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavilimomab" title="Gavilimomab">Gavilimomab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inolimomab" title="Inolimomab">Inolimomab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maslimomab" title="Maslimomab">Maslimomab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerelimomab" title="Nerelimomab">Nerelimomab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odulimomab" title="Odulimomab">Odulimomab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telimomab_aritox" title="Telimomab aritox">Telimomab aritox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vepalimomab" title="Vepalimomab">Vepalimomab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zolimomab_aritox" title="Zolimomab aritox">Zolimomab aritox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Chimeric_antibody" class="mw-redirect" title="Chimeric antibody">Chimeric</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andecaliximab" title="Andecaliximab">Andecaliximab</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basiliximab" title="Basiliximab">Basiliximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clenoliximab" title="Clenoliximab">Clenoliximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galiximab" title="Galiximab">Galiximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomiliximab" class="mw-redirect" title="Gomiliximab">Gomiliximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infliximab" title="Infliximab">Infliximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keliximab" title="Keliximab">Keliximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumiliximab" title="Lumiliximab">Lumiliximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priliximab" title="Priliximab">Priliximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teneliximab" title="Teneliximab">Teneliximab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vapaliximab" title="Vapaliximab">Vapaliximab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Humanized_antibody" title="Humanized antibody">Humanized</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Immunosuppressive:</i> <a href="/wiki/Apolizumab" title="Apolizumab">Apolizumab</a><sup>§</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aselizumab" title="Aselizumab">Aselizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atezolizumab" title="Atezolizumab">Atezolizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benralizumab" title="Benralizumab">Benralizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camrelizumab" title="Camrelizumab">Camrelizumab</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedelizumab" title="Cedelizumab">Cedelizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certolizumab_pegol" title="Certolizumab pegol">Certolizumab pegol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crizanlizumab" title="Crizanlizumab">Crizanlizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daclizumab" title="Daclizumab">Daclizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eculizumab" title="Eculizumab">Eculizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efalizumab" title="Efalizumab">Efalizumab</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epratuzumab" title="Epratuzumab">Epratuzumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erlizumab" title="Erlizumab">Erlizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etrolizumab" title="Etrolizumab">Etrolizumab</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontolizumab" title="Fontolizumab">Fontolizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frexalimab" title="Frexalimab">Frexalimab</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inebilizumab" title="Inebilizumab">Inebilizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itolizumab" title="Itolizumab">Itolizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampalizumab" title="Lampalizumab">Lampalizumab</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letolizumab" title="Letolizumab">Letolizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligelizumab" title="Ligelizumab">Ligelizumab</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lulizumab_pegol" title="Lulizumab pegol">Lulizumab pegol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mepolizumab" title="Mepolizumab">Mepolizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mogamulizumab" title="Mogamulizumab">Mogamulizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalizumab" title="Natalizumab">Natalizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocrelizumab" title="Ocrelizumab">Ocrelizumab</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ocrelizumab/hyaluronidase" title="Ocrelizumab/hyaluronidase">+hyaluronidase</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Omalizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozoralizumab" title="Ozoralizumab">Ozoralizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascolizumab" title="Pascolizumab">Pascolizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pateclizumab" title="Pateclizumab">Pateclizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pembrolizumab" title="Pembrolizumab">Pembrolizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pexelizumab" title="Pexelizumab">Pexelizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pidilizumab" title="Pidilizumab">Pidilizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plozalizumab" title="Plozalizumab">Plozalizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PRO_140" class="mw-redirect" title="PRO 140">PRO 140</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quilizumab" title="Quilizumab">Quilizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravulizumab" title="Ravulizumab">Ravulizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reslizumab" title="Reslizumab">Reslizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retifanlimab" title="Retifanlimab">Retifanlimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rontalizumab" title="Rontalizumab">Rontalizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rovelizumab" title="Rovelizumab">Rovelizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruplizumab" title="Ruplizumab">Ruplizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samalizumab" title="Samalizumab">Samalizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satralizumab" title="Satralizumab">Satralizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siplizumab" title="Siplizumab">Siplizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartalizumab" title="Spartalizumab">Spartalizumab</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talizumab" title="Talizumab">Talizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teclistamab" title="Teclistamab">Teclistamab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teplizumab" title="Teplizumab">Teplizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tislelizumab" title="Tislelizumab">Tislelizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tocilizumab" title="Tocilizumab">Tocilizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toralizumab" title="Toralizumab">Toralizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tregalizumab" title="Tregalizumab">Tregalizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatelizumab" title="Vatelizumab">Vatelizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedolizumab" title="Vedolizumab">Vedolizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visilizumab" title="Visilizumab">Visilizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vobarilizumab" title="Vobarilizumab">Vobarilizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TGN1412" class="mw-redirect" title="TGN1412">TGN1412</a><sup>§</sup><br /></li></ul> <p><i>Immune activation</i>: <a href="/wiki/Dostarlimab" title="Dostarlimab">Dostarlimab</a><br /> <i>Other:</i> <a href="/wiki/Ibalizumab" title="Ibalizumab">Ibalizumab</a> </p> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Chimeric + humanized<br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otelixizumab" title="Otelixizumab">Otelixizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rozanolixizumab" title="Rozanolixizumab">Rozanolixizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutimlimab" title="Sutimlimab">Sutimlimab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Interleukin" title="Interleukin">Interleukin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Human</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bermekimab" title="Bermekimab">Bermekimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazikumab" title="Brazikumab">Brazikumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briakinumab" title="Briakinumab">Briakinumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canakinumab" title="Canakinumab">Canakinumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fezakinumab" title="Fezakinumab">Fezakinumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fletikumab" title="Fletikumab">Fletikumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guselkumab" title="Guselkumab">Guselkumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secukinumab" title="Secukinumab">Secukinumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirukumab" title="Sirukumab">Sirukumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tralokinumab" title="Tralokinumab">Tralokinumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ustekinumab" title="Ustekinumab">Ustekinumab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Humanized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anrukinzumab" title="Anrukinzumab">Anrukinzumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bimekizumab" title="Bimekizumab">Bimekizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clazakizumab" title="Clazakizumab">Clazakizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gevokizumab" title="Gevokizumab">Gevokizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ixekizumab" title="Ixekizumab">Ixekizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirikizumab" title="Mirikizumab">Mirikizumab</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebrikizumab" title="Lebrikizumab">Lebrikizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olokizumab" title="Olokizumab">Olokizumab</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perakizumab" title="Perakizumab">Perakizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Risankizumab" title="Risankizumab">Risankizumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spesolimab" title="Spesolimab">Spesolimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tildrakizumab" title="Tildrakizumab">Tildrakizumab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Veterinary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lokivetmab" title="Lokivetmab">Lokivetmab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">Inflammatory <a href="/wiki/Lesion" title="Lesion">lesions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Mouse5" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Mouse</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Besilesomab" title="Besilesomab">Besilesomab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technetium_(99mTc)_fanolesomab" title="Technetium (99mTc) fanolesomab">Fanolesomab</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemalesomab" title="Lemalesomab">Lemalesomab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technetium_(99mTc)_sulesomab" title="Technetium (99mTc) sulesomab">Sulesomab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;;padding: 0px;"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><sup>#</sup><a href="/wiki/WHO_Model_List_of_Essential_Medicines" title="WHO Model List of Essential Medicines">WHO-EM</a></li> <li><sup>‡</sup><a href="/wiki/List_of_withdrawn_drugs" title="List of withdrawn drugs">Withdrawn</a> from market</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinical_trial" title="Clinical trial">Clinical trials</a>: <ul><li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Phases_of_clinical_research#Phase_III" title="Phases of clinical research">Phase III</a></li> <li><sup>§</sup>Never to phase III</li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portal</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/WHO_Rod.svg/8px-WHO_Rod.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/WHO_Rod.svg/12px-WHO_Rod.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/WHO_Rod.svg/16px-WHO_Rod.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="107" data-file-height="250" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Medicine" title="Portal:Medicine">Medicine</a></li></ul></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&oldid=1279925830">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&oldid=1279925830</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Monoclonal_antibodies" title="Category:Monoclonal antibodies">Monoclonal antibodies</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Antiasthmatic_drugs" title="Category:Antiasthmatic drugs">Antiasthmatic drugs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Drugs_developed_by_Hoffmann-La_Roche" title="Category:Drugs developed by Hoffmann-La Roche">Drugs developed by Hoffmann-La Roche</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Drugs_developed_by_Genentech" title="Category:Drugs developed by Genentech">Drugs developed by Genentech</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Drugs_developed_by_Novartis" title="Category:Drugs developed by Novartis">Drugs developed by Novartis</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Source_attribution" title="Category:Source attribution">Source attribution</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_May_2024" title="Category:Use dmy dates from May 2024">Use dmy dates from May 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Drugs_with_non-standard_legal_status" title="Category:Drugs with non-standard legal status">Drugs with non-standard legal status</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chemicals_that_do_not_have_a_ChemSpider_ID_assigned" title="Category:Chemicals that do not have a ChemSpider ID assigned">Chemicals that do not have a ChemSpider ID assigned</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_changed_EBI_identifier" title="Category:Articles with changed EBI identifier">Articles with changed EBI identifier</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_without_InChI_source" title="Category:Articles without InChI source">Articles without InChI source</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Drugboxes_which_contain_changes_to_verified_fields" title="Category:Drugboxes which contain changes to verified fields">Drugboxes which contain changes to verified fields</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Drugs_that_are_a_monoclonal_antibody" title="Category:Drugs that are a monoclonal antibody">Drugs that are a monoclonal antibody</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_February_2024" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from February 2024">Articles with unsourced statements from February 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_pages_needing_factual_verification" title="Category:All pages needing factual verification">All pages needing factual verification</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_factual_verification_from_February_2024" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from February 2024">Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from February 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2020" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements" title="Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements">All articles containing potentially dated statements</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 11 March 2025, at 11:47<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Omalizumab&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Omalizumab</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>19 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.next-687f5df7f8-m4n5f","wgBackendResponseTime":215,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.057","walltime":"1.256","ppvisitednodes":{"value":10036,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":362064,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":13029,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":18,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":326314,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1075.639 1 -total"," 43.49% 467.763 1 Template:Reflist"," 29.93% 321.922 1 Template:Infobox_drug"," 22.79% 245.108 1 Template:Infobox"," 18.50% 199.028 40 Template:Cite_journal"," 16.02% 172.338 25 Template:Cite_web"," 10.99% 118.239 13 Template:Navbox"," 7.10% 76.346 1 Template:Drugs_for_obstructive_airway_diseases"," 6.53% 70.202 2 Template:Short_description"," 5.44% 58.551 17 Template:Unbulleted_list"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.585","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":10078717,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-d5cbcb548-69s7d","timestamp":"20250311114753","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Omalizumab","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Omalizumab","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q415392","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q415392","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-12-08T05:13:00Z","dateModified":"2025-03-11T11:47:44Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/2\/27\/Omalizumab.png","headline":"pharmaceutical drug"}</script> </body> </html>