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class="assistive-text" href="#content" title="跳到主內容">跳到主內容</a></div> <div class="skip-link"><a class="assistive-text" href="#secondary" title="跳到第二內容">跳到第二內容</a></div> </nav> </header> <div id="main"> <div id="primary"> <div id="content" role="main"> <article id="post-1976" class="post-1976 page type-page status-publish hentry"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title">自行編寫查詢</h1> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <p>您可以直接在「進階搜尋」頁面上的進階布林查詢方塊中輸入查詢，以建立自訂搜尋查詢。例如，您可以輸入…</p> <p><em>Anywhere:(canadian immigration) -Title:(census) language:(eng) format:(BK)</em></p> <p>?以尋找與加拿大移民相關但標題不含 <em>census</em> 一詞的英文書籍。</p> <p>以下資訊可協助您建立查詢。</p> <p><strong>欄位</strong></p> <p>進階搜尋可讓您指定目錄中的欄位，以表明您所尋找的資訊種類。常用欄位清單如下，每個欄位各有一個雙字母代碼；您可以使用欄位名稱或代碼指定該欄位。</p> <table border="1" frame="hsides" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1"> <thead> <tr> <td><b>欄位名稱</b></td> <td width="100"><b>欄位代碼</b></td> <td><b>範例</b></td> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Agerating</td> <td align="center">ag</td> <td>ag:14A</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Anywhere</td> <td align="center">an</td> <td>leprechaun or an:leprechaun</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Artist</td> <td align="center">ar</td> <td>ar:beatles</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Audience</td> <td align="center">ad</td> <td>ad:juvenile</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Author</td> <td align="center">au</td> <td>au:enright</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Available</td> <td align="center">av</td> <td>av:Main</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Award</td> <td align="center">aw</td> <td>aw:giller</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Branch</td> <td align="center">br</td> <td>br:Main</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Call Number</td> <td align="center">ca</td> <td>ca:”J 637.4 GRE”</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Contents</td> <td align="center">cn</td> <td>cn:(Hey Jude)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ContentType</td> <td align="center">cc</td> <td>cc:Fiction</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Contributor</td> <td align="center">co</td> <td>co:shepard</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Edition</td> <td align="center">ed</td> <td>ed:(special education edition)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Format</td> <td align="center">fo</td> <td>fo:dvd</td> </tr> <tr> <td>GeneralNote</td> <td align="center">gn</td> <td>gn:(includes index)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Genre</td> <td align="center">ge</td> <td>ge:biography</td> </tr> <tr> <td>GenreHeading</td> <td align="center">gh</td> <td>gh:memoire</td> </tr> <tr> <td>GenreTag</td> <td align="center">gt</td> <td>gt:synthpop</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Identifier</td> <td align="center">id</td> <td>id:972.81016Sch</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Language</td> <td align="center">la</td> <td>la:fre</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Lexile</td> <td align="center">lx</td> <td>lx:[200 TO 300]</td> </tr> <tr> <td>LocalHeading</td> <td align="center">lh</td> <td>lh:local author</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Localid</td> <td align="center">li</td> <td>li:436899</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Mood</td> <td align="center">mo</td> <td>mo:dark</td> </tr> <tr> <td>New</td> <td align="center">nw</td> <td>nw:[0 TO 30]</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Notes</td> <td align="center">no</td> <td>no:(live recording)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>OnOrder</td> <td align="center">oo</td> <td>oo:(true)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Period</td> <td align="center">pe</td> <td>pe:[794 TO 1185]</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Publisher</td> <td align="center">pu</td> <td>pu:groundwood</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Pubyear</td> <td align="center">py</td> <td>py:[1918 TO 1939]</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Region</td> <td align="center">re</td> <td>re:babylon</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Series</td> <td align="center">se</td> <td>se:(bartimaeus trilogy)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Starrating</td> <td align="center">sr</td> <td>sr:5 or sr:[4 TO 5]</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Subject</td> <td align="center">su</td> <td>su:samarkand</td> </tr> <tr> <td>SubjectHeading</td> <td align="center">sh</td> <td>sh:revolutions</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Summary</td> <td align="center">sm</td> <td>sm:shylock</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Tag</td> <td align="center">tg</td> <td>tg:(slow food)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Theme</td> <td align="center">th</td> <td>th:energy</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Title</td> <td align="center">ti</td> <td>ti:macbeth</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Topic</td> <td align="center">tp</td> <td>tp:volcanoes</td> </tr> <tr> <td>TopicTheme</td> <td align="center">tt</td> <td>tt:geothermal</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>若要建立搜尋，請指定欄位，然後加上分號「:」，再加上字詞或值。例如：</p> <p><em>series:eye</em></p> <p>這樣可以找到系列作品中標題含「eye」一詞的任何作品。</p> <p>如果不指定欄位，搜尋引擎會在所有位置尋找該字詞，並且搜尋所有欄位。以下查詢會在連續欄位中尋找「eye」，並且在所有位置尋找「witness」一詞：</p> <p><em>series:eye witness</em></p> <p>使用圓括號可在指定欄位中尋找一個以上的字詞：</p> <p><em>series:(eye witness)</em></p> <p><strong>布林運算子</strong></p> <p>使用布林運算子 AND、OR 和 NOT 可結合搜尋字詞。</p> <p>布林運算子必須全部使用大寫。不過，欄位指定名稱和字詞或值不分大小寫。</p> <p><strong>AND / OR</strong></p> <p>AND 是指定一個以上欄位時的預設運算子。在 AND 運算中，只會傳回符合所有欄位限制式的作品。</p> <p>使用 OR 可尋找符合其中一個 (但不一定符合所有) 欄位限制式的所有作品。</p> <p>使用圓括號可將子句群組成單一欄位，或是將 OR 子句群組在一起。例如，若要搜尋標題包含「Poppins」的作品，不分 DVD 或錄影帶格式，請使用以下查詢：</p> <p><em>title:poppins format:(dvd OR vc)</em></p> <p><strong>NOT</strong></p> <p>NOT 運算子會排除包含 NOT 後面之字詞的作品。可以使用「-」符號取代 NOT，但後面<em>不可</em>加上空格。若要搜尋 <em>potter</em> 所描述的作品，但與 <em>harry</em> 無關，請使用以下任一查詢：</p> <p><em>Potter NOT Harry</em><br /> <em>Potter -Harry</em></p> <p>使用 NOT 運算子時不可只搭配一個字詞。例如，以下搜尋不會傳回任何結果：</p> <p><em>NOT Harry</em></p> <p><strong>萬用字元搜尋</strong></p> <p>萬用字元搜尋會使用 * 這個特殊字元建立相符結果，可以使用零或更多字元取代此特殊字元。例如，若要搜尋 judicial、judiciary 或 judicious，可以使用以下搜尋：</p> <p><em>judici*</em></p> <p> </p> <p>搜尋的第一個字元不可以是 * 符號。</p> <p>萬用字元的另外一項用途就是使用索書號碼尋找一組書刊。例如，ca:330* 或 callnumber:330* (如果索書號碼不含空格)，或者是 ca:”J 636.7*” (如果索書號碼包含空格，必須加上引號)。您可以使用星號 ( * ) 代表多個字元，也可以使用問號 ( ?) 代表單一字元萬用字元。</p> <p>您也可以搜尋某個範圍的字詞，例如：ca:[“PRE” TO “PRO”]。</p> <p><strong>範圍查詢</strong></p> <p>範圍查詢可用於比對欄位值介於範圍查詢指定之上下界限之間的文件。</p> <p><em>pubyear:[1960 TO 1999]</em></p> <p>此查詢可以找到在 1960 年到 1999 年之間 (含 1960 年和 1999 年) 出版的作品。</p> <p><em>sr:[4 TO 5]</em></p> <p>此查詢可以找到平均星級評等介於 4 和 5 之間的書刊。</p> <p>範圍查詢可以包含上下界限，也可以不包含。包含範圍查詢以方括號表示。排除範圍查詢則以大括號表示。</p> <p><strong>逸出字元</strong></p> <p>進階搜尋支援屬於查詢語法的逸出特別字元。目前列出的特殊字元包括</p> <p>+ – && || ! 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