{"title":"The Evaluation of Costs and Greenhouse Gas Reduction Using Technologies for Energy from Sewage Sludge","authors":"Futoshi Kakuta, Takashi Ishida","volume":108,"journal":"International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","pagesStart":1604,"pagesEnd":1610,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/10003207","abstract":"Sewage sludge is a biomass resource that can create a\r\nsolid fuel and electricity. Utilizing sewage sludge as a renewable\r\nenergy can contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gases. In Japan,\r\nthe \"National Plan for the Promotion of Biomass Utilization\" and the\r\n\u201cPriority Plan for Social Infrastructure Development\" were approved\r\nat cabinet meetings in December 2010 and August 2012, respectively,\r\nto promote the energy utilization of sewage sludge. This study\r\ninvestigated costs and greenhouse gas emission in different sewage\r\nsludge treatments with technologies for energy from sewage sludge.\r\nExpenses were estimated based on capital costs and O&M costs\r\nincluding energy consumption of solid fuel plants and biogas power\r\ngeneration plants for sewage sludge. Results showed that the cost of\r\nsludge digestion treatment with solid fuel technologies was 8% lower\r\nthan landfill disposal. The greenhouse gas emission of sludge\r\ndigestion treatment with solid fuel technologies was also 6,390t as\r\nCO2 smaller than landfill disposal. Biogas power generation reduced\r\nthe electricity of a wastewater treatment plant by 30% and the cost by\r\n5%.","references":"[1] Basic Plan on Promotion of Biomass Utilization (2010): Ministry of\r\nAgriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, pp11.\r\n[2] Third Priority Plan for Social Infrastructure Development (2012):\r\nMinistry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism, p79.\r\n[3] Sewerage Works in Japan (2014): Japan Sewage Works Association,\r\npp84.\r\n[4] Guidelines for Sewage Sludge Energy Generation Technology Revised\r\n(2015): Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, Water\r\nand Disaster Management Bureau, Sewerage and Wastewater\r\nDepartment, pp29-29.\r\n[5] Master Plan Manual for Usage of Biosolids (Comprehensive Plans for\r\nSewage Sludge Treatment) (2004): Ministry of Land, Infrastructure,\r\nTransport and Tourism, City and Regional Development Bureau and\r\nSewage Works Association, pp77-87.","publisher":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology","index":"Open Science Index 108, 2015"}