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This work shows that, initially, the PRCA governments took advantage of the economic bargaining capacity that Cuba had developed with Washington during the Good Neighbor era, but after 1947 this declined as the Truman administration\u0026#39;s Cold War foreign policy agenda assigned only a marginal position to Latin America and Cuba. Havana\u0026#39;s inability to obtain further economic support from the United States had a powerful destabilising effect, complicating Cuba\u0026#39;s economic governance and delegitimising the PRCA politically. The study of this episode enhances our comprehension of a period largely overlooked by the historiography on Cuba and our understanding of the demise of the Auténtico project, the last attempt to transform Cuba\u0026#39;s social structures in a progressive and democratic manner.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Vanni Pettinà","url":"https://colmex.academia.edu/VanniPettin%C3%A0"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2014-09-07","dateModified":"2014-09-07","headline":"A Preponderance of Politics: The Auténtico Governments and US–Cuban Economic Relations, 1945–1951","image":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/35232329/thumbnails/1.jpg","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Latin American Studies","Latin American and Caribbean History","Contemporary History","Cuban Studies","International History","Cold War","History of International Relations","Cuban History","US Foreign 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[{"id":35232329,"identifier":"Attachment_35232329","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":8232070,"created_at":"2014-09-07T13:56:28.519-07:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2022-06-27T01:52:51.532-07:00","_data":{"abstract":"This article analyses the bilateral economic negotiations between Washington and Havana during the era of the Cuban PRCA (Auténtico) governments led by Ramón Grau San Martín and Carlos Prío Socarrás (1944–52). This work shows that, initially, the PRCA governments took advantage of the economic bargaining capacity that Cuba had developed with Washington during the Good Neighbor era, but after 1947 this declined as the Truman administration's Cold War foreign policy agenda assigned only a marginal position to Latin America and Cuba. Havana's inability to obtain further economic support from the United States had a powerful destabilising effect, complicating Cuba's economic governance and delegitimising the PRCA politically. The study of this episode enhances our comprehension of a period largely overlooked by the historiography on Cuba and our understanding of the demise of the Auténtico project, the last attempt to transform Cuba's social structures in a progressive and democratic manner."},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"A Preponderance of Politics: The Auténtico Governments and US–Cuban Economic Relations, 1945–1951","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [7305175]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":35232329,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “A Preponderance of Politics: The Auténtico Governments and US–Cuban Economic Relations, 1945–1951”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/35232329/mini_magick20190316-27917-1rgwsdo.png?1552781409" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">A Preponderance of Politics: The Auténtico Governments and US–Cuban Economic Relations, 1945–1951</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7305175" href="https://colmex.academia.edu/VanniPettin%C3%A0"><img alt="Profile image of Vanni Pettinà" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/7305175/2705475/3158935/s65_vanni.pettin_.jpeg" />Vanni Pettinà</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">32 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 8232070; 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if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">This article analyses the bilateral economic negotiations between Washington and Havana during the era of the Cuban PRCA (Auténtico) governments led by Ramón Grau San Martín and Carlos Prío Socarrás (1944–52). This work shows that, initially, the PRCA governments took advantage of the economic bargaining capacity that Cuba had developed with Washington during the Good Neighbor era, but after 1947 this declined as the Truman administration's Cold War foreign policy agenda assigned only a marginal position to Latin America and Cuba. Havana's inability to obtain further economic support from the United States had a powerful destabilising effect, complicating Cuba's economic governance and delegitimising the PRCA politically. The study of this episode enhances our comprehension of a period largely overlooked by the historiography on Cuba and our understanding of the demise of the Auténtico project, the last attempt to transform Cuba's social structures in a progressive and democratic manner.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":35232329,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/8232070/A_Preponderance_of_Politics_The_Aut%C3%A9ntico_Governments_and_US_Cuban_Economic_Relations_1945_1951"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":35232329,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/8232070/A_Preponderance_of_Politics_The_Aut%C3%A9ntico_Governments_and_US_Cuban_Economic_Relations_1945_1951"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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Lorini, D. Basosi (eds.), Cuba in the World, The World in Cuba. Essays in Cuban History, Politics, and Culture, Firenze, Firenze University Press, 2009</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The article deals with Cuban foreign policy during the 1980s, and in particular with Fidel Castro's campaign against Latin American foreign debts. It shows how that campaing allowed Cuba to pull out of isolation even when Latin America seemed closest to the "Washington consensus".</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"“In the Shadow of the Washington Consensus: Cuba's Rapprochement with Latin America in a World Going Unipolar, 1985-1996”","attachmentId":30231530,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/481061/_In_the_Shadow_of_the_Washington_Consensus_Cubas_Rapprochement_with_Latin_America_in_a_World_Going_Unipolar_1985_1996_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/481061/_In_the_Shadow_of_the_Washington_Consensus_Cubas_Rapprochement_with_Latin_America_in_a_World_Going_Unipolar_1985_1996_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="75210410" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75210410/A_Century_of_Conflicts_between_Cuba_and_the_United_States">A Century of Conflicts between Cuba and the United States</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1052752" href="https://u-szeged.academia.edu/Andr%C3%A1sL%C3%A9n%C3%A1rt">András Lénárt</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">published in: Pablo A. Baisotti (ed.): A New Struggle for Independence in Modern Latin America. Abingdon – New York, Routledge, 2022. pp. 236-256. A book chapter on the history of the relations between Cuba and the United States of America (full chapter not available online due to copyright reasons). Un capítulo de libro sobre la historia de las relaciones entre Cuba y los Estados Unidos (capítulo entero no disponible online debido a los derechos de copyright de la editorial). 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Lane-Kuzniar</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Cuba: History and Implications for US Foreign Policy 2012","attachmentId":30390544,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2349679/Cuba_History_and_Implications_for_US_Foreign_Policy_2012","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2349679/Cuba_History_and_Implications_for_US_Foreign_Policy_2012"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="82879088" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/82879088/The_Long_Itinerary_to_Normalization_The_Cuban_Latin_American_Relations">The Long Itinerary to Normalization: The Cuban – Latin American Relations</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="53026943" href="https://uu.academia.edu/DirkKruijt">Dirk Kruijt</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">IdeAs, 2017</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Long Itinerary to Normalization: The Cuban – Latin American Relations","attachmentId":88434935,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/82879088/The_Long_Itinerary_to_Normalization_The_Cuban_Latin_American_Relations","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/82879088/The_Long_Itinerary_to_Normalization_The_Cuban_Latin_American_Relations"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="35276915" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35276915/Cuban_Revolutionary_Diplomacy_1959_2017_1">Cuban Revolutionary Diplomacy 1959-2017 1</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4616545" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CarlosAlzugaray">Carlos Alzugaray</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Between 1959 and 2017 Cuba carried out an anti-hegemonic foreign policy that used most of the tools of international relations theory. The paper suggests a periodisation and underlines the main tenets of Cuban foreign policy. It also underlines the role played by Fidel Castro in designing and implement this foreign policy</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Cuban Revolutionary Diplomacy 1959-2017 1","attachmentId":55137395,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35276915/Cuban_Revolutionary_Diplomacy_1959_2017_1","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35276915/Cuban_Revolutionary_Diplomacy_1959_2017_1"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="70669627" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70669627/Cuba_and_the_Latin_American_Left_1959_present">Cuba and the Latin American Left: 1959 – present</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="53026943" href="https://uu.academia.edu/DirkKruijt">Dirk Kruijt</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2017</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This article is an analysis of the emergence and evolution of Cuba’s formal and informal networks and foreign policy instruments to support and influence the guerrilla movements in Latin America and the Caribbean. In the first section I sketch the function and significance of the ‘Departamento America’, the liaison apparatus with the Latin American and Caribbean insurgency between the 1960s and 1975; afterwards it (also) represented ‘the Party’ in Cuba’s diplomacy. I make a distinction between the 1960s (the decade of revolutionary fervour) and the 1970s-80s (when Cuba ruptured its diplomatic isolation imposed by the United States and tried to unify insurgent movements in umbrella organisations). After the implosion of the Soviet system a third ‘Special Period’ began, of austerity and drastic changes in its foreign policy. It continued in the twenty-first century, based on soft power and peace facilitating.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Cuba and the Latin American Left: 1959 – present","attachmentId":80323705,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70669627/Cuba_and_the_Latin_American_Left_1959_present","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/70669627/Cuba_and_the_Latin_American_Left_1959_present"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="2817942" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2817942/The_US_Cuba_System_and_the_Key_Mechanisms_of_Regime_Change_After_Castro">The US-Cuba System and the Key Mechanisms of Regime Change After Castro</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38764" href="https://trentu.academia.edu/AndreasPickel">Andreas Pickel</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The proximity of the United States of America is surely perceived as a threat by many Cubans. The regime's propaganda is very active in this respect. Yet there is no need to worry much about such a world power–provided it remains democratic. One has to be apprehensive primarily about totalitarian states. Vaclav Havel, in an exchange of letters with Cuban dissident, Oswaldo Paya 1</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The US-Cuba System and the Key Mechanisms of Regime Change After Castro","attachmentId":30769700,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2817942/The_US_Cuba_System_and_the_Key_Mechanisms_of_Regime_Change_After_Castro","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2817942/The_US_Cuba_System_and_the_Key_Mechanisms_of_Regime_Change_After_Castro"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="77388481" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77388481/Redefining_Cuban_Foreign_Policy_The_Impact_of_the_Special_Period_Edited_by_H_Michael_Erisman_with_John_M_Kirk">Redefining Cuban Foreign Policy: The Impact of the ‘Special Period’ - Edited by H. Michael Erisman with John M. Kirk</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="59568116" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JonathanCurry">Jonathan Curry-Machado</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Bulletin of Latin American Research, 2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Redefining Cuban Foreign Policy: The Impact of the ‘Special Period’ - Edited by H. Michael Erisman with John M. Kirk","attachmentId":84768753,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77388481/Redefining_Cuban_Foreign_Policy_The_Impact_of_the_Special_Period_Edited_by_H_Michael_Erisman_with_John_M_Kirk","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/77388481/Redefining_Cuban_Foreign_Policy_The_Impact_of_the_Special_Period_Edited_by_H_Michael_Erisman_with_John_M_Kirk"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="30997999" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30997999/Cuba_and_Latin_American_and_the_Caribbean_The_challenges_of_a_new_relationship_in_a_changing_international_environment">Cuba and Latin American and the Caribbean: The challenges of a new relationship in a changing international environment</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="732632" href="https://cries.academia.edu/Andr%C3%A9sSerbin">Andrés Serbin</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This chapter addresses a series of questions: since Raúl Castro succession of his brother as the head of the Cuban government in 2008, was or is Latin America relevant for Cuba and vice-versa? Particularly important in this regard is the issue related to Cuba´s links with the new wave of regionalism in Latin America at the beginning of the century and, vice-versa, the influence of this regionalism on recent Cuban political and economic evolution. In this regard, our main argument is that the development of the so-called post-liberal or posthegemonic regionalism within a propitious context of an economic international environment and a significant shift in LAC politics with the electoral accession to power of center-left, left-wing and populist movements and parties were intertwined and created the conditions for the establishment of a new pattern of relationships between Latin American countries and Cuba, moving from the initially Cuban Communist Party strong involvement in "exporting the Revolution" to a more cooperative role of the Cuban governmenteventually as a facilitator and an "honest broker" in conflict situations in the region 1 and a provider of professional services. This new pattern helped to reinstate Cuba not only as a full member of the LAC and hemispheric community but also to develop a new relationship with the United States.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Cuba and Latin American and the Caribbean: The challenges of a new relationship in a changing international environment","attachmentId":51430855,"attachmentType":"docx","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/30997999/Cuba_and_Latin_American_and_the_Caribbean_The_challenges_of_a_new_relationship_in_a_changing_international_environment","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/30997999/Cuba_and_Latin_American_and_the_Caribbean_The_challenges_of_a_new_relationship_in_a_changing_international_environment"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="64651450" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64651450/Cuba_Today_50_years_On">Cuba Today: 50 years On</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2327610" href="https://monash.academia.edu/CarlosUx%C3%B3">Carlos Uxó</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Iberian and Latin American Research, 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Cuba Today: 50 years On","attachmentId":80067910,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/64651450/Cuba_Today_50_years_On","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/64651450/Cuba_Today_50_years_On"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":35232329,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":35232329,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_35232329" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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Thomas C. Field, Jr., Stella Krepp, and Vanni Pettina, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Negotiating Non-Alignment: Cuba, the USSR, and the Non-Aligned Movement","attachmentId":63091613,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/42854209/Negotiating_Non_Alignment_Cuba_the_USSR_and_the_Non_Aligned_Movement","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/42854209/Negotiating_Non_Alignment_Cuba_the_USSR_and_the_Non_Aligned_Movement"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="69533536" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69533536/A_Perfect_Impasse_Cubas_Move_Towards_the_Market_and_the_United_States_Move_Towards_Cuba">A Perfect Impasse? 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