Hubble Space Telescope - Astrophysics

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Launched in 1990 by the Space Shuttle Discovery, Hubble orbits Earth at an altitude of approximately 547 kilometers (340 miles). It is a joint project between NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA).</div><div><a href="https://theastrophysics.com/knowledgebase/why-is-hubble-important-for-astrophysics" title="Why is Hubble Important for Astrophysics?"><h3>Why is Hubble Important for Astrophysics?</h3></a>Hubble has significantly advanced the field of <a href="https://theastrophysics.com/about/index/astrophysics" title="astrophysics" target="_blank">astrophysics</a> by providing high-resolution images and spectra across a range of wavelengths from the ultraviolet through the visible to the near-infrared. Unlike ground-based telescopes, Hubble operates above Earth's atmosphere, which allows it to observe celestial objects without the distortion caused by atmospheric turbulence.</div><div><a href="https://theastrophysics.com/knowledgebase/what-are-some-of-hubble-s-key-discoveries" title="What are Some of Hubble's Key Discoveries?"><h3>What are Some of Hubble's Key Discoveries?</h3></a>Hubble has contributed to numerous groundbreaking discoveries. Some of its most significant contributions include:</div><div> <a href="https://theastrophysics.com/about/index/determining-the-rate-of-expansion-of-the-universe" title="Determining the rate of expansion of the universe" target="_blank">Determining the rate of expansion of the universe</a>, leading to the concept of dark energy.<br> Observing the <a href="https://theastrophysics.com/about/index/birth-and-death-of-stars" title="birth and death of stars" target="_blank">birth and death of stars</a> and providing insights into stellar evolution.<br> Mapping the <a href="https://theastrophysics.com/about/index/distribution-of-dark-matter" title="distribution of dark matter" target="_blank">distribution of dark matter</a> in galaxy clusters.<br> Discovering <a href="https://theastrophysics.com/about/index/exoplanets" title="exoplanets" target="_blank">exoplanets</a> and studying their atmospheres.<br> Providing detailed images of distant galaxies, contributing to our understanding of <a href="https://theastrophysics.com/about/index/galaxy-formation-and-evolution" title="galaxy formation and evolution" target="_blank">galaxy formation and evolution</a>.</div><div><a href="https://theastrophysics.com/knowledgebase/how-does-hubble-capture-images-and-data" title="How Does Hubble Capture Images and Data?"><h3>How Does Hubble Capture Images and Data?</h3></a>Hubble is equipped with a variety of scientific instruments. The primary instruments include the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3), the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS), the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS), and the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS). These instruments allow Hubble to capture images and spectra in different wavelength ranges, serving different scientific objectives.</div><div><a href="https://theastrophysics.com/knowledgebase/what-challenges-has-hubble-faced" title="What Challenges Has Hubble Faced?"><h3>What Challenges Has Hubble Faced?</h3></a>Despite its successes, Hubble has faced several challenges. Shortly after its launch, it was discovered that the telescope's primary mirror had a <a href="https://theastrophysics.com/about/index/spherical-aberration" title="spherical aberration" target="_blank">spherical aberration</a> due to a manufacturing flaw, which initially rendered its images blurry. This issue was corrected during a servicing mission in 1993, when astronauts installed corrective optics. Hubble has undergone multiple servicing missions to upgrade its instruments and extend its operational life.</div><div><a href="https://theastrophysics.com/knowledgebase/what-is-the-future-of-hubble" title="What is the Future of Hubble?"><h3>What is the Future of Hubble?</h3></a>Hubble continues to operate and provide valuable data, but it is expected to be succeeded by the <a href="https://theastrophysics.com/about/index/james-webb-space-telescope" title="James Webb Space Telescope" target="_blank">James Webb Space Telescope</a> (JWST). Scheduled for launch in the near future, JWST will observe in the infrared spectrum and is designed to complement and extend Hubble's discoveries. However, Hubble is still expected to operate for several more years, continuing to make significant contributions to astrophysics.</div><div><a href="https://theastrophysics.com/knowledgebase/how-can-scientists-access-hubble-s-data" title="How Can Scientists Access Hubble's Data?"><h3>How Can Scientists Access Hubble's Data?</h3></a>Hubble's data is publicly available through the <a href="https://theastrophysics.com/about/index/mikulski-archive-for-space-telescopes" title="Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes" target="_blank">Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes</a> (MAST). Scientists worldwide can access this archive to conduct research and further our understanding of the universe. The open access to Hubble's vast data has democratized astronomical research and fostered numerous scientific collaborations.</div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3>The Hubble Space Telescope has been an invaluable tool for the field of astrophysics. Its ability to capture high-resolution images and spectra from space has led to groundbreaking discoveries and a deeper understanding of the cosmos. As we look forward to new missions like the James Webb Space Telescope, Hubble's legacy will continue to influence the study of the universe for generations to come.</div></div> </div> <div id="recent_papers"> <br><hr /><br><h2 class="heading1">Relevant Publications</h2> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38418881" target='_blank' title="The Dimorphos ejecta plume properties revealed by LICIACube.">The Dimorphos ejecta plume properties revealed by LICIACube.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2024</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38383623" target='_blank' title="A lanthanide-rich kilonova in the aftermath of a long gamma-ray burst.">A lanthanide-rich kilonova in the aftermath of a long gamma-ray burst.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2024</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38400307" target='_blank' title="Hubble Meets Webb: Image-to-Image Translation in Astronomy.">Hubble Meets Webb: Image-to-Image Translation in Astronomy.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2024</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38394584" target='_blank' title="Insights from HST into Ultramassive Galaxies and Early-Universe Cosmology.">Insights from HST into Ultramassive Galaxies and Early-Universe Cosmology.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2024</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38610490" target='_blank' title="Design and Preliminary Ground Experiment for Deployable Sunshade Structures of a Modular Space Telescope.">Design and Preliminary Ground Experiment for Deployable Sunshade Structures of a Modular Space Telescope.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2024</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39058782" target='_blank' title="Martian atmospheric hydrogen and deuterium: Seasonal changes and paradigm for escape to space.">Martian atmospheric hydrogen and deuterium: Seasonal changes and paradigm for escape to space.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2024</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38736339" target='_blank' title="Cosmic dust impacts on the Hubble Space Telescope.">Cosmic dust impacts on the Hubble Space Telescope.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2024</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38355772" target='_blank' title="A population of faint, old, and massive quiescent galaxies at [Formula: see text] revealed by JWST NIRSpec Spectroscopy.">A population of faint, old, and massive quiescent galaxies at [Formula: see text] revealed by JWST NIRSpec Spectroscopy.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2024</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38269149" target='_blank' title="A massive compact quiescent galaxy at = 2 with a complete Einstein ring in JWST imaging.">A massive compact quiescent galaxy at = 2 with a complete Einstein ring in JWST imaging.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2023</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36858074" target='_blank' title="Ejecta from the DART-produced active asteroid Dimorphos.">Ejecta from the DART-produced active asteroid Dimorphos.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2023</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37995214" target='_blank' title="Extremely large telescopes at risk.">Extremely large telescopes at risk.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2023</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36763430" target='_blank' title="Casimir Self-Interaction Energy Density of Quantum Electrodynamic Fields.">Casimir Self-Interaction Energy Density of Quantum Electrodynamic Fields.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2023</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35865009" target='_blank' title="Jupiter\'s X-Ray and UV Dark Polar Region.">Jupiter\'s X-Ray and UV Dark Polar Region.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2022</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36352131" target='_blank' title="Shock cooling of a red-supergiant supernova at redshift 3 in lensed images.">Shock cooling of a red-supergiant supernova at redshift 3 in lensed images.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2022</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33211653" target='_blank' title="DiCoDiLe: Distributed Convolutional Dictionary Learning.">DiCoDiLe: Distributed Convolutional Dictionary Learning.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2022</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35859197" target='_blank' title="Extended far-ultraviolet emission in distant dwarf galaxies.">Extended far-ultraviolet emission in distant dwarf galaxies.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2022</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36352131" target='_blank' title="Shock cooling of a red-supergiant supernova at redshift 3 in lensed images.">Shock cooling of a red-supergiant supernova at redshift 3 in lensed images.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2022</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36224419" target='_blank' title="Optical superluminal motion measurement in the neutron-star merger GW170817.">Optical superluminal motion measurement in the neutron-star merger GW170817.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2022</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34554328" target='_blank' title="Electronic and physical studies for Teflon FEP as a thermal control in low earth orbit reinforced with ZnO and SiO nanoparticles.">Electronic and physical studies for Teflon FEP as a thermal control in low earth orbit reinforced with ZnO and SiO nanoparticles.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2021</p> </div> <div class='publication-block'> <div style='margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;'> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35673553" target='_blank' title="Disentangling atmospheric compositions of K2-18 b with next generation facilities.">Disentangling atmospheric compositions of K2-18 b with next generation facilities.</a> </div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> 2021</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="way2buy_left_banner_1" class="rightads"></div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 mt-50"> <style> .qa-container1 { width: 100%; max-width: 800px; text-align: left; } .qa-item1 { margin: 10px 0; 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