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user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_it.wikipedia.org&uselang=it" class=""><span>Fai una donazione</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:CreaUtenza&returnto=Distruttore+%28informatica%29" title="Si consiglia di registrarsi e di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio" class=""><span>registrati</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Entra&returnto=Distruttore+%28informatica%29" title="Si consiglia di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>entra</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Altre opzioni" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Strumenti personali" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Strumenti personali</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu utente" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagine per utenti anonimi <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Benvenuto" aria-label="Ulteriori informazioni sulla contribuzione"><span>ulteriori informazioni</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieiContributi" title="Un elenco delle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>contributi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieDiscussioni" title="Discussioni sulle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>discussioni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sito"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Indice" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Uso" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uso"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Uso</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Uso-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Uso</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Uso-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Linguaggi_garbage_collected" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Linguaggi_garbage_collected"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Linguaggi <i>garbage collected</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Linguaggi_garbage_collected-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Linguaggi_di_programmazione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Linguaggi_di_programmazione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Linguaggi di programmazione</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Linguaggi_di_programmazione-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Linguaggi di programmazione</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Linguaggi_di_programmazione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-C++" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#C++"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>C++</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-C++-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-C#" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#C#"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>C#</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-C#-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-PHP" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#PHP"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>PHP</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-PHP-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-PHP_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#PHP_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>PHP 4</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-PHP_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-PHP_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#PHP_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2</span> <span>PHP 5</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-PHP_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Distruttore (informatica)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 22 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B1_(%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A8)" title="مدمر (برمجة حاسوب) - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مدمر (برمجة حاسوب)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destruktor" title="Destruktor - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Destruktor" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructor_(computer_programming)" title="Destructor (computer programming) - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Destructor (computer programming)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructor_(inform%C3%A1tica)" title="Destructor (informática) - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Destructor (informática)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%A8_(%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87)" title="مخرب (برنامه‌نویسی رایانه) - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مخرب (برنامه‌نویسی رایانه)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructeur" title="Destructeur - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Destructeur" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destruktor" title="Destruktor - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Destruktor" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BF" title="デストラクタ - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="デストラクタ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EB%A9%B8%EC%9E%90_(%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%98%EB%B0%8D)" title="소멸자 (컴퓨터 프로그래밍) - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소멸자 (컴퓨터 프로그래밍)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destruktorius_(programavimas)" title="Destruktorius (programavimas) - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Destruktorius (programavimas)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Деструктор - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Деструктор" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructor_(informatica)" title="Destructor (informatica) - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Destructor (informatica)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destruktor" title="Destruktor - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Destruktor" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destrutor_(programa%C3%A7%C3%A3o)" title="Destrutor (programação) - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Destrutor (programação)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Деструктор - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Деструктор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destruktor" title="Destruktor - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Destruktor" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destruktori" title="Destruktori - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Destruktori" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destruktor" title="Destruktor - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Destruktor" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F)" title="Деструктор (програмування) - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Деструктор (програмування)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A0m_h%E1%BB%A7y_(l%E1%BA%ADp_tr%C3%ACnh_m%C3%A1y_t%C3%ADnh)" title="Hàm hủy (lập trình máy tính) - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hàm hủy (lập trình máy tính)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%A7%8B%E5%AD%90" title="解構子 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="解構子" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%A7%8B%E5%AD%90" title="解構子 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="解構子" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q735151#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Distruttore_(informatica)" title="Vedi la voce [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Voce</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussione:Distruttore_(informatica)&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Vedi le discussioni relative a questa pagina (la pagina non esiste) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussione</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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href="/wiki/Distruttore_(informatica)"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=history" title="Versioni precedenti di questa pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Strumenti" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Strumenti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Strumenti</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Altre opzioni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Azioni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Distruttore_(informatica)"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=history"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generale </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PuntanoQui/Distruttore_(informatica)" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine che sono collegate a questa [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Puntano qui</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:ModificheCorrelate/Distruttore_(informatica)" rel="nofollow" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche alle pagine collegate a questa [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Modifiche correlate</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PagineSpeciali" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine speciali [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pagine speciali</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&oldid=141195848" title="Collegamento permanente a questa versione di questa pagina"><span>Link permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=info" title="Ulteriori informazioni su questa pagina"><span>Informazioni pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Cita&page=Distruttore_%28informatica%29&id=141195848&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informazioni su come citare questa 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presenti sono insufficienti</b>. <div class="hide-when-compact"> <div class="noprint"><hr />Puoi <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=edit">migliorare questa voce</a> aggiungendo citazioni da <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Fonti_attendibili" title="Wikipedia:Fonti attendibili">fonti attendibili</a> secondo le <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">linee guida sull'uso delle fonti</a>. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r133964453"><div style="" class="ambox metadata plainlinks avviso avviso-contenuto"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-important.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Voce da controllare"><img alt="Voce da controllare" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/40px-Emblem-important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/60px-Emblem-important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/80px-Emblem-important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa voce o sezione  sull'argomento informatica è ritenuta <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Voci_da_controllare" title="Aiuto:Voci da controllare">da controllare</a></b>. <div class="hide-when-compact"><b>Motivo</b>: <i>Come la voce sul costruttore, contiene imprecisioni ed elementi C++-centrici. Non è propriamente vero che il distruttore ha "lo scopo" di liberare risorse; non in tutti i modelli viene considerato "un metodo"; che debba essere necessariamente pubblico è sicuramente affermazione legata a qualche particolare linguaggio, ecc. Vedere la voce di en</i> <div class="noprint"><hr />Partecipa alla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussione:Distruttore_(informatica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussione:Distruttore (informatica) (la pagina non esiste)">discussione</a> e/o <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=edit">correggi</a> la voce. Segui i suggerimenti del <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Informatica" title="Progetto:Informatica">progetto di riferimento</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>I <b>distruttori</b>, in <a href="/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica">informatica</a> e specificamente nella <a href="/wiki/Programmazione_orientata_agli_oggetti" title="Programmazione orientata agli oggetti">programmazione orientata agli oggetti</a>, sono degli eventi particolari che vengono invocati automaticamente quando l'<a href="/wiki/Oggetto_(informatica)" title="Oggetto (informatica)">oggetto</a> viene distrutto.<br /> Sono stati concepiti per liberare le risorse utilizzate dall'oggetto, definite dalla loro classe e create dal corrispondente <a href="/wiki/Costruttore_(informatica)" title="Costruttore (informatica)">costruttore</a> ed eventualmente le altre risorse allocate dinamicamente durante l'esecuzione dei metodi dell'oggetto stesso. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uso">Uso</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Uso" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Uso"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nella creazione del codice di un distruttore occorre agire con particolare attenzione, in quanto per evitare fenomeni di <i><a href="/wiki/Memory_leak" title="Memory leak">memory leak</a></i> si deve essere certi che tutte le <a href="/wiki/Strutture_dati" class="mw-redirect" title="Strutture dati">strutture dati</a> liberino correttamente la memoria da loro utilizzata compresa quella eventualmente utilizzata da altre strutture annidate al loro interno. </p><p>Il distruttore, a differenza del <a href="/wiki/Costruttore_(informatica)" title="Costruttore (informatica)">costruttore</a>, non può accettare nessun tipo di parametro, perché se non chiamato esplicitamente, sarà il compilatore a inserire a fine programma la chiamata al distruttore. Per questo motivo, per ogni classe può esserci un solo distruttore, rendendo impossibile l'<i><a href="/wiki/Overloading" title="Overloading">overloading</a></i>. </p><p>Non è obbligatorio che un distruttore sia dichiarato <code>public.</code> L'esempio: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-cpp mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">A</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{}</span><span class="w"> </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">;}</span><span class="w"> </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span><span class="p">};</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argc</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">[])</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ok</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="9"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// A b(1); <----- non ammesso perché il distruttore è privato (error C2248: 'A::~A' : cannot access private member declared in class 'A')</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="10"></span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p>compila perfettamente ma impedisce che un oggetto di classe A venga istanziato sullo stack ma consente che venga istanziato sullo <i><a href="/wiki/Heap_(gestione_della_memoria)" class="mw-redirect" title="Heap (gestione della memoria)">heap</a></i>. È ovvio tuttavia che un metodo di distruzione debba essere fornito all'utente il quale, a questo punto, può accettare anche dei parametri e tornare dei valori. Esempio: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-cpp mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">A</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="k">static</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">){</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span><span class="k">static</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">;}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span><span class="p">};</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="9"></span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argc</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">[])</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="10"></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="11"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="12"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">Delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="c1">// b=1</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="13"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">Delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// b=0</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="14"></span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Linguaggi_garbage_collected">Linguaggi <i>garbage collected</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Linguaggi garbage collected" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Linguaggi garbage collected"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nei linguaggi che mettono a disposizione un <i><a href="/wiki/Garbage_collector" class="mw-redirect" title="Garbage collector">garbage collector</a></i>, il distruttore è spesso inutile in quanto le risorse occupate da un oggetto vengono automaticamente liberate nel momento in cui non c'è più nessun riferimento all'oggetto stesso. In questi linguaggi è generalmente possibile utilizzare o definire ugualmente appositi metodi per ottenere il medesimo effetto, nei casi in cui si desideri disattivare il garbage collector, in quanto per alcuni task critici potrebbe risultare troppo inefficiente. Esempio di linguaggi di programmazione fra i più conosciuti a utilizzare il meccanismo della <i>garbage collection</i> sono <a href="/wiki/Java_(linguaggio_di_programmazione)" title="Java (linguaggio di programmazione)">Java</a> e la versione 2 di <a href="/wiki/Objective-C" title="Objective-C">Objective-C</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Linguaggi_di_programmazione">Linguaggi di programmazione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Linguaggi di programmazione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Linguaggi di programmazione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="C++"><span id="C.2B.2B"></span>C++</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione C++" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: C++"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In C++ l'implementazione esplicita del distruttore è solitamente necessaria nell'implementazione di classi che gestiscono risorse. In accordo alla <a href="/wiki/Regola_del_tre_(C%2B%2B)" title="Regola del tre (C++)">regola del tre</a>, solitamente l'implementazione del distruttore è accompagnata dall'implementazione di un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Costruttore_di_copia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Costruttore di copia (la pagina non esiste)">costruttore di copia</a> e di un <a href="/wiki/Operatore_di_assegnamento" title="Operatore di assegnamento">operatore di assegnamento</a>. </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-cpp mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Point</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Point</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Costruttore di default</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">Point</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Distruttore</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ... altri metodi ...</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="9"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">y</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="10"></span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="C#"><span id="C.23"></span>C#</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione C#" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: C#"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Questo linguaggio possiede il <i>garbage collection</i> rendendo poco usati i distruttori </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-csharp mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Punto</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">float</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">y</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">Punto</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Distruttore</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ... codice qui ...</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="PHP">PHP</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione PHP" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: PHP"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="PHP_4">PHP 4</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione PHP 4" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: PHP 4"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nella versione 4 (e precedenti) di PHP non esisteva il distruttore. Era presente una semplice gestione degli oggetti con l'uso dei <a href="/wiki/Costruttore_(informatica)" title="Costruttore (informatica)">costruttori</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="PHP_5">PHP 5</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione PHP 5" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: PHP 5"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nella versione 5 il nome della funzione deve essere <code>__destructor()</code>. </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-php mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Point</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">private</span> <span class="nv">$x</span><span class="p">;;</span> <span class="k">private</span> <span class="nv">$y</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">__destructor</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="c1">// ... codice qui ...</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Costruttore_(informatica)" title="Costruttore (informatica)">Costruttore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programmazione_orientata_agli_oggetti" title="Programmazione orientata agli oggetti">Programmazione orientata agli oggetti</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Distruttore_(informatica)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFFOLDOC" class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Denis Howe, <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="https://foldoc.org/destructor" class="extiw" title="foldoc:destructor">destructor</a></span>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Free_On-line_Dictionary_of_Computing" title="Free On-line Dictionary of Computing">Free On-line Dictionary of Computing</a></span>.</cite> Disponibile con licenza <a href="/wiki/GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="GNU Free Documentation License">GFDL</a></li></ul> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-grow: 1"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}</style><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Computer_n_screen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Informatica"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Computer_n_screen.svg/24px-Computer_n_screen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Computer_n_screen.svg/37px-Computer_n_screen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Computer_n_screen.svg/48px-Computer_n_screen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="119" data-file-height="123" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Informatica" title="Portale:Informatica">Portale Informatica</a></b>: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di informatica</div></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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