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stresses</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: effective stresses"> <meta name="keywords" content="effective stresses"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="effective stresses"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 10186</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: effective stresses</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10186</span> Modeling of Coupled Mechanical State and Diffusion in Composites with Impermeable Fibers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Gueribiz">D. Gueribiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Jacquemin"> F. Jacquemin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Fr%C3%A9our"> S. Fréour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During their service life, composite materials are submitted to humid environments. The moisture absorbed by their matrix polymer induced internal stresses which can lead to multi-scale damage and may reduce the lifetime of composite structures. The estimation of internal stresses is based at a first on realistic evaluation of the diffusive behavior of composite materials. Generally, the modeling and simulation of the diffusive behavior of composite materials are extensively investigated through decoupled models based on the assumption of Fickien behavior. For these approaches, the concentration and the deformation (or stresses), the two state variables of the problem considered are governed by independent equations which are solved separately. In this study, a model coupling diffusive behavior with stresses state for a polymer matrix composite reinforced with impermeable fibers is proposed, the investigation of diffusive behavior is based on a more general thermodynamic approach which introduces a dependence of diffusive behavior on internal stresses state. The coupled diffusive behavior modeling was established in first for homogeneous and isotropic matrix and it is, thereafter, extended to impermeable unidirectional composites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composites%20materials" title="composites materials">composites materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moisture%20diffusion" title=" moisture diffusion"> moisture diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20moisture%20diffusivity" title=" effective moisture diffusivity"> effective moisture diffusivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coupled%20moisture%20diffusion" title=" coupled moisture diffusion "> coupled moisture diffusion </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48341/modeling-of-coupled-mechanical-state-and-diffusion-in-composites-with-impermeable-fibers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48341.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10185</span> Laser Shock Peening of Additively Manufactured Nickel-Based Superalloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Munther">Michael Munther</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keivan%20Davami"> Keivan Davami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One significant roadblock for additively manufactured (AM) parts is the buildup of residual tensile stresses during the fabrication process. These residual stresses are formed due to the intense localized thermal gradients and high cooling rates that cause non-uniform material expansion/contraction and mismatched strain profiles during powder-bed fusion techniques, such as direct metal laser sintering (DMLS). The residual stresses adversely affect the fatigue life of the AM parts. Moreover, if the residual stresses become higher than the material’s yield strength, they will lead to acute geometric distortion. These are limiting the applications and acceptance of AM components for safety-critical applications. Herein, we discuss laser shock peening method as an advanced technique for the manipulation of the residual stresses in AM parts. An X-ray diffraction technique is used for the measurements of the residual stresses before and after the laser shock peening process. Also, the hardness of the structures is measured using a nanoindentation technique. Maps of nanohardness and modulus are obtained from the nanoindentation, and a correlation is made between the residual stresses and the mechanical properties. The results indicate that laser shock peening is able to induce compressive residual stresses in the structure that mitigate the tensile residual stresses and increase the hardness of AM IN718, a superalloy, almost 20%. No significant changes were observed in the modulus after laser shock peening. The results strongly suggest that laser shock peening can be used as an advanced post-processing technique to optimize the service lives of critical components for various applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=additive%20manufacturing" title="additive manufacturing">additive manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inconel%20718" title=" Inconel 718"> Inconel 718</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20shock%20peening" title=" laser shock peening"> laser shock peening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stresses" title=" residual stresses"> residual stresses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111318/laser-shock-peening-of-additively-manufactured-nickel-based-superalloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111318.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10184</span> Effects of Tensile Pre-Stresses on Corrosion Behavior of AISI 304 Stainless Steel in 1N H2SO4</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sami%20Ibrahim%20Jafar">Sami Ibrahim Jafar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Israa%20Abud%20Alkadir"> Israa Abud Alkadir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samah%20Abdul%20Kareem%20Khashin"> Samah Abdul Kareem Khashin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this work is to assess the influence of tensile pre-stresses on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of the AISI304 stainless steel in 1N H2SO4 austenitic stainless steel. Samples of this stainless steel either with pre-stresses, corresponding to [255, 305, 355, 405, 455, 505, 555, 605 and σf] MPa induced by tensile tests, or without pre-stresses (as received), were characterized regarding their microstructure to investigate the pre-tensile stress effects on the corrosion behavior. The results showed that the corrosion rate of elastic pre-stresses 304 stainless steel was very little increased compared with that of as received specimens. The corrosion rate increases after applying pre-stress between (σ255 - σ 455) MPa. The microstructure showed that the austenitic grains begin to deform in the direction of applied pre-stresses. The maximum hardness at this region was (229.2) Hv, but at higher pre-stress (σ455 – σ 605) MPa unanticipated occurrence, the corrosion rate decreases. The microstructure inspection shows the deformed austenitic grain and ά-martensitic phase needle are appeared inside austenitic grains and the hardness reached the maximum value (332.433) Hv. The results showed that the corrosion rate increases at the values of pre-stresses between (σ605 – σf) MPa., which is inspected the result. The necking of gauge length of specimens occurs in specimens and this leads to deterioration in original properties and the corrosion rate reaches the maximum value. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile%20pre-stresses" title="tensile pre-stresses">tensile pre-stresses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion%20rate" title=" corrosion rate"> corrosion rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=austenitic%20stainless%20steel" title=" austenitic stainless steel"> austenitic stainless steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness" title=" hardness"> hardness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47841/effects-of-tensile-pre-stresses-on-corrosion-behavior-of-aisi-304-stainless-steel-in-1n-h2so4" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47841.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10183</span> Comparison of Different Methods of Evaluating Nozzle Junction Stresses under External Loads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinod%20Kumar">Vinod Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arun%20Kumar"> Arun Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surjit%20Angra"> Surjit Angra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper addresses the junction stress analysis of orthogonally intersecting thin walled cylindrical shell and thin walled cylindrical nozzle subjected to external loading on nozzle. Junction stresses have been calculated theoretically by welding research council (WRC) bulletins 107 and 297 for different nozzle loads. WRC bulletins 107 and 297 have been used by design engineers for calculating nozzle-vessel junction stresses since their publication. They give simple empirical relations and easy in application. Also 3D FEA in which material is elastic has been done in ANSYS software with 8 node solid element model and results of FEA have been compared with WRC results. Stress intensities obtained by WRC 297 are generally slightly higher than obtained by WRC 107. Membrane stresses obtained by FEA are much higher than WRC and membrane plus bending stresses obtained by FEA are lower than WRC. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEA" title="FEA">FEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=junction%20stress" title=" junction stress"> junction stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20element" title=" solid element"> solid element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WRC%20107" title=" WRC 107"> WRC 107</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WRC%20297" title=" WRC 297"> WRC 297</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4917/comparison-of-different-methods-of-evaluating-nozzle-junction-stresses-under-external-loads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4917.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">580</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10182</span> The Development of a Residual Stress Measurement Method for Roll Formed Products</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Sun">Yong Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20Luzin"> Vladimir Luzin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhen%20Qian"> Zhen Qian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=William%20J.%20T.%20Daniel"> William J. T. Daniel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mingxing%20Zhang"> Mingxing Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shichao%20Ding"> Shichao Ding</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The residual stresses in roll formed products are generally very high and un-predictable. This is due to the occurrence of redundant plastic deformation in roll forming process and it can cause various product defects. Although the residual stresses of a roll formed product consist of longitudinal and transverse residual stresses components, but the longitudinal residual stresses plays a key role to the product defects of a roll formed product and therefore, only the longitudinal residual stresses concerned by the roll forming scholars and engineers. However, how to inspect the residual stresses of a product quickly and economically as a routine operation is still a challenge. This paper introduces a residual stresses measurement method called slope cutting method to study the longitudinal residual stresses through layers geometrically to a roll formed products or a product with similar process such as a rolled sheet. The detailed measuring procedure is given and discussed. The residual stresses variation through the layer can be derived based on the variation of curvature in different layers and steps. The slope cutting method has been explored and validated by experimental study on a roll-formed square tube. The neutron diffraction method is applied to validate the accuracy of the newly proposed layering removal materials results. The two set results agree with each other very well and therefore, the method is expected to be a routine testing method to monitor the quality of a product been formed and that is a great impact to roll forming industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roll%20forming" title="roll forming">roll forming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stress" title=" residual stress"> residual stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measurement%20method" title=" measurement method"> measurement method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutron%20diffraction" title=" neutron diffraction"> neutron diffraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51177/the-development-of-a-residual-stress-measurement-method-for-roll-formed-products" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51177.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10181</span> Study on Residual Stress Measurement of Inconel-718 under Different Lubricating Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Sandeep%20Kumar">M. Sandeep Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasu%20Velagapudi"> Vasu Velagapudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Venugopal"> A. Venugopal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When machining is carried out on a workpiece, residual stresses are induced in the workpiece due to nonuniform thermal and mechanical loads. These stresses play a vital role in the surface integrity of the final product or the output. Inconel 718 is commonly used in critical structural components of aircraft engines due to its properties at high temperatures. Therefore it is important to keep down the stresses induced due to machining. This can be achieved through proper lubricating conditions. In this work, experiments were carried out to check the influence of the developed nanofluid as cutting fluids on residual stresses developed during the course of machining. The results of MQL/Nanofluids were compared with MQL/Vegetable oil and dry machining lubricating condition. Results indicate the reduction in residual stress with the use of MQL/Nanofluid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofluids" title="nanofluids">nanofluids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MQL" title=" MQL"> MQL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stress" title=" residual stress"> residual stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inconel-718" title=" Inconel-718"> Inconel-718</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67072/study-on-residual-stress-measurement-of-inconel-718-under-different-lubricating-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67072.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10180</span> Simulation of Cure Kinetics and Process-Induced Stresses in Carbon Fibre Composite Laminate Manufactured by a Liquid Composite Molding Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jayaraman%20Muniyappan">Jayaraman Muniyappan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bachchan%20Kr%20Mishra"> Bachchan Kr Mishra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gautam%20Salkar"> Gautam Salkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swetha%20Manian%20Sridhar"> Swetha Manian Sridhar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM), a cost effective method of Liquid Composite Molding (LCM), is a single step process where the resin, at atmospheric pressure, is infused through a preform that is maintained under vacuum. This hydrodynamic pressure gradient is responsible for the flow of resin through the dry fabric preform. The current study has a slight variation to traditional VARTM, wherein, the resin infuses through the fabric placed on a heated mold to reduce its viscosity. The saturated preform is subjected to a cure cycle where the resin hardens as it undergoes curing. During this cycle, an uneven temperature distribution through the thickness of the composite and excess exothermic heat released due to different cure rates result in non-uniform curing. Additionally, there is a difference in thermal expansion coefficient between fiber and resin in a given plane and between adjacent plies. All these effects coupled with orthotropic coefficient of thermal expansion of the composite give rise to process-induced stresses in the laminate. Such stresses lead to part deformation when the laminate tries to relieve them as the part is released off the mold. The current study looks at simulating resin infusion, cure kinetics and the structural response of composite laminate subject to process-induced stresses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cure%20kinetics" title="cure kinetics">cure kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process-induced%20stresses" title=" process-induced stresses"> process-induced stresses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20expansion%20coefficient" title=" thermal expansion coefficient"> thermal expansion coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vacuum%20assisted%20resin%20transfer%20molding" title=" vacuum assisted resin transfer molding"> vacuum assisted resin transfer molding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54963/simulation-of-cure-kinetics-and-process-induced-stresses-in-carbon-fibre-composite-laminate-manufactured-by-a-liquid-composite-molding-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10179</span> Evaluation of Residual Stresses in Human Face as a Function of Growth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Askari">M. A. Askari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Nazari"> M. A. Nazari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Perrier"> P. Perrier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Payan"> Y. Payan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Growth and remodeling of biological structures have gained lots of attention over the past decades. Determining the response of living tissues to mechanical loads is necessary for a wide range of developing fields such as prosthetics design or computerassisted surgical interventions. It is a well-known fact that biological structures are never stress-free, even when externally unloaded. The exact origin of these residual stresses is not clear, but theoretically, growth is one of the main sources. Extracting body organ’s shapes from medical imaging does not produce any information regarding the existing residual stresses in that organ. The simplest cause of such stresses is gravity since an organ grows under its influence from birth. Ignoring such residual stresses might cause erroneous results in numerical simulations. Accounting for residual stresses due to tissue growth can improve the accuracy of mechanical analysis results. This paper presents an original computational framework based on gradual growth to determine the residual stresses due to growth. To illustrate the method, we apply it to a finite element model of a healthy human face reconstructed from medical images. The distribution of residual stress in facial tissues is computed, which can overcome the effect of gravity and maintain tissues firmness. Our assumption is that tissue wrinkles caused by aging could be a consequence of decreasing residual stress and thus not counteracting gravity. Taking into account these stresses seems therefore extremely important in maxillofacial surgery. It would indeed help surgeons to estimate tissues changes after surgery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title="finite element method">finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stress" title=" residual stress"> residual stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20tissue" title=" soft tissue"> soft tissue</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42023/evaluation-of-residual-stresses-in-human-face-as-a-function-of-growth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42023.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10178</span> An Analytical Approach to Calculate Thermo-Mechanical Stresses in Integral Abutment Bridge Piles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jafar%20Razmi">Jafar Razmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Integral abutment bridges are bridges that do not have joints. If these bridges are subject to large seasonal and daily temperature variations, the expansion and contraction of the bridge slab is transferred to the piles. Since the piles are deep into the soil, displacement induced by slab can cause bending and stresses in piles. These stresses cause fatigue and failure of piles. A complex mechanical interaction exists between the slab, pile, soil and abutment. This complex interaction needs to be understood in order to calculate the stresses in piles. This paper uses a mechanical approach in developing analytical equations for the complex structure to determine the stresses in piles. The solution to these analytical solutions is developed and compared with finite element analysis results and experimental data. Our comparison shows that using analytical approach can accurately predict the displacement in piles. This approach offers a simplified technique that can be utilized without the need for computationally extensive finite element model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integral%20abutment%20bridges" title="integral abutment bridges">integral abutment bridges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piles" title=" piles"> piles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermo-mechanical%20stress" title=" thermo-mechanical stress"> thermo-mechanical stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress%20and%20strains" title=" stress and strains"> stress and strains</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90312/an-analytical-approach-to-calculate-thermo-mechanical-stresses-in-integral-abutment-bridge-piles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90312.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10177</span> Solution of S3 Problem of Deformation Mechanics for a Definite Condition and Resulting Modifications of Important Failure Theories</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ranajay%20Bhowmick">Ranajay Bhowmick</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Analysis of stresses for an infinitesimal tetrahedron leads to a situation where we obtain a cubic equation consisting of three stress invariants. This cubic equation, when solved for a definite condition, gives the principal stresses directly without requiring any cumbersome and time-consuming trial and error methods or iterative numerical procedures. Since the failure criterion of different materials are generally expressed as functions of principal stresses, an attempt has been made in this study to incorporate the solutions of the cubic equation in the form of principal stresses, obtained for a definite condition, into some of the established failure theories to determine their modified descriptions. It has been observed that the failure theories can be represented using the quadratic stress invariant and the orientation of the principal plane. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cubic%20equation" title="cubic equation">cubic equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress%20invariant" title=" stress invariant"> stress invariant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trigonometric" title=" trigonometric"> trigonometric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explicit%20solution" title=" explicit solution"> explicit solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principal%20stress" title=" principal stress"> principal stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=failure%20criterion" title=" failure criterion"> failure criterion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128515/solution-of-s3-problem-of-deformation-mechanics-for-a-definite-condition-and-resulting-modifications-of-important-failure-theories" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128515.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10176</span> Analysis and Modeling of Stresses and Creeps Resulting from Soil Mechanics in Southern Plains of Kerman Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kourosh%20Nazarian">Kourosh Nazarian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many of the engineering materials, such as behavioral metals, have at least a certain level of linear behavior. It means that if the stresses are doubled, the deformations would be also doubled. In fact, these materials have linear elastic properties. Soils do not follow this law, for example, when compressed, soils become gradually tighter. On the surface of the ground, the sand can be easily deformed with a finger, but in high compressive stresses, they gain considerable hardness and strength. This is mainly due to the increase in the forces among the separate particles. Creeps also deform the soils under a constant load over time. Clay and peat soils have creep behavior. As a result of this phenomenon, structures constructed on such soils will continue their collapse over time<span dir="RTL">.</span> In this paper, the researchers analyzed and modeled the stresses and creeps in the southern plains of Kerman province in Iran through library-documentary, quantitative and software techniques, and field survey. The results of the modeling showed that these plains experienced severe stresses and had a collapse of about 26 cm in the last 15 years and also creep evidence was discovered in an area with a gradient of 3-6 degrees. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stress" title="Stress">Stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creep" title=" creep"> creep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=faryab" title=" faryab"> faryab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20runoff" title=" surface runoff"> surface runoff</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89134/analysis-and-modeling-of-stresses-and-creeps-resulting-from-soil-mechanics-in-southern-plains-of-kerman-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89134.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10175</span> Non-Homogeneity in a Thick Walled Rotating Circular Cylinder under Varying Pressure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jatinder%20Kaur">Jatinder Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pankaj%20Thakur"> Pankaj Thakur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of pressure and temperature in non-homogeneous circular cylinder by taking non-homogeneity of material in terms of compressibility c=c₀r⁻ᵏ has been observed. From the results, it could be seen that for K<0, high pressure is required in the initial yielding state than for the case K >0. Under thermal conditions for value K<0, lesser amount of pressure is required for initial yielding, and further, the amount keeps on decreasing with an increase in temperature. Curves are drawn between pressure and radii ratio for initial and fully plastic state with and without temperature conditions. Further graphs between stresses (hoop and radial) and radii ratio for fully plastic state with and without temperature conditions are also drawn and concluded that hoop stresses become minimum with the increase in temperature as compared to radial stresses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cylinder" title="cylinder">cylinder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic" title=" elastic"> elastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic" title=" plastic"> plastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper" title=" copper"> copper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel" title=" steel"> steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stresses" title=" stresses"> stresses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure" title=" pressure"> pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load" title=" load"> load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160926/non-homogeneity-in-a-thick-walled-rotating-circular-cylinder-under-varying-pressure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160926.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10174</span> Prediction and Optimization of Machining Induced Residual Stresses in End Milling of AISI 1045 Steel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wajid%20Ali%20Khan">Wajid Ali Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Extensive experimentation and numerical investigation are performed to predict the machining-induced residual stresses in the end milling of AISI 1045 steel, and an optimization code has been developed using the particle swarm optimization technique. Experiments were conducted using a single factor at a time and design of experiments approach. Regression analysis was done, and a mathematical model of the cutting process was developed, thus predicting the machining-induced residual stress with reasonable accuracy. The mathematical model served as the objective function to be optimized using particle swarm optimization. The relationship between the different cutting parameters and the output variables, force, and residual stresses has been studied. The combined effect of the process parameters, speed, feed, and depth of cut was examined, and it is understood that 85% of the variation of these variables can be attributed to these machining parameters under research. A 3D finite element model is developed to predict the cutting forces and the machining-induced residual stresses in end milling operation. The results were validated experimentally and against the Johnson-cook model available in the literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stresses" title="residual stresses">residual stresses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=end%20milling" title=" end milling"> end milling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=1045%20steel" title=" 1045 steel"> 1045 steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157047/prediction-and-optimization-of-machining-induced-residual-stresses-in-end-milling-of-aisi-1045-steel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157047.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10173</span> Estimation of Effective Mechanical Properties of Linear Elastic Materials with Voids Due to Volume and Surface Defects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergey%20A.%20Lurie">Sergey A. Lurie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yury%20O.%20Solyaev"> Yury O. Solyaev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitry%20B.%20Volkov-Bogorodsky"> Dmitry B. Volkov-Bogorodsky</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20V.%20Volkov"> Alexander V. Volkov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The media with voids is considered and the method of the analytical estimation of the effective mechanical properties in the theory of elastic materials with voids is proposed. The variational model of the porous media is discussed, which is based on the model of the media with fields of conserved dislocations. It is shown that this model is fully consistent with the known model of the linear elastic materials with voids. In the present work, the generalized model of the porous media is proposed in which the specific surface properties are associated with the field of defects-pores in the volume of the deformed body. Unlike typical surface elasticity model, the strain energy density of the considered model includes the special part of the surface energy with the quadratic form of the free distortion tensor. In the result, the non-classical boundary conditions take modified form of the balance equations of volume and surface stresses. The analytical approach is proposed in the present work which allows to receive the simple enough engineering estimations for effective characteristics of the media with free dilatation. In particular, the effective flexural modulus and Poisson's ratio are determined for the problem of a beam pure bending. Here, the known voids elasticity solution was expanded on the generalized model with the surface effects. Received results allow us to compare the deformed state of the porous beam with the equivalent classic beam to introduce effective bending rigidity. Obtained analytical expressions for the effective properties depend on the thickness of the beam as a parameter. It is shown that the flexural modulus of the porous beam is decreased with an increasing of its thickness and the effective Poisson's ratio of the porous beams can take negative values for the certain values of the model parameters. On the other hand, the effective shear modulus is constant under variation of all values of the non-classical model parameters. Solutions received for a beam pure bending and the hydrostatic loading of the porous media are compared. It is shown that an analytical estimation for the bulk modulus of the porous material under hydrostatic compression gives an asymptotic value for the effective bulk modulus of the porous beam in the case of beam thickness increasing. Additionally, it is shown that the scale effects appear due to the surface properties of the porous media. Obtained results allow us to offer the procedure of an experimental identification of the non-classical parameters in the theory of the linear elastic materials with voids based on the bending tests for samples with different thickness. Finally, the problem of implementation of the Saint-Venant hypothesis for the transverse stresses in the porous beam are discussed. These stresses are different from zero in the solution of the voids elasticity theory, but satisfy the integral equilibrium equations. In this work, the exact value of the introduced surface parameter was found, which provides the vanishing of the transverse stresses on the free surfaces of a beam. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20properties" title="effective properties">effective properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scale%20effects" title=" scale effects"> scale effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20defects" title=" surface defects"> surface defects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voids%20elasticity" title=" voids elasticity"> voids elasticity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36564/estimation-of-effective-mechanical-properties-of-linear-elastic-materials-with-voids-due-to-volume-and-surface-defects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36564.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">419</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10172</span> Computation of Residual Stresses in Human Face Due to Growth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Askari">M. A. Askari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Nazari"> M. A. Nazari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Perrier"> P. Perrier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Payan"> Y. Payan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Growth and remodeling of biological structures have gained lots of attention over the past decades. Determining the response of the living tissues to the mechanical loads is necessary for a wide range of developing fields such as, designing of prosthetics and optimized surgery operations. It is a well-known fact that biological structures are never stress-free, even when externally unloaded. The exact origin of these residual stresses is not clear, but theoretically growth and remodeling is one of the main sources. Extracting body organs from medical imaging, does not produce any information regarding the existing residual stresses in that organ. The simplest cause of such stresses is the gravity since an organ grows under its influence from its birth. Ignoring such residual stresses might cause erroneous results in numerical simulations. Accounting for residual stresses due to tissue growth can improve the accuracy of mechanical analysis results. In this paper, we have implemented a computational framework based on fixed-point iteration to determine the residual stresses due to growth. Using nonlinear continuum mechanics and the concept of fictitious configuration we find the unknown stress-free reference configuration which is necessary for mechanical analysis. To illustrate the method, we apply it to a finite element model of healthy human face whose geometry has been extracted from medical images. We have computed the distribution of residual stress in facial tissues, which can overcome the effect of gravity and cause that tissues remain firm. Tissue wrinkles caused by aging could be a consequence of decreasing residual stress and not counteracting the gravity. Considering these stresses has important application in maxillofacial surgery. It helps the surgeons to predict the changes after surgical operations and their consequences. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title="growth">growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20tissue" title=" soft tissue"> soft tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stress" title=" residual stress"> residual stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method "> finite element method </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37091/computation-of-residual-stresses-in-human-face-due-to-growth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37091.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10171</span> Reproducibility of Shear Strength Parameters Determined from CU Triaxial Tests: Evaluation of Results from Regression of Different Failure Stress Combinations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henok%20Marie%20Shiferaw">Henok Marie Shiferaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barbara%20Schneider-Muntau"> Barbara Schneider-Muntau</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Test repeatability and data reproducibility are a concern in many geotechnical laboratory tests due to inherent soil variability, inhomogeneous sample preparation and measurement inaccuracy. Test results on comparable test specimens vary to a considerable extent. Thus, also the derived shear strength parameters from triaxial tests are affected. In this contribution, we present the reproducibility of effective shear strength parameters from consolidated undrained triaxial tests on plain soil and cement-treated soil specimens. Six remolded test specimens were prepared for the plain soil and for the cement-treated soil. Conventional three levels of consolidation pressure testing were considered with an effective consolidation pressure of 100 kPa, 200 kPa and 300 kPa, respectively. At each effective consolidation pressure, two tests were done on comparable test specimens. Focus was laid on the same mean dry density and same water content during sample preparation for the two specimens. The cement-treated specimens were tested after 28 days of curing. Shearing of test specimens was carried out at a deformation rate of 0.4 mm/min after sample saturation at a back pressure of 900 kPa, followed by consolidation. The effective peak and residual shear strength parameters were then estimated from regression analysis of 21 different combinations of the failure stresses from the six tests conducted for both the plain soil and cement-treated soil samples. The 21 different stress combinations were constructed by picking three, four, five and six failure tresses at once at different combinations. Results indicate that the effective shear strength parameters estimated from the regression of different combinations of the failure stresses vary. Effective critical friction angle was found to be more consistent than effective peak friction angle with a smaller standard deviation. The reproducibility of the shear strength parameters for the cement-treated specimens was even lower than that of the untreated specimens. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20strength%20parameters" title="shear strength parameters">shear strength parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20repeatability" title=" test repeatability"> test repeatability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20reproducibility" title=" data reproducibility"> data reproducibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triaxial%20soil%20testing" title=" triaxial soil testing"> triaxial soil testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cement%20improvement%20of%20soils" title=" cement improvement of soils"> cement improvement of soils</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191267/reproducibility-of-shear-strength-parameters-determined-from-cu-triaxial-tests-evaluation-of-results-from-regression-of-different-failure-stress-combinations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191267.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">33</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10170</span> Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Effects of Ball-End Milling Process upon Residual Stresses and Cutting Forces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belkacem%20Chebil%20Sonia">Belkacem Chebil Sonia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bensalem%20Wacef"> Bensalem Wacef</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The majority of ball end milling models includes only the influence of cutting parameters (cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut). Furthermore, this influence is studied in most of works on cutting force. Therefore, this study proposes an accurate ball end milling process modeling which includes also the influence of tool workpiece inclination. In addition, a characterization of residual stresses resulting of thermo mechanical loading in the workpiece was also presented. Moreover, the study of the influence of tool workpiece inclination and cutting parameters was made on residual stresses distribution. In order to achieve the predetermination of cutting forces and residual stresses during a milling operation, a thermo mechanical three-dimensional numerical model of ball end milling was developed. Furthermore, an experimental companion of ball end milling tests was realized on a 5-axis machining center to determine the cutting forces and characterize the residual stresses. The simulation results are compared with the experiment to validate the Finite Element Model and subsequently identify the optimum inclination angle and cutting parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ball%20end%20milling" title="ball end milling">ball end milling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutting%20forces" title=" cutting forces"> cutting forces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutting%20parameters" title=" cutting parameters"> cutting parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stress" title=" residual stress"> residual stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tool-workpiece%20inclination" title=" tool-workpiece inclination"> tool-workpiece inclination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46279/experimental-and-numerical-analysis-of-the-effects-of-ball-end-milling-process-upon-residual-stresses-and-cutting-forces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46279.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10169</span> Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Effects on Micropolar-Newtonian Fluid Flow through a Composite Porous Channel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satya%20Deo">Satya Deo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepak%20Kumar%20Maurya"> Deepak Kumar Maurya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study investigates the ow of a Newtonian fluid sandwiched between two rectangular porous channels filled with micropolar fluid in the presence of a uniform magnetic field applied in a direction perpendicular to that of the fluid motion. The governing equations of micropolar fluid are modified by Nowacki's approach. For respective porous channels, expressions for velocity vectors, microrotations, stresses (shear and couple) are obtained analytically. Continuity of velocities, continuities of micro rotations and continuity of stresses are used at the porous interfaces; conditions of no-slip and no spin are applied at the impervious boundaries of the composite channel. Numerical values of flow rate, wall shear stresses and couple stresses at the porous interfaces are calculated for different values of various parameters. Graphs of the ow rate and fluid velocity are plotted and their behaviors are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=couple%20stress" title="couple stress">couple stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20rate" title=" flow rate"> flow rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hartmann%20number" title=" Hartmann number"> Hartmann number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micropolar%20fluids" title=" micropolar fluids"> micropolar fluids</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130440/magnetohydrodynamic-mhd-effects-on-micropolar-newtonian-fluid-flow-through-a-composite-porous-channel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130440.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">242</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10168</span> Precise Determination of the Residual Stress Gradient in Composite Laminates Using a Configurable Numerical-Experimental Coupling Based on the Incremental Hole Drilling Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20S.%20Ibrahim%20Mamane">A. S. Ibrahim Mamane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Giljean"> S. Giljean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.-J.%20Pac"> M.-J. Pac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20L%E2%80%99Hostis"> G. L’Hostis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fiber reinforced composite laminates are particularly subject to residual stresses due to their heterogeneity and the complex chemical, mechanical and thermal mechanisms that occur during their processing. Residual stresses are now well known to cause damage accumulation, shape instability, and behavior disturbance in composite parts. Many works exist in the literature on techniques for minimizing residual stresses in thermosetting and thermoplastic composites mainly. To study in-depth the influence of processing mechanisms on the formation of residual stresses and to minimize them by establishing a reliable correlation, it is essential to be able to measure very precisely the profile of residual stresses in the composite. Residual stresses are important data to consider when sizing composite parts and predicting their behavior. The incremental hole drilling is very effective in measuring the gradient of residual stresses in composite laminates. This method is semi-destructive and consists of drilling incrementally a hole through the thickness of the material and measuring relaxation strains around the hole for each increment using three strain gauges. These strains are then converted into residual stresses using a matrix of coefficients. These coefficients, called calibration coefficients, depending on the diameter of the hole and the dimensions of the gauges used. The reliability of the incremental hole drilling depends on the accuracy with which the calibration coefficients are determined. These coefficients are calculated using a finite element model. The samples’ features and the experimental conditions must be considered in the simulation. Any mismatch can lead to inadequate calibration coefficients, thus introducing errors on residual stresses. Several calibration coefficient correction methods exist for isotropic material, but there is a lack of information on this subject concerning composite laminates. In this work, a Python program was developed to automatically generate the adequate finite element model. This model allowed us to perform a parametric study to assess the influence of experimental errors on the calibration coefficients. The results highlighted the sensitivity of the calibration coefficients to the considered errors and gave an order of magnitude of the precisions required on the experimental device to have reliable measurements. On the basis of these results, improvements were proposed on the experimental device. Furthermore, a numerical method was proposed to correct the calibration coefficients for different types of materials, including thick composite parts for which the analytical approach is too complex. This method consists of taking into account the experimental errors in the simulation. Accurate measurement of the experimental errors (such as eccentricity of the hole, angular deviation of the gauges from their theoretical position, or errors on increment depth) is therefore necessary. The aim is to determine more precisely the residual stresses and to expand the validity domain of the incremental hole drilling technique. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20reinforced%20composites" title="fiber reinforced composites">fiber reinforced composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20simulation" title=" finite element simulation"> finite element simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incremental%20hole%20drilling%20method" title=" incremental hole drilling method"> incremental hole drilling method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20correction%20of%20the%20calibration%20coefficients" title=" numerical correction of the calibration coefficients"> numerical correction of the calibration coefficients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stresses" title=" residual stresses"> residual stresses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137540/precise-determination-of-the-residual-stress-gradient-in-composite-laminates-using-a-configurable-numerical-experimental-coupling-based-on-the-incremental-hole-drilling-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137540.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10167</span> Performance Evaluation of Composite Beam under Uniform Corrosion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ririt%20Aprilin%20Sumarsono">Ririt Aprilin Sumarsono</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Composite member (concrete and steel) has been widely advanced for structural utilization due to its best performance in resisting load, reducing the total weight of the structure, increasing stiffness, and other available advantages. On the other hand, the environment load such as corrosion (e.g. chloride ingress) creates significant time-dependent degradation for steel. Analysis performed in this paper is mainly considered uniform corrosion for evaluating the composite beam without examining the pit corrosion as the initial corrosion formed. Corrosion level in terms of weight loss is modified in yield stress and modulus elasticity of steel. Those two mechanical properties are utilized in this paper for observing the stresses due to corrosion attacked. As corrosion level increases, the effective width of the composite beam in the concrete section will be wider. The position of a neutral axis of composite section will indicate the composite action due to corrosion of composite beam so that numerous shear connectors provided must be reconsidered. Flexure capacity quantification provides stresses, and shear capacity calculation derives connectors needed in overcoming the shear problem for composite beam under corrosion. A model of simply supported composite beam examined in this paper under uniform corrosion where the stresses as the focus of the evaluation. Principal stress at the first stage of composite construction decline as the corrosion level incline, parallel for the second stage stress analysis where the tension region held by the steel undergoes lower capacity due to corrosion. Total stresses of the composite section for steel to be born significantly decreases particularly in the outermost fiber of tension side. Whereas, the available compression side is smaller as the corrosion level increases so that the stress occurs on the compression side shows reduction as well. As a conclusion, the increment of corrosion level will degrade both compression and tension side of stresses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20beam" title="composite beam">composite beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modulus%20of%20elasticity" title=" modulus of elasticity"> modulus of elasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress%20analysis" title=" stress analysis"> stress analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield%20strength" title=" yield strength"> yield strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uniform%20corrosion" title=" uniform corrosion"> uniform corrosion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74914/performance-evaluation-of-composite-beam-under-uniform-corrosion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74914.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10166</span> Optimal Analysis of Structures by Large Wing Panel Using FEM</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byeong-Sam%20Kim">Byeong-Sam Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyeongwoo%20Park"> Kyeongwoo Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, induced structural optimization is performed to compare the trade-off between wing weight and induced drag for wing panel extensions, construction of wing panel and winglets. The aerostructural optimization problem consists of parameters with strength condition, and two maneuver conditions using residual stresses in panel production. The results of kinematic motion analysis presented a homogenization based theory for 3D beams and 3D shells for wing panel. This theory uses a kinematic description of the beam based on normalized displacement moments. The displacement of the wing is a significant design consideration as large deflections lead to large stresses and increased fatigue of components cause residual stresses. The stresses in the wing panel are small compared to the yield stress of aluminum alloy. This study describes the implementation of a large wing panel, aerostructural analysis and structural parameters optimization framework that couples a three-dimensional panel method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wing%20panel" title="wing panel">wing panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerostructural%20optimization" title=" aerostructural optimization"> aerostructural optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM" title=" FEM"> FEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20analysis" title=" structural analysis"> structural analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10361/optimal-analysis-of-structures-by-large-wing-panel-using-fem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10361.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">591</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10165</span> Health Percentage Evaluation for Satellite Electrical Power System Based on Linear Stresses Accumulation Damage Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lin%20Wenli">Lin Wenli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fu%20Linchun"> Fu Linchun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhang%20Yi"> Zhang Yi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wu%20Ming"> Wu Ming</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To meet the demands of long-life and high-intelligence for satellites, the electrical power system should be provided with self-health condition evaluation capability. Any over-stress events in operations should be recorded. Based on Linear stresses accumulation damage theory, accumulative damage analysis was performed on thermal-mechanical-electrical united stresses for three components including the solar array, the batteries and the power conditioning unit. Then an overall health percentage evaluation model for satellite electrical power system was built. To obtain the accurate quantity for system health percentage, an automatic feedback closed-loop correction method for all coefficients in the evaluation model was present. The evaluation outputs could be referred as taking earlier fault-forecast and interventions for Ground Control Center or Satellites self. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satellite%20electrical%20power%20system" title="satellite electrical power system">satellite electrical power system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20percentage" title=" health percentage"> health percentage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20stresses%20accumulation%20damage" title=" linear stresses accumulation damage"> linear stresses accumulation damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation%20model" title=" evaluation model"> evaluation model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41050/health-percentage-evaluation-for-satellite-electrical-power-system-based-on-linear-stresses-accumulation-damage-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41050.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">412</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10164</span> Inherent Relation Between Atomic-Level Stresses and Nanoscale Spatial Heterogeneity in a Rejuvenated Bulk Metallic Glass</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Samavatian">Majid Samavatian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Gholamipour"> Reza Gholamipour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vahid%20Samavatian"> Vahid Samavatian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study addresses the role of rejuvenation on the fluctuation of atomic-level stresses and nanoscale topological heterogeneity in ZrCuNiAl bulk metallic glass (BMG). Based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) results, the rejuvenation process leads to an increase in nanoscale spatial heterogeneity manifested by the intensification of the local viscoelastic response of the BMG nanostructure. It means that the rejuvenation process induces more loose-packing structures which behave towards an external load in a viscoelastic way. Hence, it is suggested that the alteration of such heterogeneity may be attributed to the variation of positional atomic rearrangement during the evolution of structural rejuvenation. On the other side, the synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate that the rejuvenation intensifies the variation of internal stresses at the atomic level. This conclusion unfolds that the increase of atomic-level stresses during rejuvenation induces structural disordering and nanoscale heterogeneity in the amorphous material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bulk%20metallic%20glass" title="bulk metallic glass">bulk metallic glass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterogeneity" title=" heterogeneity"> heterogeneity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rejuvenation" title=" rejuvenation"> rejuvenation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanostructure" title=" nanostructure"> nanostructure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121311/inherent-relation-between-atomic-level-stresses-and-nanoscale-spatial-heterogeneity-in-a-rejuvenated-bulk-metallic-glass" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10163</span> Analysis of Secondary Stage Creep in Thick-Walled Composite Cylinders Subjected to Rotary Inertia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tejeet%20Singh">Tejeet Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Virat%20Khanna"> Virat Khanna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Composite materials have drawn considerable attention of engineers due to their light weight and application at high thermo-mechanical loads. With regard to the prediction of the life of high temperature structural components like rotating cylinders and the evaluation of their deterioration with time, it is essential to have a full knowledge of creep characteristics of these materials. Therefore, in the present study the secondary stage creep stresses and strain rates are estimated in thick-walled composite cylinders subjected to rotary inertia at different angular speeds. The composite cylinder is composed of aluminum matrix (Al) and reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC) particles which are uniformly mixed. The creep response of the material of the cylinder is described by threshold stress based creep law. The study indicates that with the increase in angular speed, the radial, tangential, axial and effective stress increases to a significant value. However, the radial stress remains zero at inner radius and outer radius due to imposed boundary conditions of zero pressure. Further, the stresses are tensile in nature throughout the entire radius of composite cylinder. The strain rates are also influenced in the same manner as that of creep stresses. The creep rates will increase significantly with the increase of centrifugal force on account of rotation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite" title="composite">composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creep" title=" creep"> creep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotating%20cylinder" title=" rotating cylinder"> rotating cylinder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angular%20speed" title=" angular speed"> angular speed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11737/analysis-of-secondary-stage-creep-in-thick-walled-composite-cylinders-subjected-to-rotary-inertia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11737.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10162</span> Steady State Creep Behavior of Functionally Graded Thick Cylinder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tejeet%20Singh">Tejeet Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harmanjit%20Singh"> Harmanjit Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Creep behavior of thick-walled functionally graded cylinder consisting of AlSiC and subjected to internal pressure and high temperature has been analyzed. The functional relationship between strain rate with stress can be described by the well-known threshold stress based creep law with a stress exponent of five. The effect of imposing non-linear particle gradient on the distribution of creep stresses in the thick-walled functionally graded composite cylinder has been investigated. The study revealed that for the assumed non-linear particle distribution, the radial stress decreases throughout the cylinder, whereas the tangential, axial and effective stresses have averaging effect. The strain rates in the functionally graded composite cylinder could be reduced to significant extent by employing non-linear gradient in the distribution of reinforcement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functionally%20graded%20material" title="functionally graded material">functionally graded material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure" title=" pressure"> pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steady%20state%20creep" title=" steady state creep"> steady state creep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thick-cylinder" title=" thick-cylinder"> thick-cylinder</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3831/steady-state-creep-behavior-of-functionally-graded-thick-cylinder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3831.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">477</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10161</span> Cloning and Functional Analysis of NtPIN1a Promoter Under Various Abiotic Stresses in Nicotiana Tabacum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zia%20Ullah">Zia Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Asim"> Muhammad Asim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shi%20Sujuan"> Shi Sujuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rayyan%20Khan"> Rayyan Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aaqib%20Shaheen"> Aaqib Shaheen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LIU%20Haobao"> LIU Haobao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The plant-specific auxin efflux proteins PIN-FORMED (PIN) have been well depicted in many plant species for their essential roles in regulating the transport of auxins in several phases of plant growth. Little is known about the various functions of the PIN family genes in the Nicotiana tabacum (N. tabacum) species during plant growth. To define the expression pattern of the NtPIN1a gene under abiotic stresses and hormone treatment, transgenic tobacco with promoterNtPIN1a::GUS construct was employed. Comprehensive computational analyses of the NtPIN1a promoter confirmed the existence of common core promoter elements including CAAT-box, TATA-box, hormone, and abiotic stress-responsive elements such as ABRE, P-box, MYC, MYB, ARE, and GC-motifs. The transgenic plants with the promoter of NtPIN1a displayed a promising expression of β-glucuronidase (GUS) in germinating seeds, root tips, shoot-apex, and developing leaves under optimal conditions. While the differential expression of GUS in moderate salt, drought, low potassium stresses, and externally high auxin level at two different time points, suggested NtPIN1a played a key role in growth processes and the plants’ response to abiotic stresses. This analysis provides a foundation for more in-depth discoveries of the biological functions of NtPIN1a in Nicotiana species and this promoter may be employed in genetic engineering of other crops for enhanced stress tolerance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tobacco" title="tobacco">tobacco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nicotiana%20tabacum" title=" nicotiana tabacum"> nicotiana tabacum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pin" title=" pin"> pin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=promoter" title=" promoter"> promoter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GUS" title=" GUS"> GUS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abiotic%20stresses" title=" abiotic stresses"> abiotic stresses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auxin" title=" auxin"> auxin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156941/cloning-and-functional-analysis-of-ntpin1a-promoter-under-various-abiotic-stresses-in-nicotiana-tabacum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">96</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10160</span> Response of Concrete Panels Subjected to Compression-Tension State of Stresses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20F.%20Almograbi">Mohammed F. Almograbi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For reinforced concrete panels the risk of failure due to compression -tension state of stresses, results from pure shear or torsion, can be a major problem. The present calculation methods for such stresses from multiple influences are without taking into account the softening of cracked concrete remains conservative. The non-linear finite element method has become an important and increasingly used tool for the analysis and assessment of the structures by including cracking softening and tension-stiffening. The aim of this paper is to test a computer program refined recently and to simulate the compression response of cracked concrete element and to compare with the available experimental results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete%20panels" title="reinforced concrete panels">reinforced concrete panels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression-tension" title=" compression-tension"> compression-tension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear" title=" shear"> shear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=torsion" title=" torsion"> torsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression%20softening" title=" compression softening"> compression softening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tension%20stiffening" title=" tension stiffening"> tension stiffening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20finite%20element%20analysis" title=" non-linear finite element analysis"> non-linear finite element analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5311/response-of-concrete-panels-subjected-to-compression-tension-state-of-stresses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10159</span> Compressive Stresses near Crack Tip Induced by Thermo-Electric Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Jin-Chee%20Liu">Thomas Jin-Chee Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the thermo-electro-structural coupled-field in a cracked metal plate is studied using the finite element analysis. From the computational results, the compressive stresses reveal near the crack tip. This conclusion agrees with the past reference. Furthermore, the compressive condition can retard and stop the crack growth during the Joule heating process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20stress" title="compressive stress">compressive stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack%20tip" title=" crack tip"> crack tip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joule%20heating" title=" Joule heating"> Joule heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element" title=" finite element"> finite element</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10730/compressive-stresses-near-crack-tip-induced-by-thermo-electric-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10730.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10158</span> On a Determination of Residual Stresses and Wear Resistance of Thermally Sprayed Stainless Steel Coating </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merzak%20Laribi">Merzak Laribi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelmadjid%20Kasser"> Abdelmadjid Kasser</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal spraying processes are widely used to produce coatings on original constructions as well as in repair and maintenance of long standing structures. A lot of efforts forwarding to develop thermal spray coatings technology have been focused on improving mechanical characteristics, minimizing residual stress level and reducing porosity of the coatings. The specific aim of this paper is to determine either residual stresses distribution or wear resistance of stainless steel coating thermally sprayed on a carbon steel substrate. Internal stresses determination was performed using an extensometric method in combination with a simultaneous progressive electrolytic polishing. The procedure consists of measuring micro-deformations using a bi-directional extensometric gauges glued on the substrate side of the materials. Very thin layers of the deposits are removed by electrochemical polishing across the sample surface. Micro-deformations are instantaneously measured, leading to residual stresses calculation after each removal. Wear resistance of the coating has been determined using a ball-on-plate tribometer. Friction coefficient is instantaneously measured during the tribological test. Attention was particularly focused on the influence of a post-annealing at 850 °C for one hour in vacuum either on the residual stresses distribution or on the wear resistance behavior under specific wear and lubrication conditions. The obtained results showed that the microstructure of the obtained arc sprayed stainless steel coating is classical. It is homogeneous and contains un-melted particles, metallic oxides and also pores and micro-cracks. The internal stresses are in compression in the coating. They are more or less scattered between -50 and -270 MPa on the surface and decreased more at the interface. The value at the surface of the substrate is about –700 MPa, partially due to the molten particles impact with the substrate. The post annealing has reduced the residual stresses in both coating and surface of the steel substrate so that the hole material becomes more relaxed. Friction coefficient has an average value of 0.3 and 0.4 respectively for non annealed and annealed specimen. It is rather oil lubrication which is really benefit so that friction coefficient is decreased to about 0.06. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stresses" title="residual stresses">residual stresses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear%20resistance" title=" wear resistance"> wear resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stainless%20steel" title=" stainless steel"> stainless steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coating" title=" coating"> coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20spraying" title=" thermal spraying"> thermal spraying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annealing" title=" annealing"> annealing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lubrication" title=" lubrication"> lubrication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124899/on-a-determination-of-residual-stresses-and-wear-resistance-of-thermally-sprayed-stainless-steel-coating" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124899.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10157</span> Rock-Bed Thermocline Storage: A Numerical Analysis of Granular Bed Behavior and Interaction with Storage Tank</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nahia%20H.%20Sassine">Nahia H. Sassine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric-Victor%20Donz%C3%A9"> Frédéric-Victor Donzé</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arnaud%20Bruch"> Arnaud Bruch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barth%C3%A9lemy%20Harthong"> Barthélemy Harthong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal Energy Storage (TES) systems are central elements of various types of power plants operated using renewable energy sources. Packed bed TES can be considered as a cost–effective solution in concentrated solar power plants (CSP). Such a device is made up of a tank filled with a granular bed through which heat-transfer fluid circulates. However, in such devices, the tank might be subjected to catastrophic failure induced by a mechanical phenomenon known as thermal ratcheting. Thermal stresses are accumulated during cycles of loading and unloading until the failure happens. For instance, when rocks are used as storage material, the tank wall expands more than the solid medium during charge process, a gap is created between the rocks and tank walls and the filler material settles down to fill it. During discharge, the tank contracts against the bed, resulting in thermal stresses that may exceed the wall tank yield stress and generate plastic deformation. This phenomenon is repeated over the cycles and the tank will be slowly ratcheted outward until it fails. This paper aims at studying the evolution of tank wall stresses over granular bed thermal cycles, taking into account both thermal and mechanical loads, with a numerical model based on the discrete element method (DEM). Simulations were performed to study two different thermal configurations: (i) the tank is heated homogeneously along its height or (ii) with a vertical gradient of temperature. Then, the resulting loading stresses applied on the tank are compared as well the response of the internal granular material. Besides the study of the influence of different thermal configurations on the storage tank response, other parameters are varied, such as the internal angle of friction of the granular material, the dispersion of particles diameters as well as the tank’s dimensions. Then, their influences on the kinematics of the granular bed submitted to thermal cycles are highlighted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method%20%28DEM%29" title="discrete element method (DEM)">discrete element method (DEM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20cycles" title=" thermal cycles"> thermal cycles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20energy%20storage" title=" thermal energy storage"> thermal energy storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermocline" title=" thermocline"> thermocline</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58772/rock-bed-thermocline-storage-a-numerical-analysis-of-granular-bed-behavior-and-interaction-with-storage-tank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58772.pdf" target="_blank" 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