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Disponibil în 37 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AF-%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="نظرية برونستد-لوري – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نظرية برونستد-لوري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%B8_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Теория на Брьонстед и Лаури – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Теория на Брьонстед и Лаури" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1-%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC" title="ব্রনস্টেড-লাউরি অম্ল-ক্ষার তত্ত্ব – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ব্রনস্টেড-লাউরি অম্ল-ক্ষার তত্ত্ব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_%C3%A0cid-base_de_Br%C3%B8nsted_i_Lowry" title="Teoria àcid-base de Brønsted i Lowry – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Teoria àcid-base de Brønsted i Lowry" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%B8nstedova%E2%80%93Lowryho_teorie_kyselin_a_z%C3%A1sad" title="Brønstedova–Lowryho teorie kyselin a zásad – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Brønstedova–Lowryho teorie kyselin a zásad" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damcaniaeth_Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry" title="Damcaniaeth Brønsted-Lowry – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Damcaniaeth Brønsted-Lowry" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry_syre-base_teori" title="Brønsted-Lowry syre-base teori – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Brønsted-Lowry syre-base teori" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%89%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%BF%CE%BE%CE%AD%CF%89%CE%BD-%CE%B2%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC_%CE%9C%CF%80%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BD%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84-%CE%9B%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B9" title="Θεωρία οξέων-βάσεων κατά Μπρόνστεντ-Λόρι – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θεωρία οξέων-βάσεων κατά Μπρόνστεντ-Λόρι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%B8nsted%E2%80%93Lowry_acid%E2%80%93base_theory" title="Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teor%C3%ADa_%C3%A1cido-base_de_Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry" title="Teoría ácido-base de Brønsted-Lowry – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Teoría ácido-base de Brønsted-Lowry" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protol%C3%BC%C3%BCtiline_teooria" title="Protolüütiline teooria – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Protolüütiline teooria" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronsted_eta_Lowry-ren_azido_base_teoria" title="Bronsted eta Lowry-ren azido base teoria – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bronsted eta Lowry-ren azido base teoria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%E2%80%93%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AF%E2%80%93%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="نظریه اسید–باز برونستد–لوری – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نظریه اسید–باز برونستد–لوری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9orie_de_Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry" title="Théorie de Brønsted-Lowry – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Théorie de Brønsted-Lowry" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%93%E2%80%93%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99" title="תאוריית ברונסטד–לאורי – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תאוריית ברונסטד–לאורי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2-%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4" title="ब्रान्स्टेड तथा लॉरी का अम्ल-क्षार सिद्धान्त – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ब्रान्स्टेड तथा लॉरी का अम्ल-क्षार सिद्धान्त" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D6%80%D5%B5%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%A9%D5%A5%D5%A4-%D4%BC%D5%B8%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%AB_%D5%A9%D5%A9%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Բրյոնսթեդ-Լոուրիի թթվահիմնային տեսություն – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բրյոնսթեդ-Լոուրիի թթվահիմնային տեսություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teori_asam%E2%80%93basa_Br%C3%B8nsted%E2%80%93Lowry" title="Teori asam–basa Brønsted–Lowry – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Teori asam–basa Brønsted–Lowry" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_acido-base_di_Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry" title="Teoria acido-base di Brønsted-Lowry – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Teoria acido-base di Brønsted-Lowry" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%83%E3%83%89-%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%81%AE%E9%85%B8%E5%A1%A9%E5%9F%BA%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" title="ブレンステッド-ローリーの酸塩基理論 – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブレンステッド-ローリーの酸塩基理論" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B8%8C%EB%A2%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%8C%EB%93%9C-%EB%A1%9C%EC%9A%B0%EB%A6%AC_%EC%82%B0%EC%97%BC%EA%B8%B0_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="브뢴스테드-로우리 산염기 이론 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="브뢴스테드-로우리 산염기 이론" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B4-%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Бренстед-Лауриева теорија – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бренстед-Лауриева теорија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B4-%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%85%D2%AF%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D1%88%D2%AF%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Бронстед-Лоури хүчил шүлтийн онол – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бронстед-Лоури хүчил шүлтийн онол" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teori_asid-bes_Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry" title="Teori asid-bes Brønsted-Lowry – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Teori asid-bes Brønsted-Lowry" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%B8nsted%E2%80%93Lowrys_syre-baseteori" title="Brønsted–Lowrys syre-baseteori – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Brønsted–Lowrys syre-baseteori" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_de_Bronsted" title="Acid de Bronsted – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Acid de Bronsted" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_kwas%C3%B3w_i_zasad_Br%C3%B8nsteda" title="Teoria kwasów i zasad Brønsteda – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Teoria kwasów i zasad Brønsteda" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_%C3%A1cido-base_de_Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry" title="Teoria ácido-base de Brønsted-Lowry – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Teoria ácido-base de Brønsted-Lowry" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%91%D1%80%D1%91%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_%E2%80%93_%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Кислотно-основная теория Брёнстеда – Лоури – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кислотно-основная теория Брёнстеда – Лоури" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%B8nsted%E2%80%93Lowryjeva_teorija_kiselina_i_baza" title="Brønsted–Lowryjeva teorija kiselina i baza – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Brønsted–Lowryjeva teorija kiselina i baza" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%B8nsted%E2%80%93Lowryjeva_teorija_kislin_in_baz" title="Brønsted–Lowryjeva teorija kislin in baz – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Brønsted–Lowryjeva teorija kislin in baz" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brensted-Laurijeva_teorija_kiselina_i_baza" title="Brensted-Laurijeva teorija kiselina i baza – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Brensted-Laurijeva teorija kiselina i baza" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9ori_asam%E2%80%93basa_Br%C3%B8nsted%E2%80%93Lowry" title="Téori asam–basa Brønsted–Lowry – sundaneză" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Téori asam–basa Brønsted–Lowry" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry_asit-baz_teorisi" title="Brønsted-Lowry asit-baz teorisi – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Brønsted-Lowry asit-baz teorisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%B9%DA%88-%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%94%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="برونسٹڈ-لوری کا تیزاب۔اساس نظریہ – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="برونسٹڈ-لوری کا تیزاب۔اساس نظریہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thuy%E1%BA%BFt_acid%E2%80%93base_Br%C3%B8nsted%E2%80%93Lowry" title="Thuyết acid–base Brønsted–Lowry – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thuyết acid–base Brønsted–Lowry" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="酸碱质子理论 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="酸碱质子理论" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q556036#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:PHscalenolang.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/PHscalenolang.png/200px-PHscalenolang.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/PHscalenolang.png/300px-PHscalenolang.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/PHscalenolang.png/400px-PHscalenolang.png 2x" data-file-width="731" data-file-height="205" /></a></span><div style="padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em"><i>Scara de <a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a> (și pOH)</i></div></td></tr><tr><td style="padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.3em;font-weight:bold;font-weight:normal"> <a href="/wiki/Acidimetrie" title="Acidimetrie">Acidimetrie</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Amfoter" title="Amfoter">Amfoter</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Constant%C4%83_de_disociere" title="Constantă de disociere">Constantă de disociere</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Reac%C8%9Bie_acido-bazic%C4%83" title="Reacție acido-bazică">Reacție acido-bazică</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Solu%C8%9Bie_tampon" title="Soluție tampon">Soluție tampon</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Teoria_acido-bazic%C4%83" title="Teoria acido-bazică">Teoria acido-bazică</a></td></tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;padding:5px;color:#fff;background:#C05157"> Acizi</th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brønsted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acid_carboxilic" title="Acid carboxilic">Carboxilic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acid_Lewis" title="Acid Lewis">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acid_anorganic" title="Acid anorganic">Anorganic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acid_organic" title="Acid organic">Organic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acid_tare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acid tare — pagină inexistentă">Tare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superacid" title="Superacid">Superacid</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;padding:5px;color:#fff;background:#4469CC"> Baze</th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brønsted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baz%C4%83_Lewis" title="Bază Lewis">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baz%C4%83_(chimie)" title="Bază (chimie)">Anorganică</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baz%C4%83_organic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bază organică — pagină inexistentă">Organică</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baz%C4%83_tare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bază tare — pagină inexistentă">Tare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superbaz%C4%83" title="Superbază">Superbază</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align:right;font-size:115%"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Format:Acizi_%C8%99i_baze" title="Format:Acizi și baze"><abbr title="Vizualizează acest format">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Acizi_%C8%99i_baze" title="Discuție Format:Acizi și baze"><abbr title="Discută acest format">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Acizi_%C8%99i_baze&action=edit"><abbr title="Modifică acest format">m</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Teoria Brønsted-Lowry</b> este o <a href="/wiki/Teoria_acido-bazic%C4%83" title="Teoria acido-bazică">teorie acido-bazică</a>, numită și <b>teoria protolitică</b>. Conform acestei teorii , un <a href="/wiki/Acid" title="Acid">acid</a> este specia chimică cu tendința de a ceda un <a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">proton</a> (H<sup>+</sup>), iar o <a href="/wiki/Baz%C4%83_(chimie)" title="Bază (chimie)">baza</a> este specia care are tendința de a accepta un proton. Cedând un proton, acidul se transformă într-o bază, numită „baza conjugată”, iar baza care acceptă un proton, se transformă într-un acid, numit „acidul conjugat”. A fost propusă, în mod independent, de <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Nicolaus_Br%C3%B8nsted" title="Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted">Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted</a> și <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Martin_Lowry" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Martin Lowry">Thomas Martin Lowry</a> în 1923.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Autoprotolyse_eau.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Autoprotolyse_eau.svg/350px-Autoprotolyse_eau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Autoprotolyse_eau.svg/525px-Autoprotolyse_eau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Autoprotolyse_eau.svg/700px-Autoprotolyse_eau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="86" /></a><figcaption>Autoprotoliza apei: apa își manifestă caracterul de amfolit acido-bazic (<a href="/wiki/Amfoter" title="Amfoter">amfoter</a>)</figcaption></figure><div style="clear:left;"></div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definirea_acizilor_și_bazelor"><span id="Definirea_acizilor_.C8.99i_bazelor"></span>Definirea acizilor și bazelor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_acido-bazic%C4%83_Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Definirea acizilor și bazelor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_acido-bazic%C4%83_Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Definirea acizilor și bazelor"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r13393782/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:left;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption-center{text-align:center;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:251px;max-width:251px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Johannes_Br%C3%B8nsted.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Johannes_Br%C3%B8nsted.jpg/120px-Johannes_Br%C3%B8nsted.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Johannes_Br%C3%B8nsted.jpg/180px-Johannes_Br%C3%B8nsted.jpg 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href="/wiki/Johannes_Nicolaus_Br%C3%B8nsted" title="Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted">Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted</a> și <a href="/wiki/Martin_Lowry" title="Martin Lowry">Thomas Martin Lowry</a>, în mod independent, au formulat teoria conform căreia <a href="/wiki/Acid" title="Acid">acizii</a> sunt donori de protoni (H<sup>+</sup>) și bazele sunt acceptori de protoni.</div></div></div></div> <p>În cadrul teoriei disociației electrolitice a lui Arrhenius, acizii sunt definiți ca substanțele care ionizează în <a href="/wiki/Solu%C8%9Bie_apoas%C4%83" title="Soluție apoasă">soluție apoasă</a>, cedând ioni de hidrogen (protoni, H<sup>+</sup>). În mod analog, bazele sunt substanțele care ionizează în soluție apoasă, cedând ioni de <a href="/wiki/Hidroxid" title="Hidroxid">hidroxid</a> (OH<sup>−</sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>În 1923 <a href="/wiki/Chimie_fizic%C4%83" title="Chimie fizică">chimiștii fizicieni</a> Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted din Danemarca și Thomas Martin Lowry din Anglia au propus în mod independent teoria care le poartă numele.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În cadrul teoriei Brønsted–Lowry, acizii și bazele sunt definite după modul în care reacționează între ele, ceea ce îi oferă teoriei o mai mare generalitate. Definirea lor se face cu ajutorul unor reacții de echilibru: </p> <dl><dd>acid + bază ⇌ bază conjugată + acid conjugat</dd></dl> <p>Cu un <a href="/wiki/Hidracid" title="Hidracid">hidracid</a> sau alt acid notat HA, ecuația poate fi simbolizată astfel: </p> <dl><dd>HA + B ⇌ A<sup>−</sup> + HB<sup>+</sup></dd></dl> <p>Semnul pentru starea de echilibru chimic (⇌) este folosit deoarece reacția are loc constant în ambele direcții. Acidul HA cedează un proton trecând în baza sa conjugată, anionul A<sup>−</sup>. Baza B acceptă un proton trecând în acidul său conjugat, cationul HB<sup>+</sup>. Majoritatea reacțiilor acido-bazice au loc cu viteză mare, iar reactanții și produșii de reacție se află în echilibru dinamic.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Amfoliții</b> acido-bazici sunt compușii care își manifestă caracterul <a href="/wiki/Amfoter" title="Amfoter">amfoter</a> din punctul de vedere al acestei teorii. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Soluții_apoase"><span id="Solu.C8.9Bii_apoase"></span>Soluții apoase</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_acido-bazic%C4%83_Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Soluții apoase" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_acido-bazic%C4%83_Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Soluții apoase"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Acetic-acid-dissociation-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Acidul acetic, CH3COOH, este compus dintr-o grupă metil, CH3, legată de o grupă carboxil, COOH." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Acetic-acid-dissociation-3D-balls.png/350px-Acetic-acid-dissociation-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Acetic-acid-dissociation-3D-balls.png/525px-Acetic-acid-dissociation-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Acetic-acid-dissociation-3D-balls.png/700px-Acetic-acid-dissociation-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="2150" data-file-height="513" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Acid_acetic" title="Acid acetic">Acidul acetic</a>, un <a href="/wiki/Acid" title="Acid">acid</a> alb, cedează un proton (ion de hidrogen, reprezentat în verde) moleculei de apă, cu obținerea ionilor <a href="/wiki/Acetat" title="Acetat">acetat</a> și <a href="/wiki/Hidroniu" title="Hidroniu">hidroniu</a>. Reacția este una de echilibru, iar între componenți există echilibru dinamic.</figcaption></figure> <p>Avem următorul exemplu de reacție acido-bazică: </p> <dl><dd>CH<sub>3</sub>COOH + H<sub>2</sub>O ⇌ CH<sub>3</sub>COO<sup>−</sup> + H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup></dd></dl> <p><a href="/wiki/Acid_acetic" title="Acid acetic">Acidul acetic</a>, CH<sub>3</sub>COOH, este un acid deoarece donează un proton apei (H<sub>2</sub>O) devenind baza sa conjugată, anionul <a href="/wiki/Acetat" title="Acetat">acetat</a> (CH<sub>3</sub>COO<sup>−</sup>). H<sub>2</sub>O este în acest caz o bază, deoarece acceptă un proton de la CH<sub>3</sub>COOH devenind acidul său conjugat, cationul <a href="/wiki/Hidroniu" title="Hidroniu">hidroniu</a> (H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Reacția are loc și invers, aceasta fiind tot o reacție acido-bazică între acidul conjugat al bazei și baza conjugată a acidului: </p> <dl><dd>H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup> + CH<sub>3</sub>COO<sup>−</sup> ⇌ CH<sub>3</sub>COOH + H<sub>2</sub>O</dd></dl> <p>Diferența dintre teoria Brønsted–Lowry și teoria lui Arrhenius constă în faptul că un compus poate fi considerat ca fiind acid și fără să ionizeze. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_acido-bazic%C4%83_Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_acido-bazic%C4%83_Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Vezi și"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teoria_acido-bazic%C4%83" title="Teoria acido-bazică">Teoria acido-bazică</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amfoter" title="Amfoter">Amfoter</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referințe"><span id="Referin.C8.9Be"></span>Referințe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_acido-bazic%C4%83_Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Referințe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_acido-bazic%C4%83_Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Referințe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Brönsted, J. N. (<time datetime="1923">1923</time>). „Einige Bemerkungen über den Begriff der Säuren und Basen” [Some observations about the concept of acids and bases]. <i>Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas</i>. <b>42</b> (8): 718–728. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Frecl.19230420815">10.1002/recl.19230420815</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Recueil+des+Travaux+Chimiques+des+Pays-Bas&rft.atitle=Einige+Bemerkungen+%C3%BCber+den+Begriff+der+S%C3%A4uren+und+Basen&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=718-728&rft.date=1923&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Frecl.19230420815&rft.au=Br%C3%B6nsted%2C+J.+N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ATeoria+acido-bazic%C4%83+Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Lowry, T. M. (<time datetime="1923">1923</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/ost-chemistry-chemistryindustr01soci/chemistryindustr01soci#page/n65/mode/2up">„The uniqueness of hydrogen”</a>. <i>Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry</i>. <b>42</b> (3): 43–47. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fjctb.5000420302">10.1002/jctb.5000420302</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Society+of+Chemical+Industry&rft.atitle=The+uniqueness+of+hydrogen&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=43-47&rft.date=1923&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fjctb.5000420302&rft.au=Lowry%2C+T.+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fost-chemistry-chemistryindustr01soci%2Fchemistryindustr01soci%23page%2Fn65%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ATeoria+acido-bazic%C4%83+Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Myers, Richard (<time datetime="2003">2003</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oS50J3-IfZsC&pg=PA157"><i>The Basics of Chemistry</i></a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 157–161. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-0-313-31664-7" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-0-313-31664-7">978-0-313-31664-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Basics+of+Chemistry&rft.pages=157-161&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-313-31664-7&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoS50J3-IfZsC%26pg%3DPA157&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ATeoria+acido-bazic%C4%83+Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Masterton, William; Hurley, Cecile; Neth, Edward (<time datetime="2011">2011</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=udUIAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT433"><i>Chemistry: Principles and Reactions</i></a>. Cengage Learning. p. 433. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/1-133-38694-6" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/1-133-38694-6">1-133-38694-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chemistry%3A+Principles+and+Reactions&rft.pages=433&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=1-133-38694-6&rft.aulast=Masterton&rft.aufirst=William&rft.au=Hurley%2C+Cecile&rft.au=Neth%2C+Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DudUIAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT433&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ATeoria+acido-bazic%C4%83+Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Ebbing, Darrell; Gammon, Steven D. 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Cengage Learning. pp. 644–645. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0-538-49752-1" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/0-538-49752-1">0-538-49752-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=General+Chemistry%2C+Enhanced+Edition&rft.pages=644-645&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=0-538-49752-1&rft.aulast=Ebbing&rft.aufirst=Darrell&rft.au=Gammon%2C+Steven+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8_7iGj4QLR4C%26pg%3DPA644&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ATeoria+acido-bazic%C4%83+Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Whitten, Kenneth; Davis, Raymond; Peck, Larry; Stanley, George (<time datetime="2013">2013</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XQiu_E72llkC&pg=PA350"><i>Chemistry</i></a>. Cengage Learning. p. 350. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/1-133-61066-8" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/1-133-61066-8">1-133-61066-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chemistry&rft.pages=350&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=1-133-61066-8&rft.aulast=Whitten&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.au=Davis%2C+Raymond&rft.au=Peck%2C+Larry&rft.au=Stanley%2C+George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXQiu_E72llkC%26pg%3DPA350&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ATeoria+acido-bazic%C4%83+Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Lew, Kristi (<time datetime="2009">2009</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Acids_and_Bases.html?id=QHrzG6CaVIwC"><i>Acids and Bases</i></a>. Infobase Publishing. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/9780791097830" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/9780791097830">9780791097830</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Acids+and+Bases&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780791097830&rft.aulast=Lew&rft.aufirst=Kristi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FAcids_and_Bases.html%3Fid%3DQHrzG6CaVIwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ATeoria+acido-bazic%C4%83+Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPatrick2012" class="citation book">Patrick, Graham (<time datetime="2012">2012</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nlx6AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA76"><i>Instant Notes in Organic Chemistry</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 76. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-1-135-32125-3" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-1-135-32125-3">978-1-135-32125-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Instant+Notes+in+Organic+Chemistry&rft.pages=76&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-135-32125-3&rft.aulast=Patrick&rft.aufirst=Graham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dnlx6AgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA76&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ATeoria+acido-bazic%C4%83+Br%C3%B8nsted-Lowry" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Adus de la <a dir="ltr" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Teoria_acido-bazică_Brønsted-Lowry&oldid=15631786">https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Teoria_acido-bazică_Brønsted-Lowry&oldid=15631786</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categorii" title="Special:Categorii">Categorii</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Chimie_fizic%C4%83" title="Categorie:Chimie fizică">Chimie fizică</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Chimie_analitic%C4%83" title="Categorie:Chimie analitică">Chimie analitică</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Chimie_acido-bazic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Chimie acido-bazică — pagină inexistentă">Chimie acido-bazică</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ultima editare a paginii a fost efectuată la 30 martie 2023, ora 14:42.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Acest text este disponibil sub licența <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ro">Creative Commons cu atribuire și distribuire în condiții identice</a>; pot exista și clauze suplimentare. 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