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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Developments since 2013</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Developments_since_2013-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Developments since 2013 subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Developments_since_2013-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cancellation_of_EU_Association_Agreement_and_accession_to_the_Eurasian_Customs_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cancellation_of_EU_Association_Agreement_and_accession_to_the_Eurasian_Customs_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Cancellation of EU Association Agreement and accession to the Eurasian Customs Union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cancellation_of_EU_Association_Agreement_and_accession_to_the_Eurasian_Customs_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gyumri_murders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gyumri_murders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Gyumri murders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gyumri_murders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relations_under_Nikol_Pashinyan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relations_under_Nikol_Pashinyan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Relations under Nikol Pashinyan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relations_under_Nikol_Pashinyan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Impact_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impact_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Impact_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_union_and_cooperation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_union_and_cooperation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Military union and cooperation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_union_and_cooperation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Resident_diplomatic_missions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Resident_diplomatic_missions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Resident diplomatic missions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Resident_diplomatic_missions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Armenia–Russia relations</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="العلاقات الأرمنية الروسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="العلاقات الأرمنية الروسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erm%C9%99nistan%E2%80%93Rusiya_m%C3%BCnasib%C9%99tl%C9%99ri" title="Ermənistan–Rusiya münasibətləri – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ermənistan–Rusiya münasibətləri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Отношения между Армения и Русия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Отношения между Армения и Русия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenisch-russische_Beziehungen" title="Armenisch-russische Beziehungen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Armenisch-russische Beziehungen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relations_entre_l%27Arm%C3%A9nie_et_la_Russie" title="Relations entre l'Arménie et la Russie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Relations entre l'Arménie et la Russie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5-%D5%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Հայ-ռուսական հարաբերություններ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հայ-ռուսական հարաբերություններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%97%D7%A1%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94%E2%80%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%94" title="יחסי ארמניה–רוסיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יחסי ארמניה–רוסיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%97-%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="სომხეთ-რუსეთის ურთიერთობები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სომხეთ-რუსეთის ურთიერთობები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rela%C3%A7%C3%B5es_entre_Arm%C3%AAnia_e_R%C3%BAssia" title="Relações entre Armênia e Rússia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Relações entre Armênia e Rússia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Армяно-российские отношения – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Армяно-российские отношения" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E2%80%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ความสัมพันธ์อาร์มีเนีย–รัสเซีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ความสัมพันธ์อาร์มีเนีย–รัสเซีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ermenistan-Rusya_ili%C5%9Fkileri" title="Ermenistan-Rusya ilişkileri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ermenistan-Rusya ilişkileri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quan_h%E1%BB%87_Armenia_-_Nga" title="Quan hệ Armenia - Nga – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quan hệ Armenia - Nga" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%BE%8E%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E2%80%94%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82" title="亞美尼亞—俄羅斯關係 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="亞美尼亞—俄羅斯關係" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1978750#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="View the content page [c]" 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><caption class="infobox-title">Armenia–Russia relations</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Armenia_Russia_Locator.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map indicating locations of Armenia and Russia"><img alt="Map indicating locations of Armenia and Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Armenia_Russia_Locator.png/250px-Armenia_Russia_Locator.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Armenia_Russia_Locator.png/375px-Armenia_Russia_Locator.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Armenia_Russia_Locator.png/500px-Armenia_Russia_Locator.png 2x" data-file-width="1256" data-file-height="792" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey"></th></tr><tr style="height:0.6em"> <td style="background:#339933;"></td> <td style="background:#E08020;"></td> </tr><tr> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/90px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/120px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a></th> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/68px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/90px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></th> </tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey">Diplomatic mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Lazarev_Institute_of_Oriental_Languages" title="Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages">Embassy of Armenia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;">Embassy of Russia, <a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Armenian_%26_Russian_flags_in_Gyumri.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Armenian_%26_Russian_flags_in_Gyumri.jpg/250px-Armenian_%26_Russian_flags_in_Gyumri.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Armenian_%26_Russian_flags_in_Gyumri.jpg/375px-Armenian_%26_Russian_flags_in_Gyumri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Armenian_%26_Russian_flags_in_Gyumri.jpg/500px-Armenian_%26_Russian_flags_in_Gyumri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Armenian and Russian flags in <a href="/wiki/Gyumri" title="Gyumri">Gyumri</a>, Armenia</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Bilateralism" title="Bilateralism">Bilateral relations</a> between modern-day <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian Federation</a> were established on 3 April 1992, though Russia has been an <a href="/wiki/Special_relationship_(international_relations)" title="Special relationship (international relations)">important actor</a> in Armenia since the early 19th century. The two countries' historic relationship has its roots in the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Persian_War_(1826%E2%80%931828)" title="Russo-Persian War (1826–1828)">Russo-Persian War</a> of 1826 to 1828 between the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Qajar_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Qajar Persia">Qajar Persia</a> after which <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Armenia" title="Eastern Armenia">Eastern Armenia</a> was ceded to Russia. Moreover, Russia was viewed as a protector of the <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christian</a> subjects in the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Armenians" title="Armenians">Armenians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">dissolution</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, Armenia has shared Russia's approach aimed at strengthening the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a> (CIS). Armenia and Russia are both members of a military alliance, the <a href="/wiki/Collective_Security_Treaty_Organization" title="Collective Security Treaty Organization">Collective Security Treaty Organization</a> (CSTO), along with four other ex-Soviet countries, a relationship that Armenia finds essential to its security. Among the contracts and the agreements, which determine intergovernmental relations—a treaty of friendship, collaboration and mutual aid of 29 August 1997 are a number of the documents, which regulate bases of <a href="/wiki/Russian_military" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian military">Russian military</a> units and liaisons in Armenia. Armenia became a full member of the <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Economic_Union" title="Eurasian Economic Union">Eurasian Economic Union</a> on 2 January 2015. </p><p>In recent years, however, relations between Armenia and Russia have begun to deteriorate due to events such as the <a href="/wiki/2018_Armenian_Revolution" title="2018 Armenian Revolution">2018 Armenian Revolution</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War">2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/September_2022_Armenia%E2%80%93Azerbaijan_clashes" title="September 2022 Armenia–Azerbaijan clashes">September 2022 Armenia–Azerbaijan clashes</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> and especially the <a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Nagorno-Karabakh" title="Blockade of Nagorno-Karabakh">2022–2023 Blockade of Nagorno-Karabakh</a>, the <a href="/wiki/2023_Azerbaijani_offensive_in_Nagorno-Karabakh" title="2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh">2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Flight_of_Nagorno-Karabakh_Armenians" title="Flight of Nagorno-Karabakh Armenians">Flight of Nagorno-Karabakh Armenians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenia%E2%80%93Russia_relations&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_in_Armenia_14-15_September_2001-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Vladimir_Putin_in_Armenia_14-15_September_2001-1.jpg/220px-Vladimir_Putin_in_Armenia_14-15_September_2001-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Vladimir_Putin_in_Armenia_14-15_September_2001-1.jpg/330px-Vladimir_Putin_in_Armenia_14-15_September_2001-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Vladimir_Putin_in_Armenia_14-15_September_2001-1.jpg/440px-Vladimir_Putin_in_Armenia_14-15_September_2001-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="334" /></a><figcaption>Vladimir Putin in Armenia, 2001</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Armenia–Turkey relations">Armenia–Turkey relations</a></div> <p>The significant part of the territory currently belonging to Armenia was incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> pursuant to the 1828 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Turkmenchay" title="Treaty of Turkmenchay">Treaty of Turkmenchay</a> signed between Russia and <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a> following the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Persian_War_(1826%E2%80%9328)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russo-Persian War (1826–28)">Russo-Persian War (1826–28)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Bilateral relations</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><caption class="infobox-title">Armenian SSR–RSFSR relations</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey"></th></tr><tr> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281952%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic">Armenian SSR</a></th> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic_%281954%E2%80%931991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a></th> </tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p>After the 1917 <a href="/wiki/Russian_Revolution" title="Russian Revolution">Russian Revolution</a>, Armenia gained short-lived independence as the <a href="/wiki/First_Republic_of_Armenia" title="First Republic of Armenia">First Republic of Armenia</a>. By 1920, the state was incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Transcaucasian_Socialist_Federative_Soviet_Republic" title="Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic">Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic</a>, a founding member of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> that was formally constituted in 1922. In 1936, the Transcaucasian state was dissolved, leaving its constituent states, including the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic">Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic</a>, as full <a href="/wiki/Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Republics of the Soviet Union">Union republics</a>. </p><p>The modern Armenia became independent in 1991 as a consequence of the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">dissolution of the Soviet Union</a> due to the <a href="/wiki/1991_Soviet_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt">failed coup</a> that happened in August. Armenia boycotted the <a href="/wiki/1991_Soviet_Union_referendum" title="1991 Soviet Union referendum">union-wide preservation vote</a> earlier that year. </p><p>The Russian Federation, the successor state of the Soviet Union, is believed to have been instrumental in achieving victory by Armenians in the <a href="/wiki/First_Nagorno-Karabakh_War" title="First Nagorno-Karabakh War">First Nagorno-Karabakh War</a> (1988–1994). In 2013, the deputy prime minister of Azerbaijan <a href="/wiki/Ali_S._Hasanov" title="Ali S. Hasanov">Ali S. Hasanov</a> said, "We need to become much stronger so that if we become involved in combat in Nagorno-Karabakh we can stand up to Russian troops, because that is who we will have to face. Did Armenia occupy our territories? Do you think Armenia's power is sufficient for that?”<sup id="cite_ref-facerussia_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-facerussia-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Developments_since_2013">Developments since 2013</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenia%E2%80%93Russia_relations&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Developments since 2013"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cancellation_of_EU_Association_Agreement_and_accession_to_the_Eurasian_Customs_Union">Cancellation of EU Association Agreement and accession to the Eurasian Customs Union</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenia%E2%80%93Russia_relations&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cancellation of EU Association Agreement and accession to the Eurasian Customs Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Armenia#Cancellation_of_EU_Association_Agreement" title="Republican Party of Armenia">Republican Party of Armenia § Cancellation of EU Association Agreement</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Opening_of_Days_of_Armenian_Culture_in_Russia.webm/220px--Opening_of_Days_of_Armenian_Culture_in_Russia.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="708" data-mwtitle="Opening_of_Days_of_Armenian_Culture_in_Russia.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Opening_of_Days_of_Armenian_Culture_in_Russia.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/Opening_of_Days_of_Armenian_Culture_in_Russia.webm/Opening_of_Days_of_Armenian_Culture_in_Russia.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/Opening_of_Days_of_Armenian_Culture_in_Russia.webm/Opening_of_Days_of_Armenian_Culture_in_Russia.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Opening_of_Days_of_Armenian_Culture_in_Russia.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/Opening_of_Days_of_Armenian_Culture_in_Russia.webm/Opening_of_Days_of_Armenian_Culture_in_Russia.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /></video></span><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Serzh_Sargsyan" title="Serzh Sargsyan">Serzh Sargsyan</a> opening the Days of Armenian Culture in Russia during a ceremony at the <a href="/wiki/Tretyakov_Gallery" title="Tretyakov Gallery">Tretyakov Gallery</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Faced with the choice of either joining the Russia-led <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Customs_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurasian Customs Union">Customs Union</a> or signing an <a href="/wiki/Association_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Association Agreement">Association Agreement</a> with the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>, Armenia eventually chose the former option. The decision on Armenia's accession to the Customs Union was announced by the president of Armenia <a href="/wiki/Serzh_Sargsyan" title="Serzh Sargsyan">Serzh Sargsyan</a> on 3 September 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 2 December 2013, Russian president <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> arrived to Armenia on an official visit. The heads of the two states discussed Armenia's accession to the Customs Union and signed 12 agreements on enhancing cooperation in a number of key spheres such as security, economy, energy and others. Russia also reduced the gas price for Armenia from 270 to 189 dollars per 1,000 cubic meters and enlarged the existing Russian military bases in Armenia.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Armenia became a full member of the <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Economic_Union" title="Eurasian Economic Union">Eurasian Economic Union</a> on 2 January 2015, whereupon cooperation and integration with Russia reached a new level. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gyumri_murders">Gyumri murders</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenia%E2%80%93Russia_relations&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Gyumri murders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2015_Gyumri_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="2015 Gyumri massacre">2015 Gyumri massacre</a></div> <p>On 12 January 2015, Valery Permyakov, a Russian soldier from the <a href="/wiki/Russian_102nd_Military_Base" title="Russian 102nd Military Base">102nd Military Base</a> in Gyumri, murdered an Armenian family of seven during the night.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was formally charged under the Armenian Criminal Code but still held at the 102nd military base.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 15 January, popular protests broke out in Gyumri demanding that Permyakov be handed over to the Armenian justice system.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A protest rally was also held at <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Square,_Yerevan" title="Freedom Square, Yerevan">Freedom Square</a> in <a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a>, where 20 people were detained due to clashes with police.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2015, Permyakov was convicted by the Russian military court on a number of charges excluding murder; in August 2016, the Armenian court that held the hearings in the compound of Russia's 102nd military base found Valery Permyakov guilty on a series of charges including murder, and sentenced him to life in prison.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The court's ruling was upheld in December 2016 by the Appeals Court in Yerevan.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relations_under_Nikol_Pashinyan">Relations under Nikol Pashinyan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenia%E2%80%93Russia_relations&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Relations under Nikol Pashinyan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Collective_Security_Treaty_Organization#2023_to_present" title="Collective Security Treaty Organization">Collective Security Treaty Organization § 2023 to present</a></div> <p>Relations between the countries' governments strained following the <a href="/wiki/2018_Armenian_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="2018 Armenian revolution">election</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nikol_Pashinyan" title="Nikol Pashinyan">Nikol Pashinyan</a> as <a href="/wiki/Prime_minister_of_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime minister of Armenia">prime minister of Armenia</a> in May 2018. Pashinyan has been compared by Russian politicians and media to Ukraine's <a href="/wiki/Petro_Poroshenko" title="Petro Poroshenko">Petro Poroshenko</a>, who was <a href="/wiki/2014_Ukrainian_presidential_election" title="2014 Ukrainian presidential election">elected president</a> shortly after the pro-Western <a href="/wiki/2014_Ukrainian_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="2014 Ukrainian revolution">2014 Ukrainian revolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tensions were further raised following the arrests of former president <a href="/wiki/Robert_Kocharyan" title="Robert Kocharyan">Robert Kocharyan</a> and <a href="/wiki/CSTO" class="mw-redirect" title="CSTO">CSTO</a> Secretary General <a href="/wiki/Yuri_Khatchaturov" title="Yuri Khatchaturov">Yuri Khatchaturov</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as business disputes involving Russian companies operating in Armenia.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Russia was described as reluctant to openly intervene in the <a href="/wiki/2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War">2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War</a> in support of Armenia due to the ongoing tensions between Putin and Pashinyan.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Russia ultimately held peace talks between Azerbaijan and Armenia, culminating in a ceasefire agreement of 10 October,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was subsequently disregarded by both sides.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The war was halted when the belligerents' leaders and president of Russia signed an <a href="/wiki/2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_ceasefire_agreement" title="2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement">armistice agreement</a> in Moscow on 9 November 2020. </p><p>After the start of <a href="/wiki/September_2022_Armenia%E2%80%93Azerbaijan_clashes" title="September 2022 Armenia–Azerbaijan clashes">renewed fighting</a> between Armenia and Azerbaijan on 13 September 2022, Armenia triggered Article 4 of the <a href="/wiki/Collective_Security_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Collective Security Treaty">Collective Security Treaty</a> and a CSTO mission, including CSTO Secretary General <a href="/wiki/Stanislav_Zas" title="Stanislav Zas">Stanislav Zas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Sidorov" title="Anatoly Sidorov">Anatoly Sidorov</a> was sent to monitor the situation along the border.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the CSTO mission took a rather uncommitted position in the conflict, criticism towards CSTO membership inside Armenian political circles increased, with the secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Security_Council_of_Armenia" title="Security Council of Armenia">Security Council of Armenia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armen_Grigoryan_(politician)" title="Armen Grigoryan (politician)">Armen Grigoryan</a> even stating that he saw no more hope for the CSTO.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lack of Russian support during the conflict prompted a national debate in Armenia, as an increasing percentage of the population put into doubt whether it is beneficial to continue CSTO membership, calling for <a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Armenia–NATO relations">realignment of the state with NATO</a> instead.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This coincided with a visit from <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker of the United States House of Representatives</a> <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a> to Yerevan on 17 September 2022, largely seen as an effort to reorient the security alliance structure of Armenia.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To discuss the results of the CSTO mission sent on 15 September 2022, an extraordinary session of the CSTO was held via videoconference on 28 October 2022. With the leaders of all member states and CSTO Secretary General <a href="/wiki/Stanislav_Zas" title="Stanislav Zas">Stanislav Zas</a> in attendance, the meeting was chaired by the Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, who concurred with the report presented by the Secretary General, while also reiterating the importance for a clear political assessment of Azerbaijani aggression and a roadmap for the restoration of Armenian territorial integrity.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-euroweekly_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-euroweekly-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A regular Collective Security Council meeting took place on 23 November 2022 with leaders of all CSTO members being present to discuss matters of international and regional security in Yerevan.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pashinyan refused to sign the joint declaration, because it did not "reach a decision on a CSTO response to Azerbaijan's aggression against Armenia".<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the meeting, large groups of protestors gathered and called for the withdrawal of Armenia from the CSTO and for the country to develop closer relations with the United States and the West.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The diplomatic friction continued into January 2023, after Pashinyan refused to hold common military drills, because the organization did not unequivocally condemn Azerbaijan over its perceived aggression.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response, <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Peskov" title="Dmitry Peskov">Dmitry Peskov</a> stated that Armenia remains a very close ally and promised to continue the dialogue.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To mend their ties, <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Lavrov" title="Sergey Lavrov">Sergey Lavrov</a> offered the deployment of a CSTO mission along the Armenia–Azerbaijan border on 2 February 2023 within one or two days, "if our Armenian allies, friends are still interested in it like before".<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2023, after the <a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Azerbaijan_border_crisis#May_2023" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisis">conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan escalated</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Prime_Minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenian Prime Minister">Armenian Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Nikol_Pashinyan" title="Nikol Pashinyan">Nikol Pashinyan</a> said that Armenia could consider withdrawing from the treaty due to the lack of support from Russia in the conflict.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an interview with CNN broadcast on 1 June 2023, Pashinyan stated that "Armenia is not an ally of Russia in the war in Ukraine".<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 3 September 2023, during an interview, Armenian prime minister Nikol Pashinyan stated that it was a strategic mistake for Armenia to solely rely on Russia to guarantee its security. Pashinyan stated, "Moscow has been unable to deliver and is in the process of winding down its role in the wider <a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus" title="South Caucasus">South Caucasus</a> region" and "the Russian Federation cannot meet Armenia's security needs. This example should demonstrate to us that dependence on just one partner in security matters is a strategic mistake." Pashinyan accused Russian peacekeepers deployed to uphold the <a href="/wiki/2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_ceasefire_agreement" title="2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement">ceasefire deal</a> of failing to do their job. Pashinyan confirmed that Armenia is trying to diversify its security arrangements, most notably with the European Union and the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/2023_Armenian_protests" title="2023 Armenian protests">2023 Armenian protests</a> that began following the <a href="/wiki/2023_Azerbaijani_offensive_in_Nagorno-Karabakh" title="2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh">Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh on 19 September 2023</a>, demonstrators surrounded the Russian embassy in Yerevan criticizing Russia's refusal to intervene in the offensive. Some protesters called for the rejection of the <a href="/wiki/Alma-Ata_Protocol" title="Alma-Ata Protocol">Alma-Ata Protocol</a>, and Armenia's withdrawal from the CSTO.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Armenia declined participating in military exercises and the CIS summit in <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a> in October 2023 and asked for <a href="/wiki/Peacekeeping_operations_in_Nagorno-Karabakh#2023" title="Peacekeeping operations in Nagorno-Karabakh">Russian peacekeeping forces</a> to return to Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Prime Minister of Armenia, Nikol Pashinyan, went further in late October saying he saw "no advantage" in the presence of <a href="/wiki/Russian_102nd_Military_Base" title="Russian 102nd Military Base">Russian troops in Armenia</a>. Currently around 10,000 Russian troops are in stationed in <a href="/wiki/Gyumri" title="Gyumri">Gyumri</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A March 2024 poll conducted by the <a href="/wiki/International_Republican_Institute" title="International Republican Institute">International Republican Institute</a> showed a dramatic deterioration of public trust in Russia, with only 31% of Armenians considering Armenia–Russia relations good, compared to 93% in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 8 March 2024, on the sidelines of the 2024 <a href="/wiki/Antalya_Diplomacy_Forum" title="Antalya Diplomacy Forum">Antalya Diplomacy Forum</a>, Armenian Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Ararat_Mirzoyan" title="Ararat Mirzoyan">Ararat Mirzoyan</a> stated, "Armenia is seeking to get closer to the West amid worsening relations with Russia" and "New opportunities are largely being discussed in Armenia nowadays, that includes membership in the European Union".<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Impact_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine">Impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenia%E2%80%93Russia_relations&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In March 2022, after the commencement of the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, over 40,000 Russian professionals and programmers fled to Yerevan. Half stayed briefly and then moved on. The rest reestablished themselves using internet connections that kept Armenia connected to the world while Russia was increasingly cut off. In addition to IT experts, the exodus included many bloggers, journalists and activists who faced arrest for criticizing the war in Ukraine. Interviews indicated that none of the exiles encountered hostility in Yerevan. They can enter Armenia without visas or passports and remain six months; Russian is widely spoken.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Relations between Armenia and Russia continued to deteriorate throughout Russia's invasion of Ukraine. In February 2023, Armenia refused to return to Moscow for negotiations while the Lachin corridor was closed. Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov publicly acknowledged Azerbaijan's rationale for the 2020 aggression.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This escalated further as the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a> announced on 17 March 2023 that it had issued an <a href="/wiki/ICC_arrest_warrants_for_Vladimir_Putin_and_Maria_Lvova-Belova" class="mw-redirect" title="ICC arrest warrants for Vladimir Putin and Maria Lvova-Belova">arrest warrant</a> for Putin. As Armenia is a signatory to the <a href="/wiki/Rome_Statute" title="Rome Statute">Rome Statute</a>, Armenia would have a legal obligation to arrest Vladimir Putin should he enter Armenian territory.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2023, Russia enacted a ban on imports of Armenian dairy products, widely seen as a retaliatory move against Armenia.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 2 June 2023, Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan stated that Armenia is not an ally of Russia in the context of the war in Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 3 September, Pashinyan further stated that relying on Russia as its principal security guarantor proved to be a mistake for Armenia.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three days later, the Russian government expressed concern at Armenia's intention of staging military drills with the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, as part of Armenia's attempts to further improve defence ties with western countries.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Relations worsened even further following the <a href="/wiki/2023_Azerbaijani_offensive_in_Nagorno-Karabakh" title="2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh">2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh</a> and subsequent exodus of the Armenian population of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Artsakh" title="Republic of Artsakh">Artsakh</a>. Armenia's National Security Council's secretary, <a href="/wiki/Armen_Grigoryan_(politician)" title="Armen Grigoryan (politician)">Armen Grigoryan</a> accused <a href="/wiki/Peacekeeping_operations_in_Nagorno-Karabakh" title="Peacekeeping operations in Nagorno-Karabakh">Russian peacekeepers</a> of failing to protect Nagorno-Karabakh,<sup id="cite_ref-cnn_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was also echoed by Pashinyan.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Security_Council_of_Russia" title="Security Council of Russia">Security Council of Russia</a> <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Dmitry Medvedev">Dmitry Medvedev</a> said that Russia will not defend <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijani</a> offensive, while strongly criticizing Armenian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Nikol_Pashinyan" title="Nikol Pashinyan">Nikol Pashinyan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Presidential spokesperson <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Peskov" title="Dmitry Peskov">Dmitry Peskov</a> denied accusations from Armenia that the country's peacekeepers had failed to protect Nagorno-Karabakh from the Azerbaijani attack, calling them "unfounded".<sup id="cite_ref-cnn_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The independent Russian media outlet <i><a href="/wiki/Meduza" title="Meduza">Meduza</a></i> said it had obtained a guidance document from the Kremlin circulated on 19 September to state media outlets that recommended blaming Armenia and the West, rather than Azerbaijan, for the escalation of the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn_55-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Speaking at the 78th <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">United Nations General Assembly</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> on 23 September, Russian Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Lavrov" title="Sergey Lavrov">Sergey Lavrov</a> accused the Armenian leadership of adding "fuel to the fire", referring to the conflict, and reiterated that <a href="/wiki/Alma-Ata_Protocol" title="Alma-Ata Protocol">agreements made following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991</a> stated that the existing borders of its former constituent republics were inviolable, hereby recognizing Nagorno-Karabakh as part of Azerbaijan.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 25 September, the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs published a statement highly critical of the Armenian government, accusing it of "attempting to severe centuries-old ties with Russia", marking the lowest point in relations between the two countries since the independence of Armenia in 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 3 October 2023, the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly of Armenia">National Assembly of Armenia</a> voted 60-22 in favor of ratifying the <a href="/wiki/Rome_Statute" title="Rome Statute">Rome Statute</a>, which would enable Armenia to join the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a>. Although the government claimed that the move was to create additional guarantees for Armenia in response to Azerbaijani aggression, it was also seen as a sign of worsening relations with Russia, whose president, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a>, is wanted by the court on charges of war crimes in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">invasion of Ukraine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The measure was signed into law by President <a href="/wiki/Vahagn_Khachaturyan" title="Vahagn Khachaturyan">Vahagn Khachaturyan</a> on 14 October.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 1 February 2024, Armenia became the 124th member of the International Criminal Court.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the start of the Ukrainian War, Armenian-Russian relations became further complicated by Russia's increasing intolerance towards the LGBT community. Of the countless thousands who fled Russia since the start of the war, a large portion of those who settled in Armenia and Georgia are a part of the queer community, even while both countries still have conservative attitudes about the community.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further straining relations was Salman Mukayev, a Chechen man who fled to Armenia after being targeted for his homosexuality. After some time, Armenian courts declined Russia's request to have him brought back to Russia, citing concerns over Russia's overall treatment of LGBT minorities.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_union_and_cooperation">Military union and cooperation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenia%E2%80%93Russia_relations&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Military union and cooperation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Russian_102nd_Military_Base" title="Russian 102nd Military Base">Russian 102nd Military Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erebuni_Airport" title="Erebuni Airport">Erebuni Airport</a>, and <a href="/wiki/United_Group_of_Forces" title="United Group of Forces">United Group of Forces</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_and_Nikol_Pashinyan_(2018-05-14)_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Vladimir_Putin_and_Nikol_Pashinyan_%282018-05-14%29_02.jpg/220px-Vladimir_Putin_and_Nikol_Pashinyan_%282018-05-14%29_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Vladimir_Putin_and_Nikol_Pashinyan_%282018-05-14%29_02.jpg/330px-Vladimir_Putin_and_Nikol_Pashinyan_%282018-05-14%29_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Vladimir_Putin_and_Nikol_Pashinyan_%282018-05-14%29_02.jpg/440px-Vladimir_Putin_and_Nikol_Pashinyan_%282018-05-14%29_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4570" data-file-height="3042" /></a><figcaption>Armenian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Nikol_Pashinyan" title="Nikol Pashinyan">Nikol Pashinyan</a> and Russian President <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sochi" title="Sochi">Sochi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Military cooperation between Armenia and Russia is based on both states being members of the same military alliance (<a href="/wiki/CSTO" class="mw-redirect" title="CSTO">CSTO</a>) as well as participants in the <a href="/wiki/Joint_CIS_Air_Defense_System" title="Joint CIS Air Defense System">Joint CIS Air Defense System</a>. Russia maintains in <a href="/wiki/Gyumri" title="Gyumri">Gyumri</a> (formerly, Alexandropol), north of <a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a>, one of <a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_military_bases_abroad" title="List of Russian military bases abroad">its military bases abroad</a> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_102nd_Military_Base" title="Russian 102nd Military Base">102nd Military Base</a>) as part of Russia's <a href="/wiki/Transcaucasus_Military_District#Russian_Transcaucasus_Group_of_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcaucasus Military District">Transcaucasian Group of Forces</a>; the relevant treaty was extended until 2044 in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moscow also undertook to supply Armenia with more weapons and military hardware.<sup id="cite_ref-rolein_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rolein-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 8 December 2015, the 3624th Air Base at Erebuni Airport in Yerevan (part of the 102nd Military Base) was reinforced with six advanced <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-24" title="Mil Mi-24">Mi-24P</a> assault helicopters and an Mi-8MT transport helicopter delivered from the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Air_Force" title="Russian Air Force">Russian Air Force</a> base in the Krasnodar region.<sup id="cite_ref-reinf_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reinf-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Border_Service_of_the_Federal_Security_Service_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Border Service of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation">Russian border guards</a> directorate in Armenia (c. 4,500 strong) along with the Armenian border guards is responsible for the protection of the Soviet-era border of Armenia with <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2013, Colonel Andrey Ruzinsky, the chief commander of Russia's <a href="/wiki/Russian_102nd_Military_Base" title="Russian 102nd Military Base">102nd military base</a> told Russia's official military newspaper, "If Azerbaijan decides to restore jurisdiction over Nagorno-Karabakh by force, the [Russian] military base may join in the armed conflict in accordance with the Russian Federation’s obligations within the framework of the Collective Security Treaty Organization."<sup id="cite_ref-rolein_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rolein-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-roleinzv_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roleinzv-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 23 December 2015, Russian defence minister <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Shoygu" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergey Shoygu">Sergey Shoygu</a> and his Armenian counterpart, <a href="/wiki/Seyran_Ohanyan" title="Seyran Ohanyan">Seyran Ohanyan</a>, signed an agreement to form a Joint Air Defense System in the Caucasus.<sup id="cite_ref-jointaird_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jointaird-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The conclusion of the agreement followed the Armenian minister's assertion that the <a href="/wiki/Bishkek_Protocol" title="Bishkek Protocol">ceasefire</a> with <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> over the <a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Nagorno-Karabakh" title="Political status of Nagorno-Karabakh">breakaway region</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh" title="Nagorno-Karabakh">Nagorno-Karabakh</a> virtually no longer existed.<sup id="cite_ref-nolonger_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nolonger-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2016, <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Armenia)" title="National Assembly (Armenia)">Armenia's National Assembly</a> voted 102–8 to ratify an agreement to create an Armenia–Russia joint <a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_warfare" title="Anti-aircraft warfare">air defense</a> system.<sup id="cite_ref-reuters6302016_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters6302016-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, it was reported by media that Armenia had received from the Russian state a <i><a href="/wiki/Divizion" title="Divizion">divizion</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/9K720_Iskander" title="9K720 Iskander">Iskander-M ballistic missiles</a><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (earlier, in 2013, it was revealed that Russia had deployed several Iskander missile systems at undisclosed locations throughout Armenia).<sup id="cite_ref-Harutyunyan_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harutyunyan-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2017, the <a href="/wiki/Defence_minister_of_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Defence minister of Armenia">defence minister of Armenia</a> told a Russian mass media outlet that the Iskander missiles stationed in Armenia and shown at the military parade in September 2016 were owned and operated by the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Armenia" title="Armed Forces of Armenia">Armed Forces of Armenia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2016, Russian president <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> approved a government proposal on creating joint Russian and Armenian military forces.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two sides were to set up a joint command, whose leader would be appointed by the Supreme Commander of the Armenian Armed Forces in agreement with the Supreme Commander of the Russian Armed Forces.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early October 2017, the relevant bilateral treaty was ratified by the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Armenia)" title="National Assembly (Armenia)">Armenian parliament</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In mid-October 2017, the Armenian cabinet approved a bill for signing a $100 million worth credit agreement with Russia to facilitate the weapons purchase in line with the domestic legislation.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 23 February 2024, Prime Minister of Armenia, Nikol Pashinyan, confirmed that Armenia has frozen its participation in the CSTO. Pashinyan stated, "We have now in practical terms frozen our participation in this treaty" and "membership of the CSTO was under review" during a live broadcast interview.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 28 February 2024, during a speech made in the National Assembly, Pashinyan further stated that the CSTO is "a threat to the national security of Armenia".<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2024, Armenia officially expelled Russian border guards from the <a href="/wiki/Zvartnots_International_Airport" title="Zvartnots International Airport">Zvartnots International Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 12 March, Pashinyan said that the CSTO needed to clarify "what constitutes Armenia's sovereign territory", as the organization had not come to Armenia's defence when requested following <a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Azerbaijan_border_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisis">Azerbaijani troops crossing the border into Armenia's internationally recognized territory</a>. Pashinyan said that if the CSTO's response did not align with Armenia's expectations, the country would officially withdraw from the organization.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 9 May 2024, Russian Presidential spokesman <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Peskov" title="Dmitry Peskov">Dmitry Peskov</a> announced that Russian border guards will continue to serve on Armenia's borders with <a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Turkey_border" title="Armenia–Turkey border">Turkey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Iran_border" title="Armenia–Iran border">Iran</a>, at the request of the Armenian side.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 12 June 2024, Nikol Pashinyan told parliament that his government will withdraw Armenia from the CSTO with Pashinyan stating, "We will leave. We will decide when to exit...Don't worry, we won't return".<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Resident_diplomatic_missions">Resident diplomatic missions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenia%E2%80%93Russia_relations&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Resident diplomatic missions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Armenia has an embassy in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> and consulates-general in <a href="/wiki/Rostov-on-Don" title="Rostov-on-Don">Rostov-on-Don</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a> and a consular office in <a href="/wiki/Sochi" title="Sochi">Sochi</a>.</li> <li>Russia has an embassy in <a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a> and a consulate-general in <a href="/wiki/Gyumri" title="Gyumri">Gyumri</a>.</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0,_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA,_2,_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Embassy of Armenia in Moscow"><img alt="Embassy of Armenia in Moscow" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%2C_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%2C_2%2C_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg/120px-%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%2C_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%2C_2%2C_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%2C_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%2C_2%2C_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg/180px-%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%2C_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%2C_2%2C_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%2C_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%2C_2%2C_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg/240px-%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%2C_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%2C_2%2C_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Embassy of Armenia in Moscow</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Embassy_of_Russia,_Yerevan2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Embassy of Russia in Yerevan"><img alt="Embassy of Russia in Yerevan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Embassy_of_Russia%2C_Yerevan2.JPG/120px-Embassy_of_Russia%2C_Yerevan2.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Embassy_of_Russia%2C_Yerevan2.JPG/180px-Embassy_of_Russia%2C_Yerevan2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Embassy_of_Russia%2C_Yerevan2.JPG/240px-Embassy_of_Russia%2C_Yerevan2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3393" data-file-height="2760" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Embassy of Russia in Yerevan</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenia%E2%80%93Russia_relations&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Armenia" title="Foreign relations of Armenia">Foreign relations of Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Russia" title="Foreign relations of Russia">Foreign relations of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenians_in_Russia" title="Armenians in Russia">Armenians in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">Dissolution of the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Yerevan" title="Electric Yerevan">Electric Yerevan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Mission_of_Armenia_to_the_CSTO" title="Permanent Mission of Armenia to the CSTO">Permanent Mission of Armenia to the CSTO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russians_in_Armenia" title="Russians in Armenia">Russians in Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Armenia–European Union relations">Armenia–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Armenia–NATO relations">Armenia–NATO relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Armenia–Ukraine relations">Armenia–Ukraine relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Armenia–United States relations">Armenia–United States relations</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armenia%E2%80%93Russia_relations&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mehr+News&rft.atitle=Armenia+says+won%27t+host+CSTO+military+drills+this+year&rft.date=2023-01-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.mehrnews.com%2Fnews%2F195999%2FArmenia-says-won-t-host-CSTO-military-drills-this-year&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmenia%E2%80%93Russia+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artsakhpress.am/eng/news/175423/kremlin-vows-to-continue-dialogue-with-armenia-after-abandoning-csto-drills.html">"Kremlin vows to continue dialogue with Armenia after abandoning CSTO drills"</a>. <i>Artsakh Press</i>. 10 January 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230116203645/https://artsakhpress.am/eng/news/175423/kremlin-vows-to-continue-dialogue-with-armenia-after-abandoning-csto-drills.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Artsakh+Press&rft.atitle=Kremlin+vows+to+continue+dialogue+with+Armenia+after+abandoning+CSTO+drills&rft.date=2023-01-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fartsakhpress.am%2Feng%2Fnews%2F175423%2Fkremlin-vows-to-continue-dialogue-with-armenia-after-abandoning-csto-drills.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmenia%E2%80%93Russia+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artsakhpress.am/eng/news/176530/russia-says-csto-mission-can-be-deployed-to-armenia-azerbaijan-border-in-%E2%80%9Cone-or-two-days%E2%80%9D-if-greenlighted-by-yerevan.html">"Russia says CSTO mission can be deployed to Armenia-Azerbaijan border in "one or two days" if greenlighted by Yerevan"</a>. <i>Artsakh Press</i>. 2 February 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Russia" title="Template:Foreign relations of Russia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Russia" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Russia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Russia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Russia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Russia&#124;link=Russia_Foreign_relations_of_Russia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Russia" title="Foreign relations of Russia">Foreign relations of Russia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Bilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Bilateral relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Algeria–Russia relations">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angola%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Angola–Russia relations">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Benin–Russia relations">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Botswana–Russia relations">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Burkina Faso–Russia relations">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundi%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Burundi–Russia relations">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Cameroon–Russia relations">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Central African Republic–Russia relations">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo–Russia relations">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Republic of the Congo–Russia relations">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Djibouti–Russia relations">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Egypt–Russia relations">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Equatorial Guinea–Russia relations">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Eritrea–Russia relations">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Eswatini–Russia relations">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Ethiopia–Russia relations">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambia–Russia relations">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Ghana–Russia relations">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Guinea-Bissau–Russia relations">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Ivory Coast–Russia relations">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Kenya–Russia relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesotho%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Lesotho–Russia relations">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Libya–Russia relations">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Madagascar–Russia relations">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Mali–Russia relations">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Mauritania–Russia relations">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Mauritius–Russia relations">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Morocco–Russia relations">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Mozambique–Russia relations">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Namibia–Russia relations">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Nigeria–Russia relations">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Rwanda_relations" title="Russia–Rwanda relations">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Senegal_relations" title="Russia–Senegal relations">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Seychelles_relations" title="Russia–Seychelles relations">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Somalia_relations" title="Russia–Somalia relations">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93South_Africa_relations" title="Russia–South Africa relations">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93South_Sudan_relations" title="Russia–South Sudan relations">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Russia–Sudan relations">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Tanzania_relations" title="Russia–Tanzania relations">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Tunisia_relations" title="Russia–Tunisia relations">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Uganda_relations" title="Russia–Uganda relations">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Zambia_relations" title="Russia–Zambia relations">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Zimbabwe_relations" title="Russia–Zimbabwe relations">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Argentina–Russia relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Bolivia–Russia relations">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Brazil–Russia relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Canada–Russia relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Chile–Russia relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Colombia–Russia relations">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Costa Rica–Russia relations">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Cuba–Russia relations">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuador%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Ecuador–Russia relations">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemala%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Guatemala–Russia relations">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Guyana–Russia relations">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduras%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Honduras–Russia relations">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Mexico–Russia relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Nicaragua–Russia relations">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Panama–Russia relations">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguay%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Paraguay–Russia relations">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Peru–Russia relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Trinidad_and_Tobago_relations" title="Russia–Trinidad and Tobago relations">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Russia–United States relations">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Russian Empire–United States relations">Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Soviet Union–United States relations">Soviet Union</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Uruguay_relations" title="Russia–Uruguay relations">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Russia–Venezuela relations">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Afghanistan–Russia relations">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Azerbaijan–Russia relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Bahrain–Russia relations">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Bangladesh–Russia relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Bhutan–Russia relations">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Brunei–Russia relations">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Cambodia–Russia relations">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="China–Russia relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="East Timor–Russia relations">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Georgia–Russia relations">Georgia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Abkhazia–Russia relations">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93South_Ossetia_relations" title="Russia–South Ossetia relations">South Ossetia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="India–Russia relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Indonesia–Russia relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Iran–Russia relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Iraq–Russia relations">Iraq</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Region%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Kurdistan Region–Russia relations">Kurdistan Region</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Israel–Russia relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Japan–Russia relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Jordan–Russia relations">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Russia relations">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Kuwait–Russia relations">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Kyrgyzstan–Russia relations">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Laos–Russia relations">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Lebanon–Russia relations">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Malaysia–Russia relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldives%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Maldives–Russia relations">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Mongolia–Russia relations">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Myanmar–Russia relations">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Nepal–Russia relations">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="North Korea–Russia relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Oman–Russia relations">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Pakistan–Russia relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Palestine–Russia relations">Palestine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Hamas_relations" title="Russia–Hamas relations">Hamas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Philippines–Russia relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Qatar–Russia relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations" title="Russia–Saudi Arabia relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Singapore_relations" title="Russia–Singapore relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="Russia–South Korea relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Sri_Lanka_relations" title="Russia–Sri Lanka relations">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Syria_relations" title="Russia–Syria relations">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Russia–Taiwan relations">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Tajikistan_relations" title="Russia–Tajikistan relations">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Thailand_relations" title="Russia–Thailand relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Russia–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Turkmenistan_relations" title="Russia–Turkmenistan relations">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Russia–United Arab Emirates relations">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Uzbekistan_relations" title="Russia–Uzbekistan relations">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Russia–Vietnam relations">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Yemen_relations" title="Russia–Yemen relations">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Albania–Russia relations">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Austria–Russia relations">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Belarus–Russia relations">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Belgium–Russia relations">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina–Russia relations">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Bulgaria–Russia relations">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Croatia–Russia relations">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Cyprus–Russia relations">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Czech Republic–Russia relations">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Denmark–Russia relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Estonia–Russia relations">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Finland–Russia relations">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="France–Russia relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Germany–Russia relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Greece–Russia relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Hungary–Russia relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Iceland–Russia relations">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Ireland–Russia relations">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Italy–Russia relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Latvia–Russia relations">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Liechtenstein–Russia relations">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Lithuania–Russia relations">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Luxembourg–Russia relations">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Malta–Russia relations">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Moldova–Russia relations">Moldova</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Transnistria_relations" title="Russia–Transnistria relations">Transnistria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monaco%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Monaco–Russia relations">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegro%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Montenegro–Russia relations">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Netherlands–Russia relations">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="North Macedonia–Russia relations">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Norway–Russia relations">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Poland–Russia relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Portugal–Russia relations">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Romania–Russia relations">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="Russia–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Slovakia_relations" title="Russia–Slovakia relations">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Slovenia_relations" title="Russia–Slovenia relations">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="Russia–Spain relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Sweden_relations" title="Russia–Sweden relations">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Switzerland_relations" title="Russia–Switzerland relations">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Russia–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Donetsk People's Republic–Russia relations">Donetsk PR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_People%27s_Republic%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Luhansk People's Republic–Russia relations">Luhansk PR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Russia–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Holy See–Russia relations">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Australia–Russia relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Fiji–Russia relations">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Nauru–Russia relations">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="New Zealand–Russia relations">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Tonga_relations" title="Russia–Tonga relations">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Vanuatu_relations" title="Russia–Vanuatu relations">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Multilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Multilateral relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BRICS" title="BRICS">BRICS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Russia–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Russia–NATO relations">NATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia_and_the_United_Nations" title="Russia and the United Nations">United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_policy_of_Russia" title="Arctic policy of Russia">Arctic policy of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Russia_and_the_Antarctic" title="Category:Russia and the Antarctic">Russia and the Antarctic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_Abroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Near Abroad">Near Abroad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Diplomacy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Diplomacy</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Russia)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Russia)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Russia)">Foreign Minister</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Russia" title="List of diplomatic missions of Russia">Diplomatic missions of Russia</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Russia" title="List of diplomatic missions in Russia">in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia_in_the_European_energy_sector" title="Russia in the European energy sector">European energy sector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation" title="Shanghai Cooperation Organisation">Shanghai Cooperation Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Economic_Union" title="Eurasian Economic Union">Eurasian Economic Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_military_cooperation_agreements_with_other_countries" title="List of Russian military cooperation agreements with other countries">Military Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Treaties_of_Russia" title="Category:Treaties of Russia">Treaties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_doctrine_of_Russia" title="Military doctrine of Russia">Military doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Relations_of_Russia_since_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Relations of Russia since the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Foreign Relations of Russia since the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Armenia&#124;link=Armenia_Foreign_relations_of_Armenia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Armenia" title="Template:Foreign relations of Armenia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Armenia" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Armenia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Armenia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Armenia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Armenia&#124;link=Armenia_Foreign_relations_of_Armenia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia"><img alt="Armenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Armenia" title="Foreign relations of Armenia">Foreign relations of Armenia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Bilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bilateralism" title="Bilateralism">Bilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Egypt_relations" title="Armenia–Egypt relations">Egypt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Armenia_relations" title="Argentina–Armenia relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Brazil_relations" title="Armenia–Brazil relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Canada_relations" title="Armenia–Canada relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Chile_relations" title="Armenia–Chile relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Armenia–Mexico relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Armenia–United States relations">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Uruguay_relations" title="Armenia–Uruguay relations">Uruguay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Azerbaijan_relations" title="Armenia–Azerbaijan relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93China_relations" title="Armenia–China relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Armenia–India relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Indonesia_relations" title="Armenia–Indonesia relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Iran_relations" title="Armenia–Iran relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Iraq_relations" title="Armenia–Iraq relations">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Armenia–Israel relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Armenia–Japan relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Armenia–Kazakhstan relations">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Lebanon_relations" title="Armenia–Lebanon relations">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Armenia–Pakistan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Palestine_relations" title="Armenia–Palestine relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="Armenia–Philippines relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations" title="Armenia–Saudi Arabia relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Singapore_relations" title="Armenia–Singapore relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Syria_relations" title="Armenia–Syria relations">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Tajikistan_relations" title="Armenia–Tajikistan relations">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Armenia–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Turkmenistan_relations" title="Armenia–Turkmenistan relations">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Armenia–United Arab Emirates relations">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Uzbekistan_relations" title="Armenia–Uzbekistan relations">Uzbekistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Bulgaria_relations" title="Armenia–Bulgaria relations">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Croatia_relations" title="Armenia–Croatia relations">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Cyprus_relations" title="Armenia–Cyprus relations">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Denmark_relations" title="Armenia–Denmark relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93France_relations" title="Armenia–France relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Georgia_relations" title="Armenia–Georgia relations">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Germany_relations" title="Armenia–Germany relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Greece_relations" title="Armenia–Greece relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Hungary_relations" title="Armenia–Hungary relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Italy_relations" title="Armenia–Italy relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Poland_relations" title="Armenia–Poland relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Portugal_relations" title="Armenia–Portugal relations">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Romania_relations" title="Armenia–Romania relations">Romania</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="Armenia–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="Armenia–Spain relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Switzerland_relations" title="Armenia–Switzerland relations">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Armenia–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Armenia–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Australia_relations" title="Armenia–Australia relations">Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Artsakh_relations" title="Armenia–Artsakh relations">Artsakh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Multilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93BSEC_relations" title="Armenia–BSEC relations">BSEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia_in_the_Council_of_Europe" title="Armenia in the Council of Europe">Council of Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93CSTO_relations" title="Armenia–CSTO relations">CSTO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Armenia–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Armenia–NATO relations">NATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93OSCE_relations" title="Armenia–OSCE relations">OSCE</a></li> 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