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Kejuruteraan tenaga - Wikipedia Bahasa Melayu, ensiklopedia bebas

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Tersedia dalam 16 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A9" title="هندسة الطاقة – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هندسة الطاقة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teknik_energi" title="Teknik energi – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Teknik energi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energie-Ingenieurwesen" title="Energie-Ingenieurwesen – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Energie-Ingenieurwesen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_engineering" title="Energy engineering – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Energy engineering" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingenier%C3%ADa_energ%C3%A9tica" title="Ingeniería energética – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ingeniería energética" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B1%DA%98%DB%8C" title="مهندسی انرژی – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مهندسی انرژی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9nie_%C3%A9nerg%C3%A9tique" title="Génie énergétique – Perancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Génie énergétique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Perancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80%EA%B3%B5%ED%95%99" title="에너지공학 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에너지공학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingegneria_energetica" title="Ingegneria energetica – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ingegneria energetica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%8D%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AE%E3%83%BC%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%A6" title="エネルギー工学 – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エネルギー工学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/In%C5%BCynieria_energetyczna" title="Inżynieria energetyczna – Poland" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Inżynieria energetyczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engenharia_de_energia" title="Engenharia de energia – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Engenharia de energia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inginerie_energetic%C4%83" title="Inginerie energetică – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Inginerie energetică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enerji_sistemleri_m%C3%BChendisli%C4%9Fi" title="Enerji sistemleri mühendisliği – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Enerji sistemleri mühendisliği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="能源工程 – Kantonis" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="能源工程" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="能源工程 – Cina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="能源工程" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3353193#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pautan antara bahasa" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pautan</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kejuruteraan_tenaga" title="Lihat laman kandungan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Rencana</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perbincangan:Kejuruteraan_tenaga&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Perbincangan mengenai laman kandungan (laman tidak wujud) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tukar kelainan bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Melayu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Rupa"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kejuruteraan_tenaga"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kejuruteraan_tenaga&amp;veaction=edit" title="Sunting laman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kejuruteraan_tenaga&amp;action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kejuruteraan_tenaga&amp;action=history" title="Semakan terdahulu bagi laman ini [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Peralatan" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Peralatan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Peralatan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Lagi pilihan" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kejuruteraan_tenaga"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kejuruteraan_tenaga&amp;veaction=edit" title="Sunting laman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kejuruteraan_tenaga&amp;action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kejuruteraan_tenaga&amp;action=history"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Pautan_ke_sini/Kejuruteraan_tenaga" title="Senarai semua laman wiki yang mengandungi pautan ke laman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pautan ke laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perubahan_berkaitan/Kejuruteraan_tenaga" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terkini bagi laman yang dipaut dari laman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan berkaitan</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ms" title="Muat naik fail [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Muat naik fail</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Laman_khas" title="Senarai semua laman khas [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Laman khas</span></a></li><li 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id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Font_Romeu_France.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A concentrated solar power system" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Font_Romeu_France.jpg/220px-Font_Romeu_France.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Font_Romeu_France.jpg/330px-Font_Romeu_France.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Font_Romeu_France.jpg/440px-Font_Romeu_France.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2541" data-file-height="993" /></a><figcaption>Sistem tenaga suria tertumpu</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Nellis_AFB_Solar_panels.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Solar panels" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Nellis_AFB_Solar_panels.jpg/220px-Nellis_AFB_Solar_panels.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Nellis_AFB_Solar_panels.jpg/330px-Nellis_AFB_Solar_panels.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Nellis_AFB_Solar_panels.jpg/440px-Nellis_AFB_Solar_panels.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1633" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Panel_suria" title="Panel suria">Panel suria</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:E-112_Egeln_feb2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Wind turbines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/E-112_Egeln_feb2005.jpg/220px-E-112_Egeln_feb2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/E-112_Egeln_feb2005.jpg/330px-E-112_Egeln_feb2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/E-112_Egeln_feb2005.jpg/440px-E-112_Egeln_feb2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Turbin_angin" title="Turbin angin">Turbin angin</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Electric_transmission_lines.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Transmission towers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Electric_transmission_lines.jpg/220px-Electric_transmission_lines.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Electric_transmission_lines.jpg/330px-Electric_transmission_lines.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Electric_transmission_lines.jpg/440px-Electric_transmission_lines.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Menara penghantaran</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kejuruteraan tenaga</b> atau <b>kejuruteraan sistem tenaga</b> ialah bidang <a href="/wiki/Kejuruteraan" title="Kejuruteraan">kejuruteraan yang luas</a> berurusan dengan <a href="/wiki/Penggunaan_tenaga_cekap" title="Penggunaan tenaga cekap">kecekapan</a> tenaga, perkhidmatan tenaga, pengurusan kemudahan, kejuruteraan loji, pematuhan alam sekitar dan teknologi tenaga alternatif. Kejuruteraan tenaga merupakan salah satu disiplin kejuruteraan yang lebih baru untuk muncul. Kejuruteraan tenaga menggabungkan pengetahuan dari bidang <a href="/wiki/Fizik" title="Fizik">fizik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matematik" title="Matematik">matematik</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia">kimia</a> dengan amalan kejuruteraan ekonomi dan persekitaran. Jurutera tenaga menerapkan kemahiran mereka untuk meningkatkan kecekapan dan terus membangun sumber tenaga boleh diperbaharui. Tugas utama jurutera tenaga ialah untuk mencari cara yang paling berkesan dan mampan untuk mengendalikan bangunan dan proses pembuatan. Jurutera tenaga mengaudit penggunaan tenaga dalam proses tersebut dan mencadangkan cara untuk memperbaiki sistem. Ini bermakna mencadangkan pencahayaan yang lebih maju, penebat yang lebih baik, pemanasan dan penyejukan yang lebih baik daripada bangunan.<sup id="cite_ref-Berkeley_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkeley-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Walaupun jurutera tenaga prihatin untuk memperoleh dan menggunakan tenaga dengan cara yang paling mesra alam, bidangnya tidak terhad kepada tenaga yang boleh diperbaharui seperti hidro, suria, biomasa, atau geoterma. Jurutera tenaga juga digunakan oleh bidang pengekstrakan minyak dan gas asli.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nota">Nota</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kejuruteraan_tenaga&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Sunting bahagian: Nota" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kejuruteraan_tenaga&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Nota"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6173370">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Berkeley-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Berkeley_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Berkeley Engineering (2013).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">AGCAS editors (2011).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pautan_luar">Pautan luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kejuruteraan_tenaga&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Sunting bahagian: Pautan luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kejuruteraan_tenaga&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Pautan luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aeecenter.com">Persatuan Jurutera Tenaga</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.energycongress.com/">Kongres Kejuruteraan Tenaga Dunia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eme.psu.edu/eneng/">Penn State Energy Engineering</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theema.org.uk/">Persatuan Pengurus Tenaga</a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.canary‐95599dbdb‐tjdkl Cached time: 20241127224351 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.044 seconds Real time usage: 0.062 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 103/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 344/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 83/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1650/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.002/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 579179/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 29.575 1 -total 100.00% 29.575 1 Templat:Reflist 7.45% 2.204 1 Templat:Main_other --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key mswiki:pcache:970430:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241127224351 and revision id 4907736. 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