CNS Drug Development | Central Nervous System

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title="Obesity_MDD.jpg" /> </div> </div> </div> <span class="h4">Obesity</span> <p class="section-overview--desktop">A focus on combination therapies requires appropriate obesity-specific trial designs, long-term follow-up studies and diverse patient recruitment.</p> </a> </div> <div class="col-xl-3"> <a href="/insights/therapeutics" class="dropdown-item dropdown-item--with-image"> <div class="image image--zoom-on-hover"> <div><div><img src="https://icon.widen.net/content/78559377-8cc3-4bc6-b6f2-cc20a04e1504/web/cells-menu-hero.jpg?crop=yes&w=260&h=136&itok=750H7OG2" width="260" height="136" alt="cells-menu-hero.jpg" loading="eager" title="cells-menu-hero.jpg" /> </div> </div> </div> <span class="h4">Therapeutics insights</span> <p class="section-overview--desktop">ICON's therapeutic experts contribute regularly to industry publications and the creation of thought leadership content. 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efficient; the methods and technologies advancing Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s R&D</span> <p class="section-overview--desktop">In this CNS whitepaper we examine how innovative methodologies and technologies are being implemented to improve the success rate of neurodegenerative clinical trials.</p> </a> </div> <div class="col-xl-3"> <a href="/sectors/biotech/early-phase-challenges-biotechs" class="dropdown-item dropdown-item--with-image"> <div class="image image--zoom-on-hover"> <div><div><img src="https://icon.widen.net/content/fc13f816-bd06-455c-a1ae-4daf6cb35f40/web/Thumbnail_biotech_whitepaper.jpeg?crop=yes&w=260&h=136&itok=XglqHZSI" width="260" height="136" alt="Early phase challenges for biotechs_whitepaper" loading="eager" title="Early phase challenges for biotechs_whitepaper" /> </div> </div> </div> <span class="h4">Early phase challenges for biotechs</span> <p class="section-overview--desktop">Approaching early phase trials strategically and anticipating obstacles can be 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CNS clinical trials bring specific challenges, including managing placebo response, incorporating soft endpoints, and require a particular focus on reducing patient burden.</p> <p>Unsurprisingly this had led to a challenging of accepted and established norms by CNS drug developers.</p> <p>We support sponsors in minimising development risk and maximising probability of success through:</p> <ul> <li>Access to the latest, applied technology innovation and processes</li> <li>Working with our highly qualified and therapeutically trained staff</li> <li>Real time data quality monitoring and analysis</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cdf33805-72de-4136-8a48-d0f6b4ff09b2"> <div class="container-fluid container-fluid--xl text-and-picture-wrapper "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm"> <div class="text-picture text-left text-picture--text-left-picture-right text-left "> <div class="container-fluid container-fluid--xl"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6 order-sm-2"> <div class="text-picture__picture"> <div class="text-picture-link-wrapper"> <div> <div> <picture> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/2yqqap38gq/web/biotech_cns_whitepaper_advancing%20alzheimers%20rnd_Homepage%20banner.jpeg?crop=yes&w=2048&h=1251&a=0,0&itok=apPtS07j 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/2yqqap38gq/web/biotech_cns_whitepaper_advancing%20alzheimers%20rnd_Homepage%20banner.jpeg?crop=yes&w=2048&h=1251&a=0,0&itok=apPtS07j 2x" media="(min-width: 1400px)" width="555" height="339"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/2yqqap38gq/web/biotech_cns_whitepaper_advancing%20alzheimers%20rnd_Homepage%20banner.jpeg?crop=yes&w=2048&h=1251&a=0,0&itok=apPtS07j 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/2yqqap38gq/web/biotech_cns_whitepaper_advancing%20alzheimers%20rnd_Homepage%20banner.jpeg?crop=yes&w=2048&h=1251&a=0,0&itok=apPtS07j 2x" media="(min-width: 1200px)" width="555" height="339"/> <source 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srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/2yqqap38gq/web/biotech_cns_whitepaper_advancing%20alzheimers%20rnd_Homepage%20banner.jpeg?crop=yes&w=2048&h=1251&a=0,0&itok=apPtS07j 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/2yqqap38gq/web/biotech_cns_whitepaper_advancing%20alzheimers%20rnd_Homepage%20banner.jpeg?crop=yes&w=2048&h=1251&a=0,0&itok=apPtS07j 2x" media="(min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 767px)" width="555" height="339"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/2yqqap38gq/web/biotech_cns_whitepaper_advancing%20alzheimers%20rnd_Homepage%20banner.jpeg?crop=yes&w=2048&h=1251&a=0,0&itok=apPtS07j 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/2yqqap38gq/web/biotech_cns_whitepaper_advancing%20alzheimers%20rnd_Homepage%20banner.jpeg?crop=yes&w=2048&h=1251&a=0,0&itok=apPtS07j 2x" media="(max-width: 575px)" width="555" height="339"/> <img src="https://icon.widen.net/content/2yqqap38gq/web/biotech_cns_whitepaper_advancing%20alzheimers%20rnd_Homepage%20banner.jpeg" width="2220" height="1357" alt="whitepaper CNS" title="whitepaper CNS" loading="lazy" /> </picture> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="text-picture__picture-comment"> </div> </div> <div class="text-picture__text-wrapper col-sm-6 col-sm-pull-6"> <div class="text-picture__text"> <h2></h2> <h3>The methods and technologies advancing Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s R&D</h3> <div><p>In this CNS whitepaper, which includes extracts from our survey of over 120 neurodegenerative therapeutic developers, we examine how innovative methodologies and technologies are being implemented to improve the success rate of clinical trials across a range of neurodegenerative disorders.</p></div> <a class="btn btn-primary btn-md" href="/insights/therapeutics/central-nervous-system/advancing-alzheimers-parkinsons-rnd" target="_self" title="Read the whitepaper"> Read the whitepaper </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div><div id="65d87cec-4e12-4619-b715-b9742dedd842"> <div class="group bg-white"> <div class="container-fluid container-fluid--xl"> <h2 class="group__title"> ICON's experienced neuroscience and drug development teams work across all areas of CNS research including: </h2> <p class="group__text"> </p> <ul class="row card-list"> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/central-nervous-system/cns-neurology" class="block-link" target="_self"> <div class="card card--overlapping-img text-left card--overlapping-img-blue"> <div class="image image--zoom-on-hover"> <div> <div> <picture> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/k8l7umezwf/web/Neurodeg_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=LzNC_mQt 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/k8l7umezwf/web/Neurodeg_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=HqkXGl8M 2x" media="(min-width: 1400px)" width="370" height="194"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/k8l7umezwf/web/Neurodeg_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=LzNC_mQt 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/k8l7umezwf/web/Neurodeg_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=HqkXGl8M 2x" media="(min-width: 1200px)" width="370" height="194"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/k8l7umezwf/web/Neurodeg_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=-8TgHSP3 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/k8l7umezwf/web/Neurodeg_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=281&h=194&a=45,0&itok=ReljowSW 2x" media="(min-width: 992px) and (max-width: 1199px)" width="301" height="158"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/k8l7umezwf/web/Neurodeg_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=193&a=0,1&itok=SpoQ1IXs 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/k8l7umezwf/web/Neurodeg_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=193&a=0,1&itok=-VanbnSu 2x" media="(min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px)" width="226" height="118"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/k8l7umezwf/web/Neurodeg_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=2KUG7IaN 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/k8l7umezwf/web/Neurodeg_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=d00gvpMN 2x" media="(min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 767px)" width="400" height="210"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/k8l7umezwf/web/Neurodeg_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=0CmkkKkP 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/k8l7umezwf/web/Neurodeg_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=MsIp8ulE 2x" media="(max-width: 575px)" width="400" height="210"/> <img src="https://icon.widen.net/content/k8l7umezwf/web/Neurodeg_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=0CmkkKkP" width="400" height="210" alt="Neurodeg_image" title="Neurodeg_image" loading="lazy" /> </picture> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card-body overlapping-comp" data-mh="card-body"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="icon-ui-arrow-right"></i> <h4 class="card-title">Neurodegenerative Diseases</h4> <div class="card-text small"> <div> <ul> <li>Alzheimer’s Disease</li> <li>Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis</li> <li>Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy</li> <li>Multiple Sclerosis</li> <li>Parkinson’s Disease</li> <li>Others</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/central-nervous-system/cns-pain" class="block-link" target="_self"> <div class="card card--overlapping-img text-left card--overlapping-img-purple"> <div class="image image--zoom-on-hover"> <div> <div> <picture> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/hqz4zemv5s/web/Pain_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=qN4Ow8qD 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/hqz4zemv5s/web/Pain_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=vTkoHSci 2x" media="(min-width: 1400px)" width="370" height="194"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/hqz4zemv5s/web/Pain_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=qN4Ow8qD 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/hqz4zemv5s/web/Pain_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=vTkoHSci 2x" media="(min-width: 1200px)" width="370" height="194"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/hqz4zemv5s/web/Pain_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=30-VL-qC 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/hqz4zemv5s/web/Pain_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=281&h=194&a=45,0&itok=pf4Tjnto 2x" media="(min-width: 992px) and (max-width: 1199px)" width="301" height="158"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/hqz4zemv5s/web/Pain_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=193&a=0,1&itok=UXMV87rx 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/hqz4zemv5s/web/Pain_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=193&a=0,1&itok=fYQrRp6R 2x" media="(min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px)" width="226" height="118"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/hqz4zemv5s/web/Pain_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=E_QcpzX8 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/hqz4zemv5s/web/Pain_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=NrQSIzgA 2x" media="(min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 767px)" width="400" height="210"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/hqz4zemv5s/web/Pain_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=cvcm8CiC 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/hqz4zemv5s/web/Pain_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=cZ-HK2CT 2x" media="(max-width: 575px)" width="400" height="210"/> <img src="https://icon.widen.net/content/hqz4zemv5s/web/Pain_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=cvcm8CiC" width="400" height="210" alt="Pain_image" title="Pain_image" loading="lazy" /> </picture> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card-body overlapping-comp" data-mh="card-body"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="icon-ui-arrow-right"></i> <h4 class="card-title">Acute and Chronic Pain</h4> <div class="card-text small"> <div> <ul> <li>Inflammatory / soft tissue injuries</li> <li>Low back pain</li> <li>Migraine pain</li> <li>Neuropathic pain</li> <li>Rheumatoid and osteoarthritis pain</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/central-nervous-system/cns-psychiatry" class="block-link" target="_self"> <div class="card card--overlapping-img text-left card--overlapping-img-gray"> <div class="image image--zoom-on-hover"> <div> <div> <picture> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/an4lxdpdad/web/uuid_3f756fe5-fb34-463f-9957-185b54e7df7c_Mood-disorders_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=72hWrNnU 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/an4lxdpdad/web/uuid_3f756fe5-fb34-463f-9957-185b54e7df7c_Mood-disorders_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=AKr_71ld 2x" media="(min-width: 1400px)" width="370" height="194"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/an4lxdpdad/web/uuid_3f756fe5-fb34-463f-9957-185b54e7df7c_Mood-disorders_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=72hWrNnU 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/an4lxdpdad/web/uuid_3f756fe5-fb34-463f-9957-185b54e7df7c_Mood-disorders_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=AKr_71ld 2x" media="(min-width: 1200px)" width="370" height="194"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/an4lxdpdad/web/uuid_3f756fe5-fb34-463f-9957-185b54e7df7c_Mood-disorders_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=C8vWeFzq 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/an4lxdpdad/web/uuid_3f756fe5-fb34-463f-9957-185b54e7df7c_Mood-disorders_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=281&h=194&a=45,0&itok=erFRF5c8 2x" media="(min-width: 992px) and (max-width: 1199px)" width="301" height="158"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/an4lxdpdad/web/uuid_3f756fe5-fb34-463f-9957-185b54e7df7c_Mood-disorders_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=193&a=0,1&itok=Br6dviV2 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/an4lxdpdad/web/uuid_3f756fe5-fb34-463f-9957-185b54e7df7c_Mood-disorders_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=193&a=0,1&itok=DPriI0rZ 2x" media="(min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px)" width="226" height="118"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/an4lxdpdad/web/uuid_3f756fe5-fb34-463f-9957-185b54e7df7c_Mood-disorders_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=kgUn6n0y 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/an4lxdpdad/web/uuid_3f756fe5-fb34-463f-9957-185b54e7df7c_Mood-disorders_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=h7kpfn3u 2x" media="(min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 767px)" width="400" height="210"/> <source srcset="https://icon.widen.net/content/an4lxdpdad/web/uuid_3f756fe5-fb34-463f-9957-185b54e7df7c_Mood-disorders_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=WusTF9CI 1x, https://icon.widen.net/content/an4lxdpdad/web/uuid_3f756fe5-fb34-463f-9957-185b54e7df7c_Mood-disorders_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=BekrDtl- 2x" media="(max-width: 575px)" width="400" height="210"/> <img src="https://icon.widen.net/content/an4lxdpdad/web/uuid_3f756fe5-fb34-463f-9957-185b54e7df7c_Mood-disorders_image.jpg?crop=yes&w=370&h=194&a=0,0&itok=WusTF9CI" width="400" height="210" alt="uuid_3f756fe5-fb34-463f-9957-185b54e7df7c_Mood-disorders_image" title="uuid_3f756fe5-fb34-463f-9957-185b54e7df7c_Mood-disorders_image" loading="lazy" /> </picture> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card-body overlapping-comp" data-mh="card-body"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="icon-ui-arrow-right"></i> <h4 class="card-title">Psychiatry</h4> <div class="card-text small"> <div> <ul> <li>Depressive disorders</li> <li>Biopolar disorder</li> <li>Schizophrenia</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="5c14cc9a-f071-4717-b56c-7745ebccccb7" class="icon-group icon-group--horizontal"> <div class="container-fluid container-fluid--xl"> <h2 class="icon-group__title">ICON neurodegenerative and neuromuscular experience in last five years:</h2> <ul class="icon-group__items icon-group__items__columns-3"> <li class="icon-group__item--blue"> <div lang="en" class="icon-group__wrapper" > <i class="icon-report"></i> <p class="mb-2 icons-large-text">830+</p> <small>Studies</small> </div> </li> <li class="icon-group__item--green-bright"> <div lang="en" class="icon-group__wrapper" > <i class="icon-patient"></i> <p class="mb-2 icons-large-text">150,900+</p> <small>Patients involved</small> </div> </li> <li class="icon-group__item--blue-light"> <div lang="en" class="icon-group__wrapper" > <i class="icon-global"></i> <p class="mb-2 icons-large-text">21,000+</p> <small>Sites</small> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="996929ce-74d8-4d6b-97b9-fa26c9a14898"> <div class="container-fluid container-fluid--xl text-and-picture-wrapper "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm"> <div class="text-picture-wrapper"> <div class="text-picture text-picture--text-only text-left with-separator--top"> <div> <div class="text-picture__text"> <h3> Services for CNS, Pain and Ageing Diseases </h3> <div><p>Our <a href="/solutions/site-and-patient-solutions/protocol-optimisation/" target="_self">Protocol Optimisation</a> and Clinical Development Plans service is complemented with <a href="/solutions/consulting/asset-development/adaptive-trials/" target="_self">Adaptive Design competency</a>. Our full-service study/program implementation and execution include: </p><p> </p><ul><li>Bioanalytical laboratories to support the development and analysis of biomarker assays in the neurodegenerative disease space</li><li><a href="/solutions/imaging/" target="_self">Medical Imaging</a> including neuroimaging, such as positron emission tomography and functional- or pharmaco-MRI</li><li>Access to our global KOL expert and CNS site network including our Early Development Services (EDS) group  which has extensive experience in neuroactive drug development including 160+ Phase I and Phase IIa clinical studies with neuroactive agents.</li><li>(Electronic) Clinical Outcomes Assessment and <a href="/news-events/events/webinars/digital-endpoint-strategy-and-validation/" target="_self">digital endpoints expertise</a></li><li>Access to biobanks and patient registries</li><li>Advice on use and implementation of <a href="/insights/digital-disruption/mHealth-wearables/" target="_self">innovative wearable technologies</a></li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="3c42872c-7296-4570-aff5-a01a29f11b53"> <div class="container-fluid container-fluid--xl text-and-picture-wrapper "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm"> <div class="text-picture-wrapper"> <div class="text-picture text-picture--text-only text-left with-separator--top"> <div> <div class="text-picture__text"> <h3> Dedicated specialist teams </h3> <div> <p>All staff assigned to projects, including project management, drug development, site identification, feasibility, and medical oversight attend customised training programs. Over the past five years, ICON have conducted phase I, II & III studies in various CNS indications. We also offer dedicated teams for rare and paediatric CNS programs.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="2ee4b04f-8c7d-42b0-9e65-d1696b3be2b7"> <div class="bg-gray"> <div class="container-fluid container-fluid--xl text-and-picture-wrapper "> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm"> <div class="text-picture-wrapper"> <div class="text-picture text-picture--text-only text-left with-separator--top"> <div> <div class="text-picture__text"> <h2>CNS, pain and ageing related disorders insights</h2> <h3> </h3> <div> <p>ICON's experienced neuroscience and drug development teams regularly share their insights in industry publications and through ICON produced content in the form of blogs and whitepapers. Read more content from our experts.</p> </div> <a class="btn btn-primary btn-md" href="/insights/therapeutics/central-nervous-system" target="_self">Read more </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </second> </div> <div class="col-md-3 order-1"> <div id="be349ac5-505b-4c34-8e69-0af8e4617497"> <div class="container-fluid container-fluid--xl sidebar-menu-wrapper"> <div class="sidebar"> <div class="sidebar sidebar--sticky sidebar--collapsible"> <a class="sidebar--collapsible__toggle collapsed" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" href="#sidebar-content" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="sidebar-content"> <span>In this section</span> </a> <div class="sidebar--collapsible__content collapse" id="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar--menu"> <h6 class="d-none d-md-block">In this section</h6> <ul class="sidebar--collapsible__list"> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#biosimilars-10484"></span> <a href="/therapeutics/biosimilars" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33807">Biosimilars</a> <div class="collapse " id="biosimilars-10484" > <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/biosimilars/clinical-trial-development-planning" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/41861">Clinical trial development planning</a> <div class="collapse " id="biosimilars-clinical-trial-development-planning-11671" > </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/cardiovascular" title="ICON has extensive experience in cardiovascular clinical research trials across the entire drug development spectrum." data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34066">Cardiovascular</a> <div class="collapse " id="cardiovascular-10511" > </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#cell-and-gene-therapies-10512"></span> <a href="/therapeutics/cell-and-gene-therapies" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34067">Cell and Gene Therapies</a> <div class="collapse " id="cell-and-gene-therapies-10512" > <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li> <a href="/insights/value-based-healthcare/the-affordability-hurdle-for-gene-therapies" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33755">The affordability hurdle for gene therapies</a> <div class="collapse " id="cell-and-gene-therapies-the-affordability-hurdle-for-gene-therapies-10513" > </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class=" active" data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#central-nervous-system-10514"></span> <a href="/therapeutics/central-nervous-system" class="active is-active" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34071" aria-current="page">Central Nervous System</a> <div class="collapse show" id="central-nervous-system-10514" > <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/central-nervous-system/cns-neurology" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34068">CNS Neurology</a> <div class="collapse " id="central-nervous-system-cns-neurology-10515" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/central-nervous-system/cns-pain" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34069">CNS Pain</a> <div class="collapse " id="central-nervous-system--cns-pain-10516" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/central-nervous-system/cns-psychiatry" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34070">CNS Psychiatry</a> <div class="collapse " id="central-nervous-system---cns-psychiatry-10517" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/central-nervous-system/challenges-and-opportunities-in-traumatic-brain-injury-clinical-trials" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33678">Challenges and opportunities in traumatic brain injury clinical trials</a> <div class="collapse " id="central-nervous-system----challenges-and-opportunities-in-traumatic-brain-injury-clinical-trials-10518" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/central-nervous-system/key-considerations-for-parkinsons-disease-trials" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33680">Challenges and opportunities in Parkinson’s Disease clinical trials</a> <div class="collapse " id="central-nervous-system-----challenges-and-opportunities-in-parkinson-s-disease-clinical-trials-10519" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/central-nervous-system/key-considerations-in-chronic-pain-clinical-trials" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33681">Key considerations in chronic pain clinical trials</a> <div class="collapse " id="central-nervous-system------key-considerations-in-chronic-pain-clinical-trials-10520" > </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#endocrine-metabolic-disorders-10521"></span> <a href="/therapeutics/endocrine-metabolic-disorders" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34072">Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders</a> <div class="collapse " id="endocrine-metabolic-disorders-10521" > <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/endocrine-metabolic-disorders/obesity" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38991">Obesity</a> <div class="collapse " id="endocrine-metabolic-disorders-obesity-11021" > </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#endocrine-metabolic-disorders--metabolic-dysfunction-associated-steatohepatitis-mash--10522"></span> <a href="/therapeutics/endocrine-metabolic-disorders/non-alcoholic-steatohepatitis-nash" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34073">Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)</a> <div class="collapse " id="endocrine-metabolic-disorders--metabolic-dysfunction-associated-steatohepatitis-mash--10522" > <ul class="menu menu-level-2"> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/nash/the-voice-of-nash-investigators-in-patient-recruitment" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33694">The voice of NASH investigators</a> <div class="collapse " id="metabolic-dysfunction-associated-steatohepatitis-mash--the-voice-of-nash-investigators-10523" > </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#infectious-diseases-10524"></span> <a href="/therapeutics/infectious-diseases" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34076">Infectious Diseases</a> <div class="collapse " id="infectious-diseases-10524" > <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/infectious-diseases/antimicrobial-resistance" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33685">Antimicrobial resistance</a> <div class="collapse " id="infectious-diseases-antimicrobial-resistance-10525" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/infectious-diseases/hiv" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33689">HIV</a> <div class="collapse " id="infectious-diseases--hiv-10526" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/infectious-diseases/covid-19-vaccine-trials" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33687">Pandemic respiratory vaccine clinical trials</a> <div class="collapse " id="infectious-diseases---pandemic-respiratory-vaccine-clinical-trials-10527" > </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#internal-medicine-immunology-10528"></span> <a href="/therapeutics/internal-medicine-immunology" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34080">Internal Medicine & Immunology</a> <div class="collapse " id="internal-medicine-immunology-10528" > <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/internal-medicine-and-immunology/dermatology" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34077">Dermatology</a> <div class="collapse " id="internal-medicine-immunology-dermatology-10529" > </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#internal-medicine-immunology--gastrointestinal-10530"></span> <a href="/therapeutics/internal-medicine-immunology/gastrointestinal" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34078">Gastrointestinal</a> <div class="collapse " id="internal-medicine-immunology--gastrointestinal-10530" > <ul class="menu menu-level-2"> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/internal-medicine-and-immunology/gastrointestinal/inflammatory-bowel-disease" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34079">Inflammatory Bowel Disease</a> <div class="collapse " id="gastrointestinal-inflammatory-bowel-disease-10531" > </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/internal-medicine-immunology/ophthalmology" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34081">Ophthalmology</a> <div class="collapse " id="internal-medicine-immunology---ophthalmology-10532" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/internal-medicine-immunology/respiratory" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34082">Respiratory</a> <div class="collapse " id="internal-medicine-immunology----respiratory-10533" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/internal-medicine-immunology/rheumatology" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34083">Rheumatology</a> <div class="collapse " id="internal-medicine-immunology-----rheumatology-10534" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/internal-medicine-immunology/transplant-immunology" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34091">Transplant Immunology</a> <div class="collapse " id="internal-medicine-immunology------transplant-immunology-10544" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/internal-medicine-and-immunology/urology" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34084">Urology</a> <div class="collapse " id="internal-medicine-immunology-------urology-10535" > </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/medical-device" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34085">Medical Device</a> <div class="collapse " id="medical-device-10536" > </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#oncology-10537"></span> <a href="/therapeutics/oncology" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34088">Oncology</a> <div class="collapse " id="oncology-10537" > <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/oncology/early-phase-oncology" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34086">Early Phase Oncology</a> <div class="collapse " id="oncology-early-phase-oncology-10538" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/oncology/immuno-oncology" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34087">Immuno-Oncology</a> <div class="collapse " id="oncology--immuno-oncology-10539" > </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/pediatrics" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34089">Pediatrics</a> <div class="collapse " id="pediatrics-10540" > </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#rare-orphan-diseases-10541"></span> <a href="/therapeutics/rare-orphan-diseases" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34090">Rare & Orphan Diseases</a> <div class="collapse " id="rare-orphan-diseases-10541" > <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/rare-and-orphan-diseases/leveraging-historical-data-for-use-in-rare-disease-trials" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33707">Leveraging historical data for use in rare disease trials</a> <div class="collapse " id="rare-orphan-diseases-leveraging-historical-data-for-use-in-rare-disease-trials-10542" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/rare-and-orphan-diseases/patient-centricity-in-orphan-drug-development" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33709">Patient centricity in orphan drug development</a> <div class="collapse " id="rare-orphan-diseases--patient-centricity-in-orphan-drug-development-10543" > </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#vaccines-10546"></span> <a href="/therapeutics/vaccines" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34092">Vaccines</a> <div class="collapse " id="vaccines-10546" > <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/infectious-diseases/covid-19-vaccine-trials" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33687">Pandemic respiratory vaccine clinical trials</a> <div class="collapse " id="vaccines-pandemic-respiratory-vaccine-clinical-trials-10547" > </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/womens-health" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34094">Women's Health</a> <div class="collapse " id="women-s-health-10545" > </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#therapeutics-insights-10548"></span> <a href="/insights/therapeutics" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33684">Therapeutics insights</a> <div class="collapse " id="therapeutics-insights-10548" > <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#therapeutics-insights-cardiovascular-10549"></span> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/cardiovascular" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33670">Cardiovascular</a> <div class="collapse " id="therapeutics-insights-cardiovascular-10549" > <ul class="menu menu-level-2"> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/cardiovascular/mitigating-the-impact-of-covid19-on-cardiovascular-trials" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33671">Mitigating the impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular trials</a> <div class="collapse " id="cardiovascular-mitigating-the-impact-of-covid-19-on-cardiovascular-trials-10550" > </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#therapeutics-insights--cell-and-gene-therapies-10551"></span> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/cell-and-gene-therapies" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33674">Cell and Gene Therapies</a> <div class="collapse " id="therapeutics-insights--cell-and-gene-therapies-10551" > <ul class="menu menu-level-2"> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/cell-and-gene-therapies/approaching-the-car-t-cell-therapy-horizon" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33672">Approaching the CAR T-cell therapy horizon</a> <div class="collapse " id="cell-and-gene-therapies-approaching-the-car-t-cell-therapy-horizon-10552" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/cell-and-gene-therapies/cell-and-gene-therapy-clinical-trials" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33673">Cell and Gene ebook</a> <div class="collapse " id="cell-and-gene-therapies--cell-and-gene-ebook-10553" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/cell-and-gene-therapies/long-term-follow-up-studies-of-cell-and-gene-therapies" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33675">Long-term follow-up studies of cell and gene therapies</a> <div class="collapse " id="cell-and-gene-therapies---long-term-follow-up-studies-of-cell-and-gene-therapies-10554" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/cell-and-gene-therapies/mainstreaming-cell-gene-therapies" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33676">Mainstreaming Cell & Gene Therapies</a> <div class="collapse " id="cell-and-gene-therapies----mainstreaming-cell-gene-therapies-10555" > </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#therapeutics-insights---central-nervous-system-10556"></span> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/central-nervous-system" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33679">Central Nervous System</a> <div class="collapse " id="therapeutics-insights---central-nervous-system-10556" > <ul class="menu menu-level-2"> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/central-nervous-system/a-mind-for-digital-therapeutics" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33677">A mind for digital therapeutics</a> <div class="collapse " id="central-nervous-system-a-mind-for-digital-therapeutics-10557" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/central-nervous-system/challenges-and-opportunities-in-traumatic-brain-injury-clinical-trials" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33678">Challenges and opportunities in traumatic brain injury clinical trials</a> <div class="collapse " id="central-nervous-system--challenges-and-opportunities-in-traumatic-brain-injury-clinical-trials-10558" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/central-nervous-system/key-considerations-for-parkinsons-disease-trials" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33680">Challenges and opportunities in Parkinson’s Disease clinical trials</a> <div class="collapse " id="central-nervous-system---challenges-and-opportunities-in-parkinson-s-disease-clinical-trials-10559" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/central-nervous-system/key-considerations-in-chronic-pain-clinical-trials" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33681">Key Considerations in Chronic Pain Clinical Trials</a> <div class="collapse " id="central-nervous-system----key-considerations-in-chronic-pain-clinical-trials-10560" > </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/glycomics" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33683">Glycomics</a> <div class="collapse " id="therapeutics-insights----glycomics-10562" > </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#therapeutics-insights-----infectious-diseases-10563"></span> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/infectious-diseases" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33690">Infectious Diseases</a> <div class="collapse " id="therapeutics-insights-----infectious-diseases-10563" > <ul class="menu menu-level-2"> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/infectious-diseases/antimicrobial-resistance" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33685">Antimicrobial Resistance</a> <div class="collapse " id="infectious-diseases-antimicrobial-resistance-10564" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/therapeutics/therapeutics-insights/infectious-diseases/considerations-strengthening-vaccine" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33686">Considerations for strengthening vaccine development</a> <div class="collapse " id="infectious-diseases--considerations-for-strengthening-vaccine-development-10565" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/infectious-diseases/covid-19-vaccine-trials" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33687">COVID-19 vaccine trials</a> <div class="collapse " id="infectious-diseases---covid-19-vaccine-trials-10566" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/infectious-diseases/covid-19-vaccines-pass" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33688">COVID-19 vaccines: Post-authorisation safety surveillance</a> <div class="collapse " id="infectious-diseases----covid-19-vaccines-post-authorisation-safety-surveillance-10567" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/infectious-diseases/hiv" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33689">HIV</a> <div class="collapse " id="infectious-diseases-----hiv-10568" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/infectious-diseases/the-value-of-dynamic-transmission-models" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33691">The value of dynamic transmission models</a> <div class="collapse " id="infectious-diseases------the-value-of-dynamic-transmission-models-10569" > </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#therapeutics-insights------nash-10571"></span> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/nash" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33693">NASH</a> <div class="collapse " id="therapeutics-insights------nash-10571" > <ul class="menu menu-level-2"> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/nash/the-voice-of-nash-investigators-in-patient-recruitment" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33694">The voice of NASH investigators</a> <div class="collapse " id="nash-the-voice-of-nash-investigators-10572" > </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/womens-health-insights" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/39166">Women's Health Insights</a> <div class="collapse " id="therapeutics-insights-------women-s-health-insights-11176" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/oncology" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33698">Oncology</a> <div class="collapse " id="therapeutics-insights--------oncology-10576" > </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#therapeutics-insights---------pediatrics-10577"></span> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/pediatrics" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33699">Pediatrics</a> <div class="collapse " id="therapeutics-insights---------pediatrics-10577" > <ul class="menu menu-level-2"> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/pediatrics/pediatric-risk-assessment-map" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33700">Pediatric Risk Assessment Map</a> <div class="collapse " id="pediatrics-pediatric-risk-assessment-map-10578" > </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="sidebar--submenu"> <span aria-controls="sidebar-content" class="collapsed " data-toggle="collapse" role="button" href="#therapeutics-insights----------rare-and-orphan-diseases-10579"></span> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/rare-and-orphan-diseases" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33706">Rare and orphan diseases</a> <div class="collapse " id="therapeutics-insights----------rare-and-orphan-diseases-10579" > <ul class="menu menu-level-2"> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/rare-and-orphan-diseases/pushing-boundaries-idiopathic-pulmonary" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34969">Pushing boundaries in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis clinical research</a> <div class="collapse " id="rare-and-orphan-diseases-pushing-boundaries-in-idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis-clinical-research-10861" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/rare-and-orphan-diseases/advanced-therapies-for-rare-diseases" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33701">Advanced therapies for rare diseases</a> <div class="collapse " id="rare-and-orphan-diseases--advanced-therapies-for-rare-diseases-10580" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/rare-and-orphan-diseases/cross-border-enrollment-of-rare-disease-patients" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33702">Cross-border enrollment of rare disease patients</a> <div class="collapse " id="rare-and-orphan-diseases---cross-border-enrollment-of-rare-disease-patients-10581" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/rare-and-orphan-diseases/crossing-the-finish-line" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33703">Crossing the finish line: Why effective participation support strategy is critical to trial efficiency and success in rare diseases</a> <div class="collapse " id="rare-and-orphan-diseases----crossing-the-finish-line-why-effective-participation-support-strategy-is-critical-to-trial-efficiency-and-success-in-rare-diseases-10582" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/rare-and-orphan-diseases/diversity-equity-and-inclusion-in-rare-disease-trials" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33704">Diversity, equity and inclusion in rare disease clinical trials</a> <div class="collapse " id="rare-and-orphan-diseases-----diversity-equity-and-inclusion-in-rare-disease-clinical-trials-10583" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/rare-and-orphan-diseases/identify-and-mitigate-risks-to-rare-disease-clinical-programmes" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33705">Identify and mitigate risks to rare disease clinical programmes</a> <div class="collapse " id="rare-and-orphan-diseases------identify-and-mitigate-risks-to-rare-disease-clinical-programmes-10584" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/rare-and-orphan-diseases/leveraging-historical-data-for-use-in-rare-disease-trials" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33707">Leveraging historical data for use in rare disease trials</a> <div class="collapse " id="rare-and-orphan-diseases-------leveraging-historical-data-for-use-in-rare-disease-trials-10585" > </div> </li> <li> <a href="/insights/therapeutics/rare-and-orphan-diseases/natural-history-studies-to-improve-drug-development-in-rare-diseases" 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