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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Date of Christmas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_of_Christmas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_of_Easter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_of_Easter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Date of Easter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_of_Easter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coptic_months" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coptic_months"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Coptic months</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coptic_months-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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Available in 33 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%8A" title="تقويم قبطي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تقويم قبطي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qibti_t%C9%99qvimi" title="Qibti təqvimi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qibti təqvimi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF" title="কিবতীয় বর্ষপঞ্জি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কিবতীয় বর্ষপঞ্জি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Копцкі каляндар – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Копцкі каляндар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deiziadur_koptek" title="Deiziadur koptek – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Deiziadur koptek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koptischer_Kalender" title="Koptischer Kalender – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Koptischer Kalender" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendario_copto" title="Calendario copto – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Calendario copto" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopta_kalendaro" title="Kopta kalendaro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kopta kalendaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koptoen_egutegia" title="Koptoen egutegia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Koptoen egutegia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B7%DB%8C" title="گاه‌شماری قبطی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گاه‌شماری قبطی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendrier_copte" title="Calendrier copte – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Calendrier copte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalender_Koptik" title="Kalender Koptik – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kalender Koptik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendario_copto" title="Calendario copto – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Calendario copto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%97_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%99" title="לוח השנה הקופטי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לוח השנה הקופטי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koptu_kalend%C4%81rs" title="Koptu kalendārs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Koptu kalendārs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopt%C5%B3_kalendorius" title="Koptų kalendorius – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Koptų kalendorius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopt_napt%C3%A1r" title="Kopt naptár – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kopt naptár" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%89" title="تقويم قبطى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تقويم قبطى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koptische_kalender" title="Koptische kalender – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koptische kalender" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%97%E3%83%88%E6%9A%A6" title="コプト暦 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コプト暦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalendarz_koptyjski" title="Kalendarz koptyjski – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kalendarz koptyjski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calend%C3%A1rio_copta" title="Calendário copta – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Calendário copta" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendarul_copt" title="Calendarul copt – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Calendarul copt" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C" title="Коптский календарь – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Коптский календарь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Coptic calendar" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%DB%86%DA%98%DA%98%D9%85%DB%8E%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="ڕۆژژمێری قبتی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕۆژژمێری قبتی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koptski_kalendar" title="Koptski kalendar – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Koptski kalendar" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koptilainen_kalenteri" title="Koptilainen kalenteri – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Koptilainen kalenteri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koptiska_kalendern" title="Koptiska kalendern – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Koptiska kalendern" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%B1pti_takvimi" title="Kıpti takvimi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kıpti takvimi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Коптський календар – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Коптський календар" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ca%C5%82end%C3%A0rio_copto" title="Całendàrio copto – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Całendàrio copto" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E7%89%B9%E6%9B%86" title="科普特曆 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="科普特曆" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q750430#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Today</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><b><a href="/wiki/Thursday" title="Thursday">Thursday</a></b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/February_20" title="February 20">February 20</a>, <a href="/wiki/2025" title="2025">2025</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></th><td class="infobox-data">21 <a href="/wiki/Sha%27aban" class="mw-redirect" title="Sha'aban">Sha'aban</a>, 1446 <a href="/wiki/Hijri_year" title="Hijri year">AH</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></th><td class="infobox-data">22 <a href="/wiki/Shevat" title="Shevat">Shevat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anno_Mundi" title="Anno Mundi">AM</a> 5785</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Coptic calendar</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Meshir_13" title="Meshir 13">Meshir 13</a>, 1741 <a href="/wiki/Era_of_the_Martyrs" title="Era of the Martyrs">AM</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Solar_Hijri_calendar" title="Solar Hijri calendar">Solar Hijri calendar</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2 <a href="/wiki/Esfand" title="Esfand">Esfand</a>, 1403 SH</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Falgun" title="Falgun">Falgun</a> 7, 1431 <a href="/wiki/Bengali_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali Era">BS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="padding:0.2em; font-size:200%; background:#870409; color:white;"><a href="/wiki/Copts" title="Copts"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Copts</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><div class="center"><div class="center"> <div style="width: {{{cWidth}}}px; height: {{{cHeight}}}px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 175px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coptic_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Coptic_cross.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Coptic_cross.svg/175px-Coptic_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Coptic_cross.svg/263px-Coptic_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Coptic_cross.svg/350px-Coptic_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="606" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#870409; color:white;"> Culture</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_architecture" title="Coptic architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_art" title="Coptic art">Art</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptology" title="Coptology">Coptology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_cross" title="Coptic cross">Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_and_abstinence_of_the_Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Fasting and abstinence of the Coptic Orthodox Church">Fasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_history" title="Coptic history">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_identity" title="Coptic identity">Identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_placenames" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic placenames">Toponymy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_language" title="Coptic language">Language</a></li> <li>Literature <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_literature" title="Coptic literature">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copto-Arabic_literature" title="Copto-Arabic literature">Arabic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_music" title="Coptic music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_monasticism" title="Coptic monasticism">Monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic name">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_nationalism" title="Coptic nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Copts" title="Persecution of Copts">Persecution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_philosophy" title="Coptic philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic alphabet">Writing system</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#870409; color:white;"> Regions</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Copts_in_Egypt" title="Copts in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copts_in_Sudan" title="Copts in Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copts_in_Libya" title="Copts in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Americans" title="Coptic Americans">United States</a> (<a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_the_United_States" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in the United States">churches</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Canadians" title="Coptic Canadians">Canada</a> (<a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_Canada" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in Canada">churches</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Australians" title="Coptic Australians">Australia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_Australia" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in Australia">churches</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_Africa" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_Asia" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_Europe" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_North_America" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in North America">North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_in_South_America" title="Coptic Orthodox Church in South America">South America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_diaspora" title="Coptic diaspora">Diaspora</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#870409; color:white;"> Denominations</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Catholic_Church" title="Coptic Catholic Church">Coptic Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism_in_Egypt" title="Protestantism in Egypt">Protestantism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Egypt_(Synod_of_the_Nile)" title="Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile)">Evangelical Church</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="padding-top:0; padding-bottom:0;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output 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class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Oriental_Orthodoxy" title="Category:Oriental Orthodoxy"> a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodoxy"><span style="color:7a2cfe;font-size:14pt">Oriental Orthodoxy</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ChristCopticArt.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/ChristCopticArt.png/100px-ChristCopticArt.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/ChristCopticArt.png 1.5x" data-file-width="140" data-file-height="263" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#7a2cfe; color:#FFFFFF;"> Oriental Orthodox churches</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church" title="Armenian Apostolic Church">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Orthodox_Syrian_Church" title="Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See_of_Cilicia" title="Holy See of Cilicia">Cilicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Tewahedo" title="Orthodox Tewahedo">Orthodox Tewahedo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Eritrean</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Independent churches</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic</a>: <a href="/wiki/British_Orthodox_Church" title="British Orthodox Church">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac</a>: <a href="/wiki/Malabar_Independent_Syrian_Church" title="Malabar Independent Syrian Church">Malabar Independent</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Autonomous churches</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic</a>: <a href="/wiki/French_Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="French Coptic Orthodox Church">French Coptic Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church" title="Armenian Apostolic Church">Armenian</a>: <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Patriarchate_of_Constantinople" title="Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Patriarchate_of_Jerusalem" title="Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jacobite_Syrian_Christian_Church" title="Jacobite Syrian Christian Church">Jacobite Syrian Christian Church</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">History and theology</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Oriental_Orthodoxy" title="History of Oriental Orthodoxy">History of Oriental Orthodoxy</a>:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_history" title="Coptic history">Coptic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Christianity" title="Timeline of Orthodox Tewahedo Christianity">Tewahedo history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Christianity" title="Syriac Christianity">Syriac history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Christians" title="Saint Thomas Christians">Saint Thomas Christians</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Ecumenical Councils:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea" title="First Council of Nicaea">Nicaea I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Constantinople" title="First Council of Constantinople">Constantinople I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ephesus" title="Council of Ephesus">Ephesus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Council_of_Ephesus" title="Second Council of Ephesus">Ephesus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Council_of_Ephesus" title="Third Council of Ephesus">Ephesus III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Dvin" title="First Council of Dvin">Dvin I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Council_of_Dvin" title="Second Council of Dvin">Dvin II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Council_of_Dvin" title="Third Council of Dvin">Dvin III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Council_of_Dvin" title="Fourth Council of Dvin">Dvin IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Manzikert" title="Council of Manzikert">Manzikert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Capharthutha" title="Council of Capharthutha">Capharthutha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Shirakavan" title="Council of Shirakavan">Shirakavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Hromkla" title="Council of Hromkla">Hromkla</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Theology:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miaphysitism" title="Miaphysitism">Miaphysitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodox Theology">Oriental Orthodox Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Chalcedonian_Christianity" title="Non-Chalcedonian Christianity">Non-Chalcedonian Christianity</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Liturgy and practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"> <ul><li>Anaphora & Rites:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_Rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandrian Rite">Alexandrian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaphora_of_Saint_Gregory" title="Anaphora of Saint Gregory">Anaphora of Saint Gregory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Rite" title="Armenian Rite">Armenian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Syriac_Rite" title="West Syriac Rite">West Syriac Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_Saint_James" title="Liturgy of Saint James">Liturgy of Saint James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_Saint_Basil" title="Liturgy of Saint Basil">Liturgy of Saint Basil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_Saint_Cyril" title="Liturgy of Saint Cyril">Liturgy of Saint Cyril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Rite" title="Malankara Rite">Malankara Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Qurobo" title="Holy Qurobo">Holy Qurobo</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Calendars:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Armenian_Apostolic_Church)" title="Calendar of saints (Armenian Apostolic Church)">Armenian</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Bible:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peshitta" title="Peshitta">Peshitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic Bible">Coptic Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenian Bible">Armenian Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Tewahedo_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodox Tewahedo Bible">Orthodox Tewahedo Bible</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Cross:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_cross" title="Coptic cross">Coptic cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Cross" title="Armenian Cross">Armenian Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Christian_cross" title="Saint Thomas Christian cross">St. Thomas Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_cross" title="Ethiopian cross">Ethiopian cross</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Major figures</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Alexandria" title="Cyril of Alexandria">Cyril of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Addai_of_Edessa" title="Addai of Edessa">Mor Addai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abgar_V" title="Abgar V">Abgar V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_the_Illuminator" title="Gregory the Illuminator">Gregory the Illuminator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Saints" title="Nine Saints">Nine Saints of Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiridates_III_of_Armenia" title="Tiridates III of Armenia">Tiridates III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Awgin" title="Mar Awgin">Mar Awgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandria" title="Athanasius of Alexandria">Athanasius of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephrem_the_Syrian" title="Ephrem the Syrian">Ephrem the Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezana_of_Axum" title="Ezana of Axum">Ezana of Axum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frumentius" title="Frumentius">Frumentius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenoute" title="Shenoute">Shenoute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesrop_Mashtots" title="Mesrop Mashtots">Mesrop Mashtots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Dioscorus_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Dioscorus I of Alexandria">Dioscorus of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severus_of_Antioch" title="Severus of Antioch">Severus of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_(Copt)" class="mw-redirect" title="Abraham (Copt)">Abraham of Farshut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yared" title="Yared">Yared</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_the_Tanner" title="Simon the Tanner">Simon the Tanner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Narek" title="Gregory of Narek">Gregory of Narek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerses_IV_the_Gracious" title="Nerses IV the Gracious">Nerses IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_the_Syrian" title="Michael the Syrian">Michael the Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar_Hebraeus" title="Bar Hebraeus">Bar Hebraeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tekle_Haymanot" title="Tekle Haymanot">Tekle Haymanot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giyorgis_of_Segla" title="Giyorgis of Segla">Giyorgis of Segla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Thoma_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Mar Thoma I">Mar Thoma I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorios_Abdal_Jaleel" title="Gregorios Abdal Jaleel">Gregorios Abdal Jaleel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geevarghese_Mar_Gregorios_of_Parumala" class="mw-redirect" title="Geevarghese Mar Gregorios of Parumala">Geevarghese Gregorios</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abuna" title="Abuna">Abuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholicos" title="Catholicos">Catholicos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholicos_of_India" title="Catholicos of India">Catholicos of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch"> Patriarch of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maphrian" title="Maphrian">Maphrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_ecclesiastical_titles" title="Ethiopian ecclesiastical titles">Ethiopian titles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Church-Ordinance" title="Apostolic Church-Ordinance">Apostolic Church-Ordinance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_monasticism" title="Coptic monasticism">Coptic monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Coptic_saints" title="List of Coptic saints">Coptic saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debtera" title="Debtera">Debtera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coonan_Cross_Oath" title="Coonan Cross Oath">Coonan Cross Oath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_chant" title="Ethiopian chant">Ethiopian chant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_of_Nineveh" title="Fast of Nineveh">Fast of Nineveh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_and_abstinence_of_the_Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Fasting and abstinence of the Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic fasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_and_abstinence_in_the_Ethiopian_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Fasting and abstinence in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Tewahedo fasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timkat" title="Timkat">Timkat</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/CopticLetters.svg/40px-CopticLetters.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/CopticLetters.svg/60px-CopticLetters.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/CopticLetters.svg/80px-CopticLetters.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="475" data-file-height="394" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>This article contains <a href="/wiki/Coptic_language" title="Coptic language">Coptic</a> text.</b> Without proper <a href="/wiki/Help:Multilingual_support#Coptic" title="Help:Multilingual support">rendering support</a>, you may see <a href="/wiki/Specials_(Unicode_block)#Replacement_character" title="Specials (Unicode block)">question marks, boxes, or other symbols</a> instead of Coptic letters.</div></div> </div> <p>The <b>Coptic calendar</b>, also called the <b>Alexandrian calendar</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year" title="Liturgical year">liturgical calendar</a> used by the <a href="/wiki/Fellah" title="Fellah">farming populace</a> in Egypt and used by the <a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic Orthodox">Coptic Orthodox</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coptic_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic Catholic">Coptic Catholic</a> churches. It was used for fiscal purposes in Egypt until the <a href="/wiki/Adoption_of_the_Gregorian_calendar" title="Adoption of the Gregorian calendar">adoption of the Gregorian calendar</a> on 11 September 1875 (1st Thout 1592 AM).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This calendar is based on the ancient <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_calendar" title="Egyptian calendar">Egyptian calendar</a>. To avoid the calendar creep of the latter (which contained only 365 days each year, year after year, so that the seasons shifted about one day every four years), a reform of the ancient Egyptian calendar was introduced at the time of <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_III_Euergetes" title="Ptolemy III Euergetes">Ptolemy III</a> (<a href="/wiki/Decree_of_Canopus" title="Decree of Canopus">Decree of Canopus</a>, in 238 BC) which consisted of <a href="/wiki/Intercalation_(timekeeping)" title="Intercalation (timekeeping)">adding an extra day</a> every fourth year. However, this reform was opposed by the Egyptian priests, and the reform was not adopted until 25 BC, when the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a> Emperor <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a> imposed the Decree upon <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> as its official calendar (although initially, namely between 25 BC and AD 5, it was unsynchronised with the original implementation of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a> which was erroneously intercalating leap days every third year due to a misinterpretation of the leap year rule so as to apply inclusive counting).<sup id="cite_ref-Nabil_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nabil-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To distinguish it from the Ancient Egyptian calendar, which remained in use by some astronomers until medieval times, this reformed calendar is known as the Coptic or Alexandrian calendar. Its years and months coincide with those of the <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a> but have different numbers and names.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Unlike the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>, the Coptic calendar does not skip leap years three times every 400 years, and therefore it stays synchronised with the Julian calendar over a four-year leap year cycle.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Coptic_year">Coptic year</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coptic_calendar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Coptic year"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background-color:lavender; font-size:130%;"><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year" title="Liturgical year">Liturgical seasons</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li>Pre-Christmas <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advent" title="Advent">Advent</a> (<i>Western</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_Fast" title="Nativity Fast">Nativity Fast</a> (<i>Byzantine</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Season_of_Annunciation" title="Season of Annunciation">Annunciation</a> (<i>Syriac</i>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmastide" title="Christmastide">Christmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiphany_season" title="Epiphany season">Epiphany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ordinary_Time" title="Ordinary Time">Ordinary Time</a> (<i>Western</i>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Lent" title="Pre-Lent">Pre-Lent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lent" title="Lent">Lent</a> (<i>Western</i>) / <a href="/wiki/Great_Lent" title="Great Lent">Great Lent</a> (<i>Eastern</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_Triduum" title="Paschal Triduum">Paschal Triduum</a> (<i>Western</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastertide" title="Eastertide">Easter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecost_season" title="Pentecost season">Pentecost</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ordinary_Time" title="Ordinary Time">Ordinary Time</a> (<i>Western</i>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Season_of_Summer_(liturgy)" title="Season of Summer (liturgy)">Summer</a> (<i>East Syriac</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostles%27_Fast" title="Apostles' Fast">Apostles' Fast</a> (<i>Eastern</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dormition_Fast" class="mw-redirect" title="Dormition Fast">Dormition Fast</a> (<i>Eastern</i>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elijah%E2%80%93Cross%E2%80%93Moses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elijah–Cross–Moses (page does not exist)">Elijah–Cross–Moses</a> (<i>East Syriac</i>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Season_of_the_Dedication_of_the_Church&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Season of the Dedication of the Church (page does not exist)">Dedication of the Church</a> (<i>Syriac</i>)</li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Liturgical_year" title="Template:Liturgical year"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Liturgical_year" title="Template talk:Liturgical year"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Liturgical_year" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Liturgical year"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Coptic year is the extension of the ancient Egyptian civil year, retaining its subdivision into the three seasons, four months each. The three seasons are commemorated by special prayers in the Coptic Liturgy. This calendar is still in use all over Egypt by farmers to keep track of the various agricultural seasons.<sup id="cite_ref-Naguib_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Naguib-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Coptic calendar has 13 months, 12 of 30 days each and one at the end of the year of five days (six days in leap years). The Coptic Leap Year follows the same rules as the Julian Calendar so that the extra month always has six days in the year before a Julian Leap Year.<sup id="cite_ref-FrTadros_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FrTadros-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The year starts on the Feast of <a href="/wiki/Neyrouz" class="mw-redirect" title="Neyrouz">Neyrouz</a>, the first day of the month of <a href="/wiki/Thout" title="Thout">Thout</a>, the first month of the Egyptian year. For 1900 to 2099 it coincides with the Gregorian Calendar's 11 September, or 12 September before a leap year, but for any year, it coincides with the Julian Calendar's 29 August, or 30 August before a leap year. Coptic years are counted from 284 AD, the year <a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a> became Roman Emperor, whose reign was marked by tortures and mass executions of Christians, especially in Egypt.<sup id="cite_ref-FrTadros_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FrTadros-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hence, the Coptic year is identified by the abbreviation A.M. (for <i><a href="/wiki/Anno_Martyrum" class="mw-redirect" title="Anno Martyrum">Anno Martyrum</a></i> or "in the Year of the Martyrs"). The first day of year I of the Coptic era was 29 August 284 in the Julian calendar. Note that the abbreviation A.M. is also used for unrelated calendar eras (such as the Freemasonic and Jewish calendar epochs) which start at the putative creation of the world; it then stands for <i><a href="/wiki/Anno_Mundi" title="Anno Mundi">Anno Mundi</a></i>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a> is reckoned by the Julian Calendar in combination with the uncorrected repetition of the 19-year <a href="/wiki/Metonic_cycle" title="Metonic cycle">Metonic cycle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To obtain the Coptic year number, subtract from the Julian year number either 283 (before the Julian new year) or 284 (after it). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Date_of_Christmas">Date of Christmas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coptic_calendar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Date of Christmas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Coptic Christmas is observed on what the Julian Calendar labels 25 December, a date that currently corresponds with 7 January on the more widely used <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregorian Calendar">Gregorian Calendar</a> (which is also when Christmas is observed in many <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a> countries such as Russia). The 25 December Nativity of <a href="/wiki/Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Christ">Christ</a> was alleged very early by <a href="/wiki/Hippolytus_(writer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hippolytus (writer)">Hippolytus</a> of <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> (170–236) in his Commentary on Daniel 4:23: "The first coming of our Lord, that in the flesh, in which he was born at Bethlehem, took place eight days before the calends of January, a Wednesday, in the forty-second year of the reign of Augustus, 5500 years from Adam." <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Another early source is Theophilus Bishop of Caesarea (115–181): "We ought to celebrate the birth-day of our Lord on what day soever the 25th of December shall happen."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it was not until 367 that 25 December began to be universally accepted. Before that, the Eastern Church had kept 6 January as the Nativity under the name "Epiphany." John Chrysostom, in a sermon preached in Antioch in 387, relates how the correct date of the Nativity was brought to the East ten years earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dionysius_of_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Dionysius of Alexandria">Dionysius of Alexandria</a> emphatically quoted mystical justifications for this very choice. 25 March was considered to be the anniversary of Creation itself. It was the first day of the year in the medieval Julian, or Old Style, calendar and the nominal vernal equinox (it had been the actual equinox at the time of the Decree of Canopus in terms of the Julian calendar which adopted it without correction when originally designed). Considering that Jesus was thought to have been conceived on New Year's Day of the Old Style calendar, 25 March was recognised as the Feast of the Annunciation which had to be followed, nine months later, by the celebration of the birth of Christ, <a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a>, on 25 December. </p><p>There may have been more practical considerations for choosing 25 December. The choice would help substitute a major Christian holiday for the popular Pagan celebrations surrounding the Winter Solstice (Roman Sol Sticia, the three-day stasis when the sun would rise consecutively in its southernmost point before heading north, 21, 22 and 23 December. In AD 274, Emperor <a href="/wiki/Aurelian" title="Aurelian">Aurelian</a> had declared a civil holiday on 25 December (the "<a href="/wiki/Sol_Invictus#Festival_of_Dies_Natalis_Solis_Invicti" title="Sol Invictus">Festival of the Birth of the Unconquered Sun</a>") to celebrate the deity <a href="/wiki/Sol_Invictus" title="Sol Invictus">Sol Invictus</a>. Finally, joyous festivals are needed at that time of year to fight the natural gloom of the season (in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere">Northern Hemisphere</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-MacMullen1997_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacMullen1997-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Until the 16th century, 25 December coincided with 29 <a href="/wiki/Koiak" title="Koiak">Koiak</a> of the Coptic calendar. However, upon the introduction of the Gregorian calendar in 1582, 25 December shifted 10 days earlier in comparison with the Julian and Coptic calendars. Furthermore, the Gregorian calendar drops 3 leap days every 400 years to closely approximate the length of a solar year. As a result, the Coptic Christmas advances a day each time the Gregorian calendar drops a leap day (years AD 1700, 1800, and 1900).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is the reason why Old-Calendarists (using the Julian and Coptic calendars) presently celebrate Christmas on 7 January, 13 days after the New-Calendarists (using the Gregorian calendar), who celebrate Christmas on 25 December. From AD 2101, the Coptic Christmas will be on the Gregorian date of 8 January. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Date_of_Easter">Date of Easter</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coptic_calendar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Date of Easter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Computus" class="mw-redirect" title="Computus">Computus</a></div> <p>The First Council of Nicaea (325) sent a letter to the Church of Alexandria stating "all our brethren in the East who formerly followed the custom of the Jews are henceforth to celebrate the said most sacred feast of Easter at the same time with the Romans and yourselves and all those who have observed Easter from the beginning."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the Council of Nicaea, it became one of the duties of the <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_Alexandria" title="Patriarch of Alexandria">patriarch of Alexandria</a> to determine the dates of the Easter and to announce it to the other Christian churches.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This duty fell on this officiate because of the erudition at Alexandria he could draw on. The rules to determine this are complex, but Easter is the first Sunday after a full moon occurring after the northern <a href="/wiki/March_equinox" title="March equinox">vernal equinox</a>, which falls on or after 21 March in Alexandria. When <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a> reformed the calendar, the northern vernal equinox was nominally on 25 March which was abandoned shortly after Nicaea. The reason for the observed discrepancy was all but ignored (the actual <a href="/wiki/Tropical_year" title="Tropical year">tropical year</a> is not quite equal to the Julian year of 365<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> days, so the date of the equinox keeps creeping back in the Julian calendar). </p><p>Between the Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church, there are different dates for holidays. In recent years there have been multiple attempts to <a href="/wiki/Reform_of_the_date_of_Easter" title="Reform of the date of Easter">unify these dates</a>. Some people are skeptical about the success of these attempts. Eastern Orthodox use the Julian calendar while Catholics use the Gregorian calendar. <a href="/wiki/Pope_Tawadros_II_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Tawadros II of Alexandria">Pope Tawadros</a>, the Coptic pope, and <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a>, the Catholic pope, agreed to the proposal to celebrate Easter on the same day. Pope Tawadros suggested to celebrate Easter on the second Sunday of April.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Coptic_months">Coptic months</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coptic_calendar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Coptic months"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following table refers to dates for Coptic years not containing <a href="/wiki/29_February" class="mw-redirect" title="29 February">29 February</a>. Such years are preceded by a Coptic <a href="/wiki/Leap_day" class="mw-redirect" title="Leap day">leap day</a> at the end of the preceding year. This causes dates to move one day later in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars from the Coptic New Year's Day until the leap day of the Julian or Gregorian Calendar respectively. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">No. </th> <th colspan="4">Name </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Julian calendar dates </th> <th rowspan="2">Gregorian calendar dates (1900–2099) </th> <th rowspan="2">Season </th> <th rowspan="2">Coptic name origin<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bohairic" class="mw-redirect" title="Bohairic">Bohairic</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Coptic_language" title="Coptic language">Coptic</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Sahidic" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahidic">Sahidic</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Coptic_language" title="Coptic language">Coptic</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Transliteration" title="Transliteration">Transliteration</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Arabic" title="Egyptian Arabic">Arabic</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Pronunciation" title="Pronunciation">pronunciation</a><br /><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (June 2024)">clarification needed</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Coptic_calendar#Arabic_pronunciation?" title="Talk:Coptic calendar">discuss</a></i>]</sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲑⲱⲟⲩⲧ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲑⲟⲟⲩⲧ</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thout" title="Thout">Thout</a></td> <td><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">توت</span></span> <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><i>Tūt</i></i></span> </td> <td>Mäskäräm (መስከረም)</td> <td>29 August – 27 September</td> <td>11 September – 10 October</td> <td rowspan="4">Akhet (<a href="/wiki/Season_of_the_Inundation" title="Season of the Inundation">Inundation</a>)</td> <td><span title="Ancient Egyptian-language text"><i lang="egy">ḏḥwty</i></span>: <a href="/wiki/Thoth" title="Thoth">Thoth</a>, god of Wisdom and Science </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲡⲁⲟⲡⲓ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲡⲁⲱⲡⲉ</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paopi" title="Paopi">Paopi</a></td> <td><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">بابه</span></span> <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><i>Bābah</i></i></span> </td> <td>Ṭəqəmt(i) (ጥቅምት)</td> <td>28 September – 27 October</td> <td>11 October – 9 November</td> <td><span title="Ancient Egyptian-language text"><i lang="egy">pꜣ-n-jpt</i></span>: <a href="/wiki/Opet_Festival" title="Opet Festival">Opet Festival</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲁⲑⲱⲣ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ϩⲁⲑⲱⲣ</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hathor_(month)" title="Hathor (month)">Hathor</a></td> <td><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">هاتور</span></span> <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><i>Hātūr</i></i></span> </td> <td>Ḫədar (ኅዳር)</td> <td>28 October – 26 November</td> <td>10 November – 9 December</td> <td><span title="Ancient Egyptian-language text"><i lang="egy">Ḥwt-ḥr</i></span>: <a href="/wiki/Hathor" title="Hathor">Hathor</a>, goddess of beauty and love (the land is lush and green) </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲭⲟⲓⲁⲕ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲕⲟⲓⲁϩⲕ</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Koiak" title="Koiak">Koiak</a></td> <td><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">كياك</span></span> <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><i>Kyak</i></i></span> </td> <td>Taḫśaś ( ታኅሣሥ)</td> <td>27 November – 26 December</td> <td>10 December – 8 January</td> <td><span title="Ancient Egyptian-language text"><i lang="egy">kꜣ-ḥr-kꜣ</i></span>: "spirit upon spirit," the name of a festival </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲧⲱⲃⲓ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲧⲱⲃⲉ</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tobi_(month)" title="Tobi (month)">Tobi</a></td> <td><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">طوبه</span></span> <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><i>Ṭūbah</i></i></span> </td> <td>Ṭərr(i) (ጥር)</td> <td>27 December – 25 January</td> <td>9 January – 7 February</td> <td rowspan="4">Proyet, Peret, Poret (<a href="/wiki/Season_of_the_Emergence" title="Season of the Emergence">Growth</a>)</td> <td><span title="Ancient Egyptian-language text"><i lang="egy">tꜣ-ꜥꜣbt</i></span>: "The offering" </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲙⲉϣⲓⲣ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲙϣⲓⲣ</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Meshir" title="Meshir">Meshir</a></td> <td><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أمشير</span></span> <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><i>ʾAmshīr</i></i></span> </td> <td>Yäkatit (Tn. Läkatit) (የካቲት)</td> <td>26 January – 24 February</td> <td>8 February – 8 March</td> <td><span title="Ancient Egyptian-language text"><i lang="egy">mḫjr</i></span>: The name of a festival, perhaps identical with a type of basket used in that festival </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲙϩⲁⲧ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲡⲁⲣⲙϩⲟⲧⲡ</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paremhat" title="Paremhat">Paremhat</a></td> <td><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">برمهات</span></span> <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><i>Baramhāt</i></i></span> </td> <td>Mägabit (መጋቢት)</td> <td>25 February – 26 March</td> <td>9 March – 8 April</td> <td><span title="Ancient Egyptian-language text"><i lang="egy">pꜣ-n-jmnḥtp</i></span>: "Festival of <a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I">Amenhotep</a>" </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲫⲁⲣⲙⲟⲩⲑⲓ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲡⲁⲣⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Parmouti" title="Parmouti">Parmouti</a></td> <td><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">برموده</span></span> <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><i>Baramūdah</i></i></span> </td> <td>Miyazya (ሚያዝያ)</td> <td>27 March – 25 April</td> <td>9 April – 8 May</td> <td><span title="Ancient Egyptian-language text"><i lang="egy">pꜣ-n-Rnnwtt</i></span>: "Festival of harvest goddess <a href="/wiki/Renenutet" title="Renenutet">Renenutet</a>" </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲡⲁϣⲟⲛⲥ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲡⲁϣⲟⲛⲥ</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pashons" title="Pashons">Pashons</a></td> <td><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">بشنس</span></span> <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><i>Bashans</i></i></span> </td> <td>Gənbo (t) (ግንቦት)</td> <td>26 April – 25 May</td> <td>9 May – 7 June</td> <td rowspan="5">Shomu or Shemu (<a href="/wiki/Season_of_the_Harvest" title="Season of the Harvest">Harvest</a>)</td> <td><span title="Ancient Egyptian-language text"><i lang="egy">pꜣ-n-ḫnsw</i></span> "Festival of <a href="/wiki/Khonsu" title="Khonsu">Khonsu</a>" </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲡⲁⲱⲛⲓ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲡⲁⲱⲛⲉ</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paoni" title="Paoni">Paoni</a></td> <td><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">بأونه</span></span> <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><i>Baʾūnah</i></i></span> </td> <td>Säne (ሰኔ)</td> <td>26 May – 24 June</td> <td>8 June – 7 July</td> <td><span title="Ancient Egyptian-language text"><i lang="egy">pꜣ-n-jnt</i></span>: valley festival </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲉⲡⲓⲡ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲉⲡⲏⲡ</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Epip" title="Epip">Epip</a></td> <td><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أبيب</span></span> <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><i>ʾAbīb</i></i></span> </td> <td>Ḥamle (ሐምሌ)</td> <td>25 June – 24 July</td> <td>8 July – 6 August</td> <td><span title="Ancient Egyptian-language text"><i lang="egy">jpjp</i></span>: meaning unknown </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲙⲉⲥⲱⲣⲓ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲙⲉⲥⲱⲣⲏ</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mesori" title="Mesori">Mesori</a></td> <td><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مسرا</span></span> <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><i>Mesra</i></i></span> </td> <td>Nähase (ነሐሴ)</td> <td>25 July – 23 August</td> <td>7 August – 5 September</td> <td><span title="Ancient Egyptian-language text"><i lang="egy">mswt rꜥ</i></span>: birth of <a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛ̀ⲁ̀ⲃⲟⲧ</span></span></td> <td><span title="Coptic-language text"><span lang="cop">Ⲉⲡⲁⲅⲟⲙⲉⲛⲁⲓ</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pi_Kogi_Enavot" class="mw-redirect" title="Pi Kogi Enavot">Pi Kogi Enavot</a></td> <td><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">نسيئ</span></span> <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><i>Nasīʾ</i></i></span> </td> <td>Ṗagʷəmen/Ṗagume (ጳጐሜን/ጳጉሜ)</td> <td>24 August – 28 August</td> <td>6 September – 10 September</td> <td>Bohairic: The Little Month;<br /> <p>Sahidic: Greek <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ἐπαγόμεναι</span></span> < <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ἐπαγωγή</span></span> < <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ἐπαγειν</span></span> < <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ἐπι + ἄγειν</span></span>: to bring in </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literature">Literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coptic_calendar&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Wolfgang Kosack: <i>Der koptische Heiligenkalender.</i> The Calendar of the Coptic Holies. Deutsch – Koptisch – Arabisch nach den besten Quellen neu bearbeitet und vollständig herausgegeben mit Index Sanctorum koptischer Heiliger, Index der Namen auf Koptisch, Koptische Patriarchenliste, Geografische Liste. Christoph Brunner, Berlin 2012, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-9524018-4-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-9524018-4-2">978-3-9524018-4-2</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coptic_calendar&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_calendar" title="Egyptian calendar">Egyptian calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computus" class="mw-redirect" title="Computus">Computus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Era_of_the_Martyrs" title="Era of the Martyrs">Era of the Martyrs</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coptic_calendar&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Correction: the actual quote from Hippolytus is "For as the times are noted from the foundation of the world, and reckoned from Adam, they set clearly before us the matter with which our inquiry deals. For the first appearance of our Lord in the flesh took place in Bethlehem, under Augustus, in the year 5500; and He suffered in the thirty-third year."<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The insertion of "eight days..." is from "<a href="/wiki/Chronography_of_354" class="mw-redirect" title="Chronography of 354">Chronography of 354</a>" and the insertion of the "forty-second year" is from <a href="/wiki/Eusebius" title="Eusebius">Eusebius</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Another correction: Theophilus of Caesarea only said the following: "We would have you know, too, that in Alexandria also they observe <i>the festival</i> on the same day as ourselves. For the <i>Paschal</i> letters are sent from us to them, and from them to us: so that we observe the holy day in unison and together." No mention of Dec. 25th.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coptic_calendar&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4llHAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA1348"><i>United States Congressional Serial Set</i></a>. Vol. 1673. Washington: Government Printing Office. 1876. p. 1348. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220612052537/https://books.google.com/books?id=4llHAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA1348">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-06-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=United+States+Congressional+Serial+Set&rft.place=Washington&rft.pages=1348&rft.pub=Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=1876&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4llHAQAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA1348&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nabil-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nabil_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNabil" class="citation book cs1">Nabil, Michael. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=byuYAgAAQBAJ"><i>A Brief History of Patriarchs Coptic Church</i></a>. CreateSpace Independent Publishing. p. 7. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220930050131/https://www.google.com.au/books/edition/A_Brief_History_of_Patriarchs_Coptic_Chu/byuYAgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-09-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-09-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+of+Patriarchs+Coptic+Church&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=CreateSpace+Independent+Publishing&rft.aulast=Nabil&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbyuYAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTamrat2008" class="citation journal cs1">Tamrat, Tadesse (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27828897">"Ethiopian Calendar & Millennia Highlights"</a>. <i>International Journal of Ethiopian Studies</i>. <b>3</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">177–</span>88. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27828897">27828897</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220913010230/https://www.jstor.org/stable/27828897">Archived</a> from the original on 13 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Ethiopian+Studies&rft.atitle=Ethiopian+Calendar+%26+Millennia+Highlights&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E177-%3C%2Fspan%3E88&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27828897%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Tamrat&rft.aufirst=Tadesse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27828897&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071227011131/http://www.oriold.uzh.ch/static/coptic.html">"Conversion of Coptic and Julian dates"</a>. Universität Zürich. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oriold.uzh.ch/static/coptic.html">the original</a> on 2007-12-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Conversion+of+Coptic+and+Julian+dates&rft.pub=Universit%C3%A4t+Z%C3%BCrich&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oriold.uzh.ch%2Fstatic%2Fcoptic.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span> Coptic dates corresponding to Julian dates separated by multiples of four years, or multiples of 100 years, all give the same day and month.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFr._John_Ramzy" class="citation web cs1">Fr. John Ramzy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020620170143/http://www.suscopticdiocese.org/messages/nativitydate.html">"The Glorious Feast of Nativity: 7 January? 29 Kiahk? 25 December?"</a>. Coptic Orthodox Diocese of the Southern United States. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.suscopticdiocese.org/messages/nativitydate.html">the original</a> on 2002-06-20.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Glorious+Feast+of+Nativity%3A+7+January%3F+29+Kiahk%3F+25+December%3F&rft.pub=Coptic+Orthodox+Diocese+of+the+Southern+United+States&rft.au=Fr.+John+Ramzy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.suscopticdiocese.org%2Fmessages%2Fnativitydate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span> States that Christmas has always been celebrated on 29 Kiahk in the Coptic calendar, and that this is equivalent to 25 December in the Julian calendar.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Naguib-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Naguib_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNaguib2008" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Naguib, Saphinaz-Amal (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27v9z5m8">"Survivals of Pharaonic Religious Practices in Contemporary Coptic Christianity"</a>. <i>UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220920234953/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27v9z5m8">Archived</a> from the original on 20 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Survivals+of+Pharaonic+Religious+Practices+in+Contemporary+Coptic+Christianity&rft.btitle=UCLA+Encyclopedia+of+Egyptology&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Naguib&rft.aufirst=Saphinaz-Amal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fescholarship.org%2Fuc%2Fitem%2F27v9z5m8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FrTadros-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FrTadros_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FrTadros_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFr_Tadros_Y_Malaty1988" class="citation report cs1 cs1-prop-unfit">Fr Tadros Y Malaty (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220913010235/http://www.coptics.info/NEW_ARTICLES2/Others/Z_done/The_Coptic_Calendar_And_The_Church_Of_Alexandria.docx">The Coptic Calendar and Church of Alexandria</a> (Report). The Monastery of St. Macarius Press, The Desert of Scete. Archived from the original on 13 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=The+Coptic+Calendar+and+Church+of+Alexandria.&rft.pub=The+Monastery+of+St.+Macarius+Press%2C+The+Desert+of+Scete&rft.date=1988&rft.au=Fr+Tadros+Y+Malaty&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.coptics.info%2FNEW_ARTICLES2%2FOthers%2FZ_done%2FThe_Coptic_Calendar_And_The_Church_Of_Alexandria.docx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVidro2021" class="citation book cs1">Vidro, Nadia (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aspace.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1810/335181/Fragment%20of%20the%20Month%20March%202021%20Cambridge%20University%20Library.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y"><i>Muslim and Christian calendars in Jewish calendar booklets: TS K2. 33</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220913055146/https://aspace.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1810/335181/Fragment%20of%20the%20Month%20March%202021%20Cambridge%20University%20Library.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2022-09-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-09-13</span></span>. <q>The Coptic date of Easter is determined by a calculation based on the Alexandrian 19-year cycle, which synchronises the lunar months with the solar years of the Coptic calendar.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslim+and+Christian+calendars+in+Jewish+calendar+booklets%3A+TS+K2.+33.&rft.date=2021&rft.aulast=Vidro&rft.aufirst=Nadia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faspace.repository.cam.ac.uk%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F1810%2F335181%2FFragment%2520of%2520the%2520Month%2520March%25202021%2520Cambridge%2520University%2520Library.pdf%3Fsequence%3D2%26isAllowed%3Dy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchaff" class="citation book cs1">Schaff, Philip. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ccel.org/ccel/schaff/anf05/anf05.iii.iv.i.x.ii.html"><i>Ante-Nicene Fathers</i></a>. Vol. 5. Christian Classics Ethereal Library. p. 446. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220302124046/https://ccel.org/ccel/schaff/anf05/anf05.iii.iv.i.x.ii.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-03-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ante-Nicene+Fathers&rft.pages=446&rft.pub=Christian+Classics+Ethereal+Library&rft.aulast=Schaff&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fccel.org%2Fccel%2Fschaff%2Fanf05%2Fanf05.iii.iv.i.x.ii.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Magdeburgenses, Cent. 2. c. 6. Hospinian, de origine Festorum Christianorum</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaguire" class="citation web cs1">Maguire, Revd Andrew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://earlychurchtexts.com/public/john_chrysostom_homily_in_diem_natalem_domini_nostri_jesu_christi.htm">"John Chrysostom - Homily on the Date of Christmas, sections 1 and 2"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220913055145/https://earlychurchtexts.com/public/john_chrysostom_homily_in_diem_natalem_domini_nostri_jesu_christi.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 13 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+Chrysostom+-+Homily+on+the+Date+of+Christmas%2C+sections+1+and+2&rft.aulast=Maguire&rft.aufirst=Revd+Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fearlychurchtexts.com%2Fpublic%2Fjohn_chrysostom_homily_in_diem_natalem_domini_nostri_jesu_christi.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MacMullen1997-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MacMullen1997_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bishop Jacob Bar-Salabi (cited in <i>Christianity and Paganism in the Fourth to Eighth Centuries</i>, <a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacMullen" title="Ramsay MacMullen">Ramsay MacMullen</a>. Yale:1997, p. 155)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/calendars">"Introduction to Calendars"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Observatory" title="United States Naval Observatory">United States Naval Observatory</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220617074100/https://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/calendars">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-06-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-09-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Naval+Observatory&rft.atitle=Introduction+to+Calendars&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faa.usno.navy.mil%2Ffaq%2Fcalendars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchaffWace1986" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Schaff, Philip; Wace, Henry, eds. (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf214.vii.ix.html"><i>The Synodal Letter</i></a>. Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Second Series. Vol. 14, The Seven Ecumenical Councils. <a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">Grand Rapids, Michigan</a>, U.S.A.: Eerdmans Pub Co. (published 1890). pp. <span class="nowrap">112–</span>114. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8028-8129-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-8028-8129-7"><bdi>0-8028-8129-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210117202530/https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf214.vii.ix.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-01-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-07-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Synodal+Letter&rft.place=Grand+Rapids%2C+Michigan%2C+U.S.A.&rft.series=Nicene+and+Post-Nicene+Fathers%3A+Second+Series&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E112-%3C%2Fspan%3E114&rft.pub=Eerdmans+Pub+Co.&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0-8028-8129-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ccel.org%2Fccel%2Fschaff%2Fnpnf214.vii.ix.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.tertullian.org/fathers2/NPNF2-14/Npnf2-14-27.htm">http://www.tertullian.org/fathers2/NPNF2-14/Npnf2-14-27.htm</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200928145035/http://www.tertullian.org/fathers2/NPNF2-14/Npnf2-14-27.htm">Archived</a> 2020-09-28 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeclercq2000" class="citation book cs1">Declercq, Georges (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H8AZAAAAYAAJ"><i>Anno Domini: The Origins of the Christian Era</i></a>. Isd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-503-51050-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-503-51050-7"><bdi>978-2-503-51050-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anno+Domini%3A+The+Origins+of+the+Christian+Era&rft.pub=Isd&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-2-503-51050-7&rft.aulast=Declercq&rft.aufirst=Georges&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH8AZAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.wataninet.com/coptic-affairs-coptic-affairs/church-affairs/popes-francis-and-tawadros-agree-one-easter-for-all/14914/">"Popes Francis and Tawadros agree one Easter for all"</a>. <i>Watani</i>. 2015-10-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Watani&rft.atitle=Popes+Francis+and+Tawadros+agree+one+Easter+for+all&rft.date=2015-10-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wataninet.com%2Fcoptic-affairs-coptic-affairs%2Fchurch-affairs%2Fpopes-francis-and-tawadros-agree-one-easter-for-all%2F14914%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFČerný1976" class="citation book cs1">Černý, Jaroslav (1976). <i>Coptic Etymological Dictionary</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-07228-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-07228-1"><bdi>978-0-521-07228-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Coptic+Etymological+Dictionary&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=978-0-521-07228-1&rft.aulast=%C4%8Cern%C3%BD&rft.aufirst=Jaroslav&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVycichl1983" class="citation book cs1">Vycichl, Werner (1983). <i>Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue Copte</i>. Leuven: Peeters. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-8017-0197-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-8017-0197-3"><bdi>978-2-8017-0197-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+%C3%A9tymologique+de+la+langue+Copte&rft.place=Leuven&rft.pub=Peeters&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=978-2-8017-0197-3&rft.aulast=Vycichl&rft.aufirst=Werner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHindsBadawi1986" class="citation book cs1">Hinds, Martin; Badawi, El-Said (1986). <i>A Dictionary of Egyptian Arabic: Arabic-English</i>. Beirut: Librairie du Liban. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8288-0434-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8288-0434-9"><bdi>978-0-8288-0434-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Egyptian+Arabic%3A+Arabic-English&rft.place=Beirut&rft.pub=Librairie+du+Liban&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0-8288-0434-9&rft.aulast=Hinds&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.au=Badawi%2C+El-Said&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrum1939" class="citation book cs1">Crum, W.E. (1939). <i>A Coptic Dictionary</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 54.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Coptic+Dictionary&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=54&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1939&rft.aulast=Crum&rft.aufirst=W.E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoptic+calendar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coptic_calendar&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Coptic_calendar" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.copticchurch.net/easter.html">The Coptic Calendar of Martyrs</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/2842">"Seasonal Almanac Based on the Coptic Calendar"</a> is an Arabic manuscript from 1678.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060928041231/http://www.copticheritage.org/parameters/copticheritage/calendar/The_Coptic_Calendar.pdf">The Coptic Calendar by Bishoy K. R. Dawood</a> (1.29MB pdf file – historical development and technical discussion)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.copticchurch.net/easter.html">An introduction to the Coptic calendar</a> (Gregorian equivalents are valid only between 1900 and 2099)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080508002335/http://www.andrewfanous.com/CopticCorner/CopticCalendar.htm">Ancient Egyptian Calendar and Coptic Calendar</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Months_and_days_of_the_Coptic_calendar435" style="width:auto;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Coptic_months" title="Template:Coptic months"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Coptic_months&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Coptic months (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Coptic_months" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Coptic months"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Months_and_days_of_the_Coptic_calendar435" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Months and days of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Coptic calendar</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Today:</b> <a href="/wiki/Meshir_13" title="Meshir 13">Meshir 13</a>, 1741 <span class="noprint plainlinks purgelink"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coptic_calendar&action=purge"><span title="Purge this page">[refresh]</span></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Thout" title="Thout">Thout</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thout_1" title="Thout 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_2" title="Thout 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_3" title="Thout 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_4" title="Thout 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_5" title="Thout 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_6" title="Thout 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_7" title="Thout 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_8" title="Thout 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_9" title="Thout 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_10" title="Thout 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_11" title="Thout 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_12" title="Thout 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_13" title="Thout 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_14" title="Thout 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_15" title="Thout 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_16" title="Thout 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_17" title="Thout 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_18" title="Thout 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_19" title="Thout 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_20" title="Thout 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_21" title="Thout 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_22" title="Thout 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_23" title="Thout 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_24" title="Thout 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_25" title="Thout 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_26" title="Thout 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_27" title="Thout 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_28" title="Thout 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_29" title="Thout 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thout_30" title="Thout 30">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paopi" title="Paopi">Paopi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_1" title="Paopi 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_2" title="Paopi 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_3" title="Paopi 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_4" title="Paopi 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_5" title="Paopi 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_6" title="Paopi 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_7" title="Paopi 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_8" title="Paopi 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_9" title="Paopi 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_10" title="Paopi 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_11" title="Paopi 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_12" title="Paopi 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_13" title="Paopi 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_14" title="Paopi 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_15" title="Paopi 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_16" title="Paopi 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_17" title="Paopi 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_18" title="Paopi 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_19" title="Paopi 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_20" title="Paopi 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_21" title="Paopi 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_22" title="Paopi 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_23" title="Paopi 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_24" title="Paopi 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_25" title="Paopi 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_26" title="Paopi 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_27" title="Paopi 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_28" title="Paopi 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_29" title="Paopi 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paopi_30" title="Paopi 30">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hathor_(month)" title="Hathor (month)">Hathor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_1" title="Hathor 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_2" title="Hathor 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_3" title="Hathor 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_4" title="Hathor 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_5" title="Hathor 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_6" title="Hathor 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_7" title="Hathor 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_8" title="Hathor 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_9" title="Hathor 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_10" title="Hathor 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_11" title="Hathor 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_12" title="Hathor 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_13" title="Hathor 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_14" title="Hathor 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_15" title="Hathor 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_16" title="Hathor 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_17" title="Hathor 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_18" title="Hathor 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_19" title="Hathor 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_20" title="Hathor 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_21" title="Hathor 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_22" title="Hathor 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_23" title="Hathor 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_24" title="Hathor 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_25" title="Hathor 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_26" title="Hathor 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_27" title="Hathor 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_28" title="Hathor 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_29" title="Hathor 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor_30" title="Hathor 30">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Koiak" title="Koiak">Koiak</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_1" title="Koiak 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_2" title="Koiak 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_3" title="Koiak 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_4" title="Koiak 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_5" title="Koiak 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_6" title="Koiak 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_7" title="Koiak 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_8" title="Koiak 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_9" title="Koiak 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_10" title="Koiak 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_11" title="Koiak 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_12" title="Koiak 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_13" title="Koiak 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_14" title="Koiak 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_15" title="Koiak 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_16" title="Koiak 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_17" title="Koiak 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_18" title="Koiak 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_19" title="Koiak 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_20" title="Koiak 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_21" title="Koiak 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_22" title="Koiak 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_23" title="Koiak 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_24" title="Koiak 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_25" title="Koiak 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_26" title="Koiak 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_27" title="Koiak 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_28" title="Koiak 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_29" title="Koiak 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koiak_30" title="Koiak 30">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tobi_(month)" title="Tobi (month)">Tobi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_1" title="Tobi 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_2" title="Tobi 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_3" title="Tobi 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_4" title="Tobi 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_5" title="Tobi 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_6" title="Tobi 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_7" title="Tobi 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_8" title="Tobi 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_9" title="Tobi 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_10" title="Tobi 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_11" title="Tobi 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_12" title="Tobi 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_13" title="Tobi 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_14" title="Tobi 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_15" title="Tobi 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_16" title="Tobi 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_17" title="Tobi 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_18" title="Tobi 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_19" title="Tobi 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_20" title="Tobi 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_21" title="Tobi 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_22" title="Tobi 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_23" title="Tobi 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_24" title="Tobi 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_25" title="Tobi 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_26" title="Tobi 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_27" title="Tobi 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_28" title="Tobi 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_29" title="Tobi 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobi_30" title="Tobi 30">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Meshir" title="Meshir">Meshir</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_1" title="Meshir 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_2" title="Meshir 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_3" title="Meshir 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_4" title="Meshir 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_5" title="Meshir 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_6" title="Meshir 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_7" title="Meshir 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_8" title="Meshir 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_9" title="Meshir 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_10" title="Meshir 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_11" title="Meshir 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_12" title="Meshir 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_13" title="Meshir 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_14" title="Meshir 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_15" title="Meshir 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_16" title="Meshir 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_17" title="Meshir 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_18" title="Meshir 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_19" title="Meshir 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_20" title="Meshir 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_21" title="Meshir 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_22" title="Meshir 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_23" title="Meshir 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_24" title="Meshir 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_25" title="Meshir 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_26" title="Meshir 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_27" title="Meshir 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_28" title="Meshir 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_29" title="Meshir 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshir_30" title="Meshir 30">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paremhat" title="Paremhat">Paremhat</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_1" title="Paremhat 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_2" title="Paremhat 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_3" title="Paremhat 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_4" title="Paremhat 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_5" title="Paremhat 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_6" title="Paremhat 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_7" title="Paremhat 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_8" title="Paremhat 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_9" title="Paremhat 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_10" title="Paremhat 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_11" title="Paremhat 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_12" title="Paremhat 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_13" title="Paremhat 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_14" title="Paremhat 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_15" title="Paremhat 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_16" title="Paremhat 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_17" title="Paremhat 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_18" title="Paremhat 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_19" title="Paremhat 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_20" title="Paremhat 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_21" title="Paremhat 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_22" title="Paremhat 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_23" title="Paremhat 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_24" title="Paremhat 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_25" title="Paremhat 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_26" title="Paremhat 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_27" title="Paremhat 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_28" title="Paremhat 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_29" title="Paremhat 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paremhat_30" title="Paremhat 30">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parmouti" title="Parmouti">Parmouti</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_1" title="Parmouti 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_2" title="Parmouti 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_3" title="Parmouti 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_4" title="Parmouti 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_5" title="Parmouti 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_6" title="Parmouti 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_7" title="Parmouti 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_8" title="Parmouti 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_9" title="Parmouti 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_10" title="Parmouti 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_11" title="Parmouti 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_12" title="Parmouti 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_13" title="Parmouti 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_14" title="Parmouti 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_15" title="Parmouti 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_16" title="Parmouti 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_17" title="Parmouti 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_18" title="Parmouti 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_19" title="Parmouti 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_20" title="Parmouti 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_21" title="Parmouti 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_22" title="Parmouti 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_23" title="Parmouti 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_24" title="Parmouti 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_25" title="Parmouti 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_26" title="Parmouti 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_27" title="Parmouti 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_28" title="Parmouti 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_29" title="Parmouti 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmouti_30" title="Parmouti 30">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pashons" title="Pashons">Pashons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_1" title="Pashons 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_2" title="Pashons 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_3" title="Pashons 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_4" title="Pashons 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_5" title="Pashons 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_6" title="Pashons 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_7" title="Pashons 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_8" title="Pashons 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_9" title="Pashons 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_10" title="Pashons 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_11" title="Pashons 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_12" title="Pashons 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_13" title="Pashons 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_14" title="Pashons 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_15" title="Pashons 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_16" title="Pashons 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_17" title="Pashons 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_18" title="Pashons 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_19" title="Pashons 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_20" title="Pashons 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_21" title="Pashons 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_22" title="Pashons 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_23" title="Pashons 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_24" title="Pashons 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_25" title="Pashons 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_26" title="Pashons 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_27" title="Pashons 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_28" title="Pashons 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_29" title="Pashons 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashons_30" title="Pashons 30">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paoni" title="Paoni">Paoni</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paoni_1" title="Paoni 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoni_2" title="Paoni 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoni_3" title="Paoni 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoni_4" title="Paoni 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoni_5" title="Paoni 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoni_6" title="Paoni 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoni_7" title="Paoni 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoni_8" title="Paoni 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoni_9" title="Paoni 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoni_10" title="Paoni 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoni_11" title="Paoni 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoni_12" title="Paoni 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoni_13" title="Paoni 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoni_14" title="Paoni 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoni_15" title="Paoni 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paoni_16&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paoni 16 (page does not exist)">16</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paoni_17&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paoni 17 (page does not exist)">17</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paoni_18&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paoni 18 (page does not exist)">18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paoni_19&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paoni 19 (page does not exist)">19</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paoni_20&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paoni 20 (page does not exist)">20</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paoni_21&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paoni 21 (page does not exist)">21</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paoni_22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paoni 22 (page does not exist)">22</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paoni_23&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paoni 23 (page does not exist)">23</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paoni_24&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paoni 24 (page does not exist)">24</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paoni_25&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paoni 25 (page does not exist)">25</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paoni_26&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paoni 26 (page does not exist)">26</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paoni_27&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paoni 27 (page does not exist)">27</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paoni_28&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paoni 28 (page does not exist)">28</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paoni_29&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paoni 29 (page does not exist)">29</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paoni_30&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paoni 30 (page does not exist)">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Epip" title="Epip">Epip</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 1 (page does not exist)">1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 2 (page does not exist)">2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 3 (page does not exist)">3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 4 (page does not exist)">4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 5 (page does not exist)">5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 6 (page does not exist)">6</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 7 (page does not exist)">7</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 8 (page does not exist)">8</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 9 (page does not exist)">9</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_10&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 10 (page does not exist)">10</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 11 (page does not exist)">11</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_12&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 12 (page does not exist)">12</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_13&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 13 (page does not exist)">13</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_14&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 14 (page does not exist)">14</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_15&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 15 (page does not exist)">15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_16&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 16 (page does not exist)">16</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_17&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 17 (page does not exist)">17</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_18&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 18 (page does not exist)">18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_19&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 19 (page does not exist)">19</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_20&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 20 (page does not exist)">20</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_21&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 21 (page does not exist)">21</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 22 (page does not exist)">22</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_23&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 23 (page does not exist)">23</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_24&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 24 (page does not exist)">24</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_25&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 25 (page does not exist)">25</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_26&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 26 (page does not exist)">26</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_27&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 27 (page does not exist)">27</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_28&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 28 (page does not exist)">28</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_29&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 29 (page does not exist)">29</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epip_30&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epip 30 (page does not exist)">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mesori" title="Mesori">Mesori</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 1 (page does not exist)">1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 2 (page does not exist)">2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 3 (page does not exist)">3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 4 (page does not exist)">4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 5 (page does not exist)">5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 6 (page does not exist)">6</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 7 (page does not exist)">7</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 8 (page does not exist)">8</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 9 (page does not exist)">9</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_10&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 10 (page does not exist)">10</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 11 (page does not exist)">11</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_12&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 12 (page does not exist)">12</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_13&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 13 (page does not exist)">13</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_14&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 14 (page does not exist)">14</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_15&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 15 (page does not exist)">15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_16&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 16 (page does not exist)">16</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_17&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 17 (page does not exist)">17</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_18&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 18 (page does not exist)">18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_19&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 19 (page does not exist)">19</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_20&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 20 (page does not exist)">20</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_21&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 21 (page does not exist)">21</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 22 (page does not exist)">22</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_23&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 23 (page does not exist)">23</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_24&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 24 (page does not exist)">24</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_25&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 25 (page does not exist)">25</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_26&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 26 (page does not exist)">26</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_27&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 27 (page does not exist)">27</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_28&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 28 (page does not exist)">28</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_29&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 29 (page does not exist)">29</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesori_30&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesori 30 (page does not exist)">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Intercalary_month_(Egypt)" title="Intercalary month (Egypt)">Intercalary month</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nesi_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nesi 1 (page does not exist)">1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nesi_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nesi 2 (page does not exist)">2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nesi_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nesi 3 (page does not exist)">3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nesi_4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nesi 4 (page does not exist)">4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nesi_5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nesi 5 (page does not exist)">5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nesi_6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nesi 6 (page does not exist)">6</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Calendars_of_saints407" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Calendars_of_saints" title="Template:Calendars of saints"><abbr title="View this 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href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar_of_1960" title="General Roman Calendar of 1960">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar_of_Pope_Pius_XII" title="General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar_of_1954" title="General Roman Calendar of 1954">pre-1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_calendar" title="Tridentine calendar">Tridentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_calendar_of_the_Syro-Malabar_Catholic_Church" title="Liturgical calendar of the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church">Syro-Malabar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maximus_Confessor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Maximus_Confessor.jpg/100px-Maximus_Confessor.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Maximus_Confessor.jpg/150px-Maximus_Confessor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Maximus_Confessor.jpg/200px-Maximus_Confessor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="315" data-file-height="442" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern Orthodox</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_liturgical_calendar" title="Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar">Menologium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oriental Orthodox</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Armenian_Apostolic_Church)" title="Calendar of saints (Armenian Apostolic Church)">Armenian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Anglican_Church_calendars" title="List of Anglican Church calendars">Anglican</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Anglican_Church_of_Australia)" title="Calendar of saints (Anglican Church of Australia)">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Episcopal_Anglican_Church_of_Brazil)" title="Calendar of saints (Episcopal Anglican Church of Brazil)">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Anglican_Church_of_Canada)" title="Calendar of saints (Anglican Church of Canada)">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Church_of_England)" title="Calendar of saints (Church of England)">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Hong_Kong_Sheng_Kung_Hui)" title="Calendar of saints (Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui)">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Anglican_Church_of_Korea)" title="Calendar of saints (Anglican Church of Korea)">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Scottish_Episcopal_Church)" title="Calendar of saints (Scottish Episcopal Church)">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Anglican_Church_of_Southern_Africa)" title="Calendar of saints (Anglican Church of Southern Africa)">Southern Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Episcopal_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendar of saints (Episcopal Church)">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Church_in_Wales)" title="Calendar of saints (Church in Wales)">Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Protestant</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Lutheran)" title="Calendar of saints (Lutheran)">Lutheran</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/16px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/24px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/31px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Calendars642" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Calendars" title="Template:Calendars"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Calendars" title="Template talk:Calendars"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Calendars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Calendars"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Calendars642" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Calendar" title="Calendar">Calendars</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_calendar" title="Lunar calendar">Lunar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunisolar_calendar" title="Lunisolar calendar">Lunisolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_calendar" title="Solar calendar">Solar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In wide use</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_year_numbering" title="Astronomical year numbering">Astronomical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Lunar Hijri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Hijri_calendar" title="Solar Hijri calendar">Solar Hijri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_week_date" title="ISO week date">ISO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unix_time" title="Unix time">Unix time</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">In more<br />limited use</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akan_calendar" title="Akan calendar">Akan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assamese_calendar" title="Assamese calendar">Assamese (Bhāshkarābda)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_calendar" title="Baháʼí calendar">Baháʼí</a> <ul><li>Badí‘</li></ul></li> <li>Bali <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pawukon_calendar" title="Pawukon calendar">Pawukon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Saka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendars" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendars">Bengali</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi calendar">Bangladeshi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borana_calendar" title="Borana calendar">Borana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earthly_Branches" title="Earthly Branches">Earthly Branches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavenly_Stems" title="Heavenly Stems">Heavenly Stems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_calendar" title="Republic of China calendar">Minguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_term" title="Solar term">Solar term</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathen_holidays" title="Heathen holidays">Germanic heathen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_calendar" title="Georgian calendar">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Saka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hmong_calendar" title="Hmong calendar">Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jalali_calendar" title="Jalali calendar">Jalali</a> <ul><li>medieval</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrian_calendar" title="Zoroastrian calendar">Zoroastrian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_calendar" title="Irish calendar">Irish</a> <ul><li>Gaelic</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fasli_calendar" title="Fasli calendar">Fasli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabular_Islamic_calendar" title="Tabular Islamic calendar">Tabular</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vira_Nirvana_Samvat" title="Vira Nirvana Samvat">Jain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juche_calendar" title="Juche calendar">Juche</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_calendar" title="Kurdish calendar">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_calendar" title="Lithuanian calendar">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirhuta_Panchang" class="mw-redirect" title="Tirhuta Panchang">Maithili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_calendar" title="Malayalam calendar">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaean_calendar" title="Mandaean calendar">Mandaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meitei_calendar" title="Meitei calendar">Manipuri (Meitei)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanau_calendar" title="Melanau calendar">Melanau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizo_calendar" title="Mizo calendar">Mizo (Lushai)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_calendar" title="Mongolian calendar">Mongolian</a></li> <li>Nepal <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_Sambat" title="Nepal Sambat">Nepal Sambat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yele_Sambat" title="Yele Sambat">Yele Sambat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisga%27a#Nisga’a_calendar/life" title="Nisga'a">Nisg̱a'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_calendar" title="Odia calendar">Odia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_calendar" title="Punjabi calendar">Punjabi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_calendar" title="Romanian calendar">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shona_calendar" title="Shona calendar">Shona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_calendar" title="Somali calendar">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotho_calendar" title="Sotho calendar">Sesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_calendar" title="Slavic calendar">Slavic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_Native_Faith%27s_calendars_and_holidays" title="Slavic Native Faith's calendars and holidays">Slavic Native Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_months" title="Macedonian months">Macedonian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_calendar" title="Tamil calendar">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_calendar" title="Thai calendar">Thai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thai_lunar_calendar" title="Thai lunar calendar">lunar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">solar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripuri_calendar" title="Tripuri calendar">Tripuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulu_calendar" title="Tulu calendar">Tulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_calendar" title="Vietnamese calendar">Vietnamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_of_the_Year" title="Wheel of the Year">Wicca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhosa_calendar" title="Xhosa calendar">Xhosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_calendar" title="Yoruba calendar">Yoruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulu_calendar" title="Zulu calendar">Zulu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Runic_calendar" title="Runic calendar">Runic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_calendars" title="Mesoamerican calendars">Mesoamerican</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_Long_Count_calendar" title="Mesoamerican Long Count calendar">Long Count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_round" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendar round">Calendar round</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Christian variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian and Eritrean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revised_Julian_calendar" title="Revised Julian calendar">Revised</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year" title="Liturgical year">Liturgical year</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_liturgical_calendar" title="Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar">Eastern Orthodox</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Saints</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Islamic_Arabian_calendar" title="Pre-Islamic Arabian calendar">Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attic_calendar" title="Attic calendar">Attic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aztec_calendar" title="Aztec calendar">Aztec</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dnalp%C5%8Dhualli" title="Tōnalpōhualli">Tōnalpōhualli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiuhp%C5%8Dhualli" title="Xiuhpōhualli">Xiuhpōhualli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_calendar" title="Babylonian calendar">Babylonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgar_calendar" title="Bulgar calendar">Bulgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappadocian_calendar" title="Cappadocian calendar">Cappadocian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_calendar" title="Celtic calendar">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cham_calendar" title="Cham calendar">Cham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chula_Sakarat" title="Chula Sakarat">Culāsakaraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coligny_calendar" title="Coligny calendar">Coligny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_calendar" title="Egyptian calendar">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enoch_calendar" title="Enoch calendar">Enoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florentine_calendar" title="Florentine calendar">Florentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Republican_calendar" title="French Republican calendar">French Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic calendar">Germanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_calendars" title="Ancient Greek calendars">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inca_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Inca calendar">Inca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Macedonian_calendar" title="Ancient Macedonian calendar">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_calendar" title="Maya calendar">Maya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haab%CA%BC" title="Haabʼ">Haabʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzolk%CA%BCin" title="Tzolkʼin">Tzolkʼin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_calendar" title="Muisca calendar">Muisca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecontad_calendar" title="Pentecontad calendar">Pentecontad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pisan_calendar" title="Pisan calendar">Pisan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qumran_calendrical_texts" title="Qumran calendrical texts">Qumran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapa_Nui_calendar" title="Rapa Nui calendar">Rapa Nui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_calendar" title="Roman calendar">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumi_calendar" title="Rumi calendar"><i>Rumi</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">Sexagenary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_calendar" title="Soviet calendar">Soviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_calendar" title="Swedish calendar">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_renaming_of_Turkmen_months_and_days_of_week" title="2002 renaming of Turkmen months and days of week">Turkmen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By specialty</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene</a> <ul><li>anthropological</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proleptic_Gregorian_calendar" title="Proleptic Gregorian calendar">Proleptic Gregorian</a> / <a href="/wiki/Proleptic_Julian_calendar" title="Proleptic Julian calendar">Proleptic Julian</a> <ul><li>historiographical</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darian_calendar" title="Darian calendar">Darian</a> <ul><li>Martian</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreamspell" title="Dreamspell">Dreamspell</a> <ul><li>New Age</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27Pataphysics#Pataphysical_calendar" title="'Pataphysics">'Pataphysical</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calendar_reform" title="Calendar reform">Reform proposals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hanke%E2%80%93Henry_Permanent_Calendar" title="Hanke–Henry Permanent Calendar">Hanke–Henry Permanent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Fixed_Calendar" title="International Fixed Calendar">International Fixed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pax_Calendar" title="Pax Calendar">Pax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Positivist_calendar" title="Positivist calendar">Positivist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symmetry454" title="Symmetry454">Symmetry454</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Calendar" title="World Calendar">World</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Displays and<br />applications</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_calendar" title="Digital calendar">Electronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_calendar" title="Perpetual calendar">Perpetual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_(stationery)" title="Calendar (stationery)">Wall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Year naming<br />and numbering</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epoch" title="Epoch">Epoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leap_year" title="Leap year">Leap year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Year" title="New Year">New Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnal_name" title="Regnal name">Regnal name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnal_year" title="Regnal year">Regnal year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Year_zero" title="Year zero">Year zero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anka_year" title="Anka year">Anka year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">Anno Domini</a>/<a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">Common Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anno_Lucis" title="Anno Lucis">Anno Lucis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Era_of_the_Martyrs" title="Era of the Martyrs">Anno Martyrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anno_Mundi" title="Anno Mundi">Anno Mundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eponym_dating_system" title="Eponym dating system">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Before_Present" title="Before Present">Before Present</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_era_name" title="Chinese era name">Chinese Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_calendar" title="Republic of China calendar">Chinese Minguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">English and British regnal year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hijri_year" title="Hijri year">Hijri year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Human (Holocene)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_era_name" title="Japanese era name">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_era_name" title="Korean era name">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirayana_system" title="Nirayana system">Nirayana system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seleucid_era" title="Seleucid era">Seleucid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_era" title="Spanish era">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuga" title="Yuga">Yugas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satya_Yuga" title="Satya Yuga">Satya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treta_Yuga" title="Treta Yuga">Treta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvapara_Yuga" title="Dvapara Yuga">Dvapara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_era_name" title="Vietnamese era name">Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fictional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discworld_(world)#Calendar" title="Discworld (world)">Discworld</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Discworld" title="Discworld">Discworld</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flanaess#Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Flanaess">Greyhawk</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Dungeons_%26_Dragons" title="Dungeons & Dragons">Dungeons & Dragons</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle-earth_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle-earth calendar">Middle-earth</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stardate" title="Stardate">Stardate</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek" title="Star Trek">Star Trek</a></i>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_calendars" title="List of calendars">List of calendars</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Calendars" title="Category:Calendars">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Topics_about_Saints132" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Saints" title="Template:Saints"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Saints" title="Template talk:Saints"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Saints" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Saints"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Topics_about_Saints132" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Topics about <a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">Saints</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Calendar of saints</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar" title="General Roman Calendar">General Roman Calendar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_calendar" title="Tridentine calendar">Tridentine calendar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_liturgical_calendar" title="Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar">Eastern Orthodox calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Anglican_Church_calendars" title="List of Anglican Church calendars">Anglican calendars</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Coptic calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Lutheran)" title="Calendar of saints (Lutheran)">Lutheran calendar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Folk_saint" title="Folk saint">Folk saint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equal-to-apostles" title="Equal-to-apostles">Equal-to-apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relic" title="Relic">Relic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catacomb_saints" title="Catacomb saints">Catacomb saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Translation_(relic)" title="Translation (relic)">Translation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagiography" title="Hagiography">Hagiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_saints" title="Lists of saints">Lists of saints</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_saints" title="List of Catholic saints">Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_child_saints" title="List of child saints">Child</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Eastern_Orthodox_saints" title="List of Eastern Orthodox saints">Orthodox</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Eastern_Orthodox_saint_titles" title="List of Eastern Orthodox saint titles">Titles</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_symbolism" title="Saint symbolism">Symbology of the Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saints_in_Protestantism" class="mw-redirect" title="Saints in Protestantism">Saints in Protestantism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levitation_of_saints" title="Levitation of saints">Levitation of saints</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communion_of_saints" title="Communion of saints">Communion of saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneration" title="Veneration">Veneration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercession_of_saints" title="Intercession of saints">Intercession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_for_the_dead" title="Prayer for the dead">Prayer for the dead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confessor_of_the_Faith" title="Confessor of the Faith">Confessors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Confessors" title="List of Confessors">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyr" title="Martyr">Martyrs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_martyrs" title="Lists of martyrs">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_martyrs" title="List of Christian martyrs">Christian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christians_martyred_during_the_reign_of_Diocletian" title="List of Christians martyred during the reign of Diocletian">Diocletian</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_bearer" title="Passion bearer">Passion bearers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">Patron saint</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patron_saints_of_places" title="Patron saints of places">Places</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariology" title="Mariology">Mariology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canonization" title="Canonization">Canonization</a> process</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Causes_of_Saints" title="Dicastery for the Causes of Saints">Dicastery for the Causes of Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candidates_for_sainthood" class="mw-redirect" title="Candidates for sainthood">Candidates for sainthood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servant_of_God" title="Servant of God">Servant of God</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Servants_of_God" title="List of Servants of God">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Venerable" title="The Venerable">The Venerable</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_venerated_Catholics" title="List of venerated Catholics">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatification" title="Beatification">Beatification</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beatified_people" title="List of beatified people">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equivalent_canonization" title="Equivalent canonization">Equivalent canonization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostle" title="Apostle">Apostle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Companions" title="Saint Companions">Companions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Martyrology" title="Roman Martyrology">Roman Martyrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saints_in_Anglicanism" title="Saints in Anglicanism">Saints in Anglicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saints_in_Methodism" title="Saints in Methodism">Saints in Methodism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patristics" title="Patristics">Patristics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_early_Christian_writers" title="List of early Christian writers">Early Christian writers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Church_Fathers" title="List of Church Fathers">Church Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_women_of_the_patristic_age" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Christian women of the patristic age">Women of the patristic age</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophet" title="Prophet">Prophet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/Portal:Saints" title="Portal:Saints">Saints portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethiopian_saints_by_feast_day482" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethiopian_saints_by_feast_day" title="Template:Ethiopian saints by feast day"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethiopian_saints_by_feast_day" title="Template talk:Ethiopian saints by feast day"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethiopian_saints_by_feast_day" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethiopian saints by feast day"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ethiopian_saints_by_feast_day482" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Ethiopian saints by feast day</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">January</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abeluzius" title="Abeluzius">Abeluzius</a> (15th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abba_Tsahma" title="Abba Tsahma">Tsahma</a> (24th)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="11" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_of_Waldebba" title="Samuel of Waldebba"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Samuel_of_Waldebba_Painting.jpg/120px-Samuel_of_Waldebba_Painting.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Samuel_of_Waldebba_Painting.jpg/180px-Samuel_of_Waldebba_Painting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Samuel_of_Waldebba_Painting.jpg/240px-Samuel_of_Waldebba_Painting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">March</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abba_Alef" title="Abba Alef">Alef</a> (20th)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">May</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Abraham_(Ethiopian)" title="Saint Abraham (Ethiopian)">Saint Abraham</a> (5th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yared" title="Yared">Yared</a> (19th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaleb_of_Axum" title="Kaleb of Axum">Kaleb</a> (28th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ablak_(saint)" title="Ablak (saint)">Ablak</a> (30th)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">June</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abba_Aftse" title="Abba Aftse">Aftse</a> (5th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abba_Guba" title="Abba Guba">Guba</a> (5th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gebre_Meskel_Lalibela" title="Gebre Meskel Lalibela">Gebre Meskel Lalibela</a> (6th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abba_Garima" title="Abba Garima">Garima</a> (24th)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">July</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moses_the_Black" title="Moses the Black">Moses the Black</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giyorgis_of_Segla" title="Giyorgis of Segla">Giyorgis of Segla</a> (14th)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">August</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tekle_Haymanot" title="Tekle Haymanot">Tekle Haymanot</a> (17th and 24th)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">September</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dawit_II" title="Dawit II">Dawit II</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abnodius" title="Abnodius">Abnodius</a> (3rd)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melki_of_Clysma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Melki of Clysma (page does not exist)">Melki of Clysma</a> (11th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daysa_the_Egyptian" class="mw-redirect" title="Daysa the Egyptian">Daysa the Egyptian</a> (12th)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mamas_the_Martyr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mamas the Martyr (page does not exist)">Mamas the Martyr</a> (15th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebna_Dengel" class="mw-redirect" title="Lebna Dengel">Lebna Dengel</a> (15th)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fasilidas_(saint)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fasilidas (saint) (page does not exist)">Fasilidas</a> (19th)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasay_(saint)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yasay (saint) (page does not exist)">Yasay</a> (19th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matronya" class="mw-redirect" title="Matronya">Matronya</a> (20th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Absadi" title="Absadi">Absadi</a> (27th)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">October</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ezana_of_Axum" title="Ezana of Axum">Ezana</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saizana" title="Saizana">Saizana</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matlan_the_physician&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matlan the physician (page does not exist)">Matlan the physician</a> (4th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abuna_Aregawi" title="Abuna Aregawi">Aregawi</a> (24th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemrehana_Krestos" title="Yemrehana Krestos">Yemrehana Krestos</a> (29th)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">November</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abba_Yem%E2%80%99ata" class="mw-redirect" title="Abba Yem’ata">Yem’ata</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baeda_Maryam_I" title="Baeda Maryam I">Baeda Maryam I</a> (8th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amda_Seyon_I" title="Amda Seyon I">Amda Seyon I</a> (26th)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">December</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iyasus_Mo%27a" title="Iyasus Mo'a">Iyasus Mo'a</a> (5th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abba_Liqanos" title="Abba Liqanos">Liqanos</a> (7th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gebre_Meskel" title="Gebre Meskel">Gebre Meskel</a> (8th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_of_Waldebba" title="Samuel of Waldebba">Samuel of Waldebba</a> (21st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frumentius" title="Frumentius">Frumentius</a> (27th)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">All months</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gabra_Manfas_Qeddus" class="mw-redirect" title="Gabra Manfas Qeddus">Gabra Manfas Qeddus</a> (5th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tekle_Haymanot" title="Tekle Haymanot">Tekle Haymanot</a> (24th)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <dl><dt>Related topics</dt></dl> <p><a href="/wiki/Giustino_de_Jacobis" title="Giustino de Jacobis">Giustino de Jacobis</a> (Roman Catholic), <a href="/wiki/Nine_Saints" title="Nine Saints">Nine Saints</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Armenian_Apostolic_Church)" title="Calendar of saints (Armenian Apostolic Church)">Armenian Apostolic liturgical calendar</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Coptic calendar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_liturgical_calendar" title="Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar">Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar</a> •  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" 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